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Free China (Second Sino-Japanese War)

The term Free China, in the context of the Second Sino-Japanese War, refers to those areas of China not under the control of the Imperial Japanese Army or any of its puppet governments, such as Manchukuo, the Mengjiang government in Suiyuan and Chahar, or the Provisional Government of the Republic of China in Beiping. The term came into more frequent use after the Battle of Nanking, when Chiang Kai-shek evacuated the government of the Republic of China to Chongqing.

Free China
The extent of Japanese control of China as of 1940. The area in white constitutes "Free China".
Traditional Chinese中華民國自由地區
Simplified Chinese中华民国自由地区
Literal meaningFree Area of the Republic of China (full form used only occasionally)
Transcriptions
Standard Mandarin
Hanyu PinyinZhōnghuá Mínguó Zìyóu Dìqū
Bopomofoㄓㄨㄥ ㄏㄨㄚˊ ㄇㄧㄣˊ ㄍㄨㄛˊ ㄗˋ ㄧㄡˊ ㄉㄧˋ ㄑㄩ
Gwoyeu RomatzyhJonghwa Min'gwo Tzyh'you Dihchiu
Wade–GilesChung¹-hua² Min²-kuo² Tzŭ⁴-yu² Ti⁴-chü¹
Tongyong PinyinJhonghuá Mínguó Zìhyóu Dìcyu
MPS2Jūnghuá Mínguó Tz̀yóu Dìchiū
Hakka
Pha̍k-fa-sṳChûng-fà Mìn-koet Chhṳ-yù Thi-khî
Southern Min
Hokkien POJTiong-hôa Bîn-kok Chū-iû Tē-khu
Tâi-lôTiong-hûa Bîn-kok Tsū-iû Tē-khu
Eastern Min
Fuzhou BUCDṳ̆ng-huà Mìng-guók Cê̤ṳ-iù Dê-kṳ̆

History edit

In the final days of the Battle of Nanking, the Republic of China's National Revolutionary Army helped to evacuate the Chiang Kai-shek government to Chongqing, which was declared the provisional capital of the Republic of China. The Japanese, following their victory at Nanjing, created yet another puppet government, the Reformed Government of the Republic of China, which was later merged with the Provisional Government of the Republic of China to create the Wang Jingwei Government. Many civilians from Japanese-controlled areas of China fled to Free China.

Conflict between the Communists and Kuomintang continued in the area of Free China, the most severe example being the New Fourth Army Incident. At the same time, Japanese action against the Communists and Nationalists continued; Chongqing was bombed 268 times, making it the most-frequently bombed city in all of World War II. The battlefront was largely static and stabilized since 1940 and continued for four years that way. In December 1944, the Japanese Operation Ichi-Go succeeded in taking control of Guangxi, giving them a continuous railway link between Manchukuo and Southeast Asia. The Japanese also proposed to invade Sichuan in an attempt to destroy the regime in Chongqing, but did not implemented it before the formal surrender.[1]

The term "Free area of the Republic of China" was later reused by the Nationalist government after their retreat to Taiwan to contrast their territory with that of the People's Republic of China.

References edit

Citations edit

  1. ^ 昭和二十年の支那派遣軍(1)三月まで. 戦史叢書 (in Japanese). 朝雲新聞社. 1971.

Bibliography edit

  • Linebarger, Anthony; Paul Myron (1941). The China of Chiang Kai-shek: A Political Study. World Peace Foundation.
  • Ride, Edwin. BAAG: Hong Kong Resistance 1942-1945. United Kingdom: Oxford University Press. See chapter 2, "Escape to Free China".
  • Yu, Patrick Shuk-Siu (2000). A Seventh Child and the Law. Hong Kong: Hong Kong University Press.

free, china, second, sino, japanese, this, article, includes, list, references, related, reading, external, links, sources, remain, unclear, because, lacks, inline, citations, please, help, improve, this, article, introducing, more, precise, citations, august,. This article includes a list of references related reading or external links but its sources remain unclear because it lacks inline citations Please help improve this article by introducing more precise citations August 2014 Learn how and when to remove this message The term Free China in the context of the Second Sino Japanese War refers to those areas of China not under the control of the Imperial Japanese Army or any of its puppet governments such as Manchukuo the Mengjiang government in Suiyuan and Chahar or the Provisional Government of the Republic of China in Beiping The term came into more frequent use after the Battle of Nanking when Chiang Kai shek evacuated the government of the Republic of China to Chongqing Free ChinaThe extent of Japanese control of China as of 1940 The area in white constitutes Free China Traditional Chinese中華民國自由地區Simplified Chinese中华民国自由地区Literal meaningFree Area of the Republic of China full form used only occasionally TranscriptionsStandard MandarinHanyu PinyinZhōnghua Minguo Ziyou DiquBopomofoㄓㄨㄥ ㄏㄨㄚˊ ㄇㄧㄣˊ ㄍㄨㄛˊ ㄗˋ ㄧㄡˊ ㄉㄧˋ ㄑㄩGwoyeu RomatzyhJonghwa Min gwo Tzyh you DihchiuWade GilesChung hua Min kuo Tzŭ yu Ti chu Tongyong PinyinJhonghua Minguo Zihyou DicyuMPS2Junghua Minguo Tz you DichiuHakkaPha k fa sṳChung fa Min koet Chhṳ yu Thi khiSouthern MinHokkien POJTiong hoa Bin kok Chu iu Te khuTai loTiong hua Bin kok Tsu iu Te khuEastern MinFuzhou BUCDṳ ng hua Ming guok Ce ṳ iu De kṳ Contents 1 History 2 References 2 1 Citations 2 2 BibliographyHistory editIn the final days of the Battle of Nanking the Republic of China s National Revolutionary Army helped to evacuate the Chiang Kai shek government to Chongqing which was declared the provisional capital of the Republic of China The Japanese following their victory at Nanjing created yet another puppet government the Reformed Government of the Republic of China which was later merged with the Provisional Government of the Republic of China to create the Wang Jingwei Government Many civilians from Japanese controlled areas of China fled to Free China Conflict between the Communists and Kuomintang continued in the area of Free China the most severe example being the New Fourth Army Incident At the same time Japanese action against the Communists and Nationalists continued Chongqing was bombed 268 times making it the most frequently bombed city in all of World War II The battlefront was largely static and stabilized since 1940 and continued for four years that way In December 1944 the Japanese Operation Ichi Go succeeded in taking control of Guangxi giving them a continuous railway link between Manchukuo and Southeast Asia The Japanese also proposed to invade Sichuan in an attempt to destroy the regime in Chongqing but did not implemented it before the formal surrender 1 The term Free area of the Republic of China was later reused by the Nationalist government after their retreat to Taiwan to contrast their territory with that of the People s Republic of China References editCitations edit 昭和二十年の支那派遣軍 1 三月まで 戦史叢書 in Japanese 朝雲新聞社 1971 Bibliography edit Linebarger Anthony Paul Myron 1941 The China of Chiang Kai shek A Political Study World Peace Foundation Ride Edwin BAAG Hong Kong Resistance 1942 1945 United Kingdom Oxford University Press See chapter 2 Escape to Free China Yu Patrick Shuk Siu 2000 A Seventh Child and the Law Hong Kong Hong Kong University Press nbsp nbsp This article related to the history of China is a stub You can help Wikipedia by expanding it vte nbsp nbsp This Japanese history related article is a stub You can help Wikipedia by expanding it vte Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Free China Second Sino Japanese War amp oldid 1202067806, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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