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List of ethnic groups in China

August 20, 2023

For the ethnic groups in historical China, see Ethnic groups in Chinese history.

The Han people are the largest ethnic group in mainland China. In 2010, 91.51% of the population were classified as Han (~1.2 billion).[1] Besides the Han Chinese majority, 55 other ethnic (minority) groups are categorized in present-day China, numbering approximately 105 million people (8%), mostly concentrated in the bordering northwest, north, northeast, south and southwest but with some in central interior areas.

Ethnolinguistic map of China

The major minority ethnic groups in China are Zhuang (16.9 million), Hui (10.5 million), Manchu (10.3 million), Uyghur (10 million), Miao (9.4 million), Yi (8.7 million), Tujia (8.3 million), Tibetan (6.2 million), Mongolian (5.9 million), Kazakh (5 million), Dong (2.8 million), Buyei (2.8 million), Yao (2.7 million), Bai (1.9 million), Korean (1.8 million), Hani (1.6 million), Li (1.4 million), and Dai (1.2 million).[2] At least 126,000 people from Canada, the United States, and Europe are living in mainland China.[3] In addition, there are also unrecognized ethnic groups, for example: Chuanqing people (穿青人), and others, who comprise over 730,000 people.

Ethnic groups recognized by the People's Republic of China

Soon after the establishment of the People's Republic of China, 39 ethnic groups were recognized by the first national census in 1954. This further increased to 54 by the second national census in 1964, with the Lhoba group added in 1965. The last change was the addition of the Jino people in 1979, bringing the number of recognized ethnic groups to the current 56. The following are the 56 ethnic groups (listed by population) officially recognized by the People's Republic of China.[4]

English Name
 Standard Romanization
 CodeA
 Simplified Chinese
 Mandarin Pinyin
 2020 National Shares 2020 PopulationB 2010 PopulationB
 2000 PopulationB
 1990 PopulationB
 Year of recognitionC
Han1 Han HA 汉族 Hànzú 91.1098% 1,284,446,389 1,220,844,520 1,139,773,008 1,042,482,187 1954
Zhuang Zhuang ZH 壮族 Zhuàngzú 1.3801% 19,568,546 16,926,381 16,187,163 15,489,630 1954
Uyghur Uygur UG 维吾尔族 Wéiwú'ěrzú 0.8352% 11,774,538 10,069,346 8,405,416 7,214,431 1954
Hui2 Hui HU 回族 Huízú 0.8070% 11,377,914 10,586,087 9,828,126 8,602,978 1954
Miao3 Miao MH 苗族 Miáozú 0.7851% 11,067,929 9,426,007 8,945,538 7,398,035 1954
Manchu Man MA 满族 Mǎnzú 0.7394% 10,423,303 10,387,958 10,708,464 9,821,180 1954
Yi Yi YI 彝族 Yízú 0.6973% 9,830,327 8,714,393 7,765,858 6,572,173 1954
Tujia Tujia TJ 土家族 Tǔjiāzú 0.6801% 9,587,732 8,353,912 8,037,014 5,704,223 1964
Tibetan4 Zang ZA 藏族 Zàngzú 0.5008% 7,060,731 6,282,187 5,422,954 4,593,330 1954
Mongolian Mongol MG 蒙古族 Měnggǔzú 0.4461% 6,290,204 5,981,840 5,827,808 4,806,849 1954
Kazakh Kazak KZ 哈萨克族 Hāsàkèzú 0.4108% 5,000,000 4,447,588 4,251,023 3,111,718 1954
Bouyei Bouyei BY 布依族 Bùyīzú 0.2537% 3,576,752 2,870,034 2,973,217 2,545,059 1954
Dong5 Dong DO 侗族 Dòngzú 0.2480% 3,495,993 2,879,974 2,962,911 2,514,014 1954
Yao Yao YA 瑶族 Yáozú 0.2347% 3,309,341 2,796,003 2,638,878 2,134,013 1954
Bai Bai BA 白族 Báizú 0.1484% 2,091,543 1,933,510 1,861,895 1,594,827 1954
Hani6 Hani HN 哈尼族 Hānízú 0.1229% 1,733,166 1,660,932 1,440,029 1,253,952 1954
Korean Chosŏn CS 朝鲜族 Cháoxiǎnzú 0.1207% 1,702,479 1,830,929 1,929,696 1,920,597 1954
Li Li LI 黎族 Lízú 0.1136% 1,602,104 1,463,064 1,248,022 1,110,900 1954
Dai7 Dai DA 傣族 Dǎizú 0.0943% 1,329,985 1,261,311 1,159,231 1,025,128 1954
Lisu Lisu LS 傈僳族 Lìsùzú 0.0541% 762,296 702,839 635,101 574,856 1954
She She SH 畲族 Shēzú 0.0529% 746,385 708,651 710,039 630,378 1964
Dongxiang Dongxiang DX 东乡族 Dōngxiāngzú 0.0550% 774,947 621,500 513,826 373,872 1954
Gelao Gelao GL 仡佬族 Gēlǎozú 0.0481% 677,521 550,746 579,744 437,997 1964
Lahu Lahu LH 拉祜族 Lāhùzú 0.0354% 499,167 485,966 453,765 411,476 1954
Sui Sui SU 水族 Shuǐzú 0.0352% 495,928 411,847 407,000 345,993 1954
Wa Wa WA 佤族 Wǎzú 0.0306% 430,997 429,709 396,709 351,974 1954
Nakhi8 Naxi NX 纳西族 Nàxīzú 0.0230% 323,767 326,295 309,477 278,009 1954
Qiang Qiang QI 羌族 Qiāngzú 0.0222% 312,981 309,576 306,476 198,252 1954
Tu Tu TU 土族 Tǔzú 0.0200% 281,928 289,565 241,593 191,624 1954
Mulao9 Mulao ML 仫佬族 Mùlǎozú 0.0197% 277,233 216,257 207,464 159,328 1964
Kyrgyz Kirgiz KG 柯尔克孜族 Kē'ěrkèzīzú 0.0145% 204,402 186,708 160,875 141,549 1954
Xibe Xibe XB 锡伯族 Xībózú 0.0136% 191,911 190,481 189,357 172,847 1954
Salar Salar SL 撒拉族 Sālāzú 0.0117% 165,159 130,607 104,521 87,697 1954
Jingpo10 Jingpo JP 景颇族 Jǐngpōzú 0.0114% 160,471 147,828 132,158 119,209 1954
Daur Daur DU 达斡尔族 Dáwò'ěrzú 0.0094% 132,299 131,992 132,747 121,357 1964
Blang Blang BL 布朗族 Bùlǎngzú 0.0090% 127,345 119,639 91,891 82,280 1964
Maonan11 Maonan MN 毛南族 Máonánzú 0.0088% 124,092 101,192 107,184 71,968 1964
Tajik12 Tajik TA 塔吉克族 Tǎjíkèzú 0.0036% 50,896 51,069 41,056 33,538 1954
Pumi Pumi PM 普米族 Pǔmǐzú 0.0032% 45,012 42,861 33,628 29,657 1964
Achang Achang AC 阿昌族 Āchāngzú 0.0031% 43,775 39,555 33,954 27,708 1964
Nu Nu NU 怒族 Nùzú 0.0026% 36,575 37,523 28,770 27,123 1964
Evenki Ewenki EW 鄂温克族 Èwēnkèzú 0.0025% 34,617 30,875 30,545 26,315 1954
Vietnamese13 Gin GI 京族 Jīngzú 0.0024% 33,112 28,199 22,584 18,915 1964
Jino Jino JN 基诺族 Jīnuòzú 0.0018% 26,025 23,143 20,899 18,021 1979
Bonan Bonan BO 保安族 Bǎo'ānzú 0.0017% 24,434 20,074 16,505 12,212 1954
De'ang14 Deang DE 德昂族 Dé'ángzú 0.0016% 22,354 20,556 17,935 15,462 1964
Russian Russ RS 俄罗斯族 Éluósīzú 0.0011% 16,136 15,393 15,631 13,504 1954
Yugur Yugur YG 裕固族 Yùgùzú 0.0010% 14,706 14,378 13,747 12,297 1954
Uzbek Uzbek UZ 乌孜别克族 Wūzībiékèzú 0.0009% 12,742 10,569 12,423 14,502 1954
Monba Monba MB 门巴族 Ménbāzú 0.0008% 11,143 10,561 8,928 7,475 1964
Oroqen Oroqen OR 鄂伦春族 Èlúnchūnzú 0.0007% 9,168 8,659 8,216 6,965 1954
Derung Derung DR 独龙族 Dúlóngzú 0.0005% 7,310 6,930 7,431 5,816 1964
Hezhen15 Hezhen HZ 赫哲族 Hèzhézú 0.0004% 5,373 5,354 4,664 4,245 1964
Lhoba Lhoba LB 珞巴族 Luòbāzú 0.0003% 4,237 3,682 2,970 2,312 1965
Tatars Tatar TT 塔塔尔族 Tǎtǎ'ěrzú 0.0003% 3,544 3,556 4,895 4,873 1954
Gaoshan16 Gaoshan GS 高山族 Gāoshānzú 0.0002% 3,479 4,009 4,488 2,909 1954
Undistinguished — none 未识别民族 Wèi Shìbié Mínzú 0.0593% 836,488 640,101 734,438 749,341 —
Naturalized Citizen — none 外国人加入中国籍 Wàiguórén Jiārù Zhōngguójí 0.0012% 16,595 1,448 941 3,421 —

AGB 3304－91 "Names of ethnicities of China in romanization with codes";[5]
BThe population only includes mainland China;
CFor ethnic groups officially recognised in 1964 or earlier, this is the year of first inclusion in the national census, which were in 1954[6] and 1964;[7]
1Also included are the Chuanqing;
2Also includes Utsuls of Hainan, descended from Cham refugees;
3One subset of which is also known as Hmong and other include Hmu, Xong and A-Hmao. Some of the related languages and groups of peoples are not necessarily classified under the Miao umbrella, which makes this term somewhat vague.
4including Amdowa and Khampa, as well as roughly half of Pumi speakers, the remainder of whom are classified as a separate Pumi ethnicity;
5Also known as Kam;
6Also included are the Sangkong;
7This category includes several different Tai-speaking groups historically referred to as Bai-yi [in fact, the Dai nationalities are speakers of Shan languages varieties -for example : Tai Lue and Tai Nuea peoples are actually Shan peoples subgroups]. Although that, the speakers of Bumang are also included in this Dai nationality. ;
8Also included are the Mosuo;
9Also included are the Qago (木佬人);
10Known as Kachin in Myanmar;
11Also included are the Then;
12They are not Tajik people but Pamiri people;
13The same group as Vietnamese or Kinh people in Sino-Vietnamese;
14Known as Palaung in Myanmar;
15The same group as Nanai on the Russian side of the border;
16A collective name for all Taiwanese aborigine groups in Taiwan. In fact, the numbers of Gaoshan in census covers only those who lives in mainland China (mainly in Fujian) and consists of Amis (autonym: Pangcah), Paiwan and Bunun peoples

Taiwanese aborigines

Main article: Taiwanese indigenous peoples

The People's Republic of China government officially refers to all Taiwanese aborigines (Chinese: 原住民族; pinyin: Yuánzhùmínzú) as Gaoshan (Chinese: 高山族; pinyin: Gāoshānzú), whereas the Republic of China (Taiwan) recognizes 16 groups of Taiwanese aborigines. The term Gaoshan has a different connotation in Taiwan than it does in mainland China.

"Unrecognized" ethnic minority groups

Main article: Unrecognized ethnic groups in China
 
Part of a poster in Beijing showing the 56 ethnic groups of China

This is a list of ethnic groups in China that are not officially recognized by the government of the People's Republic of China.

  • Äynu (艾努人 Àinǔrén)
  • Altaians (Oirots) are classified as Mongols[8]
  • Fuyu Kyrgyz are classified as Kyrgyz
  • Gejia ( 家人 Gèjiārén)
  • Bajia (八甲人 Bājiǎrén)
  • Deng (僜人 Dèngrén)
  • Hu (户人 Hùrén)
  • Khmu (克木人 Kèmùrén)
  • Kucong (Yellow Lahu / Lahu Shi; 苦聪人 / 苦聰人 Kǔcōngrén)
  • Mang (芒人 Mángrén)
  • Ili Turks (土尔克人 / 土爾克人)
  • Sherpas (夏尔巴人 / 夏爾巴人 Xià'ěrbārén)
  • Tankas (疍家人 / 蜑家人 Dànjiārén) including Fuzhou Tanka
  • Tebbu (迭部人 Diébùrén)
  • Tuvans (图瓦人 Túwǎrén) are considered part of the Mongol ethnicity[9]
  • Waxiang (瓦乡人 Wǎxiāng rén)
  • Jews (犹太人 / 猶太人 Yóutàirén) (Jewish people of China and Jews in general)
  • Macanese (土生葡人 Tǔshēng púrén), mixed race Catholic Portuguese speakers who lived in Macau since 16th century of various ethnic origins
  • Utsuls (回辉人 Huíhuīrén), descendants of Cham Muslims who fled Vietnamese invasions of Champa

During the Fifth National Population Census of the People's Republic of China (2000), 734,438 persons in the Chinese mainland, 97% of them in Guizhou, were specifically recorded as belonging to "Undistinguished ethnic groups".[10] Presumably, other members of such groups may have been counted within larger "recognized" groups.

Ethnic groups in Hong Kong and Macau

See also: Demographics of Hong Kong and Demographics of Macau

Hong Kong and Macau are special administrative regions of the People's Republic of China. The governments of Hong Kong and Macau do not use the official PRC ethnic classification system, nor does the PRC's official classification system take ethnic groups in Hong Kong and Macau into account. Minority groups such as Western Europeans (mainly English and Portuguese), and Southern or Southeastern Asians (mainly Filipinos, Indians, Indonesians, Nepalese, and Pakistanis) live in Hong Kong.

Gallery

See also

References

  1. ^ . Xinhua News (English). 28 April 2011. Archived from the original on 11 July 2016. Retrieved 1 September 2015.
  2. ^ "index". www.stats.gov.cn.
  3. ^ "Expats in China: Nationalities and in which cities they settle".
  4. ^ 胡鸿保; 张丽梅 (2009). 民族识别原则的变化与民族人口 [Changes in Ethnic Identification Principles and Ethnic Population]. Southwest University for Nationalities University Press (in Chinese) (4).
  5. ^ GB 3304－91 Names of nationalities of China in romanization with codes 2009-11-01 at the Wayback Machine.
  6. ^ First National Population Census of the People's Republic of China
  7. ^ Second National Population Census of the People's Republic of China
  8. ^ Olson, James S. (1998). "Altai". An Ethnohistorical Dictionary of China. Westport, Conn: Greenwood Press. pp. 9–11. ISBN 0-313-28853-4.
  9. ^ Mongush, M. V. (1996). "Tuvans of Mongolia and China". International Journal of Central Asian Studies (1): 225–243.
  10. ^ 第五次人口普查数据(2000年). 表1—6. 省、自治区、直辖市分性别、民族的人口 ( Fifth National Population Census of the People's Republic of China (2000). Table 1-6: Population of provinces, autonomous regions, and municipalities by ethnicity). (in Chinese)

Further reading

  • Olson, James S. (1998). An Ethnohistorical Dictionary of China. Westport, Conn: Greenwood Press. ISBN 0-313-28853-4.
  • Schwars, Henry G. (1984). The Minorities of Northern China: A Survey.

External links

 
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Ethnic groups in China.
  • "Chinese ethnic odyssey" - collection of articles from the People's Daily
  • Family album of Chinese 56 ethnic groups
  • nytimes.com

August 20, 2023
list, ethnic, groups, china, ethnic, groups, historical, china, ethnic, groups, chinese, history, people, largest, ethnic, group, mainland, china, 2010, population, were, classified, billion, besides, chinese, majority, other, ethnic, minority, groups, categor. For the ethnic groups in historical China see Ethnic groups in Chinese history The Han people are the largest ethnic group in mainland China In 2010 91 51 of the population were classified as Han 1 2 billion 1 Besides the Han Chinese majority 55 other ethnic minority groups are categorized in present day China numbering approximately 105 million people 8 mostly concentrated in the bordering northwest north northeast south and southwest but with some in central interior areas Ethnolinguistic map of ChinaThe major minority ethnic groups in China are Zhuang 16 9 million Hui 10 5 million Manchu 10 3 million Uyghur 10 million Miao 9 4 million Yi 8 7 million Tujia 8 3 million Tibetan 6 2 million Mongolian 5 9 million Kazakh 5 million Dong 2 8 million Buyei 2 8 million Yao 2 7 million Bai 1 9 million Korean 1 8 million Hani 1 6 million Li 1 4 million and Dai 1 2 million 2 At least 126 000 people from Canada the United States and Europe are living in mainland China 3 In addition there are also unrecognized ethnic groups for example Chuanqing people 穿青人 and others who comprise over 730 000 people Contents 1 Ethnic groups recognized by the People s Republic of China 2 Taiwanese aborigines 3 Unrecognized ethnic minority groups 4 Ethnic groups in Hong Kong and Macau 5 Gallery 6 See also 7 References 8 Further reading 9 External linksEthnic groups recognized by the People s Republic of China EditSoon after the establishment of the People s Republic of China 39 ethnic groups were recognized by the first national census in 1954 This further increased to 54 by the second national census in 1964 with the Lhoba group added in 1965 The last change was the addition of the Jino people in 1979 bringing the number of recognized ethnic groups to the current 56 The following are the 56 ethnic groups listed by population officially recognized by the People s Republic of China 4 English Name Standard Romanization Code A Simplified Chinese Mandarin Pinyin 2020 National Shares 2020 PopulationB 2010 PopulationB 2000 PopulationB 1990 PopulationB Year of recognitionCHan1 Han HA 汉族 Hanzu 91 1098 1 284 446 389 1 220 844 520 1 139 773 008 1 042 482 187 1954Zhuang Zhuang ZH 壮族 Zhuangzu 1 3801 19 568 546 16 926 381 16 187 163 15 489 630 1954Uyghur Uygur UG 维吾尔族 Weiwu erzu 0 8352 11 774 538 10 069 346 8 405 416 7 214 431 1954Hui2 Hui HU 回族 Huizu 0 8070 11 377 914 10 586 087 9 828 126 8 602 978 1954Miao3 Miao MH 苗族 Miaozu 0 7851 11 067 929 9 426 007 8 945 538 7 398 035 1954Manchu Man MA 满族 Mǎnzu 0 7394 10 423 303 10 387 958 10 708 464 9 821 180 1954Yi Yi YI 彝族 Yizu 0 6973 9 830 327 8 714 393 7 765 858 6 572 173 1954Tujia Tujia TJ 土家族 Tǔjiazu 0 6801 9 587 732 8 353 912 8 037 014 5 704 223 1964Tibetan4 Zang ZA 藏族 Zangzu 0 5008 7 060 731 6 282 187 5 422 954 4 593 330 1954Mongolian Mongol MG 蒙古族 Menggǔzu 0 4461 6 290 204 5 981 840 5 827 808 4 806 849 1954Kazakh Kazak KZ 哈萨克族 Hasakezu 0 4108 5 000 000 4 447 588 4 251 023 3 111 718 1954Bouyei Bouyei BY 布依族 Buyizu 0 2537 3 576 752 2 870 034 2 973 217 2 545 059 1954Dong5 Dong DO 侗族 Dongzu 0 2480 3 495 993 2 879 974 2 962 911 2 514 014 1954Yao Yao YA 瑶族 Yaozu 0 2347 3 309 341 2 796 003 2 638 878 2 134 013 1954Bai Bai BA 白族 Baizu 0 1484 2 091 543 1 933 510 1 861 895 1 594 827 1954Hani6 Hani HN 哈尼族 Hanizu 0 1229 1 733 166 1 660 932 1 440 029 1 253 952 1954Korean Chosŏn CS 朝鲜族 Chaoxiǎnzu 0 1207 1 702 479 1 830 929 1 929 696 1 920 597 1954Li Li LI 黎族 Lizu 0 1136 1 602 104 1 463 064 1 248 022 1 110 900 1954Dai7 Dai DA 傣族 Dǎizu 0 0943 1 329 985 1 261 311 1 159 231 1 025 128 1954Lisu Lisu LS 傈僳族 Lisuzu 0 0541 762 296 702 839 635 101 574 856 1954She She SH 畲族 Shezu 0 0529 746 385 708 651 710 039 630 378 1964Dongxiang Dongxiang DX 东乡族 Dōngxiangzu 0 0550 774 947 621 500 513 826 373 872 1954Gelao Gelao GL 仡佬族 Gelǎozu 0 0481 677 521 550 746 579 744 437 997 1964Lahu Lahu LH 拉祜族 Lahuzu 0 0354 499 167 485 966 453 765 411 476 1954Sui Sui SU 水族 Shuǐzu 0 0352 495 928 411 847 407 000 345 993 1954Wa Wa WA 佤族 Wǎzu 0 0306 430 997 429 709 396 709 351 974 1954Nakhi8 Naxi NX 纳西族 Naxizu 0 0230 323 767 326 295 309 477 278 009 1954Qiang Qiang QI 羌族 Qiangzu 0 0222 312 981 309 576 306 476 198 252 1954Tu Tu TU 土族 Tǔzu 0 0200 281 928 289 565 241 593 191 624 1954Mulao9 Mulao ML 仫佬族 Mulǎozu 0 0197 277 233 216 257 207 464 159 328 1964Kyrgyz Kirgiz KG 柯尔克孜族 Ke erkezizu 0 0145 204 402 186 708 160 875 141 549 1954Xibe Xibe XB 锡伯族 Xibozu 0 0136 191 911 190 481 189 357 172 847 1954Salar Salar SL 撒拉族 Salazu 0 0117 165 159 130 607 104 521 87 697 1954Jingpo10 Jingpo JP 景颇族 Jǐngpōzu 0 0114 160 471 147 828 132 158 119 209 1954Daur Daur DU 达斡尔族 Dawo erzu 0 0094 132 299 131 992 132 747 121 357 1964Blang Blang BL 布朗族 Bulǎngzu 0 0090 127 345 119 639 91 891 82 280 1964Maonan11 Maonan MN 毛南族 Maonanzu 0 0088 124 092 101 192 107 184 71 968 1964Tajik12 Tajik TA 塔吉克族 Tǎjikezu 0 0036 50 896 51 069 41 056 33 538 1954Pumi Pumi PM 普米族 Pǔmǐzu 0 0032 45 012 42 861 33 628 29 657 1964Achang Achang AC 阿昌族 Achangzu 0 0031 43 775 39 555 33 954 27 708 1964Nu Nu NU 怒族 Nuzu 0 0026 36 575 37 523 28 770 27 123 1964Evenki Ewenki EW 鄂温克族 Ewenkezu 0 0025 34 617 30 875 30 545 26 315 1954Vietnamese13 Gin GI 京族 Jingzu 0 0024 33 112 28 199 22 584 18 915 1964Jino Jino JN 基诺族 Jinuozu 0 0018 26 025 23 143 20 899 18 021 1979Bonan Bonan BO 保安族 Bǎo anzu 0 0017 24 434 20 074 16 505 12 212 1954De ang14 Deang DE 德昂族 De angzu 0 0016 22 354 20 556 17 935 15 462 1964Russian Russ RS 俄罗斯族 Eluosizu 0 0011 16 136 15 393 15 631 13 504 1954Yugur Yugur YG 裕固族 Yuguzu 0 0010 14 706 14 378 13 747 12 297 1954Uzbek Uzbek UZ 乌孜别克族 Wuzibiekezu 0 0009 12 742 10 569 12 423 14 502 1954Monba Monba MB 门巴族 Menbazu 0 0008 11 143 10 561 8 928 7 475 1964Oroqen Oroqen OR 鄂伦春族 Elunchunzu 0 0007 9 168 8 659 8 216 6 965 1954Derung Derung DR 独龙族 Dulongzu 0 0005 7 310 6 930 7 431 5 816 1964Hezhen15 Hezhen HZ 赫哲族 Hezhezu 0 0004 5 373 5 354 4 664 4 245 1964Lhoba Lhoba LB 珞巴族 Luobazu 0 0003 4 237 3 682 2 970 2 312 1965Tatars Tatar TT 塔塔尔族 Tǎtǎ erzu 0 0003 3 544 3 556 4 895 4 873 1954Gaoshan16 Gaoshan GS 高山族 Gaoshanzu 0 0002 3 479 4 009 4 488 2 909 1954Undistinguished none 未识别民族 Wei Shibie Minzu 0 0593 836 488 640 101 734 438 749 341 Naturalized Citizen none 外国人加入中国籍 Waiguoren Jiaru Zhōngguoji 0 0012 16 595 1 448 941 3 421 AGB 3304 91 Names of ethnicities of China in romanization with codes 5 BThe population only includes mainland China CFor ethnic groups officially recognised in 1964 or earlier this is the year of first inclusion in the national census which were in 1954 6 and 1964 7 1Also included are the Chuanqing 2Also includes Utsuls of Hainan descended from Cham refugees 3One subset of which is also known as Hmong and other include Hmu Xong and A Hmao Some of the related languages and groups of peoples are not necessarily classified under the Miao umbrella which makes this term somewhat vague 4including Amdowa and Khampa as well as roughly half of Pumi speakers the remainder of whom are classified as a separate Pumi ethnicity 5Also known as Kam 6Also included are the Sangkong 7This category includes several different Tai speaking groups historically referred to as Bai yi in fact the Dai nationalities are speakers of Shan languages varieties for example Tai Lue and Tai Nuea peoples are actually Shan peoples subgroups Although that the speakers of Bumang are also included in this Dai nationality 8Also included are the Mosuo 9Also included are the Qago 木佬人 10Known as Kachin in Myanmar 11Also included are the Then 12They are not Tajik people but Pamiri people 13The same group as Vietnamese or Kinh people in Sino Vietnamese 14Known as Palaung in Myanmar 15The same group as Nanai on the Russian side of the border 16A collective name for all Taiwanese aborigine groups in Taiwan In fact the numbers of Gaoshan in census covers only those who lives in mainland China mainly in Fujian and consists of Amis autonym Pangcah Paiwan and Bunun peoplesTaiwanese aborigines EditMain article Taiwanese indigenous peoples The People s Republic of China government officially refers to all Taiwanese aborigines Chinese 原住民族 pinyin Yuanzhuminzu as Gaoshan Chinese 高山族 pinyin Gaoshanzu whereas the Republic of China Taiwan recognizes 16 groups of Taiwanese aborigines The term Gaoshan has a different connotation in Taiwan than it does in mainland China Unrecognized ethnic minority groups EditMain article Unrecognized ethnic groups in China Part of a poster in Beijing showing the 56 ethnic groups of ChinaThis is a list of ethnic groups in China that are not officially recognized by the government of the People s Republic of China Aynu 艾努人 Ainǔren Altaians Oirots are classified as Mongols 8 Fuyu Kyrgyz are classified as Kyrgyz Gejia 家人 Gejiaren Bajia 八甲人 Bajiǎren Deng 僜人 Dengren Hu 户人 Huren Khmu 克木人 Kemuren Kucong Yellow Lahu Lahu Shi 苦聪人 苦聰人 Kǔcōngren Mang 芒人 Mangren Ili Turks 土尔克人 土爾克人 Sherpas 夏尔巴人 夏爾巴人 Xia erbaren Tankas 疍家人 蜑家人 Danjiaren including Fuzhou Tanka Tebbu 迭部人 Dieburen Tuvans 图瓦人 Tuwǎren are considered part of the Mongol ethnicity 9 Waxiang 瓦乡人 Wǎxiang ren Jews 犹太人 猶太人 Youtairen Jewish people of China and Jews in general Macanese 土生葡人 Tǔsheng puren mixed race Catholic Portuguese speakers who lived in Macau since 16th century of various ethnic origins Utsuls 回辉人 Huihuiren descendants of Cham Muslims who fled Vietnamese invasions of ChampaDuring the Fifth National Population Census of the People s Republic of China 2000 734 438 persons in the Chinese mainland 97 of them in Guizhou were specifically recorded as belonging to Undistinguished ethnic groups 10 Presumably other members of such groups may have been counted within larger recognized groups Ethnic groups in Hong Kong and Macau EditSee also Demographics of Hong Kong and Demographics of Macau Hong Kong and Macau are special administrative regions of the People s Republic of China The governments of Hong Kong and Macau do not use the official PRC ethnic classification system nor does the PRC s official classification system take ethnic groups in Hong Kong and Macau into account Minority groups such as Western Europeans mainly English and Portuguese and Southern or Southeastern Asians mainly Filipinos Indians Indonesians Nepalese and Pakistanis live in Hong Kong Gallery Edit Han Zhuang Manchu Hui Miao Uyghur Tujia Yi MongolSee also Edit China portalAffirmative action in China Demographics of China Demographics of Taiwan Taiwanese people Ethnic minorities in China Han Chinese subgroups Hua Yi distinction Languages of China List of endangered languages in China Kra Dai ethnic groups in China Taiwanese indigenous peoples Unrecognized ethnic groups in China Zhonghua minzuReferences Edit Han Chinese proportion in China s population drops census data Xinhua News English 28 April 2011 Archived from the original on 11 July 2016 Retrieved 1 September 2015 index www stats gov cn Expats in China Nationalities and in which cities they settle 胡鸿保 张丽梅 2009 民族识别原则的变化与民族人口 Changes in Ethnic Identification Principles and Ethnic Population Southwest University for Nationalities University Press in Chinese 4 GB 3304 91 Names of nationalities of China in romanization with codes Archived 2009 11 01 at the Wayback Machine First National Population Census of the People s Republic of China Second National Population Census of the People s Republic of China Olson James S 1998 Altai An Ethnohistorical Dictionary of China Westport Conn Greenwood Press pp 9 11 ISBN 0 313 28853 4 Mongush M V 1996 Tuvans of Mongolia and China International Journal of Central Asian Studies 1 225 243 第五次人口普查数据 2000年 表1 6 省 自治区 直辖市分性别 民族的人口 Fifth National Population Census of the People s Republic of China 2000 Table 1 6 Population of provinces autonomous regions and municipalities by ethnicity in Chinese Further reading EditOlson James S 1998 An Ethnohistorical Dictionary of China Westport Conn Greenwood Press ISBN 0 313 28853 4 Schwars Henry G 1984 The Minorities of Northern China A Survey External links Edit Wikimedia Commons has media related to Ethnic groups in China Chinese ethnic odyssey collection of articles from the People s Daily Family album of Chinese 56 ethnic groups nytimes com Map share of ethnic by county of China Map share of dominate ethnic by county of China Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title List of ethnic groups in China amp oldid 1171145675, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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