Düsseldorf Airport

Düsseldorf Airport (German: Flughafen Düsseldorf, pronounced [ˌfluːkhaːfn̩ ˈdʏsl̩dɔʁf]; until March 2013 Düsseldorf International Airport; IATA: DUS, ICAO: EDDL) is the international airport of Düsseldorf, the capital of the German state of North Rhine-Westphalia. It is about 7 kilometres (4 mi) north of downtown Düsseldorf, and some 20 kilometres (12 mi) south-west of Essen in the Rhine-Ruhr area, Germany's largest metropolitan area.

Düsseldorf Airport Flughafen Düsseldorf
IATA: DUS ICAO: EDDL
Summary
Airport type	Public
Owner/Operator	Flughafen Düsseldorf GmbH
Serves	Rhine-Ruhr
Location	Düsseldorf-Lohausen
Hub for	Eurowings
Focus city for	Condor Corendon Airlines SunExpress TUI fly Deutschland
Elevation AMSL	44.8 m / 147 ft
Coordinates	51°17′22″N 006°46′00″E / 51.28944°N 6.76667°E / 51.28944; 6.76667Coordinates: 51°17′22″N 006°46′00″E / 51.28944°N 6.76667°E / 51.28944; 6.76667
Website	dus.com
Map
DUS Location in North Rhine-Westphalia Show map of North Rhine-Westphalia DUS DUS (Germany) Show map of Germany DUS DUS (Europe) Show map of Europe
Runways
Direction Length Surface m ft 05R/23L 3,000 9,843 Concrete 05L/23R 2,700 8,859 Concrete
Statistics (2022)
Passengers 16,071,936 Aircraft movements 140,598 Cargo (metric tons) 23,707
Sources: Flughafenverband ADV^[1], AIP at German air traffic control.^[2]

Düsseldorf is the fourth largest airport in Germany and handled almost 8 million passengers in 2021.^[3] It is a hub for Eurowings and a focus city for several more airlines. The airport has three passenger terminals and two runways and can handle wide-body aircraft up to the Airbus A380.^[4]

Overview

Usage

Düsseldorf Airport is the largest and primary airport for the Rhine-Ruhr metropolitan region – the largest metropolitan region in Germany and among the largest metropolitan areas of the world.^[5] The airport is located in Düsseldorf-Lohausen. The largest nearby business centres are Düsseldorf and Essen; other cities within a 20-kilometre (12 mi) radius are Duisburg, Krefeld, Mülheim an der Ruhr, Neuss, and Wuppertal. The airport extends over a compact 6.13 square kilometres (2.37 sq mi) of land – small in comparison to airports of a similar capacity, but also a reason for Düsseldorf being known as an airport of short distances.^{[clarification needed]} The airport has more than 18,200 employees.

With around 16 million passengers passing through in 2022,^[6] the airport was just the fourth busiest in Germany, after Frankfurt Airport, Munich Airport and Berlin Brandenburg Airport. Düsseldorf took a huge drop in the List of the busiest airports in Europe, being only number 31 behind Pulkovo Airport.

Ownership

The city of Düsseldorf owns half the airport, with the other half owned by various commercial entitites, including ARI which is itself owned by the Irish Government. Düsseldorf Airport is a public–private partnership with the following owners:

• 50% city of Düsseldorf
• 50% Airport Partners GmbH (owners: 40% AviAlliance GmbH, 40% Aer Rianta International cpt, 20% AviC GmbH & Co. KGaA)

History

Early years

 

An Alitalia Caravelle at Düsseldorf Airport in 1973

The current airport was opened on 19 April 1927, after two years of construction. The first international route was inaugurated by SABENA in 1929 between Brussels, Antwerp, Düsseldorf and Hamburg.^[7]

At the beginning of World War II civil use of the airport ceased in September 1939 and the airfield was used by the military.^[7] After the end of the war the airport reopened for civil use in 1948. With the area under British administration, the first international flights were operated by British European Airways to London.^[7]

Since 1950, the airport is owned by a state-owned operations company.^[7]

On 1 April 1955, Lufthansa started services between Düsseldorf, Frankfurt am Main and Munich,^[7] which still exist today. In 1959, the first scheduled jet aircraft landed in Düsseldorf on Scandinavian Airlines' route Copenhagen-Khartoum.^[7] In 1961, LTU relocated its home base from Cologne Bonn Airport and in the same year, Düsseldorf Airport handled more than 1 million passengers for the first time.^[7]

In 1969 the main runway was lengthened to 3000 metres while a new second terminal was under construction.^[7] The new Terminal 2, which is today's Terminal B, opened in April 1973.^[7] Another addition, today's Terminal A, was opened already in 1977^[7] while the last annex, Terminal C, opened in 1986.^[7]

Düsseldorf Airport fire

 

Reconstruction in progress in 1999 after the Düsseldorf Airport fire

On 11 April 1996, the Düsseldorf Airport fire, which is the worst structural airport fire worldwide to date, broke out. It was caused by welding work on an elevated road in front of Terminal A above its arrivals area. Insufficient structural fire protection allowed the fire and especially the smoke to spread fast, so these destroyed large parts of the passenger areas of the airport. Seventeen people died, mostly due to smoke inhalation, with many more hospitalised. At the time, the fire was the biggest public disaster in the history of North Rhine-Westphalia. Damage to the airport was estimated to be in the hundreds of millions, Terminals A and B had to be completely reconstructed. While repairs were ongoing, passengers were housed in big tents.^[8]

In November 1997, Terminal C was completely redeveloped, with three lightweight construction halls serving as departure areas. Also in 1997 construction began on the new inter-city railway station at the eastern edge of the airport. In 1998 the rebuilt Terminal A was reopened and the airport changed its name from "Rhine Ruhr Airport" to "Düsseldorf International". Reconstruction of the central building and Terminal B began in the same year.^[9]

Development since the 2000s

 

Several LTU Airbus A330-300s at their Düsseldorf base in 2003

The first construction stage in the "Airport 2000+" programme commenced in 1998 with the laying of a foundation stone for an underground parking garage under the new terminal.^[10]

The new Düsseldorf Airport station was opened in May 2000, with the capacity of 300 train departures daily. Sixteen million passengers used the airport that year; Düsseldorf is now the third-biggest airport in Germany. The new departures hall and Terminal B were opened in July 2001 after 2½ years of construction time; the rebuilt Gebäude Ost (East Building) was reopened.

In 2002, the inter-terminal shuttle bus service was replaced by the suspended monorail called the SkyTrain connecting the terminal building with the InterCity train station. The monorail travels the 2.5 kilometres (1.6 mi) between the terminal and station at a maximum speed of 50 kilometres per hour (31 mph). The system was developed by Siemens and is based on the similar H-Bahn operating with two lines on Dortmund university campus.

On 12 November 2006, the first Airbus A380 landed in Düsseldorf as part of a Lufthansa promotional flight.

In March 2013, the Airport received a new corporate design and dropped the phrase International from its official name.^[11]

In January 2015, Emirates announced it will schedule the Airbus A380 on one of their two daily flights from Dubai to Düsseldorf starting in July 2015.^[12] In May 2015, the airport finished construction of the new facilities needed to handle the A380, including a parking position with three jet-bridges, widened taxiways and new ground handling equipment.^[4]

In June 2015, Lufthansa announced the closure its long-haul base at Düsseldorf Airport for economic reasons by October 2015. The base consisted of two Airbus A340-300s which served Newark and Chicago-O'Hare. Newark remained a year-round service which is operated in a W-pattern from Munich Airport (Munich - Newark - Düsseldorf - Newark - Munich) while the Chicago service was suspended for the winter 2015/2016 season.^[13] A few months later, Lufthansa announced the cancellation of the Düsseldorf-Chicago route.^[14] The same route has been served by American Airlines during the summer seasons from 2013^[15] to 2016, when it was discontinued.^[16]

In January 2017, the airport's largest hub operator Air Berlin announced a massive downsizing of its operations due to restructuring measures. While some leisure routes were handed to Niki more than a dozen destinations have been cancelled entirely.^[17] In August 2017, Air Berlin also announced the termination of all long-haul routes from Düsseldorf to destinations in the Caribbean on short notice due to the ongoing bankruptcy proceedings.^[18] However, both Condor and Eurowings announced it would step in and start some of the terminated Caribbean destinations by themselves.^[19][20] Shortly after, Air Berlin also announced the termination of all remaining long-haul operations leading to the loss of several connections to the United States at Düsseldorf Airport.^[21] On 9 October 2017, Air Berlin announced the termination of all of its own operations, excluding wetleases, by the end of the month^[22][23] leading to the loss of one of the airport's largest customers.

In February 2018, Eurowings announced the relocatation of all long-haul routes currently served from Cologne Bonn Airport to Düsseldorf by late October 2018 to strengthen their presence there.^[24]

In March 2018, Lufthansa announced it would to close its base at Düsseldorf Airport after the 2018/2019 winter schedule which ended in March 2019. When the single remaining long-haul route to Newark was taken over by Eurowings, 400 staff members were offered a relocation to either Frankfurt Airport or Munich Airport.^[25][26] In November 2018, Ryanair also announced they would close their base in Düsseldorf after only a year. Their routes were taken over by Lauda.^[27]

In August 2020, Delta Air Lines removed the Atlanta route from their schedule due to the COVID-19 pandemic.^[28] It is going to resume its three-times-weekly service to and from Atlanta on May 9, 2023, albeit making the route to Düsseldorf summer seasonal only, therefore leaving the airport without any transatlantic connection in winter season.^[29]

Shortly after Delta Air Lines suspended its Atlanta route, Ryanair announced the closure of its base in Düsseldorf - which has been operated on a wetlease basis by Lauda - by 24 October 2020.^[30] In September 2020, Singapore Airlines permanently removed the route to Singapore from their schedule.^[31]

In autumn of 2022, german airline Sundair drastically reduced its operations from Düsseldorf, leaving a single route to Beirut. The two previously based aircraft were relocated. In January 2023 it became public that Sundair would not return to Düsseldorf in summer season of 2023 with any flight, eradicating its former base from the network.^[32][33]

Facilities

Terminals

 

The terminal buildings

 

The main check-in hall

Düsseldorf Airport has three terminals connected by a central spine, even though the terminals are essentially concourses within a single terminal building. The current terminal buildings are capable of handling up to 22 million passengers per year.

Terminal A

Terminal A was opened in 1977 and has 16 gates (A01–A16) used by Lufthansa and Eurowings, its airline partners and Star Alliance members, Austrian Airlines, Croatia Airlines, LOT Polish Airlines, Scandinavian Airlines, TAP Air Portugal, and Swiss International Air Lines. Terminal A houses two Lufthansa lounges. It was refurbished fundamentally for two years after the 1996 fire.

Terminal B

Terminal B was originally inaugurated in 1973 and has 11 gates (B01–B11) used for domestic and EU-flights by a few Star Alliance members such as Aegean Airlines, but mainly by SkyTeam and Oneworld members like Air France, British Airways, KLM, Finnair, Iberia and ITA Airways. Also located within this terminal are leisure carriers such as TUIfly and Condor. Terminal B houses an observation deck and one contract lounge.^[34] After the fire in 1996 the whole terminal building was torn down and reconstructed. It was reopened in 2001.

Terminal C

Terminal C was opened in 1986 and has 8 gates (C01–C08) used exclusively for non-Schengen-flights by non-Star Alliance airlines (except Turkish Airlines). These are long-haul flights – among others – by Emirates and Etihad Airways. Terminal C has a direct access to Airport City's Maritim Hotel, part of a German hotel chain, and houses lounges operated by the airport and Emirates. Terminal C was the least affected Terminal after the fire in 1996. It was still reopened in 1996 after intensive maintenance works. Thus it was the only usable Terminal at Düsseldorf Airport for a couple of years. Terminal C features the airport's only parking position equipped with three jet-bridges to handle the Airbus A380.^[12]

Executive Terminal

Jet Aviation operates a small terminal solely for private and corporate customers.

Runways and apron

Düsseldorf has two runways, which are 3,000 metres (9,843 ft) and 2,700 metres (8,858 ft) long. There are plans to extend the 3,000-metre (9,843 ft) runway to 3,600 metres (11,811 ft), but the town of Ratingen has been blocking the expansion, as it lies within the approach path of the runway. 107 aircraft parking positions are available on the aprons.

Airport City

Since 2003, an area of 23 hectares (57 acres) south-west of the airport terminal has been under redevelopment as Düsseldorf Airport City with an anticipated gross floor area of 250,000 square metres (2,700,000 sq ft) to be completed by 2016. Already based at Düsseldorf Airport City are corporate offices of Siemens and VDI, a large Porsche centre and showroom, a Maritim Hotel^[35] and Congress Centre and a Sheraton Hotel. Messe Düsseldorf is situated in close proximity to Düsseldorf Airport City (some 500 m or 1,600 ft).

Airlines and destinations

The following airlines offer regular scheduled and charter flights at Düsseldorf Airport:^[36]

Airlines	Destinations
Aegean Airlines	Athens, Thessaloniki Seasonal: Heraklion^[37]
Aer Lingus	Dublin
Air Albania	Seasonal: Tirana^[38]
airBaltic	Riga
Air Cairo	Hurghada, Marsa Alam, Sharm El Sheikh
Air France	Paris–Charles de Gaulle
Air Serbia	Belgrade
AnadoluJet	Antalya,^[39] Istanbul–Sabiha Gökçen Seasonal: Ankara
Austrian Airlines	Vienna
British Airways	London–City, London–Heathrow
Condor^[40]^[41]	Fuerteventura, Funchal, Gran Canaria, Hurghada, La Palma, Lanzarote, Palma de Mallorca, Sulaymaniyah, Tenerife–South Seasonal: Agadir (resumes 2 November 2023),^[42] Alicante (begins 12 May 2023),^[43] Almería (begins 12 May 2023),^[44] Antalya (resumes 12 May 2023),^[45] Athens, Beirut,^[46] Chania, Corfu, Faro (begins 13 May 2023),^[43] Heraklion, Jerez de la Frontera, Karpathos, Kavala, Kefalonia,^[47] Kos, Lamezia Terme, Larnaca,^[48] Málaga,^[49] Nice,^[49] Olbia, Preveza/Lefkada, Rhodes, Rijeka, Samos, Skiathos, Split, Zakynthos Seasonal charter: Abu Dhabi,^[50] Bridgetown,^[51] Dubai Al-Maktoum,^[50] Fort-de-France,^[51] Montego Bay,^[51] Pristina, Punta Cana
Corendon Airlines^[52]	Antalya,^[53] Fuerteventura,^[53] Gran Canaria,^[53] Hurghada, Tenerife–South^[53] Seasonal: Adana,^[54] Ankara,^[54] Corfu,^[53] Heraklion, İzmir,^[54] Kayseri,^[54] Kos (begins 3 May 2023),^[55] Lanzarote, Larnaca, Marsa Alam,^[56] Nador, Palma de Mallorca,^[53] Rhodes, Samsun,^[54] Trabzon,^[54] Zonguldak^[56]
Croatia Airlines	Seasonal: Split
Delta Air Lines	Seasonal: Atlanta (resumes 9 May 2023)^[57]^[58]
Egyptair	Cairo^[59]
Emirates	Dubai–International^[60]
Etihad Airways	Abu Dhabi (resumes 1 October 2023)^[61]^[62]
European Air Charter	Seasonal charter: Burgas, Varna
Eurowings^[63]	Agadir, Alicante, Athens, Barcelona, Beirut, Belgrade, Bergamo, Berlin, Bilbao, Birmingham, Bologna, Bucharest, Budapest, Catania, Copenhagen, Dresden, Dublin, Edinburgh, Erbil, Faro, Florence, Fuerteventura, Funchal, Geneva, Gothenburg, Gran Canaria, Graz, Hamburg, Ibiza, Kraków, Lanzarote, Larnaca, Lisbon, London–Heathrow, Lyon, Manchester, Marsa Alam,^[64] Milan–Malpensa, Munich, Naples, Newcastle upon Tyne, Nice, Oslo (begins 29 May 2023),^[65] Palma de Mallorca, Prague, Pristina, Reykjavík–Keflávik, Rome–Fiumicino, Salzburg, Sofia, Split, Stockholm–Arlanda, Sylt, Tbilisi, Tenerife–South, Thessaloniki, Tromsø, Valencia, Venice, Vienna, Wrocław, Yerevan (begins 29 May 2023),^[66] Zagreb, Zürich Seasonal: Adana (begins 25 June 2023),^[67] Bari, Bastia, Bergen (begins 14 May 2023),^[68] Brindisi, Cagliari, Chania, Corfu, Dubrovnik, Heraklion, Izmir, Jersey, Kalamata, Kavala, Kittilä,^[69] Kiruna,^[63]Kütahya, Lamezia Terme, La Palma, Luleå,^[63] Málaga, Malta (begins 27 May 2023),^[70] Marrakesh, Menorca, Mykonos, Newquay, Olbia, Porto, Pula, Rijeka, Rhodes, Rovaniemi, Samos, Samsun (begins 22 June 2023),^[71] Santorini, Tangier (begins 20 June 2023),^[70] Tirana, Tivat, Varna, Verona (begins 13 May 2023),^[72] Volos, Zadar, Zakynthos
Finnair	Helsinki
FlyErbil	Erbil, Sulaimaniyah
FlyOne	Chișinău,^[73] Yerevan (begins 18 May 2023)
Freebird Airlines	Seasonal: Antalya, Hurghada^[74]
Iberia	Madrid
Iraqi Airways	Baghdad, Erbil
ITA Airways	Milan–Linate^[75]
KLM	Amsterdam
LOT Polish Airlines	Warsaw–Chopin
Lufthansa	Frankfurt, Munich
Marabu	Seasonal: Heraklion (begins 22 May 2023)^[76]
Middle East Airlines	Beirut
Nile Air	Seasonal: Cairo^[77]
Norwegian Air Shuttle	Oslo
Nouvelair	Seasonal: Djerba, Monastir, Tunis
Pegasus Airlines	Ankara, Gaziantep, Istanbul–Sabiha Gökçen, Izmir, Kayseri, Samsun Seasonal: Antalya, Kutahya^[78]
Play	Seasonal: Reykjavík–Keflávik (begins 8 June 2023)^[79]
Qatar Airways	Doha^[80]
Royal Air Maroc	Seasonal: Nador, Oujda (begins 28 June 2023)^[81]
Royal Jordanian	Amman–Queen Alia (begins 23 September 2023)^[82]
Scandinavian Airlines	Copenhagen, Oslo, Stockholm–Arlanda
SkyAlps	Bolzano
SunExpress^[83]	Adana, Ankara, Antalya, Diyarbakır, Elazığ, Gaziantep, Izmir, Kayseri, Samsun, Trabzon Seasonal: Bodrum, Dalaman, Edremit, Eskişehir, Hatay,^[84] Konya, Kütahya, Malatya, Ordu–Giresun, Zonguldak^[84]
Swiss International Air Lines	Zürich
Tailwind Airlines	Seasonal charter: Antalya^[citation needed]
TAP Air Portugal	Lisbon
TUI fly Deutschland^[85]	Boa Vista, Dakar–Diass,^[86]^[87] Fuerteventura, Gran Canaria, Hurghada, Lanzarote, Marsa Alam, Sal, Tenerife–South Seasonal: Corfu, Dalaman, Enfidha, Faro, Funchal, Heraklion, Ibiza, Jerez de la Frontera, Kos, Larnaca, Luxor,^[88] Menorca, Palma de Mallorca, Patras, Rhodes
Tunisair	Djerba, Monastir, Tunis
Turkish Airlines	Istanbul Seasonal: Adana, Ankara, Antalya, Diyarbakır, Gaziantep, Izmir, Kayseri, Ordu/Giresun, Samsun, Trabzon
Tus Airways	Tel Aviv^[89]^[90]
Ukraine International Airlines	Kyiv–Boryspil (suspended)
Volotea	Bordeaux (begins 26 May 2023)^[91]
Vueling	Barcelona Seasonal: Florence (begins 16 June 2023)^[92]

Statistics

 

Apron overview

 

Control tower

Passengers and freight

Annual passenger traffic at DUS airport. See Wikidata query.

	Passengers	Movements	Freight (in t)
2000	16.03 million	194,016	59,361
2001	15.40 million	193,514	51,441
2002	14.75 million	190,300	46,085
2003	14.30 million	186,159	48,419
2004	15.26 million	200,584	86,267
2005	15.51 million	200,619	88,058
2006	16.59 million	215,481	97,000
2007	17.83 million	227,899	89,281
2008	18.15 million	228,531	90,100
2009	17.79 million	214,024	76,916
2010	18.98 million	215,540	87,995
2011	20.39 million	221,668	81,521
2012	20.80 million	210,298	86,820
2013	21.23 million	210,828	110,814
2014	21.85 million	210,732	114,180
2015	22.48 million	210,208	90,862
2016	23.52 million	217,575	93,689
2017	24.62 million	221,635	102,107
2018	24.28 million	218,820	75,030
2019	25.51 million	-	-
2020
2021
2022	16.07 million	140,598	23,707
^Source: ADV German Airports Association^[93]

Busiest routes

Busiest domestic and international routes
to and from Düsseldorf Airport (2018)

Rank	Destination	Passengers handled
1	Palma de Mallorca	1,495,562
2	Munich	1,419,069
3	Berlin	1,197,615
4	Istanbul	1,068,462
5	London	895,346
6	Antalya	848,617
7	Vienna	735,520
8	Zürich	732,520
9	Dubai	532,407
10	Hamburg	525,614

Source: Düsseldorf Airport^[94]

Largest airlines

Largest airlines by passengers handled
at Düsseldorf Airport (2018)

Rank	Airline	Passengers handled
1	Eurowings/Germanwings	8.3m
2	Lufthansa	1.7m
3	Condor	1.6m
4	TUIfly	992,000
5	SunExpress	728,000

Source: Düsseldorf Airport^[95]

Ground transportation

 

Monorail Sky Train

 

Düsseldorf Airport station

Train

Main article: Düsseldorf Airport station

Düsseldorf Airport has two railway stations:

• The S-Bahn station, Düsseldorf Airport Terminal station located below the terminal. It is served by the S11 suburban line, which has its northern terminus there.
• The main station, 2.5 km from the terminal, is served by all other categories of railway, including ICE high-speed trains. A fully automatic suspended monorail called SkyTrain connects this station to the airport parking areas and the passenger terminals and also serves as an inter-terminal connection.

Road

The airport can be reached via its own motorway section which is part of the motorway A44 (Belgium – Kassel, Exit Düsseldorf-Flughafen) which also connects to motorways A52, A57 and A3. There are also several local bus lines connecting the airport with nearby areas and Düsseldorf city center.^[96]

Other facilities

• Düsseldorf Airport had the headquarters of Air Berlin's technical training facilities and also served as one of their maintenance bases.^[97]
• When LTU International existed, its head office was in Halle 8 at Düsseldorf Airport.^[98]
• The corporate head office of Blue Wings was also located in Terminal A at the airport.^[99][100]

Incidents and accidents

• On 22 December 1955, a Manx Airlines Douglas C-47 on a positioning flight crashed at DUS attempting a visual approach rather than an instrument landing system approach in low clouds. The aircraft descended too low and struck trees, crashing about three miles from the runway. All three occupants were killed.^[101]

• On 3 November 1957, a Karl Herfurtner Düsseldorf Douglas C-54 crashed into a residential area 4.5 km (2.8 mi) S of DUS after takeoff due to mismanagement of the flight by the chief pilot. There were six fatalities out of the 10 on board and one killed on the ground.^[102]

See also

• Transport in Germany
• Weeze Airport, an airport 80 km (50 mi) north-west from Düsseldorf, that is sometimes advertised by low-cost airlines as "Düsseldorf-Weeze" or "Weeze (Düsseldorf)". A German court ruled that naming the airport after Düsseldorf would be misleading to passengers; however, some airlines still use that name in advertisements outside Germany.

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External links

  Media related to Düsseldorf Airport at Wikimedia Commons

• Official website 6 November 2014 at the Wayback Machine
• Current weather for EDDL at NOAA/NWS
• Accident history for DUS at Aviation Safety Network