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Wikipedia

Siemens

Siemens AG (German pronunciation: [ˈziːməns] (listen)[3][4][5] or [-mɛns][5]) is a German multinational conglomerate corporation and the largest industrial manufacturing company in Europe[6] headquartered in Munich with branch offices abroad.

Siemens AG
Headquarters
TypePublic
FWB: SIE
DAX component
ISINDE0007236101
IndustryConglomerate
PredecessorsA. Reyrolle & Company
Siemens-Schuckert
Siemens-Reiniger-Werke
Founded1 October 1847; 175 years ago (1847-10-01)
Berlin, Kingdom of Prussia
FounderWerner von Siemens
HeadquartersMunich and Berlin, Germany[1]
Area served
Worldwide
Key people
Jim Hagemann Snabe
(Chairman)
Roland Busch
(CEO)
ProductsElectric generators, Transformers, Industrial and buildings automation, Medical equipment, Rolling stock, Water treatment systems, Fire alarms, PLM software, Marine engines, Diesel and gas engines, Electric motors, Pumps, Compressors, Gas turbines, Steam turbines, Industrial machines, Home appliances, Telecommunications equipment
ServicesBusiness services, financing, project engineering and construction
Revenue €62.265 billion (2021)[2]
€7.496 billion (2021)[2]
€6.697 billion (2021)[2]
Total assets €139.608 billion (2021)[2]
Total equity €49.274 billion (2021)[2]
OwnerSiemens family (6.9%)
Number of employees
303,000 (2021)[2]
Divisions
Websitewww.siemens.com

The principal divisions of the corporation are Industry, Energy, Healthcare (Siemens Healthineers), and Infrastructure & Cities, which represent the main activities of the corporation.[7][8][9] The corporation is a prominent maker of medical diagnostics equipment and its medical health-care division, which generates about 12 percent of the corporation's total sales, is its second-most profitable unit, after the industrial automation division. In this area, it is regarded as a pioneer and the company with the highest revenue in the world.[10][11] The corporation is a component of the Euro Stoxx 50 stock market index.[12] Siemens and its subsidiaries employ approximately 303,000 people worldwide and reported global revenue of around €62 billion in 2021[2] according to its earnings release.

History

1847 to 1901

Siemens & Halske was founded by Werner von Siemens and Johann Georg Halske on 1 October 1847. Based on the telegraph, their invention used a needle to point to the sequence of letters, instead of using Morse code. The company, then called Telegraphen-Bauanstalt von Siemens & Halske, opened its first workshop on 12 October.[13]

In 1848, the company built the first long-distance telegraph line in Europe; 500 km from Berlin to Frankfurt am Main. In 1850, the founder's younger brother, Carl Wilhelm Siemens, later Sir William Siemens, started to represent the company in London. The London agency became a branch office in 1858. In the 1850s, the company was involved in building long-distance telegraph networks in Russia. In 1855, a company branch headed by another brother, Carl Heinrich von Siemens, opened in St Petersburg, Russia. In 1867, Siemens completed the monumental Indo-European telegraph line stretching over 11,000 km from London to Calcutta.[14]

 
First electric locomotive, built in 1879 by company founder Werner von Siemens

In 1867, Werner von Siemens described a dynamo without permanent magnets.[15] A similar system was also independently invented by Ányos Jedlik and Charles Wheatstone, but Siemens became the first company to build such devices. In 1881, a Siemens AC Alternator driven by a watermill was used to power the world's first electric street lighting in the town of Godalming, United Kingdom. The company continued to grow and diversified into electric trains and light bulbs. In 1885, Siemens sold one of its generators to George Westinghouse, thereby enabling Westinghouse to begin experimenting with AC networks in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.

In 1887, Siemens opened its first office in Japan.[16] In 1890, the founder retired and left the running of the company to his brother Carl and sons Arnold and Wilhelm. In 1892, Siemens were contracted to construct the Hobart electric tramway in Tasmania, Australia as they increased their markets. The system opened in 1893 and became the first complete electric tram network in the Southern Hemisphere.[17]

1901 to 1933

 
The company built airplanes during World War I, for example this Siemens airplane in 1926.

Siemens & Halske (S & H) was incorporated in 1897, and then merged parts of its activities with Schuckert & Co., Nuremberg in 1903 to become Siemens-Schuckert. In 1907, Siemens (Siemens & Halske and Siemens-Schuckert) had 34,324 employees and was the seventh-largest company in the German empire by number of employees.[18] (see List of German companies by employees in 1907)

In 1919, S & H and two other companies jointly formed the Osram lightbulb company.[19]

 
British Siemens advertisement from the 1920s

During the 1920s and 1930s, S & H started to manufacture radios, television sets, and electron microscopes.[20]

In 1932, Reiniger, Gebbert & Schall (Erlangen), Phönix AG (Rudolstadt) and Siemens-Reiniger-Veifa mbH (Berlin) merged to form the Siemens-Reiniger-Werke AG (SRW), the third of the so-called parent companies that merged in 1966 to form the present-day Siemens AG.[21]

In the 1920s, Siemens constructed the Ardnacrusha Hydro Power station on the River Shannon in the then Irish Free State, and it was a world first for its design. The company is remembered for its desire to raise the wages of its under-paid workers only to be overruled by the Cumann na nGaedheal government.[22]

1933 to 1945

 
Prisoners around 1944 working at a Siemens factory in KZ Bobrek, a subcamp of Auschwitz concentration camp[23]
 
A Siemens truck being used as a Nazi public address vehicle in 1932

Siemens (at the time: Siemens-Schuckert) exploited the forced labour of deported people in extermination camps. The company owned a plant in Auschwitz concentration camp.[23][24]

 
Siemens Factory and Ravensbrück concentration camp

Siemens exploited the forced labour of women in the concentration camp of Ravensbrück. The factory was located in front of the camp.[25]

During the final years of World War II, numerous plants and factories in Berlin and other major cities were destroyed by Allied air raids. To prevent further losses, manufacturing was therefore moved to alternative places and regions not affected by the air war. The goal was to secure continued production of important war-related and everyday goods. According to records, Siemens was operating almost 400 alternative or relocated manufacturing plants at the end of 1944 and in early 1945.

In 1972, Siemens sued German satirist F.C. Delius for his satirical history of the company, Unsere Siemens-Welt, and it was determined much of the book contained false claims although the trial itself publicized Siemens' history in Nazi Germany.[26] The company supplied electrical parts to Nazi concentration camps and death camps. The factories had poor working conditions, where malnutrition and death were common. Also, the scholarship has shown that the camp factories were created, run, and supplied by the SS, in conjunction with company officials, sometimes high-level officials.[27][28][29][30]

1945 to 2001

In the 1950s, and from their new base in Bavaria, S&H started to manufacture computers, semiconductor devices, washing machines, and pacemakers.[citation needed] In 1966, Siemens & Halske (S&H, founded in 1847), Siemens-Schuckertwerke (SSW, founded in 1903) and Siemens-Reiniger-Werke (SRW, founded in 1932) merged to form Siemens AG.[31] In 1969, Siemens formed Kraftwerk Union with AEG by pooling their nuclear power businesses.[32]

 
A 1973 Siemens electron microscope on display at the Musée des Arts et Métiers in Paris

The company's first digital telephone exchange was produced in 1980, and in 1988, Siemens and GEC acquired the UK defence and technology company Plessey. Plessey's holdings were split, and Siemens took over the avionics, radar and traffic control businesses—as Siemens Plessey.[33]

 
Logo from 1973 to 1990

In 1977, Advanced Micro Devices (AMD) entered into a joint venture with Siemens, which wanted to enhance its technology expertise and enter the American market.[34] Siemens purchased 20% of AMD's stock, giving the company an infusion of cash to increase its product lines.[34][35][36] The two companies also jointly established Advanced Micro Computers (AMC), located in Silicon Valley and in Germany, allowing AMD to enter the microcomputer development and manufacturing field,[34][37][38][39] in particular based on AMD's second-source Zilog Z8000 microprocessors.[40][41] When the two companies' vision for Advanced Micro Computers diverged, AMD bought out Siemens' stake in the American division in 1979.[42][43] AMD closed Advanced Micro Computers in late 1981 after switching focus to manufacturing second-source Intel x86 microprocessors.[40][44][45]

In 1985, Siemens bought Allis-Chalmers' interest in the partnership company Siemens-Allis (formed 1978) which supplied electrical control equipment. It was incorporated into Siemens' Energy and Automation division.[46]

In 1987, Siemens reintegrated Kraftwerk Union, the unit overseeing nuclear power business.[32]

In 1989, Siemens bought the solar photovoltaic business, including 3 solar module manufacturing plants, from industry pioneer ARCO Solar, owned by oil firm ARCO.[47]

In 1991, Siemens acquired Nixdorf Computer AG and renamed it Siemens Nixdorf Informationssysteme AG, in order to produce personal computers.[48]

In October 1991, Siemens acquired the Industrial Systems Division of Texas Instruments, Inc, based in Johnson City, Tennessee. This division was organized as Siemens Industrial Automation, Inc.,[49] and was later absorbed by Siemens Energy and Automation, Inc.

In 1992, Siemens bought out IBM's half of ROLM (Siemens had bought into ROLM five years earlier), thus creating SiemensROLM Communications; eventually dropping ROLM from the name later in the 1990s.[50]

In 1993–1994, Siemens C651 electric trains for Singapore's Mass Rapid Transit (MRT) system were built in Austria.[citation needed]

In 1997, Siemens agreed to sell the defence arm of Siemens Plessey to British Aerospace (BAe) and a German aerospace company, DaimlerChrysler Aerospace. BAe and DASA acquired the British and German divisions of the operation respectively.[51]

In October 1997, Siemens Financial Services (SFS) was founded to act as a competence center for financing issues and as a manager of financial risks within Siemens.

In 1998, Siemens acquired Westinghouse Power Generation for more than $1.5 billion from the CBS Corporation and moving Siemens from third to second in the world power generation market.[52]

In 1999, Siemens' semiconductor operations were spun off into a new company called Infineon Technologies. Its Electromechanical Components operations were converted into a legally independent company: Siemens Electromechanical Components GmbH & Co. KG, (which, later that year, was sold to Tyco International Ltd for approximately $1.1 billion.[53]

In the same year, Siemens Nixdorf Informationssysteme AG became part of Fujitsu Siemens Computers AG, with its retail banking technology group becoming Wincor Nixdorf.[48]

In 2000, Shared Medical Systems Corporation[54] was acquired by the Siemens' Medical Engineering Group,[55] eventually becoming part of Siemens Medical Solutions.

Also in 2000, Atecs-Mannesman was acquired by Siemens,[56] The sale was finalised in April 2001 with 50% of the shares acquired, acquisition, Mannesmann VDO AG merged into Siemens Automotive forming Siemens VDO Automotive AG, Atecs Mannesmann Dematic Systems merged into Siemens Production and Logistics forming Siemens Dematic AG, Mannesmann Demag Delaval merged into the Power Generation division of Siemens AG.[57] Other parts of the company were acquired by Robert Bosch GmbH at the same time.[58] Also, Moore Products Co. of Spring House, PA USA was acquired by Siemens Energy & Automation, Inc.[59]

2001 to 2005

 
A Siemens Velaro high speed train in service on the Köln–Frankfurt high-speed rail line

In 2001, Chemtech Group of Brazil was incorporated into the Siemens Group;[60] it provides industrial process optimisation, consultancy and other engineering services.[61]

Also in 2001, Siemens formed joint venture Framatome with Areva SA of France by merging much of the companies' nuclear businesses.[32]

In 2002, Siemens sold some of its business activities to Kohlberg Kravis Roberts & Co. L.P. (KKR), with its metering business included in the sale package.[62]

In 2002, Siemens abandoned the solar photovoltaic industry by selling its participation in a joint-venture company, established in 2001 with Shell and E.ON, to Shell.[63]

In 2003, Siemens acquired the flow division of Danfoss and incorporated it into the Automation and Drives division.[64] Also in 2003 Siemens acquired IndX software (realtime data organisation and presentation).[65][66] The same year in an unrelated development Siemens reopened its office in Kabul.[67] Also in 2003 agreed to buy Alstom Industrial Turbines; a manufacturer of small, medium and industrial gas turbines for €1.1 billion.[68][69] On 11 February 2003, Siemens planned to shorten phones' shelf life by bringing out annual Xelibri lines, with new devices launched as spring -summer and autumn-winter collections.[70] On 6 March 2003, the company opened an office in San Jose.[71] On 7 March 2003, the company announced that it planned to gain 10 per cent of the mainland China market for handsets.[72] On 18 March 2003, the company unveiled the latest in its series of Xelibri fashion phones.[73]

In 2004, the wind energy company Bonus Energy in Brande, Denmark was acquired,[74][75] forming Siemens Wind Power division.[76] Also in 2004 Siemens invested in Dasan Networks (South Korea, broadband network equipment) acquiring ~40% of the shares,[77] Nokia Siemens disinvested itself of the shares in 2008.[78] The same year Siemens acquired Photo-Scan (UK, CCTV systems),[79] US Filter Corporation (water and Waste Water Treatment Technologies/ Solutions, acquired from Veolia),[80] Hunstville Electronics Corporation (automobile electronics, acquired from Chrysler),[81] and Chantry Networks (WLAN equipment).[82]

In 2005, Siemens sold the Siemens mobile manufacturing business to BenQ, forming the BenQ-Siemens division. Also in 2005 Siemens acquired Flender Holding GmbH (Bocholt, Germany, gears/industrial drives),[83] Bewator AB (building security systems),[84] Wheelabrator Air Pollution Control, Inc. (Industrial and power station dust control systems),[85] AN Windenergie GmbH. (Wind energy),[86] Power Technologies Inc. (Schenectady, USA, energy industry software and training),[87] CTI Molecular Imaging (Positron emission tomography and molecular imaging systems),[88][89] Myrio (IPTV systems),[citation needed] Shaw Power Technologies International Ltd (UK/USA, electrical engineering consulting, acquired from Shaw Group),[90][91] and Transmitton (Ashby de la Zouch UK, rail and other industry control and asset management).[92]

2005 and continuing: worldwide bribery scandal

Beginning in 2005, Siemens became embroiled in a multi-national bribery scandal.[93] One component of this scandal was the Siemens Greek bribery scandal over deals between Siemens and Greek government officials during the 2004 Summer Olympic Games.[94] Siemens' activities came under legal scrutiny when complaints from prosecutors in Italy, Liechtenstein and Switzerland led to German authorities opening investigations, followed by a US investigation in 2006 concerning their activities while listed on US stock exchanges.[95] The investigators found that bribing officials to win contracts was standard operating procedure.[95][96] Over that time period the company paid around $1.3 billion in bribes in many countries and kept separate books to hide them.[96] Settlement negotiations took place through most of 2008 with settlement terms announced in December 2008. The company paid a total of about $1.6 billion, around $800 million to the US and Germany each. This was the largest bribery fine in history, at the time. The company was also obligated to spend $1 billion on setting up and funding new internal compliance regimens.[95] Siemens pleaded guilty to violating accounting provisions of the Foreign Corrupt Practices Act; the parent company did not plead guilty to paying bribes (although its Bangladesh and Venezuela subsidiaries did[96]).

Fines were anticipated to be as high as $5 billion as the investigation unfolded.[97] Settlement negotiations took place through most of 2008 and when they were announced in December they were far less, driven in part by Siemens' cooperation, in part by the imminent change in US administrations (the Obama administration was about to take over from the Bush administration), and in part by the dependence of the US military on Siemens as a contractor.[95][97][96]

The company paid a total of about $1.6 billion, around $800 million in each of the US and Germany. This was the largest bribery fine in history, at the time. The money paid to Germany included a $270 million fine paid the year before (related to bribes in Nigeria[98]). The US payment included $450 million in fines and penalties and a forfeiture of $350 million in profits.[96] The company was also obligated to spend $1 billion on setting up and funding new internal compliance regimens.[95] Siemens pleaded guilty to violating accounting provisions of the Foreign Corrupt Practices Act; the parent company did not plead guilty to paying bribes (although its Bangladesh and Venezuela subsidiaries did[96]); such a guilty plea would have barred Siemens from contracting for the US government.[95] As the scandal had started breaking, Siemens had fired its chairman and CEO Heinrich von Pierer, and had hired its first non-German CEO, Peter Löscher; it also had appointed a US lawyer, Peter Solmssen as an independent director to its board, in charge of compliance, and had accepted oversight of Theo Waigel, a former German finance minister, as a "compliance monitor".[97] The compliance overhaul eventually entailed hiring around 500 full-time compliance personnel worldwide. Siemens also enacted a series of new anti-corruption compliance policies, including a new anti-corruption handbook, web-based tools for due diligence and compliance, a confidential communications channel for employees to report irregular business practices, and a corporate disciplinary committee to impose appropriate disciplinary measures for substantiated misconduct.[99]

The culture of bribery was old in Siemens, and led to the 1914 scandal in Japan over bribes paid by both Siemens and Vickers to Japanese naval authorities to win shipbuilding contracts.[100]

The culture of bribery developed further within Siemens after World War II as it attempted to rebuild its business by competing in the developing world, where bribery is common. Until 1999 in Germany, bribes were a tax-deductible business expense, and there were no penalties for bribing foreign officials. In 1999 the OECD Anti-Bribery Convention came into effect, to which Germany was a party, and Siemens started to use off-shore accounts and other means of hiding its bribery.

As the investigation opened a midlevel executive in the telecommunications unit, Reinhard Siekaczek, was identified as a key player; Siekaczek quit Siemens in 2005 after the company required him to sign a document saying he had followed law and company policy, and turned state's evidence and led investigators to documents he had saved and to other documents. He had controlled an annual global bribery budget of $40 to $50 million. The usual method of bribery was to pay a local insider as a "contractor" who would in turn pass money to government officials; as part of the settlement Siemens disclosed that it had 2,700 such contractors worldwide. Bribes were generally around 5% of a contract's value but in very corrupt countries they could be as high as 40%. It paid the highest bribes in Argentina, Israel, Venezuela, China, Nigeria, and Russia.[95]

Examples of bribery the investigation found included:[95]

  • $40 million in bribes in Argentina to win a $1 billion contract to make national identity cards.
  • $20 million in Israel for a contract to build power plants
  • $16 million in Venezuela for urban rail lines.
  • $14 million In China for medical equipment
  • $12.7 million in payments in Nigeria
  • $5 million in Bangladesh for mobile phones
  • $1.7 million in Iraq to Saddam Hussein and others.

The investigation led directly to several prosecutions while it was unfolding, and led to settlements with other governments and prosecution of Siemens employees and bribe recipients in various countries.

In May 2007 a German court convicted two former executives of paying about €6 million in bribes from 1999 to 2002 to help Siemens win natural gas turbine supply contracts with Enel, an Italian energy company. The contracts were valued at about €450 million. Siemens was fined €38 million.[101]

In July 2009, Siemens settled allegations of fraud by a Russian affiliate in a World Bank-funded mass transit project in Moscow by agreeing to not bid on World Bank projects for two years, not allowing the Russian affiliate to do any World Bank funded work for four years, and setting up a $100 million fund at the World Bank to fund anti-corruption activities over 15 years, over which the World Bank had veto and audit rights; this fund became the "Siemens Integrity Initiative".[102][103] The first payments were made out of the funds in 2010 in a tranche of $40 million.[104] A second set of projects was funded in 2014 totaling $30 million.[105]

Siemens paid N7 billion to the Nigerian government in 2010.[106]

In 2012, the Greek government settled the Greek bribery scandal for 330 million euros.[107] The trial of the persons accused of involvement in the scandal began on 24 February 2017. A total of 64 individuals are accused, both Greek and German nationals.[108] The central figure of the scandal however, ex-Siemens chief executive in Greece Michael Christoforakos, against whom European arrest warrants are pending[109][110] will likely be absent, as Germany refuses his extradition to this day. Initially arrested in Germany in 2009, the accusations against him by German courts have been dropped, and he since lives free in this country.[111][112] Greece has been demanding his extradition since 2009, and considers him a fugitive from justice.

In 2014 a former Siemens executive Andres Truppel pleaded guilty to funneling nearly $100 million in bribes to Argentine government officials to win the ID card project for Siemens.[113]

In 2014 Israeli prosecutors decreed that Siemens should pay US$42.7 million penalty and appoint an external inspector to supervise its business in Israel in exchange for state prosecutors dropping charges of securities fraud. According to the indictment, "Siemens systematically paid bribes to Israel Electric Corporation executives so they would utilize their positions in order to favor and advance the interests of Siemens".[113]

2006 to 2011

In 2006, Siemens purchased Bayer Diagnostics which was incorporated into the Medical Solutions Diagnostics division on 1 January 2007,[114] also in 2006 Siemens acquired Controlotron (New York) (ultrasonic flow meters),[115][116] and also in 2006 Siemens acquired Diagnostic Products Corp., Kadon Electro Mechanical Services Ltd. (now TurboCare Canada Ltd.), Kühnle, Kopp, & Kausch AG, Opto Control, and VistaScape Security Systems.[117]

In January 2007, Siemens was fined €396 million by the European Commission for price fixing in EU electricity markets through a cartel involving 11 companies, including ABB, Alstom, Fuji Electric, Hitachi Japan, AE Power Systems, Mitsubishi Electric Corp, Schneider, Areva, Toshiba and VA Tech.[118] According to the commission, "between 1988 and 2004, the companies rigged bids for procurement contracts, fixed prices, allocated projects to each other, shared markets and exchanged commercially important and confidential information."[118] Siemens was given the highest fine of €396 million, more than half of the total, for its alleged leadership role in the activity.

 
Siemens power generating wind turbine towers

In March 2007, a Siemens board member was temporarily arrested and accused of illegally financing a business-friendly labour association which competes against the union IG Metall. He has been released on bail. Offices of the labour union and of Siemens have been searched. Siemens denies any wrongdoing.[119] In April the Fixed Networks, Mobile Networks and Carrier Services divisions of Siemens merged with Nokia's Network Business Group in a 50/50 joint venture, creating a fixed and mobile network company called Nokia Siemens Networks. Nokia delayed the merger[120] due to bribery investigations against Siemens.[121] In October 2007, a court in Munich found that the company had bribed public officials in Libya, Russia, and Nigeria in return for the awarding of contracts; four former Nigerian Ministers of Communications were among those named as recipients of the payments. The company admitted to having paid the bribes and agreed to pay a fine of 201 million euros. In December 2007, the Nigerian government cancelled a contract with Siemens due to the bribery findings.[122][123]

Also in 2007, Siemens acquired Vai Ingdesi Automation (Argentina, Industrial Automation), UGS Corp., Dade Behring, Sidelco (Quebec, Canada), S/D Engineers Inc., and Gesellschaft für Systemforschung und Dienstleistungen im Gesundheitswesen mbH (GSD) (Germany).[124]

In July 2008, Siemens AG formed a joint venture of the Enterprise Communications business with the Gores Group, renamed Unify in 2013. The Gores Group holding a majority interest of 51% stake, with Siemens AG holding a minority interest of 49%.[125]

In August 2008, Siemens Project Ventures invested $15 million in the Arava Power Company. In a press release published that month, Peter Löscher, President and CEO of Siemens AG said: "This investment is another consequential step in further strengthening our green and sustainable technologies". Siemens now holds a 40% stake in the company.[126]

In January 2009, Siemens sold its 34% stake in Framatome, complaining limited managerial influence. In March, it formed an alliance with Rosatom of Russia to engage in nuclear-power activities.[32]

In April 2009, Fujitsu Siemens Computers became Fujitsu Technology Solutions as a result of Fujitsu buying out Siemens' share of the company.

In June 2009 news broke that Nokia Siemens had supplied telecommunications equipment to the Iranian telecom company that included the ability to intercept and monitor telecommunications, a facility known as "lawful intercept". The equipment was believed to have been used in the suppression of the 2009 Iranian election protests, leading to criticism of the company, including by the European Parliament. Nokia Siemens later divested its call monitoring business, and reduced its activities in Iran.[127][128][129][130][131][132]

In October 2009, Siemens signed a $418 million contract to buy Solel Solar Systems, an Israeli company in the solar thermal power business.[133]

In December 2010, Siemens agreed to sell its IT Solutions and Services subsidiary for €850 million to Atos. As part of the deal, Siemens agreed to take a 15% stake in the enlarged Atos, to be held for a minimum of five years. In addition, Siemens concluded a seven-year outsourcing contract worth around €5.5 billion, under which Atos will provide managed services and systems integration to Siemens.[134] At the same time, Germany’s Wegmann Group acquired Siemens' 49-percent stake in armored vehicle manufacturer Krauss-Maffei Wegmann GmbH, establishing Wegmann as the sole shareholder of KMW, pending approval by government authorities.[135][134]

2011 to present

In March 2011, it was decided to list Osram on the stock market in the autumn, but CEO Peter Löscher said Siemens intended to retain a long-term interest in the company, which was already independent from the technological and managerial viewpoints.

In September 2011, Siemens, which had been responsible for constructing all 17 of Germany's existing nuclear power plants, announced that it would exit the nuclear sector following the Fukushima disaster and the subsequent changes to German energy policy. Chief executive Peter Löscher has supported the German government's planned Energiewende, its transition to renewable energy technologies, calling it a "project of the century" and saying Berlin's target of reaching 35% renewable energy sources by 2020 was feasible.[136]

In November 2012, Siemens acquired the Rail division of Invensys for £1.7 billion. In the same month, Siemens acquired a privately held company, LMS International NV.[137]

In August 2013, Nokia acquired 100% of the company Nokia Siemens Networks, with a buy-out of Siemens AG, ending Siemens role in telecommunication.[138]

In August 2013, Siemens won a $966.8 million order for power plant components from oil firm Saudi Aramco, the largest bid it has ever received from the Saudi company.[139]

In 2014, Siemens announced plans to build a $264 million facility for making offshore wind turbines in Paull, England, as Britain's wind power rapidly expands. Siemens chose the Hull area on the east coast of England because it is close to other large offshore projects planned in coming years. The new plant is expected to begin producing turbine rotor blades in 2016. The plant and the associated service center, in Green Port Hull nearby, will employ about 1,000 workers. The facilities will serve the UK market, where the electricity that major power producers generate from wind grew by about 38 percent in 2013, representing about 6 percent of total electricity, according to government figures. There are also plans to increase Britain's wind-generating capacity at least threefold by 2020, to 14 gigawatts.[140]

In May 2014, Rolls-Royce agreed to sell its gas turbine and compressor energy business to Siemens for £1 billion.[141]

In June 2014, Siemens and Mitsubishi Heavy Industries announced their formation of joint ventures to bid for Alstom's troubled energy and transportation businesses (in locomotives, steam turbines, and aircraft engines). A rival bid by General Electric (GE) has been criticized by French government sources, who consider Alstom's operations as a "vital national interest" at a moment when the French unemployment level stands above 10% and some voters are turning towards the far-right.[142]

In 2015, Siemens acquired U.S. oilfield equipment maker Dresser-Rand Group Inc for $7.6 billion.[143][144]

In November 2016, Siemens acquired EDA company Mentor Graphics for $4.5 billion.[145]

In November 2017, the U.S. Department of Justice charged three Chinese employees of Guangzhou Bo Yu Information Technology Company Limited with hacking into corporate entities, including Siemens AG.[146]

In December 2017, Siemens acquired the medical technology company Fast Track Diagnostics for an undisclosed amount.[147]

In August 2018, Siemens acquired rapid application development company Mendix for €0.6 billion in cash.[148]

In May 2018, Siemens acquired J2 Innovations for an undisclosed amount.[149][150]

In May 2018, Siemens acquired Enlighted, Inc. for an undisclosed amount.[151]

In September 2019, Siemens and Orascom Construction signed an agreement with the Iraqi government to rebuild two power plants, which is believed to setup the company for future deals in the country.[152]

In 2019–2020, Siemens was identified as a key engineering company supporting the controversial[153] Adani Carmichael coal mine in Queensland (Australia).[154]

In January 2020, Siemens signed an agreement to acquire 99% equity share capital of Indian switchgear manufacturer C&S Electric at €267 million (₹2,100 crore).[155] The takeover was approved by the Competition Commission of India in August 2020.[156]

In April 2020, Siemens acquired a 77% majority stake in Indian building solution provider iMetrex Technologies for an undisclosed sum.[157]

In April 2020, Siemens Energy was created as an independent company out of the energy division of Siemens.[158] The trading of shares of the new Siemens Energy AG on the stock exchange is expected to be possible from 28 September onwards.[159]

In August 2020, Siemens Healthineers AG announced that it plans to acquire U.S. cancer device and software company Varian Medical Systems in an all-stock deal valued at $16.4 billion.[160]

In October 2021, Siemens acquired the building IoT software and hardware company Wattsense for an undisclosed sum.[161]

In May 2022, Siemens decided to drop Russian operations and everything regarding the conglomerate on the Russian state amid the ongoing war of aggression against Ukraine since February 24. In July 2022, Siemens acquired ZONA Technology, specialist in aerospace simulation firm.[162]

Products, services and contribution

Siemens offers a wide range of electrical engineering and electronics-related products and services.[163] Its products can be broadly divided into the following categories: buildings-related products; drives, automation and industrial plant-related products; energy-related products; lighting; medical products; and transportation and logistics-related products.[163]

Siemens buildings-related products include building-automation equipment and systems; building-operations equipment and systems; building fire-safety equipment and systems; building-security equipment and systems; and low-voltage switchgear including circuit protection and distribution products.[163]

Siemens drives, automation and industrial plant-related products include motors and drives for conveyor belts; pumps and compressors; heavy duty motors and drives for rolling steel mills; compressors for oil and gas pipelines; mechanical components including gears for wind turbines and cement mills; automation equipment and systems and controls for production machinery and machine tools; and industrial plant for water processing and raw material processing.[163]

Siemens energy-related products include gas and steam turbines; generators; compressors; on- and offshore wind turbines; high-voltage transmission products; power transformers; high-voltage switching products and systems; alternating and direct current transmission systems; medium-voltage components and systems; and power automation products.[163]

In the renewable energy industry, the company provides a portfolio of products and services to help build and operate microgrids of any size. It provides generation and distribution of electrical energy as well as monitoring and controlling of microgrids.[164] By using primarily renewable energy, microgrids reduce carbon-dioxide emissions, which is often required by government regulations. It supplied a sustainable storage product and microgrids to Enel Produzione SPA for the island of Ventotene in Italy.[164]

 
Amtrak Siemens SC-44 Charger diesel-electric passenger locomotive parked in Santa Fe Depot, San Diego

Siemens medical products include clinical information technology systems; hearing instruments; in-vitro diagnostics equipment; imaging equipment including angiography, computed tomography, fluoroscopy, magnetic resonance, mammography, molecular imaging ultrasound, and x-ray equipment; and radiation oncology and particle therapy equipment.[163] As of 2015, Siemens finalized the sale of its hearing-aid (hearing instruments) business to Sivantos.[165][166]

Siemens transportation and logistics-related products include equipment and systems for rail transportation including rail vehicles for mass transit, regional and long-distance transportation, locomotives, equipment and systems for rail electrification, central control systems, interlockings, and automated train controls; equipment and systems for road traffic including traffic detection, information and guidance; equipment and systems for airport logistics including cargo tracking and baggage handling; and equipment and systems for postal automation including letter parcel sorting.[163]


Operations

Siemens is incorporated in Germany and has its corporate headquarters in Munich.[167] As of 2011, has operations in around 190 countries and approximately 285 production and manufacturing facilities.[167] Siemens had around 360,000 employees as of 30 September 2011.[167]

Research and development

In 2011, Siemens invested a total of €3.925 billion in research and development, equivalent to 5.3% of revenues.[167] As of 30 September 2011, Siemens had approximately 11,800 Germany-based employees engaged in research and development and approximately 16,000 in the rest of the world, of whom the majority were based in either Austria, China, Croatia, Denmark, France, India, Japan, Mexico, The Netherlands, Russia, Slovakia, Sweden, Switzerland, the United Kingdom or the United States.[167] As of 30 September 2011, Siemens held approximately 53,300 patents worldwide.[167]

Joint ventures

Siemens' current joint ventures include:

Former joint ventures include:

  • Silcar was a joint venture between Siemens Ltd and Thiess Services Pty Ltd until 2013. Silcar is a 3,000 person Australian organisation providing productivity and reliability for large scale and technically complex plant assets. Services include asset management, design, construction, operations and maintenance. Silcar operates across a range of industries and essential services including power generation, electrical distribution, manufacturing, mining and telecommunications. In July 2013, Thiess took full control.[170][171][172]

Finances

For the fiscal year 2017, Siemens reported earnings of EUR 6.046 billion, with an annual revenue of €83.049 billion, an increase of 4.3% over the previous fiscal cycle.[173] Siemens' shares traded at over US$58 per share, and its market capitalization was valued at US$95.3 billion in November 2018.[174] In November 2019, the company had higher fourth quarter earnings than expected, with adjusted earnings before interest, taxes, and amortization totaling €2.64 billion ($2.92 billion), but warned of a slowdown, especially in the car sector, next year.[6]

Year Revenue
in bn. EUR
Net income
in bn. EUR
Total Assets
in bn. EUR
Employees
2013 75.882 4.284 101.936 362,000
2014 71.920 5.373 104.879 357,000
2015 75.636 7.282 120.348 348,000
2016 79.644 5.450 125.717 351,000
2017 83.049 6.046 133.804 372,000
2018 83.044 5.807 138.915 379,000
2019 86.849 5.174 150.248 385,000
2020* 57.139 4.030 123.897 293,000
2021 62.265 6.161 139.608 295,000

* In 2020 Siemens Energy became an independent company

Shareholders

The company has issued 881,000,000 shares of common stock. The largest single shareholder continues to be the founding shareholder, the Siemens family, with a stake of 6.9%. 62% are held by institutional asset managers, the largest being two divisions of the world's largest asset manager BlackRock. 83.97% of the shares are considered public float, however including such strategic investors as the State of Qatar (DIC Company Ltd.) with 3.04%, the Government Pension Fund of Norway with 2.5% and Siemens AG itself with 3.04%. 19% are held by private investors, 13% by investors that are considered unidentifiable. 26% are owned by German investors, 21% by US investors, followed by the UK (11%), France (8%), Switzerland (8%) and a number of others (26%).[175]

Senior management

Chairmen of the Siemens-Schuckertwerke Managing Board (1903 to 1966)[176]

  • Alfred Berliner (1903 to 1912)
  • Carl Friedrich von Siemens (1912 to 1919)
  • Otto Heinrich [de] (1919 to 1920)
  • Carl Köttgen [de] (1920 to 1939)
  • Rudolf Bingel [de] (1939 to 1945)
  • Wolf-Dietrich von Witzleben [de] (1945 to 1949)
  • Günther Scharowsky [de] (1949 to 1951)
  • Friedrich Bauer (1951 to 1962)
  • Bernhard Plettner (1962 to 1966)

Chairmen of the Siemens & Halske / Siemens-Schuckertwerke Supervisory Board (1918 to 1966)[176]

Chairmen of the Siemens AG Managing Board (1966 to present)[176]

  • Hans Kerschbaum [de], Adolf Lohse [de], Bernhard Plettner (Presidency of the Managing Board) (1966 to 1967)
  • Erwin Hachmann, Bernhard Plettner, Gerd Tacke (Presidency of the Managing Board) (1967 to 1968)
  • Gerd Tacke (1968 to 1971)
  • Bernhard Plettner (1971 to 1981)
  • Karlheinz Kaske (1981 to 1992)
  • Heinrich von Pierer (1992 to 2005)
  • Klaus Kleinfeld (2005 to 2007)
  • Peter Löscher (2007 to 2013)
  • Joe Kaeser (2013 to 2021)
  • Roland Busch (2021 to present)

Chairmen of the Siemens AG Supervisory Board (1966 to present)[176]

  • Ernst von Siemens (1966 to 1971)
  • Peter von Siemens (1971 to 1981)
  • Bernhard Plettner (1981 to 1988)
  • Heribald Närger (1988 to 1993)
  • Hermann Franz (1993 to 1998)
  • Karl-Hermann Baumann (1998 to 2005)
  • Heinrich von Pierer (2005 to 2007)
  • Gerhard Cromme [de] (2007 to 2018)
  • Jim Hagemann Snabe (2018 to present)

Managing Board (present day)[177][178]

  • Roland Busch (CEO Siemens AG)
  • Klaus Helmrich
  • Cedrik Neike (CEO Digital Industries)
  • Matthias Rebellius (CEO Smart Infrastructure)
  • Ralf P. Thomas (CFO)
  • Judith Wiese

See also

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Further reading

  • Shaping the Future. The Siemens Entrepreneurs 1847–2018. Ed. Siemens Historical Institute, Hamburg 2018, ISBN 9-783867-746243.
  • Weiher, Siegfried von /Herbert Goetzeler (1984). The Siemens Company, Its Historical Role in the Progress of Electrical Engineering 1847–1980, 2nd ed. Berlin and Munich.
  • Feldenkirchen, Wilfried (2000). Siemens, From Workshop to Global Player, Munich.
  • Feldenkirchen, Wilfried / Eberhard Posner (2005): The Siemens Entrepreneurs, Continuity and Change, 1847–2005, Ten Portraits, Munich.
  • Greider, William (1997). One World, Ready or Not. Penguin Press. ISBN 0-7139-9211-5.
  • Margarete Buber: 303f As prisoners of Stalin and Hitler, Frankf / Main, Berlin 1993
  • See Carola Sachse: Jewish forced labor and non-Jewish women and men at Siemens from 1940 to 1945, in: International Scientific Correspondence, No. 1/1991, pp. 12–24; Karl-Heinz Roth: forced labor in the Siemens Group (1938 -1945). Facts, controversies, problems, in: Hermann Kaienburg (ed.): concentration camps and the German Economy 1939–1945 (Social studies, H. 34), Opladen 1996, pp. 149–168; Wilfried Feldenkirchen: 1918–1945 Siemens, Munich 1995, Ulrike fire, Claus Füllberg-Stolberg, Sylvia Kempe: work at Ravensbrück concentration camp, in: Women in concentration camps. Bergen-Belsen. Ravensbrück, Bremen, 1994, pp. 55–69; Ursula Krause-Schmitt: The path to the Siemens stock led past the crematorium, in: Information. German Resistance Study Group, Frankfurt / Main, 18 Jg, No. 37/38, Nov. 1993, pp. 38–46; Sigrid Jacobeit: working at Siemens in Ravensbrück, in: Dietrich Eichholz (eds) War and economy. Studies on German economic history 1939–1945, Berlin 1999.
  • Bundesarchiv Berlin, NS 19, No. 968, Communication on the creation of the barracks for the Siemens & Halske, the planned production and the planned expansion for 2,500 prisoners "after direct discussions with this company": Economic and Administrative Main Office of the SS ( WVHA), Oswald Pohl, secretly, to Reichsführer SS (RFSS), Heinrich Himmler, dated 20 October 1942.
  • Karl-Heinz Roth: forced labor in the Siemens Group, with a summary table, page 157 See also Ursula Krause-Schmitt: "The road to Siemens stock led to the crematorium past over," pp. 36f, where, according to the catalogs of the International Tracing Service Arolsen and Martin Weinmann (eds.).. The Nazi camp system, Frankfurt / Main 1990 and Feldkirchen: Siemens 1918–1945, pp. 198–214, and in particular the associated annotations 91–187.
  • MSS in the estate include Wanda Kiedrzy'nska, in: National Library of Poland, Warsaw, Manuscript Division, Sygn. akc 12013/1 and archive the memorial I/6-7-139 RA: see also: Woman Ravensbruck concentration camp. An overall presentation, State Justice Administration in Ludwigsburg, IV ART 409-Z 39/59, April 1972, pp. 129ff.

External links

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This article is about a German engineering company For the former Fujitsu Siemens company see Fujitsu Siemens Computers For other uses see Siemens disambiguation This article has multiple issues Please help improve it or discuss these issues on the talk page Learn how and when to remove these template messages This article s tone or style may not reflect the encyclopedic tone used on Wikipedia See Wikipedia s guide to writing better articles for suggestions April 2020 Learn how and when to remove this template message This article may lend undue weight to certain ideas incidents or controversies Please help improve it by rewriting it in a balanced fashion that contextualizes different points of view April 2020 Learn how and when to remove this template message The neutrality of this article is disputed Relevant discussion may be found on the talk page Please do not remove this message until conditions to do so are met July 2020 Learn how and when to remove this template message Learn how and when to remove this template message Siemens AG German pronunciation ˈziːmens listen 3 4 5 or mɛns 5 is a German multinational conglomerate corporation and the largest industrial manufacturing company in Europe 6 headquartered in Munich with branch offices abroad Siemens AGHeadquartersTypePublicTraded asFWB SIEDAX componentISINDE0007236101IndustryConglomeratePredecessorsA Reyrolle amp CompanySiemens SchuckertSiemens Reiniger WerkeFounded1 October 1847 175 years ago 1847 10 01 Berlin Kingdom of PrussiaFounderWerner von SiemensHeadquartersMunich and Berlin Germany 1 Area servedWorldwideKey peopleJim Hagemann Snabe Chairman Roland Busch CEO ProductsElectric generators Transformers Industrial and buildings automation Medical equipment Rolling stock Water treatment systems Fire alarms PLM software Marine engines Diesel and gas engines Electric motors Pumps Compressors Gas turbines Steam turbines Industrial machines Home appliances Telecommunications equipmentServicesBusiness services financing project engineering and constructionRevenue 62 265 billion 2021 2 Operating income 7 496 billion 2021 2 Net income 6 697 billion 2021 2 Total assets 139 608 billion 2021 2 Total equity 49 274 billion 2021 2 OwnerSiemens family 6 9 Number of employees303 000 2021 2 DivisionsSmart InfrastructureSiemens EnergyDigital IndustriesHealthineersSiemens MobilitySiemens GamesaIoT ServicesNext 47Siemens Financial ServicesWebsitewww wbr siemens wbr comThe principal divisions of the corporation are Industry Energy Healthcare Siemens Healthineers and Infrastructure amp Cities which represent the main activities of the corporation 7 8 9 The corporation is a prominent maker of medical diagnostics equipment and its medical health care division which generates about 12 percent of the corporation s total sales is its second most profitable unit after the industrial automation division In this area it is regarded as a pioneer and the company with the highest revenue in the world 10 11 The corporation is a component of the Euro Stoxx 50 stock market index 12 Siemens and its subsidiaries employ approximately 303 000 people worldwide and reported global revenue of around 62 billion in 2021 2 according to its earnings release Contents 1 History 1 1 1847 to 1901 1 2 1901 to 1933 1 3 1933 to 1945 1 4 1945 to 2001 1 5 2001 to 2005 1 6 2005 and continuing worldwide bribery scandal 1 7 2006 to 2011 1 8 2011 to present 2 Products services and contribution 3 Operations 3 1 Research and development 4 Joint ventures 5 Finances 6 Shareholders 7 Senior management 8 See also 9 References 10 Further reading 11 External linksHistory Edit1847 to 1901 Edit Werner von Siemens co founder of Siemens amp Halske Siemens amp Halske was founded by Werner von Siemens and Johann Georg Halske on 1 October 1847 Based on the telegraph their invention used a needle to point to the sequence of letters instead of using Morse code The company then called Telegraphen Bauanstalt von Siemens amp Halske opened its first workshop on 12 October 13 In 1848 the company built the first long distance telegraph line in Europe 500 km from Berlin to Frankfurt am Main In 1850 the founder s younger brother Carl Wilhelm Siemens later Sir William Siemens started to represent the company in London The London agency became a branch office in 1858 In the 1850s the company was involved in building long distance telegraph networks in Russia In 1855 a company branch headed by another brother Carl Heinrich von Siemens opened in St Petersburg Russia In 1867 Siemens completed the monumental Indo European telegraph line stretching over 11 000 km from London to Calcutta 14 First electric locomotive built in 1879 by company founder Werner von Siemens In 1867 Werner von Siemens described a dynamo without permanent magnets 15 A similar system was also independently invented by Anyos Jedlik and Charles Wheatstone but Siemens became the first company to build such devices In 1881 a Siemens AC Alternator driven by a watermill was used to power the world s first electric street lighting in the town of Godalming United Kingdom The company continued to grow and diversified into electric trains and light bulbs In 1885 Siemens sold one of its generators to George Westinghouse thereby enabling Westinghouse to begin experimenting with AC networks in Pittsburgh Pennsylvania In 1887 Siemens opened its first office in Japan 16 In 1890 the founder retired and left the running of the company to his brother Carl and sons Arnold and Wilhelm In 1892 Siemens were contracted to construct the Hobart electric tramway in Tasmania Australia as they increased their markets The system opened in 1893 and became the first complete electric tram network in the Southern Hemisphere 17 1901 to 1933 Edit The company built airplanes during World War I for example this Siemens airplane in 1926 Siemens amp Halske S amp H was incorporated in 1897 and then merged parts of its activities with Schuckert amp Co Nuremberg in 1903 to become Siemens Schuckert In 1907 Siemens Siemens amp Halske and Siemens Schuckert had 34 324 employees and was the seventh largest company in the German empire by number of employees 18 see List of German companies by employees in 1907 In 1919 S amp H and two other companies jointly formed the Osram lightbulb company 19 British Siemens advertisement from the 1920s During the 1920s and 1930s S amp H started to manufacture radios television sets and electron microscopes 20 In 1932 Reiniger Gebbert amp Schall Erlangen Phonix AG Rudolstadt and Siemens Reiniger Veifa mbH Berlin merged to form the Siemens Reiniger Werke AG SRW the third of the so called parent companies that merged in 1966 to form the present day Siemens AG 21 In the 1920s Siemens constructed the Ardnacrusha Hydro Power station on the River Shannon in the then Irish Free State and it was a world first for its design The company is remembered for its desire to raise the wages of its under paid workers only to be overruled by the Cumann na nGaedheal government 22 1933 to 1945 Edit Prisoners around 1944 working at a Siemens factory in KZ Bobrek a subcamp of Auschwitz concentration camp 23 A Siemens truck being used as a Nazi public address vehicle in 1932 Siemens at the time Siemens Schuckert exploited the forced labour of deported people in extermination camps The company owned a plant in Auschwitz concentration camp 23 24 Siemens Factory and Ravensbruck concentration camp Siemens exploited the forced labour of women in the concentration camp of Ravensbruck The factory was located in front of the camp 25 During the final years of World War II numerous plants and factories in Berlin and other major cities were destroyed by Allied air raids To prevent further losses manufacturing was therefore moved to alternative places and regions not affected by the air war The goal was to secure continued production of important war related and everyday goods According to records Siemens was operating almost 400 alternative or relocated manufacturing plants at the end of 1944 and in early 1945 In 1972 Siemens sued German satirist F C Delius for his satirical history of the company Unsere Siemens Welt and it was determined much of the book contained false claims although the trial itself publicized Siemens history in Nazi Germany 26 The company supplied electrical parts to Nazi concentration camps and death camps The factories had poor working conditions where malnutrition and death were common Also the scholarship has shown that the camp factories were created run and supplied by the SS in conjunction with company officials sometimes high level officials 27 28 29 30 1945 to 2001 Edit In the 1950s and from their new base in Bavaria S amp H started to manufacture computers semiconductor devices washing machines and pacemakers citation needed In 1966 Siemens amp Halske S amp H founded in 1847 Siemens Schuckertwerke SSW founded in 1903 and Siemens Reiniger Werke SRW founded in 1932 merged to form Siemens AG 31 In 1969 Siemens formed Kraftwerk Union with AEG by pooling their nuclear power businesses 32 A 1973 Siemens electron microscope on display at the Musee des Arts et Metiers in Paris The company s first digital telephone exchange was produced in 1980 and in 1988 Siemens and GEC acquired the UK defence and technology company Plessey Plessey s holdings were split and Siemens took over the avionics radar and traffic control businesses as Siemens Plessey 33 Logo from 1973 to 1990 In 1977 Advanced Micro Devices AMD entered into a joint venture with Siemens which wanted to enhance its technology expertise and enter the American market 34 Siemens purchased 20 of AMD s stock giving the company an infusion of cash to increase its product lines 34 35 36 The two companies also jointly established Advanced Micro Computers AMC located in Silicon Valley and in Germany allowing AMD to enter the microcomputer development and manufacturing field 34 37 38 39 in particular based on AMD s second source Zilog Z8000 microprocessors 40 41 When the two companies vision for Advanced Micro Computers diverged AMD bought out Siemens stake in the American division in 1979 42 43 AMD closed Advanced Micro Computers in late 1981 after switching focus to manufacturing second source Intel x86 microprocessors 40 44 45 In 1985 Siemens bought Allis Chalmers interest in the partnership company Siemens Allis formed 1978 which supplied electrical control equipment It was incorporated into Siemens Energy and Automation division 46 In 1987 Siemens reintegrated Kraftwerk Union the unit overseeing nuclear power business 32 In 1989 Siemens bought the solar photovoltaic business including 3 solar module manufacturing plants from industry pioneer ARCO Solar owned by oil firm ARCO 47 In 1991 Siemens acquired Nixdorf Computer AG and renamed it Siemens Nixdorf Informationssysteme AG in order to produce personal computers 48 In October 1991 Siemens acquired the Industrial Systems Division of Texas Instruments Inc based in Johnson City Tennessee This division was organized as Siemens Industrial Automation Inc 49 and was later absorbed by Siemens Energy and Automation Inc In 1992 Siemens bought out IBM s half of ROLM Siemens had bought into ROLM five years earlier thus creating SiemensROLM Communications eventually dropping ROLM from the name later in the 1990s 50 In 1993 1994 Siemens C651 electric trains for Singapore s Mass Rapid Transit MRT system were built in Austria citation needed In 1997 Siemens agreed to sell the defence arm of Siemens Plessey to British Aerospace BAe and a German aerospace company DaimlerChrysler Aerospace BAe and DASA acquired the British and German divisions of the operation respectively 51 In October 1997 Siemens Financial Services SFS was founded to act as a competence center for financing issues and as a manager of financial risks within Siemens In 1998 Siemens acquired Westinghouse Power Generation for more than 1 5 billion from the CBS Corporation and moving Siemens from third to second in the world power generation market 52 In 1999 Siemens semiconductor operations were spun off into a new company called Infineon Technologies Its Electromechanical Components operations were converted into a legally independent company Siemens Electromechanical Components GmbH amp Co KG which later that year was sold to Tyco International Ltd for approximately 1 1 billion 53 In the same year Siemens Nixdorf Informationssysteme AG became part of Fujitsu Siemens Computers AG with its retail banking technology group becoming Wincor Nixdorf 48 In 2000 Shared Medical Systems Corporation 54 was acquired by the Siemens Medical Engineering Group 55 eventually becoming part of Siemens Medical Solutions Also in 2000 Atecs Mannesman was acquired by Siemens 56 The sale was finalised in April 2001 with 50 of the shares acquired acquisition Mannesmann VDO AG merged into Siemens Automotive forming Siemens VDO Automotive AG Atecs Mannesmann Dematic Systems merged into Siemens Production and Logistics forming Siemens Dematic AG Mannesmann Demag Delaval merged into the Power Generation division of Siemens AG 57 Other parts of the company were acquired by Robert Bosch GmbH at the same time 58 Also Moore Products Co of Spring House PA USA was acquired by Siemens Energy amp Automation Inc 59 2001 to 2005 Edit A Siemens Velaro high speed train in service on the Koln Frankfurt high speed rail line In 2001 Chemtech Group of Brazil was incorporated into the Siemens Group 60 it provides industrial process optimisation consultancy and other engineering services 61 Also in 2001 Siemens formed joint venture Framatome with Areva SA of France by merging much of the companies nuclear businesses 32 In 2002 Siemens sold some of its business activities to Kohlberg Kravis Roberts amp Co L P KKR with its metering business included in the sale package 62 In 2002 Siemens abandoned the solar photovoltaic industry by selling its participation in a joint venture company established in 2001 with Shell and E ON to Shell 63 In 2003 Siemens acquired the flow division of Danfoss and incorporated it into the Automation and Drives division 64 Also in 2003 Siemens acquired IndX software realtime data organisation and presentation 65 66 The same year in an unrelated development Siemens reopened its office in Kabul 67 Also in 2003 agreed to buy Alstom Industrial Turbines a manufacturer of small medium and industrial gas turbines for 1 1 billion 68 69 On 11 February 2003 Siemens planned to shorten phones shelf life by bringing out annual Xelibri lines with new devices launched as spring summer and autumn winter collections 70 On 6 March 2003 the company opened an office in San Jose 71 On 7 March 2003 the company announced that it planned to gain 10 per cent of the mainland China market for handsets 72 On 18 March 2003 the company unveiled the latest in its series of Xelibri fashion phones 73 In 2004 the wind energy company Bonus Energy in Brande Denmark was acquired 74 75 forming Siemens Wind Power division 76 Also in 2004 Siemens invested in Dasan Networks South Korea broadband network equipment acquiring 40 of the shares 77 Nokia Siemens disinvested itself of the shares in 2008 78 The same year Siemens acquired Photo Scan UK CCTV systems 79 US Filter Corporation water and Waste Water Treatment Technologies Solutions acquired from Veolia 80 Hunstville Electronics Corporation automobile electronics acquired from Chrysler 81 and Chantry Networks WLAN equipment 82 In 2005 Siemens sold the Siemens mobile manufacturing business to BenQ forming the BenQ Siemens division Also in 2005 Siemens acquired Flender Holding GmbH Bocholt Germany gears industrial drives 83 Bewator AB building security systems 84 Wheelabrator Air Pollution Control Inc Industrial and power station dust control systems 85 AN Windenergie GmbH Wind energy 86 Power Technologies Inc Schenectady USA energy industry software and training 87 CTI Molecular Imaging Positron emission tomography and molecular imaging systems 88 89 Myrio IPTV systems citation needed Shaw Power Technologies International Ltd UK USA electrical engineering consulting acquired from Shaw Group 90 91 and Transmitton Ashby de la Zouch UK rail and other industry control and asset management 92 2005 and continuing worldwide bribery scandal Edit Beginning in 2005 Siemens became embroiled in a multi national bribery scandal 93 One component of this scandal was the Siemens Greek bribery scandal over deals between Siemens and Greek government officials during the 2004 Summer Olympic Games 94 Siemens activities came under legal scrutiny when complaints from prosecutors in Italy Liechtenstein and Switzerland led to German authorities opening investigations followed by a US investigation in 2006 concerning their activities while listed on US stock exchanges 95 The investigators found that bribing officials to win contracts was standard operating procedure 95 96 Over that time period the company paid around 1 3 billion in bribes in many countries and kept separate books to hide them 96 Settlement negotiations took place through most of 2008 with settlement terms announced in December 2008 The company paid a total of about 1 6 billion around 800 million to the US and Germany each This was the largest bribery fine in history at the time The company was also obligated to spend 1 billion on setting up and funding new internal compliance regimens 95 Siemens pleaded guilty to violating accounting provisions of the Foreign Corrupt Practices Act the parent company did not plead guilty to paying bribes although its Bangladesh and Venezuela subsidiaries did 96 Fines were anticipated to be as high as 5 billion as the investigation unfolded 97 Settlement negotiations took place through most of 2008 and when they were announced in December they were far less driven in part by Siemens cooperation in part by the imminent change in US administrations the Obama administration was about to take over from the Bush administration and in part by the dependence of the US military on Siemens as a contractor 95 97 96 The company paid a total of about 1 6 billion around 800 million in each of the US and Germany This was the largest bribery fine in history at the time The money paid to Germany included a 270 million fine paid the year before related to bribes in Nigeria 98 The US payment included 450 million in fines and penalties and a forfeiture of 350 million in profits 96 The company was also obligated to spend 1 billion on setting up and funding new internal compliance regimens 95 Siemens pleaded guilty to violating accounting provisions of the Foreign Corrupt Practices Act the parent company did not plead guilty to paying bribes although its Bangladesh and Venezuela subsidiaries did 96 such a guilty plea would have barred Siemens from contracting for the US government 95 As the scandal had started breaking Siemens had fired its chairman and CEO Heinrich von Pierer and had hired its first non German CEO Peter Loscher it also had appointed a US lawyer Peter Solmssen as an independent director to its board in charge of compliance and had accepted oversight of Theo Waigel a former German finance minister as a compliance monitor 97 The compliance overhaul eventually entailed hiring around 500 full time compliance personnel worldwide Siemens also enacted a series of new anti corruption compliance policies including a new anti corruption handbook web based tools for due diligence and compliance a confidential communications channel for employees to report irregular business practices and a corporate disciplinary committee to impose appropriate disciplinary measures for substantiated misconduct 99 The culture of bribery was old in Siemens and led to the 1914 scandal in Japan over bribes paid by both Siemens and Vickers to Japanese naval authorities to win shipbuilding contracts 100 The culture of bribery developed further within Siemens after World War II as it attempted to rebuild its business by competing in the developing world where bribery is common Until 1999 in Germany bribes were a tax deductible business expense and there were no penalties for bribing foreign officials In 1999 the OECD Anti Bribery Convention came into effect to which Germany was a party and Siemens started to use off shore accounts and other means of hiding its bribery As the investigation opened a midlevel executive in the telecommunications unit Reinhard Siekaczek was identified as a key player Siekaczek quit Siemens in 2005 after the company required him to sign a document saying he had followed law and company policy and turned state s evidence and led investigators to documents he had saved and to other documents He had controlled an annual global bribery budget of 40 to 50 million The usual method of bribery was to pay a local insider as a contractor who would in turn pass money to government officials as part of the settlement Siemens disclosed that it had 2 700 such contractors worldwide Bribes were generally around 5 of a contract s value but in very corrupt countries they could be as high as 40 It paid the highest bribes in Argentina Israel Venezuela China Nigeria and Russia 95 Examples of bribery the investigation found included 95 40 million in bribes in Argentina to win a 1 billion contract to make national identity cards 20 million in Israel for a contract to build power plants 16 million in Venezuela for urban rail lines 14 million In China for medical equipment 12 7 million in payments in Nigeria 5 million in Bangladesh for mobile phones 1 7 million in Iraq to Saddam Hussein and others The investigation led directly to several prosecutions while it was unfolding and led to settlements with other governments and prosecution of Siemens employees and bribe recipients in various countries In May 2007 a German court convicted two former executives of paying about 6 million in bribes from 1999 to 2002 to help Siemens win natural gas turbine supply contracts with Enel an Italian energy company The contracts were valued at about 450 million Siemens was fined 38 million 101 In July 2009 Siemens settled allegations of fraud by a Russian affiliate in a World Bank funded mass transit project in Moscow by agreeing to not bid on World Bank projects for two years not allowing the Russian affiliate to do any World Bank funded work for four years and setting up a 100 million fund at the World Bank to fund anti corruption activities over 15 years over which the World Bank had veto and audit rights this fund became the Siemens Integrity Initiative 102 103 The first payments were made out of the funds in 2010 in a tranche of 40 million 104 A second set of projects was funded in 2014 totaling 30 million 105 Siemens paid N7 billion to the Nigerian government in 2010 106 In 2012 the Greek government settled the Greek bribery scandal for 330 million euros 107 The trial of the persons accused of involvement in the scandal began on 24 February 2017 A total of 64 individuals are accused both Greek and German nationals 108 The central figure of the scandal however ex Siemens chief executive in Greece Michael Christoforakos against whom European arrest warrants are pending 109 110 will likely be absent as Germany refuses his extradition to this day Initially arrested in Germany in 2009 the accusations against him by German courts have been dropped and he since lives free in this country 111 112 Greece has been demanding his extradition since 2009 and considers him a fugitive from justice In 2014 a former Siemens executive Andres Truppel pleaded guilty to funneling nearly 100 million in bribes to Argentine government officials to win the ID card project for Siemens 113 In 2014 Israeli prosecutors decreed that Siemens should pay US 42 7 million penalty and appoint an external inspector to supervise its business in Israel in exchange for state prosecutors dropping charges of securities fraud According to the indictment Siemens systematically paid bribes to Israel Electric Corporation executives so they would utilize their positions in order to favor and advance the interests of Siemens 113 2006 to 2011 Edit In 2006 Siemens purchased Bayer Diagnostics which was incorporated into the Medical Solutions Diagnostics division on 1 January 2007 114 also in 2006 Siemens acquired Controlotron New York ultrasonic flow meters 115 116 and also in 2006 Siemens acquired Diagnostic Products Corp Kadon Electro Mechanical Services Ltd now TurboCare Canada Ltd Kuhnle Kopp amp Kausch AG Opto Control and VistaScape Security Systems 117 In January 2007 Siemens was fined 396 million by the European Commission for price fixing in EU electricity markets through a cartel involving 11 companies including ABB Alstom Fuji Electric Hitachi Japan AE Power Systems Mitsubishi Electric Corp Schneider Areva Toshiba and VA Tech 118 According to the commission between 1988 and 2004 the companies rigged bids for procurement contracts fixed prices allocated projects to each other shared markets and exchanged commercially important and confidential information 118 Siemens was given the highest fine of 396 million more than half of the total for its alleged leadership role in the activity Siemens power generating wind turbine towers In March 2007 a Siemens board member was temporarily arrested and accused of illegally financing a business friendly labour association which competes against the union IG Metall He has been released on bail Offices of the labour union and of Siemens have been searched Siemens denies any wrongdoing 119 In April the Fixed Networks Mobile Networks and Carrier Services divisions of Siemens merged with Nokia s Network Business Group in a 50 50 joint venture creating a fixed and mobile network company called Nokia Siemens Networks Nokia delayed the merger 120 due to bribery investigations against Siemens 121 In October 2007 a court in Munich found that the company had bribed public officials in Libya Russia and Nigeria in return for the awarding of contracts four former Nigerian Ministers of Communications were among those named as recipients of the payments The company admitted to having paid the bribes and agreed to pay a fine of 201 million euros In December 2007 the Nigerian government cancelled a contract with Siemens due to the bribery findings 122 123 Also in 2007 Siemens acquired Vai Ingdesi Automation Argentina Industrial Automation UGS Corp Dade Behring Sidelco Quebec Canada S D Engineers Inc and Gesellschaft fur Systemforschung und Dienstleistungen im Gesundheitswesen mbH GSD Germany 124 In July 2008 Siemens AG formed a joint venture of the Enterprise Communications business with the Gores Group renamed Unify in 2013 The Gores Group holding a majority interest of 51 stake with Siemens AG holding a minority interest of 49 125 In August 2008 Siemens Project Ventures invested 15 million in the Arava Power Company In a press release published that month Peter Loscher President and CEO of Siemens AG said This investment is another consequential step in further strengthening our green and sustainable technologies Siemens now holds a 40 stake in the company 126 In January 2009 Siemens sold its 34 stake in Framatome complaining limited managerial influence In March it formed an alliance with Rosatom of Russia to engage in nuclear power activities 32 In April 2009 Fujitsu Siemens Computers became Fujitsu Technology Solutions as a result of Fujitsu buying out Siemens share of the company In June 2009 news broke that Nokia Siemens had supplied telecommunications equipment to the Iranian telecom company that included the ability to intercept and monitor telecommunications a facility known as lawful intercept The equipment was believed to have been used in the suppression of the 2009 Iranian election protests leading to criticism of the company including by the European Parliament Nokia Siemens later divested its call monitoring business and reduced its activities in Iran 127 128 129 130 131 132 In October 2009 Siemens signed a 418 million contract to buy Solel Solar Systems an Israeli company in the solar thermal power business 133 In December 2010 Siemens agreed to sell its IT Solutions and Services subsidiary for 850 million to Atos As part of the deal Siemens agreed to take a 15 stake in the enlarged Atos to be held for a minimum of five years In addition Siemens concluded a seven year outsourcing contract worth around 5 5 billion under which Atos will provide managed services and systems integration to Siemens 134 At the same time Germany s Wegmann Group acquired Siemens 49 percent stake in armored vehicle manufacturer Krauss Maffei Wegmann GmbH establishing Wegmann as the sole shareholder of KMW pending approval by government authorities 135 134 2011 to present Edit In March 2011 it was decided to list Osram on the stock market in the autumn but CEO Peter Loscher said Siemens intended to retain a long term interest in the company which was already independent from the technological and managerial viewpoints In September 2011 Siemens which had been responsible for constructing all 17 of Germany s existing nuclear power plants announced that it would exit the nuclear sector following the Fukushima disaster and the subsequent changes to German energy policy Chief executive Peter Loscher has supported the German government s planned Energiewende its transition to renewable energy technologies calling it a project of the century and saying Berlin s target of reaching 35 renewable energy sources by 2020 was feasible 136 In November 2012 Siemens acquired the Rail division of Invensys for 1 7 billion In the same month Siemens acquired a privately held company LMS International NV 137 In August 2013 Nokia acquired 100 of the company Nokia Siemens Networks with a buy out of Siemens AG ending Siemens role in telecommunication 138 In August 2013 Siemens won a 966 8 million order for power plant components from oil firm Saudi Aramco the largest bid it has ever received from the Saudi company 139 In 2014 Siemens announced plans to build a 264 million facility for making offshore wind turbines in Paull England as Britain s wind power rapidly expands Siemens chose the Hull area on the east coast of England because it is close to other large offshore projects planned in coming years The new plant is expected to begin producing turbine rotor blades in 2016 The plant and the associated service center in Green Port Hull nearby will employ about 1 000 workers The facilities will serve the UK market where the electricity that major power producers generate from wind grew by about 38 percent in 2013 representing about 6 percent of total electricity according to government figures There are also plans to increase Britain s wind generating capacity at least threefold by 2020 to 14 gigawatts 140 In May 2014 Rolls Royce agreed to sell its gas turbine and compressor energy business to Siemens for 1 billion 141 In June 2014 Siemens and Mitsubishi Heavy Industries announced their formation of joint ventures to bid for Alstom s troubled energy and transportation businesses in locomotives steam turbines and aircraft engines A rival bid by General Electric GE has been criticized by French government sources who consider Alstom s operations as a vital national interest at a moment when the French unemployment level stands above 10 and some voters are turning towards the far right 142 In 2015 Siemens acquired U S oilfield equipment maker Dresser Rand Group Inc for 7 6 billion 143 144 In November 2016 Siemens acquired EDA company Mentor Graphics for 4 5 billion 145 In November 2017 the U S Department of Justice charged three Chinese employees of Guangzhou Bo Yu Information Technology Company Limited with hacking into corporate entities including Siemens AG 146 In December 2017 Siemens acquired the medical technology company Fast Track Diagnostics for an undisclosed amount 147 In August 2018 Siemens acquired rapid application development company Mendix for 0 6 billion in cash 148 In May 2018 Siemens acquired J2 Innovations for an undisclosed amount 149 150 In May 2018 Siemens acquired Enlighted Inc for an undisclosed amount 151 In September 2019 Siemens and Orascom Construction signed an agreement with the Iraqi government to rebuild two power plants which is believed to setup the company for future deals in the country 152 In 2019 2020 Siemens was identified as a key engineering company supporting the controversial 153 Adani Carmichael coal mine in Queensland Australia 154 In January 2020 Siemens signed an agreement to acquire 99 equity share capital of Indian switchgear manufacturer C amp S Electric at 267 million 2 100 crore 155 The takeover was approved by the Competition Commission of India in August 2020 156 In April 2020 Siemens acquired a 77 majority stake in Indian building solution provider iMetrex Technologies for an undisclosed sum 157 In April 2020 Siemens Energy was created as an independent company out of the energy division of Siemens 158 The trading of shares of the new Siemens Energy AG on the stock exchange is expected to be possible from 28 September onwards 159 In August 2020 Siemens Healthineers AG announced that it plans to acquire U S cancer device and software company Varian Medical Systems in an all stock deal valued at 16 4 billion 160 In October 2021 Siemens acquired the building IoT software and hardware company Wattsense for an undisclosed sum 161 In May 2022 Siemens decided to drop Russian operations and everything regarding the conglomerate on the Russian state amid the ongoing war of aggression against Ukraine since February 24 In July 2022 Siemens acquired ZONA Technology specialist in aerospace simulation firm 162 Products services and contribution Edit Siemens C651 trains for the Singapore MRT at Ulu Pandan Depot Siemens offers a wide range of electrical engineering and electronics related products and services 163 Its products can be broadly divided into the following categories buildings related products drives automation and industrial plant related products energy related products lighting medical products and transportation and logistics related products 163 Siemens buildings related products include building automation equipment and systems building operations equipment and systems building fire safety equipment and systems building security equipment and systems and low voltage switchgear including circuit protection and distribution products 163 Siemens drives automation and industrial plant related products include motors and drives for conveyor belts pumps and compressors heavy duty motors and drives for rolling steel mills compressors for oil and gas pipelines mechanical components including gears for wind turbines and cement mills automation equipment and systems and controls for production machinery and machine tools and industrial plant for water processing and raw material processing 163 Siemens energy related products include gas and steam turbines generators compressors on and offshore wind turbines high voltage transmission products power transformers high voltage switching products and systems alternating and direct current transmission systems medium voltage components and systems and power automation products 163 In the renewable energy industry the company provides a portfolio of products and services to help build and operate microgrids of any size It provides generation and distribution of electrical energy as well as monitoring and controlling of microgrids 164 By using primarily renewable energy microgrids reduce carbon dioxide emissions which is often required by government regulations It supplied a sustainable storage product and microgrids to Enel Produzione SPA for the island of Ventotene in Italy 164 Amtrak Siemens SC 44 Charger diesel electric passenger locomotive parked in Santa Fe Depot San Diego Siemens medical products include clinical information technology systems hearing instruments in vitro diagnostics equipment imaging equipment including angiography computed tomography fluoroscopy magnetic resonance mammography molecular imaging ultrasound and x ray equipment and radiation oncology and particle therapy equipment 163 As of 2015 update Siemens finalized the sale of its hearing aid hearing instruments business to Sivantos 165 166 Siemens transportation and logistics related products include equipment and systems for rail transportation including rail vehicles for mass transit regional and long distance transportation locomotives equipment and systems for rail electrification central control systems interlockings and automated train controls equipment and systems for road traffic including traffic detection information and guidance equipment and systems for airport logistics including cargo tracking and baggage handling and equipment and systems for postal automation including letter parcel sorting 163 A Siemens high voltage transformer A Siemens SPECT CT scanner in operation A Siemens wind power generator A Siemens steam turbine rotor A Siemens train in operation Bangkok Skytrain built by SiemensOperations EditThis section needs to be updated Please help update this article to reflect recent events or newly available information February 2020 Siemens is incorporated in Germany and has its corporate headquarters in Munich 167 As of 2011 has operations in around 190 countries and approximately 285 production and manufacturing facilities 167 Siemens had around 360 000 employees as of 30 September 2011 167 Research and development Edit This section needs to be updated Please help update this article to reflect recent events or newly available information February 2020 In 2011 Siemens invested a total of 3 925 billion in research and development equivalent to 5 3 of revenues 167 As of 30 September 2011 Siemens had approximately 11 800 Germany based employees engaged in research and development and approximately 16 000 in the rest of the world of whom the majority were based in either Austria China Croatia Denmark France India Japan Mexico The Netherlands Russia Slovakia Sweden Switzerland the United Kingdom or the United States 167 As of 30 September 2011 Siemens held approximately 53 300 patents worldwide 167 Siemens headquarters Munich front Siemens office building in Munich Giesing Siemens Tower in Berlin Siemensstadt Wernerwerk Werner s Factory in Berlin Siemensstadt Wernerwerk II in Berlin Siemensstadt Wernerwerk XV in Berlin Siemensstadt Siemens office building in Erlangen Siemens office building in Erlangen Siemens site in Munich Perlach Siemens Forum Munich Siemens Gas Turbine Factory formerly Ruston amp Hornsby Pelham Works Lincoln EnglandJoint ventures EditSiemens current joint ventures include Siemens Traction Equipment Ltd STEZ Zhuzhou China is a joint venture between Siemens Zhuzhou CSR Times Electric Co Ltd TEC and CSR Zhuzhou Electric Locomotive Co Ltd ZELC which produces AC drive electric locomotives and AC locomotive traction components 168 Primetals Technologies a joint venture between Siemens VAI Metals Technologies and Mitsubishi Hitachi Metals Machinery formed in 2015 OMNETRIC Group A Siemens amp Accenture company formed in 2014 169 Former joint ventures include Silcar was a joint venture between Siemens Ltd and Thiess Services Pty Ltd until 2013 Silcar is a 3 000 person Australian organisation providing productivity and reliability for large scale and technically complex plant assets Services include asset management design construction operations and maintenance Silcar operates across a range of industries and essential services including power generation electrical distribution manufacturing mining and telecommunications In July 2013 Thiess took full control 170 171 172 Finances EditFor the fiscal year 2017 Siemens reported earnings of EUR 6 046 billion with an annual revenue of 83 049 billion an increase of 4 3 over the previous fiscal cycle 173 Siemens shares traded at over US 58 per share and its market capitalization was valued at US 95 3 billion in November 2018 174 In November 2019 the company had higher fourth quarter earnings than expected with adjusted earnings before interest taxes and amortization totaling 2 64 billion 2 92 billion but warned of a slowdown especially in the car sector next year 6 Year Revenuein bn EUR Net incomein bn EUR Total Assetsin bn EUR Employees2013 75 882 4 284 101 936 362 0002014 71 920 5 373 104 879 357 0002015 75 636 7 282 120 348 348 0002016 79 644 5 450 125 717 351 0002017 83 049 6 046 133 804 372 0002018 83 044 5 807 138 915 379 0002019 86 849 5 174 150 248 385 0002020 57 139 4 030 123 897 293 0002021 62 265 6 161 139 608 295 000 In 2020 Siemens Energy became an independent companyShareholders EditThe company has issued 881 000 000 shares of common stock The largest single shareholder continues to be the founding shareholder the Siemens family with a stake of 6 9 62 are held by institutional asset managers the largest being two divisions of the world s largest asset manager BlackRock 83 97 of the shares are considered public float however including such strategic investors as the State of Qatar DIC Company Ltd with 3 04 the Government Pension Fund of Norway with 2 5 and Siemens AG itself with 3 04 19 are held by private investors 13 by investors that are considered unidentifiable 26 are owned by German investors 21 by US investors followed by the UK 11 France 8 Switzerland 8 and a number of others 26 175 Senior management EditChairmen of the Siemens Schuckertwerke Managing Board 1903 to 1966 176 Alfred Berliner 1903 to 1912 Carl Friedrich von Siemens 1912 to 1919 Otto Heinrich de 1919 to 1920 Carl Kottgen de 1920 to 1939 Rudolf Bingel de 1939 to 1945 Wolf Dietrich von Witzleben de 1945 to 1949 Gunther Scharowsky de 1949 to 1951 Friedrich Bauer 1951 to 1962 Bernhard Plettner 1962 to 1966 Chairmen of the Siemens amp Halske Siemens Schuckertwerke Supervisory Board 1918 to 1966 176 Wilhelm von Siemens 1918 to 1919 Carl Friedrich von Siemens 1919 to 1941 Hermann von Siemens 1941 to 1946 Friedrich Carl Siemens 1946 to 1948 Hermann von Siemens 1948 to 1956 Ernst von Siemens 1956 to 1966 Chairmen of the Siemens AG Managing Board 1966 to present 176 Hans Kerschbaum de Adolf Lohse de Bernhard Plettner Presidency of the Managing Board 1966 to 1967 Erwin Hachmann Bernhard Plettner Gerd Tacke Presidency of the Managing Board 1967 to 1968 Gerd Tacke 1968 to 1971 Bernhard Plettner 1971 to 1981 Karlheinz Kaske 1981 to 1992 Heinrich von Pierer 1992 to 2005 Klaus Kleinfeld 2005 to 2007 Peter Loscher 2007 to 2013 Joe Kaeser 2013 to 2021 Roland Busch 2021 to present Chairmen of the Siemens AG Supervisory Board 1966 to present 176 Ernst von Siemens 1966 to 1971 Peter von Siemens 1971 to 1981 Bernhard Plettner 1981 to 1988 Heribald Narger 1988 to 1993 Hermann Franz 1993 to 1998 Karl Hermann Baumann 1998 to 2005 Heinrich von Pierer 2005 to 2007 Gerhard Cromme de 2007 to 2018 Jim Hagemann Snabe 2018 to present Managing Board present day 177 178 Roland Busch CEO Siemens AG Klaus Helmrich Cedrik Neike CEO Digital Industries Matthias Rebellius CEO Smart Infrastructure Ralf P Thomas CFO Judith WieseSee also Edit Companies portalRenewable energy commercializationReferences Edit Corporate Information Siemens Aktiengesellschaft a b c d e f g Siemens Report for Fiscal 2021 PDF Siemens Retrieved 30 January 2022 Dudenredaktion Kleiner Stefan Knobl Ralf 2015 First published 1962 Das Ausspracheworterbuch The Pronunciation Dictionary in German 7th ed Berlin Dudenverlag ISBN 978 3 411 04067 4 Krech Eva Maria Stock Eberhard Hirschfeld Ursula Anders Lutz Christian 2009 Deutsches Ausspracheworterbuch German Pronunciation Dictionary in German Berlin Walter de Gruyter ISBN 978 3 11 018202 6 a b Wells John C 2008 Longman Pronunciation Dictionary 3rd ed Longman ISBN 9781405881180 a b Sachgau Oliver 7 November 2019 Siemens Quarterly Profit Surge Comes With Cautious Outlook Bloomberg com Retrieved 7 November 2019 AuntMinnie com Siemens Healthcare now known as Siemens Healthineers Archived 4 June 2016 at the Wayback Machine AuntMinnie com 4 May 2016 Retrieved on 12 May 2016 Reuters Siemens healthcare rebrands as Healthineers Archived 7 May 2016 at the Wayback Machine Reuters 4 May 2016 Retrieved on 12 May 2016 Siemens Corporate Website Siemens Healthcare Becomes Siemens Healthineers Archived 8 May 2016 at the Wayback Machine Siemens 4 May 2016 Retrieved on 12 May 2016 Hopner Martin Wocher Axel Vorreiter Siemens Digitalisierung vor dem Durchbruch www wiwo de in German Retrieved 21 November 2022 Automatisierung Das sind die umsatzstarksten Unternehmen Produktion Online in German Retrieved 21 November 2022 Frankfurt Stock Exchange Archived 19 November 2015 at the Wayback Machine The year is 1847 How it all began Siemens Historical Institute Siemens AG Archived from the original on 11 December 2020 Retrieved 27 October 2019 Halfway around the world in 28 minutes Indo European Telegraph Line Siemens Historical Institute Archived from the original on 20 January 2008 Retrieved 12 January 2008 Electrification of the world Werner von Siemens and the dynamoelectric principle Siemens Historical Institute Archived from the original on 20 September 2020 Retrieved 5 June 2019 Siemens website 1 August 2012 125 Years Siemens in Japan 1887 2012 Archived 5 March 2016 at the Wayback Machine Retrieved on 12 August 2013 A Brief History of the Hobart Electric Trams Hobart City Council Archived from the original on 24 December 2003 Retrieved 13 June 2021 Fiedler Martin 1999 Die 100 grossten Unternehmen in Deutschland nach der Zahl ihrer Beschaftigten 1907 1938 1973 und 1995 Zeitschrift fur Unternehmensgeschichte in German Munich Verlag C H Beck 1 32 66 doi 10 1515 zug 1999 0104 S2CID 165110552 Shining bright The interlinked history of Siemens and OSRAM Siemens Historical Institute Archived from the original on 30 September 2020 Retrieved 5 June 2019 Rudenberg H Gunther Rudenberg Paul G 2010 Chapter 6 Origin and Background of the Invention of the Electron Microscope Commentary and Expanded Notes on Memoir of Reinhold Rudenberg Advances in Imaging and Electron Physics Vol 160 Elsevier doi 10 1016 S1076 5670 10 60006 7 ISBN 978 0 12 381017 5 Setting the Course for the Future The Founding of Siemens AG Archived from the original on 25 October 2020 Retrieved 5 June 2019 Bushe Andrew 4 August 2002 Ardnacrusha Dam hard job Sunday Mirror Archived from the original on 21 February 2008 Retrieved 18 September 2010 a b Arendt Hannah 1964 Eichmann in Jerusalem Ein Bericht von der Banalitat des Bosen Munchen p 163 ISBN 978 3 492 24822 8 Guilpin Anais Le travail force dans les camps L Histoire par l image in French Retrieved 24 January 2015 Forced labor at Siemens Ravensbruck German Industry and the Third Reich Fifty Years of Forgetting and Remembering Archived 30 October 2012 at the Wayback Machine Adl org Retrieved on 19 September 2013 Anna Vavak Siemens amp Halske AG in the women s concentration camp at Ravensbruck RLS Siemens amp Halske im Frauenkonzentrationslager Ravensbruck Archived 22 April 2016 at the Wayback Machine Rosalux de Retrieved on 19 September 2013 Barbel Schindler Saefkow Jg 1943 Dr phil Historikerin Leiterin des Projekts Gedenkbuch Ravensbruck Margarete Buber 303f As prisoners of Stalin and Hitler Frankf Main Berlin 1993 Setting the Course for the Future The Founding of Siemens AG Siemens Historical Institute Archived from the original on 25 October 2020 Retrieved 5 June 2019 a b c d Vanessa Fuhrmans 15 April 2011 Siemens Rethinks Nuclear Ambitions The Wall Street Journal Funding Universe History of Marconi plc fundinguniverse com Retrieved 14 July 2012 a b c Malerba Franco The Semiconductor Business The Economics of Rapid Growth and Decline University of Wisconsin Press 1985 p 166 Rodengen pp 59 60 Reindustrialization Or New Industrialization Minutes of a Symposium January 13 1981 Part 3 National Academies 1981 p 53 Rodengen p 60 ADVANCED MICRO COMPUTERS INC Archived 4 November 2014 at the Wayback Machine CaliforniaFirm us ADVANCED MICRO COMPUTERS INC Archived 4 November 2014 at the Wayback Machine CaliforniaCompaniesList com a b Freiberger Paul AMD sued for alleged misuse of subsidiary s secrets InfoWorld 20 June 1983 p 28 Mini micro Systems Volume 15 Cahners Publishing Company 1982 p 286 Rodengen p 62 Siemens and Advanced Micro Devices Agree to Split Joint Venture The Wall Street Journal 14 February 1979 p 38 Swaine Michael Eight Companies to produce the 8086 chip InfoWorld 30 November 1981 p 78 Rodengen p 73 Allis Chalmers amp Siemens Allis Electrical Control Parts information about Siemens Allis Accontroldirect com Archived from the original on 26 November 2010 Retrieved 19 August 2010 Wald Matthew L 3 August 1989 ARCO to Sell Siemens Its Solar Energy Unit The New York Times ISSN 0362 4331 Retrieved 26 April 2019 a b History The Best of Both Worlds Wincor Nixdorf Archived from the original on 2 June 2007 Retrieved 10 October 2018 Galvez Munoz Lina Jones Geoffrey G 26 July 2005 Foreign Multinationals in the United States Routledge p 104 ISBN 9781134532100 Retrieved 10 October 2018 Markoff John 14 December 1988 I B M to Sell Rolm to Siemens The New York Times Retrieved 10 October 2018 Siemens Plessey Electronic Systems 1988 Archived from the original on 6 June 2013 Reuters 15 November 1997 Siemens to Buy Power Unit From Westinghouse LA Times Los Angeles Times Retrieved 2 April 2013 Siemens Electromechanical Components Group to be sold to Tyco DGAP 28 September 1999 archived from the original on 20 October 2020 retrieved 19 February 2020 Dave Mote Company History Shared Medical Systems Corporation Answers com Company News Siemans to acquire Shared Medical Systems The New York Times 2 May 2000 Mannesmann Archive brief history Mannesmann archiv de 2000 Archived from the original on 23 January 2015 Report to Securities and Exchange Commission Washington D C PDF Siemens com 27 August 2002 Bruce Davis 1 June 2000 Article Bosch Siemens to buy Atecs Mannesmann unit Brief Article European Rubber Journal Article Highbeam com Archived from the original on 19 January 2012 Company Overview of Moore Products Co Bloomberg News Retrieved 14 February 2018 Chemtech A Siemens company Chemtech com Archived from the original on 1 February 2008 Chemtech A Siemens Company energy siemens com Archived from the original on 9 April 2014 Siemens completes sale of business activities to private equity house KKR 26 September 2002 Archived from the original on 21 October 2020 Retrieved 27 July 2013 Shell Renewables Completes Acquisition of Siemens Solar www renewableenergyworld com 29 April 2002 Archived from the original on 28 October 2020 Retrieved 26 April 2019 Acquisition of Flow Division of Danfoss successful Automation siemens com 6 September 2003 Archived from the original on 28 July 2011 Siemens to buy IndX Software ITworld com 2 December 2003 Retrieved 18 September 2010 Siemens Venture Capital Investments IndX Software Corporation Finance siemens com United Nations Security Council 4943 S PV 4943 page 7 15 April 2004 Retrieved 6 September 2007 Malcolm Moore 7 April 2003 Siemens to buy Alstom turbines London Telegraph co uk Archived from the original on 11 January 2022 Retrieved 18 September 2010 Alstom completes the sale of its medium gas turbines and industrial steam turbines businesses to Siemens Alstom com 1 August 2003 dead link Siemens covets style over substance 11 February 2003 SIEMENS UNIT OPENS OFFICE IN SAN JOSE Archived from the original on 1 November 2013 SIEMENS TARGETS 10pc OF HANDSETS 7 March 2003 Siemens puts fashion way out in front Archived from the original on 30 October 2013 Eva Balslev 20 October 2004 Siemens buys Bonus Energy Guidedtour windpower org Archived from the original on 21 March 2011 Siemens to acquire Bonus Energy A S in Denmark and enter wind energy business Edubourse com 20 October 2004 Archived from the original on 10 July 2011 Retrieved 18 September 2010 Siemens Venture magazine PDF energy siemens com May 2005 p 5 Archived from the original PDF on 26 February 2011 Retrieved 19 August 2010 Michael Newlands 17 June 2004 Siemens ICN to invest E100m in Korean unit Dasan Total Telecom Totaltele com Archived from the original on 28 September 2011 Retrieved 19 August 2010 Nokia Siemens Networks sells 56 pc stake in Dasan Economictimes indiatimes com Reuters 28 August 2008 dead link Siemens hits the UK market running with Photo Scan takeover CCTV Today 1 November 2004 Siemens acquires US Filter Corp Siemens setzt auf Wasser und plant weitere Zukaufe Europe Intelligence Wire Accessmylibrary com 13 May 2004 Retrieved 18 September 2010 Chrysler Group s Huntsville electronics ops to be acquired by Siemens VDO Automotive Emsnow com 10 February 2004 Archived from the original on 2 January 2013 John Cox 10 December 2004 Siemens swallows start up Chantry Network World Fusion Network World US News techworld com Archived from the original on 18 July 2011 Retrieved 18 September 2010 Company History Flender Flender com Archived from the original on 10 March 2012 Bewator a bright future with a brand new name PDF buildingtechnologies siemens com April 2008 Archived from the original PDF on 7 October 2011 Siemens Power Generation Acquires Pittsburgh Based Wheelabrator Air Pollution Control Inc Business Portfolio Expanded to Include Emission Prevention and Control Solutions Business Wire Findarticles com 5 October 2005 Archived from the original on 16 October 2015 Siemens uebernimmt AN Windenergie GmbH Windmesse de 3 November 2005 Higgins Dan 11 January 2005 German conglomerate Siemens buys Schenectady N Y based energy software firm Times Union Albany New York Accesssmylibrary com Siemens buys CTI molecular imaging Instrument Business Outlook Allbusiness com 15 May 2005 Siemens acquires CTI Molecular Imaging Thefreelibrary com Siemens Power Transmission acquires Shaw Power Tech Int Ltd from Shaw Group Inc Thomson Financial Mergers amp Acquisitions Alacrastore com December 2004 Siemens Power Transmission amp Distribution has acquired the business activities of Shaw Power Technologies Inc in the U S and Shaw Power Technologies Limited in the U K Utility Automation amp Engineering T amp D Alacrastore com 1 January 2005 Siemens acquires Transmitton PDF Press release Siemenstransportation co uk 15 August 2005 Archived from the original PDF on 8 November 2007 Bloomberg com 20 May 2007 Retrieved 12 January 2008 Report Siemens Scandal May Involve Top Executives DW 27 November 2006 a b c d e f g h Schubert Siri Miller T Christian 20 December 2008 At Siemens Bribery Was Just a Line Item The New York Times a b c d e f O Reilly Cary Matussek Karin 16 December 2008 Siemens to Pay 1 6 Billion to Settle Bribery Cases The Washington Post a b c Gow David 15 December 2008 Record US fine ends Siemens bribery scandal The Guardian Nigeria probes Siemens bribe case United States of America v Siemens Aktiengesellschaft PDF United States District Court for the District of Columbia 2 May 2013 This article incorporates text from this source which is in the public domain Sims Richard 2001 Japanese Political History Since the Meiji Renovation 1868 2000 Palgrave Macmillan p 113 ISBN 0 312 23915 7 Sims G Thomas 15 May 2007 The New York Times Retrieved 15 May 2007 Oduor Jacinta Anyango Fernando Francisca M U Flah Agustin Gottwald Dorothee Hauch Jeanne M Mathias Marianne Park Ji Won Stolpe Oliver 2013 Left Out of the Bargain Settlements in Foreign Bribery Cases and Implications for Asset Recovery World Bank Publications pp 80 133 ISBN 9781464800870 Press release Siemens Launches US 100 Million Initiative for Anti Corruption World Bank and Siemens 9 December 2009 Press release Siemens selects initial projects for US 100 million Integrity Initiative World Bank and Siemens 9 December 2010 Press release Siemens Integrity Initiative enters the second round PDF World Bank and Siemens 10 December 2014 Archived from the original PDF on 7 August 2020 Retrieved 29 July 2017 Nigeria Bribe Scandal Siemens Fined N7 Billion Debt crisis Greek government signs 330m settlement with Siemens Telegraph co uk 27 August 2012 Archived from the original on 11 January 2022 Retrieved 16 February 2016 Ypo8esh Siemens Stis 24 Febroyarioy arxizei h dikh 22 November 2016 Courts issue warrants for arrest of Karavelas and Christoforakos 5 February 2014 Kai trito eyrwpaiko entalma syllhpshs Ex Boss Could Help Shed Light on Corruption Der Spiegel 29 June 2009 Eley8eros o Xristoforakos a b Ex power company execs charged in massive Siemens bribery case The Times of Israel Retrieved 26 August 2016 NBC Bayer Sells Diagnostics unit to Siemens Archived 12 August 2016 at the Wayback Machine NBC News 29 June 2006 Retrieved 12 May 2016 Siemens Acquires Controlotron Impeller net Archived from the original on 27 November 2010 Retrieved 19 August 2010 Controlotron Company Reference Sea siemens com 1 Archived 4 April 2012 at the Wayback Machine a b EU cracks down on electricity gear cartel EurActiv 25 January 2007 Archived from the original on 3 March 2016 Retrieved 7 February 2008 Board member arrested in new blow for Siemens Archived from the original on 10 December 2022 Associated Press quoted by Forbes Nokia Siemens Venture to Start in April dead link 15 March 2007 International Herald Tribune Bribery trial deepens Siemens woes Archived 11 December 2008 at the Wayback Machine 13 March 2007 Agande Ben Miebi Senge 5 December 2007 Bribe FG blacklists Siemens Vanguard Vanguard Media Retrieved 7 December 2007 Taiwo Juliana 6 December 2007 FG Blacklists Siemens Cancels Contract Thisday Leaders amp Company Archived from the original on 8 December 2007 Retrieved 7 December 2007 Merrill Molly Siemens acquires Dade Behring for 7B Archived 5 June 2016 at the Wayback Machine Healthcare IT News 25 July 2007 Retrieved 12 May 2016 Siemens to spin off SEN into JV with Gores Group Reuters 29 July 2008 Siemens invests 15 million in Israeli solar company Arava Power PDF Press release Siemens AG 28 August 2009 Retrieved 27 June 2011 Cellan Jones Rory 22 June 2009 Hi tech helps Iranian monitoring BBC News Retrieved 7 April 2010 Eli Lake 13 April 2009 Fed contractor cell phone maker sold spy system to Iran Washington Times Rhoads Christopher Chao Loretta 22 June 2009 Iran s Web Spying Aided By Western Technology The Wall Street Journal Valentina Pop 3 June 2010 Nokia Siemens Rues Iran Crackdown Role www businessweek com archived from the original on 5 March 2016 Tarmo Virki 13 December 2011 Nokia Siemens to ramp down Iran operations ca reuters com Matt Warman 11 February 2010 Nokia Siemens instrumental to persecution and arrests of Iranian dissidents says EU www telegraph co uk London archived from the original on 11 January 2022 Siemens to decisively strengthen its position in the growth market solar thermal power Reference number Siemens ERE200910 13e PDF Press release Siemens AG Press Office Energy Sector Renewable Energy Division 15 October 2009 Archived from the original PDF on 4 November 2012 Retrieved 4 May 2011 a b Fromm Thomas 17 December 2010 Trennung zehn Jahre zu spat in German Suddeutsche Zeitung GmbH Eshel Tamir 27 December 2010 Siemens Depart from KMW Defense Update Siemens to quit nuclear industry BBC News 18 September 2011 Siemens To Acquire LMS International Quick Facts 8 November 2012 Retrieved 31 July 2013 Ewing Adam 1 July 2013 Nokia Buys Out Siemens in Equipment Venture for 2 2 Billion 4 Businessweek Retrieved 5 August 2013 Maria Sheahan 6 August 2013 Siemens wins 967 million order from Saudi Aramco Reuters Archived from the original on 18 July 2020 Retrieved 2 July 2017 Stanley Reedmarch 25 March 2014 Siemens to Invest 264 Million in British Wind Turbine Project The New York Times Rolls Royce sells energy arm to Siemens in 1bn deal The Telegraph London 7 May 2014 Archived from the original on 11 January 2022 Jens Hack and Natalie Huet Siemens and Mitsubishi challenge GE with Alstom offer Reuters 16 June 2014 Archived 16 October 2015 at the Wayback Machine Pulsinelli Olivia 22 December 2015 Dresser Rand to close Houston facility cut jobs Houston Business Journal Retrieved 6 December 2017 Ludwig Burger 22 September 2014 Siemens in agreed 7 6 billion deal to buy Dresser Rand Reuters Siemens to expand its digital industrial leadership with acquisition of Mentor Graphics www siemens com Retrieved 14 November 2016 Department of Justice Office of Public Affairs 27 November 2017 U S Charges Three Chinese Hackers Who Work at Internet Security Firm for Hacking Three Corporations for Commercial Advantage United States Department of Justice Siemens buys Fast Track Diagnostics to boost molecular offering Reuters 15 December 2017 Retrieved 15 December 2017 Siemens strengthens its digital enterprise leadership with acquisition of mendix www siemens com Allen Nathan Siemens to acquire J2 Innovations MarketWatch Retrieved 28 April 2020 Wilson Alexandra Siemens Doubles Down On Smart Building Investment Acquiring Oakland Startup Comfy Forbes Retrieved 28 April 2020 Siemens drives digital transformation in buildings with acquisition of Enlighted Retrieved 28 April 2020 Siemens Orascom sign deal to rebuild Iraq power plant Reuters 14 September 2019 Retrieved 17 September 2019 Massola James Big surge in opposition to Adani new polling reveals The Sydney Morning Herald Retrieved 12 February 2020 Readfearn Graham Adani coalmine Siemens CEO has empathy for environment but refuses to quit contract The Guardian Retrieved 12 February 2020 Prasad Rachita Siemens to acquire C amp S Electric for Rs 2 100 crore The Economic Times Retrieved 27 February 2021 CCI approves Siemens acquisition of C amp S Electric businessline 20 August 2020 Retrieved 27 February 2021 Siemens acquires iMetrex Technologies Hindustan Times 24 April 2007 Retrieved 27 February 2021 Siemens baut fokussierten Energieriesen und steigert Leistungsfah press siemens com in German Retrieved 2 September 2020 magazin manager Joe Kaeser will keine Kohle mehr manager magazin Unternehmen www manager magazin de in German Retrieved 2 September 2020 Siemens Healthineers AG SEMHF announced on Sunday that it plans to acquire U S cancer device and software company Varian Medical Systems VAR in an all stock deal valued at 16 4 billion 2 August 2020 Retrieved 3 August 2020 Siemens Acquires Wattsense to Boost IoT Systems for Small and Medium Buildings Automation com 6 October 2021 Innovates Dallas Cummings Kevin 15 July 2022 Follow the Money Fort Worth Biotech Raises 16M VC Firm Raises 25M for Debut Fund S2 Capital Surpasses Blackstone as Region s Most Active Multifamily Investor and More Dallas Innovates Retrieved 20 July 2022 a b c d e f g Profile Siemens AG Reuters Retrieved 3 September 2012 a b Siemens About Siemens www siemens com Retrieved 8 October 2018 Henning Eyk Alessi Christopher 22 October 2014 Siemens In Talks To Sell Hearing Aid Business European Business News The Wall Street Journal Sivantos Siemens Audiology business is now Sivantos Archived 3 March 2016 at the Wayback Machine Sivantos Website 16 January 2015 Retrieved 12 May 2016 a b c d e f Annual Report 2011 PDF Siemens Retrieved 3 September 2012 Siemens Traction Equipment Ltd Zhuzhou PDF CN siemens com Archived from the original PDF on 21 September 2013 Company Overview of Omnetric Group Bloomberg Retrieved 1 August 2017 Bingemann Mitchell 22 August 2013 Silcar s top staff go as Thiess puts in its own The Australian Retrieved 13 February 2014 Adhikari Supratim 22 August 2013 Silcar old guard makes way as Thiess exerts control Business Spectator Archived from the original on 8 March 2014 Retrieved 13 February 2014 Capabilities Services Telecommunications Thiess Archived from the original on 22 February 2014 Retrieved 13 February 2014 Siemens Bilanz Gewinn und Umsatz Siemens Geschaftsbericht 723610 wallstreet online de Retrieved 4 November 2018 SIEGY Key Statistics SIEMENS AG Stock Yahoo Finance finance yahoo com Retrieved 4 November 2018 Annual Report Archived 8 April 2016 at the Wayback Machine as of July 2015 a b c d Chairmen of the Managing Board and Supervisory Board of Siemens amp Halske AG and Siemens Schuckertwerke GmbH AG or Siemens AG PDF Siemens Archived from the original PDF on 29 October 2020 Retrieved 28 August 2012 Managing Board Siemens Retrieved 5 March 2021 Managing Board Archived 9 September 2016 at the Wayback MachineSiemens Global Website Retrieved 17 October 2016 Further reading EditShaping the Future The Siemens Entrepreneurs 1847 2018 Ed Siemens Historical Institute Hamburg 2018 ISBN 9 783867 746243 Weiher Siegfried von Herbert Goetzeler 1984 The Siemens Company Its Historical Role in the Progress of Electrical Engineering 1847 1980 2nd ed Berlin and Munich Feldenkirchen Wilfried 2000 Siemens From Workshop to Global Player Munich Feldenkirchen Wilfried Eberhard Posner 2005 The Siemens Entrepreneurs Continuity and Change 1847 2005 Ten Portraits Munich Greider William 1997 One World Ready or Not Penguin Press ISBN 0 7139 9211 5 Margarete Buber 303f As prisoners of Stalin and Hitler Frankf Main Berlin 1993 See Carola Sachse Jewish forced labor and non Jewish women and men at Siemens from 1940 to 1945 in International Scientific Correspondence No 1 1991 pp 12 24 Karl Heinz Roth forced labor in the Siemens Group 1938 1945 Facts controversies problems in Hermann Kaienburg ed concentration camps and the German Economy 1939 1945 Social studies H 34 Opladen 1996 pp 149 168 Wilfried Feldenkirchen 1918 1945 Siemens Munich 1995 Ulrike fire Claus Fullberg Stolberg Sylvia Kempe work at Ravensbruck concentration camp in Women in concentration camps Bergen Belsen Ravensbruck Bremen 1994 pp 55 69 Ursula Krause Schmitt The path to the Siemens stock led past the crematorium in Information German Resistance Study Group Frankfurt Main 18 Jg No 37 38 Nov 1993 pp 38 46 Sigrid Jacobeit working at Siemens in Ravensbruck in Dietrich Eichholz eds War and economy Studies on German economic history 1939 1945 Berlin 1999 Bundesarchiv Berlin NS 19 No 968 Communication on the creation of the barracks for the Siemens amp Halske the planned production and the planned expansion for 2 500 prisoners after direct discussions with this company Economic and Administrative Main Office of the SS WVHA Oswald Pohl secretly to Reichsfuhrer SS RFSS Heinrich Himmler dated 20 October 1942 Karl Heinz Roth forced labor in the Siemens Group with a summary table page 157 See also Ursula Krause Schmitt The road to Siemens stock led to the crematorium past over pp 36f where according to the catalogs of the International Tracing Service Arolsen and Martin Weinmann eds The Nazi camp system Frankfurt Main 1990 and Feldkirchen Siemens 1918 1945 pp 198 214 and in particular the associated annotations 91 187 MSS in the estate include Wanda Kiedrzy nska in National Library of Poland Warsaw Manuscript Division Sygn akc 12013 1 and archive the memorial I 6 7 139 RA see also Woman Ravensbruck concentration camp An overall presentation State Justice Administration in Ludwigsburg IV ART 409 Z 39 59 April 1972 pp 129ff External links Edit Wikimedia Commons has media related to Siemens Official website Documents and clippings about Siemens in the 20th Century Press Archives of the ZBW Siemens Historical Institute Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Siemens amp oldid 1131528613, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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