Chiapas Zoque is a dialect cluster of Zoquean languages indigenous to southern Mexico (Wichmann 1995). The three varieties with ISO codes, Francisco León (about 20,000 speakers in 1990), Copainalá (about 10,000), and Rayón (about 2,000), are named after the towns they are spoken in, though residents of Francisco León were relocated after their town was buried in the eruption of El Chichón Volcano in 1982. Francisco León and Copainalá are 83% mutually intelligible according to Ethnologue.
South: Tuxtla Gutiérrez (Copoya), Berriozabal, San Fernando, Ocozocuautla
Another language, Jitotolteco, was announced in 2011.[4][5] Jitotoltec is a recently discovered language belonging to the Zoquean branch of the Mixe-Zoquean language family spoken in Chiapas. It is not a dialect of Chiapas Zoque.[4]
Current situationedit
There are about 15,000 speakers of Chiapas Zoque, although the number is rapidly decreasing (Faarlund 2012:3). The vast majority of speakers reside in Tapalapa, Ocotepec, and Pantepec. 80%–90% of the population in Tapalapa and Ocotepec (combined population: about 10,000) are speakers of Zoque (Faarlund 2012). 50% of the population in Pantepec (pop. 8,000) are Zoque speakers.
Before the publication of Jan Terje Faarlund's A Grammar of Chiapas Zoque (2012), the best documented Chiapas Zoque variety has been that of Copainalá due to the work of William Wonderly and other scholars. More detailed work has been done on Gulf Zoque and Oaxaca Zoque languages. Chiapas Zoque is an endangered language due to rapid language shift to Spanish among Zoque youths, although this is mitigated by the Zoque people's attempts to preserve their culture and language (Faarlund 2012:3).
The liquids /l, r/ mostly occur in Spanish loanwords.[6]
Lexical comparisonedit
The following table shows how numerals in two of the principal varieties of Chiapas Zoque compare to the numerals of proto-Zoque.[7][8]
Numeral
proto-Zoque
Copainalá Zoque
Francisco León Zoque
1
*tum-
tumi
tumi
2
*mehts-, *wis-
metsa
metskuy
3
*tuku-
tukaʔy
tuʔkay
4
*mak(ta)s-
makškuʔ
maksikuy
5
*mos-
mosaʔ
mosay
6
*tuhtu-
tuhtaʔ
tuhtay
7
*wis.tuh-
kuʔyaʔy
kuʔyay
8
*tuku.tuhtu-
tukutuhtaʔy
takutuh-
9
*maks.tuhtu-
makstuhtaʔy
maks.tuh-
10
*mahk-
mahkaʔy
mahkay
Referencesedit
^Copainalá Zoque at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015) (subscription required) Francisco León Zoque at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015) (subscription required) Rayón Zoque at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015) (subscription required)
^Wichmann, Søren (1995). The relationship among the Mixe-Zoquean languages of Mexico. Salt Lake City: University of Utah Press. ISBN978-0874804874. OCLC 32589134.
^Wonderly, William L. (January 1949). "Some Zoquean Phonemic and Morphophonemic Correspondences". International Journal of American Linguistics. 15 (1): 1–11. doi:10.1086/464019. ISSN 0020-7071. S2CID 144004847.
^ abZavala, Roberto. 2011. El jitotolteco: Una lengua zoqueana desconocida. Keynote Presentation, Conference on the Indigenous Languages of Latin America VI. October, 2011.
^Hammarström, Harald; Forkel, Robert; Haspelmath, Martin, eds. (2017). "Jitotolteco". Glottolog 3.0. Jena, Germany: Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History.
^Faarlund, Jan Terje (2012-04-19). A Grammar of Chiapas Zoque. OUP Oxford. ISBN9780199693214.
Faarlund, Jan Terje. 2012. A Grammar of Chiapas Zoque. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Wichmann, Søren, 1995. The Relationship Among the Mixe–Zoquean Languages of Mexico. University of Utah Press. Salt Lake City. ISBN0-87480-487-6
External linksedit
Copainalá Zoqueedit
Harrison, Roy; Margarita Harrison; Castulo Garcia H. (1981). . Mariano Silva y Aceves. Instituto Lingüístico de Verano. Archived from the original on 2013-07-06. Retrieved 2013-09-18.
OLAC resources in and about the Copainalá Zoque language
Francisco León Zoqueedit
Engel; Engel (1987). . Mariano Silva y Aceves. Instituto Lingüístico de Verano. Archived from the original on 2013-08-30. Retrieved 2013-09-18.
OLAC resources in and about the Francisco León Zoque language
Rayón Zoqueedit
Harrison, Roy; Margarita Harrison; Francisco Lopez Juarez; Cosme Ordones (1984). . Mariano Silva y Aceves. Instituto Lingüístico de Verano. Archived from the original on 2013-07-06. Retrieved 2013-09-18.
OLAC resources in and about the Rayón Zoque language
February 16, 2024
chiapas, zoque, dialect, cluster, zoquean, languages, indigenous, southern, mexico, wichmann, 1995, three, varieties, with, codes, francisco, león, about, speakers, 1990, copainalá, about, rayón, about, named, after, towns, they, spoken, though, residents, fra. Chiapas Zoque is a dialect cluster of Zoquean languages indigenous to southern Mexico Wichmann 1995 The three varieties with ISO codes Francisco Leon about 20 000 speakers in 1990 Copainala about 10 000 and Rayon about 2 000 are named after the towns they are spoken in though residents of Francisco Leon were relocated after their town was buried in the eruption of El Chichon Volcano in 1982 Francisco Leon and Copainala are 83 mutually intelligible according to Ethnologue Chiapas ZoqueNative toMexicoRegionChiapasNative speakers 30 000 35 000 cited 1990 census 1 Language familyMixe Zoquean ZoqueanChiapas ZoqueLanguage codesISO 639 3Variously a href https iso639 3 sil org code zoc class extiw title iso639 3 zoc zoc a Copainala Zoque a href https iso639 3 sil org code zos class extiw title iso639 3 zos zos a Francisco Leon Zoque a href https iso639 3 sil org code zor class extiw title iso639 3 zor zor a Rayon ZoqueGlottologchia1261 Contents 1 Classification 2 Current situation 3 Phonology 4 Lexical comparison 5 References 6 External links 6 1 Copainala Zoque 6 2 Francisco Leon Zoque 6 3 Rayon ZoqueClassification editThe following classification of Chiapas Zoque dialects is from 2 3 Chiapas ZoqueNorth Francisco Leon Ostuacan Northeast Rayon Pantepec Tapilula Tapalapa Ocotepec Chapultenango Amatan Tapijulapa Oxolotan Central Copainala Tecpatan Coapilla South Tuxtla Gutierrez Copoya Berriozabal San Fernando OcozocuautlaAnother language Jitotolteco was announced in 2011 4 5 Jitotoltec is a recently discovered language belonging to the Zoquean branch of the Mixe Zoquean language family spoken in Chiapas It is not a dialect of Chiapas Zoque 4 Current situation editThere are about 15 000 speakers of Chiapas Zoque although the number is rapidly decreasing Faarlund 2012 3 The vast majority of speakers reside in Tapalapa Ocotepec and Pantepec 80 90 of the population in Tapalapa and Ocotepec combined population about 10 000 are speakers of Zoque Faarlund 2012 50 of the population in Pantepec pop 8 000 are Zoque speakers Before the publication of Jan Terje Faarlund s A Grammar of Chiapas Zoque 2012 the best documented Chiapas Zoque variety has been that of Copainala due to the work of William Wonderly and other scholars More detailed work has been done on Gulf Zoque and Oaxaca Zoque languages Chiapas Zoque is an endangered language due to rapid language shift to Spanish among Zoque youths although this is mitigated by the Zoque people s attempts to preserve their culture and language Faarlund 2012 3 Phonology editVowels Front BackClose i uClose mid e oOpen mid ʌOpen aConsonants Bilabial Alveolar Palatal Velar GlottalNasal m n ŋPlosive p t k ʔAffricate t sFricative s hGlide j wThe liquids l r mostly occur in Spanish loanwords 6 Lexical comparison editThe following table shows how numerals in two of the principal varieties of Chiapas Zoque compare to the numerals of proto Zoque 7 8 Numeral proto Zoque Copainala Zoque Francisco Leon Zoque1 tum tumi tumi2 mehts wis metsa metskuy3 tuku tukaʔy tuʔkay4 mak ta s makskuʔ maksikuy5 mos mosaʔ mosay6 tuhtu tuhtaʔ tuhtay7 wis tuh kuʔyaʔy kuʔyay8 tuku tuhtu tukutuhtaʔy takutuh 9 maks tuhtu makstuhtaʔy maks tuh 10 mahk mahkaʔy mahkayReferences edit Copainala Zoque at Ethnologue 18th ed 2015 subscription required Francisco Leon Zoque at Ethnologue 18th ed 2015 subscription required Rayon Zoque at Ethnologue 18th ed 2015 subscription required Wichmann Soren 1995 The relationship among the Mixe Zoquean languages of Mexico Salt Lake City University of Utah Press ISBN 978 0874804874 OCLC 32589134 Wonderly William L January 1949 Some Zoquean Phonemic and Morphophonemic Correspondences International Journal of American Linguistics 15 1 1 11 doi 10 1086 464019 ISSN 0020 7071 S2CID 144004847 a b Zavala Roberto 2011 El jitotolteco Una lengua zoqueana desconocida Keynote Presentation Conference on the Indigenous Languages of Latin America VI October 2011 Hammarstrom Harald Forkel Robert Haspelmath Martin eds 2017 Jitotolteco Glottolog 3 0 Jena Germany Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History Faarlund Jan Terje 2012 04 19 A Grammar of Chiapas Zoque OUP Oxford ISBN 9780199693214 Mark Rosenfelder s Metaverse Mixe Zoquean Soren Wichmann 2007 pp 231 233 Faarlund Jan Terje 2012 A Grammar of Chiapas Zoque Oxford Oxford University Press Wichmann Soren 1995 The Relationship Among the Mixe Zoquean Languages of Mexico University of Utah Press Salt Lake City ISBN 0 87480 487 6External links editCopainala Zoque edit Harrison Roy Margarita Harrison Castulo Garcia H 1981 Diccionario zoque de Copainala Mariano Silva y Aceves Instituto Linguistico de Verano Archived from the original on 2013 07 06 Retrieved 2013 09 18 OLAC resources in and about the Copainala Zoque languageFrancisco Leon Zoque edit Engel Engel 1987 Zoque de Francisco Leon Mariano Silva y Aceves Instituto Linguistico de Verano Archived from the original on 2013 08 30 Retrieved 2013 09 18 OLAC resources in and about the Francisco Leon Zoque languageRayon Zoque edit Harrison Roy Margarita Harrison Francisco Lopez Juarez Cosme Ordones 1984 Vocabulario zoque de Rayon Mariano Silva y Aceves Instituto Linguistico de Verano Archived from the original on 2013 07 06 Retrieved 2013 09 18 OLAC resources in and about the Rayon Zoque language Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Chiapas Zoque amp oldid 1133185067, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
