Rajmahal
Rajmahal is a subdivisional town and a notified area in Rajmahal subdivision of the Sahebganj district in the Indian state of Jharkhand. It is situated at the banks of Ganges and was former capital of Bengal Subah under Mughal governor, Man Singh I.
Rajmahal | |
|---|---|
Town | |
Rajmahal Location in Jharkhand, India Rajmahal Rajmahal (India) | |
| Coordinates: 25°03′N 87°50′E / 25.05°N 87.84°E | |
| Country | India |
| State | Jharkhand |
| District | Sahibganj |
| Population (2011) | |
| • Total | 22,514 |
| Languages (*For language details see Rajmahal (community development block)#Language and religion) | |
| • Official | Hindi |
| Time zone | UTC+5:30 (IST) |
| Vehicle registration | JH |
Geography edit
M: municipality, CT: census town, R: rural/ urban centre, H: historical/ religious/ tourist centre
Owing to space constraints in the small map, the actual locations in a larger map may vary slightly
Area edit
Rajmahal has an area of 7.5 square kilometres (2.9 sq mi).[1]
Overview edit
The map shows a hilly area with the Rajmahal hills running from the bank of the Ganges in the extreme north to the south, beyond the area covered by the map into Dumka district. ‘Farakka’ is marked on the map and that is where Farakka Barrage is, just inside West Bengal. Rajmahal coalfield is shown in the map. The entire area is overwhelmingly rural with only small pockets of urbanisation.[2]
Note: The full screen map is interesting. All places marked on the map are linked and you can easily move on to another page of your choice. Enlarge the map to see what else is there – one gets railway links, many more road links and so on.
History edit
Rajmahal region was earlier ruled by Raja Mal sub-group of Mal Paharia tribes. Earlier this place was known as "Agmahal" and is surrounded by Rajmahal hills on one side and river Ganges on another side. The region was also known as 'Daman-i-Koh' during Mughal rule.
In 1576, Battle of Rajmahal was fought between Mughal Emperor, Akbar and Sultan of Bengal, Daud Khan Karrani of Karrani Dynasty. After war, Daud Khan was captured and later executed by the Mughals.
Later, after the conquest of Odisha in 1592, Raja Man Singh I, Mughal governor of Bengal Subah came to Rajmahal. He chose the site for his capital in 1595–96 because of its strategic command of the Teliagarhi Pass and the Ganges River. Raja Man Singh I, also renamed the town in 1595 as 'Akbarnagar' in tribute to Emperor Akbar and he also constructed palace, garden and mosque on behalf of Mughal rulers.[3] In 1610, the capital of Bengal was transferred to Dacca (now Dhaka, Bangladesh) by Islam Khan.[4]
In 1639, Rajmahal regained its glory and was once more made the capital of Bengal by Shah Shuja, governor of Bengal Subah and second son of Emperor Shah Jahan. It continued as the seat of the Mughal Viceroy up to 1660 and a mint town till 1661.
In 1757, Battle of Plassey was fought between Robert Clive and Nawab of Bengal, Siraj-ud-Daulah where Nawab lost the war due to treachery of Mir Jafar and he fled from Murshidabad towards Patna. During his halt at Rajmahal, Siraj-ud-Daulah was captured by Mir Jafar's son Miran and was murdered at the site.[5]
Battle of Udhwa nala at Rajmahal was fought between Mir Qasim, and British in 1763. Nawab Mir Qasim was defeated by the British and fled with his family to the Rohtas (Bihar), but was not able to hide at the Rohtasgarh Fort.
During British rule, Permanent Settlement was passed in 1793 and it forced the landlords to improve productivity of the land. The Santals were increasingly used for land reclamation and improvement and further Santals got permanently settled in the region. British also constructed Neel-Kothi for process and storage of Neel (Indigo) which was used for dying cotton cloth.[6]
Later, Daman-i-Koh became the origin of Santhal Rebellion and leaders like Sidhu and Kanhu Murmu, Chand and Bhairab, etc. and they fought against the British colonial authority and the corrupt zamindari system mobilizing more than 10,000 Santhals.
Geology edit
Plant Fossil bearing Inter-trappean beds of Rajmahal Formation nearby has been declared the National Geological Monuments of India by the Geological Survey of India (GSI), for their protection, maintenance, promotion and enhancement of geotourism.[7][8][9]
Demographics edit
According to the 2011 Census of India, Rajmahal had a total population of 22,514, of which 11,755 (52%) were males and 10,730 (48%) were females. Population in the age range 0–6 years was 3,985. The total number of literate persons in Rajmhal was 11,618 (62.70% of the population over 6 years).[1]
Infrastructure edit
According to the District Census Handbook 2011, Sahibganj, Rajmahal covered an area of 7.5 km2. Among the civic amenities, it had 10 km roads with both open and closed drains, the protected water supply involved hand pump, uncovered well. It had 4,025 domestic electric connections, 456 road lighting points. Among the medical facilities, it had 3 hospitals, 2 dispensaries, 2 health centres, 1 family welfare centre, 6 maternity and child welfare centres, 1 maternity home, 1 TB hospital/ clinic, 1 nursing home, 1 charitable hospital/ nursing home, 1 veterinary hospital, 20 medicine shops. Among the educational facilities it had 15 primary schools, 6 middle schools, 2 secondary schools, 2 senior secondary schools, 1 general degree college, 1 non-formal education centre (Sarva Sikhsha Abhiyan). Among the social, cultural and recreational facilities, it had 2 cinema theatres, 2 auditorium/ community halls, 2 public libraries, 2 reading rooms. Three important commodities it produced were china clay products, electrical goods, wooden goods. It had the branch offices of 3 nationalised banks, 1 private commercial bank, 1 cooperative bank, 2 agricultural credit society.[10]
Tourist attractions edit
- Teliagarhi Fort, It was built by family of Teli Zamindar before Islamic rule in the region. Teliagarhi is also called 'Ancient Gateway of Bengal'.[11]
- The Jami Mosque, built in reign of Emperor Akbar at Mangalhat
- Baradari, build by Fateh Jung khan, a wealthy zamindar of Bengal. Half of the structure was bombed by Mughal governor, Man Singh.
- Akbari Mosque built in 1556 by Mughal governor, Man Singh I
- Palace of Shah Shuja, consists Singhi Dalan, a marble pavilion facing the river Ganges[12]
- Palace of Mīr Qasīm, Nawab of Bengal.
- Tomb of Maina-Bibi, built in 1779. Historian H.M Qureshi has identified the tomb with Munni Begum, who was a Begum of the harem of Nawab Mir Jaffer of Bengal
- Tomb of Miran, son of Mir Jafar, Nawab of Bengal
- Neel Kothi, built by British
- Taksal of Jagat Seth, notable banker of Bengal
- Kanhaiyasthan, It is believed that the place was visited by Chaitanya Mahaprabhu
- Shivgadi, a cave temple of Hindu god, Shiva
- Bhognadih, the place where Santhal Rebellion initiated, a monument is also erected on the place and every year Shaheed Mela is organised
- Moti Jharna waterfalls
- Udhwa Bird Sanctuary
Rajmahal paintings gallery edit
- Akbari mosque overlooking the Ganges at Rajmahal
- Tomb and Distant View of the Rajmahal Hills, William Hodges, Yale Center for British Art
- Tomb with a distant view of the Rajmahal hills by William Hodges
- A View of the Gate of the Caravan Serai at Rajmahal, William Hodges, Yale Center for British Art
- Gateway to a caravan serai at Rajmhal by William Hodges
- Santal village at Rajmahal (wood etching)
- View of a Mausoleum at Rajmahal, 1781, William Hodges, Yale Center for British Art
- View of the Rajmahal Hills, 1782, William Hodges, Yale Center for British Art
- View of the Rajmahal Hills With a Sentenial in the Foreground, William Hodges, Yale Center for British Art
- Ruins of Prince Shuja's Palace at Rajmahal, William Hodges, Yale Center for British Art
- Old Mosque at Rajemahl, Samuel Davis, Yale Center for British Art
- River View near Rajmahal, Samuel Davis, Yale Center for British Art
Administration edit
Assembly segments edit
Presently, Rajmahal Lok Sabha constituency comprises the following six Vidhan Sabha (legislative assembly) segments:[13]
| Constituency number | Name | Reserved for (SC/ST/None) | District |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Rajmahal | None | Sahebganj |
| 2 | Borio | ST | Sahebganj |
| 3 | Barhait | ST | Sahebganj |
| 4 | Litipara | ST | Pakur |
| 5 | Pakaur | None | Pakur |
| 6 | Maheshpur | ST | Pakur |
Members of Parliament edit
The Rajmahal (Lok Sabha constituency) is centered around the city and Vijay Kumar Hansdak is the M.P of the region from Jharkhand Mukti Morch.
See also edit
References edit
- ^ a b "District Census Handbook, Sahibganj, Series 21, Part XII B" (PDF). Page 25: District Primary Census Abstract, 2011 census. Directorate of Census Operations Jharkhand. (PDF) from the original on 16 November 2020. Retrieved 25 November 2020.
- ^ Roychoudhury, P.C. (1965). "Bihar District Gazetteers: Santhal Parganas". Chapter I: General. Secretariat Press, Patna, 1965. Retrieved 5 December 2020.
- ^ "Mansingh, Raja - Banglapedia". en.banglapedia.org. from the original on 3 August 2020. Retrieved 28 September 2020.
- ^ "Islam Khan Chisti - Banglapedia". en.banglapedia.org. from the original on 2 February 2015. Retrieved 28 September 2020.
- ^ "Battle of Plassey: God Fought for Great Britain". Probashi. 19 April 2015. from the original on 4 December 2019. Retrieved 25 April 2020.
- ^ Sarkar, Jadunath (1984). A History of Jaipur, c. 1503-1938, New Delhi: Orient Longman, ISBN 81-250-0333-9, p.81
- ^ . Archived from the original on 12 July 2017. Retrieved 21 January 2019.
- ^ "Geo-Heritage Sites". pib.nic.in. Press Information Bureau. 9 March 2016. from the original on 1 December 2017. Retrieved 15 September 2018.
- ^ national geo-heritage of India 11 January 2017 at the Wayback Machine, INTACH
- ^ "District Census Handbook Dumka, Census of India 2011, Series 20, Part XII A" (PDF). Pages 896-902. Directorate of census Operations, Jharkhand. (PDF) from the original on 14 November 2019. Retrieved 23 November 2020.
- ^ Verma, Brajesh (8 June 2018). "Ancient Gateway of Bengal: Teliagadhi of Jharkhand". Border News. from the original on 2 July 2020. Retrieved 25 April 2020.
- ^ "Intach aid for Mughal monuments". www.telegraphindia.com. from the original on 5 February 2023. Retrieved 25 April 2020.
- ^ . Chief Electoral Officer, Jharkhand website. Archived from the original on 26 February 2012.