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Batumi okrug

January 01, 1970

The Batumi okrug[a] was a district (okrug) of the Batum Oblast of the Russian Empire existing between 1878 and 1918. The district was eponymously named for its administrative center, the town of Batum (present-day Batumi), now part of Adjara within Georgia. The okrug bordered with the Artvin okrug in the south, the Ardahan okrug of the Kars Oblast to the southeast, the Tiflis Governorate to the northeast, the Kutaisi Governorate (of which it was a part in 1883–1903) to the north, and the Trebizond Vilayet of the Ottoman Empire to the west.[1]

Batumi okrug
Батумский округ
Okrug
Coat of arms
Location in the Batum Oblast
CountryRussian Empire
ViceroyaltyCaucasus
OblastBatum
Established1878
Treaty of Brest-Litovsk3 March 1918
CapitalBatum
(present-day Batumi)
Area
 • Total3,703.31 km2 (1,429.86 sq mi)
Population
 (1916)
 • Total85,397
 • Density23/km2 (60/sq mi)
 • Urban
23.44%
 • Rural
76.56%

Administrative divisions edit

The prefectures (участки, uchastki) of the Batumi okrug were:[2][3]

Name Administrative centre 1912 population Area
Verkhne-Adzharskiy prefecture (Верхне-Аджарский участок) Khulo 21,778 1,127.85 square versts (1,283.56 km2; 495.59 sq mi)
Goniyskiy prefecture (Гонийский участок) Maradidi Verkhniye 10,310 688.24 square versts (783.26 km2; 302.42 sq mi)
Nizhne-Adzharskiy prefecture (Нижне-Аджарский участок) Kedy (Keda) 17,974 783.83 square versts (892.05 km2; 344.42 sq mi)
Kintrishskiy prefecture (Кинтришский участок) Komarovskoye 17,961 654.43 square versts (744.78 km2; 287.56 sq mi)

Demographics edit

Russian Empire Census edit

According to the Russian Empire Census, the Batumi okrug had a population of 88,444 on 28 January [O.S. 15 January] 1897, including 53,149 men and 35,295 women. The majority of the population indicated Georgian to be their mother tongue, with significant Russian, Armenian and Greek speaking minorities.[4]

Linguistic composition of the Batumi okrug in 1897[4]
Language Native speakers %
Georgian 56,498 63.88
Russian 7,217 8.16
Armenian 7,120 8.05
Greek 4,650 5.26
Turkish 3,199 3.62
Kurdish 1,699 1.92
Ukrainian 1,637 1.85
Jewish 1,076 1.22
Polish 890 1.01
Persian 765 0.86
Abkhazian 687 0.78
Mingrelian 635 0.72
German 356 0.40
Tatar[b] 350 0.40
Imeretian 341 0.39
Lithuanian 157 0.18
Sartic 156 0.18
Belarusian 76 0.09
Avar-Andean 56 0.06
Kazi-Kumukh 47 0.05
English 38 0.04
Ossetian 28 0.03
Romanian 27 0.03
Svan 17 0.02
Estonian 11 0.01
Other 711 0.80
ТОТАL 88,444 100.00

Kavkazskiy kalendar edit

According to the 1917 publication of Kavkazskiy kalendar, the Batumi okrug had a population of 85,397 on 14 January [O.S. 1 January] 1916, including 47,532 men and 37,865 women, 61,347 of whom were the permanent population, and 24,050 were temporary residents:[7]

Nationality Urban Rural TOTAL
Number % Number % Number %
Georgians 6,481 32.37 45,627 69.79 52,108 61.02
Sunni Muslims[c] 75 0.37 14,163 21.66 14,238 16.67
Russians 4,825 24.10 3,394 5.19 8,219 9.62
Armenians 5,524 27.59 240 0.37 5,764 6.75
Asiatic Christians 1,097 5.48 1,078 1.65 2,175 2.55
Other Europeans 855 4.27 96 0.15 951 1.11
Jews 597 2.98 10 0.02 607 0.71
Kurds 8 0.04 544 0.83 552 0.65
Shia Muslims[d] 386 1.93 25 0.04 411 0.48
North Caucasians 172 0.86 180 0.28 352 0.41
Roma 0 0.00 20 0.03 20 0.02
TOTAL 20,020 100.00 65,377 100.00 85,397 100.00

Notes edit

  1. ^
  2. ^ Before 1918, Azerbaijanis were generally known as "Tatars". This term, employed by the Russians, referred to Turkic-speaking Muslims of the South Caucasus. After 1918, with the establishment of the Azerbaijan Democratic Republic and "especially during the Soviet era", the Tatar group identified itself as "Azerbaijani".[5][6]
  3. ^ Primarily Turco-Tatars.[8]
  4. ^ Primarily Tatars.[8]

References edit

  1. ^ Tsutsiev 2014.
  2. ^ Кавказский календарь на 1917 год, pp. 23–28.
  3. ^ Кавказский календарь на 1913 год, pp. 144–147.
  4. ^ a b "Демоскоп Weekly - Приложение. Справочник статистических показателей". www.demoscope.ru. Retrieved 2022-03-26.
  5. ^ Bournoutian 2018, p. 35 (note 25).
  6. ^ Tsutsiev 2014, p. 50.
  7. ^ Кавказский календарь на 1917 год, pp. 182–185.
  8. ^ a b Hovannisian 1971, p. 67.

Bibliography edit

  • Hovannisian, Richard G. (1971). The Republic of Armenia: The First Year, 1918–1919. Vol. 1. Berkeley: University of California Press. ISBN 978-0520019843.
  • Кавказский календарь на 1913 год [Caucasian calendar for 1913] (in Russian) (68th ed.). Tiflis: Tipografiya kantselyarii Ye.I.V. na Kavkaze, kazenny dom. 1913. from the original on 19 April 2022.
  • Кавказский календарь на 1917 год [Caucasian calendar for 1917] (in Russian) (72nd ed.). Tiflis: Tipografiya kantselyarii Ye.I.V. na Kavkaze, kazenny dom. 1917. from the original on 4 November 2021.
  • Tsutsiev, Arthur (2014). Atlas of the Ethno-Political History of the Caucasus (PDF). Translated by Nora Seligman Favorov. New Haven: Yale University Press. ISBN 9780300153088. (PDF) from the original on 17 June 2023.

See also edit

41°38′45″N 41°38′30″E / 41.64583°N 41.64167°E / 41.64583; 41.64167

January 01, 1970
batumi, okrug, district, okrug, batum, oblast, russian, empire, existing, between, 1878, 1918, district, eponymously, named, administrative, center, town, batum, present, batumi, part, adjara, within, georgia, okrug, bordered, with, artvin, okrug, south, ardah. The Batumi okrug a was a district okrug of the Batum Oblast of the Russian Empire existing between 1878 and 1918 The district was eponymously named for its administrative center the town of Batum present day Batumi now part of Adjara within Georgia The okrug bordered with the Artvin okrug in the south the Ardahan okrug of the Kars Oblast to the southeast the Tiflis Governorate to the northeast the Kutaisi Governorate of which it was a part in 1883 1903 to the north and the Trebizond Vilayet of the Ottoman Empire to the west 1 Batumi okrug Batumskij okrugOkrugCoat of armsLocation in the Batum OblastCountryRussian EmpireViceroyaltyCaucasusOblastBatumEstablished1878Treaty of Brest Litovsk3 March 1918CapitalBatum present day Batumi Area Total3 703 31 km2 1 429 86 sq mi Population 1916 Total85 397 Density23 km2 60 sq mi Urban23 44 Rural76 56 Contents 1 Administrative divisions 2 Demographics 2 1 Russian Empire Census 2 2 Kavkazskiy kalendar 3 Notes 4 References 5 Bibliography 6 See alsoAdministrative divisions editThe prefectures uchastki uchastki of the Batumi okrug were 2 3 Name Administrative centre 1912 population Area Verkhne Adzharskiy prefecture Verhne Adzharskij uchastok Khulo 21 778 1 127 85 square versts 1 283 56 km2 495 59 sq mi Goniyskiy prefecture Gonijskij uchastok Maradidi Verkhniye 10 310 688 24 square versts 783 26 km2 302 42 sq mi Nizhne Adzharskiy prefecture Nizhne Adzharskij uchastok Kedy Keda 17 974 783 83 square versts 892 05 km2 344 42 sq mi Kintrishskiy prefecture Kintrishskij uchastok Komarovskoye 17 961 654 43 square versts 744 78 km2 287 56 sq mi Demographics editRussian Empire Census edit According to the Russian Empire Census the Batumi okrug had a population of 88 444 on 28 January O S 15 January 1897 including 53 149 men and 35 295 women The majority of the population indicated Georgian to be their mother tongue with significant Russian Armenian and Greek speaking minorities 4 Linguistic composition of the Batumi okrug in 1897 4 Language Native speakers Georgian 56 498 63 88 Russian 7 217 8 16 Armenian 7 120 8 05 Greek 4 650 5 26 Turkish 3 199 3 62 Kurdish 1 699 1 92 Ukrainian 1 637 1 85 Jewish 1 076 1 22 Polish 890 1 01 Persian 765 0 86 Abkhazian 687 0 78 Mingrelian 635 0 72 German 356 0 40 Tatar b 350 0 40 Imeretian 341 0 39 Lithuanian 157 0 18 Sartic 156 0 18 Belarusian 76 0 09 Avar Andean 56 0 06 Kazi Kumukh 47 0 05 English 38 0 04 Ossetian 28 0 03 Romanian 27 0 03 Svan 17 0 02 Estonian 11 0 01 Other 711 0 80 TOTAL 88 444 100 00 Kavkazskiy kalendar edit According to the 1917 publication of Kavkazskiy kalendar the Batumi okrug had a population of 85 397 on 14 January O S 1 January 1916 including 47 532 men and 37 865 women 61 347 of whom were the permanent population and 24 050 were temporary residents 7 Nationality Urban Rural TOTAL Number Number Number Georgians 6 481 32 37 45 627 69 79 52 108 61 02 Sunni Muslims c 75 0 37 14 163 21 66 14 238 16 67 Russians 4 825 24 10 3 394 5 19 8 219 9 62 Armenians 5 524 27 59 240 0 37 5 764 6 75 Asiatic Christians 1 097 5 48 1 078 1 65 2 175 2 55 Other Europeans 855 4 27 96 0 15 951 1 11 Jews 597 2 98 10 0 02 607 0 71 Kurds 8 0 04 544 0 83 552 0 65 Shia Muslims d 386 1 93 25 0 04 411 0 48 North Caucasians 172 0 86 180 0 28 352 0 41 Roma 0 0 00 20 0 03 20 0 02 TOTAL 20 020 100 00 65 377 100 00 85 397 100 00Notes edit Russian Batumskij okrug pre reform orthography Batumskij okrug romanized Batumskiy okrug betʊmskʲɪj ɐkrʊk Georgian ბათუმის ოკრუგი romanized batumis ok rugi b atʰumis okʼɾuɡi Before 1918 Azerbaijanis were generally known as Tatars This term employed by the Russians referred to Turkic speaking Muslims of the South Caucasus After 1918 with the establishment of the Azerbaijan Democratic Republic and especially during the Soviet era the Tatar group identified itself as Azerbaijani 5 6 Primarily Turco Tatars 8 Primarily Tatars 8 References edit Tsutsiev 2014 Kavkazskij kalendar na 1917 god pp 23 28 Kavkazskij kalendar na 1913 god pp 144 147 a b Demoskop Weekly Prilozhenie Spravochnik statisticheskih pokazatelej www demoscope ru Retrieved 2022 03 26 Bournoutian 2018 p 35 note 25 Tsutsiev 2014 p 50 Kavkazskij kalendar na 1917 god pp 182 185 a b Hovannisian 1971 p 67 Bibliography editBournoutian George A 2018 Armenia and Imperial Decline The Yerevan Province 1900 1914 Milton Park Abingdon Oxon Routledge ISBN 978 1 351 06260 2 OCLC 1037283914 Hovannisian Richard G 1971 The Republic of Armenia The First Year 1918 1919 Vol 1 Berkeley University of California Press ISBN 978 0520019843 Kavkazskij kalendar na 1913 god Caucasian calendar for 1913 in Russian 68th ed Tiflis Tipografiya kantselyarii Ye I V na Kavkaze kazenny dom 1913 Archived from the original on 19 April 2022 Kavkazskij kalendar na 1917 god Caucasian calendar for 1917 in Russian 72nd ed Tiflis Tipografiya kantselyarii Ye I V na Kavkaze kazenny dom 1917 Archived from the original on 4 November 2021 Tsutsiev Arthur 2014 Atlas of the Ethno Political History of the Caucasus PDF Translated by Nora Seligman Favorov New Haven Yale University Press ISBN 9780300153088 Archived PDF from the original on 17 June 2023 See also editKars Oblast Treaty of San Stefano Treaty of Berlin 1878 41 38 45 N 41 38 30 E 41 64583 N 41 64167 E 41 64583 41 64167 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Batumi okrug amp oldid 1223740843, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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