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1501 Broadway

January 01, 1970

"Paramount Building" redirects here. For the current headquarters of Paramount Global at 1515 Broadway, see One Astor Plaza. For the building at 1633 Broadway, see Paramount Plaza. For the building in Joplin, Missouri, see Fifth and Main Historic District § Paramount Building.

1501 Broadway, also known as the Paramount Building, is a 33-story office building on Times Square between West 43rd and 44th Streets in the Theater District neighborhood of Manhattan in New York City. Designed by Rapp and Rapp, it was erected from 1925 to 1927 as the headquarters of Paramount Pictures. The building is designed in the Art Deco and Beaux-Arts styles. The office wing on Times Square contains numerous setbacks as mandated by the 1916 Zoning Resolution, while the rear wing housed the Paramount Theatre from 1926 to 1967. Newmark & Company owns 1501 Broadway.

1501 Broadway
Paramount Building
Seen from across Seventh Avenue and 42rd Street
EtymologyParamount Pictures
General information
TypeOffice
Architectural styleBeaux-Arts
Art deco
LocationTimes Square
Address1501 Broadway
Town or cityManhattan, New York
CountryUnited States
Coordinates40°45′26″N 73°59′11″W / 40.75722°N 73.98639°W / 40.75722; -73.98639
Current tenantsMultiple including Hard Rock Café
Named forParamount Pictures
Groundbreaking1926 (1926)
Topped-outAugust 2, 1926
Completed1927 (1927)
Cost$13.5 million
ClientParamount Pictures
OwnerParamount Leasehold
Height
Architectural455 ft (139 m)
Antenna spire431 ft (131 m)
Roof391 ft (119 m)
Top floor330 ft (100 m)
Technical details
MaterialSteel
Floor count33
Floor area686,603 sq ft (63,787.5 m2)
Lifts/elevators22
Grounds41,586 sq ft (3,863.5 m2)
Design and construction
Architect(s)C.W. and George L. Rapp
Architecture firmRapp and Rapp
DeveloperFamous Players–Lasky
EngineerR. E. Hall & Co.
Main contractorThompson-Starrett Company
Official nameParamount Building
DesignatedNovember 1, 1988
Reference no.1566
References
[1]

The facade is mostly designed with brick walls, though the first five stories are ornamented with limestone piers. The main entrance is on 43rd Street. There is also a five-story arch on Broadway, facing Times Square, which leads to a Hard Rock Cafe; it is an imitation of the former Paramount Theatre entrance. Atop the building is a four-faced clock, with two large faces and two small faces, as well as an illuminated globe that could display the time. The ground floor historically had an ornate lobby leading to the theater, which had 3,664 seats over four levels. The modern building contains office space in both the original office wing and the theater wing.

Paramount predecessor Famous Players–Lasky proposed the theater in 1922, but Rapp and Rapp had revised the plans to include an office tower by 1924. The theater opened on November 19, 1926, though the offices did not open until the following year. The clock and globe on the roof were blacked out during World War II. A group led by David Rosenthal converted the theater to offices in 1967 and removed the theater's original arch. The Paramount Building's facade became a New York City designated landmark in 1988. The arch, clock, and globe were restored starting in the late 1990s, and the main entrance was relocated in another renovation in the 2010s.

Site edit

The Paramount Building is on 1501 Broadway, between 43rd and 44th Streets, at Times Square in the Midtown Manhattan neighborhood of New York City.[2][3] While the building carries a Broadway address, it is actually on the west side of Seventh Avenue.[3] The section of Broadway and Seventh Avenue between 43rd and 45th Streets is officially listed on city maps as "Times Square",[4][a] but the adjoining section of Broadway was converted into a permanent pedestrian plaza in the 2010s.[5][6] The Paramount Building's rectangular land lot covers 41,586 square feet (3,863.5 m2),[3] with a frontage of 200 feet (61 m) on Broadway and 207 feet (63 m) on 43rd and 44th Streets.[3][7][8]

The surrounding area is part of Manhattan's Theater District and contains many Broadway theatres.[2] 1501 Broadway shares the block with 229 West 43rd Street, the Hayes Theater, and the St. James Theatre to the west. Other nearby buildings include the Majestic Theatre, the Broadhurst Theatre, and the Shubert Theatre to the northwest; One Astor Plaza to the north; 1530 Broadway to the northeast; 1500 Broadway to the east; 4 Times Square and One Times Square to the southeast; 3 Times Square to the south; the American Airlines Theatre, Lyric Theatre, and New Victory Theater to the southwest.[3]

Prior to the development of the Paramount Building, the eastern portion of the site had been occupied by the Putnam Building, a six-story commercial structure.[9][10][11] It was named after American Revolutionary War general Israel Putnam, who had passed through the site in 1776 during the war.[9][10] The Putnam Building had long been occupied by theatrical agencies[12] and, before its demolition in 1925, had a large electric sign measuring 200 by 50 feet (61 by 15 m) on its facade.[13][14] The western part of the site was occupied by a group of brownstones, operated by the Astor family as a set of apartments called Westover Court.[10][11] The Astor family had owned the land since 1803. Until about 1850, the vicinity had also been known as the "Eden Farm" a title that came from a previous landowner.[15]

Architecture edit

1501 Broadway was designed by brothers Cornelius Ward Rapp and George Leslie Rapp, of the firm Rapp and Rapp, in the Beaux-Arts and Art Deco styles.[2][16][17] It was constructed from 1925 to 1927 as the headquarters of Paramount Pictures, one of the major American motion picture companies in the 1920s.[2][16] R. E. Hall & Co. were the construction engineers, and Thompson–Starrett Co. was the general contractor;[17][18] numerous other engineers, contractors, and suppliers were involved in the building's construction.[17] 1501 Broadway contains 33 stories,[19] although early reports cite the structure as containing 35 stories.[8] It measures 372 feet (113 m) tall to its roof and 455 feet (139 m) to its pinnacle.[1][19] At the time of its completion, the Paramount Building was the tallest building in Times Square,[20] as well as Broadway's tallest building north of the Woolworth Building.[16]

Form edit

 
Seen from 44th Street

1501 Broadway was designed in two parts: the 33-story office section in the front, along Broadway, and a shorter wing in the rear, which formerly housed the Paramount Theatre.[7][8] This was typical of New York City theater buildings, where the theater was relegated to cheaper lots on side streets, while the office space took up the more valuable frontage on the main avenues.[21] While the building had initially been planned with a 29-story office section,[9][18][21] this was changed in the middle of construction.[9] The office tower's decorative details was influenced by the Beaux-Arts style,[16] while the theater was designed in a Neo-Renaissance style.[20] The Art Deco decoration was limited largely to the massing.[22]

1501 Broadway contains eight setbacks,[21][23] seven of which are above the theater wing.[24] The setbacks are placed on all sides as mandated under the 1916 Zoning Resolution.[9][21] On 43rd Street, the theater wing is twelve stories tall.[8][25] On 44th Street, the theater wing is nine stories tall, except for the westernmost bay, which is fourteen stories tall with a setback on the 12th story.[25] Along the office wing, the setbacks on the north, east, and south elevations start above the 18th story; there are six setbacks on these elevations, placed at regular intervals.[25][26] Each setback is separated by two or three stories.[25][24] The office wing's west elevation rises above the roof of the theater wing, with a small setback on the 26th story and a deeper setback on the 28th story. The top section of 1501 Broadway rises above the 28th story and is two bays deep.[25] The massing was intended to resemble that of a pyramid[26] or a mountain as depicted in the Paramount Pictures logo.[24]

Facade edit

Base edit

The first five stories of both wings are clad in limestone and constitute the building's base.[7][8] The ground story contains storefronts.[7] The main entrance since 2018 is on 43rd Street, with bronze doors and a bronze marquee sign.[27] The 2nd through 4th stories are divided into bays, containing three-story window openings flanked by rusticated piers. The windows on each story are separated by iron spandrels and are divided by vertical iron mullions. The spandrels are ornamented with classical motifs, as well as theatrical icons such as masks, scrolls, and festoons.[7] The 5th story contains one-over-one sash windows with metal frames. Between the 5th-story windows are oval cartouches.[28]

 
The Paramount arch on Times Square, a replica of the original

The theater entrance was near the south end of the eastern elevation, facing Broadway. Originally, it had a five-story archway and an elaborate curved marquee.[15][18] The original archway was removed in the late 1960s and replaced with windows and rusticated piers, which were taken from the 43rd Street elevation.[29] The only indication of the former archway was the presence of blank limestone panels instead of windows on the 5th story.[29][30] The arch was restored in 2001 and is constructed of concrete reinforced with glass fibers. The archway is surrounded by a frame with scrolls, rosettes, and lyre players, attached to a steel frame. The replica marquee, measuring 39 feet (12 m) wide, is made of three glass panels, reinforced with plastic and finished in bronze.[31] The marquee includes a curved LED display but was otherwise designed to match historical specifications.[32] A sign with the name "Paramount" is mounted over the archway and contains 400 lights.[31]

Prior to 2018,[33] the main office entrance was just north of the center bay along Broadway; the opening still exists but leads to a retail space. It contains a double-height limestone frame with a lintel above the second floor. The doorway is divided vertically into a large center section flanked by two narrower sections. At ground level, the entrance includes a set of double doors, flanked by a single door, all made of brass and glass. Above the center doors is a clock flanked by brackets. There are windows above the remainder of the ground floor, as well as another set of windows on the 2nd story.[7] The ground and 2nd stories of the doorway are separated by decorative iron spandrels; the center panel has an oval motif.[7][34] The spandrels contain other motifs including theater masks, instruments, and branches.[34] The building's cornerstone is placed in a niche within the former main entrance.[35] The cornerstone includes copper boxes with several newspapers' front pages, gold coins, film reels, and a news reel showing Richard E. Byrd's 1926 North Pole flight.[35][36]

Office stories edit

Starting on the 6th story of the office tower, the window openings generally contain one-over-one windows, which are grouped into bays. The bays are divided by alternating narrow and wide piers. The narrow piers are plain, while the wide piers are either rusticated or plain. The rusticated piers project slightly from the facade. The rear wing on 43rd and 44th Streets has double-hung windows separated by plain piers. On 44th Street, there are oval openings at the ninth story, which are surrounded by festoons. The top of the rear wing on 44th Street is decorated with acroteria.[25]

The setbacks of the office tower contain parapets.[25] Below the parapets were floodlights that originally illuminated the setbacks at night to emphasize the jagged massing.[9][21][26] Over one thousand lights were used in the setbacks' lighting system.[23] Trapezoidal finials, designed to resemble obelisks, are placed at the setback level atop many of the rusticated piers.[21][25] On the 28th through 30th stories, there are oversized consoles on the north and south elevations.[25]

Clock and globe edit

 
The top of the building, featuring the clock and globe, as seen from the west

The Paramount Building has a large four-faced clock above its 30th story.[20][37] The clock faces on the west and east are made of limestone, with metal minute and hour hands.[25] The west and east clock faces measure about 25 feet (7.6 m) wide.[38][39][b] Inset within the stone are twelve circular glass panels, which measure 4 feet (1.2 m) high and denote the hours.[39] These panels contain five-pointed stars, forming a circle of stars as used in the Paramount Pictures logo.[9][20][37][38] The hour and minute hands were originally illuminated.[37][39][c] Flanking these faces is a pair of setback pavilions with oval cartouches and rusticated piers. The north and south clock faces are placed on these setback pavilions. They are made with metal frames and are smaller than those on the west and east.[25] The clock faces were mechanically operated from the building's completion.[39][40]

Above the clock faces is a stone frieze and trapezoidal corner obelisks.[25] The top of the building contains a copper pedestal with an ornamental glass and copper sphere measuring 19 feet (5.8 m) across.[25][41][42] The sphere is made of 90 square panels, originally decorated with a map of the world. A smokestack is placed within the globe, measuring 2.5 feet (0.76 m) wide, with a maintenance ladder and catwalks inside.[41] The globe was intended to signify Paramount predecessor Famous Players–Lasky,[26] and it originally illuminated once every 15 minutes.[d] In its early years, the globe could be seen from several miles away at night.[38][39] During World War II, the globe and clock were painted black to maintain blackout conditions for fear of an enemy invasion. They were restored in 1996.[20][38] After its restoration, the globe was lit a constant white after dusk, with red pulses every 15 minutes to signify the time, as well as bell chimes.[37][38][e]

In November 1927, a rooftop observation deck opened above the clock[43][44] at a height of 450 feet (140 m).[45] It included glass-enclosed rooms on either side of the clock.[39][43] Adults were charged 50 cents for admission, while children paid 25 cents.[43] The observation deck has since been closed.[44] The observation area is narrow, though urban explorers have climbed onto the deck.[46]

Interior edit

The central entrance on Broadway led to the offices, while the ornate arched entrance on the south end of the Broadway elevation led to the Paramount Theatre.[45][47] At ground level, a large amount of space was occupied by the theater's entrance, and other space was taken up by seven storefronts. There was also store space in the basement, as well as a foundation that extended 52 feet (16 m) deep.[8] In total, the building had 6,000 square feet (560 m2) of stores and 2,000 square feet (190 m2) of basements.[8][45] The office section of the building originally comprised 250,000 square feet (23,000 m2)[48] or 265,000 square feet (24,600 m2).[8] The entire building was served by an emergency staircase, and there were toilets on every floor.[8]

Lobby and elevators edit

The original Broadway lobby was relatively small; no one had to travel more than 35 feet (11 m) between the street and any elevator. The space had a travertine floor and polished black-veined marble walls. There was a tenant directory facing the main entrance, as well as a mail chute on the wall between the directory and the entrance. The lobby had a shallow vaulted ceiling with low-relief ornamentation, a gold finish, and bronze chandeliers. Inset into the walls were bronze elevator doors.[26] Originally, the lobby was served by six local and six express elevators. The local elevators traveled only to the 18th floor, while the express elevators skipped some intermediate stories and traveled to the 28th floor.[8] Visitors to the observation deck had to take an express elevator, then transfer to a lift that served the upper offices.[8][43]

On one side of the lobby was a broad travertine staircase, which led to a second-story banking room occupied by the Chemical National Bank. This banking room was finished with a terrazzo floor and marble base, while all the trim and the counter screens were made of wood. The lower part of the counter screen, and the wainscoting on the walls, were composed of molded wood paneling. which was painted white. The upper part of the counter screen was framed in walnut with a natural finish, and all of the furniture and fixtures of the officers' platform were also made of walnut. Above the woodwork, the walls and ceiling were finished in white-tinted plaster.[26]

In 2018, a third-story sky lobby was completed. The sky lobby includes a two-story escalator atrium and an additional elevator from the entrance on 43rd Street.[33] The offices were originally served by twelve elevators that could travel at up to 700 feet per minute (210 m/min).[45] As of 2021, there are 22 elevators in the building.[49]

Former theater space edit

The interior of the theater was decorated with French detailing.[37] The arch connected to a domed rotunda measuring 50 feet (15 m) tall, supported by veined-marble columns on black-and-gold bases.[8][50][51] A "Hall of Nations" was just past the rotunda.[45] The Hall of Nations had rocks from 37 countries, accompanied by explanatory plaques,[50][51] as well as a bust of Thomas Edison.[50] Past that was a grand hall along 43rd Street, which was modeled on the Versailles chapel and measured 150 feet (46 m) long by up to 50 feet (15 m) wide.[8][30][52] The hall's design features were also inspired by that of the Paris Opera House's foyer, with white marble columns, balustrades, and a grand staircase flanking the hallway.[15][47][50] The vaulted ceiling rose to a height of 50 feet (15 m) and had a mural of the Sun King.[50][52] Elevators connected with the Paramount Theatre's mezzanine levels and with a basement lounge.[50] An enormous crystal chandelier was hung from the hall.[47]

The 3,664-seat auditorium was at the rear of the building.[53] It was 10 stories tall, with three levels of balcony seats, as well as a promenade for visitors to look down at the theater from overhead.[30][52] The orchestra was at the south end, while the stage was at the north end.[47] The theater was decorated in rose, turquoise, and ivory colors,[8][50] with red and gold draperies, as well as a cyclorama-style wall at the rear of the stage.[8] Fountains flanked the proscenium arch above the stage.[50] The height of the theater was emphasized by decorated vertical panels on either side of the proscenium.[52] The theater housed a large organ built by the Wurlitzer company.[54] The railings were manufactured from brass. There were Greek statues and busts carved in wall niches, while the restrooms and waiting rooms were grandiose in style in comparison to cathedrals at the time.[47] In addition to the auditorium, there was a music room[8] and three rehearsal rooms.[50][55] Various rooms were decorated with artwork, and there were seating lounges and a tea gallery as well.[50] The side rooms were given names,[8] such as the Elizabethan Room, a mixed-gender lounge paneled in walnut.[50][52]

The theater space was converted to offices in 1967, requiring the installation of 64 steel columns within the auditorium shell.[56] The former auditorium is spanned by eight trusses, each measuring 122 feet (37 m) and weighing 144 short tons (129 long tons; 131 t).[7][8][57] The former theater lobby's space is occupied by a Hard Rock Cafe restaurant, spread across 5,500 square feet (510 m2) on the ground floor and 35,000 square feet (3,300 m2) in the basement, as well as a Hard Rock Cafe store measuring 1,500 square feet (140 m2). The restaurant can fit 600 diners or 1,000 concertgoers.[58]

Offices edit

The offices were decorated with similar French motifs as the rest of the building.[37] The fourth through twelfth stories, originally occupied by Famous Players–Lasky, included 65 executive offices that were finished in walnut, and some rooms contained veneers of burled walnut, The veneers contained carvings of figures that matched the burled surfaces of the wood. The private offices of Famous Players–Lasky cofounders Adolph Zukor and Jesse L. Lasky were decorated with walnut-paneled walls, separated by wide moldings. These offices had large ceiling beams, which were clad with walnut panels and separated by plaster coffers; the casement windows in these offices contained stained glass panels.[26]

The stories below the 18th floor each contained 16,000 square feet (1,500 m2), while the upper stories were smaller because of the setbacks,[48] tapering to 2,100 square feet (200 m2) at the top.[24] As a result of the setbacks, the floors were also built in eleven different sizes.[8] The smaller upper stories were advertised as being suitable for companies that wanted to consolidate their offices on a full story and occupy it for themselves.[8][59][60] Another 190,000 square feet (18,000 m2)[61] or 220,000 square feet (20,000 m2) of office space was added in the late 1960s with the renovation of the former theater wing.[62] The conversion created floor plates of up to 37,000 square feet (3,400 m2) on the lowest stories.[61]

History edit

Times Square became the epicenter for large-scale theater productions between 1900 and the Great Depression.[63] Famous Players–Lasky, the predecessor to the Paramount Corporation, had been formed in 1916.[64] The company formed a subsidiary, the 1493 Broadway Corporation, to buy the Putnam Building and Westover Court on Times Square in 1919.[10] During the 1920s, Famous Players–Lasky president Adolph Zukor had acquired a controlling interest in the Chicago-based Balaban and Katz theatre chain, operated by Sam Katz, who became the head of Paramount's theatre division.[65][59] Balaban and Katz had a long working relationship with Chicago architectural firm Rapp and Rapp, which had designed numerous theaters for Katz's company in the Midwest.[65][66]

Development edit

Planning edit

 
Detail of windows at base

In June 1922, Famous Players–Lasky received a $5.5 million loan from the Prudence Bonds Corporation, and it planned to spend $2.5 million on a 4,000-seat movie theater behind the Putnam Building.[10][67] Rapp and Rapp were hired to design the new theater.[68] Shortly afterward, Famous Players–Lasky signed a 21-year lease with the 1493 Broadway Corporation.[69][70] Though Famous Players–Lasky had encountered difficulties in funding its motion pictures by late 1923, Zukor said the corporation would proceed once the lease on Westover Court expired the following year.[70] The size of the site would have allowed a theater with up to 7,000 seats, but this would have required an extremely crowded seating arrangement.[55] Famous Players–Lasky had raised $2 million toward funding the building's construction when it had run into financial issues. Ultimately, the company implemented a financing plan, wherein it cleared the debt from the bond issues.[71] After Famous Players–Lasky's financial issues were resolved, in October 1924, Zukor announced that the company would construct the theater and an office tower.[72]

Early in 1925, Zukor appointed a special committee to oversee the development of the office tower and the as-yet-unnamed theater.[71] That April, Famous Players–Lasky announced that it would erect the 29-story Paramount Building and an adjoining theater for $13.5 million,[73][74][75] and Rapp and Rapp filed building plans.[9] The land alone was valued at $4.24 million, an increase from $3.2 million in 1917.[12] In addition to the theater, the building would include ground-story stores, Famous Players–Lasky's offices, a radio broadcasting station, a private rehearsal theater, and a children's nursery.[15][18][73] The theater would be operated as part of Famous Players–Lasky's Publix chain.[55][76] The lowest two stories and the 16th through 31st stories would be rented out, except to theatrical agents, who would instead be offered space at Paramount Studios in Queens.[76] The theater was planned to be completed first, followed by the office tower.[55] The tenants of Westover Court were asked to leave the site by the beginning of June 1925,[77][78] and the Putnam Building was to be demolished by that October.[74]

Construction edit

 
Paramount Building ad in Motion Picture News, 1926

Demolition contracts were awarded in May 1925.[18][79][80] Famous Players–Lasky kept a film record of the work,[81] starting with the demolition of Westover Court.[79] To celebrate the project, Famous Players–Lasky held a barbecue in the nearby Hotel Astor that August, serving oxen and lamb that had been roasted over Westover Court's ruins.[82][83] By September, the Putnam Building was slated to be demolished.[12] In January 1926, the Paramount Broadway Corporation issued a first mortgage consisting of $10 million in bonds with a maturity of 25 years.[84][85] The same month, the Paramount Broadway Corporation leased the building to Famous Players–Lasky for 25 years at an annual rental of $807,500.[86] By then, the site's valuation had increased to $6 million, making it one of the most valuable sites in the neighborhood.[87] The Broadway Association was tasked with arranging a dedication ceremony for the Paramount Building.[88]

The excavations descended about 53 feet (16 m) into the underlying layer of bedrock.[45] During excavations in February 1926, a water main and a gas main broke, flooding the site.[89][90] Later that month, the Thompson-Starrett Company began erecting the steel trusses above the auditorium. Traveling derricks were used for the process, which was captured on film and which attracted a large crowd.[7][57] Inclement weather during that month led to slight delays, prompting Thompson-Starrett to hire contractors for overnight shifts to make up for the lost time. By the end of March, the auditorium's trusses were completed and the steel for the office tower was being erected. In addition, the offices on the first 13 stories had been completely rented, as were much of the 18th through 23rd stories.[45]

Mayor Jimmy Walker laid the ceremonial cornerstone on May 19, 1926, at a ceremony attended by Paramount's cofounders (Zukor and Jesse L. Lasky), as well as various producers and actors.[36][91] One of the building's architects, C. W. Rapp, died the following month during the construction.[92] The office tower topped out on August 2, 1926, with the raising of the U.S. flag 450 feet (140 m) above street level.[93][94] The same month, Roman governor Filippo Cremonesi presented an eagle from a Roman palace, on behalf of Italian leader Benito Mussolini, for the theater's Hall of Nations.[95] At that point, a variety of firms had leased space at the building, including Rapp and Rapp, the Western Union Telegraph Company, and the Educational Film Corporation of America.[96][97] In mid-November 1926, the New York Building Congress distributed craftsmanship awards to 21 construction workers.[98]

Early and mid-20th century edit

Opening and 1920s edit

 
Viewed from across Times Square

The Paramount Theatre opened on November 19, 1926,[99] with a ceremony including thousands of guests.[100][101] This was part of a three-day celebration of Broadway's 300th anniversary,[102] which included an event in which thousands of balloons were released from the roof of the office tower.[103][104] To date, $17 million had been spent on the entire project, including $3 million on the theater alone.[50][51] Within a week of the theater's opening, Famous Players–Lasky estimated that the theater would earn $20,000 a week in net profit.[105] The retail tenants included Chemical Bank,[105][106] Childs Restaurants,[105][107] the Knox Hat Company,[105][108] and the Sarnoff-Irving Hat Store,[109] while the office tenants included four firms listed on the New York Stock Exchange.[105] William A. White & Sons managed the leasing for the Paramount Building.[110] Zukor had the top-story office for himself.[111]

By January 1927, the building was 35 percent rented;[112] the office structure was completed early that year.[9] Some of the storefronts began opening that May, including a barber shop[113] and the Chemical Bank branch.[106] Rapp and Rapp filed plans in July 1927 to convert the basement to a restaurant,[114] and the observation deck opened that November.[115] The building's retail tenants paid rent to Paramount based on a percentage of each tenants' gross profits. Paramount executives frequently patronized the shops, including a 3rd-story barbershop, the Childs Restaurant in the basement, and a Walgreens pharmacy at ground level.[116] Rapp and Rapp filed plans for further alterations in late 1928.[117] By then, Famous Players–Lasky was officially known as the Paramount Famous Lasky Corporation; that company, in turn, became Paramount Publix in 1930.[118]

1930s to 1950s edit

The office tower received several new tenants in the 1930s, including Fusion Party campaign offices,[119] advertisers Donahue & Coe,[120] and Prudential Insurance.[121] By February 1933, Publix was in receivership and seeking to reduce its rent payments;[122][123] in so doing, the firm moved to downsize its space.[124] A bankruptcy court agreed to reorganize the Paramount Building's debt in May 1934. The yearly interest rate on the bonds was lowered temporarily until half the principal of the bonds was paid off.[125][126][127] Paramount Broadway also sued to have the tax assessment for the building reduced by $3 million.[128] Despite opposition by bondholders,[129][130] Paramount Publix reorganized as Paramount Pictures Inc. in April 1935 and restructured its subsidiary, the Paramount Broadway Corporation.[131] Paramount Pictures owned all stock in Paramount Broadway.[118] The Paramount Theatre at the base closed for one week in 1934, the only extended closure in the theater's history.[132] The next year, the clock faces were refurbished after the hands had become badly corroded.[40][133]

Paramount Broadway continued to post losses in the years after the reorganization.[134] Conversely, the Paramount Theatre at the building's base became highly popular, especially for live musical performances, hosting performers such as Buddy Holly and Frank Sinatra.[62][135] William A. White & Son prepared the building for air raids at the beginning of World War II,[136][137] which led the building to earn an award for air-raid readiness in 1943.[138] In addition, the Paramount Building's tenants collected scrap paper for the war effort,[139][140] and the globe and clock atop the building were blacked out.[20][38] By the end of 1944, Paramount Broadway had paid off a $6 million mortgage on the building.[141] Paramount attempted to sell the office building in 1948. After marketing the building for a few months and failing to find a buyer, the company listed it publicly that September for $13 million.[142] The clock faces were repaired in mid-1949.[143]

In 1949, Paramount Pictures' board of directors voted to split the theater unit to a separate company, United Paramount Theatres (UPT).[144][145] The building became the UPT's headquarters, and UPT leased the theater from Paramount Pictures.[99] In addition, Paramount received a $9 million loan from Prudential Insurance in September 1950, including a $7 million mortgage on the Paramount Building.[146][147] After UPT's merger with ABC in 1953,[148][149] the building continued as American Broadcasting-Paramount Theatres (AB-PT)'s headquarters.[150] The Child's Restaurant and Walgreens store at the base, which had occupied the building since its completion, were closed in 1957.[151] AB-PT relocated its headquarters to the ABC studios on 66th Street in 1959, though ABC's film syndication units remained at the Paramount Building.[152] The theater had dropped its stage-show policy in 1952 but was still popular,[153] though it faced increasing competition from television.[135]

Late 20th century to present edit

Sale and annex conversion edit

 
Former theater annex on 43rd Street

William Zeckendorf Jr. of the firm Webb & Knapp offered to buy 1501 Broadway in June 1964, with plans to replace the Paramount Theatre with an exhibit hall and office space.[153][154] A Webb & Knapp subsidiary had made a $150,000 down payment, with a promise to pay $350,000 before the sale's closing and $10 million at closing.[155] The theater shuttered on August 4, 1964,[132] though it temporarily reopened the next month.[156] Paramount Pictures indicated it would remain in the building.[157] The conclusion of the sale was postponed to October,[158][159] then to November,[160][161] when the theater's art was auctioned.[162] 1501 Broadway was finally purchased in December 1964 by Paramount Building Associates, an affiliate of Webb & Knapp, for $10.5 million. By then, Webb & Knapp was financially troubled and was selling off property to pay off debts.[163][164] The Paramount Theatre was leased for stage/screen programs in March 1965[165] but closed again that June after failing to attract guests.[166]

Paramount Building Associates contracted to resell 1501 Broadway in May 1965 to Evelyn Sharp, who paid $9 million and planned to renovate the building.[167][168] Mortimer M. Caplin had been appointed as trustee for Webb & Knapp's operations, and he sought to delay the sale of the building to Sharp.[169][170] The property title was to have been transferred in June 1965, but Caplin objected to the transfer at the last minute.[155][171] Caplin presumably wanted Webb & Knapp's $500,000 deposit on the building to be returned to his client.[172] This led Sharp to withdraw from the proposed sale,[173] allowing Caplin to proceed with selling the building at a foreclosure auction.[174][175] Though the auction garnered no buyers,[176] the building was sold that September to David Rosenthal, Joseph E. Levine, and Philip J. Levin.[177][178] ABC moved to 1330 Avenue of the Americas afterward,[179][180] while Paramount moved out after becoming part of the Gulf & Western conglomerate.[181]

The owners planned to build a garage at ground level with offices above.[48][182] The group began renovating the Paramount Building in January 1967.[183][62] As part of the renovation, the Paramount Theatre was dismantled and turned into office space, and the archway leading to the theater was removed.[184] That March, Rosenthal and Levine sold their ownership stakes to Levin and Arlen Properties, who split ownership equally between them.[185][186] Existing tenants were not disrupted by the demolition of the old theater, which had been completed by that October.[56] A branch of the New York Bank for Savings opened in the base in early 1968, while construction was still ongoing, forcing the tellers to wear hard hats.[187]

1970s to 1990s edit

Newmark & Company managed the building on behalf of Arlen, signing ten-year leases for the expanded office stories.[61] Major tenants in the newly converted offices included The New York Times,[61] the Offtrack Betting Corporation,[188] Lane Bryant,[189] and the Metropolitan Diagnostic Institute.[190] The newly converted office space was not fully leased until the mid-1970s. By the end of that decade, many lower-story tenants had chosen not to renew, including the Times and Lane Bryant, but Newmark had added other tenants, including the Internal Revenue Service and Hardesty & Hanover. By contrast, the upper stories were fully rented.[61] In addition to the larger tenants, the Paramount Building hosted smaller offices such as those of the National Endowments for the Arts and Humanities.[191] All of the space in the building had been rented by the mid-1980s.[192]

 
Hard Rock Cafe

The New York City Landmarks Preservation Commission (LPC) designated the Paramount Building as a city landmark in November 1988.[193][194] The building was designated for its historical importance to the motion-picture industry and for its architectural importance as an Art Deco skyscraper.[194] In 1996, Newmark received permission from the LPC to restore the clock and globe atop the building and the large arch on Broadway.[195][196] An imitation of the original marquee was to be placed in front of the arch.[197] This was part of the company's effort to attract a retailer to the basement.[196] Planet Hollywood, which planned to lease the basement,[195][197] was to pay for the restoration.[196] The restoration of the clock and globe involved changing the power supply and rebuilding the clock mechanism.[197] The clock and globe were restored at the end of 1997.[38]

Planet Hollywood spent $13 million on renovating 1501 Broadway's ground-floor space into a venue for live music.[198] Tobin Parnes was the restoration architect.[31][199] The project entailed lowering the basement by 7 feet (2.1 m), removing three support columns, and lengthening nine more columns.[200] Following Planet Hollywood's financial troubles,[201] it sold the basement and first-floor space to World Wrestling Federation Entertainment (WWF; later WWE) in July 1999 for $9 million.[42][198] WWF planned to open a theme restaurant at the base, known as The World,[202] and the company spent $7.5 million.[31]

2000s to present edit

The World opened in 2000.[203][199] That May, the LPC approved the addition of an LED marquee[204] after initially hesitating to do so.[199] The new marquee was unveiled with an American flag display on September 12, 2001, one day after the September 11 attacks.[32] WWE closed its store and restaurant in early 2003, only three years after opening the restaurant.[205] Bubba Gump Shrimp Company opened a restaurant in the building that year.[206] Hard Rock Cafe decided to move into the WWE space in 2004,[207][208] citing the improvements that WWE had already made.[58] Numerous retailers took space at 1501 Broadway in the early 2010s including Ben & Jerry's[209] and the New York Yankees.[210]

Paramount Leasehold LP, the building's owner, obtained a $130 million mortgage from Cantor Commercial Real Estate in 2013. Paramount Leasehold planned to spend $50 million on renovating the building; it also considered adding an entrance on 43rd Street. At the time, 1501 Broadway was 70 percent occupied, and its tenants included entertainment companies and attorneys.[211][212] The LPC approved the renovation project in 2016.[27][213] The lobby was moved from Broadway to 43rd Street, and a tenant lounge was installed on the third story.[214][215] In addition, elevators and escalators were added, while hallways, restrooms, and windows were upgraded.[53][214][216] The contractors replicated the historical features using plaster moldings, and some original architectural details were salvaged and relocated. A specialty contractor provided the custom cast-bronze pieces and an Italian quarry supplied marble for the renovation.[33]

The lobby relocation was completed in mid-2018,[33][217] after which Newmark signed leases with tenants such as the KIPP Foundation and the American Federation of Musicians.[218][219] The entire renovation was completed in 2019.[216] JPMorgan Chase gave Levin and Newmark a $200 million loan for 1501 Broadway in early 2020,[220][221] and the owners began adding a tenant lounge on the third story that year.[215] Ticketing platform TodayTix moved to 1501 Broadway in 2022.[222]

Critical reception edit

When the Paramount Building was completed, architect Francisco Mujica wrote that the building exemplified how setback skyscrapers resembled "the primitive pyramids of America".[223][224] H. I. Brock of The New York Times wrote that the Paramount Building was "the most extraordinary pile in New York".[21][225] Conversely, Lewis Mumford said "the posters describe it as the greatest palace that shadows have built", a phrase that had been created by film industry promoters,[21] "but it is in fact the greatest shadow that shadows have built".[226] While Mumford characterized the exterior as something that nobody could see, he called the interior "the reminiscence of a grandiose nightmare that might follow a rather arduous day of sightseeing in Paris".[21][226] George Shepard Chappell, writing in The New Yorker under the pseudonym "T-Square", wrote that he could not "conscientiously give the building anything except size"; in Chappell's view, this fit with the "concentrated tawdriness" of Times Square.[21][227]

In the 1980s, The New York Times wrote that Times Square's skyline was characterized by "the beautiful Astor Hotel, the sleekly new Paramount Building and, of course, Times Tower".[228] The Times wrote that despite 1501 Broadway's location at the middle of Times Square, "some New Yorkers have never bothered craning their necks to see" the building's attributes, including its globe and clock.[229] 1501 Broadway was also significant in the film industry. Years after the destruction of the theater and the relocation of Paramount itself, Variety magazine said that "1501 Broadway will always be a symbol of 'where the action was'".[181]

See also edit

References edit

Notes edit

  1. ^ As the two roads intersect at a very shallow angle, they are nearly parallel through Times Square. Broadway is west of Seventh Avenue to the north of 45th Street and east of Seventh Avenue to the south of 44th Street.[4] Because Broadway between 42nd and 47th Streets was closed in the 2010s, the Paramount Building only faces Seventh Avenue.[5][6]
  2. ^ The New York Times gives a width of 25 feet (7.6 m),[38] while The Yonkers Herald gives a width of 26 feet (7.9 m) for the larger faces.[39] The New York Herald Tribune says the larger faces are 30 feet (9.1 m) wide and the smaller faces are 26 feet wide.[40]
  3. ^ When the clock was installed in 1926, the hour hands of the larger faces were 12 feet (3.7 m) long and the minute hands were 17 feet (5.2 m) long.[39] The arms were replaced in 1936 with hour hands measuring 10 feet (3.0 m) long and minute hands measuring 14 feet (4.3 m) long.[40]
  4. ^ The red light flashed at the following intervals: once at 15 minutes past the hour, twice at 30 minutes past the hour, and three times at 45 minutes past the hour. Every hour on the hour, the red light flashed four times, then the white light flashed the number of hours. For instance, 10:00 p.m. would be signified by four red flashes followed by ten white flashes.[41]
  5. ^ The red lights flash at the following intervals: once at 15 minutes past the hour, twice at 30 minutes past the hour, three times at 45 minutes past the hour, and four times on the hour.[38]

Citations edit

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Sources edit

  • Paramount Building (PDF) (Report). New York City Landmarks Preservation Commission. November 1, 1988.
  • Robins, Anthony W. (2017). New York Art Deco: A Guide to Gotham's Jazz Age Architecture. Excelsior Editions. State University of New York Press. ISBN 978-1-4384-6396-4. OCLC 953576510.
  • "Paramount Theater and Office Building, Times Square, New York". American Architect. Vol. 130. July 5, 1926. pp. 17–20. hdl:2027/mdp.39015082487896.
  • "The Paramount Building". Architecture and Building. Vol. 49, no. 7. July 1927. pp. 217, 221–224. hdl:2027/mdp.39015086650929.   This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
  • "The Paramount Building and the Paramount Theater". Architecture and Building. Vol. 49, no. 1. January 1927. pp. 3–4, 7. hdl:2027/mdp.39015086650929.   This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
  • Stern, Robert A. M.; Gilmartin, Patrick; Mellins, Thomas (1987). New York 1930: Architecture and Urbanism Between the Two World Wars. New York: Rizzoli. ISBN 978-0-8478-3096-1. OCLC 13860977.

External links edit

 
Wikimedia Commons has media related to 1501 Broadway.
  • Official website
  • 1501 Broadway at NYC Architecture

January 01, 1970
1501, broadway, paramount, building, redirects, here, current, headquarters, paramount, global, 1515, broadway, astor, plaza, building, 1633, broadway, paramount, plaza, building, joplin, missouri, fifth, main, historic, district, paramount, building, also, kn. Paramount Building redirects here For the current headquarters of Paramount Global at 1515 Broadway see One Astor Plaza For the building at 1633 Broadway see Paramount Plaza For the building in Joplin Missouri see Fifth and Main Historic District Paramount Building 1501 Broadway also known as the Paramount Building is a 33 story office building on Times Square between West 43rd and 44th Streets in the Theater District neighborhood of Manhattan in New York City Designed by Rapp and Rapp it was erected from 1925 to 1927 as the headquarters of Paramount Pictures The building is designed in the Art Deco and Beaux Arts styles The office wing on Times Square contains numerous setbacks as mandated by the 1916 Zoning Resolution while the rear wing housed the Paramount Theatre from 1926 to 1967 Newmark amp Company owns 1501 Broadway 1501 BroadwayParamount BuildingSeen from across Seventh Avenue and 42rd StreetEtymologyParamount PicturesGeneral informationTypeOfficeArchitectural styleBeaux ArtsArt decoLocationTimes SquareAddress1501 BroadwayTown or cityManhattan New YorkCountryUnited StatesCoordinates40 45 26 N 73 59 11 W 40 75722 N 73 98639 W 40 75722 73 98639Current tenantsMultiple including Hard Rock CafeNamed forParamount PicturesGroundbreaking1926 1926 Topped outAugust 2 1926Completed1927 1927 Cost 13 5 millionClientParamount PicturesOwnerParamount LeaseholdHeightArchitectural455 ft 139 m Antenna spire431 ft 131 m Roof391 ft 119 m Top floor330 ft 100 m Technical detailsMaterialSteelFloor count33Floor area686 603 sq ft 63 787 5 m2 Lifts elevators22Grounds41 586 sq ft 3 863 5 m2 Design and constructionArchitect s C W and George L RappArchitecture firmRapp and RappDeveloperFamous Players LaskyEngineerR E Hall amp Co Main contractorThompson Starrett CompanyNew York City LandmarkOfficial nameParamount BuildingDesignatedNovember 1 1988Reference no 1566References 1 The facade is mostly designed with brick walls though the first five stories are ornamented with limestone piers The main entrance is on 43rd Street There is also a five story arch on Broadway facing Times Square which leads to a Hard Rock Cafe it is an imitation of the former Paramount Theatre entrance Atop the building is a four faced clock with two large faces and two small faces as well as an illuminated globe that could display the time The ground floor historically had an ornate lobby leading to the theater which had 3 664 seats over four levels The modern building contains office space in both the original office wing and the theater wing Paramount predecessor Famous Players Lasky proposed the theater in 1922 but Rapp and Rapp had revised the plans to include an office tower by 1924 The theater opened on November 19 1926 though the offices did not open until the following year The clock and globe on the roof were blacked out during World War II A group led by David Rosenthal converted the theater to offices in 1967 and removed the theater s original arch The Paramount Building s facade became a New York City designated landmark in 1988 The arch clock and globe were restored starting in the late 1990s and the main entrance was relocated in another renovation in the 2010s Contents 1 Site 2 Architecture 2 1 Form 2 2 Facade 2 2 1 Base 2 2 2 Office stories 2 2 3 Clock and globe 2 3 Interior 2 3 1 Lobby and elevators 2 3 2 Former theater space 2 3 3 Offices 3 History 3 1 Development 3 1 1 Planning 3 1 2 Construction 3 2 Early and mid 20th century 3 2 1 Opening and 1920s 3 2 2 1930s to 1950s 3 3 Late 20th century to present 3 3 1 Sale and annex conversion 3 3 2 1970s to 1990s 3 3 3 2000s to present 4 Critical reception 5 See also 6 References 6 1 Notes 6 2 Citations 6 3 Sources 7 External linksSite editThe Paramount Building is on 1501 Broadway between 43rd and 44th Streets at Times Square in the Midtown Manhattan neighborhood of New York City 2 3 While the building carries a Broadway address it is actually on the west side of Seventh Avenue 3 The section of Broadway and Seventh Avenue between 43rd and 45th Streets is officially listed on city maps as Times Square 4 a but the adjoining section of Broadway was converted into a permanent pedestrian plaza in the 2010s 5 6 The Paramount Building s rectangular land lot covers 41 586 square feet 3 863 5 m2 3 with a frontage of 200 feet 61 m on Broadway and 207 feet 63 m on 43rd and 44th Streets 3 7 8 The surrounding area is part of Manhattan s Theater District and contains many Broadway theatres 2 1501 Broadway shares the block with 229 West 43rd Street the Hayes Theater and the St James Theatre to the west Other nearby buildings include the Majestic Theatre the Broadhurst Theatre and the Shubert Theatre to the northwest One Astor Plaza to the north 1530 Broadway to the northeast 1500 Broadway to the east 4 Times Square and One Times Square to the southeast 3 Times Square to the south the American Airlines Theatre Lyric Theatre and New Victory Theater to the southwest 3 Prior to the development of the Paramount Building the eastern portion of the site had been occupied by the Putnam Building a six story commercial structure 9 10 11 It was named after American Revolutionary War general Israel Putnam who had passed through the site in 1776 during the war 9 10 The Putnam Building had long been occupied by theatrical agencies 12 and before its demolition in 1925 had a large electric sign measuring 200 by 50 feet 61 by 15 m on its facade 13 14 The western part of the site was occupied by a group of brownstones operated by the Astor family as a set of apartments called Westover Court 10 11 The Astor family had owned the land since 1803 Until about 1850 the vicinity had also been known as the Eden Farm a title that came from a previous landowner 15 Architecture edit1501 Broadway was designed by brothers Cornelius Ward Rapp and George Leslie Rapp of the firm Rapp and Rapp in the Beaux Arts and Art Deco styles 2 16 17 It was constructed from 1925 to 1927 as the headquarters of Paramount Pictures one of the major American motion picture companies in the 1920s 2 16 R E Hall amp Co were the construction engineers and Thompson Starrett Co was the general contractor 17 18 numerous other engineers contractors and suppliers were involved in the building s construction 17 1501 Broadway contains 33 stories 19 although early reports cite the structure as containing 35 stories 8 It measures 372 feet 113 m tall to its roof and 455 feet 139 m to its pinnacle 1 19 At the time of its completion the Paramount Building was the tallest building in Times Square 20 as well as Broadway s tallest building north of the Woolworth Building 16 Form edit nbsp Seen from 44th Street 1501 Broadway was designed in two parts the 33 story office section in the front along Broadway and a shorter wing in the rear which formerly housed the Paramount Theatre 7 8 This was typical of New York City theater buildings where the theater was relegated to cheaper lots on side streets while the office space took up the more valuable frontage on the main avenues 21 While the building had initially been planned with a 29 story office section 9 18 21 this was changed in the middle of construction 9 The office tower s decorative details was influenced by the Beaux Arts style 16 while the theater was designed in a Neo Renaissance style 20 The Art Deco decoration was limited largely to the massing 22 1501 Broadway contains eight setbacks 21 23 seven of which are above the theater wing 24 The setbacks are placed on all sides as mandated under the 1916 Zoning Resolution 9 21 On 43rd Street the theater wing is twelve stories tall 8 25 On 44th Street the theater wing is nine stories tall except for the westernmost bay which is fourteen stories tall with a setback on the 12th story 25 Along the office wing the setbacks on the north east and south elevations start above the 18th story there are six setbacks on these elevations placed at regular intervals 25 26 Each setback is separated by two or three stories 25 24 The office wing s west elevation rises above the roof of the theater wing with a small setback on the 26th story and a deeper setback on the 28th story The top section of 1501 Broadway rises above the 28th story and is two bays deep 25 The massing was intended to resemble that of a pyramid 26 or a mountain as depicted in the Paramount Pictures logo 24 Facade edit Base edit The first five stories of both wings are clad in limestone and constitute the building s base 7 8 The ground story contains storefronts 7 The main entrance since 2018 is on 43rd Street with bronze doors and a bronze marquee sign 27 The 2nd through 4th stories are divided into bays containing three story window openings flanked by rusticated piers The windows on each story are separated by iron spandrels and are divided by vertical iron mullions The spandrels are ornamented with classical motifs as well as theatrical icons such as masks scrolls and festoons 7 The 5th story contains one over one sash windows with metal frames Between the 5th story windows are oval cartouches 28 nbsp The Paramount arch on Times Square a replica of the original The theater entrance was near the south end of the eastern elevation facing Broadway Originally it had a five story archway and an elaborate curved marquee 15 18 The original archway was removed in the late 1960s and replaced with windows and rusticated piers which were taken from the 43rd Street elevation 29 The only indication of the former archway was the presence of blank limestone panels instead of windows on the 5th story 29 30 The arch was restored in 2001 and is constructed of concrete reinforced with glass fibers The archway is surrounded by a frame with scrolls rosettes and lyre players attached to a steel frame The replica marquee measuring 39 feet 12 m wide is made of three glass panels reinforced with plastic and finished in bronze 31 The marquee includes a curved LED display but was otherwise designed to match historical specifications 32 A sign with the name Paramount is mounted over the archway and contains 400 lights 31 Prior to 2018 33 the main office entrance was just north of the center bay along Broadway the opening still exists but leads to a retail space It contains a double height limestone frame with a lintel above the second floor The doorway is divided vertically into a large center section flanked by two narrower sections At ground level the entrance includes a set of double doors flanked by a single door all made of brass and glass Above the center doors is a clock flanked by brackets There are windows above the remainder of the ground floor as well as another set of windows on the 2nd story 7 The ground and 2nd stories of the doorway are separated by decorative iron spandrels the center panel has an oval motif 7 34 The spandrels contain other motifs including theater masks instruments and branches 34 The building s cornerstone is placed in a niche within the former main entrance 35 The cornerstone includes copper boxes with several newspapers front pages gold coins film reels and a news reel showing Richard E Byrd s 1926 North Pole flight 35 36 Office stories edit Starting on the 6th story of the office tower the window openings generally contain one over one windows which are grouped into bays The bays are divided by alternating narrow and wide piers The narrow piers are plain while the wide piers are either rusticated or plain The rusticated piers project slightly from the facade The rear wing on 43rd and 44th Streets has double hung windows separated by plain piers On 44th Street there are oval openings at the ninth story which are surrounded by festoons The top of the rear wing on 44th Street is decorated with acroteria 25 The setbacks of the office tower contain parapets 25 Below the parapets were floodlights that originally illuminated the setbacks at night to emphasize the jagged massing 9 21 26 Over one thousand lights were used in the setbacks lighting system 23 Trapezoidal finials designed to resemble obelisks are placed at the setback level atop many of the rusticated piers 21 25 On the 28th through 30th stories there are oversized consoles on the north and south elevations 25 Clock and globe edit nbsp The top of the building featuring the clock and globe as seen from the west The Paramount Building has a large four faced clock above its 30th story 20 37 The clock faces on the west and east are made of limestone with metal minute and hour hands 25 The west and east clock faces measure about 25 feet 7 6 m wide 38 39 b Inset within the stone are twelve circular glass panels which measure 4 feet 1 2 m high and denote the hours 39 These panels contain five pointed stars forming a circle of stars as used in the Paramount Pictures logo 9 20 37 38 The hour and minute hands were originally illuminated 37 39 c Flanking these faces is a pair of setback pavilions with oval cartouches and rusticated piers The north and south clock faces are placed on these setback pavilions They are made with metal frames and are smaller than those on the west and east 25 The clock faces were mechanically operated from the building s completion 39 40 Above the clock faces is a stone frieze and trapezoidal corner obelisks 25 The top of the building contains a copper pedestal with an ornamental glass and copper sphere measuring 19 feet 5 8 m across 25 41 42 The sphere is made of 90 square panels originally decorated with a map of the world A smokestack is placed within the globe measuring 2 5 feet 0 76 m wide with a maintenance ladder and catwalks inside 41 The globe was intended to signify Paramount predecessor Famous Players Lasky 26 and it originally illuminated once every 15 minutes d In its early years the globe could be seen from several miles away at night 38 39 During World War II the globe and clock were painted black to maintain blackout conditions for fear of an enemy invasion They were restored in 1996 20 38 After its restoration the globe was lit a constant white after dusk with red pulses every 15 minutes to signify the time as well as bell chimes 37 38 e In November 1927 a rooftop observation deck opened above the clock 43 44 at a height of 450 feet 140 m 45 It included glass enclosed rooms on either side of the clock 39 43 Adults were charged 50 cents for admission while children paid 25 cents 43 The observation deck has since been closed 44 The observation area is narrow though urban explorers have climbed onto the deck 46 Interior edit The central entrance on Broadway led to the offices while the ornate arched entrance on the south end of the Broadway elevation led to the Paramount Theatre 45 47 At ground level a large amount of space was occupied by the theater s entrance and other space was taken up by seven storefronts There was also store space in the basement as well as a foundation that extended 52 feet 16 m deep 8 In total the building had 6 000 square feet 560 m2 of stores and 2 000 square feet 190 m2 of basements 8 45 The office section of the building originally comprised 250 000 square feet 23 000 m2 48 or 265 000 square feet 24 600 m2 8 The entire building was served by an emergency staircase and there were toilets on every floor 8 Lobby and elevators edit The original Broadway lobby was relatively small no one had to travel more than 35 feet 11 m between the street and any elevator The space had a travertine floor and polished black veined marble walls There was a tenant directory facing the main entrance as well as a mail chute on the wall between the directory and the entrance The lobby had a shallow vaulted ceiling with low relief ornamentation a gold finish and bronze chandeliers Inset into the walls were bronze elevator doors 26 Originally the lobby was served by six local and six express elevators The local elevators traveled only to the 18th floor while the express elevators skipped some intermediate stories and traveled to the 28th floor 8 Visitors to the observation deck had to take an express elevator then transfer to a lift that served the upper offices 8 43 On one side of the lobby was a broad travertine staircase which led to a second story banking room occupied by the Chemical National Bank This banking room was finished with a terrazzo floor and marble base while all the trim and the counter screens were made of wood The lower part of the counter screen and the wainscoting on the walls were composed of molded wood paneling which was painted white The upper part of the counter screen was framed in walnut with a natural finish and all of the furniture and fixtures of the officers platform were also made of walnut Above the woodwork the walls and ceiling were finished in white tinted plaster 26 In 2018 a third story sky lobby was completed The sky lobby includes a two story escalator atrium and an additional elevator from the entrance on 43rd Street 33 The offices were originally served by twelve elevators that could travel at up to 700 feet per minute 210 m min 45 As of 2021 update there are 22 elevators in the building 49 Former theater space edit The interior of the theater was decorated with French detailing 37 The arch connected to a domed rotunda measuring 50 feet 15 m tall supported by veined marble columns on black and gold bases 8 50 51 A Hall of Nations was just past the rotunda 45 The Hall of Nations had rocks from 37 countries accompanied by explanatory plaques 50 51 as well as a bust of Thomas Edison 50 Past that was a grand hall along 43rd Street which was modeled on the Versailles chapel and measured 150 feet 46 m long by up to 50 feet 15 m wide 8 30 52 The hall s design features were also inspired by that of the Paris Opera House s foyer with white marble columns balustrades and a grand staircase flanking the hallway 15 47 50 The vaulted ceiling rose to a height of 50 feet 15 m and had a mural of the Sun King 50 52 Elevators connected with the Paramount Theatre s mezzanine levels and with a basement lounge 50 An enormous crystal chandelier was hung from the hall 47 The 3 664 seat auditorium was at the rear of the building 53 It was 10 stories tall with three levels of balcony seats as well as a promenade for visitors to look down at the theater from overhead 30 52 The orchestra was at the south end while the stage was at the north end 47 The theater was decorated in rose turquoise and ivory colors 8 50 with red and gold draperies as well as a cyclorama style wall at the rear of the stage 8 Fountains flanked the proscenium arch above the stage 50 The height of the theater was emphasized by decorated vertical panels on either side of the proscenium 52 The theater housed a large organ built by the Wurlitzer company 54 The railings were manufactured from brass There were Greek statues and busts carved in wall niches while the restrooms and waiting rooms were grandiose in style in comparison to cathedrals at the time 47 In addition to the auditorium there was a music room 8 and three rehearsal rooms 50 55 Various rooms were decorated with artwork and there were seating lounges and a tea gallery as well 50 The side rooms were given names 8 such as the Elizabethan Room a mixed gender lounge paneled in walnut 50 52 The theater space was converted to offices in 1967 requiring the installation of 64 steel columns within the auditorium shell 56 The former auditorium is spanned by eight trusses each measuring 122 feet 37 m and weighing 144 short tons 129 long tons 131 t 7 8 57 The former theater lobby s space is occupied by a Hard Rock Cafe restaurant spread across 5 500 square feet 510 m2 on the ground floor and 35 000 square feet 3 300 m2 in the basement as well as a Hard Rock Cafe store measuring 1 500 square feet 140 m2 The restaurant can fit 600 diners or 1 000 concertgoers 58 Offices edit The offices were decorated with similar French motifs as the rest of the building 37 The fourth through twelfth stories originally occupied by Famous Players Lasky included 65 executive offices that were finished in walnut and some rooms contained veneers of burled walnut The veneers contained carvings of figures that matched the burled surfaces of the wood The private offices of Famous Players Lasky cofounders Adolph Zukor and Jesse L Lasky were decorated with walnut paneled walls separated by wide moldings These offices had large ceiling beams which were clad with walnut panels and separated by plaster coffers the casement windows in these offices contained stained glass panels 26 The stories below the 18th floor each contained 16 000 square feet 1 500 m2 while the upper stories were smaller because of the setbacks 48 tapering to 2 100 square feet 200 m2 at the top 24 As a result of the setbacks the floors were also built in eleven different sizes 8 The smaller upper stories were advertised as being suitable for companies that wanted to consolidate their offices on a full story and occupy it for themselves 8 59 60 Another 190 000 square feet 18 000 m2 61 or 220 000 square feet 20 000 m2 of office space was added in the late 1960s with the renovation of the former theater wing 62 The conversion created floor plates of up to 37 000 square feet 3 400 m2 on the lowest stories 61 History editTimes Square became the epicenter for large scale theater productions between 1900 and the Great Depression 63 Famous Players Lasky the predecessor to the Paramount Corporation had been formed in 1916 64 The company formed a subsidiary the 1493 Broadway Corporation to buy the Putnam Building and Westover Court on Times Square in 1919 10 During the 1920s Famous Players Lasky president Adolph Zukor had acquired a controlling interest in the Chicago based Balaban and Katz theatre chain operated by Sam Katz who became the head of Paramount s theatre division 65 59 Balaban and Katz had a long working relationship with Chicago architectural firm Rapp and Rapp which had designed numerous theaters for Katz s company in the Midwest 65 66 Development edit Planning edit nbsp Detail of windows at base In June 1922 Famous Players Lasky received a 5 5 million loan from the Prudence Bonds Corporation and it planned to spend 2 5 million on a 4 000 seat movie theater behind the Putnam Building 10 67 Rapp and Rapp were hired to design the new theater 68 Shortly afterward Famous Players Lasky signed a 21 year lease with the 1493 Broadway Corporation 69 70 Though Famous Players Lasky had encountered difficulties in funding its motion pictures by late 1923 Zukor said the corporation would proceed once the lease on Westover Court expired the following year 70 The size of the site would have allowed a theater with up to 7 000 seats but this would have required an extremely crowded seating arrangement 55 Famous Players Lasky had raised 2 million toward funding the building s construction when it had run into financial issues Ultimately the company implemented a financing plan wherein it cleared the debt from the bond issues 71 After Famous Players Lasky s financial issues were resolved in October 1924 Zukor announced that the company would construct the theater and an office tower 72 Early in 1925 Zukor appointed a special committee to oversee the development of the office tower and the as yet unnamed theater 71 That April Famous Players Lasky announced that it would erect the 29 story Paramount Building and an adjoining theater for 13 5 million 73 74 75 and Rapp and Rapp filed building plans 9 The land alone was valued at 4 24 million an increase from 3 2 million in 1917 12 In addition to the theater the building would include ground story stores Famous Players Lasky s offices a radio broadcasting station a private rehearsal theater and a children s nursery 15 18 73 The theater would be operated as part of Famous Players Lasky s Publix chain 55 76 The lowest two stories and the 16th through 31st stories would be rented out except to theatrical agents who would instead be offered space at Paramount Studios in Queens 76 The theater was planned to be completed first followed by the office tower 55 The tenants of Westover Court were asked to leave the site by the beginning of June 1925 77 78 and the Putnam Building was to be demolished by that October 74 Construction edit nbsp Paramount Building ad in Motion Picture News 1926 Demolition contracts were awarded in May 1925 18 79 80 Famous Players Lasky kept a film record of the work 81 starting with the demolition of Westover Court 79 To celebrate the project Famous Players Lasky held a barbecue in the nearby Hotel Astor that August serving oxen and lamb that had been roasted over Westover Court s ruins 82 83 By September the Putnam Building was slated to be demolished 12 In January 1926 the Paramount Broadway Corporation issued a first mortgage consisting of 10 million in bonds with a maturity of 25 years 84 85 The same month the Paramount Broadway Corporation leased the building to Famous Players Lasky for 25 years at an annual rental of 807 500 86 By then the site s valuation had increased to 6 million making it one of the most valuable sites in the neighborhood 87 The Broadway Association was tasked with arranging a dedication ceremony for the Paramount Building 88 The excavations descended about 53 feet 16 m into the underlying layer of bedrock 45 During excavations in February 1926 a water main and a gas main broke flooding the site 89 90 Later that month the Thompson Starrett Company began erecting the steel trusses above the auditorium Traveling derricks were used for the process which was captured on film and which attracted a large crowd 7 57 Inclement weather during that month led to slight delays prompting Thompson Starrett to hire contractors for overnight shifts to make up for the lost time By the end of March the auditorium s trusses were completed and the steel for the office tower was being erected In addition the offices on the first 13 stories had been completely rented as were much of the 18th through 23rd stories 45 Mayor Jimmy Walker laid the ceremonial cornerstone on May 19 1926 at a ceremony attended by Paramount s cofounders Zukor and Jesse L Lasky as well as various producers and actors 36 91 One of the building s architects C W Rapp died the following month during the construction 92 The office tower topped out on August 2 1926 with the raising of the U S flag 450 feet 140 m above street level 93 94 The same month Roman governor Filippo Cremonesi presented an eagle from a Roman palace on behalf of Italian leader Benito Mussolini for the theater s Hall of Nations 95 At that point a variety of firms had leased space at the building including Rapp and Rapp the Western Union Telegraph Company and the Educational Film Corporation of America 96 97 In mid November 1926 the New York Building Congress distributed craftsmanship awards to 21 construction workers 98 Early and mid 20th century edit Opening and 1920s edit nbsp Viewed from across Times Square The Paramount Theatre opened on November 19 1926 99 with a ceremony including thousands of guests 100 101 This was part of a three day celebration of Broadway s 300th anniversary 102 which included an event in which thousands of balloons were released from the roof of the office tower 103 104 To date 17 million had been spent on the entire project including 3 million on the theater alone 50 51 Within a week of the theater s opening Famous Players Lasky estimated that the theater would earn 20 000 a week in net profit 105 The retail tenants included Chemical Bank 105 106 Childs Restaurants 105 107 the Knox Hat Company 105 108 and the Sarnoff Irving Hat Store 109 while the office tenants included four firms listed on the New York Stock Exchange 105 William A White amp Sons managed the leasing for the Paramount Building 110 Zukor had the top story office for himself 111 By January 1927 the building was 35 percent rented 112 the office structure was completed early that year 9 Some of the storefronts began opening that May including a barber shop 113 and the Chemical Bank branch 106 Rapp and Rapp filed plans in July 1927 to convert the basement to a restaurant 114 and the observation deck opened that November 115 The building s retail tenants paid rent to Paramount based on a percentage of each tenants gross profits Paramount executives frequently patronized the shops including a 3rd story barbershop the Childs Restaurant in the basement and a Walgreens pharmacy at ground level 116 Rapp and Rapp filed plans for further alterations in late 1928 117 By then Famous Players Lasky was officially known as the Paramount Famous Lasky Corporation that company in turn became Paramount Publix in 1930 118 1930s to 1950s edit The office tower received several new tenants in the 1930s including Fusion Party campaign offices 119 advertisers Donahue amp Coe 120 and Prudential Insurance 121 By February 1933 Publix was in receivership and seeking to reduce its rent payments 122 123 in so doing the firm moved to downsize its space 124 A bankruptcy court agreed to reorganize the Paramount Building s debt in May 1934 The yearly interest rate on the bonds was lowered temporarily until half the principal of the bonds was paid off 125 126 127 Paramount Broadway also sued to have the tax assessment for the building reduced by 3 million 128 Despite opposition by bondholders 129 130 Paramount Publix reorganized as Paramount Pictures Inc in April 1935 and restructured its subsidiary the Paramount Broadway Corporation 131 Paramount Pictures owned all stock in Paramount Broadway 118 The Paramount Theatre at the base closed for one week in 1934 the only extended closure in the theater s history 132 The next year the clock faces were refurbished after the hands had become badly corroded 40 133 Paramount Broadway continued to post losses in the years after the reorganization 134 Conversely the Paramount Theatre at the building s base became highly popular especially for live musical performances hosting performers such as Buddy Holly and Frank Sinatra 62 135 William A White amp Son prepared the building for air raids at the beginning of World War II 136 137 which led the building to earn an award for air raid readiness in 1943 138 In addition the Paramount Building s tenants collected scrap paper for the war effort 139 140 and the globe and clock atop the building were blacked out 20 38 By the end of 1944 Paramount Broadway had paid off a 6 million mortgage on the building 141 Paramount attempted to sell the office building in 1948 After marketing the building for a few months and failing to find a buyer the company listed it publicly that September for 13 million 142 The clock faces were repaired in mid 1949 143 In 1949 Paramount Pictures board of directors voted to split the theater unit to a separate company United Paramount Theatres UPT 144 145 The building became the UPT s headquarters and UPT leased the theater from Paramount Pictures 99 In addition Paramount received a 9 million loan from Prudential Insurance in September 1950 including a 7 million mortgage on the Paramount Building 146 147 After UPT s merger with ABC in 1953 148 149 the building continued as American Broadcasting Paramount Theatres AB PT s headquarters 150 The Child s Restaurant and Walgreens store at the base which had occupied the building since its completion were closed in 1957 151 AB PT relocated its headquarters to the ABC studios on 66th Street in 1959 though ABC s film syndication units remained at the Paramount Building 152 The theater had dropped its stage show policy in 1952 but was still popular 153 though it faced increasing competition from television 135 Late 20th century to present edit Sale and annex conversion edit nbsp Former theater annex on 43rd Street William Zeckendorf Jr of the firm Webb amp Knapp offered to buy 1501 Broadway in June 1964 with plans to replace the Paramount Theatre with an exhibit hall and office space 153 154 A Webb amp Knapp subsidiary had made a 150 000 down payment with a promise to pay 350 000 before the sale s closing and 10 million at closing 155 The theater shuttered on August 4 1964 132 though it temporarily reopened the next month 156 Paramount Pictures indicated it would remain in the building 157 The conclusion of the sale was postponed to October 158 159 then to November 160 161 when the theater s art was auctioned 162 1501 Broadway was finally purchased in December 1964 by Paramount Building Associates an affiliate of Webb amp Knapp for 10 5 million By then Webb amp Knapp was financially troubled and was selling off property to pay off debts 163 164 The Paramount Theatre was leased for stage screen programs in March 1965 165 but closed again that June after failing to attract guests 166 Paramount Building Associates contracted to resell 1501 Broadway in May 1965 to Evelyn Sharp who paid 9 million and planned to renovate the building 167 168 Mortimer M Caplin had been appointed as trustee for Webb amp Knapp s operations and he sought to delay the sale of the building to Sharp 169 170 The property title was to have been transferred in June 1965 but Caplin objected to the transfer at the last minute 155 171 Caplin presumably wanted Webb amp Knapp s 500 000 deposit on the building to be returned to his client 172 This led Sharp to withdraw from the proposed sale 173 allowing Caplin to proceed with selling the building at a foreclosure auction 174 175 Though the auction garnered no buyers 176 the building was sold that September to David Rosenthal Joseph E Levine and Philip J Levin 177 178 ABC moved to 1330 Avenue of the Americas afterward 179 180 while Paramount moved out after becoming part of the Gulf amp Western conglomerate 181 The owners planned to build a garage at ground level with offices above 48 182 The group began renovating the Paramount Building in January 1967 183 62 As part of the renovation the Paramount Theatre was dismantled and turned into office space and the archway leading to the theater was removed 184 That March Rosenthal and Levine sold their ownership stakes to Levin and Arlen Properties who split ownership equally between them 185 186 Existing tenants were not disrupted by the demolition of the old theater which had been completed by that October 56 A branch of the New York Bank for Savings opened in the base in early 1968 while construction was still ongoing forcing the tellers to wear hard hats 187 1970s to 1990s edit Newmark amp Company managed the building on behalf of Arlen signing ten year leases for the expanded office stories 61 Major tenants in the newly converted offices included The New York Times 61 the Offtrack Betting Corporation 188 Lane Bryant 189 and the Metropolitan Diagnostic Institute 190 The newly converted office space was not fully leased until the mid 1970s By the end of that decade many lower story tenants had chosen not to renew including the Times and Lane Bryant but Newmark had added other tenants including the Internal Revenue Service and Hardesty amp Hanover By contrast the upper stories were fully rented 61 In addition to the larger tenants the Paramount Building hosted smaller offices such as those of the National Endowments for the Arts and Humanities 191 All of the space in the building had been rented by the mid 1980s 192 nbsp Hard Rock Cafe The New York City Landmarks Preservation Commission LPC designated the Paramount Building as a city landmark in November 1988 193 194 The building was designated for its historical importance to the motion picture industry and for its architectural importance as an Art Deco skyscraper 194 In 1996 Newmark received permission from the LPC to restore the clock and globe atop the building and the large arch on Broadway 195 196 An imitation of the original marquee was to be placed in front of the arch 197 This was part of the company s effort to attract a retailer to the basement 196 Planet Hollywood which planned to lease the basement 195 197 was to pay for the restoration 196 The restoration of the clock and globe involved changing the power supply and rebuilding the clock mechanism 197 The clock and globe were restored at the end of 1997 38 Planet Hollywood spent 13 million on renovating 1501 Broadway s ground floor space into a venue for live music 198 Tobin Parnes was the restoration architect 31 199 The project entailed lowering the basement by 7 feet 2 1 m removing three support columns and lengthening nine more columns 200 Following Planet Hollywood s financial troubles 201 it sold the basement and first floor space to World Wrestling Federation Entertainment WWF later WWE in July 1999 for 9 million 42 198 WWF planned to open a theme restaurant at the base known as The World 202 and the company spent 7 5 million 31 2000s to present edit The World opened in 2000 203 199 That May the LPC approved the addition of an LED marquee 204 after initially hesitating to do so 199 The new marquee was unveiled with an American flag display on September 12 2001 one day after the September 11 attacks 32 WWE closed its store and restaurant in early 2003 only three years after opening the restaurant 205 Bubba Gump Shrimp Company opened a restaurant in the building that year 206 Hard Rock Cafe decided to move into the WWE space in 2004 207 208 citing the improvements that WWE had already made 58 Numerous retailers took space at 1501 Broadway in the early 2010s including Ben amp Jerry s 209 and the New York Yankees 210 Paramount Leasehold LP the building s owner obtained a 130 million mortgage from Cantor Commercial Real Estate in 2013 Paramount Leasehold planned to spend 50 million on renovating the building it also considered adding an entrance on 43rd Street At the time 1501 Broadway was 70 percent occupied and its tenants included entertainment companies and attorneys 211 212 The LPC approved the renovation project in 2016 27 213 The lobby was moved from Broadway to 43rd Street and a tenant lounge was installed on the third story 214 215 In addition elevators and escalators were added while hallways restrooms and windows were upgraded 53 214 216 The contractors replicated the historical features using plaster moldings and some original architectural details were salvaged and relocated A specialty contractor provided the custom cast bronze pieces and an Italian quarry supplied marble for the renovation 33 The lobby relocation was completed in mid 2018 33 217 after which Newmark signed leases with tenants such as the KIPP Foundation and the American Federation of Musicians 218 219 The entire renovation was completed in 2019 216 JPMorgan Chase gave Levin and Newmark a 200 million loan for 1501 Broadway in early 2020 220 221 and the owners began adding a tenant lounge on the third story that year 215 Ticketing platform TodayTix moved to 1501 Broadway in 2022 222 Critical reception editWhen the Paramount Building was completed architect Francisco Mujica wrote that the building exemplified how setback skyscrapers resembled the primitive pyramids of America 223 224 H I Brock of The New York Times wrote that the Paramount Building was the most extraordinary pile in New York 21 225 Conversely Lewis Mumford said the posters describe it as the greatest palace that shadows have built a phrase that had been created by film industry promoters 21 but it is in fact the greatest shadow that shadows have built 226 While Mumford characterized the exterior as something that nobody could see he called the interior the reminiscence of a grandiose nightmare that might follow a rather arduous day of sightseeing in Paris 21 226 George Shepard Chappell writing in The New Yorker under the pseudonym T Square wrote that he could not conscientiously give the building anything except size in Chappell s view this fit with the concentrated tawdriness of Times Square 21 227 In the 1980s The New York Times wrote that Times Square s skyline was characterized by the beautiful Astor Hotel the sleekly new Paramount Building and of course Times Tower 228 The Times wrote that despite 1501 Broadway s location at the middle of Times Square some New Yorkers have never bothered craning their necks to see the building s attributes including its globe and clock 229 1501 Broadway was also significant in the film industry Years after the destruction of the theater and the relocation of Paramount itself Variety magazine said that 1501 Broadway will always be a symbol of where the action was 181 See also edit nbsp Architecture portal nbsp New York City portal Architecture of New York City Art Deco architecture of New York City List of buildings and structures on Broadway in Manhattan List of New York City Designated Landmarks in Manhattan from 14th to 59th StreetsReferences editNotes edit As the two roads intersect at a very shallow angle they are nearly parallel through Times Square Broadway is west of Seventh Avenue to the north of 45th Street and east of Seventh Avenue to the south of 44th Street 4 Because Broadway between 42nd and 47th Streets was closed in the 2010s the Paramount Building only faces Seventh Avenue 5 6 The New York Times gives a width of 25 feet 7 6 m 38 while The Yonkers Herald gives a width of 26 feet 7 9 m for the larger faces 39 The New York Herald Tribune says the larger faces are 30 feet 9 1 m wide and the smaller faces are 26 feet wide 40 When the clock was installed in 1926 the hour hands of the larger faces were 12 feet 3 7 m long and the minute hands were 17 feet 5 2 m long 39 The arms were replaced in 1936 with hour hands measuring 10 feet 3 0 m long and minute hands measuring 14 feet 4 3 m long 40 The red light flashed at the following intervals once at 15 minutes past the hour twice at 30 minutes past the hour and three times at 45 minutes past the hour Every hour on the hour the red light flashed four times then the white light flashed the number of hours For instance 10 00 p m would be signified by four red flashes followed by ten white flashes 41 The red lights flash at the following intervals once at 15 minutes past the hour twice at 30 minutes past the hour three times at 45 minutes past the hour and four times on the hour 38 Citations edit a b Paramount Building The Skyscraper Center Council on Tall Buildings and Urban Habitat CTBUH Retrieved April 12 2024 a b c d White Norval Willensky Elliot Leadon Fran 2010 AIA Guide to New York City 5th ed New York Oxford University Press p 297 ISBN 978 0 19538 386 7 a b c d e 1493 Broadway 10036 New York City Department of City Planning Archived from the original on November 14 2021 Retrieved March 25 2021 a b Pollak Michael June 12 2005 Times Square Shuffle The New York Times ISSN 0362 4331 Archived from the original on November 17 2021 Retrieved November 17 2021 a b Warerkar Tanay April 19 2017 See how Snohetta s transformation of Times Square made it more pedestrian friendly Curbed NY Archived from the original on November 1 2021 Retrieved November 1 2021 a b Fishbein Rebecca April 19 2017 Photos Times Square s Transformation Into A Pedestrian Friendly Tourist Fun Zone Is Complete Gothamist Archived from the original on November 1 2021 Retrieved November 1 2021 a b c d e f g h i Landmarks Preservation Commission 1988 p 7 a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t Architecture and Building 1927 p 3 a b c d e f g h i Landmarks Preservation Commission 1988 p 6 a b c d e 5 500 000 Theatre for Times Square Famous Players Lasky Corporation to Build Just Off Broadway From 43d to 44th St The New York Times June 3 1922 ISSN 0362 4331 Archived from the original on November 14 2021 Retrieved November 14 2021 a b 4 000 Seat Movie Theater Planned For Times Square Westover Court in 42d and 44th Streets to Give Way to Big Structure 85 000 000 for Improvements New York Tribune June 3 1922 p 6 ProQuest 576614297 a b c Big Improvements in Times Square Wrecking of Putnam Building for Paramount Theatre Will Begin This Week The New York Times September 27 1925 p RE1 ISSN 0362 4331 ProQuest 103424441 Greatest Electrical Display To Be Seen Here Every Night Broadway s Skyline a Varicolored Movie Night Signs One of Features of Great White Way New York Tribune July 16 1922 p B1 ProQuest 576626612 Big Rentals Paid for Electric Signs Wrigley s 100 000 a Year Sign Soon to Come Down Heads Times Square s Rental List Wall Street Journal December 27 1923 p 10 ISSN 0099 9660 ProQuest 130140673 a b c d Johns Orrick May 7 1925 Paramount Pictures Building Project Times Sq New York The Promenade Elaborate Stage The Christian Science Monitor p 10 ISSN 2573 3850 ProQuest 511589255 a b c d Landmarks Preservation Commission 1988 p 5 a b c Architecture and Building 1927 p 4 a b c d e Soon to Begin Work on Film Skyscraper Clearing of Site for Paramount Building in Times Square to Be Started in Week The New York Times May 24 1925 ISSN 0362 4331 Archived from the original on November 14 2021 Retrieved November 14 2021 a b Paramount Building Emporis Archived from the original on August 7 2020 Retrieved January 1 2021 a b c d e f New York City Landmarks Preservation Commission Dolkart Andrew S Postal Matthew A 2009 Postal Matthew A ed Guide to New York City Landmarks 4th ed New York John Wiley amp Sons pp 90 91 ISBN 978 0 470 28963 1 a b c d e f g h i j Stern Gilmartin amp Mellins 1987 p 534 Robins 2017 p 91 a b New Paramount Building Officially Opens To night Theater in 40 Story Broadway Structure Arranges Initial Production New York Herald Tribune November 19 1926 p 18 ProQuest 1112653244 a b c d Stichweh Dirk 2016 New York Skyscrapers Prestel Publishing p 173 ISBN 978 3 7913 8226 5 OCLC 923852487 a b c d e f g h i j k l m Landmarks Preservation Commission 1988 p 8 a b c d e f g Architecture and Building 1927 p 217 a b Paramount Building Entrance 1501 Broadway Moving Because of Times Square Pedestrian Plaza New York YIMBY March 17 2016 Archived from the original on November 15 2021 Retrieved November 15 2021 Landmarks Preservation Commission 1988 pp 7 8 a b Landmarks Preservation Commission 1988 pp 8 9 a b c Schneider Daniel B July 12 1998 F Y I The New York Times ISSN 0362 4331 Archived from the original on November 15 2021 Retrieved November 15 2021 a b c d Dunlap David W April 18 2001 Commercial Real Estate Reviving Paramount s Marquee and Waldorf s Stars The New York Times ISSN 0362 4331 Archived from the original on November 15 2021 Retrieved November 15 2021 a b Dunlap David W December 30 2001 The Great Red Green and Blue Way The New York Times ISSN 0362 4331 Archived from the original on September 27 2021 Retrieved November 15 2021 a b c d 1501 Broadway Lobby Positioning Interior Tenant Best Project 2018 Engineering News Record September 27 2018 Archived from the original on November 15 2021 Retrieved November 15 2021 a b Robins 2017 pp 90 91 a b Pictures Cornerstone Laid for New F P Bldg Variety Vol 83 no 1 May 19 1926 p 3 ISSN 0042 2738 ProQuest 1475781027 a b Paramount Stone Is Laid by Walker Hays Eulogizes Film Industry at Dedication of Theatre Building in Times Square The New York Times May 20 1926 ISSN 0362 4331 Archived from the original on November 15 2021 Retrieved November 15 2021 a b c d e f Robins 2017 p 90 a b c d e f g h i Dunlap David W December 17 1997 Broadway Beacon Set to Glow Again The New York Times ISSN 0362 4331 Archived from the original on November 15 2021 Retrieved November 15 2021 a b c d e f g h Biggest Clock s for Broadway The Yonkers Herald July 21 1926 p 9 Archived from the original on November 17 2021 Retrieved November 15 2021 via newspapers com a b c d Two New Hands Point Out Time For Broadway Paramount Pair Weighing 1 600 Pounds Corroded in Danger of Fall to Street Others To Be Changed 40 000 Timepiece Made in 1926 Gets 1st Repair Broadway s Favorite Clock Gets an Overhauling New York Herald Tribune August 10 1935 p 11 ProQuest 1240195697 a b c Huge Ball to Tell Time Device on Paramount Building Will Flash Signals The New York Times September 1 1926 ISSN 0362 4331 Archived from the original on November 15 2021 Retrieved November 15 2021 a b Windeler Robert July 29 1999 In Focus Paramount Theatre Rises Venue to Return as Wrestling Arena Restaurant Back Stage Vol 40 no 30 p 6 ISSN 0005 3635 ProQuest 1598449 a b c d New Sightseeing Tower Paramount Building Will Be Open for Visitors Tomorrow The New York Times November 13 1927 ISSN 0362 4331 Archived from the original on November 15 2021 Retrieved November 15 2021 a b Landmarks Preservation Commission 1988 pp 6 7 a b c d e f g Record in Building Aim at Paramount Contractors Making Up Time Lost Through Bad Weather on 35 story Structure The New York Times March 28 1926 ISSN 0362 4331 Archived from the original on November 15 2021 Retrieved November 15 2021 Photos Atop the Globe and Clocktower of the Paramount Building in Times Square Untapped New York April 23 2019 Archived from the original on November 15 2021 Retrieved November 15 2021 a b c d e Paramount Theatre in New York NY Cinema Treasures November 19 1926 Archived from the original on February 2 2011 Retrieved November 17 2021 a b c Ennis Thomas W January 30 1966 Office Boom Seen for Times Square New Skyscraper Will Rise on Site of Astor Hotel Wide Interest Reported The New York Times ISSN 0362 4331 Archived from the original on November 16 2021 Retrieved November 16 2021 Elevator Devices NYC Department of Buildings City of New York Archived from the original on April 17 2015 Retrieved April 9 2015 a b c d e f g h i j k l Costliest Theatre Will Open Tonight 3 000 000 Home of Paramount Films Is the First Word in Comfort The New York Times November 19 1926 ISSN 0362 4331 Archived from the original on November 15 2021 Retrieved November 15 2021 a b c Paramount Theatre is Opened to Public Times Union November 20 1926 p 4 Archived from the original on November 15 2021 Retrieved November 15 2021 via newspapers com a b c d e Stern Gilmartin amp Mellins 1987 p 256 a b Paramount Building owners hit Hard Rock parent company with 6 5M lawsuit Crain s New York Business December 17 2020 Archived from the original on November 15 2021 Retrieved November 15 2021 Paramount Theatre New York City Chapter of the American Guild of Organists November 19 1926 Archived from the original on February 10 2021 Retrieved November 15 2021 a b c d Motion Pictures New Paramount House To Be Opening Point Of All Publix Units The Billboard Vol 38 no 14 April 3 1926 p 46 ISSN 2638 3853 ProQuest 1031785373 a b Paramount s Glory Turns to Dust The New York Times October 7 1967 ISSN 0362 4331 Archived from the original on November 16 2021 Retrieved November 16 2021 a b Times Square Sees Weight lifting Feat Police Guard New Paramount Building Site as 144 ton Truss Is Set in Place The New York Times February 23 1926 ISSN 0362 4331 Archived from the original on November 15 2021 Retrieved November 15 2021 a b Rothstein Mervyn January 23 2005 A Crossroads for Restaurants The New York Times ISSN 0362 4331 Archived from the original on November 15 2021 Retrieved November 15 2021 a b Landmarks Preservation Commission 1988 p 3 The Paramount Building and the Paramount Theater Architecture and Building Vol 49 no 1 January 1927 p 3 a b c d e Oser Alan July 4 1979 About Real Estate Times Square Office Space Filling Rapidly The New York Times p A10 ISSN 0362 4331 ProQuest 120818575 a b c Ennis Thomas W January 17 1967 News of Realty End of a Theater Work Begun on Converting the Paramount to Offices The New York Times ISSN 0362 4331 Archived from the original on November 15 2021 Retrieved November 15 2021 Swift Christopher 2018 The City Performs An Architectural History of NYC Theater New York City College of Technology City University of New York Archived from the original on March 25 2020 Retrieved March 25 2020 Landmarks Preservation Commission 1988 p 2 a b White Norval amp Willensky Elliot 2000 AIA Guide to New York City 4th ed New York Three Rivers Press p 258 ISBN 978 0 8129 3107 5 Landmarks Preservation Commission 1988 p 4 Float 5 500 000 Loan for Times Sq Theater The Billboard Vol 34 no 23 June 10 1922 p 8 ISSN 2638 3853 ProQuest 1031680395 Theatres The Real Estate Record Real Estate Record and Builders Guide Vol 109 no 23 June 10 1922 p 728 Archived from the original on November 14 2021 Retrieved November 17 2021 via columbia edu Leases The Real Estate Record Real Estate Record and Builders Guide Vol 110 no 27 July 8 1922 p 30 Archived from the original on November 14 2021 Retrieved November 17 2021 via columbia edu a b Zukor to Hasten Big Theatre Plan President of Famous Players Denies Broadway Project Has Been Abandoned The New York Times October 28 1923 ISSN 0362 4331 Archived from the original on November 14 2021 Retrieved November 14 2021 a b Pictures Famous 27 story Structure in Times Square Starts June 1 Variety Vol 78 no 1 February 18 1925 p 24 ISSN 0042 2738 ProQuest 1505610288 Pictures F P L Pays Off 6 000 000 Variety Vol 76 no 11 October 29 1924 pp 21 26 ISSN 0042 2738 ProQuest 1505664847 a b Movie Hall of Fame Planned at N Y The Billboard Vol 36 no 16 April 18 1925 p 6 ISSN 2638 3853 ProQuest 1031773621 a b 29 Story Playhouse for Times Square Famous Players Lasky to Erect 7 500 000 Theatre Structure From 43d to 44th St The New York Times April 10 1925 ISSN 0362 4331 Archived from the original on November 15 2021 Retrieved November 15 2021 29 story Theatre Edifice for Rialto New York Daily News April 10 1925 p 51 ISSN 2692 1251 Archived from the original on November 14 2021 Retrieved November 14 2021 via newspapers com a b Pictures 14 Stories of Paramount Bldg For F P Variety Vol 81 no 10 January 20 1926 p 27 ISSN 0042 2738 ProQuest 1475712540 The Famous Players Lasky Corporation to Proceed With Big Times Square Project The New York Times March 8 1925 ISSN 0362 4331 Archived from the original on November 15 2021 Retrieved November 15 2021 Pictures To Build on Putnam Site This Summer Variety Vol 78 no 4 March 11 1925 p 31 ISSN 0042 2738 ProQuest 1505610499 a b Times Square Picturing New Thea Bldg 10 Ft Daily as It Goes Up Variety Vol 78 no 13 May 13 1925 p 15 ISSN 0042 2738 ProQuest 1505667589 Former Orpheum Lessee Partner in Ownership of New 29 story Building The Yonkers Herald May 26 1925 p 5 Archived from the original on November 15 2021 Retrieved November 15 2021 via newspapers com Dean James W November 6 1925 New York Day by Day Star Gazette p 5 Archived from the original on November 15 2021 Retrieved November 15 2021 via newspapers com Broadway Barbecue Is Moved Indoors Famous Players Abandon Celebration on Times Square Building Site for Fear of Accidents The New York Times August 2 1925 ISSN 0362 4331 Archived from the original on November 15 2021 Retrieved November 15 2021 Broadway Makes Merry At Paramount Barbecue Screen and Stage Stars Dance at Astor Adjoining Which New Theater Will Rise The New York Herald New York Tribune August 3 1925 p 10 ProQuest 1113045696 Paramount Offers 10 000 000 in Bonds Issue Will Be Secured by a 31 story Theatre and Office Building in Times Square The New York Times January 6 1926 ISSN 0362 4331 Archived from the original on November 15 2021 Retrieved November 15 2021 Float Loan on Times Square Theater Site Kuhn Loeb Heads Syndicate Which Offers 10 000 000 Paramount Bonds on Property at B way 43d St The New York Herald New York Tribune January 6 1926 p 27 ProQuest 1112679171 New Paramount Building in Times Square Is Leased for 25 Years for 20 187 500 The New York Times January 28 1926 ISSN 0362 4331 Archived from the original on November 15 2021 Retrieved November 15 2021 Soaring Values of Midtown Sites A New Times Square Record Set by the Paramount Building Block The New York Times January 7 1926 ISSN 0362 4331 Archived from the original on November 15 2021 Retrieved November 15 2021 Broadway to See Dedication Fetes Celebrations Are Planned for Opening of New Temple and Theatre in Times Square The New York Times January 12 1926 ISSN 0362 4331 Archived from the original on November 15 2021 Retrieved November 15 2021 Times Sq Sidewalk Drops Into Excavation Nobody Hurt but Water and Gas Mains Burst The New York Times February 1 1926 ISSN 0362 4331 Archived from the original on November 15 2021 Retrieved November 15 2021 Times Square Crowds Imperiled by Cave in Water and Gas Mains Broken Bridges Over New York Excavation Collapse The Washington Post February 1 1926 p 1 ISSN 0190 8286 ProQuest 149711288 Paramount Lays Cornerstone for Broadway Home Walker Hays and Screen Notables at Ceremony for the New Structure Covering a City Block The New York Herald New York Tribune May 20 1926 p 18 ProQuest 1113036855 C W Rapp Architect Dies Designed Paramount Building Under Construction Here The New York Times June 30 1926 ISSN 0362 4331 Archived from the original on November 15 2021 Retrieved November 15 2021 Paramount Building Reaches Its Peak Band Plays as Flag Is Hoisted at 450 foot Level to Indicate High Point Is Attained The New York Times August 3 1926 ISSN 0362 4331 Archived from the original on November 15 2021 Retrieved November 15 2021 Pictures Paramount Raises Flag Variety Vol 84 no 3 August 4 1926 p 6 ISSN 0042 2738 ProQuest 1475693351 Mussolini Sends Gift to Movie Producers Famous Players lasky Receives Eagle From Caesars Palace for Paramount Building The New York Times August 8 1926 ISSN 0362 4331 Archived from the original on November 15 2021 Retrieved November 15 2021 3 550 000 Space Leased From Plans On Broadway Several Rentals Reported in Paramount Building Tenants for Structures in the Mid town Section New York Herald Tribune August 7 1926 p 22 ProQuest 1112993170 Paramount Leases Amount to 4 774 625 Several Leading Concerns Have Taken Large Units of Space From the Plans The New York Times November 21 1926 ISSN 0362 4331 Archived from the original on November 15 2021 Retrieved November 15 2021 Honor 21 Workers on Paramount Bldg Certificates and Gold Buttons Are Presented for Their Superior Craftsmanship The New York Times November 16 1926 ISSN 0362 4331 Archived from the original on November 15 2021 Retrieved November 15 2021 a b Slide Anthony February 25 2014 The New Historical Dictionary of the American Film Industry revised ed Routledge p 156 ISBN 978 1135925543 Archived from the original on November 17 2021 Retrieved April 17 2015 Hall Mordaunt November 20 1926 Brilliant Opening at New Paramount Thousands Including Leaders in Many Fields See Great Theatre s Splendor The New York Times ISSN 0362 4331 Archived from the original on November 15 2021 Retrieved November 15 2021 Pictures New Paramount Has Gala Opening Monument to Film Trade and Zukor Variety Vol 85 no 6 November 24 1926 pp 4 8 ISSN 0042 2738 ProQuest 1475852754 21 Gun Salute Opens 3 Day Broadway Fete Military Ceremonies and Addresses at Battery Park Start 300th Anniversary Celebration for Street Planes to Perform To day Air Circus to Scatter Flowers Over Pedestrians in Theatrical Region at Noon New York Herald Tribune November 18 1926 p 12 ProQuest 1112659567 Broadway Parade Viewed by Throngs Relics of Past Era Drawn on Gay Floats in Tercentenary Pageant The New York Times November 20 1926 ISSN 0362 4331 Archived from the original on November 15 2021 Retrieved November 15 2021 Broadway Sees Her Birthday Parade Go By 100 000 Floats Depicting 300 Years of Progress Traverse Thoroughfare From 72d St to 34th St Oldtime Scenes Revived 3 Bands of 11 in Line Win Gold Cups Hotel Astor Outdoor Display Is Best New York Herald Tribune November 20 1926 p 13 ProQuest 1112653375 a b c d e Paramount Net Income Large Famous Players Expects to Receive 20 000 a Week From Its New Theatre May Add 2 a Share in 1927 Wall Street Journal November 29 1926 p 1 ISSN 0099 9660 ProQuest 130309806 a b Chemical National Enters Times Sq 103 Year Old Bank Known as Old Bullion Now Has Branch in Paramount Building The New York Times May 2 1927 ISSN 0362 4331 Archived from the original on November 15 2021 Retrieved November 15 2021 Leases Made On Percentage Of Business Childs Rents Basement Space in Paramount Building for Another Restaurant Mid Town Zone New Tenants New York Herald Tribune March 18 1927 p 29 ProQuest 1132573878 Millinery To Open Women s Section Next Week In New Knox Unit Women s Wear Vol 34 no 112 May 13 1927 p 41 ProQuest 1653918433 Space in Times Square Leased for 1 000 000 Hat Concern Rents Store and Floor in New Paramount Building New York Herald Tribune February 4 1927 p 29 ProQuest 1130299608 White Collects Ten Millions in Rent Annually Realty Concern Controls 90 Commercial Buildings 625 Living Structures Grimm Re elected Head 2 500 Employees Get 50 More Bonus Than in 35 New York Herald Tribune December 20 1936 p D2 ProQuest 1222347143 McCain Mark June 26 1988 Commercial Property Tower Offices Both Views and Prestige Draw Tenants to the Top The New York Times ISSN 0362 4331 Archived from the original on November 7 2017 Retrieved November 16 2021 Pictures 35 000 to 50 000 Rent For Paramount Stores Variety Vol 86 no 1 January 19 1927 p 13 ISSN 0042 2738 ProQuest 1475735052 Opens Barber Shop In Paramount Building Women s Wear Vol 34 no 122 May 25 1927 p 43 ProQuest 1653194831 Restaurant for Paramount Building The New York Times July 29 1927 ISSN 0362 4331 Archived from the original on November 15 2021 Retrieved November 15 2021 Open Paramount Tower The New York Times November 20 1927 ISSN 0362 4331 Archived from the original on November 15 2021 Retrieved November 15 2021 Paramount Building Collects Rentals On Percentage Basis The Billboard Vol 41 no 34 August 24 1929 p 20 ISSN 2638 3853 ProQuest 1031906402 Paramount Building Alterations The New York Times October 9 1928 ISSN 0362 4331 Archived from the original on November 15 2021 Retrieved November 15 2021 a b Paramount Pictures 6s Have Staged Recovery In Recent Months Low for Year Was 83 But Now They Are Within Striking Distance of Par More Active in Trading Wall Street Journal October 26 1936 p 8 ISSN 0099 9660 ProQuest 128841687 Fusionists Move to Unite Factions Davidson and Tuttls Groups Will Be in Close Touch With Coalition Headquarters The New York Times August 30 1933 ISSN 0362 4331 Archived from the original on November 16 2021 Retrieved November 16 2021 Real Estate News and Projects Donahue amp Coe Move to Larger Midtown Space Advertising Agency to Use Floor in Paramount Bldg Couturier Rents Space New York Herald Tribune November 30 1933 p 42 ProQuest 1114766028 Insurance Co Gets Times Sq Offices the Prudential Leases Large Executive Quarters in the Paramount Building The New York Times March 19 1935 ISSN 0362 4331 Archived from the original on November 16 2021 Retrieved November 16 2021 Pictures Quick Rent Adjustments Sought By Publix Rec ver Avoid Closings Variety Vol 109 no 10 February 14 1933 p 23 ISSN 0042 2738 ProQuest 1529020774 Ask Quick Deposit of Film Securities Paramount Publix Committees Urge Action Before Court Hearing on March 17 The New York Times February 20 1933 ISSN 0362 4331 Archived from the original on November 16 2021 Retrieved November 16 2021 Pictures Par Saving H O Rent Variety Vol 110 no 13 June 6 1933 p 11 ISSN 0042 2738 ProQuest 1475949734 Holders of Paramount Building Bonds Achieve Reorganization New York Herald Tribune May 1 1934 p 25 ProQuest 1114850703 Paramount Plan Meets Approval The Brooklyn Daily Eagle May 1 1934 p 29 Archived from the original on November 16 2021 Retrieved November 16 2021 via newspapers com Pictures Par Makes a DoIlar for DoIlar Exchange with Par B way Corp For 8 875 000 in Defaulted Bonds Variety Vol 114 no 8 May 8 1934 p 6 ISSN 0042 2738 ProQuest 1475812301 Paramount Building in Tax Suit The New York Times June 7 1934 ISSN 0362 4331 Archived from the original on November 16 2021 Retrieved November 16 2021 Reorganization Sought For Paramount Building Publix Corp Trustees Ask Power to Put Plan Into Effect New York Herald Tribune August 3 1934 p 29 ProQuest 1221674050 Paramount Publix Opposed in Shift Reorganization Scored by Bondholders Who Assail Lease of Building in Times Sq The New York Times August 10 1934 ISSN 0362 4331 Archived from the original on November 16 2021 Retrieved November 16 2021 Paramount Publix Wins Court to Plan Reorganization First to Be Effected for Big Company Under Section 77b The New York Times April 5 1935 ISSN 0362 4331 Archived from the original on November 17 2021 Retrieved November 16 2021 a b Paramount Closes Its Doors as a Movie House Theater on Times Square Since 1926 Goes Dark in Real Estate Deal The New York Times August 5 1964 ISSN 0362 4331 Archived from the original on November 16 2021 Retrieved November 16 2021 Stevenson L L August 30 1935 Daily Lights of New York Binghamton Press p 20 ProQuest 2042771519 Paramount Broadway Corp Shows 254 374 Loss in 1937 Wall Street Journal March 5 1938 p 2 ISSN 0099 9660 ProQuest 130434944 a b Landmarks Preservation Commission 1988 p 9 Skyscrapers Rush Plans for Air Raid Safety Tenants Told Where to Go Floor Wardens Named Some Interiors Altered New York Herald Tribune December 12 1941 p 22A ProQuest 1266896063 Skyscrapers Ready For Air raid Alarms Preparations for Blackouts and Damage Reported The New York Times December 12 1941 ISSN 0362 4331 Archived from the original on November 17 2021 Retrieved November 16 2021 Alertness Awards Go to 37 Buildings Structures Are Singled Out for Air Raid Precautions The New York Times November 13 1943 ISSN 0362 4331 Archived from the original on November 17 2021 Retrieved November 16 2021 1 400 Offices to Aid Scrap Paper Drive New York Daily News May 18 1944 p 336 ISSN 2692 1251 ProQuest 2286514164 Office Buildings Increase Paper Salvage Weekly Collections From Homes Go Down The New York Times May 18 1944 ISSN 0362 4331 Archived from the original on November 17 2021 Retrieved November 16 2021 Paramount Profit 16 488 106 in 1944 Figures Compared With Those of 16 140 821 in 1943 Were Equal to 4 39 a Share The New York Times May 3 1945 ISSN 0362 4331 Archived from the original on November 17 2021 Retrieved November 16 2021 Pictures Par Would Sell Its Times Square Home Office Bldg Variety Vol 172 no 1 September 8 1948 pp 3 22 ISSN 0042 2738 ProQuest 1285931464 Time is of Paramount Importance New York Daily News May 25 1949 p 778 ISSN 2692 1251 ProQuest 2288696856 Paramount Board Approves Plan of Reorganization Two New Companies Would Be Formed to Separate Production Theatres Stockholders to Vote April 12 Wall Street Journal March 7 1949 p 5 ISSN 0099 9660 ProQuest 131893954 Pryor Thomas M February 26 1949 Paramount Split Will Be Tax Free New Theatre Company to Have 12 500 000 Credit for Purchase of Houses The New York Times ISSN 0362 4331 Archived from the original on November 17 2021 Retrieved November 16 2021 Paramount Gets Loan of 9 000 000 7 000 000 Mortgage Put on Times Sq Building Part of New Company s Financing The New York Times September 14 1950 ISSN 0362 4331 Archived from the original on November 17 2021 Retrieved November 16 2021 Prudential Insurance Lends 9 Million to Paramount Pictures Unit Wall Street Journal September 15 1950 p 16 ISSN 0099 9660 ProQuest 131852462 Goldenson Heads ABC UPT Merger FCC Gives Okay The Hollywood Reporter Vol 123 no 3 February 10 1953 pp 1 16 ProQuest 2322693542 Gordon Allison February 10 1953 ABC and Paramount Theaters Get F C C Approval of Merger New York Herald Tribune p 1 ProQuest 1319921120 Ambitious ABC Planning Initiated Under New Merged Ownership PDF Broadcasting Telecasting Vol 44 no 7 February 16 1953 pp 27 29 Archived PDF from the original on July 28 2017 Retrieved April 8 2015 Times Sq Losing Two Landmarks Paramount Building Child s and Walgreen s Drugstore at 44th St Closing The New York Times January 5 1957 ISSN 0362 4331 Archived from the original on November 16 2021 Retrieved November 16 2021 Pictures UPT HQ Quits Times Sq For ABC s West 66 St Variety Vol 214 no 7 April 15 1959 p 4 ISSN 0042 2738 ProQuest 964053703 a b Zeckendorf Sets Paramount Deal Webb amp Knapp Is Planning to Close Movie Theater The New York Times June 10 1964 ISSN 0362 4331 Archived from the original on November 16 2021 Retrieved November 16 2021 Webb amp Knapp Purchase The Daily Item June 10 1964 p 49 Archived from the original on November 16 2021 Retrieved November 16 2021 via newspapers com a b Webb amp Knapp Trustee Gets Court to Halt Sale Of Paramount Building He Asserts New York Structure Was Being Held by Syndicate As Collateral on Loan to Unit Wall Street Journal June 4 1965 p 6 ISSN 0099 9660 ProQuest 133027868 Sale of Paramount Postponed a Week The New York Times September 4 1964 ISSN 0362 4331 Archived from the original on November 16 2021 Retrieved November 16 2021 Pictures Paramount Pictures Stays Put at H O Regardless of Zeckendorf s Action Variety Vol 236 no 5 September 23 1964 p 5 ISSN 0042 2738 ProQuest 962816910 Safe of Paramount Building To Webb amp Knapp Delayed The New York Times September 10 1964 ISSN 0362 4331 Archived from the original on November 16 2021 Retrieved November 16 2021 Webb Knapp Gets Extension Wall Street Journal September 10 1964 p 13 ISSN 0099 9660 ProQuest 132911624 Paramount Building Sale To Webb amp Knapp Put Off The New York Times October 10 1964 ISSN 0362 4331 Archived from the original on November 16 2021 Retrieved November 16 2021 Close of Webb amp Knapp Purchase of Paramount Building Extended Again Wall Street Journal October 12 1964 p 4 ISSN 0099 9660 ProQuest 132903356 Auction Scatters Paramount s Art Treasures Get New Owners as Far Off as Texas The New York Times November 22 1964 ISSN 0362 4331 Archived from the original on November 16 2021 Retrieved November 16 2021 Webb Knapp Affiliate Buys New York City s Paramount Building Purchase Involving 10 5 Million Is Part of Real Estate Firm s Plan to Ease Financial Strains Wall Street Journal December 10 1964 p 6 ISSN 0099 9660 ProQuest 132902133 Paramount Building Goes to Zeckendorf After a Long Delay The New York Times December 10 1964 ISSN 0362 4331 Archived from the original on November 16 2021 Retrieved November 16 2021 More Music Is Due at Paramount As Impresario Leases Theater The New York Times March 1 1965 ISSN 0362 4331 Archived from the original on November 16 2021 Retrieved November 16 2021 New Role Ending for Paramount Stage screen Programs Fail to Sustain Operation The New York Times June 3 1965 ISSN 0362 4331 Archived from the original on November 16 2021 Retrieved November 16 2021 Pictures Evelyn Sharp Hotelier Will Renovate Paramount Bldg a la Zeckendorf Variety Vol 239 no 1 May 26 1965 p 22 ISSN 0042 2738 ProQuest 964066971 Robbins William May 19 1965 Renovation Set for Paramount Building Has Been Sold to a Former Hotel Owner The New York Times ISSN 0362 4331 Archived from the original on November 16 2021 Retrieved November 16 2021 Fowler Glenn May 19 1965 Zeckendorf Loses Realty Control Caplin Is Trustee Reorganization Is Ordered Under Bankruptcy Law Ex tax Chief Named Zeckendorf Loses His Realty Control The New York Times ISSN 0362 4331 Archived from the original on November 16 2021 Retrieved November 16 2021 Webb amp Knapp Trustee Files Under Chapter 10 To Reorganize 6 Units Caplin Seeks to Finish Washington Sale Block Sale of Collateral Stall Paramount Building Sale Wall Street Journal May 28 1965 p 12 ISSN 0099 9660 ProQuest 133033271 Caplin May Fight Paramount Deal Transfer of Building s Title Is Put Off Pending Study The New York Times June 2 1965 ISSN 0362 4331 Archived from the original on November 16 2021 Retrieved November 16 2021 Phalon Richard June 11 1965 Caplin Is Seeking Pact on Theater Webb amp Knapp Trustee in Bid for Paramount Accord Caplin Is Seeking Pact on Theater The New York Times ISSN 0362 4331 Archived from the original on November 16 2021 Retrieved November 16 2021 Robbins William July 8 1965 New Sale Likely for Paramount Landmark on Times Square May Soon Be on Market Paramount Building to Be Put on the Market Here Once More The New York Times ISSN 0362 4331 Archived from the original on November 16 2021 Retrieved November 16 2021 Webb Knapp Trustee Gets Plan Cleared For Sale of Building Judge Paves the Way for Public Auction of Paramount Building Or a Private Sale to Investor Wall Street Journal July 16 1965 p 24 ISSN 0099 9660 ProQuest 133006620 Paramount Auction Planned for Aug 31 The New York Times July 17 1965 ISSN 0362 4331 Archived from the original on November 16 2021 Retrieved November 16 2021 Webb amp Knapp Trustee Fails to Auction Off The Paramount Building But Caplin Moves Forward a Bit On Plan for Washington Sale St Louis Foreclosure Accord Wall Street Journal September 9 1965 p 9 ISSN 0099 9660 ProQuest 132993976 Fowler Glenn September 9 1965 Court Approves Paramount Sale Rosenthal s Bid Accepted He May Reopen Theater The New York Times ISSN 0362 4331 Archived from the original on November 16 2021 Retrieved November 16 2021 Webb Knapp Wins O K On Project Sale The Sun September 9 1965 p 40 ProQuest 539707229 ABC Paramount Through the Years PDF Billboard Vol 77 no 38 September 18 1965 p 48 Archived PDF from the original on November 17 2021 Retrieved November 15 2018 Radio Television ABC Skyscraper Gets 3d Tenant ABC Films Variety Vol 241 no 10 January 26 1966 p 33 ISSN 0042 2738 ProQuest 1014838621 a b Teitel Charles January 11 1984 Pictures Scene amp Herd 1501 Broadway Variety Vol 313 no 11 pp 8 30 34 ISSN 0042 2738 ProQuest 1438401642 Pictures B way Paramount Itself Coes For Office Quarters Variety Vol 241 no 9 January 19 1966 p 21 ISSN 0042 2738 ProQuest 1017124528 Paramount Theatre Starts Reconverting to Offices Boxoffice Vol 90 no 15 January 30 1967 pp E1 ProQuest 1476078554 Ennis Thomas W June 25 1967 Hollow Shell Hides Remnants of Glory Of Old Paramount Shell Remains of Glory of Old Paramount The New York Times ISSN 0362 4331 Archived from the original on November 16 2021 Retrieved November 16 2021 Ennis Thomas W March 21 1967 News of Realty Interests Sold Ownership of the Paramount Building Is Changed The New York Times ISSN 0362 4331 Archived from the original on November 16 2021 Retrieved November 16 2021 Pictures Joe E Levine Sells Par Bldg Variety Vol 246 no 2 March 1 1967 p 4 ISSN 0042 2738 ProQuest 1032438018 Mooney Richard E January 5 1968 New Bank Opens Here Amid Construction Fallout The New York Times ISSN 0362 4331 Archived from the original on November 16 2021 Retrieved November 16 2021 Cady Steve September 1 1971 OTB Opens Short Cut to Belmont With New Times Square Shop The New York Times ISSN 0362 4331 Archived from the original on November 16 2021 Retrieved November 16 2021 Fowler Glenn December 9 1968 News of Realty Offices Set Mark 9 Million Square Feet Built in Midtown This Year The New York Times ISSN 0362 4331 Archived from the original on November 16 2021 Retrieved November 16 2021 Fowler Glenn February 5 1968 News of Realty Midtown Rental Diagnostic Institute Obtains Paramount Building Office The New York Times ISSN 0362 4331 Archived from the original on November 16 2021 Retrieved November 16 2021 Mitgang Herbert August 8 1981 Trust Fund Keeps Live Music Alive The New York Times ISSN 0362 4331 Archived from the original on November 16 2021 Retrieved November 16 2021 Kennedy Shawn G September 26 1984 About Real Estate Times Sq Project Impact on the Area The New York Times ISSN 0362 4331 Archived from the original on November 16 2021 Retrieved November 16 2021 Landmarks Preservation Commission 1988 p 1 a b Dunlap David W November 7 1988 5th Avenue s St Regis Is Declared a Landmark The New York Times ISSN 0362 4331 Archived from the original on November 14 2021 Retrieved November 14 2021 a b Grant Peter June 28 1996 A Paramount deal New York Daily News p 516 ISSN 2692 1251 Archived from the original on November 15 2021 Retrieved November 15 2021 via newspapers com a b c Weber Bruce August 11 1996 Marquee Will Make Comeback In the Paramount s Restoration The New York Times ISSN 0362 4331 Archived from the original on November 15 2021 Retrieved November 15 2021 a b c Dunlap David W June 29 1997 The Sign Makers Turn Up the Wattage The New York Times ISSN 0362 4331 Archived from the original on September 20 2021 Retrieved November 17 2021 a b Bagli Charles V July 15 1999 Wrestlers and Accountants Now Take On Times Sq The New York Times ISSN 0362 4331 Archived from the original on November 15 2021 Retrieved November 15 2021 a b c Stern Robert A M Fishman David Tilove Jacob 2006 New York 2000 Architecture and Urbanism Between the Bicentennial and the Millennium New York Monacelli Press p 672 ISBN 978 1 58093 177 9 OCLC 70267065 OL 22741487M Holusha John October 24 1998 Commercial Property Times Square Underpinning the Revival Feats of Engineering The New York Times ISSN 0362 4331 Archived from the original on November 16 2021 Retrieved November 16 2021 Bagli Charles V December 27 1998 Novelty Gone Theme Restaurants Are Tumbling The New York Times ISSN 0362 4331 Archived from the original on November 17 2021 Retrieved November 17 2021 Schoolman Judith August 4 1999 Pushing headlocks amp stocks New York Daily News p 770 ISSN 2692 1251 Archived from the original on November 15 2021 Retrieved November 15 2021 via newspapers com Scherer Dave September 2 2000 Hungry for WWF Visit its restaurant New York Daily News p 492 ISSN 2692 1251 Archived from the original on November 16 2021 Retrieved November 15 2021 via newspapers com Dunlap David W May 21 2000 Postings Debate Over Haughwout Building in Soho the Parthenon of New York s Iron Age On Broadway an Awning Gap The New York Times ISSN 0362 4331 Archived from the original on November 17 2021 Retrieved November 17 2021 Down for the Count New York Daily News February 26 2003 p 22 ISSN 2692 1251 ProQuest 2259900135 Rothstein Mervyn January 23 2005 A Crossroads for Restaurants The New York Times ISSN 0362 4331 Archived from the original on November 15 2021 Retrieved November 17 2021 Lueck Thomas J November 19 2004 Metro Briefing New York Manhattan Hard Rock Cafe To Move The New York Times ISSN 0362 4331 Archived from the original on November 16 2021 Retrieved November 16 2021 Croghan Lore November 18 2004 High Cost of Energy Lifts Prices New York Daily News p 42 ISSN 2692 1251 ProQuest 305919011 Clarke Katherine September 10 2012 Ben amp Jerry s inks lease in Times Square The Real Deal New York Archived from the original on October 30 2020 Retrieved November 17 2021 Rubinstein Dana February 7 2011 Yankees Take Storefront in Times Square Wall Street Journal ISSN 0099 9660 Archived from the original on November 17 2021 Retrieved November 17 2021 Paramount Building slated for 50M makeover The Real Deal New York April 22 2013 Archived from the original on November 17 2021 Retrieved November 17 2021 What s the Deal Wall Street Journal April 22 2013 ISSN 0099 9660 Archived from the original on June 21 2013 Retrieved November 17 2021 Guerre Liam La May 6 2016 The Plan Paramount Building Undergoing a Modern Transformation Commercial Observer Archived from the original on November 15 2021 Retrieved November 15 2021 a b Newmark Reveals Next Phase of Upgrades for The Paramount Building at 1501 Broadway in Times Square New York YIMBY December 7 2020 Archived from the original on November 15 2021 Retrieved November 15 2021 a b Baird Remba Rebecca December 3 2020 The Historic Paramount Building in Times Square Gets a Facelift Commercial Observer Archived from the original on November 15 2021 Retrieved November 15 2021 a b LMC completes 50 million renovation of Paramount Building Fifield Piaker Elman was architect of the capital improvement project NYREJ January 22 2019 Archived from the original on November 16 2021 Retrieved November 16 2021 AY closes on 72 000 s f in leases at upgraded Paramount Real Estate Weekly December 6 2018 Archived from the original on November 17 2021 Retrieved November 17 2021 Kim Betsy November 6 2018 Paramount Building Signs Leases with Four Tenants GlobeSt Archived from the original on November 15 2021 Retrieved November 15 2021 Baird Remba Rebecca November 2 2018 Schools Musicians Union Engineers Ink Deals at Paramount Building Commercial Observer Archived from the original on November 15 2021 Retrieved November 15 2021 JP Morgan funds 200M loan on the Paramount Building Real Estate Weekly January 8 2020 Archived from the original on November 15 2021 Retrieved November 15 2021 Brown Mariah January 3 2020 Levin and Rosemark Land 200M Loan for Paramount Building GlobeSt Archived from the original on November 15 2021 Retrieved November 15 2021 Rizzi Nicholas June 23 2022 Ticketing Platform TodayTix Relocating to 10K SF in Paramount Building Commercial Observer Retrieved November 7 2022 Stern Gilmartin amp Mellins 1987 p 513 Mujica Francisco 1977 1929 History of the skyscraper New York Da Capo Press p 64 ISBN 978 0 306 70862 6 OCLC 715779257 Archived from the original on November 16 2021 Retrieved November 17 2021 Brock H i October 13 1929 Water Tanks on the Skyline Now Do Service to Beauty In Many of the New Tall Buildings the Tower for the Reservoir Has Become the Dominant Note of the Architectural Scheme The New York Times ISSN 0362 4331 Archived from the original on August 5 2020 Retrieved November 17 2021 a b Mumford Lewis December 22 1926 Magnified Impotence The New Republic Vol 49 pp 138 140 Chappell George S T Square November 27 1926 The Sky Line The New Yorker Vol 2 pp 80 82 Archived from the original on November 17 2021 Retrieved November 17 2021 Shepard Richard F February 5 1987 Times Square Trying to Keep the Panache The New York Times ISSN 0362 4331 Archived from the original on November 16 2021 Retrieved November 16 2021 Kugel Seth August 20 2006 In and Around Times Square The New York Times ISSN 0362 4331 Archived from the original on November 17 2021 Retrieved November 17 2021 Sources edit Paramount Building PDF Report New York City Landmarks Preservation Commission November 1 1988 Robins Anthony W 2017 New York Art Deco A Guide to Gotham s Jazz Age Architecture Excelsior Editions State University of New York Press ISBN 978 1 4384 6396 4 OCLC 953576510 Paramount Theater and Office Building Times Square New York American Architect Vol 130 July 5 1926 pp 17 20 hdl 2027 mdp 39015082487896 The Paramount Building Architecture and Building Vol 49 no 7 July 1927 pp 217 221 224 hdl 2027 mdp 39015086650929 nbsp This article incorporates text from this source which is in the public domain The Paramount Building and the Paramount Theater Architecture and Building Vol 49 no 1 January 1927 pp 3 4 7 hdl 2027 mdp 39015086650929 nbsp This article incorporates text from this source which is in the public domain Stern Robert A M Gilmartin Patrick Mellins Thomas 1987 New York 1930 Architecture and Urbanism Between the Two World Wars New York Rizzoli ISBN 978 0 8478 3096 1 OCLC 13860977 External links edit nbsp Wikimedia Commons has media related to 1501 Broadway Official website 1501 Broadway at NYC Architecture Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title 1501 Broadway amp oldid 1218566800, wikipedia, wiki, book, 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