Astor family

The Astor family achieved prominence in business, society, and politics in the United States and the United Kingdom during the 19th and 20th centuries. With Italian German ancestral roots in the Italian and Swiss Alps,^[1] the Astors settled in Germany, first appearing in North America in the 18th century with John Jacob Astor, one of the wealthiest people in history.

Astor family
Left to right: John Jacob Astor (1763–1848), John Jacob Astor III (1822–1890), and Vincent Astor (1891–1959)
Current region	United States United Kingdom
Place of origin	Walldorf, Electoral Palatinate Chiavenna, Duchy of Savoy
Current head	William Astor, 4th Viscount Astor
Titles	Viscount Astor Baron Astor of Hever
Heirlooms	Sancy diamond
Estate(s)	840 Fifth Avenue Beaulieu House Beechwood Cliveden Rokeby Ferncliff Hever Castle Lansdowne House Astor House Villa Astor

Founding family members

 

Portrait of John Jacob Astor

John Jacob Astor (born Johann Jakob Astor) was the youngest of four sons born to Johann Jacob Astor (1724–1816) and Maria Magdalena vom Berg (1730–1764).

The Astor family can trace their ancestry back to Giovan Asdour (1595–1668) and Gretta Ursula Asdour (1589–?). Giovan was born in Chiavenna, Italy, and died in Zürich, Switzerland. Their son, Hans Pieter Asdor, was born in Switzerland and died in Nußloch.

John Jacob and his brother George left Germany and moved to London in 1778.^[2] There, they established a flute making company.^[3] In 1783, John Jacob left for Baltimore, Maryland, leaving his brother in charge of the London business, and was active first as a dealer in woodwind instruments, then in New York as a merchant in opium, furs, pianos, and real estate. After moving to New York, John met and married Sarah Cox Todd (1762–1842). She worked alongside her husband as a consultant, and was accused of witchcraft after her success with the company in 1817. The accusations never led to legal action. They had eight children, including John Jacob Astor Jr. (1791–1869) and real estate businessman William Backhouse Astor Sr. (1792–1875).^[4]

 

Portrait of Henry Astor

John Jacob's fur trading company established a Columbia River trading post at Fort Astoria in 1811, the first United States community on the Pacific coast. He financed the overland Astor Expedition in 1810–1812 to reach the outpost, which was in the then-disputed Oregon Country. Control of Fort Astoria played a key role in English and American territorial claims on the region.

John and George's brother Henry (born Heinrich) (1754–1833) also emigrated to America. Henry was a horse racing enthusiast, and purchased a thoroughbred named Messenger, who had been brought from England to America in 1788. The horse became the founding sire of all Standardbred horses in the United States today.^{[citation needed]}

The third brother Melchior remained in Germany.

During the 19th century, the Astors became one of the wealthiest families in the United States. Toward the end of that century, some of the family moved to England and achieved high prominence there. During the 20th century, the number of American Astors began to decline, but their legacy lives on in their many public works including the New York Public Library. English descendants of the Astors hold two hereditary peerages: Viscount Astor and Baron Astor of Hever.

While many of Astor members joined the Episcopal Church,^[5][6] John Jacob Astor remained a member of a Reformed congregation to his death.^[7][8]

Family namesake places

For many years, the members of the Astor family were known as "the landlords of New York".^[9] Their New York City namesakes are the famous Waldorf-Astoria Hotel,^[10] an Astor Row, Astor Court, Astor Place, and Astor Avenue in the Bronx, where the Astors stabled horses. The neighborhood of Astoria, Queens, was renamed to incite John Jacob Astor to invest there.

Beyond New York City, the Astor family name is imprinted in a great deal of United States history and geography. Astor Street, in Chicago's landmark Gold Coast district, is named after John Jacob Astor. There are towns of Astor in the states of Florida, Georgia, Iowa, and Kansas and there are Astorias in Illinois, Missouri, and Oregon. In Astoria, Oregon, the primary elementary school is called John Jacob Astor Elementary and the city is home to the Astoria Column.

There is a neighborhood called Astor Park just south of downtown Green Bay, Wisconsin.^[11] At the heart of this neighborhood is a park (also called "Astor Park"); the Astor family donated this land for the building of a trade school.

The Astors were also prominent on Mackinac Island, Michigan, and Newport, Rhode Island, with their summer house, Beechwood.^[12] At Grand Hotel on Mackinac Island, there are the Lord and Lady Astor Suites; the hotel salon is called Astor's. There is even a Hostel in York, England called The Astor. In addition, a dormitory at St. George's School in Newport, Rhode Island, bears Astor's name.

The Danubius Hotel Astoria in the center of Pest, Budapest, Hungary, opened in 1914, was given its name by the original hotel owners and Mihály Gellér, the first General Manager of the hotel, who formerly worked for the Waldorf-Astoria Hotel in New York.^[13] In Shanghai, China there is the Astor House Hotel in the Bund.

Mount Astor in Antarctica was named after Vincent Astor by the explorer Richard Evelyn Byrd.^[14]

Astor family tree

• John Jacob Astor Sr. (1763–1848)
  • Magdalena Astor (1788–1832)
    • Charles Astor Bristed Sr. (1820–1874)
  • William Backhouse Astor Sr. (1792–1875)
    • Emily Astor (1819–1841)
      • Margaret Astor "Maddie" Ward (1838–1875)
        • John Armstrong Chaloner (1862–1935)
        • Winthrop Astor Chanler (1863–1926)
          • Theodore Chanler (1902–1961)
        • William Astor "Willie" Chanler Sr. (1867–1934)
        • Lewis Stuyvesant Chanler Sr. (1869–1942)
        • Margaret Chanler Aldrich (1870–1963)
        • Robert Winthrop Chanler (1872–1930)
    • John Jacob Astor III (1822–1890)
      • William Waldorf Astor I (1848–1919)
        • Waldorf Astor (1879–1952)
          • William Waldorf "Bill" Astor II (1907–1966)
            • William Waldorf Astor III (born 1951)
              • Flora Katherine Astor (born 1976)
              • William Waldorf "Will" Astor IV (born 1979)
              • James Jacob Astor (born 1981)
          • Nancy Phyllis Louise Astor, Countess of Ancaster (1909–1975)
            • Jane Heathcote-Drummond-Willoughby, 28th Baroness Willoughby de Eresby (born 1938)
          • Francis David Langhorne Astor (1912–2001)
          • Michael Langhorne Astor (1916–1980)
          • John Jacob "Jakie" Astor VII (1918–2000)
        • The Hon. Pauline Astor (1880–1972)
          • Rachel Pauline Spender-Clay, Lady Bowes-Lyon (1907–1996)
            • Davina Katherine Bowes-Lyon, Countess of Stair (1930–2017)
              • John Dalrymple, 14th Earl of Stair (born 1961)
            • Simon Bowes-Lyon (born 1932)
        • John Jacob Astor V (1886–1971)
          • Gavin Astor (1918–1984)
            • John Jacob "Johnny" Astor VIII (born 1946)
          • John Astor (1923–1987)
    • Mary Alida Astor (1826–1881)
      • Margaret Laura Astor Carey (1853–1911)
        • Louis Zborowski (1895–1924)
    • William Backhouse Astor Jr. (1829–1892)
      • Emily Astor (1854–1881)
        • James Laurens Van Alen (1878–1927)
          • Jimmy Van Alen (1902–1991)
          • Louise Astor Van Alen (1910–1997)
      • Helen Schermerhorn Astor (1855–1893)
        • James Roosevelt "Tadd" Roosevelt Jr. (1879–1958)
      • Carrie Astor Wilson (1861–1948)
        • Marshall Orme Wilson Jr. (1885–1966)
      • John Jacob "Jack" Astor IV (1864–1912)
        • William Vincent Astor (1891–1959)
        • Ava Alice Muriel Astor (1902–1956)
          • Prince Ivan Sergeyevich Obolensky (1925–2019)
            • Marina Ivanovna Obolensky (born 1951)
            • Ivan Ivanovich Obolensky (born 1952)
            • David Ivanovich Obolensky (born 1953)
              • Natalya Elizabeth Davidovna Obolensky (born 1984)
              • Octavia Willing Davidovna Obolensky (born 1989)
            • Sergei Ivanovich Obolensky (born 1960)
              • Alexander Vasily Sergeyevich Obolensky (born 1994)
              • Christopher Chapman Sergeyevich Obolensky (born 1999)
          • Sylvia Sergeyevna Obolensky (1931–1997)
        • John Jacob "Jakey" Astor VI (1912–1992)
          • Mary Jacqueline Astor (born 1949)
            • Nicholas Astor Drexel (born 1987)
  • Dorothea Astor 1795–1874)
    • Eliza Astor Langdon (1818–1896)
      • Matthew Astor Wilks (1844–1926)
    • Louisa Dorothea Langdon (1820–1894)
      • DeLancey Astor Kane (1844–1915)
      • S. Nicholson Kane (1846–1906)
      • John Innes Kane (1850–1913)
      • Emily Astor Kane (1854–1932)
        • Peter Augustus Jay (1877–1933)
          • Susan Mary Jay (1918–2004)
      • Sybil Kent Kane (1856–1946)
      • Woodbury Kane (1859–1905)

Members by birth order

1. John Jacob Astor Sr. (1763–1848)
2. William Backhouse Astor Sr. (1792–1875)
3. Charles Astor Bristed Sr. (1820–1874)
4. John Jacob Astor III (1822–1890)
5. William Backhouse Astor Jr. (1829–1892)
6. Matthew Astor Wilks (1844–1926)
7. DeLancey Astor Kane (1844–1915)
8. S. Nicholson Kane (1846–1906)
9. William Waldorf Astor I (1848–1919)
10. John Innes Kane (1850–1913)
11. Sybil Kent Kane (1856–1946)
12. Woodbury Kane (1859–1905)
13. Carrie Astor Wilson (1861–1948)
14. John Armstrong Chaloner (1862–1935)
15. Winthrop Astor Chanler (1863–1926)
16. John Jacob "Jack" Astor IV (1864–1912, died in the sinking of the Titanic)
17. William Astor "Willie" Chanler Sr. (1867–1934)
18. Lewis Stuyvesant Chanler Sr. (1869–1942)
19. Margaret Chanler Aldrich (1870–1963)
20. Robert Winthrop Chanler (1872–1930)
21. Peter Augustus Jay (1877–1933)
22. Waldorf Astor (1879–1952)
23. James Roosevelt "Tadd" Roosevelt Jr. (1879–1958)
24. Marshall Orme Wilson Jr. (1885–1966)
25. John Jacob Astor V (1886–1971)
26. William Vincent Astor (1891–1959)
27. Louis Zborowski (1895–1924)
28. Theodore Chanler (1902–1961)
29. Ava Alice Muriel Astor (1902–1956)
30. Jimmy Van Alen (1902–1991)
31. William Waldorf "Bill" Astor II (1907–1966)
32. Francis David Langhorne Astor (1912–2001)
33. John Jacob "Jakey" Astor VI (1912–1992)
34. Michael Langhorne Astor (1916–1980)
35. Susan Mary Jay (1918–2004)
36. John Jacob "Jakie" Astor VII (1918–2000)
37. Gavin Astor (1918–1984)
38. John Astor (1923–1987)
39. Prince Ivan Sergeyevich Obolensky (1925–2019)
40. Princess Sylvia Sergeyevna Obolensky (1931–1997)
41. Simon Bowes-Lyon (born 1932)
42. Jane Heathcote-Drummond-Willoughby, 28th Baroness Willoughby de Eresby (born 1938)
43. John Jacob "Johnny" Astor VIII (born 1946)
44. William Waldorf Astor III (born 1951)
45. John Dalrymple, 14th Earl of Stair (born 1961)

Spouses by birth order

1. Vincent Rumpff (1789–1867): husband of Eliza Astor
2. Franklin Hughes Delano (1813–1893): husband of Laura Eugenia Astor
3. Samuel Cutler "Sam" Ward (1814–1884): husband of Emily Astor
4. John Winthrop Chanler (1826–1877): husband and widower of Margaret Astor Ward
5. Caroline Webster Schermerhorn (1830–1908): widow of William Backhouse Astor Jr.
6. James John Van Alen (1848–1923): husband and widower of Emily Astor
7. Augustus Jay (1850–1919): husband of Emily Astor Kane
8. James Roosevelt "Rosey" Roosevelt Sr. (1854–1927): husband and widower of Helen Schermerhorn Astor
9. Count William Eliot Morris Zborowski (1858–1903): 2nd husband of Margaret Laura Astor Carey
10. Marshall Orme Wilson (1860–1926): husband of Caroline Schermerhorn Astor
11. John Jay Chapman (1862–1933): husband of Elizabeth Astor Winthrop Chanler
12. Richard Aldrich (1863–1937): husband of Margaret Livingston Chanler
13. Amélie Louise Rives (1863–1945): wife of John Armstrong Chaloner
14. Ava Lowle Willing (1868–1958): 1st wife of John Jacob "Jack" Astor IV
15. Harriet Sylvia Ann Howland Green(1871–1951): wife and widow of Matthew Astor Wilks
16. Natalina Cavalieri (1874–1944): 2nd wife of Robert Winthrop Chanler
17. Herbert Henry Spender-Clay (1875–1937): husband of Pauline Astor
18. Margaret Louise Post (1876–1969): wife and widow of James Laurens Van Alen
19. Robert Joseph Collier (1876–1918): husband of Sarah Steward Van Alen
20. Nancy Witcher Langhorne (1879–1964): widow of Waldorf Astor, first female British MP to sit in the house of commons.
21. Minnie W. Collins (1880–1946): widow of William Astor "Willie" Chanler
22. Julia Lynch Olin (1882–1961): 2nd wife and widow of Lewis Stuyvesant Chanler
23. Theodore Douglas Robinson (1883–1934): husband of Helen Rebecca Roosevelt
24. Lawrence Grant White (1887–1956): husband of Laura Astor Chanler
25. Violet Mary Elliot-Murray-Kynynmound (1889–1965): wife of John Jacob Astor V
26. Prince Sergei Platonovich Obolensky Neledinsky-Meletzky (1890–1978), 1st husband of Ava Alice Muriel Astor
27. Helen Dinsmore Huntington (1893–1976): 1st wife and widow of William Vincent Astor
28. Madeleine Talmage Force (1893–1940): 2nd wife and widow of John Jacob "Jack" Astor IV
29. Louis Bancel LaFarge (1900–1989): husband and widower of Hester Alida Emmet
30. Roberta Brooke Russell (1902–2007): 3rd wife and widow of William Vincent Astor
31. The Hon. Sir David Bowes Lyon (1902–1961): husband of Rachel Pauline Spender-Clay
32. Mary Benedict "Minnie" Cushing (1906–1978): 2nd wife of William Vincent Astor
33. John Aylmer Dalrymple, 13th Earl of Stair (1906-1996): husband of Davina Katherine Bowes-Lyon
34. Gilbert James Heathcote-Drummond-Willoughby, 3rd Earl of Ancaster (1907–1983): husband and widower of Nancy Phyllis Louise Astor
35. Joseph Wright Alsop V (1910–1989): 2nd husband of Susan Mary Jay
36. Irene Violet Freesia Janet Augusta Haig (1919–2001): widow of Gavin Astor
37. Hon. Sarah Kathleen Elinor Norton (1920–2013): 1st wife of William Waldorf "Bill" Astor II
38. Janet Bronwen Alun Pugh (1930–2017): 3rd wife and widow of William Waldorf "Bill" Astor II
39. Roderick McEwen (1932–1982): husband of Romana von Hofmannsthal
40. Annabel Lucy Veronica Jones (born 1948): wife of William Waldorf Astor III, mother-in-law of British PM David Cameron
41. Elizabeth Constance "Liz" Mackintosh (born 1950): 2nd wife of John Jacob "Johnny" Astor VIII
42. Jools Miles Holland (born 1958): 2nd husband of Christabel Mary McEwen
43. Charles Henry Gordon-Lennox, 11th Duke of Richmond (born 1955): husband of Janet Elizabeth Astor
44. Edward Richard Lambton, 7th Earl of Durham (born 1961): 1st husband of Christabel Mary McEwen
45. Laura Rose Parker Bowles (born 1978): wife of Harry Marcus George Lopes

Lines of succession to the family titles

Both in the Peerage of the United Kingdom, the titles   Viscount Astor, of Hever Castle in the County of Kent (1917), with subsidiary title   Baron Astor, of Hever Castle in the County of Kent (1916), and   Baron Astor of Hever, of Hever Castle in the County of Kent (1956), were granted with the standard remainder to the legitimate male heirs of the bodies of the original grantees.

Both of the current titleholders continue to sit in the House of Lords following the expulsion of the majority of the hereditary peers by the House of Lords Act 1999.

 

Viscount Astor's Official Parliamentary Portrait

 

Lord Astor of Hever's Official Parliamentary Portrait

 

Coat of arms of Astor of Hever family

•   The Right Hon. William Waldorf Astor, 1st Viscount Astor (1848–1919)
  •   The Right Hon. Waldorf Astor, 2nd Viscount Astor, DL (1879–1952)
    •   The Right Hon. William Waldorf Astor, 3rd Viscount Astor (1907–1966)
      •   The Right Hon. William Waldorf Astor, 4th Viscount Astor (born 1951)
        • (1) The Hon. William Waldorf Astor (b. 1979)
          • (2) William Waldorf Astor (b. 2012)
          • (3) Conrad Charles Astor (b. 2016)
        • (4) The Hon. James Jacob Astor (b. 1981)
    • The Hon. Francis David Langhorne Astor, CH (1912–2001)
      • (5) Richard David Langhorne Astor (b. 1955)
      • (6) Thomas Robert Langhorne Astor (b. 1962)
    • The Hon. Michael Langhorne Astor (1916–1980)
      • (7) David Waldorf Astor (b. 1943)
        • (8) Henry Waldorf Astor (b. 1969)
          • (9) George Astor (b. 1998)
          • (10) Jakie Astor (b. 2003)
          • (11) Charles Edgar Spence Astor (b. 2007)
          • (12) Michael Allstar Astor (b. 2009)
        • (13) Thomas Ludovic David Astor (b. 1972)
          • (14) Frederick Michael Astor (b. 2003)
          • (15) Vincent David Astor (b. 2009)
      • (16) James Colonsay Langhorne Astor (b. 1945)
        • (17) Tobias Michael de Chazal Astor (b. 1980)
          • (18) Griffith Charles William Astor (b. 2016)
    • Major The Hon. Sir John Jacob Astor, MBE, ERD (1918–2000)
      • (19) Michael Ramon Langhorne Astor (b. 1946)
        • (20) James Edward Astor (b. 1976)
  •   The Right Hon. Lt-Col John Jacob Astor, 1st Baron Astor of Hever, DL (1886–1971)
    •   The Right Hon. Gavin Astor, 2nd Baron Astor of Hever (1918–1984)
      • (21)   The Right Hon. John Jacob Astor, 3rd Baron Astor of Hever, PC, DL (b. 1946)
        • (1, 22) The Hon. Charles Gavin John Astor (b. 1990)
      • (2, 23) The Hon. Philip Douglas Paul Astor (b. 1959)
    • Lt-Col The Hon. Hugh Waldorf Astor (1920–1999)
      • (3, 24) Robert Hugh Astor (b. 1958)
        • (4, 25) Nicholas Louis Robert Astor (b. 1996)
        • (5, 26) Jonathan Hugh Astor (b. 1997)
      • (6, 27) James Alexander Waldorf Astor (b. 1965)
        • (7, 28) Alexander Richard Astor (b. 2000)
    • The Hon. John Astor (1923–1987)
      • John Richard Astor (1953–2016)
        • (8, 29) Charles John Astor (b. 1982)
      • (9, 30) George David Astor (b. 1958)
        • (10, 31) Thomas David Astor (b. 1987)

Network

Associates

• James J. Van Alen
• George Boldt
• Richard E. Byrd
• William Francis Casey
• Geoffrey Dawson
• Albert Gallatin^[15]
• William Haley
• Lord Frederick Spencer Hamilton
• W. Averell Harriman^[16]
• Wilson Price Hunt
• Washington Irving
• Joseph LaBarge
• Alexander MacKay
• Ward McAllister
• Duncan McDougall
• Donald McKenzie
• Charles A. Platt
• Robert Stuart

Businesses

• American Fur Company
• Astor Court Apartment
• Bull's Head Tavern
• Gallatin National Bank ^[17]
• Hotel New Netherland
• John Jacob Astor & Company
• Mohawk & Hudson Railroad
• Newsweek
• The Observer
• OKA Direct
• Pall Mall Gazette
• Park Hotel
• Silvergate Media^[18]
• South West Company
• St. Regis Hotel
• The Times of London
• Waldorf-Astoria (1893–1929)
• Waldorf Hotel

Philanthropy and non-profit organizations

• Astor Court
• Astor Home for Children
• Astor Library
• Astor, Florida
• Brooke Astor Fund for New York City Education
• Cliveden Set
• Ferncliff Forest
• Florida Yacht Club
• Koestler Trust
• New York Cancer Hospital
• Rothermere American Institute
• St. Margaret's Home
• Saint Nicholas Society of the City of New York
• Vincent Astor Foundation

Estates and historic sites

• 130 East 80th Street House
• The Apthorp
• Astor Fur Warehouse
• Astor Row
• Beaulieu House
• Beechwood
• Cliveden
• Ferncliff Farm
• Ferry Reach ^[19]
• Ginge Manor
• Graham Court
• Hatley Park ^[20]
• Hellgate^[21]
• Hever Castle
• Knickerbocker Building
• Manor House (Sutton Courtenay)
• Mrs. William B. Astor House
• Nuits (Irvington, New York)
• Rokeby (Barrytown, New York)
• Steen Valetje ^[22]
• Two Temple Place

References

1. Madsen, Axel (March 14, 2002). John Jacob Astor: America's First Multimillionaire. New York: John Wiley & Sons (published 2002). pp. 7–8. ISBN 9780471009351. Retrieved November 16, 2016. The Astors [...] were Italian Protestants from the Alpine village of Chiavenna high above the northern end of Lake Como. [...] The first documented ancestor is Jean-Jacques d'Astorg. [...] He and his family are assumed to have been followers of the persecuted Waldensian Puritan faith [...]. Like most subjects of the duke of Savoy, d'Astorg spoke French and Italian, and answered both to Jean-Jacques and Giovan Petro Astore. [...] [I]n 1685 [...] the Sun King revoked the Edict of Nantes [...]. The massacre of Protestants in Valtellina high up in the Adda Valley sent d'Astorg-Astore, his wife, and their two children fleeing north across Switzerland to Heidelberg.
2. "Square Piano". www.metmuseum.org. Retrieved 2022-04-20.
3. "George Astor". Horniman Museum and Gardens. Retrieved April 20, 2022.
4. Wilson, J. G.; Fiske, J., eds. (1900). "Astor, John Jacob" . Appletons' Cyclopædia of American Biography. New York: D. Appleton.
5. B. Drummond Ayres Jr. (December 19, 2011). "The Episcopalians: An American Elite with Roots Going Back to Jamestown". The New York Times. from the original on July 14, 2014. Retrieved 2012-08-17.
6. W. Williams, Peter (2016). Religion, Art, and Money: Episcopalians and American Culture from the Civil War to the Great Depression. University of North Carolina Press. p. 176. ISBN 9781469626987. The names of fashionable families who were already Episcopalian, like the Morgans, or those, like the Fricks, who now became so, goes on interminably: Aldrich, Astor, Biddle, Booth, Brown, Du Pont, Firestone, Ford, Gardner, Mellon, Morgan, Procter, the Vanderbilt, Whitney. Episcopalians branches of the Baptist Rockefellers and Jewish Guggenheims even appeared on these family trees.
7. Reformed Congregation James Parton, Life of John Jacob Astor: To which is appended a Copy of his last will (The American News Comp., 1865), pg. 81
8. Emmerich, Alexander (2013). John Jacob Astor and the First Great American Fortune. McFarland. p. 43. ISBN 9780786472130.
9. Rines, George Edwin, ed. (1920). "Astor Family" . Encyclopedia Americana.
10. Archives, The National. "Africa through a lens". The National Archives. Retrieved September 20, 2021.
11. "Astor Neighborhood Association – Astor Neighborhood Association – Green Bay, Wisconsin". www.astorneighborhood.org. from the original on 2016-10-03. Retrieved 2016-09-16.
12. Dangremond, Sam (2021-09-02). "Is New Money Changing High Society's Favorite Summer Destination Forever?". Town & Country. Retrieved September 20, 2021.
13. "The history of Danubius Hotel Astoria | Danubius City Center Hotels in Budapest, Hungary & London". Danubius Hotels. Retrieved September 20, 2021.
14. . Geographic Names Information System. United States Geological Survey, United States Department of the Interior. Retrieved 2010-07-26.
15. White, Edward, ed. (1900). "The Gallatin National Bank". The Banking Law Journal. 17: 160–162]. Retrieved 2023-02-18.
16. Lundberg, Ferdinand (15 March 2007) [1937]. "VII. Press of the Plutocracy". America's 60 Families. Vanguard Press. ISBN 978-1406751468. LCCN 37030388. OCLC 256489013. OL 6360759M. Retrieved 8 July 2022 – via Internet Archive. p. 259: After losing a good deal of money with this early partisan of the New Deal, which subsequently reversed policy, Harriman and Astor bought a large interest early in 1937 in "News-Week". There they joined a group of other important stockholders, which included Ward Cheney, of the Cheney silk family, John Hay Whitney, and Paul Mellon, son of Andrew W. Mellon.
17. White 1900, pp. 160–162.
18. Foster, Elizabeth (2019-12-10). "Sony Pictures Television Acquires Silvergate Media". Kidscreen. Retrieved 2023-02-18.
19. "Railway on Astor Estate In Bermuda Is Extended". The New York Times. 1938-12-06. p. 13. Retrieved 2023-02-24.
20. "Daphne Warburg Plans Nuptials". The New York Times. 1978-12-17. p. 108. Retrieved 2023-02-24.
21. Miller, Tom (27 July 2015). "Daytonian in Manhattan: The Lost Astor Estate "Hellgate" 87th and East End Ave". Daytonian in Manhattan. Retrieved 30 April 2018.
22. Smith, Virginia K. (2022-06-14). "Renovated New York Estate With River Views and Astor Family Ties Lists for $25 Million". Mansion Global. Retrieved 2023-02-25.

External links

 

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Astor family.

• The Astor Family Papers 1719-1943 at the New York Historical Society
• Cracroft's Peerage page 2020-11-08 at the Wayback Machine
• The Astor Family Business