The chief minister of Phạm Dật, Phạm Văn (Fan Wen) became king. Phạm Văn was a Chinese man who was being sold as a slave to Champa when he was a child.[6]
Liu Song dynasty invaded Lâm Ấp, besieged the Cham capital of Kandarapura, sacked the city, killed the Cham king, and looted 100,000 pounds of gold.[13]
Sino–Cham war: Chinese general Liu Fang invaded Lâm Ấp and overcame Sambhuvarman's army; Cham capital Simhapura was sacked; Lâm Ấp was briefly occupied into three Chinese counties; Liu Fang died of disease during withdraw.[16]
Indravarman II became the king of kings and relocated the capital to Indrapura. Mahayana Buddhism was evaluated as the state religion; Indravarman built the great Buddhist complex of Lakshmindralokesvara in Đồng Dương.[24]
Paramesvaravarman I and Ngô Nhật Khánh led a fleet to attack Dai Viet after its king Dinh Bo Linh was assassinated. The invasion however was stopped by a typhoon; Ngô Nhật Khánh was drowned and abandoned.[27]
Cham–Vietnamese War (982): Le Hoan launched a naval invasion that killed Paramesvaravarman and destroyed much of the capital Indrapura then withdrew.[29]
Indravarman IV died. Lưu Kế Tông proclaimed as king of Champa and sent a mission to China to seek international recognition. Thousands of Cham and Muslims fled the country.
Lý Thái Tông led a sea attack on the Cham city of Kandarapura. Simhavarman II resisted the invaders but was slain. The Vietnamese then plundered the Cham capital Vijaya and took away the royal family and national treasures.[32]
The new Cham king Jaya Paramesvaravarman I sent his nephew Mahäsenäpati to suppress a revolt in Pänduranga. To satisfy the southern populace, Paramesvaravarman restored the Po Nagar temple and provided them slaves from Cambodia, China, Burma, and Siam.[32]
Rudravarman III sent a mission led by Abu Mahmud to the Song court; Rudravarman III attacked Dai Viet; Lý Thánh Tông responded by launching a new seaborne campaign on Champa.
Khmer–Cham wars: The Khmers attacked Champa, but was repelled. Harivarman IV restored numerous temples while organizing raids penetrating Cambodia as far as Sambor and the Mekong.[35] Nine-year-old Prince Vak was crowned as Jaya Indravarman II.
A Vietnamese encouraged Indravarman II to retake three northern provinces. The campaign went successful at first, however, Indravarman II was able to hold them in several months.[36]
Khmer–Cham wars: Prince Sivänandana, son of Rudravarman IV, returned to Champa and proclaimed king of Champa. He took the reign name Jaya Harivarman I.[37]
Jaya Harivarman I's brother-in-law Vamsaräja rebelled against him. Vamsaräja mobilized 5,000 Vietnamese troops and attacked Harivarman in Quang Nam, but were defeated.[38]
Khmer–Cham wars: Cham revolted against Khmer rule. The northern king Jaya Indravarman oṅ Vatuv hailed from Quang Binh and drove the Khmer out of Vijaya.
Second Mongol invasion of Dai Viet: The Mongols advanced to the north to campaign against the Vietnamese; Champa launched counteroffensives.
24 June
Battle of Chương Dương: Cham–Vietnamese forces defeated the Yuan at Chương Dương port; Sogetu was killed in battle and decapitated; destruction of the Yuan army.[41]
6 October
Indravarman V sent an ambassador to Kublai and then died afterward.[42]
Simhavarman III married with Vietnamese queen Paramesvari, king Trần Anh Tông's younger sister as he ceded two provinces O and Ly to Dai Viet. He built Po Klaung Gara temple in Phan Rang and Yang Prong temple in Dak Lak.[43]
Simhavarman IV set out to recapture the two provinces but failed. Trần Anh Tông sent army and took Simhavarman IV as a prisoner to Tonkin where he died in next year. His brother Chế Năng became Dai Viet vassal king.
Cham–Vietnamese War (1367–1390): Po Binasuor and the Cham army were surrounded and defeated on Hải Triều River; ended the Cham–Vietnamese war.
Po Binasuor's general La Khai withdrew the Cham remnant to Vijaya and abandoned most of Po Binasuor's reconquered territories; La Khai became king Simhavarman VI of Champa.
Cham–Vietnamese War (1471): Vijaya fell; king Maha Sajan, Cham royal family,a fendedan and 30,000 people were taken as prisoners and deported to the north.[46]
1 March
A Cham general named Jayavarman Mafoungnan fled to Phan Rang; Cham refugees escaped to Cambodia, Malaysia and Indonesia en masse.
7 March
Jayavarman Mafoungnan submitted to Thánh Tông; ending the independent Kingdom of Champa.
Nguyễn Phúc Chu decided to abolish the Bình Thuận district, granting Cham ruler autonomy and set up the so-called Principality of Thuận Thành while encouraging Viet settler colonialism.[57]
Katip Sumat uprising: Cham religious teacher Sumat declared a jihad against Minh Mang. Minh Mang was complete mesmerized and ordered a reign of terror over the Cham and indigenous highlanders in Panduranga.
Po, Dharma (2013). Le Panduranga (Campa). Ses rapports avec le Vietnam (1802-1835). International Office of Champa.
Vickery, Michael (2009), "A short history of Champa", in Hardy, Andrew David; Cucarzi, Mauro; Zolese, Patrizia (eds.), Champa and the Archaeology of Mỹ Sơn (Vietnam), Hawaii: University of Hawaii Press, pp. 45–61, ISBN978-9-9716-9451-7
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December 18, 2023
timeline, champa, this, timeline, history, kingdom, champa, people, cham, austronesian, speaking, ethnic, group, southeast, asia, contents, neolithic, chinese, rule, from, 15th, centuries, century, century, century, century, century, century, century, 10th, ce. This is a timeline of the history of the Kingdom of Champa and its people the Cham an Austronesian speaking ethnic group in Southeast Asia Contents 1 Neolithic 2 Chinese rule 3 From 3rd to 15th centuries 3 1 3rd century 3 2 4th century 3 3 5th century 3 4 6th century 3 5 7th century 3 6 8th century 3 7 9th century 3 8 10th century 3 9 11th century 3 10 12th century 3 11 13th century 3 12 14th century 3 13 15th century 4 Panduranga Trấn Thuận Thanh 4 1 16th century 4 2 17th century 4 3 18th century 4 4 19th century 5 References 6 BibliographyNeolithic editYear Date Event1000 BC Austronesian Chamic people migrated to Hue Central Vietnam coast and forged a metal age culture in Sa Huỳnh 1 Chinese rule editYear Date Event111 BC Han conquest of NanyueAD 100 People of Xianglin county revolted against the Chinese Han dynasty and destroyed Han administration buildings 2 136 Xianglin inhabitants revolted against the Han dynasty 2 144 Xianglin revolt spread to the Red River Delta and was suppressed 2 192 Cham leader Khu Lien led a successful revolt against the Chinese Han dynasty Khu Lien found the kingdom of Lam Ấp allegedly the first Cham state 3 From 3rd to 15th centuries edit3rd century edit Year Date Event220 Phạm Hung became King of Lam Ấp 248 Lam Ấp attacked Jiaozhou and provoked a rebellion in Jiuzhen 4 270 Phạm Hung raided Jiaozhou with aid from king of Funan Fan Hsun 5 284 Phạm Dật became king of Lam Ấp and sent the first mission to Imperial China 5 286 Kingdom of Quduqian sent an envoy to the Jin dynasty4th century edit Year Date Event336 The chief minister of Phạm Dật Phạm Văn Fan Wen became king Phạm Văn was a Chinese man who was being sold as a slave to Champa when he was a child 6 340 Phạm Văn pacified barbarian tribes and sent a mission to Imperial China 7 347 Phạm Văn seized part of Rinan south of the Hoanh Sơn mountain 7 349 Phạm Phật Fan Fo succeeds his father Phạm Văn who died in early that year 8 351 359 Phạm Phật launched several incursions on the Chinese province of Jiaozhou 9 372 Phạm Phật sent mission to China 9 380 Phạm Phật was succeeded by his son Phạm Hồ Đạt Fan Huda who was supposedly Bhadravarman I 9 399 Fan Huda launched an invasion of Rinan but was driven back by the Chinese governor Du Yian 10 5th century edit Year Date Event405 Cham raided Rinan 11 413 Fan Huda launched another invasion on Rinan but was defeated and beheaded by Du Xuedu 11 413 Gangaraja pilgrimed to the Ganges River India 11 420 The new king of Lam Ấp Phạm Dương Mại I attacked the Jin dynasty but suffered a defeat Half of Lam Ấp s population was massacred 12 431 Phạm Dương Mại II attacked Jiaozhou but was driven back 432 Phạm Dương Mại II requested the Liu Song court for the chairman of the Prefect of Jiao 10 446 May Liu Song dynasty invaded Lam Ấp besieged the Cham capital of Kandarapura sacked the city killed the Cham king and looted 100 000 pounds of gold 13 456 Son of Phạm Dương Mại II Fan Chen ch eng sent embassy to China 14 late 5th century Lam Ấp s economy flourished 13 480 The throne of Lam Ap was usurped by a man named Fan Danggenchun Jiu Chouluo with help of rebels Fan Danggenchun received support from the Chinese 484 King of Funan Jayavarman Kaundinya requested the Chinese Qi empire to launch a punitive expedition against Linyi 6th century edit Year Date Event529 Bicuibamo died A descendant of Gangaraja named Rudravarman became king 15 530 Rudravarman sent mission to the Liang dynasty 15 541 Rudravarman attacked the Jiǔde Cửu Đức province today Ha Tĩnh 15 544 Pham Tu a general of Ly Bon defeated Rudravarman 572 Rudravarman died Sambhuvarman became king of Lam Ấp 15 595 Sambhuvarman sent an embassy to the emperor of new unified Sui China 15 7th century edit Year Date Event600 Sambhuvarman constructed the Bhadresvara temple of Mỹ Sơn and a new sanctuary called Sambhubhadresvara 605 Sino Cham war Chinese general Liu Fang invaded Lam Ấp and overcame Sambhuvarman s army Cham capital Simhapura was sacked Lam Ấp was briefly occupied into three Chinese counties Liu Fang died of disease during withdraw 16 623 Sambhuvarman reasserted Cham independence and sent a mission to the new Tang Empire 629 Sambhuvarman died and was succeeded by his son Kandarpadharma Since then Chams have used Champa to refer to their state 17 631 Kandarpadharma sent missions to the Tang 640 Prabhasadharma became king of Champa and sent mission to the Tang 18 645 Prabhasadharma was assassinated by his minister 18 646 Prince Bhadresvaravarman fled to Cambodia while the throne was occupied by a minister 18 650 A sister of Prabhasadharma princess Daughter of Kandarpadharma became ruler of Champa 18 653 Prakasadharma a son of a Cham prince named Jagaddharma grandson of Kandarpadharma and Khmer princess Sarvani daughter of Isanavarman I of Chenla ascended the throne of Champa as Vikrantavarman I 18 658 669 Cham territories expanded to the south 667 Cham envoy to Cambodia 686 Vikrantavarman II became king of Champa 19 8th century edit Year Date Event722 Champa and Chenla assisted Mai Thuc Loan s rebellion against the Tang Empire 20 740 The Simhapura dynasty interrupted and vanished with no available explanation 749 The last Lam Ấp envoy to the Tang Empire 21 757 Prithindravarman became king of Champa 770 Satyavarman became king of Champa 774 Javanese raiders pillaged and destroyed the Po Nagar temple in Nha Trang 784 Satyavarman restored and rebuilt the temple 787 Satyavarman s younger brother Indravarman became king of Champa Javanese raiders destroyed Bhadradhipatisvara Temple in Phan Rang 793 Indravarman sent a mission to China 799 Indravarman driven off the Javanese and restored the temple of Bhadradhipatisvara 21 9th century edit Year Date Event802 Harivarman I became king of Champa 22 803 Harivarman I attacked the Chinese protectorate of Annan 804 The Senapati Par launched incursion on Khmer Empire 818 Vikrantavarman III succeeded Harivarman I 23 875 Indravarman II became the king of kings and relocated the capital to Indrapura Mahayana Buddhism was evaluated as the state religion Indravarman built the great Buddhist complex of Lakshmindralokesvara in Đồng Dương 24 889 Khmer ruler Yasovarman I led an invasion of Champa but was repelled by Indravarman II 25 890 Indravarman II died and was succeeded by his nephew Jaya Simhavarman I 26 10th century edit Year Date Event904 Saktivarman son of Simhavarman became king of Champa 905 Prince Bhadravarman II became king of Champa 27 918 Bhadravarman s son Indravarman III became king of Champa 950 Khmer Cham wars Indravarman III defeated a Khmer invasion of Nha Trang 958 Indravarman III s envoy Abu l Hassan brought petrol bombs from Champa to the Chinese Later Zhou court as tribute 960 Jaya Indravarman I became king of Champa 27 965 Jaya Indravarman I restored the temple of Po Nagar which previously plundered by the Khmer 967 Ngo Nhật Khanh a Vietnamese prince and grandson of Ngo Quyền fled to Champa 28 971 An Arab named Ali Nur became the deputy king of Champa 972 Paramesvaravarman I became king of Champa and kept a close relationship with the Song dynasty979 Paramesvaravarman I and Ngo Nhật Khanh led a fleet to attack Dai Viet after its king Dinh Bo Linh was assassinated The invasion however was stopped by a typhoon Ngo Nhật Khanh was drowned and abandoned 27 980 The new Viet ruler Le Hoan sent embassy to Champa to establish relationship However Paramesvaravarman arrested the envoys 982 Cham Vietnamese War 982 Le Hoan launched a naval invasion that killed Paramesvaravarman and destroyed much of the capital Indrapura then withdrew 29 983 A Viet official in the Cham government name Lưu Kế Tong seized the power in Indrapura and successfully resisted Le Hoan s attempt to remove him 986 Indravarman IV died Lưu Kế Tong proclaimed as king of Champa and sent a mission to China to seek international recognition Thousands of Cham and Muslims fled the country 988 The Cham populace protested against Lưu Kế Tong by enthroning a Cham native in Vijaya 989 Lưu Kế Tong died and the Cham leader in Vijaya was known as Harivarman II the seventh dynasty of Champa began 999 Harivarman II s reign ended 30 11th century edit Year Date Event1007 Harivarman III became king of Champa1008 Civil war broke out in Champa Harivarman III defeated the rebels 1018 An unknown king ruling the kingdom1020 Cham army clashed with Vietnamese prince Ly Phật Ma in modern day northern Quảng Binh Province 31 1030 Vikrantavarman IV allegedly became king of Champa1041 Vikrantavarman IV s son Simhavarman II was enthroned 1042 Simhavarman II sent a mission to China to request investiture 1043 Simhavarman II raided the coast of Dai Viet 31 1044 Ly Thai Tong led a sea attack on the Cham city of Kandarapura Simhavarman II resisted the invaders but was slain The Vietnamese then plundered the Cham capital Vijaya and took away the royal family and national treasures 32 1050 The new Cham king Jaya Paramesvaravarman I sent his nephew Mahasenapati to suppress a revolt in Panduranga To satisfy the southern populace Paramesvaravarman restored the Po Nagar temple and provided them slaves from Cambodia China Burma and Siam 32 1060 Bhadravarman III became king of Champa 1061 Rudravarman III became king of Champa 1062 Rudravarman III sent a mission to the Song court 1068 Rudravarman III sent a mission led by Abu Mahmud to the Song court Rudravarman III attacked Dai Viet Ly Thanh Tong responded by launching a new seaborne campaign on Champa 1069 Spring Vietnamese raiders led by Ly Thanh Tong besieged Vijaya and ransacked the city Chế Củ supposedly Rudravarman fled to Cambodia 32 April Chế Củ was taken as a prisoner in Cambodian territory After exchanging for three northern provinces to the Viets the Cham king was spared 33 1069 1074 Civil war exploding in Champa Rudravarman III was deposed by rebels more than ten warlords proclaimed themselves king of Champa 1074 Prince Thang destroyed all opposite factions becoming king Harivarman IV and found the Harivarmanid dynasty 1075 Harivarman IV repulsed a Vietnamese raid 34 1077 Harivarman IV made peace with Dai Viet 1080 Khmer Cham wars The Khmers attacked Champa but was repelled Harivarman IV restored numerous temples while organizing raids penetrating Cambodia as far as Sambor and the Mekong 35 Nine year old Prince Vak was crowned as Jaya Indravarman II 1081 Jaya Indravarman II s uncle Pang became Paramabhodhisatva 1086 Paramabhodhisatva was overthrown by Jaya Indravarman II 34 12th century edit Year Date Event1103 A Vietnamese encouraged Indravarman II to retake three northern provinces The campaign went successful at first however Indravarman II was able to hold them in several months 36 1114 Harivarman V became king of Champa 1132 Khmer Vietnamese war 1123 1150 Khmer Empire and Champa launched naval attack on Dai Viet briefly seized Nghe An pillaged the coastal of Thanh Hoa 35 1139 Khmer Cham wars An adopted son of Harivarman V became king Jaya Indravarman III He refused to cooperate with the Khmers 35 1145 Khmer Cham wars Suryavarman II invaded and annexed Champa Rudravarman IV from Panduranga became the puppet monarch of the Khmers but then fled 37 1147 Khmer Cham wars Prince Sivanandana son of Rudravarman IV returned to Champa and proclaimed king of Champa He took the reign name Jaya Harivarman I 37 1148 Khmer Cham wars Jaya Harivarman I inflicted a defeat on Khmer force 38 1149 Khmer Cham wars Jaya Harivarman I and the Chams retook the capital Vijaya from the Khmer 1150 Jaya Harivarman I s brother in law Vamsaraja rebelled against him Vamsaraja mobilized 5 000 Vietnamese troops and attacked Harivarman in Quang Nam but were defeated 38 1151 Jaya Harivarman I recaptured Amaravati 1160 Jaya Harivarman I recaptured Panduranga from rebels 1166 Jaya Harivarman II became king of Champa 1167 Jaya Indravarman IV became king of Champa and sent a mission to Southern Sung court 38 1170 Jaya Indravarman IV made peace with Dai Viet1177 Khmer Cham wars Jaya Indravarman IV led a surprising invasion of Angkor through the Mekong Cham forces defeated the Khmer forces at Battle of Tonle Sap and killed Khmer ruler Tribhuvanaditya Angkor was sacked 39 1181 Khmer Cham wars Jayavarman VII of Cambodia liberated the country and ousted the Cham invaders 40 1190 Khmer Cham wars Jayavarman VII invaded Champa and made it a vassal with Vidyanandana as client king 1191 Khmer Cham wars Cham revolted against Khmer rule The northern king Jaya Indravarman oṅ Vatuv hailed from Quang Binh and drove the Khmer out of Vijaya 1193 Khmer Cham wars Vidyanandana defeated Jaya Indravarman oṅ Vatuv then declared himself Suryavarman of independent Champa 1193 1195 1198 1199 1201 1203 Khmer Cham wars Jayavarman VII invaded Champa but met fierce resistance from Suryavarman 13th century edit Year Date Event1203 Khmer Cham wars Jayavarman VII finally defeated the Chams sent Vidyanandana to exile and turned Champa into a Khmer province 1220 Khmer rule of Champa ended voluntarily Jaya Paramesvaravarman II became king of independent Champa 1252 The new king of Dai Viet Tran Thai Tong attacked Champa and took Queen Bo da la and Cham concubines as prisoners 1254 Jaya Indravarman VI became king of Champa 1257 Indravarman VI was assassinated by his nephew Indravarman V who would become king of Champa 1278 Indravarman V was asked to be present in the court of Kublai s Yuan Empire but he refused 1282 December Kublai sent Sogetu leading the invasion of Champa 1283 February Mongol invasion of Champa Yuan fleet anchored the coast of Champa 13 February Battle of Thị Nại Bay Yuan army defeated Cham army 17 February Mongol invasion of Champa Yuan forces captured Vijaya Indravarman V and Prince Harijit withdrew to highlands the Chams waged guerrilla resistance against the Yuan occupation 16 March Mongol invasion of Champa Cham forces ambushed and inflicted heavy casualties on the Yuan 1284 March Mongol invasion of Champa Yuan reinforcements led by Ataqai and Ariq Qaya arrived Champa to assist Sogetu 1285 February Second Mongol invasion of Dai Viet The Mongols advanced to the north to campaign against the Vietnamese Champa launched counteroffensives 24 June Battle of Chương Dương Cham Vietnamese forces defeated the Yuan at Chương Dương port Sogetu was killed in battle and decapitated destruction of the Yuan army 41 6 October Indravarman V sent an ambassador to Kublai and then died afterward 42 1288 Prince Harijit became king Jaya Simhavarman III of Champa 14th century edit Year Date Event1306 Simhavarman III married with Vietnamese queen Paramesvari king Trần Anh Tong s younger sister as he ceded two provinces O and Ly to Dai Viet He built Po Klaung Gara temple in Phan Rang and Yang Prong temple in Dak Lak 43 1307 May Simhavarman III died but Paramesvari refused to die with him Jaya Simhavarman IV became king of Champa 43 1312 Simhavarman IV set out to recapture the two provinces but failed Trần Anh Tong sent army and took Simhavarman IV as a prisoner to Tonkin where he died in next year His brother Chế Năng became Dai Viet vassal king 1313 Siamese raiders from Sukhothai Kingdom attacked Champa but were fend off by Dai Viet 1314 Chế Năng rebelled against Trần Anh Tong 1318 Chế Năng was defeated and then took refuge in Java The Vietnamese placed a man named Jaya Ananda as client king of Champa 1326 Ananda regained independence of Champa from the Vietnamese Odoric of Pordenone visited Champa 44 1342 Ananda died and his brother in law Maha Sawa became king while legitimate crown prince Che Mo went to Dai Viet to seek help but failed 1345 Ibn Battuta visited Champa 44 1360 Po Binasuor Chế Bồng Nga became king of Champa He reunited the Chams and strengthened the kingdom 1368 Cham Vietnamese War 1367 1390 Cham troops defeated a Vietnamese army in modern day Quang Nam 1369 The emperor of China recognised Po Binasuor as king of Champa 1371 Cham Vietnamese War 1367 1390 Po Binasuor led a naval invasion that sacked Hanoi 1377 Spring Battle of Vijaya Po Binasuor defeated and killed king Trần Duệ Tong in Vijaya Winter Cham Vietnamese War 1367 1390 Cham forces sacked Hanoi second time 1378 Cham Vietnamese War 1367 1390 Cham forces sacked Hanoi third time 1383 Summer Cham Vietnamese War 1367 1390 Po Binasuor launched a mountain offensive that routed the Vietnamese forces Autumn Cham Vietnamese War 1367 1390 Cham troops ransacked Hanoi fourth time 1389 Cham Vietnamese War 1367 1390 Cham army advanced to the Red River Delta 45 1390 February Cham Vietnamese War 1367 1390 Po Binasuor and the Cham army were surrounded and defeated on Hải Triều River ended the Cham Vietnamese war Po Binasuor s general La Khai withdrew the Cham remnant to Vijaya and abandoned most of Po Binasuor s reconquered territories La Khai became king Simhavarman VI of Champa 1400 Simhavarman VI died his son Ngauk Klaung Vijaya became king Virabhadravarman of Champa 45 15th century edit Year Date Event1402 The new king of Dai Viet Hồ Han Thương made war with Champa and forced Virabhadravarman to ceded Amaravati to Dai Viet 1403 Hồ Han Thương besieged Vijaya Vietnamese chronicles or raided the Cham countryside Ming Shilu 1407 Ming Empire conquered Dai Viet The province of Amaravati was returned to Champa 1409 Virabhadravarman Indravarman VI established the city of Samṛddhipuri 1421 Virabhadravarman Indravarman VI annexed the eastern half of the Mekong Delta 1428 Virabhadravarman reestablished peaceful relations with the Vietnamese ruler Le Loi 1432 Virabhadravarman changed his name to Indravarman VI 1441 Indravarman VI died one of his nephews prince Srindra Viṣṇukirti Virabhadravarman ascended the throne succession troubles led to civil war 45 1445 Winter The regents of Dai Viet attacked Champa and installed prince Maha Kali as a puppet king 1449 Maha Kali was murdered by his elder brother Maha Kaya 1458 Maha Saya became king of Champa 1460 Maha Sajan became king of Champa 1470 November Cham Vietnamese War 1471 Maha Sajan commanded 100 000 troops and attacked Vietnamese garrisons at Huế former Cham land 1471 February 18 Cham Vietnamese War 1471 Vietnamese forces led by king Le Thanh Tong laid siege of Vijaya 22 February Cham Vietnamese War 1471 Vijaya fell king Maha Sajan Cham royal family a fendedan and 30 000 people were taken as prisoners and deported to the north 46 1 March A Cham general named Jayavarman Mafoungnan fled to Phan Rang Cham refugees escaped to Cambodia Malaysia and Indonesia en masse 7 March Jayavarman Mafoungnan submitted to Thanh Tong ending the independent Kingdom of Champa Panduranga Trấn Thuận Thanh edit16th century edit Year Date Event1509 Thousands of Cham slaves in Hanoi were massacred by king Le Uy Mục 47 1526 Cham rump state Panduranga stopped paying tribute to Dai Viet court 48 1543 The last diplomatic relation between China and Champa 49 1578 Panduranga attacked Nguyen Hoang s territories 50 1585 Champa became a Muslim nation according to Spanish report 51 1594 Panduranga sent troops to aid Johor Sultanate fight against the Portuguese 52 17th century edit Year Date Event1611 Panduranga attacked the Vietnamese in Phu Yen but was beaten by lord Nguyen Phuc Nguyen Kauthara became Vietnamese territories 53 1627 Po Rome the first Cham mountain sovereign Po Rome opened for trade with the Dutch 54 1653 Po Nraup raided Phu Yen Lord Nguyễn Phuc Tần launched a counterattack and captured Po Nraup 55 1692 Lord Nguyễn Phuc Chu invaded Panduranga created Binh Thuận district within Panduranga made it free land for ethnic Vietnamese 1693 December Chams revolted against Vietnamese rule 56 1697 Nguyễn Phuc Chu decided to abolish the Binh Thuận district granting Cham ruler autonomy and set up the so called Principality of Thuận Thanh while encouraging Viet settler colonialism 57 18th century edit Year Date Event1700 Thousands of Cham Muslim refugees took asylum in tolerant Principality of Ha Tien 1712 Cham Nguyen treaty of vassalage signed Nguyen military outposts were set up in Panduranga 1728 Cham revolted against the Nguyen 1746 Cham revolted against the Nguyen 1750 First Cham settlement in lower Mekong established by lord Nguyễn Phuc Khoat 1775 Chams joined the Tayson rebellion against Nguyen lord 58 1794 Nguyen loyalists recaptured Panduranga pro Tayson Cham ruler Po Tisuntiraidapuran was executed and replaced with pro Nguyen ruler Po Ladhuanpuguh 59 1795 Cham anti Nguyen revolt 1799 Nguyen Anh installed pro Nguyen Po Saong Nyung Ceng as ruler of Panduranga 59 19th century edit Year Date Event1822 1823 Cham leader Ja Lidong revolted against Vietnamese rule 1826 Anti Viet Nduai Kabait rebellion was brutally suppressed 1829 Governor Le Văn Duyệt approved Po Thak The as king of Champa 1832 August Minh Mang of Vietnam annexed Panduranga and abolished the Cham monarchy 1833 Katip Sumat uprising Cham religious teacher Sumat declared a jihad against Minh Mang Minh Mang was complete mesmerized and ordered a reign of terror over the Cham and indigenous highlanders in Panduranga 1834 Ja Thak Wa uprising Cham revolted against Minh Mang calling for independence Both movements were bloody suppressed 1835 The last king of Champa Po Phaok The was executed The last vestiges of Champa and the Cham civilization were annihilated References edit Kiernan 2019 p 55 a b c Kiernan 2019 p 85 Kiernan 2019 p 87 Kiernan 2019 p 97 a b Coedes 1975 p 44 Coedes 1975 p 44 45 a b Coedes 1975 p 45 Coedes 1975 p 47 a b c Coedes 1975 p 48 a b Aymonier 1893 p 7 a b c Coedes 1975 p 56 Hall 1981 p 35 a b Kiernan 2019 p 99 Coedes 1975 p 57 a b c d e Coedes 1975 p 70 Kiernan 2019 p 113 Vickery 2009 p 49 a b c d e Coedes 1975 p 71 Coedes 1975 p 72 Kiernan 2019 p 114 a b Coedes 1975 p 95 Coedes 1975 p 103 Coedes 1975 p 104 Coedes 1975 p 122 Hall 1981 p 202 Coedes 1975 p 123 a b c Coedes 1975 p 124 Kiernan 2019 p 142 Coedes 1975 p 124 125 Coedes 1975 p 125 a b Coedes 1975 p 139 a b c Coedes 1975 p 140 Coedes 1975 p 141 a b Coedes 1975 p 154 a b c Hall 1981 p 205 Coedes 1975 p 155 a b Coedes 1975 p 164 a b c Coedes 1975 p 165 Coedes 1975 p 166 Coedes 1975 p 170 Coedes 1975 p 192 Coedes 1975 p 193 a b Coedes 1975 p 217 a b Coedes 1975 p 230 a b c Coedes 1975 p 238 Coedes 1975 p 239 Kiernan 2019 p 212 Miksic amp Yian 2016 p 527 Po 2013 p 72 Po 2013 p 73 Kiernan 2019 p 236 237 Kiernan 2019 p 236 Po 2013 p 74 Po 2013 p 75 Po 2013 p 76 Po 2013 p 79 Po 2013 p 80 Kiernan 2019 p 258 a b Kiernan 2019 p 264 Bibliography edit nbsp History portal nbsp Vietnam portalAymonier Etienne 1893 The History of Tchampa the Cyamba of Marco Polo Now Annam Or Cochin China Oriental University Institute ISBN 978 1 149 97414 8 Coedes George 1975 Vella Walter F ed The Indianized States of Southeast Asia University of Hawaii Press ISBN 978 0 824 80368 1 Hall Daniel George Edward 1981 History of South East Asia Macmillan Education Limited ISBN 978 1 349 16521 6 Kiernan Ben 2019 Việt Nam a history from earliest time to the present Oxford University Press ISBN 978 0 190 05379 6 Miksic John Norman Yian Goh Geok 2016 Ancient Southeast Asia Routledge ISBN 978 0415735544 Po Dharma 2013 Le Panduranga Campa Ses rapports avec le Vietnam 1802 1835 International Office of Champa Vickery Michael 2009 A short history of Champa in Hardy Andrew David Cucarzi Mauro Zolese Patrizia eds Champa and the Archaeology of Mỹ Sơn Vietnam Hawaii University of Hawaii Press pp 45 61 ISBN 978 9 9716 9451 7 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Timeline of Champa amp oldid 1160633073, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
