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Wikipedia

The Pirate Bay

September 14, 2023

The Pirate Bay (sometimes abbreviated as TPB) is an online index of digital content of entertainment media and software.[1] Founded in 2003 by Swedish think tank Piratbyrån, The Pirate Bay allows visitors to search, download, and contribute magnet links and torrent files, which facilitate peer-to-peer, file sharing among users of the BitTorrent protocol.

The Pirate Bay
The Pirate Bay logo
Type of site
Torrent index, magnet links provider
Available in35 languages available, primarily English and Swedish
Created by
RevenueAdvertisements, donations, merchandise, cryptocurrency mining
URLthepiratebay.org
RegistrationOptional, free (closed since May 2019)
Launched15 September 2003; 19 years ago (2003-09-15)
Current statusOnline
Written inHTML, JavaScript, and PHP

The Pirate Bay has sparked controversies and discussion about legal aspects of file sharing, copyright, and civil liberties and has become a platform for political initiatives against established intellectual property laws as well as a central figure in an anti-copyright movement.[2] The website has faced several shutdowns and domain seizures, switching to a series of new web addresses to continue operating.[3]

In April 2009, the website's founders (Peter Sunde, Fredrik Neij, and Gottfrid Svartholm) were found guilty in the Pirate Bay trial in Sweden for assisting in copyright infringement and were sentenced to serve one year in prison and pay a fine.[4] In some countries, Internet service providers (ISPs) have been ordered to block access to the website. Subsequently, proxy websites have been providing access to it.[5][6][7][8][9] Founders Svartholm, Neij, and Sunde were all released by 2015 after serving shortened sentences.[3]

History Edit

The Pirate Bay was established in September 2003[10] by the Swedish anti-copyright organisation Piratbyrån (lit. 'The Piracy Bureau'); it has been run as a separate organisation since October 2004. The Pirate Bay was first run by Gottfrid Svartholm and Fredrik Neij, who are known by their nicknames "anakata" and "TiAMO", respectively. They have both been accused of "assisting in making copyrighted content available" by the Motion Picture Association of America. On 31 May 2006, the website's servers in Stockholm were raided and taken away by Swedish police, leading to three days of downtime.[11] The Pirate Bay claims to be a non-profit entity based in the Seychelles;[12] however, this is disputed.[13]

The Pirate Bay has been involved in a number of lawsuits, both as plaintiff and as defendant. On 17 April 2009, Peter Sunde, Fredrik Neij, Gottfrid Svartholm, and Carl Lundström were found guilty of assistance to copyright infringement and sentenced to one year in prison and payment of a fine of 30 million Swedish kronor (approximately U$4.2 million, £2.8 million sterling, or €3.1 million), after a trial of nine days. The defendants appealed the verdict and accused the judge of giving in to political pressure.[14][15] On 26 November 2010, a Swedish appeals court upheld the verdict, decreasing the original prison terms but increasing the fine to 46 million kronor.[16] On 17 May 2010, because of an injunction against their bandwidth provider, the site was taken offline.[17] Access to the website was later restored with a message making fun of the injunction on their front page. On 23 June 2010, the group Piratbyrån disbanded due to the death of Ibi Kopimi Botani, a prominent member and co-founder of the group.[18]

The Pirate Bay was hosted for several years by PRQ, a Sweden-based company, owned by creators of TPB Gottfrid Svartholm and Fredrik Neij.[19] PRQ is said to provide "highly secure, no-questions-asked hosting services to its customers".[20] From May 2011, Serious Tubes Networks started providing network connectivity to The Pirate Bay.[21] In May 2012, as part of Google's newly inaugurated "Transparency Report", the company reported over 6,000 formal requests to remove Pirate Bay links from the Google Search index; those requests covered over 80,500 URLs, with the five copyright holders having the most requests consisting of: Froytal Services LLC, Bang Bros, Takedown Piracy LLC, Amateur Teen Kingdom, and International Federation of the Phonographic Industry (IFPI).[22] On 10 August 2013, The Pirate Bay announced the release of PirateBrowser, a free web browser used to circumvent internet censorship.[23] The site was the most visited torrent directory on the World Wide Web from 2003 until November 2014, when KickassTorrents had more visitors according to Alexa.[24] On 8 December 2014, Google removed most of the Google Play apps from its app store that have "The Pirate Bay" in the title.[25]

On 9 December 2014, The Pirate Bay was raided by the Swedish police, who seized servers, computers, and other equipment.[26][27][28][29][30] Several other torrent related sites including EZTV, Zoink, Torrage and the Istole tracker were also shut down in addition to The Pirate Bay's forum Suprbay.org.[27] On the second day after the raid EZTV was reported to be showing "signs of life" with uploads to ExtraTorrent and KickassTorrents and supporting proxy sites like eztv-proxy.net via the main website's backend IP addresses.[31][32] Several copies of The Pirate Bay went online during the next several days, most notably oldpiratebay.org, created by isoHunt.[33][34]

On 19 May 2015, the .se domain of The Pirate Bay was ordered to be seized following a ruling by a Swedish court.[35][36] The site reacted by adding six new domains in its place.[37][38] The judgment was appealed on 26 May 2015.[39] On 12 May 2016, the appeal was dismissed and the Court ruled the domains be turned over to the Swedish state.[40][41] The site returned to using its original .org domain in May 2016.[42] In August 2016, the US government shut down KickassTorrents, which resulted in The Pirate Bay becoming once again the most visited BitTorrent website.[43]

Website Edit

Content Edit

 
 
The Pirate Bay homepage in 2004 (top) and 2018

The Pirate Bay allows users to search for Magnet links. These are used to reference resources available for download via peer-to-peer networks which, when opened in a BitTorrent client, begin downloading the desired content. Originally,[44] The Pirate Bay allowed users to download BitTorrent files (torrents), small files that contain metadata necessary to download the data files from other users. The torrents are organised into categories: "Audio", "Video", "Applications", "Games", "Porn", and "Other".[45] Registration requires an email address and is free; registered users may upload their own torrents and comment on torrents. According to a study of newly uploaded files during 2013 by TorrentFreak, 44% of uploads were television shows and movies, porn was in second place with 35% of uploads, and audio made up 9% of uploads.[46] Registration for new users was closed in May 2019 following problems with the uploading of malware torrents.[47]

The website features a browse function that enables users to see what is available in broad categories like Audio, Video, and Games, as well as sub-categories like Audio books, High-res Movies, and Comics. Since January 2012, it also features a "Physibles" category for 3D-printable objects.[48][49] The contents of these categories can be sorted by file name, the number of seeders or leechers, the date posted, etc.

Piratbyrån described The Pirate Bay as a long-running project of performance art.[50] Normally, the front page of The Pirate Bay featured a drawing of a pirate ship with the logo of the 1980s anti-copyright infringement campaign, "Home Taping Is Killing Music", on its sails instead of the Jolly Roger symbol usually associated with pirate ships.[51]

Technical details Edit

Initially, The Pirate Bay's four Linux servers ran a custom web server called Hypercube. An old version is open-source.[52] On 1 June 2005, The Pirate Bay updated its website in an effort to reduce bandwidth usage, which was reported to be at 2 HTTP requests per millisecond on each of the four web servers,[53] as well as to create a more user friendly interface for the front-end of the website. The website now runs Lighttpd and PHP on its dynamic front ends, MySQL at the database back end, Sphinx on the two search systems, memcached for caching SQL queries and PHP-sessions and Varnish in front of Lighttpd for caching static content. As of September 2008, The Pirate Bay consisted of 31 dedicated servers including nine dynamic web fronts, a database, two search engines, and eight BitTorrent trackers.[54]

On 7 December 2007, The Pirate Bay finished the move from Hypercube to Opentracker as its BitTorrent tracking software, also enabling the use of the UDP tracker protocol for which Hypercube lacked support.[55] This allowed UDP multicast to be used to synchronise the multiple servers with each other much faster than before.[56] Opentracker is free software.[57][58]

In June 2008, The Pirate Bay announced that their servers would support SSL encryption in response to Sweden's new wiretapping law.[59][60] On 19 January 2009, The Pirate Bay launched IPv6 support for their tracker system, using an IPv6-only version of Opentracker.[61] On 17 November 2009, The Pirate Bay shut off its tracker service permanently, stating that centralised trackers are no longer needed since distributed hash tables (DHT), peer exchange (PEX), and magnet links allow peers to find each other and content in a decentralised way.[62][63]

On 20 February 2012, The Pirate Bay announced in a Facebook post that after 29 February the site would no longer offer torrent files, and would instead offer only magnet links. The site commented: "Not having torrents will be a bit cheaper for us but it will also make it harder for our common enemies to stop us."[64] The site added that torrents being shared by fewer than ten people will retain their torrent files, to ensure compatibility with older software that may not support magnet links.[65]

Funding Edit

Early financing Edit

In April 2007, a rumour was confirmed on the Swedish talk show Bert that The Pirate Bay had received financial support from right-wing entrepreneur Carl Lundström. This caused some consternation since Lundström, an heir to the Wasabröd fortune, is known for financing several far-right political parties and movements like Sverigedemokraterna and Bevara Sverige Svenskt (Keep Sweden Swedish). During the talk show, Piratbyrån spokesman Tobias Andersson acknowledged that "without Lundström's support, Pirate Bay would not have been able to start" and stated that most of the money went towards acquiring servers and bandwidth.[66][67]

Donations Edit

From 2004 until 2006, The Pirate Bay had a "Donate" link to a donations page which listed several payment methods, stated that funds supported only the tracker, and offered time-limited benefits to donors such as no advertisements and "VIP" status.[68] After that, the link was removed from the home page,[69] and the donations page only recommended donating "to your local pro-piracy group" for a time,[70] after which it redirected to the site's main page. Billboard claimed that the site in 2009 "appeals for donations to keep its service running".[71] In 2006, Petter Nilsson, a candidate on the Swedish political reality show Toppkandidaterna (The Top Candidates), donated 35,000 Swedish kronor (US$4,925.83) to The Pirate Bay, which they used to buy new servers.[72][73]

In 2007, the site ran a fund intended to buy Sealand, a platform with debated micronation status.[74] In 2009, the convicted principals of TPB requested that users stop trying to donate money for their fines, because they refused to pay them.[75][76] In 2013, The Pirate Bay published its Bitcoin address on the site front page for donations,[77] as well as Litecoin.[78]

Merchandising Edit

The site links to an online store selling site-related merchandise, first noted in 2006 in Svenska Dagbladet.[79][80]

Advertising Edit

Since 2006, the website has received financing through advertisements on result pages. According to speculations by Svenska Dagbladet, the advertisements generate about 600,000 kronor ($84,000) per month.[81][82] In an investigation in 2006, the police concluded that The Pirate Bay brings in 1.2 million kronor ($169,000) per year from advertisements.[83] The prosecution estimated in the 2009 trial from emails and screenshots that the advertisements pay over 10 million kronor ($1.4 million) a year,[84] but the indictment used the estimate from the police investigation.[85] The lawyers of the site's administrators counted the 2006 revenue closer to 725,000 kronor ($102,000).[86] The verdict of the first trial, however, quoted the estimate from the preliminary investigation.[87]

As of 2008, IFPI claims that the website is extremely profitable, and that The Pirate Bay is more engaged in making profit than supporting people's rights.[88] The website has insisted that these allegations are not true, stating, "It's not free to operate a Web Site on this scale", and, "If we were making lots of money I, Svartholm, wouldn't be working late at the office tonight, I'd be sitting on a beach somewhere, working on my tan."[89] In response to claims of annual revenue exceeding $3 million made by the IFPI, the site's spokesman Peter Sunde argues that the website's high bandwidth, power, and hardware costs eliminate the potential for profit. The Pirate Bay, he says, may ultimately be operating at a loss.[88] In the 2009 trial, the defence estimated the site's yearly expenses to be 800,000 kronor ($110,000).[86]

There have been unintentional advertisers. In 2007, an online ad agency placed Wal-Mart The Simpsons DVD ads "along with search results that included downloads of the series".[90] In 2012, banner ads for Canada's Department of Finance Economic Action Plan were placed atop search results, as part of a larger "media buy", but were pulled "quickly".[91][92]

Cryptocurrency mining Edit

In 2017, The Pirate Bay embedded scripts on its website that would consume resources on visitors' computers in order to mine the Monero cryptocurrency. Visitors were initially not informed that these scripts had been added.[93] After negative feedback, the operators published an announcement stating that it was a test to see if it could replace advertisements.[94] The mining script appeared and disappeared from the website repeatedly over the following months through 2018.[95]

Fee Edit

According to the site's usage policy, it reserves the right to charge commercial policy violators "a basic fee of €5,000 plus bandwidth and other costs that may arise due to the violation".[96] Co-founder Peter Sunde accused Swedish book publishers, who scraped the site for information about copyrighted books, of violating the usage policy, and asserted TPB's copyright on its database.[97]

Projects Edit

 
"Jubilee!" – on the homepage 31 January 2008[98]

The team behind The Pirate Bay has worked on several websites and software projects of varying degrees of permanence. In 2007, BayImg, an image hosting website similar to TinyPic went online in June.[99][100] Pre-publication images posted to BayImg became part of a legal battle when Conde Nast's network was later allegedly hacked.[101][102] In July, "within hours after Ingmar Bergman's death", BergmanBits.com was launched, listing torrents for the director's films,[99][103][104] online until mid-2008.[105] In August, The Pirate Bay relaunched the BitTorrent website Suprnova.org to perform the same functions as The Pirate Bay, with different torrent trackers, but the site languished; the domain was returned to its original owner in August 2010, and it now redirects to TorrentFreak.tv.[106][107] Suprbay.org was introduced in August as the official forum for ThePirateBay.org and the various sites connected to it. Users can request reseeding of torrents, or report malware within torrent files or illegal material on ThePirateBay.org.[108][109]

BOiNK was announced in October 2007 in response to the raid on Oink's Pink Palace, a music-oriented BitTorrent website.[110] A month later Sunde cancelled BOiNK, citing the many new music websites created since the downfall of OiNK.[111] A Mac dashboard widget was released in December, listing "top 10 stuff currently on TPB, either per category or the full list".[112][113] SlopsBox, a disposable email address anti-spam service, also appeared in December,[114][115] and was reviewed in 2009.[116][117]

 
Political cartoon criticising the entertainment industry on the main page of TPB

In 2008, Baywords was launched as a free blogging service that lets users of the site blog about anything as long as it does not break any Swedish laws.[118] In December, The Pirate Bay resurrected ShareReactor as a combined eD2k and BitTorrent site.[119] The same month, the Vio mobile video converter was released, designed to convert video files for playback on mobile devices such as iPhone, BlackBerry, Android, many Nokia and Windows Mobile devices.[120]

In 2009, Pastebay, a note sharing service[121] similar to Pastebin, was made available to the public as of 23 March.[122][123] The Video Bay video streaming/sharing site was announced in June to be "The YouTube Killer", with content viewable in HTML 5-capable browsers.[124][125] The site was in an "Extreme Beta" phase; a message on the homepage instructed the user "don't expect anything to work at all".[126] The Video Bay was never completed and as of 28 April 2013, The Video Bay is inaccessible.

 
A contest by Project Chanology advertised at The Pirate Bay in December 2009

On 18 April 2011, Pirate Bay temporarily changed its name to "Research Bay", collaborating with P2P researchers of the Lund University Cybernorms group in a large poll of P2P users.[127] The researchers published their results online on "The Survey Bay", as a public Creative Commons project in 2013.[128][129][130] In January 2012, the site announced The Promo Bay; "doodles" by selected musicians, artists and others could be rotated onto the site's front page at a future date.[131][132] Brazilian novelist Paulo Coelho was promoted, offering a collection of his books for free download.[133] By November, 10,000 artists were reported to have signed up.[134] TPB preserves a dated collection of exhibited logos.[135] On 2 December 2012, some ISPs in the UK such as BT, Virgin Media, and BE started blocking The Promo Bay[136] but stopped a few days later when the BPI reversed its position.[137]

Purchases Edit

In January 2007, when the micronation of Sealand was put up for sale, the ACFI and The Pirate Bay tried to buy it. The Sealand government, however, did not want to be involved with The Pirate Bay, as it was their opinion that file sharing represented "theft of proprietary rights".[138][139] A new plan was formed to buy an island instead, but this too was never implemented, despite the website having raised US$25,000 (€15,000) in donations for this cause.[140]

The P2P news blog TorrentFreak reported on 12 October 2007 that the Internet domain ifpi.com, which previously belonged to the International Federation of the Phonographic Industry, an anti-piracy organisation, had been acquired by The Pirate Bay. When asked about how they got hold of the domain, Sunde told TorrentFreak, "It's not a hack, someone just gave us the domain name. We have no idea how they got it, but it's ours and we're keeping it." The website was renamed "The International Federation of Pirates Interests"[141] However, the IFPI filed a complaint with the World Intellectual Property Organization shortly thereafter, which subsequently ordered The Pirate Bay to return the domain name to the IFPI.[142]

Cryptocurrency Edit

On 12 May 2021, The Pirate Bay launched Pirate Token, a BEP-20 token, to be used to sustain its community and develop tools for the website.[143][144]

Incidents Edit

May 2006 raid Edit

Main article: The Pirate Bay 2006 raid

On 31 May 2006, a raid against The Pirate Bay and people involved with the website took place as ordered by Swedish judge Tomas Norström, later the presiding judge of the 2009 trial, prompted by allegations of copyright violations. Police officers shut down the website and confiscated its servers, as well as all other servers hosted by The Pirate Bay's Internet service provider, PRQ. The company is owned by two operators of The Pirate Bay. Three people – Gottfrid Svartholm, Mikael Viborg, and Fredrik Neij – were held by the police for questioning, but were released later that evening.[145] All servers in the room were seized, including those running the website of Piratbyrån, an independent organisation fighting for file sharing rights, as well as servers unrelated to The Pirate Bay or other file sharing activities. Equipment such as hardware routers, switches, blank CDs, and fax machines were also seized.[146]

The Motion Picture Association of America (MPAA) wrote in a press release: "Since filing a criminal complaint in Sweden in November 2004, the film industry has worked vigorously with Swedish and U.S. government officials in Sweden to shut this illegal website down." MPAA CEO Dan Glickman also stated, "Intellectual property theft is a problem for film industries all over the world and we are glad that the local government in Sweden has helped stop The Pirate Bay from continuing to enable rampant copyright theft on the Internet." The MPAA press release set forth its justification for the raid and claimed that there were three arrests; however, the individuals were not actually arrested, only held for questioning. The release also reprinted John G. Malcolm's allegation that The Pirate Bay was making money from the distribution of copyrighted material, a criticism denied by the Pirate Bay.[147]

After the raid, The Pirate Bay displayed a message that confirmed that the Swedish police had executed search warrants for breach of copyright law or assisting such a breach. The closure message initially caused some confusion because on 1 April 2005, April Fools' Day, The Pirate Bay had posted a similar message as a prank, stating that they were unavailable due to a raid by the Swedish Anti-Piracy Bureau and IFPI. Piratbyrån set up a temporary news blog to inform the public about the incident.[148] On 2 June 2006, The Pirate Bay was available once again, with their logo depicting a pirate ship firing cannonballs at the Hollywood Sign.[149] The Pirate Bay has servers in both Belgium and Russia for future use in case of another raid.[150] According to The Pirate Bay, in the two years following the raid, it grew from 1 million to 2.7 million registered users and from 2.5 million to 12 million peers.[11] The Pirate Bay now claims over 5 million active users.[151]

Sweden's largest technology museum, the Swedish National Museum of Science and Technology, acquired one of the confiscated servers in 2009 and exhibited it for having great symbolic value as a "big problem or a big opportunity".[152]

Autopsy photos Edit

In September 2008, the Swedish media reported that the public preliminary investigation protocols concerning a child murder case known as the Arboga case had been made available through a torrent on The Pirate Bay. In Sweden, preliminary investigations became publicly available the moment a lawsuit is filed and can be ordered from the court by any individual. The document included pictures from the autopsy of the two murdered children, which caused their father Nicklas Jangestig to urge the website to have the pictures removed.[153] The Pirate Bay refused to remove the torrent. The number of downloads increased to about 50,000 a few days later.[154] On 11 September 2008, the website's press contact Peter Sunde participated in the debate program Debatt on the public broadcaster SVT. Sunde had agreed to participate on the condition that the father Nicklas Jangestig would not take part in the debate. Jangestig ultimately did participate in the program by telephone, which made Sunde feel betrayed by SVT.[155] This caused The Pirate Bay to suspend all of its press contacts the following day.[156]

"I don't think it's our job to judge if something is ethical or unethical or what other people want to put out on the internet", said The Pirate Bay's spokesperson Peter Sunde to TV4.[157]

Legal issues Edit

In September 2007, a large number of internal emails were leaked from anti-piracy company MediaDefender by an anonymous hacker. Some of the leaked emails discussed hiring hackers to perform DDoS attacks on The Pirate Bay's servers and trackers.[158] In response to the leak, The Pirate Bay filed charges in Sweden against MediaDefender clients Twentieth Century Fox Sweden AB, EMI Sweden AB, Universal Music Group Sweden AB, Universal Pictures Nordic AB, Paramount Home Entertainment (Sweden) AB, Atari Nordic AB, Activision Nordic, Ubisoft Sweden AB, Sony BMG Music Entertainment (Sweden) AB, and Sony Pictures Home Entertainment Nordic AB,[159] but the charges were not pursued.[158] MediaDefender's stocks fell sharply after this incident, and several media companies withdrew from the service after the company announced the leak had caused $825,000 in losses.[160]

Later, The Pirate Bay co-founder Peter Sunde accused police investigator Jim Keyzer of a conflict of interest when he declined to investigate MediaDefender. Keyzer later accepted a job for MPAA member studio Warner Brothers.[161] The leaked emails revealed that other MPAA member studios hired MediaDefender to pollute The Pirate Bay's torrent database.[162] In an official letter to the Swedish Minister of Justice, the International Olympic Committee (IOC) requested assistance from the Swedish government to prevent The Pirate Bay from distributing video clips of the Beijing Olympics. The IOC claimed there were more than one million downloads of footage from the Olympics – mostly of the opening ceremony. The Pirate Bay, however, did not take anything down, and temporarily renamed the website to The Beijing Bay.[163]

 
Protestors showing support for The Pirate Bay on the first day of the trial

The trial against the men behind the Pirate Bay started in Sweden on 16 February 2009. They were accused of breaking Swedish copyright law.[164] The defendants, however, continued to be confident about the outcome.[165] Half the charges against The Pirate Bay were dropped on the second day of the trial.[166]

The three operators of the site and their one investor Carl Lundström were convicted in Stockholm district court on 17 April 2009 and sentenced to one year in jail each and a total of 30 million kronor ($3.6 million, €2.7 million, £2.4 million sterling) in fines and damages.[167] The defendants' lawyers appealed to the Svea Court of Appeal and requested a retrial in the district court, alleging bias on the part of judge Tomas Norström.[168]

On 13 May 2009, several record companies again sued Neij, Svartholm, Sunde and also The Pirate Bay's main internet service provider Black Internet. They required enforcement for ending The Pirate Bay's accessory to copyright infringement that had not stopped despite the court order in April, and in the complaint listed several pages of works being shared with the help of the site. The suit was joined by several major film companies on 30 July.[169][170] The Stockholm district court ruled on 21 August that Black Internet must stop making available the specific works mentioned in the judgment, or face a 500,000 kronor fine.[171] The company was notified of the order on 24 August, and they complied with it on the same day by disconnecting The Pirate Bay.[172] Computer Sweden noted that the judgment did not order The Pirate Bay to be disconnected, but the ISP had no other option for stopping the activity on the site.[173] It was the first time in Sweden for an ISP to be forced to stop providing access for a website.[174][175][176] A public support fund fronted by the CEO of the ISP was set up to cover the legal fees of an appeal.[177] Pirate Party leader Rickard Falkvinge submitted the case for Parliamentary Ombudsman review, criticising the court's order to make intermediaries responsible for relayed content and to assign active crime prevention tasks to a private party.[178][179]

On 28 October 2009, the Stockholm District Court ordered a temporary injunction on Neij and Svartholm with a penalty of 500,000 kronor each, forbidding them from participating in the operation of The Pirate Bay's website or trackers.[180][181]

On 21 May 2010, the Svea Court of Appeal decided not to change the orders on Black Internet or Neij and Svartholm.[182][183]

On 1 February 2012, the Supreme Court of Sweden refused to hear an appeal in the conviction case, and agreed with the decision of the Svea Court of Appeal, which had upheld the sentences in November 2011.[184]

On 2 September 2012, Pirate Bay co-founder Gottfrid Svartholm Warg was arrested in Cambodia. He was detained in Phnom Penh by officers executing an international warrant issued against him in April after he did not turn up to serve a one-year jail sentence for copyright violations.[185] On 24 December 2012, administrators of TPB changed the homepage to urge users to send Warg, in jail, "gifts and letters".

In March 2013, The Pirate Bay claimed in a blog post that it had moved its servers to North Korea. The incident turned out to be a hoax.[130] In April 2013, within a week The Pirate Bay had moved its servers from Greenland to Iceland to St. Martin, either in response to legal threats or preemptively.[186] In December 2013, the site changed its domain to .ac (Ascension Island), following the seizure of the .sx domain.[187] On 12 December, the site moved to .pe (Peru),[188] on 18 December to .gy (Guyana).[189] Following the site's suspension from the .gy domain, on 19 December The Pirate Bay returned to .se (Sweden), which it had previously occupied between February 2012 and April 2013.[190]

Trial Edit

Main article: The Pirate Bay trial

The Pirate Bay trial was a joint criminal and civil prosecution in Sweden of four individuals charged for promoting the copyright infringement of others with The Pirate Bay site.[191][192] The criminal charges were supported by a consortium of intellectual rights holders led by IFPI, who filed individual civil compensation claims against the owners of The Pirate Bay.[193]

Swedish prosecutors filed charges on 31 January 2008 against Fredrik Neij, Gottfrid Svartholm, and Peter Sunde; and Carl Lundström, a Swedish businessman who through his businesses sold services to the site. The prosecutor claimed the four worked together to administer, host, and develop the site and thereby facilitated other people's breach of copyright law. Some 34 cases of copyright infringements were originally listed, of which 21 were related to music files, 9 to movies, and 4 to games.[192] One case involving music files was later dropped by the copyright holder who made the file available again on The Pirate Bay site. In addition, claims for damages of 117 million kronor ($13 million, €12.5 million) were filed.[194] The case was decided jointly by a judge and three appointed lay judges.[195][196] According to Swedish media, the lead judge, judge Norström, was a member of the Swedish Copyright Association and sat on the board of the Swedish Association for the Protection of Industrial Property, but denied that his involvement constituted a conflict of interest.[197]

The trial started on 16 February 2009, in the district court (tingsrätt) of Stockholm, Sweden. The hearings ended on 3 March 2009 and the verdict was announced at 11:00 am on Friday 17 April 2009: Peter Sunde, Fredrik Neij, Gottfrid Svartholm and Carl Lundström were all found guilty and sentenced to serve one year in prison and pay a fine of 30 million Swedish krona (app. €2.7 million or US$3.5 million). All of the defendants appealed the verdict.

The appeal trial concluded on 15 October 2010,[198] and the verdict was announced on 26 November. The appeal court shortened sentences of three of the defendants who appeared in court that day. Neij's sentence was reduced to 10 months, Sunde's to eight, and Lundström's to four. However, the fine was increased from 32 to 46 million kronor.[199]

On 1 February 2012, the Supreme Court of Sweden refused to hear an appeal in the case, prompting the site to change its official domain name to thepiratebay.se from thepiratebay.org. The move to a .se domain was claimed to prevent susceptibility to US laws from taking control of the site.[200] On 9 April 2013, the site changed its domain name to thepiratebay.gl, under the Greenland TLD, in anticipation of possible seizure by Swedish authorities of its .se domain.[201] The change proved to be short lived, as the site returned to the .se domain on 12 April 2013 after being blocked on the .gl domain by Tele-Post, which administers domains in Greenland. Tele-Post cited a Danish court ruling that the site was in violation of copyright laws.[202]

Founders Svartholm, Neij, and Sunde were all released after having finished serving their sentences by 2015.[3]

Service issues Edit

In May 2007, The Pirate Bay was attacked by a group of hackers.[203] They copied the user database, which included over 1.5 million users. The Pirate Bay claimed to its users that the data was of no value and that passwords and e-mails were encrypted and hashed. Some blogs stated that a group known as the AUH (Arga Unga Hackare, Swedish for "Angry Young Hackers") were suspected of executing the attack; however, the AUH stated on the Computer Sweden newspaper that they were not involved and would take revenge on those responsible for the attack.[204][205]

On 27 April 2009, the website of The Pirate Bay had fibre IPv4 connectivity issues. There was widespread speculation this was a forced outage from the Swedish anti-piracy group, accelerated somewhat by TPB adding contact details for the Swedish anti-piracy group's lawyers to its RIPE database record.[206][207] The site and its forums were still available via IPv6 at the time.[208]

On 24 August 2009, one of The Pirate Bay's upstream providers was ordered to discontinue service for the website by a Swedish court in response to a civil action brought by several entertainment companies including Disney, Universal, Time Warner, Columbia, Sony, NBC, and Paramount.[139] According to the TPB Blog, this caused a downtime of 3 hours;[209] however, some users were unable to access the site immediately following the relocation due to unrelated technical difficulties. The site was fully operational again for everyone within 24 hours.[210]

On 6 October 2009, one of the IP transit providers to The Pirate Bay blocked all Pirate Bay traffic causing an outage for most users around the world.[211] The same day, the site was reportedly back online at an IP address at CyberBunker, located in the Netherlands.[212] It is not known whether The Pirate Bay is actually located at CyberBunker or whether they are using the CyberBunker service that routes CyberBunker IP addresses to any datacenter around the world. These routes are not visible to the outside world.

CyberBunker was given a court injunction on 17 May 2010, taking the site offline briefly;[17] later that day, hosting was restored by Sweden's Pirate Party.[213][214] Former spokesman for the Pirate Bay, Peter Sunde, commented that it would now be very difficult to stop the site because it would now be seen as political censorship if anyone tries to shut it down.[215]

On 8 July 2010, a group of Argentine hackers gained access to The Pirate Bay's administration panel through a security breach via the backend of The Pirate Bay website. They were able to delete torrents and expose users' IP-addresses, emails and MD5-hashed passwords. The Pirate Bay was taken offline for upgrades. Users visiting the website were met by the following message: "Upgrading some stuff, database is in use for backups, soon back again. Btw, it's nice weather outside I think."[216][217]

On 16 May 2012, The Pirate Bay experienced a major DDoS attack, causing the site to be largely inaccessible worldwide for around 24 hours. The Pirate Bay said that it did not know who was behind the attack, although it "had its suspicions".[218]

On 5 May 2015, The Pirate Bay went offline for several hours, apparently as a result of not properly configuring its SSL certificate.[219][220]

Acquisition discussion Edit

On 30 June 2009, Swedish advertising company Global Gaming Factory X AB announced their intention to buy the site for 60 million kronor (approximately US$8.5 million) (30 million kronor in cash, 30 million kronor in GGF shares).[221][222]

The Pirate Bay founders stated that the profits from the sale would be placed in an offshore account where it would be used to fund projects pertaining to "freedom of speech, freedom of information, and the openness of the Internet".[221][222][223][224] Assurances were made that "no personal data will be transferred in the eventual sale (since no personal data is kept)."[225] Global Gaming Chief Executive Hans Pandeya commented on the site's future by saying "We would like to introduce models which entail that content providers and copyright owners get paid for content that is downloaded via the site", and announced that users would be charged a monthly fee for access to The Pirate Bay.

Global Gaming Factory's letter of intent expired at the end of September 2009, without the transaction having taken place. This may be due to the company's financial difficulties. "PC World" magazine regarded the deal's future as "doomed".[226]

December 2014 raid Edit

 
The Hydra Bay logo; occasionally displayed on the official website

On 9 December 2014, police in Stockholm raided the company's premises and seized servers and other computers and equipment, which resulted in the website going offline. The raid was in response to a complaint from Rights Alliance, a Swedish anti-piracy group.[6] The Pirate Bay was one of many peer-to-peer and torrent-related websites and apps that went down.[26][27][28][29][30] One member of the crew was arrested. Torrent Freak reported that most other torrent sites reported a 5–10% increase in traffic from the displaced users,[227] though the shutdown had little effect on overall piracy levels.[228][229] In retaliation to the raid, a group of hackers claiming to be part of Anonymous allegedly leaked email log-in details of Swedish government officials.[230] The Pirate Bay co-founder Peter Sunde commented in a blog post that he was happy to see the website shut down, believing his successors have done nothing to improve the site,[231] criticising in particular the increased use of advertisements.[232]

IsoHunt has since copied much of the original TPB database and made it accessible through oldpiratebay.org, a searchable index of old Pirate Bay torrents.[33][34][232] IsoHunt also released a tool called The Open Bay, to allow users to deploy their own version of the Pirate Bay website.[233] The tool is responsible for around 372 mirror sites.[234] Since 17 December 2014, The Pirate Bay's Facebook page has been unavailable.[229][235] On 22 December 2014, a website was resumed at the domain thepiratebay.se, showing a flip clock with the length of time in days and hours that the site had been offline, and a waving pirate flag.[236] From this day TPB was hosted for a period in Moldova,[236] on Trabia Network (Moldo-German company) servers. The Pirate Bay then began using the services of CloudFlare, a company which offers reverse proxy services.[237] On 1 January 2015, the website presented a countdown to 1 February 2015.[238][239] The website returned with a prominent phoenix logo displayed at the domain thepiratebay.se on 31 January 2015.[240]

Error 522 downtimes Edit

Beginning in October 2018, the clearnet Pirate Bay website started to be inaccessible in some locations around the world, showing Error 522. As the result, direct visits to the website dropped by more than 32 percent in October. The incident was found to be unrelated to internet provider blocking or domain name problem, but the exact cause has not been determined. The site's Tor domain and proxies remained unaffected.[241]

The Error 522 problem occurred again in early March 2020, with the site's admins unable to say when it would be resolved.[242] After one month, the site's functionality was restored with an update of the domain records and the Cloudflare nameservers.[243]

Censorship and controversies Edit

See also: Internet censorship and Internet censorship and surveillance by country

Anti-copyright movement Edit

Main article: Opposition to copyright

The Pirate Bay has sparked controversies and discussion about legal aspects of file sharing, copyright, and civil liberties and has become a platform for political initiatives against established intellectual property laws and a central figure in an anti-copyright movement.[2] The website faced several shutdowns and domain seizures which "did little to take the site offline, as it simply switched to a series of new web addresses and continued to operate".[3]

Domain blocking by countries Edit

Main article: Countries blocking access to The Pirate Bay

The Pirate Bay's website has been blocked in some countries, despite the relative ease by which such blocks can be circumvented in most countries. While the URL to the Pirate Bay itself has been blocked in these countries, numerous mirror websites emerged to make the website available at different URLs, routing traffic around the block.[244][245][246]

According to Google chairman Eric Schmidt, "government plans to block access to illicit filesharing websites could set a 'disastrous precedent' for freedom of speech"; he also expressed that Google would "fight attempts to restrict access to sites such as the Pirate Bay".[247]

Sweden Edit

On 13 February 2017, Sweden's Patent and Market Court of Appeal decided that the broadband provider Bredbandsbolaget must block its customers from accessing file sharing site The Pirate Bay, overruling a district court ruling to the contrary from 2015. This is the first time a site was openly blocked in Sweden. The rest of the ISPs are expected to follow the same court orders.[248][249]

The ISP Telia was mandated to block the Pirate bay through a dynamic injunction on 12 December 2019.[250] This means that when the rights holders find a website (IP and URL for the Pirate Bay) they can inform Telia who are legally required to block it in 2–3 weeks.[251] Telia objected to this blocking order and attempted to appeal the injunction but lost on 29 June 2020 and must maintain the dynamic injunction for 3 years.[252][253]

Censorship by corporations Edit

Facebook Edit

After The Pirate Bay introduced a feature in March 2009 to easily share links to torrents on the social networking site Facebook, Wired found in May that Facebook had started blocking the links. On further inspection, they discovered that all messages containing links to The Pirate Bay in both public and in private messages, regardless of content, were being blocked. Electronic Frontier Foundation lawyers commented that Facebook might be working against the US Electronic Communications Privacy Act by intercepting user messages, but Facebook chief privacy officer Chris Kelly said that they have the right to use blocks on links where there is a "demonstrated disregard for intellectual property rights", following users' agreement on their terms of service. Links to other similar sites have not been blocked.[254][255][256]

Microsoft Edit

In March 2012, Microsoft blocked Windows Live Messenger messages containing links to The Pirate Bay. When a user sends an instant message that contains a link to The Pirate Bay, Windows Live Messenger prompts a warning and claims "Blocked as it was reported unsafe". "We block instant messages if they contain malicious or spam URLs based on intelligence algorithms, third-party sources, and/or user complaints. Pirate Bay URLs were flagged by one or more of these and were consequently blocked", Microsoft told The Register in an emailed statement.[257][258]

In media Edit

The Pirate Bay is featured in Steal This Film (2006), a documentary series about society and filesharing, produced by The League of Noble Peers; in the Danish Documentary Good Copy Bad Copy, which explores the issues surrounding file copyright; and the documentary TPB AFK. The Pirate Bay has been a topic on the US-syndicated NPR radio show On the Media.[259][260]

Björn Ulvaeus, member of the Swedish pop music group ABBA, criticised copyright infringing activities of The Pirate Bay supporters as "lazy and mean".[193][261] In contrast, Brazilian best-selling author Paulo Coelho has embraced free sharing online. Coelho supports The Pirate Bay and offered to be a witness in the 2009 trial. He accounts much of his growing sales to his work shared on the Internet and comments that "a person who does not share is not only selfish, but bitter and alone".[262][263][264][265]

See also Edit

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External links Edit

 
Wikimedia Commons has media related to The Pirate Bay.
  • Official website  

September 14, 2023
pirate, sometimes, abbreviated, online, index, digital, content, entertainment, media, software, founded, 2003, swedish, think, tank, piratbyrån, allows, visitors, search, download, contribute, magnet, links, torrent, files, which, facilitate, peer, peer, file. The Pirate Bay sometimes abbreviated as TPB is an online index of digital content of entertainment media and software 1 Founded in 2003 by Swedish think tank Piratbyran The Pirate Bay allows visitors to search download and contribute magnet links and torrent files which facilitate peer to peer file sharing among users of the BitTorrent protocol The Pirate BayThe Pirate Bay logoType of siteTorrent index magnet links providerAvailable in35 languages available primarily English and SwedishCreated byGottfrid Svartholm Fredrik Neij Peter SundeRevenueAdvertisements donations merchandise cryptocurrency miningURLthepiratebay wbr orgRegistrationOptional free closed since May 2019 Launched15 September 2003 19 years ago 2003 09 15 Current statusOnlineWritten inHTML JavaScript and PHPThe Pirate Bay has sparked controversies and discussion about legal aspects of file sharing copyright and civil liberties and has become a platform for political initiatives against established intellectual property laws as well as a central figure in an anti copyright movement 2 The website has faced several shutdowns and domain seizures switching to a series of new web addresses to continue operating 3 In April 2009 the website s founders Peter Sunde Fredrik Neij and Gottfrid Svartholm were found guilty in the Pirate Bay trial in Sweden for assisting in copyright infringement and were sentenced to serve one year in prison and pay a fine 4 In some countries Internet service providers ISPs have been ordered to block access to the website Subsequently proxy websites have been providing access to it 5 6 7 8 9 Founders Svartholm Neij and Sunde were all released by 2015 after serving shortened sentences 3 Contents 1 History 2 Website 2 1 Content 2 2 Technical details 3 Funding 3 1 Early financing 3 2 Donations 3 3 Merchandising 3 4 Advertising 3 5 Cryptocurrency mining 3 6 Fee 4 Projects 4 1 Purchases 4 2 Cryptocurrency 5 Incidents 5 1 May 2006 raid 5 2 Autopsy photos 5 3 Legal issues 5 4 Trial 5 5 Service issues 5 6 Acquisition discussion 5 7 December 2014 raid 5 8 Error 522 downtimes 6 Censorship and controversies 6 1 Anti copyright movement 6 2 Domain blocking by countries 6 2 1 Sweden 6 3 Censorship by corporations 6 3 1 Facebook 6 3 2 Microsoft 7 In media 8 See also 9 References 10 External linksHistory EditThe Pirate Bay was established in September 2003 10 by the Swedish anti copyright organisation Piratbyran lit The Piracy Bureau it has been run as a separate organisation since October 2004 The Pirate Bay was first run by Gottfrid Svartholm and Fredrik Neij who are known by their nicknames anakata and TiAMO respectively They have both been accused of assisting in making copyrighted content available by the Motion Picture Association of America On 31 May 2006 the website s servers in Stockholm were raided and taken away by Swedish police leading to three days of downtime 11 The Pirate Bay claims to be a non profit entity based in the Seychelles 12 however this is disputed 13 The Pirate Bay has been involved in a number of lawsuits both as plaintiff and as defendant On 17 April 2009 Peter Sunde Fredrik Neij Gottfrid Svartholm and Carl Lundstrom were found guilty of assistance to copyright infringement and sentenced to one year in prison and payment of a fine of 30 million Swedish kronor approximately U 4 2 million 2 8 million sterling or 3 1 million after a trial of nine days The defendants appealed the verdict and accused the judge of giving in to political pressure 14 15 On 26 November 2010 a Swedish appeals court upheld the verdict decreasing the original prison terms but increasing the fine to 46 million kronor 16 On 17 May 2010 because of an injunction against their bandwidth provider the site was taken offline 17 Access to the website was later restored with a message making fun of the injunction on their front page On 23 June 2010 the group Piratbyran disbanded due to the death of Ibi Kopimi Botani a prominent member and co founder of the group 18 The Pirate Bay was hosted for several years by PRQ a Sweden based company owned by creators of TPB Gottfrid Svartholm and Fredrik Neij 19 PRQ is said to provide highly secure no questions asked hosting services to its customers 20 From May 2011 Serious Tubes Networks started providing network connectivity to The Pirate Bay 21 In May 2012 as part of Google s newly inaugurated Transparency Report the company reported over 6 000 formal requests to remove Pirate Bay links from the Google Search index those requests covered over 80 500 URLs with the five copyright holders having the most requests consisting of Froytal Services LLC Bang Bros Takedown Piracy LLC Amateur Teen Kingdom and International Federation of the Phonographic Industry IFPI 22 On 10 August 2013 The Pirate Bay announced the release of PirateBrowser a free web browser used to circumvent internet censorship 23 The site was the most visited torrent directory on the World Wide Web from 2003 until November 2014 when KickassTorrents had more visitors according to Alexa 24 On 8 December 2014 Google removed most of the Google Play apps from its app store that have The Pirate Bay in the title 25 On 9 December 2014 The Pirate Bay was raided by the Swedish police who seized servers computers and other equipment 26 27 28 29 30 Several other torrent related sites including EZTV Zoink Torrage and the Istole tracker were also shut down in addition to The Pirate Bay s forum Suprbay org 27 On the second day after the raid EZTV was reported to be showing signs of life with uploads to ExtraTorrent and KickassTorrents and supporting proxy sites like eztv proxy net via the main website s backend IP addresses 31 32 Several copies of The Pirate Bay went online during the next several days most notably oldpiratebay org created by isoHunt 33 34 On 19 May 2015 the se domain of The Pirate Bay was ordered to be seized following a ruling by a Swedish court 35 36 The site reacted by adding six new domains in its place 37 38 The judgment was appealed on 26 May 2015 39 On 12 May 2016 the appeal was dismissed and the Court ruled the domains be turned over to the Swedish state 40 41 The site returned to using its original org domain in May 2016 42 In August 2016 the US government shut down KickassTorrents which resulted in The Pirate Bay becoming once again the most visited BitTorrent website 43 Website EditContent Edit nbsp nbsp The Pirate Bay homepage in 2004 top and 2018 The Pirate Bay allows users to search for Magnet links These are used to reference resources available for download via peer to peer networks which when opened in a BitTorrent client begin downloading the desired content Originally 44 The Pirate Bay allowed users to download BitTorrent files torrents small files that contain metadata necessary to download the data files from other users The torrents are organised into categories Audio Video Applications Games Porn and Other 45 Registration requires an email address and is free registered users may upload their own torrents and comment on torrents According to a study of newly uploaded files during 2013 by TorrentFreak 44 of uploads were television shows and movies porn was in second place with 35 of uploads and audio made up 9 of uploads 46 Registration for new users was closed in May 2019 following problems with the uploading of malware torrents 47 The website features a browse function that enables users to see what is available in broad categories like Audio Video and Games as well as sub categories like Audio books High res Movies and Comics Since January 2012 it also features a Physibles category for 3D printable objects 48 49 The contents of these categories can be sorted by file name the number of seeders or leechers the date posted etc Piratbyran described The Pirate Bay as a long running project of performance art 50 Normally the front page of The Pirate Bay featured a drawing of a pirate ship with the logo of the 1980s anti copyright infringement campaign Home Taping Is Killing Music on its sails instead of the Jolly Roger symbol usually associated with pirate ships 51 Technical details Edit Initially The Pirate Bay s four Linux servers ran a custom web server called Hypercube An old version is open source 52 On 1 June 2005 The Pirate Bay updated its website in an effort to reduce bandwidth usage which was reported to be at 2 HTTP requests per millisecond on each of the four web servers 53 as well as to create a more user friendly interface for the front end of the website The website now runs Lighttpd and PHP on its dynamic front ends MySQL at the database back end Sphinx on the two search systems memcached for caching SQL queries and PHP sessions and Varnish in front of Lighttpd for caching static content As of September 2008 update The Pirate Bay consisted of 31 dedicated servers including nine dynamic web fronts a database two search engines and eight BitTorrent trackers 54 On 7 December 2007 The Pirate Bay finished the move from Hypercube to Opentracker as its BitTorrent tracking software also enabling the use of the UDP tracker protocol for which Hypercube lacked support 55 This allowed UDP multicast to be used to synchronise the multiple servers with each other much faster than before 56 Opentracker is free software 57 58 In June 2008 The Pirate Bay announced that their servers would support SSL encryption in response to Sweden s new wiretapping law 59 60 On 19 January 2009 The Pirate Bay launched IPv6 support for their tracker system using an IPv6 only version of Opentracker 61 On 17 November 2009 The Pirate Bay shut off its tracker service permanently stating that centralised trackers are no longer needed since distributed hash tables DHT peer exchange PEX and magnet links allow peers to find each other and content in a decentralised way 62 63 On 20 February 2012 The Pirate Bay announced in a Facebook post that after 29 February the site would no longer offer torrent files and would instead offer only magnet links The site commented Not having torrents will be a bit cheaper for us but it will also make it harder for our common enemies to stop us 64 The site added that torrents being shared by fewer than ten people will retain their torrent files to ensure compatibility with older software that may not support magnet links 65 Funding EditEarly financing Edit In April 2007 a rumour was confirmed on the Swedish talk show Bert that The Pirate Bay had received financial support from right wing entrepreneur Carl Lundstrom This caused some consternation since Lundstrom an heir to the Wasabrod fortune is known for financing several far right political parties and movements like Sverigedemokraterna and Bevara Sverige Svenskt Keep Sweden Swedish During the talk show Piratbyran spokesman Tobias Andersson acknowledged that without Lundstrom s support Pirate Bay would not have been able to start and stated that most of the money went towards acquiring servers and bandwidth 66 67 Donations Edit From 2004 until 2006 The Pirate Bay had a Donate link to a donations page which listed several payment methods stated that funds supported only the tracker and offered time limited benefits to donors such as no advertisements and VIP status 68 After that the link was removed from the home page 69 and the donations page only recommended donating to your local pro piracy group for a time 70 after which it redirected to the site s main page Billboard claimed that the site in 2009 appeals for donations to keep its service running 71 In 2006 Petter Nilsson a candidate on the Swedish political reality show Toppkandidaterna The Top Candidates donated 35 000 Swedish kronor US 4 925 83 to The Pirate Bay which they used to buy new servers 72 73 In 2007 the site ran a fund intended to buy Sealand a platform with debated micronation status 74 In 2009 the convicted principals of TPB requested that users stop trying to donate money for their fines because they refused to pay them 75 76 In 2013 The Pirate Bay published its Bitcoin address on the site front page for donations 77 as well as Litecoin 78 Merchandising Edit The site links to an online store selling site related merchandise first noted in 2006 in Svenska Dagbladet 79 80 Advertising Edit Since 2006 the website has received financing through advertisements on result pages According to speculations by Svenska Dagbladet the advertisements generate about 600 000 kronor 84 000 per month 81 82 In an investigation in 2006 the police concluded that The Pirate Bay brings in 1 2 million kronor 169 000 per year from advertisements 83 The prosecution estimated in the 2009 trial from emails and screenshots that the advertisements pay over 10 million kronor 1 4 million a year 84 but the indictment used the estimate from the police investigation 85 The lawyers of the site s administrators counted the 2006 revenue closer to 725 000 kronor 102 000 86 The verdict of the first trial however quoted the estimate from the preliminary investigation 87 As of 2008 update IFPI claims that the website is extremely profitable and that The Pirate Bay is more engaged in making profit than supporting people s rights 88 The website has insisted that these allegations are not true stating It s not free to operate a Web Site on this scale and If we were making lots of money I Svartholm wouldn t be working late at the office tonight I d be sitting on a beach somewhere working on my tan 89 In response to claims of annual revenue exceeding 3 million made by the IFPI the site s spokesman Peter Sunde argues that the website s high bandwidth power and hardware costs eliminate the potential for profit The Pirate Bay he says may ultimately be operating at a loss 88 In the 2009 trial the defence estimated the site s yearly expenses to be 800 000 kronor 110 000 86 There have been unintentional advertisers In 2007 an online ad agency placed Wal Mart The Simpsons DVD ads along with search results that included downloads of the series 90 In 2012 banner ads for Canada s Department of Finance Economic Action Plan were placed atop search results as part of a larger media buy but were pulled quickly 91 92 Cryptocurrency mining Edit In 2017 The Pirate Bay embedded scripts on its website that would consume resources on visitors computers in order to mine the Monero cryptocurrency Visitors were initially not informed that these scripts had been added 93 After negative feedback the operators published an announcement stating that it was a test to see if it could replace advertisements 94 The mining script appeared and disappeared from the website repeatedly over the following months through 2018 95 Fee Edit According to the site s usage policy it reserves the right to charge commercial policy violators a basic fee of 5 000 plus bandwidth and other costs that may arise due to the violation 96 Co founder Peter Sunde accused Swedish book publishers who scraped the site for information about copyrighted books of violating the usage policy and asserted TPB s copyright on its database 97 Projects Edit nbsp Jubilee on the homepage 31 January 2008 98 The team behind The Pirate Bay has worked on several websites and software projects of varying degrees of permanence In 2007 BayImg an image hosting website similar to TinyPic went online in June 99 100 Pre publication images posted to BayImg became part of a legal battle when Conde Nast s network was later allegedly hacked 101 102 In July within hours after Ingmar Bergman s death BergmanBits com was launched listing torrents for the director s films 99 103 104 online until mid 2008 105 In August The Pirate Bay relaunched the BitTorrent website Suprnova org to perform the same functions as The Pirate Bay with different torrent trackers but the site languished the domain was returned to its original owner in August 2010 and it now redirects to TorrentFreak tv 106 107 Suprbay org was introduced in August as the official forum for ThePirateBay org and the various sites connected to it Users can request reseeding of torrents or report malware within torrent files or illegal material on ThePirateBay org 108 109 BOiNK was announced in October 2007 in response to the raid on Oink s Pink Palace a music oriented BitTorrent website 110 A month later Sunde cancelled BOiNK citing the many new music websites created since the downfall of OiNK 111 A Mac dashboard widget was released in December listing top 10 stuff currently on TPB either per category or the full list 112 113 SlopsBox a disposable email address anti spam service also appeared in December 114 115 and was reviewed in 2009 116 117 nbsp Political cartoon criticising the entertainment industry on the main page of TPBIn 2008 Baywords was launched as a free blogging service that lets users of the site blog about anything as long as it does not break any Swedish laws 118 In December The Pirate Bay resurrected ShareReactor as a combined eD2k and BitTorrent site 119 The same month the Vio mobile video converter was released designed to convert video files for playback on mobile devices such as iPhone BlackBerry Android many Nokia and Windows Mobile devices 120 In 2009 Pastebay a note sharing service 121 similar to Pastebin was made available to the public as of 23 March 122 123 The Video Bay video streaming sharing site was announced in June to be The YouTube Killer with content viewable in HTML 5 capable browsers 124 125 The site was in an Extreme Beta phase a message on the homepage instructed the user don t expect anything to work at all 126 The Video Bay was never completed and as of 28 April 2013 The Video Bay is inaccessible nbsp A contest by Project Chanology advertised at The Pirate Bay in December 2009On 18 April 2011 Pirate Bay temporarily changed its name to Research Bay collaborating with P2P researchers of the Lund University Cybernorms group in a large poll of P2P users 127 The researchers published their results online on The Survey Bay as a public Creative Commons project in 2013 128 129 130 In January 2012 the site announced The Promo Bay doodles by selected musicians artists and others could be rotated onto the site s front page at a future date 131 132 Brazilian novelist Paulo Coelho was promoted offering a collection of his books for free download 133 By November 10 000 artists were reported to have signed up 134 TPB preserves a dated collection of exhibited logos 135 On 2 December 2012 some ISPs in the UK such as BT Virgin Media and BE started blocking The Promo Bay 136 but stopped a few days later when the BPI reversed its position 137 Purchases Edit In January 2007 when the micronation of Sealand was put up for sale the ACFI and The Pirate Bay tried to buy it The Sealand government however did not want to be involved with The Pirate Bay as it was their opinion that file sharing represented theft of proprietary rights 138 139 A new plan was formed to buy an island instead but this too was never implemented despite the website having raised US 25 000 15 000 in donations for this cause 140 The P2P news blog TorrentFreak reported on 12 October 2007 that the Internet domain ifpi com which previously belonged to the International Federation of the Phonographic Industry an anti piracy organisation had been acquired by The Pirate Bay When asked about how they got hold of the domain Sunde told TorrentFreak It s not a hack someone just gave us the domain name We have no idea how they got it but it s ours and we re keeping it The website was renamed The International Federation of Pirates Interests 141 However the IFPI filed a complaint with the World Intellectual Property Organization shortly thereafter which subsequently ordered The Pirate Bay to return the domain name to the IFPI 142 Cryptocurrency Edit On 12 May 2021 The Pirate Bay launched Pirate Token a BEP 20 token to be used to sustain its community and develop tools for the website 143 144 Incidents EditMay 2006 raid Edit Main article The Pirate Bay 2006 raid On 31 May 2006 a raid against The Pirate Bay and people involved with the website took place as ordered by Swedish judge Tomas Norstrom later the presiding judge of the 2009 trial prompted by allegations of copyright violations Police officers shut down the website and confiscated its servers as well as all other servers hosted by The Pirate Bay s Internet service provider PRQ The company is owned by two operators of The Pirate Bay Three people Gottfrid Svartholm Mikael Viborg and Fredrik Neij were held by the police for questioning but were released later that evening 145 All servers in the room were seized including those running the website of Piratbyran an independent organisation fighting for file sharing rights as well as servers unrelated to The Pirate Bay or other file sharing activities Equipment such as hardware routers switches blank CDs and fax machines were also seized 146 The Motion Picture Association of America MPAA wrote in a press release Since filing a criminal complaint in Sweden in November 2004 the film industry has worked vigorously with Swedish and U S government officials in Sweden to shut this illegal website down MPAA CEO Dan Glickman also stated Intellectual property theft is a problem for film industries all over the world and we are glad that the local government in Sweden has helped stop The Pirate Bay from continuing to enable rampant copyright theft on the Internet The MPAA press release set forth its justification for the raid and claimed that there were three arrests however the individuals were not actually arrested only held for questioning The release also reprinted John G Malcolm s allegation that The Pirate Bay was making money from the distribution of copyrighted material a criticism denied by the Pirate Bay 147 After the raid The Pirate Bay displayed a message that confirmed that the Swedish police had executed search warrants for breach of copyright law or assisting such a breach The closure message initially caused some confusion because on 1 April 2005 April Fools Day The Pirate Bay had posted a similar message as a prank stating that they were unavailable due to a raid by the Swedish Anti Piracy Bureau and IFPI Piratbyran set up a temporary news blog to inform the public about the incident 148 On 2 June 2006 The Pirate Bay was available once again with their logo depicting a pirate ship firing cannonballs at the Hollywood Sign 149 The Pirate Bay has servers in both Belgium and Russia for future use in case of another raid 150 According to The Pirate Bay in the two years following the raid it grew from 1 million to 2 7 million registered users and from 2 5 million to 12 million peers 11 The Pirate Bay now claims over 5 million active users 151 Sweden s largest technology museum the Swedish National Museum of Science and Technology acquired one of the confiscated servers in 2009 and exhibited it for having great symbolic value as a big problem or a big opportunity 152 Autopsy photos Edit In September 2008 the Swedish media reported that the public preliminary investigation protocols concerning a child murder case known as the Arboga case had been made available through a torrent on The Pirate Bay In Sweden preliminary investigations became publicly available the moment a lawsuit is filed and can be ordered from the court by any individual The document included pictures from the autopsy of the two murdered children which caused their father Nicklas Jangestig to urge the website to have the pictures removed 153 The Pirate Bay refused to remove the torrent The number of downloads increased to about 50 000 a few days later 154 On 11 September 2008 the website s press contact Peter Sunde participated in the debate program Debatt on the public broadcaster SVT Sunde had agreed to participate on the condition that the father Nicklas Jangestig would not take part in the debate Jangestig ultimately did participate in the program by telephone which made Sunde feel betrayed by SVT 155 This caused The Pirate Bay to suspend all of its press contacts the following day 156 I don t think it s our job to judge if something is ethical or unethical or what other people want to put out on the internet said The Pirate Bay s spokesperson Peter Sunde to TV4 157 Legal issues Edit In September 2007 a large number of internal emails were leaked from anti piracy company MediaDefender by an anonymous hacker Some of the leaked emails discussed hiring hackers to perform DDoS attacks on The Pirate Bay s servers and trackers 158 In response to the leak The Pirate Bay filed charges in Sweden against MediaDefender clients Twentieth Century Fox Sweden AB EMI Sweden AB Universal Music Group Sweden AB Universal Pictures Nordic AB Paramount Home Entertainment Sweden AB Atari Nordic AB Activision Nordic Ubisoft Sweden AB Sony BMG Music Entertainment Sweden AB and Sony Pictures Home Entertainment Nordic AB 159 but the charges were not pursued 158 MediaDefender s stocks fell sharply after this incident and several media companies withdrew from the service after the company announced the leak had caused 825 000 in losses 160 Later The Pirate Bay co founder Peter Sunde accused police investigator Jim Keyzer of a conflict of interest when he declined to investigate MediaDefender Keyzer later accepted a job for MPAA member studio Warner Brothers 161 The leaked emails revealed that other MPAA member studios hired MediaDefender to pollute The Pirate Bay s torrent database 162 In an official letter to the Swedish Minister of Justice the International Olympic Committee IOC requested assistance from the Swedish government to prevent The Pirate Bay from distributing video clips of the Beijing Olympics The IOC claimed there were more than one million downloads of footage from the Olympics mostly of the opening ceremony The Pirate Bay however did not take anything down and temporarily renamed the website to The Beijing Bay 163 nbsp Protestors showing support for The Pirate Bay on the first day of the trialThe trial against the men behind the Pirate Bay started in Sweden on 16 February 2009 They were accused of breaking Swedish copyright law 164 The defendants however continued to be confident about the outcome 165 Half the charges against The Pirate Bay were dropped on the second day of the trial 166 The three operators of the site and their one investor Carl Lundstrom were convicted in Stockholm district court on 17 April 2009 and sentenced to one year in jail each and a total of 30 million kronor 3 6 million 2 7 million 2 4 million sterling in fines and damages 167 The defendants lawyers appealed to the Svea Court of Appeal and requested a retrial in the district court alleging bias on the part of judge Tomas Norstrom 168 On 13 May 2009 several record companies again sued Neij Svartholm Sunde and also The Pirate Bay s main internet service provider Black Internet They required enforcement for ending The Pirate Bay s accessory to copyright infringement that had not stopped despite the court order in April and in the complaint listed several pages of works being shared with the help of the site The suit was joined by several major film companies on 30 July 169 170 The Stockholm district court ruled on 21 August that Black Internet must stop making available the specific works mentioned in the judgment or face a 500 000 kronor fine 171 The company was notified of the order on 24 August and they complied with it on the same day by disconnecting The Pirate Bay 172 Computer Sweden noted that the judgment did not order The Pirate Bay to be disconnected but the ISP had no other option for stopping the activity on the site 173 It was the first time in Sweden for an ISP to be forced to stop providing access for a website 174 175 176 A public support fund fronted by the CEO of the ISP was set up to cover the legal fees of an appeal 177 Pirate Party leader Rickard Falkvinge submitted the case for Parliamentary Ombudsman review criticising the court s order to make intermediaries responsible for relayed content and to assign active crime prevention tasks to a private party 178 179 On 28 October 2009 the Stockholm District Court ordered a temporary injunction on Neij and Svartholm with a penalty of 500 000 kronor each forbidding them from participating in the operation of The Pirate Bay s website or trackers 180 181 On 21 May 2010 the Svea Court of Appeal decided not to change the orders on Black Internet or Neij and Svartholm 182 183 On 1 February 2012 the Supreme Court of Sweden refused to hear an appeal in the conviction case and agreed with the decision of the Svea Court of Appeal which had upheld the sentences in November 2011 184 On 2 September 2012 Pirate Bay co founder Gottfrid Svartholm Warg was arrested in Cambodia He was detained in Phnom Penh by officers executing an international warrant issued against him in April after he did not turn up to serve a one year jail sentence for copyright violations 185 On 24 December 2012 administrators of TPB changed the homepage to urge users to send Warg in jail gifts and letters In March 2013 The Pirate Bay claimed in a blog post that it had moved its servers to North Korea The incident turned out to be a hoax 130 In April 2013 within a week The Pirate Bay had moved its servers from Greenland to Iceland to St Martin either in response to legal threats or preemptively 186 In December 2013 the site changed its domain to ac Ascension Island following the seizure of the sx domain 187 On 12 December the site moved to pe Peru 188 on 18 December to gy Guyana 189 Following the site s suspension from the gy domain on 19 December The Pirate Bay returned to se Sweden which it had previously occupied between February 2012 and April 2013 190 Trial Edit Main article The Pirate Bay trial The Pirate Bay trial was a joint criminal and civil prosecution in Sweden of four individuals charged for promoting the copyright infringement of others with The Pirate Bay site 191 192 The criminal charges were supported by a consortium of intellectual rights holders led by IFPI who filed individual civil compensation claims against the owners of The Pirate Bay 193 Swedish prosecutors filed charges on 31 January 2008 against Fredrik Neij Gottfrid Svartholm and Peter Sunde and Carl Lundstrom a Swedish businessman who through his businesses sold services to the site The prosecutor claimed the four worked together to administer host and develop the site and thereby facilitated other people s breach of copyright law Some 34 cases of copyright infringements were originally listed of which 21 were related to music files 9 to movies and 4 to games 192 One case involving music files was later dropped by the copyright holder who made the file available again on The Pirate Bay site In addition claims for damages of 117 million kronor 13 million 12 5 million were filed 194 The case was decided jointly by a judge and three appointed lay judges 195 196 According to Swedish media the lead judge judge Norstrom was a member of the Swedish Copyright Association and sat on the board of the Swedish Association for the Protection of Industrial Property but denied that his involvement constituted a conflict of interest 197 The trial started on 16 February 2009 in the district court tingsratt of Stockholm Sweden The hearings ended on 3 March 2009 and the verdict was announced at 11 00 am on Friday 17 April 2009 Peter Sunde Fredrik Neij Gottfrid Svartholm and Carl Lundstrom were all found guilty and sentenced to serve one year in prison and pay a fine of 30 million Swedish krona app 2 7 million or US 3 5 million All of the defendants appealed the verdict The appeal trial concluded on 15 October 2010 198 and the verdict was announced on 26 November The appeal court shortened sentences of three of the defendants who appeared in court that day Neij s sentence was reduced to 10 months Sunde s to eight and Lundstrom s to four However the fine was increased from 32 to 46 million kronor 199 On 1 February 2012 the Supreme Court of Sweden refused to hear an appeal in the case prompting the site to change its official domain name to thepiratebay se from thepiratebay org The move to a se domain was claimed to prevent susceptibility to US laws from taking control of the site 200 On 9 April 2013 the site changed its domain name to thepiratebay gl under the Greenland TLD in anticipation of possible seizure by Swedish authorities of its se domain 201 The change proved to be short lived as the site returned to the se domain on 12 April 2013 after being blocked on the gl domain by Tele Post which administers domains in Greenland Tele Post cited a Danish court ruling that the site was in violation of copyright laws 202 Founders Svartholm Neij and Sunde were all released after having finished serving their sentences by 2015 3 Service issues Edit In May 2007 The Pirate Bay was attacked by a group of hackers 203 They copied the user database which included over 1 5 million users The Pirate Bay claimed to its users that the data was of no value and that passwords and e mails were encrypted and hashed Some blogs stated that a group known as the AUH Arga Unga Hackare Swedish for Angry Young Hackers were suspected of executing the attack however the AUH stated on the Computer Sweden newspaper that they were not involved and would take revenge on those responsible for the attack 204 205 On 27 April 2009 the website of The Pirate Bay had fibre IPv4 connectivity issues There was widespread speculation this was a forced outage from the Swedish anti piracy group accelerated somewhat by TPB adding contact details for the Swedish anti piracy group s lawyers to its RIPE database record 206 207 The site and its forums were still available via IPv6 at the time 208 On 24 August 2009 one of The Pirate Bay s upstream providers was ordered to discontinue service for the website by a Swedish court in response to a civil action brought by several entertainment companies including Disney Universal Time Warner Columbia Sony NBC and Paramount 139 According to the TPB Blog this caused a downtime of 3 hours 209 however some users were unable to access the site immediately following the relocation due to unrelated technical difficulties The site was fully operational again for everyone within 24 hours 210 On 6 October 2009 one of the IP transit providers to The Pirate Bay blocked all Pirate Bay traffic causing an outage for most users around the world 211 The same day the site was reportedly back online at an IP address at CyberBunker located in the Netherlands 212 It is not known whether The Pirate Bay is actually located at CyberBunker or whether they are using the CyberBunker service that routes CyberBunker IP addresses to any datacenter around the world These routes are not visible to the outside world CyberBunker was given a court injunction on 17 May 2010 taking the site offline briefly 17 later that day hosting was restored by Sweden s Pirate Party 213 214 Former spokesman for the Pirate Bay Peter Sunde commented that it would now be very difficult to stop the site because it would now be seen as political censorship if anyone tries to shut it down 215 On 8 July 2010 a group of Argentine hackers gained access to The Pirate Bay s administration panel through a security breach via the backend of The Pirate Bay website They were able to delete torrents and expose users IP addresses emails and MD5 hashed passwords The Pirate Bay was taken offline for upgrades Users visiting the website were met by the following message Upgrading some stuff database is in use for backups soon back again Btw it s nice weather outside I think 216 217 On 16 May 2012 The Pirate Bay experienced a major DDoS attack causing the site to be largely inaccessible worldwide for around 24 hours The Pirate Bay said that it did not know who was behind the attack although it had its suspicions 218 On 5 May 2015 The Pirate Bay went offline for several hours apparently as a result of not properly configuring its SSL certificate 219 220 Acquisition discussion Edit On 30 June 2009 Swedish advertising company Global Gaming Factory X AB announced their intention to buy the site for 60 million kronor approximately US 8 5 million 30 million kronor in cash 30 million kronor in GGF shares 221 222 The Pirate Bay founders stated that the profits from the sale would be placed in an offshore account where it would be used to fund projects pertaining to freedom of speech freedom of information and the openness of the Internet 221 222 223 224 Assurances were made that no personal data will be transferred in the eventual sale since no personal data is kept 225 Global Gaming Chief Executive Hans Pandeya commented on the site s future by saying We would like to introduce models which entail that content providers and copyright owners get paid for content that is downloaded via the site and announced that users would be charged a monthly fee for access to The Pirate Bay Global Gaming Factory s letter of intent expired at the end of September 2009 without the transaction having taken place This may be due to the company s financial difficulties PC World magazine regarded the deal s future as doomed 226 December 2014 raid Edit nbsp The Hydra Bay logo occasionally displayed on the official websiteOn 9 December 2014 police in Stockholm raided the company s premises and seized servers and other computers and equipment which resulted in the website going offline The raid was in response to a complaint from Rights Alliance a Swedish anti piracy group 6 The Pirate Bay was one of many peer to peer and torrent related websites and apps that went down 26 27 28 29 30 One member of the crew was arrested Torrent Freak reported that most other torrent sites reported a 5 10 increase in traffic from the displaced users 227 though the shutdown had little effect on overall piracy levels 228 229 In retaliation to the raid a group of hackers claiming to be part of Anonymous allegedly leaked email log in details of Swedish government officials 230 The Pirate Bay co founder Peter Sunde commented in a blog post that he was happy to see the website shut down believing his successors have done nothing to improve the site 231 criticising in particular the increased use of advertisements 232 IsoHunt has since copied much of the original TPB database and made it accessible through oldpiratebay org a searchable index of old Pirate Bay torrents 33 34 232 IsoHunt also released a tool called The Open Bay to allow users to deploy their own version of the Pirate Bay website 233 The tool is responsible for around 372 mirror sites 234 Since 17 December 2014 The Pirate Bay s Facebook page has been unavailable 229 235 On 22 December 2014 a website was resumed at the domain thepiratebay se showing a flip clock with the length of time in days and hours that the site had been offline and a waving pirate flag 236 From this day TPB was hosted for a period in Moldova 236 on Trabia Network Moldo German company servers The Pirate Bay then began using the services of CloudFlare a company which offers reverse proxy services 237 On 1 January 2015 the website presented a countdown to 1 February 2015 238 239 The website returned with a prominent phoenix logo displayed at the domain thepiratebay se on 31 January 2015 240 Error 522 downtimes Edit Beginning in October 2018 the clearnet Pirate Bay website started to be inaccessible in some locations around the world showing Error 522 As the result direct visits to the website dropped by more than 32 percent in October The incident was found to be unrelated to internet provider blocking or domain name problem but the exact cause has not been determined The site s Tor domain and proxies remained unaffected 241 The Error 522 problem occurred again in early March 2020 with the site s admins unable to say when it would be resolved 242 After one month the site s functionality was restored with an update of the domain records and the Cloudflare nameservers 243 Censorship and controversies EditSee also Internet censorship and Internet censorship and surveillance by country Anti copyright movement Edit Main article Opposition to copyright The Pirate Bay has sparked controversies and discussion about legal aspects of file sharing copyright and civil liberties and has become a platform for political initiatives against established intellectual property laws and a central figure in an anti copyright movement 2 The website faced several shutdowns and domain seizures which did little to take the site offline as it simply switched to a series of new web addresses and continued to operate 3 Domain blocking by countries Edit Main article Countries blocking access to The Pirate BayThe Pirate Bay s website has been blocked in some countries despite the relative ease by which such blocks can be circumvented in most countries While the URL to the Pirate Bay itself has been blocked in these countries numerous mirror websites emerged to make the website available at different URLs routing traffic around the block 244 245 246 According to Google chairman Eric Schmidt government plans to block access to illicit filesharing websites could set a disastrous precedent for freedom of speech he also expressed that Google would fight attempts to restrict access to sites such as the Pirate Bay 247 Sweden Edit On 13 February 2017 Sweden s Patent and Market Court of Appeal decided that the broadband provider Bredbandsbolaget must block its customers from accessing file sharing site The Pirate Bay overruling a district court ruling to the contrary from 2015 This is the first time a site was openly blocked in Sweden The rest of the ISPs are expected to follow the same court orders 248 249 The ISP Telia was mandated to block the Pirate bay through a dynamic injunction on 12 December 2019 250 This means that when the rights holders find a website IP and URL for the Pirate Bay they can inform Telia who are legally required to block it in 2 3 weeks 251 Telia objected to this blocking order and attempted to appeal the injunction but lost on 29 June 2020 and must maintain the dynamic injunction for 3 years 252 253 Censorship by corporations Edit Facebook Edit After The Pirate Bay introduced a feature in March 2009 to easily share links to torrents on the social networking site Facebook Wired found in May that Facebook had started blocking the links On further inspection they discovered that all messages containing links to The Pirate Bay in both public and in private messages regardless of content were being blocked Electronic Frontier Foundation lawyers commented that Facebook might be working against the US Electronic Communications Privacy Act by intercepting user messages but Facebook chief privacy officer Chris Kelly said that they have the right to use blocks on links where there is a demonstrated disregard for intellectual property rights following users agreement on their terms of service Links to other similar sites have not been blocked 254 255 256 Microsoft Edit In March 2012 Microsoft blocked Windows Live Messenger messages containing links to The Pirate Bay When a user sends an instant message that contains a link to The Pirate Bay Windows Live Messenger prompts a warning and claims Blocked as it was reported unsafe We block instant messages if they contain malicious or spam URLs based on intelligence algorithms third party sources and or user complaints Pirate Bay URLs were flagged by one or more of these and were consequently blocked Microsoft told The Register in an emailed statement 257 258 In media EditThe Pirate Bay is featured in Steal This Film 2006 a documentary series about society and filesharing produced by The League of Noble Peers in the Danish Documentary Good Copy Bad Copy which explores the issues surrounding file copyright and the documentary TPB AFK The Pirate Bay has been a topic on the US syndicated NPR radio show On the Media 259 260 Bjorn Ulvaeus member of the Swedish pop music group ABBA criticised copyright infringing activities of The Pirate Bay supporters as lazy and mean 193 261 In contrast Brazilian best selling author Paulo Coelho has embraced free sharing online Coelho supports The Pirate Bay and offered to be a witness in the 2009 trial He accounts much of his growing sales to his work shared on the Internet and comments that a person who does not share is not only selfish but bitter and alone 262 263 264 265 See also Edit nbsp Internet portal nbsp Freedom of speech portalComparison of BitTorrent sites Copyleft Criticism of copyright Home Taping Is Killing Music Internet freedom IPredator Njalla Piracy is theft Pirate Party Sci Hub network of pirated research papers Sci Hub can instantly provide access to more than two thirds of all scholarly articles Steal This FilmReferences Edit Pirate Bay hit with legal action BBC News 31 January 2008 Archived from the original on 9 November 2020 Retrieved 22 August 2016 a b Jessica L Beyer Expect Us Online Communities and Political Mobilization Page 65 Oxford University Press 3 July 2014 ISBN 9780199330751 a b c d Gibbs Samuel 2 June 2015 Last remaining Pirate Bay founder freed from jail The Guardian Archived from the original on 23 October 2020 Retrieved 22 August 2016 Ricknas Mikael 11 March 2010 Pirate Bay Appeals Looks Set to Start in September PC World Archived from the original on 3 June 2016 Van Der Sar Ernesto 22 December 2012 Pirate Bay Censorship Backfires as New Proxies Bloom TorrentFreak Archived from the original on 22 April 2014 a b Gibbs Samuel 10 December 2014 Swedish police raid sinks The Pirate Bay The Guardian Archived from the original on 23 October 2020 Retrieved 20 December 2014 Moscaritolo Angela 8 December 2014 Pirate Bay Apps Yanked From Google Play PC Magazine Archived from the original on 12 January 2015 Retrieved 1 February 2015 The Pirate Bay breaches BT s ban of the filesharing site BBC News 22 June 2012 Archived from the original on 24 March 2015 Retrieved 1 February 2015 Dredge Stuart 12 August 2013 Pirate Bay launches own PirateBrowser to evade ISP filesharing blocks The Guardian Archived from the original on 6 January 2015 Retrieved 1 February 2015 Peckham Matt 12 August 2013 How The Pirate Bay s Anti Censorship PirateBrowser Works Time Archived from the original on 6 November 2021 Retrieved 10 December 2014 a b Username In memory of tracker data 31 May 2008 Two years and still going TPB Blog The Pirate Bay Archived from the original on 22 April 2014 Retrieved 29 September 2008 Murphy David 31 January 2015 The Pirate Bay Returns but What About its Staff PCMag UK Archived from the original on 21 December 2021 Retrieved 21 October 2016 Lindvall Helienne 5 February 2013 Pirate sites are raking in advertising money from some multinationals The Guardian Archived from the original on 21 December 2021 Retrieved 21 October 2016 Username enigmax The Pirate Bay Trial The Official Verdict Guilty TorrentFreak Archived from the original on 22 April 2014 Retrieved 17 April 2009 Pirate Bay guilty The Local 17 April 2009 Archived from the original on 21 December 2021 Retrieved 6 December 2018 Devlin Rita 26 November 2010 Prison terms of Pirate Bay executives shortened Agence France Presse Archived from the original on 28 November 2010 Retrieved 26 November 2010 a b Essers Loek 17 May 2010 German Injunction Knocks The Pirate Bay Offline Temporarily PC World Archived from the original on 23 June 2012 Retrieved 18 May 2010 Van Der Sar Ernesto 23 June 2010 Pirate Bay s Founding Group Piratbyran Disbands TorrentFreak Archived from the original on 22 April 2014 Retrieved 24 June 2010 Hayhtio Tapio Rinne Jarmo 2008 Net Working Networking Citizen Initiated Internet Politics Tampere University Press p 344 ISBN 978 951 44 7464 4 Goodin Dan 21 February 2008 Wikileaks judge gets Pirate Bay treatment The Register Archived from the original on 17 October 2013 Van Der Sar Ernesto 23 May 2011 Comcast Offers Help to The Pirate Bay Problems Fixed TorrentFreak Archived from the original on 22 April 2014 Targeted Domain thepiratebay org Transparency Report Archived from the original on 27 May 2012 Retrieved 26 May 2012 Bilton Nick 10 August 2013 The Pirate Bay Offers Web Browser to Avoid Censorship The New York Times Blogs Archived from the original on 11 August 2013 Retrieved 10 August 2013 Top Sites in Torrent Directories and Trackers Alexa 29 April 2012 Archived from the original on 29 April 2012 Retrieved 14 November 2014 Google Joins Piracy Purge Pro Pirate Bay Apps Booted From Play Store Archived 16 August 2015 at the Wayback Machine Retrieved 9 December 2014 a b Zetter Kim 9 December 2014 Pirate Bay Has Been Raided and Taken Down Here s What We Know Wired Archived from the original on 12 November 2020 Retrieved 9 December 2014 a b c Username Andy 9 December 2014 Swedish Police Raid The Pirate Bay Site Offline TorrentFreak Archived from the original on 19 November 2020 Retrieved 9 December 2014 a b Aguilar Mario 9 December 2014 The Pirate Bay Raided By Police Site Down Gizmodo Archived from the original on 16 November 2020 Retrieved 10 December 2014 a b McCormick Rich 10 December 2014 The Pirate Bay goes offline after police raid server room File sharing site s homepage is mirrored at Costa Rica URL The Verge Archived from the original on 23 November 2020 Retrieved 10 December 2014 a b Barber Elizabeth 10 December 2014 Pirate Bay Goes Offline After a Raid in Sweden Time Archived from the original on 18 November 2020 Retrieved 10 December 2014 Van Der Sar Ernesto 11 December 2014 EZTV slowly recovers from Swedish police raid Archived from the original on 17 January 2023 Retrieved 29 January 2015 Mazumdar Tarum 12 December 2014 The Pirate Bay Remains Down While EZTV Recovers After The Police Raid in Nacka Report International Business Times Archived from the original on 12 December 2014 Retrieved 14 March 2022 a b Pirate Bay copy goes online after shutdown BBC News 15 December 2014 Archived from the original on 12 November 2020 Retrieved 21 June 2018 a b Pirate Bay revived by rival piracy site The Guardian 15 December 2014 Archived from the original on 12 November 2020 Retrieved 13 December 2016 SE acquitted domain names not to be forfeited by the foundation SE IIS se 19 May 2015 Archived from the original on 29 October 2015 Retrieved 3 June 2015 Griffin Andrew 19 May 2015 Pirate Bay down key domains seized but site likely to pop back up again elsewhere The Independent Archived from the original on 21 May 2015 Retrieved 20 May 2015 Pirate Bay seized by Swedish prosecutors and like the hydra it has spawned 6 new domains International Business Times 20 May 2015 Archived from the original on 22 May 2015 Retrieved 28 May 2015 Van Der Sar Ernesto 19 May 2015 Pirate Bay move to gs la vg am mn and gd domains TorrentFreak Archived from the original on 20 May 2015 Retrieved 20 May 2015 Larsson Linus 25 May 2015 Domen om piratebay se overklagas Dagens Nyheter Bonnier ABs Archived from the original on 9 September 2015 Retrieved 23 August 2015 Hovratten Piratebay se ska agas av staten DN SE Dagens Nyheter in Swedish 12 May 2016 Archived from the original on 6 December 2018 Retrieved 14 May 2016 Court Orders Pirate Bay Domains to be Forfeited to the State TorrentFreak 12 May 2016 Archived from the original on 6 December 2018 Retrieved 14 May 2016 Russon Mary Ann 23 May 2016 Pirate Bay loses hydra and se domains returning to original org address following legal challenges International Business Times UK Archived from the original on 24 May 2016 Retrieved 25 May 2016 Van Der Sar Ernesto 14 August 2016 Pirate Bay is The King of Torrents Once Again TorrentFreak Archived from the original on 7 January 2019 Retrieved 7 September 2016 Keene Jamie 13 January 2012 The Pirate Bay set to kill torrent files keep its service running with magnet links The Verge Archived from the original on 17 August 2012 Retrieved 23 August 2015 Browse torrents ThePirateBay org Archived from the original on 10 May 2014 Retrieved 1 February 2009 Van Der Sar Ernesto 24 January 2014 35 of all Pirate Bay uploads are porn TorrentFreak Archived from the original on 30 March 2014 Retrieved 22 February 2014 Van Der Sar Ernesto 2 September 2019 Pirate Bay Registrations Remain Closed After Three Months TorrentFreak Archived from the original on 17 January 2023 Retrieved 2 December 2021 Ludwig Sean 24 January 2012 The Pirate Bay launches crazy Physibles category for printing 3D objects Archived from the original on 9 November 2020 Retrieved 4 June 2015 Scott Katie 24 January 2012 The Pirate Bay adds physibles 3D printing category Archived from the original on 5 June 2015 Retrieved 4 June 2015 Username kopiermich 22 February 2008 All your bus are belong to us TPB Blog The Pirate Bay Archived from the original on 23 May 2012 Retrieved 28 January 2008 Lechner Marie 7 December 2007 La K7 bande encore The cassette tape again Liberation in French Archived from the original on 28 June 2011 Username JooiZe 21 November 2007 hypercube tracker by anakata ThePirateBay org Archived from the original on 22 April 2014 Retrieved 23 August 2015 Harrison Ann 13 March 2006 The Pirate Bay Here to Stay Wired Archived from the original on 31 October 2013 Retrieved 21 June 2008 Technical specifications The Pirate Bay Archived from the original on 8 November 2008 Retrieved 29 September 2008 Van Der Sar Ernesto 8 December 2007 The Pirate Bay Now Running on Opentracker TorrentFreak Archived from the original on 22 April 2014 Retrieved 29 November 2008 Roettgers Janko 15 July 2009 Post Pirate Bay a Federated Tracker Network Emerges Salon Archived from the original on 15 July 2009 opentracker An open and free bittorrent tracker Archived from the original on 12 January 2013 Original undated Opentracker is released under a beerware license Van Der Sar Ernesto 31 December 2008 Pirate Party fulfills Opentracker s Beerware license TorrentFreak Archived from the original on 22 April 2014 Mennecke Thomas 22 June 2008 SSL Encryption Coming to The Pirate Bay Slyck com Archived from the original on 22 April 2014 Retrieved 10 August 2008 Schofield Jack 23 June 2008 The Pirate Bay will use SSL to fight the law The Guardian Blogs London Archived from the original on 11 April 2012 Retrieved 13 June 2010 Username bkp 19 January 2009 IPv6 support The Pirate Bay Archived from the original on 22 April 2014 Retrieved 12 July 2010 Mennecke Thomas 17 November 2009 The Pirate Bay Trackers Go Offline Forever Slyck com Archived from the original on 5 May 2014 Retrieved 15 July 2010 Landes David 17 November 2009 Scrapping tracker may negate Pirate Bay fines The Local Archived from the original on 23 January 2013 Retrieved 15 July 2010 Estes Adam Clark 21 February 2012 The Pirate Bay s Downloading Ship Vows Never to Sink The Atlantic Archived from the original on 17 January 2023 Retrieved 15 January 2023 Van Der Sar Ernesto 28 February 2012 The Pirate Bay Now Without Torrents TorrentFreak Archived from the original on 22 April 2014 Retrieved 2 March 2012 Jibbenga Jan 7 May 2007 The Pirate Bay admits links with right wing benefactor The Register Archived from the original on 20 December 2013 Retrieved 28 September 2008 Lischka Konrad 4 May 2007 Piratenseite im Zwielicht Rechtspopulist finanziert Internet Tauschborse Der Spiegel in German Archived from the original on 15 September 2008 Retrieved 28 September 2008 English tr Archived 6 May 2020 at the Wayback Machine Donations The Pirate Bay Archived from the original on 9 October 2004 Retrieved 17 October 2012 Donations The Pirate Bay Archived from the original on 2 July 2006 Retrieved 17 October 2012 The Pirate Bay main page The Pirate Bay Archived from the original on 10 November 2017 Retrieved 10 November 2017 Donations The Pirate Bay Archived from the original on 6 August 2006 Retrieved 17 October 2012 Paine Andre 28 February 2009 Avast ye Hackers p 9 a href Template Cite book html title Template Cite book cite book a work ignored help Username tbz 5 May 2006 The First State Financed Tracker TPB Blog The Pirate Bay Archived from the original on 23 January 2010 Retrieved 17 October 2012 Petter vann Toppkandidaterna Petter won Best Candidates Dagens Nyheter in Swedish Bonnier ABs 13 March 2006 Archived from the original on 17 July 2020 Retrieved 20 October 2012 Reality stjerne giver praemie til fildelere Reality star gives premium to peers PC World in Danish International Data Group 14 March 2006 Archived from the original on 17 July 2020 Retrieved 10 November 2017 The Pirate Bay Wants to Buy Sealand TorrentFreak 12 January 2007 Archived from the original on 9 November 2020 Retrieved 10 November 2017 McEntegart Jane 21 April 2009 Pirate Bay No Donations We re Not Paying Tom s Hardware Retrieved 10 November 2017 TPB FTW TPB Blog The Pirate Bay 19 April 2009 Archived from the original on 29 April 2009 Retrieved 19 October 2012 Warr Philippa 23 April 2013 The Pirate Bay now accepting Bitcoin donations Wired Archived from the original on 22 April 2014 Retrieved 26 April 2013 The Pirate Bay Archived from the original on 5 December 2012 homepage Newspaper Attack on Bureau of Piracy Backfires TorrentFreak 29 July 2006 Archived from the original on 22 April 2014 Retrieved 18 October 2012 Valich Theo 13 May 2008 Pirate Bay opens a legal e store TG Daily Archived from the original on 21 April 2014 Retrieved 18 October 2012 Olsson Staffan 8 July 2006 Pirate Bay drar in miljonbelopp Svenska Dagbladet in Swedish Archived from the original on 2 October 2010 Retrieved 17 October 2010 English tr TPB Raking in Millions Rixstep 8 July 2006 Archived from the original on 21 July 2008 Retrieved 25 April 2009 Andersen Ivar 2 March 2009 Rattegangen mot The pirate bay Aklagaren yrkar pa fangelse Fria Tidningen in Swedish Archived from the original on 17 December 2020 Retrieved 3 March 2009 English tr Archived 17 July 2020 at the Wayback Machine Sundberg Sam 2 March 2009 TPB har tjanat tio miljoner om aret Svenska Dagbladet Blogs in Swedish Archived from the original on 24 December 2012 Retrieved 22 December 2012 English tr Swartz Oscar 2 March 2009 Var ar mina tio miljoner Nyheter24 in Swedish Archived from the original on 6 March 2009 Retrieved 20 April 2009 English tr Archived 22 December 2013 at the Wayback Machine a b Kuprijanko Alexander 3 March 2009 Forsvaret verksamheten ar laglig Sydsvenskan in Swedish Archived from the original on 18 March 2009 English tr Archived 6 May 2020 at the Wayback Machine Dom 17 April 2009 i mal nr B 13301 06 PDF SverigesRadio se in Swedish Stockholms Tingsratt Archived PDF from the original on 25 October 2012 a b Paul Ryan 1 February 2008 Pirate Bay big revenue claims fabricated by prosecutors Ars Technica Archived from the original on 12 January 2012 Retrieved 29 September 2008 Daly Steven March 2007 Pirates of the Multiplex Vanity Fair Archived from the original on 22 April 2014 Retrieved 14 February 2007 Learmonth Michael 9 January 2007 Wal Mart ads target pirates Variety Archived from the original on 27 April 2011 Retrieved 18 October 2012 Feds pull Yahoo ads after EAP banner shows up on The Pirate Bay Ottawa Citizen Blogs Postmedia Network 26 September 2012 Archived from the original on 30 September 2012 Retrieved 18 October 2012 Canadian Government Sponsored The Pirate Bay TorrentFreak 29 September 2012 Archived from the original on 22 April 2014 Retrieved 18 October 2012 The Pirate Bay Website Runs a Cryptocurrency Miner Updated TorrentFreak Archived from the original on 4 December 2021 Retrieved 4 December 2021 Miner 16 September 2017 Archived from the original on 23 September 2019 Pirate Bay is Mining Cryptocurrency Again But Forum Staff Aren t Worried TorrentFreak Archived from the original on 4 December 2021 Retrieved 4 December 2021 Usage policy for The Pirate Bay tracker system The Pirate Bay 4 July 2007 Archived from the original on 9 May 2014 Retrieved 18 October 2012 basic fee of EUR 5 000 plus bandwidth and other costs that may arise due to the violation Snyder Chris 26 September 2008 Pirate Bay Co Founder Accuses Book Publishers of Copyright Infringement Wired Archived from the original on 1 December 2012 Retrieved 18 October 2012 Doodles Archived from the original on 9 May 2014 thepiratebay org 31 January 2008 10 million peers 1 million torrents 2 5 million registered users 100 blog entries Jubilee a b Pruyn Rowald 3 August 2007 Pirate Bay scourge of Hollywood ZDnet nl in Dutch Ziff Davis Archived from the original on 24 July 2011 Retrieved 5 March 2013 English tr Archived 22 April 2014 at the Wayback Machine Username bkp aka fry 25 June 2007 Uncensored image hosting TPB Blog The Pirate Bay Archived from the original on 4 January 2012 Retrieved 28 September 2008 Kelly Keith J 30 December 2009 Conde subpoenas Google AT amp T in hacker fight New York Post Archived from the original on 23 March 2010 Retrieved 28 July 2010 BayImg BayIMG com Archived from the original on 3 May 2014 bkp 31 July 2007 The Pirate Bay The galaxy s most resilient bittorrent site TPB Blog Archived from the original on 22 April 2014 Retrieved 26 March 2018 Tribute to Ingmar Bergman BergmanBits com 31 July 2007 Archived from the original on 25 August 2007 Retrieved 5 March 2013 WPMU site defined on this host BergmanBits com 9 July 2008 Archived from the original on 9 July 2008 Retrieved 5 March 2013 Williams Chris 3 August 2007 Pirate Bay to resurrect Suprnova org The Register Archived from the original on 3 December 2010 Retrieved 29 September 2008 The Pirate Bay Says Goodbye to Suprnova Archived from the original on 22 April 2014 TorrentFreak 4 August 2010 Retrieved 10 August 2010 Username bkp 5 August 2007 Updates read this TPB Blog The Pirate Bay Archived from the original on 4 January 2012 Retrieved 13 July 2010 Announcement of blog The Pirate Bay Now Has a Forum TorrentFreak 5 August 2007 Archived from the original on 22 April 2014 Retrieved 13 July 2010 The Pirate Bay To Bring Back OiNK TorrentFreak 26 October 2007 Archived from the original on 22 April 2014 Retrieved 28 September 2008 Sunde Peter 24 November 2007 Instead of confusion music blog brokep com Archived from the original on 15 December 2007 Retrieved 13 July 2010 Username bkp 1 December 2007 Mac Widget TPB Blog The Pirate Bay Archived from the original on 7 July 2012 Retrieved 5 March 2013 Username Smaran 2 December 2007 The Pirate Bay Dashboard Widget for the Mac TorrentFreak Archived from the original on 12 May 2013 Retrieved 5 March 2013 Slopsbox announcement Forum SuprBay com The Pirate Bay 25 December 2007 Archived from the original on 30 July 2013 Retrieved 28 July 2010 Slopsbox Fight the spam Slopsbox com Archived from the original on 16 December 2007 Retrieved 13 July 2010 Bondarenko Sergey amp Marina 8 July 2009 Pochtovyj yashik na paru minut Mailbox for a couple of minutes 3dnews ru in Russian Archived from the original on 17 July 2010 Retrieved 28 July 2010 English tr Archived 22 April 2014 at the Wayback Machine As of July 2010 update Slopsbox is offline Sparkes Matthew 17 April 2008 Pirate Bay launches free speech blogging service PC Pro Archived from the original on 28 September 2008 Retrieved 29 September 2008 The Mighty ShareReactor Returns Now With Added Torrents TorrentFreak 17 December 2008 Archived from the original on 22 April 2014 Retrieved 25 September 2010 Van Der Sar Ernesto 20 December 2008 The Pirate Bay launches free mobile video converter TorrentFreak Archived from the original on 22 April 2014 Retrieved 13 July 2010 How to share notes and images using thepiratebay org satellite websites PasteBay and bayimg Computer Borders 13 April 2009 Archived from the original on 13 December 2009 PasteBay website Archived from the original on 7 February 2014 Pastebay Forum Suprbay org The Pirate Bay 28 March 2009 Archived from the original on 30 July 2013 First mention Pirate Bay starts video streaming BBC News 29 June 2009 Archived from the original on 10 August 2017 Retrieved 29 June 2009 Username Tequila TPB Crew 28 June 2009 TVB The Video Bay Forum Suprbay org The Pirate Bay Archived from the original on 23 July 2012 Retrieved 13 July 2010 The Video Bay would threaten Hulu and YouTube if it had a chance of actually working Obsessable 29 June 2009 Archived from the original on 30 October 2009 Retrieved 25 September 2010 Anderson Nate 18 April 2011 Pirate Bay becomes Research Bay to aid P2P researchers Ars Technica Archived from the original on 9 August 2011 Retrieved 5 March 2013 Woollacott Emma 29 August 2013 Survey Bay Releases File Sharing Data Online Forbes Archived from the original on 1 May 2014 Retrieved 31 August 2013 Researchers Launch The Survey Bay Largest Database of Information on Users of the Pirate Bay Techdirt 29 August 2013 Archived from the original on 4 April 2014 Retrieved 31 August 2013 a b Pirate Bay North Korea move a hoax News com au 7 March 2013 Archived from the original on 2 July 2013 Retrieved 7 March 2013 Neal Dave 16 January 2012 Pirate Bay offers artists promotion The Inquirer Archived from the original on 22 April 2014 a href Template Cite web html title Template Cite web cite web a CS1 maint unfit URL link The Pirate Bay Promotional Apparatus ThePirateBay se 16 January 2012 Archived from the original on 15 January 2012 Flood Alison 1 February 2012 Paulo Coelho calls on readers to pirate books The Guardian Archived from the original on 6 July 2013 Van Der Sar Ernesto 5 November 2012 10 000 Artists Sign Up for Pirate Bay Promotion TorrentFreak Archived from the original on 22 April 2014 Retrieved 10 November 2013 Doodles Archived from the original on 9 May 2014 image collection The Pirate Bay Van Der Sar Ernesto 2 December 2012 UK ISPs Block Pirate Bay s Artist Promotions TorrentFreak Archived from the original on 22 April 2014 Lee Dave 5 December 2012 Pirate Bay spin off site Promo Bay to be unblocked BBC News Archived from the original on 22 April 2014 Stroumboulopoulos George 16 January 2007 Prince of Sealand CBC News The Hour Archived from the original on 18 August 2009 a b Yam Marcus 22 January 2007 Sealand Prince Says No to PirateBay org DailyTech Archived from the original on 22 April 2014 Libbenga Jan 12 January 2007 The Pirate Bay plans to buy Sealand The Register Archived from the original on 3 December 2013 Retrieved 29 September 2008 Anti Piracy Organisation Domain IFPI com Now Owned by The Pirate Bay TorrentFreak 12 July 2007 Archived from the original on 22 April 2014 Retrieved 28 September 2008 Mennecke Thomas 30 November 2007 The Pirate Bay Loses IFPI com Domain Slyck Archived from the original on 5 May 2014 Retrieved 8 December 2007 The Pirate Bay The galaxy s most resilient bittorrent site Archived from the original on 27 June 2021 Retrieved 27 June 2021 Binance Transaction Hash Txhash Details BscScan Archived from the original on 27 June 2021 Retrieved 27 June 2021 Norton Quinn 16 August 2006 Secrets of The Pirate Bay Wired com Archived from the original on 16 March 2013 Retrieved 1 October 2008 Homepage ThePirateBay org 1 June 2006 Archived from the original on 5 December 2012 Retrieved 1 June 2006 The police officers were allowed access to the racks where the Pirate Bay servers and other servers are hosted All servers in the racks were clearly marked as to which sites run on each The police took down all servers in the racks including the non commercial site Piratbyran Swedish authorities sink Pirate Bay PDF Press release MPAA org 31 May 2006 Archived from the original PDF on 3 October 2009 Retrieved 27 September 2008 Piratbyran temporar nyhetsformedling Piratbyran blogspot com in Swedish 1 May 2006 Archived from the original on 4 December 2020 Retrieved 28 September 2008 English tr Archived 6 September 2013 at the Wayback Machine Bowman John 9 June 2006 The Pirate Bay Canadian Broadcasting Corporation Archived from the original on 10 September 2013 Retrieved 29 September 2008 Libbenga Jan 5 June 2006 Pirate Bay resurfaces while protesters walk the street The Register Archived from the original on 3 October 2007 Retrieved 1 October 2008 Sarno David 29 April 2007 The Internet sure loves its outlaws Los Angeles Times Archived from the original on 21 August 2011 Retrieved 28 September 2008 The Pirate Bays server pa Tekniska museet Archived 3 October 2016 at the Wayback Machine in Swedish Swedish National Museum of Science and Technology February 2009 English page Archived from the original on 21 July 2011 Arboga autopsy photos on The Pirate Bay The Local 5 September 2008 Archived from the original on 7 April 2013 Retrieved 29 September 2008 Censur in Swedish ThePirateBay org Archived from the original on 23 January 2009 Retrieved 12 September 2008 Debatt ber Pirate Bay om ursakt SVT in Swedish 12 September 2008 Archived from the original on 9 October 2012 Retrieved 29 September 2008 Username signing out bkp 12 September 2008 No more media relations TPB Blog The Pirate Bay Archived from the original on 4 January 2012 Retrieved 27 September 2008 Forundersokning om Arbogamorden sprids pa The Pirate Bay Dagens Nyheter in Swedish Bonnier AB 5 September 2008 Archived from the original on 18 June 2009 Retrieved 21 November 2013 a b Graham Flora 16 February 2009 How The Pirate Bay sailed into infamy BBC News Archived from the original on 19 April 2009 Hallerod Mia Wiklander Daniel 24 September 2007 Pirate Bay till attack mot skiv och filmbranschen Dagens Nyheter in Swedish Bonnier AB Archived from the original on 5 October 2010 Retrieved 28 September 2008 Van Der Sar Ernesto 22 December 2007 MediaDefender Stock Plunges Due to Leaked Emails TorrentFreak Archived from the original on 22 April 2014 Retrieved 28 September 2008 Jim Keyzer Copyriot in Swedish 16 March 2008 Archived from the original on 22 April 2008 Retrieved 28 September 2008 English tr Archived 6 September 2013 at the Wayback Machine Kravets David 22 October 2007 Exclusive I Was a Hacker for the MPAA Wired Archived from the original on 22 October 2013 Retrieved 26 March 2018 Kravets David 18 August 2008 Pirate Bay Renamed Beijing Bay After Olympics Tracking Wired Archived from the original on 7 November 2012 Retrieved 29 September 2008 Pirate Bay file sharing defended BBC News 16 February 2009 Archived from the original on 27 February 2009 BBC News 16 February 2009 Nordstrom Louise 15 January 2009 Pirate Bay file sharing trial to start in Sweden The Daily Telegraph London Associated Press Archived from the original on 19 February 2009 Retrieved 16 January 2009 Pirate Bay joy at charge change BBC News 17 February 2009 Archived from the original on 21 February 2009 Retrieved 25 May 2010 Ritter Karl 17 April 2009 4 convicted in Pirate Bay file sharing trial USA Today Associated Press Archived from the original on 15 March 2016 Retrieved 16 September 2017 Pirate Bay lawyer calls for retrial The Local 23 April 2009 Archived from the original on 24 July 2013 Retrieved 27 April 2009 Vinthagen Simpson Peter 28 July 2009 Pirate Bay facing new suit from US film giants The Local Archived from the original on 8 October 2012 Record companies take aim at Pirate Bay links The Independent London 20 May 2009 Archived from the original on 21 April 2014 Retrieved 25 May 2010 Ruling in case number T 7540 09 and T 11712 09 Archived 20 November 2018 at the Wayback Machine PDF Swedish Stockholm district court 21 August 2009 Benholm Sofia 24 August 2009 The Pirate Bay ar borta fran natet SvT se in Swedish Sveriges Television Archived from the original on 9 October 2012 Goldberg Daniel 24 August 2009 Sa tanker tingsratten ComputerSweden IDG se Computer Sweden in Swedish International Data Group Archived from the original on 21 April 2014 Efendic Negra 25 August 2009 Forskare ser flera principiella problem med tingsrattens beslut Svenska Dagbladet in Swedish Archived from the original on 28 August 2009 Soderling Fredrik 25 August 2009 Internet blir mindre fritt Dagens Nyheter in Swedish Bonnier AB Archived from the original on 31 July 2010 Hielle Lars Peter 14 September 2009 TPB operator overklagar SR se in Swedish Sveriges Radio P3 Archived from the original on 17 February 2010 Ricknas Mikael 18 September 2009 The Pirate Bay plugs defense fund for former ISP News IDG no International Data Group Archived from the original on 21 April 2014 Holmberg Kalle 28 August 2009 Falkvinge JO anmaler tingsratten efter nedslackningen av Pirate Bay Dagens Nyheter in Swedish Bonnier AB Archived from the original on 24 November 2009 Falkvinge Rick 27 August 2009 Min JO anmalan av Stockholms Tingsratt PDF RickFalkvinge se in Swedish Archived from the original PDF on 28 March 2012 Landes David 17 November 2009 Scrapping tracker may negate Pirate Bay fines The Local Archived from the original on 23 January 2013 Ruling in case number T 7540 09 and T 11712 09 Archived 25 July 2018 at the Wayback Machine PDF Swedish Stockholm district court 28 October 2009 Swedish ISP bars users from The Pirate Bay The Local 10 June 2010 Archived from the original on 8 October 2012 Svea hovratt meddelar interimistiska vitesforbud avseende medverkan till upphovsrattsintrang pa Internet hovrattens mal O 7131 09 O 8773 09 och O 10146 09 Svea se in Swedish Svea Court of Appeal 21 May 2010 Archived from the original on 17 August 2010 Martin Rebecca 1 February 2012 Supreme Court denies Pirate Bay right to appeal The Local Archived from the original on 3 June 2013 Urquhart Conal agencies 3 September 2012 Pirate Bay co founder Gottfrid Svartholm Warg arrested in Cambodia The Guardian London Archived from the original on 11 February 2013 Pirates of the Caribbean The Pirate Bay Moves To Island Of St Martin International Business Times 30 April 2013 Archived from the original on 8 November 2016 Retrieved 14 March 2022 Van Der Sar Ernesto 10 December 2013 The Pirate Bay Moves to AC After Domain Name Seizure TorrentFreak Archived from the original on 22 April 2014 Retrieved 13 December 2013 Username Andy 12 December 2013 Pirate Bay Docks in Peru New System Will Make Domains Irrelevant TorrentFreak Archived from the original on 3 May 2014 Retrieved 13 December 2013 Van Der Sar Ernesto 18 December 2013 Pirate Bay Moves to Guyana After Domain Suspension 70 Domains to Go TorrentFreak Archived from the original on 22 April 2014 Retrieved 18 December 2013 Van Der Sar Ernesto 19 December 2013 Pirate Bay Back in Sweden s Calm Waters After GY Suspension TorrentFreak Archived from the original on 22 April 2014 Retrieved 19 December 2013 Kravets David 31 January 2008 Pirate Bay Future Uncertain After Operators Busted Wired com Blogs Threat Level Archived from the original on 20 April 2009 Retrieved 28 September 2008 a b Larsson Linus 31 January 2008 Charges filed against the Pirate Bay four Computer Sweden Archived from the original on 13 February 2012 Retrieved 1 February 2008 a b Lindenberger Michael A 20 February 2009 Internet Pirates Face Walking the Plank in Sweden Time Archived from the original on 26 August 2013 Retrieved 14 March 2022 Harvey Mike 18 February 2009 Half of Pirate Bay charges dropped The Times London Archived from the original on 9 November 2020 Retrieved 5 October 2009 Piratnamndeman fick lamna uppdrag Sydsvenskan in Swedish 10 February 2009 Archived from the original on 14 January 2012 Unga sympatisorer och aldre namndeman Blekinge Lans Tidning in Swedish 16 February 2009 Archived from the original on 19 February 2009 Retrieved 10 October 2012 Swash Rosie 23 April 2009 Pirate Bay judge denies conflict of interest The Guardian London Archived from the original on 26 April 2009 Retrieved 11 October 2012 Jenselius Michael 18 October 2010 Pirate Bay rattegangen over dom i november IDG se in Swedish International Data Group Archived from the original on 21 April 2014 Retrieved 18 October 2010 Kobie Nicole 26 November 2010 Pirate Bay trio lose appeal against jail sentences PCPro co uk Archived from the original on 21 April 2014 Retrieved 26 November 2010 Username WinstonQ1337 3 February 2012 Site domain moved to se TPB Blog The Pirate Bay Archived from the original on 22 April 2014 Retrieved 14 February 2012 Van Der Sar Ernesto 9 April 2013 The Pirate Bay Moves to GL Domain in Anticipation of Domain Seizure TorrentFreak Archived from the original on 22 April 2014 Rolander Niclas 12 April 2013 The Pirate Bay Sails to Greenland But Is Turned Away Wall Street Journal Archived from the original on 13 December 2013 Retrieved 12 April 2013 Username bkp 11 May 2007 User data stolen but not unsecured TPB Blog The Pirate Bay Archived from the original on 4 January 2012 Retrieved 28 September 2008 The Pirate Bay Infiltrated Power of Thought WordPress 11 May 2007 Archived from the original on 20 April 2012 Retrieved 28 September 2008 AUH inte bakom hacket Computer Sweden ComputerSweden IDG se International Data Group 11 May 2007 Archived from the original on 13 December 2013 Retrieved 10 December 2010 Neij Fredrik TiAMO 27 April 2009 Fiber problems TPB Blog The Pirate Bay Archived from the original on 22 April 2014 Retrieved 26 September 2011 The site and tracker were down during most of the night and morning due to a broken fiber connection Pirate Bay IP Addresses Assigned to Prosecution Lawyers TorrentFreak 26 April 2009 Archived from the original on 22 April 2014 Retrieved 26 April 2009 The Pirate Bay fiber cut Suprbay org Archived from the original on 1 June 2009 Retrieved 27 April 2009 Username the spirit of TPB 24 August 2009 Wireless TPB TPB Blog The Pirate Bay Archived from the original on 4 January 2012 Retrieved 25 August 2009 Pirate Bay lives on through drama CBC News 25 August 2009 Archived from the original on 28 August 2009 Retrieved 25 August 2009 Sandoval Greg 5 October 2009 Hollywood hunts The Pirate Bay site down again CNET News CBS Interactive Archived from the original on 2 November 2012 Retrieved 14 March 2022 The Pirate Bay Relocates to a Nuclear Bunker TorrentFreak 6 October 2009 Archived from the original on 30 April 2014 Retrieved 19 May 2010 Farzin Ramin 18 May 2010 Pirate Party takes over the Pirate Bay Sveriges Radio in Swedish Archived from the original on 14 March 2022 Retrieved 14 March 2022 English tr Archived 14 May 2015 at the Wayback Machine Anderson Nate 18 May 2010 Pirate Party hosting Pirate Bay in pro P2P political gesture Ars Technica Archived from the original on 23 April 2012 Retrieved 14 March 2022 Benholm Sofia 18 May 2010 Det kommer bli valdigt svart att rora The Pirate Bay nu SVT se in Swedish Archived from the original on 23 July 2010 Retrieved 2 August 2010 English tr Archived 22 April 2014 at the Wayback Machine The Pirate Bay Hacked Users Exposed Archived from the original on 22 April 2014 TorrentFreak 8 July 2010 Mick Jason 8 July 2010 Pirate Bay Hacked 4 Million User Records Looted Site Is Down Archived from the original on 22 April 2014 DailyTech com Retrieved 8 July 2010 The Pirate Bay hit by DDoS attack BBC News 16 May 2012 Archived from the original on 1 May 2014 Retrieved 17 May 2012 Griffin Andrew 5 May 2015 Pirate Bay down but on its way back up The Independent Archived from the original on 21 January 2020 Retrieved 15 May 2005 Tarun Mazumdar 5 May 2015 The Pirate Bay Is Back Online After Going Down Due To Error 526 Invalid SSL Certificate International Business Times AU Archived from the original on 26 June 2019 Retrieved 14 March 2022 a b Acquisitions of The Pirate Bay and new file sharing technology P2P 2 0 PDF Press release Global Gaming Factory a b Username TPB 30 June 2009 TPB might change owner TPB Blog The Pirate Bay Archived from the original on 7 March 2012 Retrieved 12 July 2010 Pirate Bay snapped up by Swedish software firm Reuters 30 June 2009 Archived from the original on 8 September 2009 Reuters 30 June 2009 Acquisitions of The Pirate Bay and new file sharing technology p2p 2 0 Cision Wire Press release 30 June 2009 Archived from the original on 28 February 2010 Retrieved 12 July 2010 Username TPB 30 June 2009 User deletion TPB Blog The Pirate Bay Archived from the original on 4 January 2012 Retrieved 12 July 2010 Ricknas Mikael 28 September 2009 CEO at Pirate Bay buyer about to have assets frozen Computerworld Archived from the original on 7 January 2012 Retrieved 19 March 2022 Van Der Sar Ernesto 10 December 2014 Can The Pirate Bay make a comeback TorrentFreak Archived from the original on 12 November 2020 Retrieved 11 December 2014 Spangler Todd 13 December 2014 Pirate Bay Shutdown Has Had Virtually No Effect on Digital Piracy Levels Variety Archived from the original on 11 November 2020 Retrieved 14 December 2014 a b Cooke Chris 17 December 2014 Now Pirate Bay Facebook is deleted though file sharing levels seemingly unaffected Complete Music Update Archived from the original on 15 August 2018 Retrieved 18 December 2014 Francis Hanna 15 December 2014 Anonymous gets its revenge on Sweden after Pirate Bay shutdown The Sydney Morning Herald Archived from the original on 4 July 2018 Retrieved 14 March 2022 Cooper Daniel 11 December 2014 Co founder of Pirate Bay says it should stay closed Engadget Archived from the original on 14 March 2022 Retrieved 14 March 2022 a b Gilbert David 16 December 2014 The Pirate Bay back online in cloned version International Business Times Archived from the original on 13 August 2020 Retrieved 18 December 2014 Peter Sunde one of the founders of The Pirate Bay THB said in the wake of the raid last week saying that he is not been a fan of what TPB has become citing the increasing use of ads Protalinski Emil 19 December 2014 isoHunt now lets anyone launch their own version of The Pirate Bay VentureBeat Archived from the original on 12 November 2020 Retrieved 19 December 2014 Dela Cruz Janna 30 December 2014 The Pirate Bay updates 372 copies of the torrent site sprout after The Open Bay Christian Today Archived from the original on 20 October 2020 Retrieved 31 December 2014 Van Der Sar Ernesto 17 December 2014 The Pirate Bay s Facebook Page Is Shut Down Too Torrent Freak Archived from the original on 11 November 2020 Retrieved 18 December 2014 a b Kamen Matt 22 December 2014 Flag flutters mysteriously on main Pirate Bay domain Wired Archived from the original on 17 July 2020 Retrieved 22 December 2014 Trabia anunță că The Pirate Bay nu mai este găzduit in Moldova dar IP ul arată altceva Ce spun autoritățile Archived 13 July 2019 at the Wayback Machine moldova org 4 February 2015 in Romanian Van Der Sar Ernesto 1 January 2015 Pirate Bay Starts Counting Down To February 1 TorrentFreak Archived from the original on 17 November 2020 Retrieved 1 January 2015 Mazumdar Tarun 2 January 2015 The Pirate Bay Homepage Shows A Countdown Timer Set To February 1 2015 International Business Times Archived from the original on 2 January 2015 Retrieved 2 January 2015 Van Der Sar Ernesto 31 January 2015 The Pirate Bay is back online TorrentFreak Archived from the original on 8 November 2020 Retrieved 31 January 2015 Van Der Sar Ernesto 1 November 2018 The Pirate Bay Remains Mysteriously Inaccessible to Many TorrentFreak Archived from the original on 8 November 2020 Retrieved 9 November 2018 Van Der Sar Ernesto 23 March 2020 The Pirate Bay Uses Downtime to Rewrite Some Code TorrentFreak Archived from the original on 25 October 2020 Retrieved 8 April 2020 The Pirate Bay s Main Domain Returns After a Month of Downtime TorrentFreak 11 April 2020 Archived from the original on 29 September 2020 Retrieved 14 April 2020 Van Der Sar Ernesto 22 December 2012 Pirate Bay Censorship Backfires as New Proxies Bloom TorrentFreak Archived from the original on 22 April 2014 Van Der Sar Ernesto 8 January 2013 Censoring Pirate Sites Doesn t Work Researchers Find TorrentFreak Archived from the original on 22 April 2014 Username Enigmax Pirate Bay Enjoys 12 Million Traffic Boost Shares Unblocking Tips TorrentFreak Archived from the original on 22 April 2014 Halliday Josh 18 May 2011 Google boss anti piracy laws would be disaster for free speech The Guardian Archived from the original on 26 December 2018 Retrieved 13 December 2016 Unik dom Bredbandsbolaget maste blockera piratsajter Aftonbladet in Swedish Archived from the original on 14 February 2017 Retrieved 18 August 2017 The Pirate Bay Must Be Blocked in Sweden Court of Appeal Rules TorrentFreak 13 February 2017 Archived from the original on 24 April 2019 Retrieved 18 August 2017 Patent and Market Court s order against ISP Telia PDF Archived PDF from the original on 12 May 2021 Retrieved 12 May 2021 Swedish Court Issues Dynamic Pirate Bay Blocking Order TorrentFreak Archived from the original on 12 May 2021 Retrieved 12 May 2021 Patent and Market Court s Appeal decision PDF Archived PDF from the original on 17 January 2023 Retrieved 12 May 2021 Swedish ISP Loses Appeal Over Dynamic Pirate Bay Blockade TorrentFreak Archived from the original on 17 January 2023 Retrieved 12 May 2021 Van Buskirk Eliot 30 March 2009 The Pirate Bay Puts Bit Torrent on Facebook Wired Archived from the original on 1 June 2012 Retrieved 14 March 2022 Singer Ryan 6 May 2009 Facebook s E mail Censorship is Legally Dubious Experts Say Wired Archived from the original on 2 June 2012 Retrieved 14 March 2022 Steier Henning 7 May 2009 Facebook spioniert Nutzer aus 20 Minuten in German Archived from the original on 21 April 2014 Thomson Iain 26 March 2012 Microsoft censors Pirate Bay links from IM The Register San Francisco Archived from the original on 1 November 2013 Retrieved 28 May 2012 Van Der Sar Ernesto 24 March 2012 Microsoft Censors Pirate Bay Links in Windows Live Messenger TorrentFreak Archived from the original on 22 April 2014 Retrieved 28 May 2012 Garfield Bob 17 April 2009 The Other Pirates Archived from the original on 28 June 2011 On the Media NPR Interview with Mats Lewan Garfield Bob 2 February 2008 Guarding Piracy Archived from the original on 28 June 2011 On the Media NPR Interview with Daniel Roth Ulvaeus Bjorn 17 February 2009 Ska det vara sa forbannat besvarligt att betala for sig Newsmill in Swedish Archived from the original on 15 November 2013 Van Der Sar Ernesto 12 May 2008 Best Selling Author Turns Piracy into Profit TorrentFreak Archived from the original on 22 April 2014 Coelho Paulo 13 April 2009 From Pirate Coelho Central Paulo Coelho s Blog Archived from the original on 21 April 2014 Paul Coelho Jag stoder Pirate Bay Svenska Dagbladet in Swedish 15 April 2009 Archived from the original on 18 April 2009 Riley Jack 18 April 2009 This trial has only made torrent sites much stronger The Independent London Archived from the original on 21 April 2009 Retrieved 21 November 2013 External links Edit nbsp Wikimedia Commons has media related to The Pirate Bay Official website nbsp Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title The Pirate Bay amp oldid 1174235460, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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