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Libération

July 01, 2023

For other uses, see Libération (disambiguation).
"Libe" redirects here. For other uses, see Libe (disambiguation).

Libération (French pronunciation: ​[libeʁasjɔ̃]), popularly known as Libé (pronounced [libe]), is a daily newspaper in France, founded in Paris by Jean-Paul Sartre and Serge July in 1973 in the wake of the protest movements of May 1968. Initially positioned on the far left of France's political spectrum, the editorial line evolved towards a more centre-left stance at the end of the 1970s,[2] where it remains as of 2012.[3]

Libération
TypeDaily newspaper
FormatCompact
Owner(s)Altice, Bruno Ledoux, Patrick Drahi
EditorLibération SARL
Founded1973; 50 years ago (1973)
Political alignmentCentre-left
LanguageFrench
HeadquartersParis, France
CountryFrance
Circulation97,633 (total, 2022)[1]
9,900 (digital, 2018)
ISSN0335-1793
Websiteliberation.fr

The publication describes its "DNA" as being "liberal libertarian". It aims to act as a common platform for the diverse tendencies within the French Left, with its "compass" being "the defence of freedoms and of minorities".[4] Edouard de Rothschild's acquisition of a 37% capital interest in 2005,[5] and editor Serge July's campaign for the "yes" vote in the referendum establishing a Constitution for Europe the same year,[6] alienated it from a number of its left-wing readers.[7]

In its early days, it was noted for its irreverent and humorous style and unorthodox journalistic culture. All employees, including management, received the same salary. In addition to traditional editor's notes, known as Note de la rédaction and marked as N.D.L.R., it included the innovative NDLC (note de la claviste), apt and witty comments inserted at the last moment by the typesetter.[8] It was the first French daily to have a website. It had a circulation of about 67,000 in 2018.[9] Libération has been considered a newspaper of record in France.[10]

History

First period (1973–81)

Libération was founded by Jean-Paul Sartre, Philippe Gavi, Bernard Lallement, Jean-Claude Vernier, Pierre Victor alias Benny Lévy and Serge July and has been published from 3 February 1973,[11] in the wake of the protest movements of May 1968.[12] Sartre remained editor of Libération until 24 May 1974. During this period one of the contributors was Samir Frangieh, a leftist Lebanese journalist.[13]

The paper was initially run along non-hierarchical lines, with all staff – from the editor-in-chief to the janitor – receiving the same salary, but this later gave way to a "normal set-up". In the early 1980s it began to take advertisements and allowed external bodies to have a stake in its financing, which it had completely refused before, but continued to maintain a left leaning[11] editorial stance.

Second period (since 1981)

After several crises, Libération temporarily stopped being published in February 1981. It resumed publication on 13 May under a new format, with Serge July as new director.[14]

Although Libération is not affiliated with any political party, it has, from its theoretical origins in the May 1968 turmoil in France, a left-wing slant.[15] According to co-founder and former director Serge July, Libé was an activist newspaper that, however, does not support any particular political party, acts as a counter-power, and generally has bad relations with both left-wing and right-wing administrations. Libé's opinion pages (rebonds) publish views from many political standpoints. An example of their proclaimed independent, "counter-power" slant is when in 1993 Libération leaked Socialist president François Mitterrand's illegal wiretapping program.

Libération is known for its sometimes alternative points of view on cultural and social events. For instance, in addition to reports about crimes and other events, it also chronicles daily criminal trials, bringing in a more human vision of petty criminals. As Serge July puts it, "the equation of Libération consisted in combining counter-culture and political radicalism".[16] The editors' decision, in 2005, to support the Treaty establishing a Constitution for Europe (TCE) was criticized by many of its readers, who later decided to vote "no" to a treaty seen as too neoliberal, lacking social views deemed necessary to the solid foundation of a "European nation".

On 11 December 2010, Libération started hosting a mirror of the WikiLeaks website, including the United States diplomatic cables and other document collections,[17] in solidarity with WikiLeaks, in order to prevent it from being "suffocated" by "governments and companies that were trying to block [WikiLeaks'] functioning without even a judicial decision".[18]

In June 2015, Libération, working with WikiLeaks, reported that the United States National Security Agency had been secretly spying on the telephone conversations of presidents Jacques Chirac, Nicolas Sarkozy and François Hollande from at least 2006 through 2012.[19][20]

Édouard de Rothschild's involvement

In 2005 Libération badly needed funds,[21] and Serge July strove to convince the board to allow Édouard de Rothschild[21] to buy a stake in the paper. The board agreed on 20 January 2005. Social conflicts arose shortly after. On 25 November 2005, the paper went on strike, protesting against the layoff of 52 workers.[22] Rothschild, who had promised he would not interfere in editorial decisions, decided that he was not playing an active enough role in the paper's management.[23] In May 2006 the paper announced a weekend magazine called Libé week-end, with a supplement called Ecrans (covering television, internet and film), and another called R. (The latter was abandoned in September of the same year.)

On 13 June 2006, Serge July told the editorial staff that Édouard de Rothschild was refusing to invest more money in the paper unless Louis Dreyfus (directeur général) and himself left the paper. July had accepted, believing the paper's future existence to depend on his decision. The journalists were shocked. The next day, they published a public statement praising the paper's founder and expressing their worries about journalistic independence.[24] Serge July left the paper on 30 June 2006.[25]

A debate between Bernard Lallement, the first administrator-manager of Libération and Edouard de Rothschild took place in Le Monde newspaper. In a column published on 4 July 2006, Lallement argued that July's departure was the end of an era where "writing meant something". Lallement painted a bleak picture of Libération's future, as well as that of the press as a whole. Criticizing Rothschild's interference, Lallement quoted Sartre, who had famously said that "Money doesn't have any ideas".[26] Later, on his blog, Lallement argued that Rothschild, who had had no historic attachment to the paper, was only interested in making money, not in the paper itself.[27] On 6 July, Rothschild declared: "Libération needs help and moral, intellectual and financial support. Libération doesn't need a requiem."[28]

Sixty-two employees—including 35 journalists, such as Antoine de Gaudemar, chief editor, Sorj Chalandon, who was awarded the Albert Londres Prize, both present since the 1973 creation of Libé, and Pierre Haski, deputy editor, present since 1981—were about to resign at end of January 2007 (on a total of 276 employees). With the 55 other employees who left the newspaper at the end of 2005, this made a total of about 150 staff who had left since Rothschild's ownership, not including tens of resignations (including Florence Aubenas, Dominique Simonnot, Antoine de Baecque, Jean Hatzfeld)[29]

In May 2007, former Libération journalists, including Pierre Haski and Pascal Riché (Op-Ed editor of Libération) created the news website Rue 89.

In 2014, the newspaper once again found itself in the news, following a public dispute between its journalists and shareholders over the future of the newspaper. In the face of falling circulation the latter had sought to re-invent the paper's web site as a social network. The editor-in-chief Nicolas Demorand resigned over the row.[30]

 

Circulation statistics

Year 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2006 2005 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020
France paid circulation 169,427 169,011 174,310 164,286 158,115 146,109 133,270 142,557 132,356 123,317 111,584 113,108 119,205 119,418 101,616 93,781 88,395 73,331 75,275 67,238 71,522 76,522

See also

Les émissions de Shlomo Gaver, président de l'Association du judaïsme karaïte Youtube :The Dream Snatcher !Captured 5/12/2023 Here's a link to a GoFundMe campaign to help some of the people AML Films interviews!

References

  1. ^ "Libération − History". Alliance pour les chiffres de la presse et des médias (in French). n.d. Archived from the original on 26 June 2023. Retrieved 26 June 2023.
  2. ^ "Évaluation Libération" (in French). france-medias.fr. Retrieved 31 January 2020.
  3. ^ "French press rallies behind new President Hollande". BBC. 7 May 2012. Retrieved 22 November 2014.
  4. ^ ""Libération" et son rapport à la gauche" (in French). Libération. 13 March 2014.
  5. ^ ""Libération" tombe sous le charme d'Edouard de Rothschild" (in French). Acrimed. 31 January 2005.
  6. ^ "L'éditorial de Serge July". Le Nouvel Observateur (in French). 25 June 2008.
  7. ^ "Un " cri de douleur " de Serge July" (in French). Les Mots Sont Importants. June 2005.
  8. ^ "NDLC (note de la claviste)" (in French). Le Monde. 24 June 2011.
  9. ^ "ACMP". French NGO responsible for surveying newspaper circulation
  10. ^ Bryant, Elizabeth (27 October 2006). "A capital crisis may bring down leftist French paper / Liberation, founded in 1968, has seen circulation plummet". San Francisco Chronicle. from the original on 25 February 2017. Retrieved 21 June 2023.
  11. ^ a b (PDF). European Social Survey. May 2014. Archived from the original (PDF) on 16 August 2014. Retrieved 12 January 2015.
  12. ^ John Tebbel (2003). . Encyclopedia Americana. Archived from the original on 9 May 2019.
  13. ^ Who's Who in Lebanon (19th ed.). Beirut: Publitec Publications. 2007. p. 132. doi:10.1515/9783110945904.476. ISBN 978-3-598-07734-0.
  14. ^ Philip Thody (2000). Le Franglais: Forbidden English, Forbidden American: Law, Politics and Language in Contemporary France: A Study in. A&C Black. p. 290. ISBN 978-1-4411-7760-5. Retrieved 31 December 2014.
  15. ^ Interviews with journalists from Libération (in French)
  16. ^ (on official French government website) (in French)
  17. ^ . Libération. 4 January 2011. Archived from the original on 28 December 2010. Retrieved 11 January 2011.
  18. ^ ""Libération" abrite WikiLeaks". Libération (in French). 11 December 2010. from the original on 15 January 2011. Nous avons choisi d'empêcher l'asphyxie de WikiLeaks à l'heure où des gouvernements et des entreprises cherchent à bloquer son fonctionnement sans même une décision de justice.
  19. ^ Guiton, Amaelle; Léchenet, Alexandre; Manach, Jean-Marc; Assange, Julian (23 June 2015). . Libération (in French). Archived from the original on 24 June 2015. Retrieved 24 June 2015.
  20. ^ Willsher, Kim (23 June 2015). "François Hollande calls emergency meeting after WikiLeaks claims US spied on three French presidents". The Guardian. Retrieved 24 June 2015.
  21. ^ a b "The press in France". BBC. 11 November 2006. Retrieved 22 November 2014.
  22. ^ Libération ? Un cas d’école pour la presse française, L'Humanité, 26 May 2006 (in French)
  23. ^ Les raisons d'un divorce 29 September 2007 at the Wayback Machine, Le Figaro, 14 June 2006 (in French)
  24. ^ Depuis trente-trois ans, Serge July, cofondateur de «Libération».... 17 June 2006 at the Wayback Machine, Libération, 14 June 2006 (in French)
  25. ^ " Pourquoi je quitte "Libération" " ; Serge July; Libération; 30 June 2006

    « The orchestral conductor that I was bids you farewell.
    The journalist who I am is infinitely sad no longer to be able to write here.
    The reader that I shall remain bids you good-bye. »

    (article en ligne 24 November 2006 at the Wayback Machine)
  26. ^ Une complainte pour Libé; Le Monde 4 July 2006
  27. ^ Libé : un paradoxe très cavalier 8 August 2006 at the Wayback Machine 6 July 2006
  28. ^ Libération n'a pas besoin de requiem ; Le Monde 6 July 2006
  29. ^ "Libération" : 62 candidats au départ, Le Monde, 23 January 2007 –. Retrieved 23 January 2007 (in French)
  30. ^ "Liberation newspaper boss quits over restructuring row". BBC. 13 February 2014. Retrieved 22 November 2014.

External links

  • (in French) Official website (Mobile)
  • Today's Libération front page at the Freedom Forum website
  • Regular French Press Review 16 April 2009 at the Wayback Machine – Radio France International
  • ACPM
  • English translations of Libération articles from nonprofit WorldMeets.US

July 01, 2023
libération, other, uses, disambiguation, libe, redirects, here, other, uses, libe, disambiguation, french, pronunciation, libeʁasjɔ, popularly, known, libé, pronounced, libe, daily, newspaper, france, founded, paris, jean, paul, sartre, serge, july, 1973, wake. For other uses see Liberation disambiguation Libe redirects here For other uses see Libe disambiguation Liberation French pronunciation libeʁasjɔ popularly known as Libe pronounced libe is a daily newspaper in France founded in Paris by Jean Paul Sartre and Serge July in 1973 in the wake of the protest movements of May 1968 Initially positioned on the far left of France s political spectrum the editorial line evolved towards a more centre left stance at the end of the 1970s 2 where it remains as of 2012 3 LiberationTypeDaily newspaperFormatCompactOwner s Altice Bruno Ledoux Patrick DrahiEditorLiberation SARLFounded1973 50 years ago 1973 Political alignmentCentre leftLanguageFrenchHeadquartersParis FranceCountryFranceCirculation97 633 total 2022 1 9 900 digital 2018 ISSN0335 1793Websiteliberation frMedia of FranceList of newspapersThe publication describes its DNA as being liberal libertarian It aims to act as a common platform for the diverse tendencies within the French Left with its compass being the defence of freedoms and of minorities 4 Edouard de Rothschild s acquisition of a 37 capital interest in 2005 5 and editor Serge July s campaign for the yes vote in the referendum establishing a Constitution for Europe the same year 6 alienated it from a number of its left wing readers 7 In its early days it was noted for its irreverent and humorous style and unorthodox journalistic culture All employees including management received the same salary In addition to traditional editor s notes known as Note de la redaction and marked as N D L R it included the innovative NDLC note de la claviste apt and witty comments inserted at the last moment by the typesetter 8 It was the first French daily to have a website It had a circulation of about 67 000 in 2018 9 Liberation has been considered a newspaper of record in France 10 Contents 1 History 1 1 First period 1973 81 1 2 Second period since 1981 1 3 Edouard de Rothschild s involvement 2 Circulation statistics 3 See also 4 References 5 External linksHistory EditFirst period 1973 81 Edit Liberation was founded by Jean Paul Sartre Philippe Gavi Bernard Lallement Jean Claude Vernier Pierre Victor alias Benny Levy and Serge July and has been published from 3 February 1973 11 in the wake of the protest movements of May 1968 12 Sartre remained editor of Liberation until 24 May 1974 During this period one of the contributors was Samir Frangieh a leftist Lebanese journalist 13 The paper was initially run along non hierarchical lines with all staff from the editor in chief to the janitor receiving the same salary but this later gave way to a normal set up In the early 1980s it began to take advertisements and allowed external bodies to have a stake in its financing which it had completely refused before but continued to maintain a left leaning 11 editorial stance Second period since 1981 Edit After several crises Liberation temporarily stopped being published in February 1981 It resumed publication on 13 May under a new format with Serge July as new director 14 Although Liberation is not affiliated with any political party it has from its theoretical origins in the May 1968 turmoil in France a left wing slant 15 According to co founder and former director Serge July Libe was an activist newspaper that however does not support any particular political party acts as a counter power and generally has bad relations with both left wing and right wing administrations Libe s opinion pages rebonds publish views from many political standpoints An example of their proclaimed independent counter power slant is when in 1993 Liberation leaked Socialist president Francois Mitterrand s illegal wiretapping program Liberation is known for its sometimes alternative points of view on cultural and social events For instance in addition to reports about crimes and other events it also chronicles daily criminal trials bringing in a more human vision of petty criminals As Serge July puts it the equation of Liberation consisted in combining counter culture and political radicalism 16 The editors decision in 2005 to support the Treaty establishing a Constitution for Europe TCE was criticized by many of its readers who later decided to vote no to a treaty seen as too neoliberal lacking social views deemed necessary to the solid foundation of a European nation On 11 December 2010 Liberation started hosting a mirror of the WikiLeaks website including the United States diplomatic cables and other document collections 17 in solidarity with WikiLeaks in order to prevent it from being suffocated by governments and companies that were trying to block WikiLeaks functioning without even a judicial decision 18 In June 2015 Liberation working with WikiLeaks reported that the United States National Security Agency had been secretly spying on the telephone conversations of presidents Jacques Chirac Nicolas Sarkozy and Francois Hollande from at least 2006 through 2012 19 20 Edouard de Rothschild s involvement Edit In 2005 Liberation badly needed funds 21 and Serge July strove to convince the board to allow Edouard de Rothschild 21 to buy a stake in the paper The board agreed on 20 January 2005 Social conflicts arose shortly after On 25 November 2005 the paper went on strike protesting against the layoff of 52 workers 22 Rothschild who had promised he would not interfere in editorial decisions decided that he was not playing an active enough role in the paper s management 23 In May 2006 the paper announced a weekend magazine called Libe week end with a supplement called Ecrans covering television internet and film and another called R The latter was abandoned in September of the same year On 13 June 2006 Serge July told the editorial staff that Edouard de Rothschild was refusing to invest more money in the paper unless Louis Dreyfus directeur general and himself left the paper July had accepted believing the paper s future existence to depend on his decision The journalists were shocked The next day they published a public statement praising the paper s founder and expressing their worries about journalistic independence 24 Serge July left the paper on 30 June 2006 25 A debate between Bernard Lallement the first administrator manager of Liberation and Edouard de Rothschild took place in Le Monde newspaper In a column published on 4 July 2006 Lallement argued that July s departure was the end of an era where writing meant something Lallement painted a bleak picture of Liberation s future as well as that of the press as a whole Criticizing Rothschild s interference Lallement quoted Sartre who had famously said that Money doesn t have any ideas 26 Later on his blog Lallement argued that Rothschild who had had no historic attachment to the paper was only interested in making money not in the paper itself 27 On 6 July Rothschild declared Liberation needs help and moral intellectual and financial support Liberation doesn t need a requiem 28 Sixty two employees including 35 journalists such as Antoine de Gaudemar chief editor Sorj Chalandon who was awarded the Albert Londres Prize both present since the 1973 creation of Libe and Pierre Haski deputy editor present since 1981 were about to resign at end of January 2007 on a total of 276 employees With the 55 other employees who left the newspaper at the end of 2005 this made a total of about 150 staff who had left since Rothschild s ownership not including tens of resignations including Florence Aubenas Dominique Simonnot Antoine de Baecque Jean Hatzfeld 29 In May 2007 former Liberation journalists including Pierre Haski and Pascal Riche Op Ed editor of Liberation created the news website Rue 89 In 2014 the newspaper once again found itself in the news following a public dispute between its journalists and shareholders over the future of the newspaper In the face of falling circulation the latter had sought to re invent the paper s web site as a social network The editor in chief Nicolas Demorand resigned over the row 30 Circulation statistics EditYear 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2006 2005 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020France paid circulation 169 427 169 011 174 310 164 286 158 115 146 109 133 270 142 557 132 356 123 317 111 584 113 108 119 205 119 418 101 616 93 781 88 395 73 331 75 275 67 238 71 522 76 522See also EditChunichi Shimbun affiliated newspaper in Japan List of French newspapersLes emissions de Shlomo Gaver president de l Association du judaisme karaite Youtube The Dream Snatcher Captured 5 12 2023 Here s a link to a GoFundMe campaign to help some of the people AML Films interviews References Edit Liberation History Alliance pour les chiffres de la presse et des medias in French n d Archived from the original on 26 June 2023 Retrieved 26 June 2023 Evaluation Liberation in French france medias fr Retrieved 31 January 2020 French press rallies behind new President Hollande BBC 7 May 2012 Retrieved 22 November 2014 Liberation et son rapport a la gauche in French Liberation 13 March 2014 Liberation tombe sous le charme d Edouard de Rothschild in French Acrimed 31 January 2005 L editorial de Serge July Le Nouvel Observateur in French 25 June 2008 Un cri de douleur de Serge July in French Les Mots Sont Importants June 2005 NDLC note de la claviste in French Le Monde 24 June 2011 ACMP French NGO responsible for surveying newspaper circulation Bryant Elizabeth 27 October 2006 A capital crisis may bring down leftist French paper Liberation founded in 1968 has seen circulation plummet San Francisco Chronicle Archived from the original on 25 February 2017 Retrieved 21 June 2023 a b Media Landscape Media Claims PDF European Social Survey May 2014 Archived from the original PDF on 16 August 2014 Retrieved 12 January 2015 John Tebbel 2003 Print Media France Encyclopedia Americana Archived from the original on 9 May 2019 Who s Who in Lebanon 19th ed Beirut Publitec Publications 2007 p 132 doi 10 1515 9783110945904 476 ISBN 978 3 598 07734 0 Philip Thody 2000 Le Franglais Forbidden English Forbidden American Law Politics and Language in Contemporary France A Study in A amp C Black p 290 ISBN 978 1 4411 7760 5 Retrieved 31 December 2014 Interviews with journalists from Liberation in French Interview with Serge July on official French government website in French Secret US Embassy Cables Liberation 4 January 2011 Archived from the original on 28 December 2010 Retrieved 11 January 2011 Liberation abrite WikiLeaks Liberation in French 11 December 2010 Archived from the original on 15 January 2011 Nous avons choisi d empecher l asphyxie de WikiLeaks a l heure ou des gouvernements et des entreprises cherchent a bloquer son fonctionnement sans meme une decision de justice Guiton Amaelle Lechenet Alexandre Manach Jean Marc Assange Julian 23 June 2015 WikiLeaks Chirac Sarkozy et Hollande trois presidents sur ecoute Liberation in French Archived from the original on 24 June 2015 Retrieved 24 June 2015 Willsher Kim 23 June 2015 Francois Hollande calls emergency meeting after WikiLeaks claims US spied on three French presidents The Guardian Retrieved 24 June 2015 a b The press in France BBC 11 November 2006 Retrieved 22 November 2014 Liberation Un cas d ecole pour la presse francaise L Humanite 26 May 2006 in French Les raisons d un divorce Archived 29 September 2007 at the Wayback Machine Le Figaro 14 June 2006 in French Depuis trente trois ans Serge July cofondateur de Liberation Archived 17 June 2006 at the Wayback Machine Liberation 14 June 2006 in French Pourquoi je quitte Liberation Serge July Liberation 30 June 2006 The orchestral conductor that I was bids you farewell The journalist who I am is infinitely sad no longer to be able to write here The reader that I shall remain bids you good bye article en ligne Archived 24 November 2006 at the Wayback Machine Une complainte pour Libe Le Monde 4 July 2006 Libe un paradoxe tres cavalier Archived 8 August 2006 at the Wayback Machine 6 July 2006 Liberation n a pas besoin de requiem Le Monde 6 July 2006 Liberation 62 candidats au depart Le Monde 23 January 2007 Retrieved 23 January 2007 in French Liberation newspaper boss quits over restructuring row BBC 13 February 2014 Retrieved 22 November 2014 External links Edit in French Official website Mobile Today s Liberation front page at the Freedom Forum website Regular French Press Review Archived 16 April 2009 at the Wayback Machine Radio France International OJD ACPM English translations of Liberation articles from nonprofit WorldMeets US Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Liberation amp oldid 1162042402, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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