fbpx
Wikipedia

Democratic Party (Serbia)

January 01, 1970

For the Democratic Party that existed in the Kingdom of Yugoslavia, see Democratic Party (Yugoslavia).
Not to be confused with the Democratic Party of Serbia.

The Democratic Party (Serbian Cyrillic: Демократска странка, romanized: Demokratska stranka; listenⓘ, abbr. DS) is a social democratic political party in Serbia. Zoran Lutovac has led the party as its president since 2018. The party is colloquially known as the žuti (yellows) because of one of its main colours.

Democratic Party
Демократска странка
Demokratska stranka
AbbreviationDS
PresidentZoran Lutovac
Deputy PresidentDragana Rakić
Vice-Presidents
Parliamentary leaderZoran Lutovac
FounderThe Founding Committee of the Democratic Party
Founded3 February 1990
Registered27 July 1990
HeadquartersNušićeva 6/II, Belgrade
NewspaperBedem
Youth wingDemocratic Youth
Women's wingWomen's Forum
IdeologySocial democracy
Political positionCentre-left
National affiliationSerbia Against Violence
European affiliationParty of European Socialists (associate)
International affiliation
Colours
  •   Yellow
  •   Blue
National Assembly
8 / 250
Assembly of Vojvodina
2 / 120
City Assembly of Belgrade
2 / 110
Party flag
Website
ds.org.rs

DS was founded in 1990 by a group of intellectuals who sought to revive the Democratic Party, which was active in the Kingdom of Yugoslavia. Dragoljub Mićunović was the first president of DS until 1994 and under his leadership DS gained representation in the National Assembly of Serbia and took part in anti-government protests against Slobodan Milošević. After Zoran Đinđić's election as president of DS in 1994, DS was reorganised. Đinđić led the party into the Together coalition, and DS took part in the 1996–1997 protests that occurred after the Electoral Commission invalidated local election results in cities in which the Together coalition had won. DS later led the Alliance for Change [sr], which became part of the Democratic Opposition of Serbia (DOS) in January 2000. DOS won the 2000 Yugoslav general election, but Milošević, the president of the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia and president of the Socialist Party of Serbia (SPS), declined to accept the results, culminating in his overthrow.

DS assumed power in Serbia after winning parliamentary elections in December 2000 and Đinđić then became prime minister. Đinđić was assassinated in March 2003 and succeeded by Boris Tadić as president of DS. Tadić also became president of Serbia while DS was in opposition from 2004 to 2007 when it became part of a coalition government led by DSS. Tadić led DS to victory in 2008 when a coalition government with SPS was formalised. DS was defeated by the Serbian Progressive Party in 2012 and went into opposition. Dragan Đilas became the president of DS in December 2012; he was ousted as mayor of Belgrade in 2013 but survived an internal motion of no confidence in January 2014. He was succeeded by Bojan Pajtić in May 2014. Dragan Šutanovac became the president of DS after Pajtić's resignation in 2016. Šutanovac was then succeeded by Lutovac in 2018. Lutovac led DS into several opposition coalitions and boycotted the 2020 parliamentary election, causing a schism in the party. He successfully led DS back into the National Assembly in the 2022 election.

DS was a catch-all party in its early years, occupying the centrist and centre-right position. It supported the establishment of a market economy, denationalisation, and union rights. DS shifted to a centrist and socially liberal profile under Tadić and became the leading party of the pro-European bloc of Serbian politics. It shifted towards social democracy in 2013, and is now positioned on the centre-left on the political spectrum. Its supporters tend to be female, high school or university educated, tolerant towards diversity, socially progressive, and opposed to authoritarianism and nationalism. DS is an associate member of the Party of European Socialists and a member of the Progressive Alliance and Socialist International.

History edit

Formation edit

 
Dragoljub Mićunović served as the first president of DS, from 1990 to 1994

On 11 December 1989, a group of intellectuals—including anti-communist dissidents, liberal academics, poets, writers, and film and theatre directors—held a press conference announcing the revival of the Democratic Party (DS), at which they also released a written proclamation.[1][2]: 142  DS had existed in the Kingdom of Yugoslavia until 1945, when the Communist Party of Yugoslavia, later known as League of Communists of Yugoslavia (SKJ),[3] came to power;[4][5]: 26  as such, DS claims that it was "re-founded" (obnovljena), instead of categorising itself as a new political party.[6] The original thirteen signatories of the proclamation of the Founding Committee included Kosta Čavoški, Milovan Danojlić, Zoran Đinđić, Gojko Đogo, Vladimir Gligorov, Slobodan Inić, Marko Janković, Vojislav Koštunica, Dragoljub Mićunović, Borislav Pekić, Miodrag Perišić, Radoslav Stojanović, and Dušan Vukajlović.[4][7][8] Their programmatic proclamation, named Letter of Intents (Pismo o namerama), attracted even more intellectuals who eventually joined DS.[1][9]

In 1989, the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia was still a one-party state; DS thus became the first opposition, non-communist party in Yugoslavia.[5]: 25 [10][11] With the disintegration of the SKJ that began in January 1990, its constituent republics, later including Serbia in July 1990, adopted multi-party systems.[12][13] DS organised its founding assembly on 3 February 1990 at the Belgrade Youth Center.[2]: 142 [4][9] The first presidency of the DS was contested between Čavoški and Mićunović, with the latter ultimately winning the position.[5]: 27  Ideological differences between the two existed;[5]: 27  Čavoški wanted the party to adopt a more nationalist and anti-communist rhetoric,[14][15]: 60  while Mićunović was viewed as a liberal.[16] Although Čavoški lost in the leadership election, he was elected president of the party's executive board; Pekić became the deputy president of the DS.[9][17]

According to Mićunović, Čavoški initially registered the party in Tuzla, Bosnia and Herzegovina, in March 1990 because Serbia had not yet adopted a law authorising a multi-party system.[17] DS was later registered in Serbia on 27 July 1990.[‡ 1]

1990–1993: the Mićunović years edit

After its establishment, the DS began publishing its newspaper, Demokratija (English: Democracy), and it also established the Democratic Youth, its youth wing.[18][19][20] Gligorov and Inić, who worked on the economic programme of the party, left DS also shortly after its formation due to ideological disagreements.[9][11][20] At its second assembly in September 1990, Mićunović was re-elected president of DS while Koštunica and Desimir Tošić [sr] were elected vice-presidents.[21] A month later, DS announced that it would take part in the 1990 Serbian parliamentary election.[15]: 73  This decision was opposed by Čavoški and Nikola Milošević, who advocated for an election boycott instead.[15]: 73  Čavoški previously proposed that opposition parties should receive television air time, representation on electoral bodies, and for the campaign to last 90 days in total.[15]: 71  Čavoški and Milošević left DS shortly before the December 1990 election, claiming that fair electoral conditions had not been created.[9] They then formed the Serbian Liberal Party (SLS) in January 1991.[15]: 80  Đinđić succeeded Čavoški as the president of the party's executive board.[21] Despite winning 7 percent of the popular vote in the 1990 election, DS only won 7 seats in the National Assembly due to Serbia's new first-past-the-post electoral system, which favoured the Socialist Party of Serbia (SPS), the then-ruling and largest party of Serbia.[22][23]

Together with the Serbian Renewal Movement (SPO), DS organised mass protests in Belgrade in March 1991, demanding reforms of the Radio Television of Serbia (RTS).[24][25]: 44  As a result of the protests, SPO leader Vuk Drašković was let go, and the RTS director resigned.[26] After the break-up of Yugoslavia in early 1992, Serbia became a part of the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia.[27][28] DS boycotted the May 1992 federal parliamentary elections and declined to accept the results, claiming that free and fair conditions had not been created for the election.[25]: 84–85 [29]: 1678  Instead of campaigning, DS preferred to organise anti-government protests to force the government to call new elections.[25]: 84–85  In June 1992, DS decided not to join the Democratic Movement of Serbia (DEPOS) coalition that had been created a month earlier.[9][21] Koštunica led the "DS for DEPOS" faction that was in favour of joining DEPOS.[30] He left the party after DS decided not to join the coalition, claiming that Mićunović and Đinđić were in a "secret alliance" with SPS.[31] After leaving DS, he partnered with Mirko Petrović, Draško Petrović, and Vladan Batić and formed the Democratic Party of Serbia (DSS).[17][20][32]

After the mass protests, another federal parliamentary election was organised for December 1992.[29]: 1704  DS decided to take part in this election and it won 6 percent of the popular vote and 5 seats in the Federal Assembly.[29]: 1724 [33] DS then joined the government led by Milan Panić, the then-incumbent prime minister of FR Yugoslavia.[20] Simultaneously, in December 1992, general elections were organised in Serbia as a result of an October 1992 early elections referendum.[25]: 84  Although DS opposed the referendum, it participated in the election, winning 6 seats.[25]: 85–89 [34] In the presidential election, however, DS supported Panić, who placed second behind Slobodan Milošević, the leader of SPS.[25]: 89–90 [35]

In 1993, Đinđić asserted himself in the party and led its operations going into the 1993 parliamentary election.[11][17][36] Milošević ended his coalition with the Serbian Radical Party (SRS) in mid-1993 and turned towards DS for negotiations instead.[37] Mićunović claimed that there was a meeting between Milošević and DS, although Zoran Živković has denied that claim.[9][37] Đinđić invited several entrepreneurs to join DS during this period and DS was dubbed the "yellow company" from its opponents.[9][20] Yellow was both an official colour of DS and the colour of Centromarket, a company owned by Slobodan Radulović, one of the entrepreneurs invited to join the party.[38] Shortly before the 1993 election, DS agreed that Đinđić should be their ballot representative.[20] He led DS under the "Honestly" (Pošteno) banner and visited over 100 locations in Serbia during the campaign period. Đinđić also said that he would retire from politics if DS won less than 20 seats.[17][39] The campaign was successful: DS won 29 seats in the National Assembly.[39][40] DS remained in opposition after the election as Đinđić was unable to bring DS into the SPS-led government.[36][39][41]

1994–2000: the Đinđić years edit

 
Zoran Đinđić led DS into several opposition coalitions before winning the 2000 elections under the DOS coalition

At a party congress on 25 January 1994, Đinđić was elected president, and Perišić and Miroljub Labus were elected vice-presidents of the party.[21] Mićunović and Vida Ognjenović also resigned from their positions in DS during the congress.[9][21] Đinđić commented that "Mićunović's time has passed... Mićunović is no Tina Turner who sounds better now than when she was 30" (Mićunovićevo vreme je prošlo... Mićunović nije Tina Tarner pa da bolje zvuči sada nego sa trideset godina).[16] By contrast, Mićunović characterised the manner of Đinđić's takeover of DS as a "combination of Machiavellianism and a revolutionary technique" (spoj makijavelizma i revolucionarne tehnike).[42] During this period, Đinđić also benefited from discreet support in the Milošević-controlled state-run media.[16] After Đinđić became the president of DS, the party was reorganised and moved away from Mićunović's "intellectualistic" approach.[43] In 1995, DS rejected Slobodan Gavrilović's proposal to reunite with DSS, while later that year, Mićunović left DS and then formed the Democratic Centre (DC) in 1996.[9][15]: 255 

In September 1996, DS formed the Together coalition with SPO and the Civic Alliance of Serbia (GSS) to take part in the federal parliamentary election and local elections, which were organised for November 1996.[29]: 1715 [44][45] DSS also took part in the coalition, although only at the federal level.[15]: 285  Together won 23 percent of the popular vote in the federal parliamentary elections; it also won local elections in key cities such as Belgrade, Niš, and Novi Sad.[15]: 286–287 [25]: 72  However, the Electoral Commission invalidated those local election results, which ultimately led to mass protests that were attended by hundreds of thousands of people in total.[25]: 79 [46] The aftermath of the protests resulted in Đinđić and Živković becoming mayors of Belgrade and Niš respectively, after the Electoral Commission recognised the results.[46] In September 1997, Đinđić was removed from office after losing a motion of no confidence staged by SPO.[25]: 125 

The Together coalition was dissolved shortly before the 1997 general elections.[47] DS, DSS, and GSS opted to boycott the election, while SPO did not because the government partially accepted their demands.[47][48][49] Čedomir Jovanović and Čedomir Antić, who led the Student Political Club during the 1996–1997 protests, joined DS in 1998.[50][51] In the same year, DS became part of the Alliance for Change [sr], a moderate opposition coalition.[25]: 233 [52] This coalition later became part of a wider alliance, the Democratic Opposition of Serbia (DOS) that was formed in January 2000.[25]: 234 [52] Đinđić faced Slobodan Vuksanović at a party congress in February 2000, with Đinđić ultimately retaining the position of party president.[9][21] Živković and Gavrilović remained vice-presidents of DS and were joined by Predrag Filipov and Boris Tadić.[21] Vuksanović left DS in October 2000 and formed the People's Democratic Party (NDS) in 2001.[9] Milošević, then-President of FR Yugoslavia, amended the federal constitution to provide for direct, rather than indirect, elections in the 2000 general elections.[52] DOS nominated Koštunica as their presidential candidate.[53] Koštunica faced Milošević in the presidential election which he won in the first round.[25]: 245 [54] However, Milošević declined to accept the results, and the Electoral Commission reported that Koštunica had not won more than 50 percent of the votes in the first round and that a second round would be scheduled instead.[52][53] This culminated in mass protests which led to the overthrow of Milošević on 5 October 2000.[52] The Electoral Commission published the actual results two days later, confirming that Koštunica had won in the first round.[55] Together with SPS and SPO, DOS agreed to organise a snap parliamentary election in December 2000 in which DOS won 176 out of 250 seats in the National Assembly.[25]: 271 [52]

2001–2004: Post-Milošević period edit

 
After the assassination of Zoran Đinđić, Boris Tadić was elected president of DS and president of Serbia in 2004

In January 2001, Đinđić was elected prime minister of Serbia; his cabinet was composed of 16 ministers.[56][57][58] Following the extradition of Milošević to the International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia in June 2001, members of DSS left his cabinet.[58][59] DS also adopted its new programme that marked the beginning of the party's shift towards the left.[21] DS nominated Labus, who, at the time, was the leader of a citizens' group, in the presidential election that was organised for September 2002.[60]: 81  The election proceeded to a second round, in which Labus placed second. However, the election was invalidated because less than 50 percent of registered voters turned out to vote, and another election was organised for December 2002.[60]: 24 [61] Labus subsequently became the president of G17 Plus (G17+), a think tank that he registered as a political party.[9][62] DS initially stated its intent to support Koštunica but DSS declined their support.[63]: 21  The December 2002 presidential election was also invalidated as a result of low turnout, and a third presidential election was organised for November 2003.[64]

Đinđić, who was opposed to organised crime, escaped an assassination attempt in February 2003.[65] Đinđić sought to tackle and reduce organised crime and corruption while he also previously introduced security measures due to the growing threats from paramilitary groups and organised crime.[66][67] One month later, on 12 March 2003, Zvezdan Jovanović, a member of the Serbian Mafia's Zemun Clan, assassinated Đinđić as he was exiting a vehicle in front of a government building.[68][69][70]

Živković succeeded Đinđić as prime minister of Serbia and as the acting president of DS.[21][71] In the presidential election in 2003, DS supported Mićunović as part of the DOS coalition.[72] He placed second, but the election was invalidated as a result of low (38 percent) voter turnout.[72][73]: 90  During his premiership, Živković lost confidence from the Social Democratic Party, and he announced that he would not reshuffle his cabinet but call a snap parliamentary election instead; Nataša Mićić, the president of the National Assembly, confirmed that the election would be held in December 2003.[62][74]: 12  DOS then disbanded, and DS nominated Tadić to represent its list in the election instead.[62] DS was on a joint ballot list with DSS, DC, Social Democratic Union (SDU), and List for Sandžak (LZS).[74]: 19  The DS list won 37 seats in the National Assembly, out of which 22 went to DS alone, resulting in DS being in opposition.[62][74]: 19 

At the party congress in February 2004, Tadić and Živković nominated themselves as candidates for the presidency, with the former ultimately becoming the president on 22 February 2004.[21] Mićunović's party merged with DS after Tadić's election as president of DS.[9][21] Otpor, an organisation that played a key role in the overthrow of Milošević, also merged into DS in 2004.[9][75]

The National Assembly amended the Law on the Election of the President of the Republic in February 2004, abolishing the 50 percent voter turnout requirement in presidential elections.[76] DS then nominated Tadić as its presidential candidate in the election that was scheduled for June 2004.[77]: 5 [78] Tadić placed second in the first round, but won in the second round with 53 percent of the popular vote, defeating Tomislav Nikolić of SRS.[76] In December 2004, Tadić expelled Jovanović from the party for breaching party protocol; Jovanović formed the Liberal Democratic Party a year later.[9]

2005–2012: the Tadić years edit

 
Tadić led DS into a coalition government with SPS in 2008, but was sent into opposition after the 2012 elections

During Tadić's first term as president of Serbia, he apologised to Bosnia and Herzegovina and Croatia for Serbia's role in the Yugoslav Wars and pursued a pro-Western foreign policy.[79][80][81] He was reelected, unopposed, as DS president at the party's congress in 2006.[21] In late 2006, G17+ withdrew from Koštunica's government which led Tadić to schedule a snap parliamentary election for January 2007.[82][83]: 23  DS chose Ružica Đinđić, the spouse of Zoran Đinđić, as their ballot representative, campaigning on continuing Đinđić's legacy and fighting against corruption.[82] DS also promised not to form a coalition government with SPS or SRS.[84] DS won over 900,000 votes[85] and negotiated with DSS and G17+ to form a coalition government; Koštunica remained as prime minister and Božidar Đelić of DS was appointed deputy prime minister in his cabinet.[82] In December 2007, Oliver Dulić, the president of the National Assembly, announced that he had scheduled presidential elections for January 2008.[86] DS nominated Tadić for reelection.[87]: 46  He again faced Nikolić in the second round of the election and was successfully re-elected.[87]: 19 [88]

Shortly after the 2008 presidential election, Kosovo declared its independence from Serbia.[89] Kosovo's declaration of independence, as well as the issue of European integration, resulted in a political crisis between DS and G17+ on one side and DSS on the other.[90] Koštunica embraced anti-Western positions and was a hardliner on the Kosovo issue; he blamed his coalition partners for "creating an unworkable rift in the government" during his resignation speech.[91][92][93] Koštunica also said that "he could no longer rule in a coalition with DS", and as a result, Tadić announced a snap parliamentary election for May 2008.[94][95] Prior to the election, DS formed the For a European Serbia (ZES) coalition composed of DS, G17+, SDP, SPO, the Democratic Alliance of Croats in Vojvodina (DSHV), and the League of Social Democrats of Vojvodina (LSV).[96]: 45  This coalition nominated Mićunović as their ballot representative and campaigned on continuing negotiations for the accession of Serbia to the European Union.[90] ZES placed first, winning 102 seats in the National Assembly; DS won 64 seats out of those 102.[96]: 142 [97] After the election, DS was excluded from government formation talks, and in June 2008, it entered talks with SPS to form a coalition government.[96]: 153–154  DS and SPS agreed to continue Serbia's accession to the European Union, work on fighting crime and corruption, and enact social justice reforms to help the vulnerable sections of the population.[96]: 154–156  DS and SPS formalised their cooperation after the election by signing a reconciliation agreement.[98] The new government was formed in July 2008, with Mirko Cvetković, an independent politician affiliated with DS,[99] serving as prime minister and Ivica Dačić, the leader of SPS, serving as deputy prime minister.[90]

The DS-led government was faced with the arrest of Radovan Karadžić, Kosovo's declaration of independence, and the global financial crisis that resulted in low rates of economic growth.[98][100]: 11–13  The Serbian Progressive Party (SNS), now led by Nikolić, arranged mass protests in 2011, demanding that Tadić call snap elections;[101] Tadić complied, and called an election in March 2012 to be held two months later in May.[102][103] In April, however, Tadić announced that he would resign as president and that presidential elections would be held on the same day as the parliamentary election.[104] DS led the Choice for a Better Life (IZBŽ) coalition that also included DSHV, LSV, the Social Democratic Party of Serbia, the Greens of Serbia, and the Christian Democratic Party of Serbia.[98][105] Dragan Đilas, the deputy president of DS and mayor of Belgrade, was chosen as the coalition's ballot representative. DS campaigned on economic recovery, emphasising attracting foreign investments and developing small business.[98] IZBŽ placed second, winning 67 seats, and 49 of those were won by DS alone.[100]: 34 [106] In the presidential election, Tadić placed first in the first round of voting, but lost to Nikolić in the second.[100]: 22 [107]

Following the 2012 parliamentary election, SPS successfully formed a government with SNS, and DS went into opposition.[98][108] Đilas, who was re-elected as mayor of Belgrade, was positioned as a prominent candidate to succeed Tadić as president of DS.[109][110] An extraordinary party congress was called for 25 November 2012, with Đilas and Branimir Kuzmanović put forward as the only candidates to succeed Tadić as president of DS.[111] Đilas was elected president in a landslide victory and Tadić was awarded the title of an honorary president.[112][113] Additionally, Pajtić was re-elected as vice-president and was joined by Nataša Vučković, Vesna Martinović, Dejan Nikolić, Miodrag Rakić, Goran Ćirić, and Jovan Marković.[114] Živković criticised the measure to award Tadić the honorary president title and described it as a "rotten compromise between Đilas and Tadić"; this led to his departure from DS.[115][116] After leaving DS, Živković announced the formation of the New Party (Nova).[115][117] As president of DS, Đilas ordered former government ministers to resign from the National Assembly.[118] This order received support from Tadić, but was criticised by Mićunović and Dušan Petrović, the former minister of agriculture, who refused to resign.[118][119]

2013–2017: Internal crisis edit

Petrović was expelled from DS in January 2013[120] and subsequently formed a parliamentary group named Together for Serbia (ZZS) which was later registered as a political party.[121][122] Former minister of foreign affairs Vuk Jeremić was expelled from DS in February 2013.[123] Jeremić claimed that the party's decision was unconstitutional and filed a suit in the Constitutional Court.[124] His appeal was rejected; Jeremić complied with the decision and left DS, although he kept his seat in the National Assembly.[125] DS also dropped to 13 percent support amongst the public while SNS received over 40 percent.[126] In September 2013, SNS filed a motion of no confidence against Đilas, resulting in his dismissal.[127][128] SNS cited DS' poor results and asserted that "DS lost legitimacy" as reasons for the motion while Đilas stated that "this is the beginning of a dictatorship and a one-party system" (smatra da je to uvod u diktaturu i jednopartijski sistem).[129] As a consequence, local boards of DS called for Đilas to resign as president of DS.[130] Tadić was accused of conspiring against Đilas in a bid to return to the post of president of DS, and the accusations called attention to the conflict between Đilas and Tadić.[130] This resulted in an internal party motion of no confidence against Đilas. He survived.[131][132] Đilas and Pajtić also suggested that an extraordinary congress should be held after the Belgrade City Assembly election which was ultimately scheduled for March 2014.[132] Tadić left DS on 30 January 2014, citing his disagreement with party leadership.[133][134] Shortly after, Tadić announced that he would begin collecting signatures to register his new party, the New Democratic Party[135] later renamed the Social Democratic Party,[136] to participate in the snap parliamentary election scheduled to be held on the same day as the Belgrade City Assembly election.[137]

DS announced that it would take part in the 2014 parliamentary election with Nova, DSHV, Rich Serbia, and the United Trade Unions of Serbia "Sloga" as part of the With the Democratic Party for a Democratic Serbia coalition.[138][139] The coalition only won 19 seats in the National Assembly; DS won 17 seats and Nova won 2.[140]: 77 [141] In the Belgrade City Assembly election, the DS coalition won 22 seats.[142] After the elections, an extraordinary congress was organised on 31 May 2014.[143][144] Pajtić faced Đilas and Pajtić was successfully elected to the presidency of DS.[145][146] Đilas subsequently resigned from his position as a member of the National Assembly and left DS in June 2016.[147][148] Borko Stefanović, a vice-president of DS, left the party in December 2015, citing ideological differences, and then formed the Serbian Left (LS).[147][149] In March 2016, Nikolić called for snap parliamentary elections to take place in April 2016.[150] DS then formed the "For a Just Serbia" coalition with Nova, ZZS, DSHV, and Together for Šumadija.[147][151] The coalition won 16 seats in the National Assembly, 12 of which were occupied by DS.[152]: 10 [153] After the election, a party congress was organised for 24 September 2016.[154] Pajtić faced Dragan Šutanovac, Zoran Lutovac, and Srboljub Antić in the leadership election.[155] He ultimately lost to Šutanovac in the first round. Marković, Branislav Lečić, Nada Kolundžija, Goran Salak, and Tamara Tripić were elected vice-presidents.[156][157]

In January 2017, Šutanovac announced that DS would support Saša Janković in the 2017 presidential election instead of filing its own candidate.[158][159] DS also called for other parties to rally around Janković as a joint opposition candidate.[160] During the campaign, Janković used the infrastructure of DS to position himself as the leader of the opposition.[152]: 12  He placed second behind Aleksandar Vučić of SNS, winning 16 percent of the popular vote.[161] After the election, Janković stopped cooperating with DS and formed the Movement of Free Citizens (PSG) in May 2017.[152]: 93 [162] In preparation for the 2018 Belgrade City Assembly election, DS advocated for the opposition parties to participate on a joint list.[163] By the end of 2017, DS had announced that it would take part in a coalition with Nova, with Šutanovac as their mayoral candidate.[164]

2018–present: the Lutovac years edit

 
Zoran Lutovac has been the president of DS since 2018

DS and Nova were joined by Tadić's SDS in January 2018, while the Green Ecological Party – The Greens also appeared on the ballot.[165][166] However, the coalition did not win any seats as it only received 2 percent of the popular vote.[167][168] This led to the resignations of Šutanovac and Balša Božović, the president of the DS branch in Belgrade.[169][170]

In April 2018, DS announced that a party congress would be arranged for 2 June 2018.[171] The leadership election was contested by Lutovac, Branislav Lečić, and Gordana Čomić.[172] Lutovac ultimately won the election. Nikolić, Aleksandra Jerkov, Dragana Rakić, Dragoslav Šumarac, and Saša Paunović were elected vice-presidents.[173][174] Lutovac announced that DS "must organise itself" and that DS would cooperate with the Alliance for Serbia (SZS), a group in the City Assembly of Belgrade led by Đilas.[173][175] However, SZS was reorganised as a nationwide coalition in September 2018 that, in addition to DS, included ZZS, Sloga, LS, Jeremić's People's Party (Narodna), Dveri, the Movement for Reversal (PZP), and Healthy Serbia.[176][177] In internal DS deliberations, founding members Mićunović and Ognjenović, as well as Čomić and Šutanovac, were opposed to joining SZS.[178] After the physical attack on the leader of LS in November 2018, SZS organised mass anti-government protests.[179][180] In January 2019, DS announced it's intent to boycott the sessions of the National Assembly, the City Assembly of Belgrade, and the Assembly of Vojvodina, claiming that the bodies did not have legitimacy due to the government's obstruction of the parliamentary opposition by allegedly "violating the rules of Parliament, as well as laws and the Constitution".[181][182] DS also signed the "Agreement with the People" which stated that if fair and free conditions for elections were not met, it would boycott the 2020 parliamentary election.[183]

In February 2019, Lutovac and Tadić began discussing merging their parties to become "the main option for civic-democratic voters that will be able to integrate voters that are against Aleksandra Vučić" (glavna opcija za građansko-demokratske birače i koja će biti u stanju da integriše snage koje su protiv Aleksandra Vučića).[184][185] This decision was approved by both DS and SDS.[186][187] ZZS, led by Nebojša Zelenović, also joined the talks.[188] The merger was formalised as a union in May 2019 under the name United Democratic Party.[189] The merger was to be completed upon the relaxation of COVID-19 pandemic measures.[190] During the COVID-19 pandemic, SDS left the process, with Tadić later claiming that Lutovac allegedly put an end to the merger.[191][192] As part of SZS, in September 2019 DS announced that it would boycott the 2020 parliamentary election.[193][194] The decision to boycott the election received criticism from some DS members, such as Mićunović and Šutanovac, who stated that DS officials in response would create citizens' groups to encourage voting in the elections.[195][196][197] During a session of the party's main board in November 2019, Lečić, Jerkov, Božović, Radoslav Milojičić, and Slobodan Milosavljević left a meeting to attempt to break quorum after demanding a new leadership election.[198][199] Lutovac described the move as a coup d'état and claimed that Vučić was attempting to break up DS.[199][200] He also later claimed that a group inside DS was attempting to cooperate with Vučić.[201] After attending a session in the National Assembly in February 2020, Čomić was expelled from DS.[202] She was later featured on United Democratic Serbia's ballot and became a government minister.[203][204]

DS' scheduled March 2020 party congress was postponed as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic and rescheduled for 21 June 2020 when the parliamentary election was also scheduled to be take place.[205][206] During the party congress, a group of DS members left the congress to hold an alternate leadership election.[207] The congress continued on 28 June 2020; the dissatisfied group held its own congress in Belgrade with Tadić in attendance, while Lutovac held the official party congress in Šabac.[208] Lutovac then expelled Lečić, Božović, Milojičić and Milosavljević from DS.[209] The dissatisfied group then chose Lečić as president. The Ministry of Public Administration and Local Self-Government rejected Lečić's request to be recognised as the legal president of DS, concluding that Lutovac was its legitimate president.[210][211] Lečić then formed the Democrats of Serbia that later merged into Tadić's SDS.[212][213]

During the conflict between the two DS factions, SZS was dissolved and succeeded by the United Opposition of Serbia (UOPS).[214][215] However, UOPS dissolved in January 2021 due to a dispute regarding inter-party dialogues on electoral conditions between Narodna and Party of Freedom and Justice (SSP), the party led by Đilas.[216][217] DS organised a congress on 4 July 2021; Lutovac was reelected president and Rakić was reelected deputy president. Tatjana Manojlović, Nenad Mitrović, Miodrag Gavrilović, and Branimir Jovančićević were elected vice-presidents.[218] After the congress, DS, Narodna, SSP, and PSG announced that they would cooperate in the 2022 Serbian general election.[219][220] Their coalition was formalised in February 2022 under the name United for the Victory of Serbia (UZPS); they nominated Zdravko Ponoš of Narodna as their presidential candidate.[221][222] UZPS won 14 percent of the popular vote in the parliamentary election; DS won 10 seats.[223][224] Ponoš placed second in the presidential election behind Vučić.[225] After the election, UZPS was dissolved with Lutovac stating that it was only a pre-election coalition.[226][227] Shortly before the first constitutive session of the National Assembly on 1 August 2022, Narodna, DS, Do not let Belgrade drown, and Together nominated Lutovac for vice-president of the National Assembly.[228] He was successfully elected on 2 August 2022.[229] The Movement of Free Serbia, which was a part of the UZPS coalition, merged into DS in September 2022.[230]

After the May 2023 Belgrade school shooting and mass murder in Mladenovac and Smederevo, DS was one of the organising parties of the mass protests.[231][232] In August 2023, DS, Together, and Serbia Centre signed a cooperation agreement.[233] DS became part of the Serbia Against Violence (SPN) coalition in October 2023, a coalition of political parties organising the 2023 protests.[234] SPN announced that it would contest the parliamentary, Vojvodina provincial, and Belgrade City Assembly elections, all scheduled for 17 December 2023.[235][236] Manojlović resigned as vice-president of DS when her name was absent from the SPN electoral list for the parliamentary elections.[237] In the parliamentary election, SPN won 65 seats, 8 of which went to DS.[238]

Ideology and platform edit

Mićunović and Đinđić era edit

DS was a catch-all party during its early period and was composed of ideologically heterogeneous groups.[15]: 59–61 [16] It included the founders of the Praxis School, Mićunović and Đinđić, who were labelled liberals, as well as Čavoški, Koštunica, and Milošević, who argued for the adoption of a stronger anti-communist position inside the party.[15]: 60 [16] DS was also divided on nationalism, with members such as Gligorov and Inić arguing that nationalism should be solved within a common Yugoslav state, while members like Đogo favoured a Greater Serbian policy.[15]: 60  DS supported a mixed economy with a strong role of the market, but it also sought to implement reforms towards establishing a modern market economy and integrating Serbia into the European Community.[9][15]: 59 [239]: 80  DS adopted a "civic and centrist identity", and in its Letter of Intent of December 1989, it stated its support for the establishment of a democratic and multi-party system.[15]: 59 [239]: 80  Regarding Yugoslavia, DS supported federalisation and a pluralistic democratic order to guarantee human security and personal freedom and decrease ethnic conflicts.[15]: 59 

Political scientist Dijana Vukomanović has argued that DS has promoted liberalism in an economic and democratic sense since its formation, and noted that, in its 1990 programme, DS emphasised establishing a representative parliamentary democracy, and advancing human and political freedoms and civic rights.[240]: 92  By contrast, political scientist Vukašin Pavlović has noted that DS could be described as centre-right at the time of its formation in 1990 due to its founders' ideological positions.[2]: 143  Likewise, Metropolitan University Prague lecturer Marko Stojić has described DS in its founding era as centre-right because its programme advocated a liberal market economy and minimal role for the state.[241]: 62  Political scientist Vladimir Goati has positioned the 1990s DS on the moderate right, noting its support for private property rights and the omission of the regulatory and redistributive functions of the state from its 1992 programme .[25]: 66  Goati has also categorised the party as liberal-democratic, explaining that after 1993, DS began to use less anti-communist rhetoric compared with other opposition parties.[25]: 103–104  In 1991, then-Washington Post journalist Blaine Harden described DS as a "moderate, opposition" party,[242] and in a 1999 report, BBC News described DS as centrist.[243] Scholar Slaviša Orlović has noted that the party "provide[d] a balance of goals of the right and left political traditions".[2]: 156 

Political scientist Slobodan Antonić has stated that although DS was formed as a civic party—in its 1992 programme, DS identified itself as a "civic, national, liberal, and socially responsible" party[2]: 156 —it had a "nationalistic phase" in mid-1990s, supporting the "modernisation of the country" as well as the self-determination of Serbs,[2]: 156–157  but that, soon after, it returned to civic positions.[244]: 57  Additionally, political scientist Jovan Komšić has noted that DS moderated its stance on nationalism after the 1995 Dayton Agreement, thereafter focusing on the "democratisation of Serbia".[2]: 156–157  Goati has described DS as an anti-system party because it opposed the 1990 constitution.[25]: 41 

Under Đinđić, DS shifted to more pragmatic and flexible approaches and principles, becoming the leading anti-Milošević party after 1998.[43][239]: 91 [245] Đinđić has been described as a pro-Western reformist and a technocrat.[69][70] DS advocated for denationalisation and free mass distribution of shares, and established the Centre for Privatisation.[240]: 93  However, DS also supported the right to work, trade union rights, social security, and the fight against unemployment.[240]: 93  DS described these economic positions as "people's capitalism", but the party dropped these positions after coming to power in 2001, when it began promoting neoliberalism.[240]: 94  DS was also associated with the "shock therapy", group of economic policies.[2]: 170  DS supported policies that would bring Serbia closer to the West and reintegrate Serbia into the international community, and also supported the extradition of Serbian citizens that were indicted by the ICTY.[241]: 45–46 

Tadić era edit

 
DS officials at a gathering dedicated to Serbia gaining candidate status for European Union membership

Despite trying to position itself as a social democratic party after Đinđić's assassination, Vukomanović has argued that the leadership of DS did not "dare to take a decisive step towards the left".[2]: 170 [240]: 98  Political scientist Zoran Stojiljković has noted that, instead, it shifted towards social liberalism.[246]: 144  On the other hand, political scientist Zoran Slavujević argued in 2003 that, at the time, DS "was still positioned between the centre and centre-right".[246]: 166  Others have described DS under Tadić as centrist, and as associated with liberalism and social liberalism.[2]: 92–93, 114 [5]: 25, 450 [247][248]

Tadić has been described as a liberal, a label he accepts.[249] During his leadership, he was considered to be popular amongst businessmen due to his support for the accession of Serbia to the European Union.[78][250] Despite being supported by liberals, DS would occasionally position itself as a "state-building party of the centre-left".[2]: 115  During Tadić's tenure, DS was the leading party of the liberal and pro-European bloc,[83]: 14  but it also promoted privatisation to accelerate Serbia's economic development.[83]: 61  Stojić has noted that DS' programmatic shift towards social democracy began in 2007, but while in government, DS did not pursue a social democratic agenda.[241]: 63 

DS under Tadić has been described as internationalist[251] and pro-Western.[94][252] Although it also declared itself in favour of military neutrality, DS expressed sympathy for, and its government ministers cooperated with, NATO.[2]: 64 [253] DS also believed that the political status of Kosovo should be solved via diplomacy,[83]: 59  although it did not adopt a clear stance on the issue following Kosovo's declaration of independence in 2008.[87]: 5  Under Tadić, DS took a balanced approach towards foreign relations; for example, a year after Kosovo's declaration, Tadić hosted U.S. Vice-president Joe Biden and Russian President Dmitry Medvedev for talks.[254] Shortly before the 2012 elections, Serbia received candidate status for European Union membership.[255]

To attract ethnic minority voters, DS exploited the cultural-ideological cleft in Vojvodina, seeking to attract voters from minority interests parties,[2]: 23  and promoted regionalism.[256] DS also advocated for the improvement of the standard of living and for a balanced regional development,[83]: 59–60  and proposed the creation of an independent body that would implement anti-corruption measures in the judiciary.[83]: 64 

Post-Tadić era edit

After 2012, DS shifted further to the left and began identifying itself as social democratic,[5]: 25 [257]: 8  a description which has since been accepted by scholars and political observers.[241]: 61 [258][259] Stojić has categorised DS as social democratic and as a party with a "liberal legacy".[241]: 62  DS has been described as being on the centre-left of the political spectrum.[260][261][262] By contrast, Dušan Spasojević, a professor at the Faculty of Political Sciences of the University of Belgrade, has described DS' social views as being orientated towards the left.[263] The current leader of DS, Zoran Lutovac, describes himself as a leftist.[264]

DS has served in opposition to SNS since 2012.[265] It has been critical of the government's stance on Kosovo,[266][267] although it supported the 2013 Brussels Agreement.[268] In an interview, Šutanovac described the Kosovo issue as a "not an everyday political problem".[269] During the North Kosovo crisis in 2023, DS voiced its opposition to the Ohrid Agreement, with Lutovac claiming that "the agreement does not respect the interests of Serbia and the rights of Serbs in Kosovo" but also because DS "does not want to give Vučić legitimacy for what he did".[270]

When Đilas led DS in opposition to SNS during the 2014 election, he pledged to provide free textbooks for students and full salaries for pregnant women, increase wages for healthcare workers, and help pensioners.[140]: 16  DS is opposed to jadarite mining and was one of the signatories of an agreement on the prohibition of exploration, exploitation, and processing of lithium in Serbia in October 2021.[271][272]

DS has declared itself to be "the bearer of the most progressive ideas"; it is in favour of protecting workers, minorities, and the environment, and it supports guaranteed rights to healthcare, education, and pensions.[5]: 32–33 [‡ 2] In 2014, the Gay Straight Alliance, an association that promotes LGBT rights in Serbia, described DS as the "most positive party towards the LGBT community".[273] DS has condemned violence against the LGBT community and in August 2022, it supported hosting 2022 EuroPride in Belgrade.[274][275] It has also criticised the attacks on the Pride Info Centre in Belgrade.[276]

Demographic characteristics edit

Before the federal parliamentary election in December 1992, a majority of DS supporters preferred a citizen state (građanska država) over a nation state (nacionalna država).[25]: 64  According to political scientist Dragomir Pantić, supporters of DS in the 1990s shared similar characteristics with supporters of DSS, GSS, and other minority parties.[2]: 32  DS supporters were young and urban, and they came from the middle and upper classes.[2]: 32  Public intellectuals, technicians, and those who worked in the private sector were also supporters of DS.[2]: 35  After 2000, DS voters professed liberal-democratic values; they were also less religious, opposed to authoritarianism and centralism, and supportive of political reforms.[2]: 32–35  Political scientist Ilija Vujačić, however, has argued that DS supporters in the 21st century skewed more towards the political centre.[277] In 2007, political scientist Srećko Mihailović noted that a majority of DS supporters identified with the left—18% with the far-left, 22% with the left-wing, and 25% with the centre-left—while 18% described themselves as centrist.[278]

According to a 2005 opinion poll, 66% of DS supporters thought Serbia should rely on the European Union for Serbia's foreign policy.[279] In opinion polls conducted prior to the 2008 elections, a majority of DS supporters declared themselves to be pro-European.[96]: 13 

In 2012, a majority of DS voters were female, below 50 years old, and possessed a high school or university diploma.[100]: 84–86  DS supporters were mostly workers, technicians, officials, and dependents.[100]: 87  In 2014, 80% of DS supporters were female, 60% of supporters were under 50 years old, and a majority of supporters held either a high school or university diploma.[140]: 104  In 2014, most DS supporters were tolerant of diversity and they rejected authoritarianism and nationalism.[140]: 104  By 2016, most DS supporters were younger than 40.[280] November 2020 research conducted by the Heinrich Böll Foundation found that supporters of DS viewed themselves as socially progressive.[257]: 14 

Organisation edit

As of May 2023, DS is led by Zoran Lutovac who was elected president in 2018.[173] At the party congress in 2021, Lutovac was re-elected president and Rakić was elected deputy president; Jovančićević, Gavrilović, and Mitrović currently serve as vice-presidents.[218] Lutovac is also the party's parliamentary leader in the National Assembly.[281]

DS has its headquarters at Nušićeva 6/II in Belgrade.[282] From 1990 to 1998, DS put out the newspaper Demokratija,[283] Since July 2021, the party has published the newspaper Bedem.[284][‡ 3] Its youth wing, the Democratic Youth, has been led by Stefan Ninić since February 2022.[285] DS also operates a women's wing called Women's Forum.[286] DS membership is open to every adult citizen of Serbia who is not a member of another party organisation.[5]: 56  In December 2010, DS reported that it had 185,192 members;[21] by 2013, the numer had increased to 196,673 members.[287][‡ 4] However, only 18,459 DS members had the right to vote in the 2016 leadership election.[287]

DS has city, local, and municipal branches, as well as a special branch in Vojvodina.[5]: 58–59  DS has an assembly, a main board, a presidency, an executive board, a statutory commission—which includes the centre of departmental committees and the centre for education—a supervisory board, a political council, and an ethics committee.[5]: 59 [288][289] DS also operates the Foundation for Improving Democracy "Ljuba Davidović".[290] The main board is the highest body of DS; the president of DS represents and manages the party.[5]: 61–63  Ten political parties have been formed as splits from DS: the DC, DSS, now known as the New Democratic Party of Serbia,[291] G17+, LDP, Nova, NDS, LS, SLS, SDS, and ZZS.[292]

International cooperation edit

DS has been a member of the Socialist International since 2003, and in December 2006, it became an associate member of the Party of European Socialists.[2]: 36 [293] According to Doris Pack, a German politician and close friend of Đinđić, Đinđić made the decision to apply to become an associate member of the Party of European Socialists; Zoran Alimpić, a senior DS official, stated that the decision came as a surprise to senior DS officials.[241]: 63  DS is also affiliated with the Progressive Alliance.[258][294] Its youth wing is a member of the Young European Socialists[295][296] and a full member of the International Union of Socialist Youth.[297] In the Parliamentary Assembly of the Council of Europe, DS was associated with the Socialist Group.[298]

In 2014, Pajtić—with Sergey Stanishev, then-president of the Party of European Socialists, Victor Ponta, then-leader of the Social Democratic Party of Romania, and Zlatko Lagumdžija, then-leader of the Social Democratic Party of Bosnia and Herzegovina—met with Li Yuanchao, an official of the Chinese Communist Party, to discuss economic relations between China and Europe.[299] In 2017, Šutanovac met with Zoran Zaev, the leader of the Social Democratic Union of Macedonia, to discuss regional cooperation, Serbia and North Macedonia's integration into the European Union, and cooperation inside the Party of European Socialists.[300][301]

List of presidents edit

# President Birth–Death Term start Term end
1 Dragoljub Mićunović   1930– 3 February 1990 25 January 1994
2 Zoran Đinđić   1952–2003 25 January 1994 12 March 2003
(assassinated)
– Zoran Živković
(acting)		   1960– 12 March 2003 22 February 2004
3 Boris Tadić   1958– 22 February 2004 25 November 2012
4 Dragan Đilas   1967– 25 November 2012 31 May 2014
5 Bojan Pajtić   1970– 31 May 2014 24 September 2016
6 Dragan Šutanovac   1968– 24 September 2016 2 June 2018
7 Zoran Lutovac   1964– 2 June 2018 Incumbent

Electoral performance edit

Parliamentary elections edit

National Assembly of Serbia
Year Leader Popular vote % of popular vote # # of seats Seat change Coalition Status Ref.
1990 Dragoljub Mićunović 374,887 7.78%   3rd
7 / 250
   7 – Opposition [302]
1992 196,347 4.42%   4th
6 / 250
   1 – Opposition [303]
1993 497,582 12.06%   4th
29 / 250
   23 – Opposition [304]
1997 Zoran Đinđić Election boycott
0 / 250
   29 – Extra-parliamentary [305]
2000 2,402,387 65.69%   1st
45 / 250
   45 DOS Government [306]
2003 Boris Tadić 481,249 12.75%   3rd
22 / 250
   23 DS–GSS–SDU–LZS Opposition [307]
2007 915,854 23.08%   2nd
60 / 250
   38 DS–SDP–DSHV Government [308]
2008 1,590,200 39.25%   1st
64 / 250
   4 ZES Government [309]
2012 863,294 23.09%   2nd
49 / 250
   15 IZBŽ Opposition [310]
2014 Dragan Đilas 216,634 6.23%   3rd
17 / 250
   32 DS–DSHV–Nova–BS Opposition [311]
2016 Bojan Pajtić 227,589 6.20%   5th
12 / 250
   5 DS–Nova–DSHV–ZZS–ZZŠ Opposition [312]
2020 Zoran Lutovac Election boycott
0 / 250
   12 SZS Extra-parliamentary [313]
2022 520,469 14.09%   2nd
10 / 250
   10 UZPS Opposition [314]
2023 902,450 24.32%   2nd
8 / 250
   2 SPN TBA

Presidential elections edit

President of Serbia
Year Candidate 1st round popular vote % of popular vote 2nd round popular vote % of popular vote Notes Ref.
1990 Did not participate –
1992 Milan Panić 2nd 1,516,693 34.65% — — — Supported Panić [315]
Sep 1997 Election boycott Election annulled due to low turnout –
Dec 1997 Election boycott –
Sep–Oct 2002 Miroljub Labus 2nd 995,200 27.96% 2nd 921,094 31.62% Supported Labus; election annulled due to low turnout [316]
Dec 2002 Did not participate Election annulled due to low turnout –
2003 Dragoljub Mićunović 2nd 893,906 36.67% — — — Election annulled due to low turnout [317]
2004 Boris Tadić 2nd 853,584 27.70% 1st 1,681,528 53.97% [318]
2008 2nd 1,457,030 36.08% 1st 2,304,467 51.19% [319]
2012 1st 989,454 26.50% 2nd 1,481,952 48.84% [310]
2017 Saša Janković 2nd 507,728 16.63% — — — Supported Janković [320]
2022 Zdravko Ponoš 2nd 698,538 18.84% — — — Supported Ponoš [321]

Federal parliamentary elections edit

Year Leader Popular vote % of popular vote # # of seats Seat change Coalition Status Notes Ref.
May 1992 Dragoljub Mićunović Election boycott
0 / 136
   0 – Extra-parliamentary –
1992–1993 280,183 6.32%   4th
5 / 138
   5 – Opposition [25]: 213 
1996 Zoran Đinđić 969,296 23.77%   2nd
22 / 138
   17 Together Opposition Coalition Together won 22 seats in total [25]: 214 
2000 2,040,646 43.86%   1st
58 / 138
   36 DOS Government DOS won 58 seats in total [25]: 269 
2,092,799 46.23%   1st
10 / 40
   10 DOS Government DOS won 10 seats in total [25]: 270 

Federal presidential elections edit

President of FR Yugoslavia
Year Candidate 1st round popular vote % of popular vote 2nd round popular vote % of popular vote Notes Ref.
2000 Vojislav Koštunica 1st 2,470,304 51.71% — — — Supported Koštunica [25]: 269 

References edit

  1. ^ a b Matarić, Maja J.; Ninković, Višnja (2006). "Remembering the Beginnings of the (re-established) Democratic Party". The South Slav Journal. 27 (3–4). London: Dositej Obradović Circle: 62–71. ISSN 0141-6146 – via British Library.
  2. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r Orlović, Slaviša (2011). Partije i izbori u Srbiji: 20 godina [Parties and Elections in Serbia: 20 Years] (in Serbian). Belgrade: Friedrich Ebert Foundation. ISBN 9788684031497. OCLC 951723578.
  3. ^ Biondich, Mark (2011). The Balkans: Revolution, War, and Political Violence Since 1878. Oxford: Oxford University Press. p. 180. ISBN 9780199299058. OCLC 718575569.
  4. ^ a b c Bugajski, Janusz (2019) [2002]. Political Parties of Eastern Europe: A Guide to Politics in the Post-Communist Era. Abingdon, Oxon: Routledge. p. 582. ISBN 9781563246760.
  5. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k Stojiljković, Zoran; Pilipović, Gordana; Spasojević, Dušan (2013). (Ne)demokratsko redizajniranje političkih partija Srbije [The (Un)Democratic Redesign of Serbia's Political Parties] (in Serbian). Belgrade: Konrad Adenauer Foundation. ISBN 9788686661692.
  6. ^ Velikić, Dragan (2012). "Izlet u pamet" [A trip to the mind]. Helsinška povelja (in Serbian) (163): 14. CEEOL 240714.
  7. ^ "Demokratska stranka obeležila 28 godina postojanja" [Democratic Party celebrates 28 years of existence] (in Serbian). Novinska agencija Beta. 3 February 2018. from the original on 18 January 2023. Retrieved 18 January 2023.
  8. ^ "Osnivači Demokratske stranke" [Founders of the Democratic Party]. Politika (in Serbian). 22 March 2008. from the original on 18 January 2023. Retrieved 18 January 2023.
  9. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q "Rascepi i ujedinjenja u Demokratskoj stranci" [Splits and mergers in the Democratic Party]. Vreme (in Serbian). 12 July 2012. from the original on 20 January 2023. Retrieved 20 January 2023.
  10. ^ DeRouen, Karl R.; Heo, Uk (2007). Civil Wars of the World: Major Conflicts Since World War II. Santa Barbara, California: ABC-CLIO. p. 312. ISBN 9781851099191. OCLC 76864224.
  11. ^ a b c "Tri lidera na jednom putu" [Three leaders on one road]. NIN (in Serbian). 10 February 2010. from the original on 20 January 2023. Retrieved 20 January 2023.
  12. ^ Sotirović, Vladislav B. (2010). "The Multiparty Elections in Serbia in 1990". Politikos mokslų almanachas (6): 9. ISSN 1822-9212.
  13. ^ Pauković, Davor (22 December 2008). "Posljednji kongres Saveza komunista Jugoslavije: uzroci, tijek i posljedice raspada" [Last Congress of the League of Communists of Yugoslavia: Causes, Consequences and Course of Dissolution]. Suvremene Teme (in Serbian). 1 (1): 29. ISSN 1849-2428.
  14. ^ Zlojutro, Darko (12 December 2019). "Njih 13 obnovilo je rad Demokratske stranke i sebi potpisalo smrtnu presudu! Mnogi su pobegli iz DS u druge tabore" [13 of them renewed the Democratic Party and signed themselves a death sentence! Many fled from DS to other political camps]. Espreso (in Serbian). from the original on 20 January 2023. Retrieved 20 January 2023.
  15. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n Thomas, Robert (1999). Serbia Under Milošević: Politics in the 1990s. London: Hurst & Co. Publishers. ISBN 1850653410. OCLC 41355127.
  16. ^ a b c d e Vukadinović, Đorđe (16 January 2002). "Čovek na mestu ili konac delo krasi" [A man in a place or a thread adorns the work]. Vreme (in Serbian). from the original on 21 January 2023. Retrieved 21 January 2023.
  17. ^ a b c d e Miladinović, Veljko; Telesković, Dušan (3 February 2020). "30 godina od obnove Demokratske stranke: Od intelektualne elite preko "žutog preduzeća" do velike neizvesnosti" [30 years since the restoration of the Democratic Party: From the intellectual elite to the "yellow company" to great uncertainty]. Nedeljnik (in Serbian). from the original on 22 September 2022. Retrieved 20 January 2023.
  18. ^ Popović, Srđa; Milivojević, Andrej; Đinović, Slobodan (2007). Nenasilna borba u 50 tačaka: strateški pristup svakodnevnoj taktici [Nonviolent Struggle in 50 Points: A Strategic Approach to Everyday Tactics] (PDF) (in Serbian). Belgrade: Samizdat B92. p. 174. ISBN 9788690899708. (PDF) from the original on 2 February 2023. Retrieved 20 January 2023.
  19. ^ "Demokratska omladina danas proslavlja svoj trideseti rođendan" [Democratic Youth celebrates its thirtieth birthday today]. Danas (in Serbian). 12 May 2020. from the original on 20 January 2023. Retrieved 20 January 2023.
  20. ^ a b c d e f "Devet godina Demokratske stranke" [Nine years of the Democratic Party]. Vreme (in Serbian). 13 February 1999. from the original on 20 January 2023. Retrieved 20 January 2023.
  21. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m Tomić, N. (17 December 2010). "Sve skupštine demokrata" [All assemblies of the Democrats]. Danas (in Serbian). from the original on 20 January 2023. Retrieved 20 January 2023.
  22. ^ Kojić, Nikola (10 February 2020). "Izbori 1990: Rekordna izlaznost, glumački okršaj i istorijska pobeda socijalista" [1990 election: Record turnout, acting battle, and historic victory of the Socialists]. N1 (in Serbian). from the original on 11 January 2023. Retrieved 5 January 2023.
  23. ^ Egeresi, Zoltán (2020). "Serbia: Belated Democratisation". In Dúró, József; Egeresi, Zoltán (eds.). Political History of the Balkans (1989–2018) (PDF). Budapest: Dialóg Campus. p. 142. ISBN 9789635311613. OCLC 1292456936. (PDF) from the original on 11 January 2023. Retrieved 5 January 2023.
  24. ^ Miladinović, Aleksandar (9 March 2021). "Tri decenije protesta Devetog marta u Beogradu: "Dan sa više suza nego suzavca"" [Three decades since the March 9 protests in Belgrade: "A day with more tears than tear gas"]. BBC News (in Serbian). from the original on 20 January 2023. Retrieved 20 January 2023.
  25. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v Goati, Vladimir (2001). Izbori u SRJ od 1990. do 1998.: volja građana ili izborna manipulacija? [Elections in the FRY from 1990 to 1998: the will of the citizens or electoral manipulation?] (PDF) (in Serbian) (2nd ed.). Belgrade: CeSID. OCLC 499043191. (PDF) from the original on 29 April 2021. Retrieved 5 January 2023.
  26. ^ "Tri decenije od prvih velikih demonstracija protiv vladavine Slobodana Miloševića" [Three decades since the first large demonstrations against the rule of Slobodan Milošević]. Radio Television of Serbia (in Serbian). 9 March 2021. Retrieved 18 August 2023.
  27. ^ "What Is the former Yugoslavia?". International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia. from the original on 5 January 2023. Retrieved 5 January 2023.
  28. ^ de Casadevante Romani, Carlos Fernández (2022). "There Is No Right to Succession in the Membership of International Organizations as a Result of Secession". In Fernández De Casadevante Romani, Carlos Fernández (ed.). Legal Implications of Territorial Secession in Spain. Springer. p. 307. doi:10.1007/978-3-031-04609-4. ISBN 9783031046094. S2CID 252658164.
  29. ^ a b c d Nohlen, Dieter; Stöver, Philip (2010). Elections in Europe: A Data Handbook. Baden-Baden: Nomos. ISBN 9783832956097. OCLC 631695067.
  30. ^ "U dve reči" [In two words]. Danas (in Serbian). 26 July 2007. Retrieved 22 May 2023.
  31. ^ Ljuboja, Branko (17 May 2007). "Toliko o doslednosti" [So much for consistency]. Vreme (in Serbian). Retrieved 22 May 2023.
  32. ^ "Demokratska stranka Srbije" [Democratic Party of Serbia]. B92 (in Serbian). 13 March 2012. from the original on 20 January 2023. Retrieved 20 January 2023.
  33. ^ "Izbori 1992" [1992 elections]. Vreme (in Serbian). 29 April 2008. from the original on 20 January 2023. Retrieved 20 January 2023.
  34. ^ Kojić, Nikola (18 February 2020). "Izbori 1992: Prvi Šešeljev milion, Arkan u parlamentu i manjinska vlada SPS" [1992 elections: Šešelj's first million, Arkan in the Parliament, and a SPS minority government]. N1 (in Serbian). from the original on 20 January 2023. Retrieved 20 January 2023.
  35. ^ "Predsednički izbori 1992. godine" [1992 presidential elections]. Vreme (in Serbian). 25 March 2017. from the original on 20 January 2023. Retrieved 20 January 2023.
  36. ^ a b "Treći republički izbori (1993)" [The third parliamentary election (1993)]. B92 (in Serbian). 8 March 2020. from the original on 5 January 2023. Retrieved 21 January 2023.
  37. ^ a b Drčelić, Zora (14 March 2012). "Kanabe nas je održalo" [Kanabe kept us going]. Vreme (in Serbian). from the original on 21 January 2023. Retrieved 21 January 2023.
  38. ^ Milošević, Milan (2000). Politički vodič kroz Srbiju 2000 [Political Guide to Serbia 2000] (in Serbian). Belgrade: Medija centar. p. 70. ISBN 978-8682827139.
  39. ^ a b c Kojić, Nikola (25 February 2020). "Izbori 1993: Radikal Vučić i demokrata Vesić kao studenti u Skupštini Srbije" [1993 elections: Radical Vučić and Democrat Vesić as students in the Serbian Parliament]. N1 (in Serbian). from the original on 21 January 2023. Retrieved 21 January 2023.
  40. ^ "Izbori 1993" [1993 elections]. Vreme (in Serbian). 29 April 2008. from the original on 21 January 2023. Retrieved 21 January 2023.
  41. ^ "Parlamentarni izbori 1993 - raspodela mandata" [1993 parliamentary elections - distribution of mandates]. B92 (in Serbian). from the original on 21 January 2023. Retrieved 21 January 2023.
  42. ^ Nikčević, Tamara (6 March 2013). "O sukobu, pomirenju i saradnji sa Zoranom Đinđićem" [About the conflict, reconciliation, and cooperation with Zoran Đinđić]. Vreme (in Serbian). from the original on 21 January 2023. Retrieved 21 January 2023.
  43. ^ a b Vukadinović, Đorđe (12 February 2010). "Dvadeset godina DS-a – istorija i izazovi" [Twenty years of DS – history and challenges]. Nova srpska politička misao (in Serbian). from the original on 24 July 2014. Retrieved 21 January 2023.
  44. ^ "Na današnji dan 1996. godine posejana je klica pobede nad Slobodanom Miloševićem" [On this day in 1996, the seed of victory over Slobodan Milošević was sown]. Direktno (in Serbian). 2 September 2019. from the original on 21 January 2023. Retrieved 21 January 2023.
  45. ^ Miladinović, Aleksandar (5 May 2018). "Koliko su uspešna septembarska okupljanja opozicije" [How successful were the September gatherings of the opposition]. BBC News (in Serbian). from the original on 21 September 2022. Retrieved 21 January 2023.
  46. ^ a b "Studenti su ozbiljno uzdrmali režim Slobodana Miloševića" [Students seriously shook the regime of Slobodan Milošević]. Danas (in Serbian). 17 November 2016. from the original on 21 January 2023. Retrieved 21 January 2023.
  47. ^ a b Kojić, Nikola (3 March 2020). "Izbori 1997: Bojkot dela opozicije, Šešelj i Vučić na vlasti sa socijalistima" [1997 elections: Opposition boycotts, Šešelj and Vučić in power with the Socialists]. N1 (in Serbian). from the original on 21 January 2023. Retrieved 21 January 2023.
  48. ^ Dedeić, Siniša (8 March 2020). "Kako su bojkotovani izbori 1997. godine? (1. deo)" [How were the 1997 elections boycotted? (part 1)]. Istinomer (in Serbian). from the original on 21 January 2023. Retrieved 21 January 2023.
  49. ^ Dedeić, Siniša (10 March 2020). "Kako su bojkotovani izbori 1997. godine? (2. deo)" [How were the 1997 elections boycotted? (part 2)]. Istinomer (in Serbian). Retrieved 22 May 2023.
  50. ^ Antić, Čedomir (5 April 2020). "Zašto sam napustio DS, stranka u vreme najveće pobede i jedno pitanje koje glasi: "A ti bi odbio Arkanov poziv" - Sećanja Čedomira Antića na "žutu stranku"" [Why I left DS, the party at the time of its greatest victory and one question that reads: "And you would refuse Arkan's invitation" - Memories of Čedomir Antić on the "yellow party"]. Nedeljnik (in Serbian). from the original on 21 January 2023. Retrieved 21 January 2023.
  51. ^ Grujić, Dragoslav (11 January 2001). "Lik i delo: Čedomir Jovanović" [Character and work: Čedomir Jovanović]. Vreme (in Serbian). from the original on 21 January 2023. Retrieved 21 January 2023.
  52. ^ a b c d e f Kojić, Nikola (10 March 2020). "Izbori 2000: Debakl Miloševića i Šešelja, Vuk ispod cenzusa, DOS "brojao" do 176" [2000 elections: Debacle between Milošević and Šešelj, Vuk under the threshold, DOS "counted" up to 176]. N1 (in Serbian). from the original on 21 January 2023. Retrieved 21 January 2023.
  53. ^ a b Vujić, Predrag (24 September 2020). "Dan kada je opozicija pobedila Slobodana Miloševića" [The day when the opposition defeated Slobodan Milošević]. BBC News (in Serbian). from the original on 6 January 2023. Retrieved 21 January 2023.
  54. ^ "Izbori za predsednika SRJ, 24. septembar 2000" [Elections for the President of the FRY, 24 September 2000]. Vreme (in Serbian). 27 March 2017. from the original on 21 January 2023. Retrieved 21 January 2023.
  55. ^ Nedović, Slobodanka (2001). Oko izbora 4: izveštaj sa parlamentarnih i predsedničkih izbora u SRJ i pokrajinskih izbora u Vojvodini, septembar-oktobar 2000 [Oko izbora 4: Report from the Parliamentary and Presidential elections in the FRY and the provincial elections in Vojvodina, September–October 2000] (PDF) (in Serbian). Belgrade: CeSID. p. 64. OCLC 56212038. (PDF) from the original on 6 January 2023. Retrieved 6 January 2023.
  56. ^ "Đinđić je na današnji dan pre 21 godinu postao premijer" [Đinđić became prime minister on this day 21 years ago]. Direktno (in Serbian). 25 January 2022. from the original on 21 January 2023. Retrieved 21 January 2023.
  57. ^ "Decenija od formiranja vlade Zorana Đinđića" [A decade since the formation of Zoran Đinđić's government]. Radio Television of Vojvodina (in Serbian). 25 January 2011. from the original on 21 January 2023. Retrieved 21 January 2023.
  58. ^ a b "Dvadeset godina od formiranja vlade Zorana Đinđića" [Twenty years since the formation of Zoran Đinđić's government]. Danas (in Serbian). 25 January 2021. from the original on 21 January 2023. Retrieved 21 January 2023.
  59. ^ Smith, R. Jeffrey (29 June 2001). "Serb Leaders Hand Over Milosevic For Trial by War Crimes Tribunal". The Washington Post. from the original on 19 November 2022. Retrieved 21 January 2023.
  60. ^ a b Nedović, Slobodanka (2002). Oko izbora 9: izveštaj sa predsedničkih izbora u Republici Srbiji (septembar-oktobar 2002) [Oko izbora 9: Report from the Presidential elections in the Republic of Serbia (September–October 2002)] (PDF) (in Serbian). Belgrade: CeSID. OCLC 61325884. (PDF) from the original on 11 January 2023. Retrieved 21 January 2023.
  61. ^ "Predsednički izbori 2002. godine (I)" [2002 presidential elections (I)]. Vreme (in Serbian). 25 March 2017. from the original on 11 January 2023. Retrieved 21 January 2023.
  62. ^ a b c d Kojić, Nikola (15 May 2020). "Izbori 2003: Raspad DOS, Pirova pobeda Tome i Vučića i manjinska vlada Koštunice" [2003 elections: Dissolution of DOS, pyrrhic victory of Toma and Vučić, and Koštunica's minority government]. N1 (in Serbian). from the original on 21 January 2023. Retrieved 21 January 2023.
  63. ^ Nedović, Slobodanka (2002). Oko izbora 10: izveštaj sa ponovljenih predsedničkih izbora u Srbiji (8. decembar 2002. godine) [Oko izbora 10: Report from the repeated Presidential elections in Serbia (8 December 2002)] (PDF) (in Serbian). Belgrade: CeSID. (PDF) from the original on 24 January 2022. Retrieved 21 January 2023.
  64. ^ "Predsednički izbori 2002. godine (II)" [2002 presidential elections (II)]. Vreme (in Serbian). 25 March 2017. from the original on 21 January 2023. Retrieved 21 January 2023.
  65. ^ Wood, Nicholas (19 July 2004). "Greeks Hold Man in Serb Killing". The New York Times. p. A6. from the original on 21 January 2023. Retrieved 21 January 2023.
  66. ^ Vasić, Miloš (15 March 2012). "Prošlo Vreme: Policija, mafija i politika - Ministar na službenom odmoru" [In the past: Police, mafia, and politics - Minister on official vacation]. Vreme (in Serbian). Retrieved 22 May 2023.
  67. ^ "Zoran Đinđić u BBC programu "HARDtalk", manje od godinu pre ubistva" [Zoran Đinđić in the BBC programme "HARDtalk", less than a year before his murder]. BBC News (in Serbian). 10 March 2023. Retrieved 22 May 2023.
  68. ^ "Ubijen predsednik Vlade Srbije Zoran Đinđić" [Serbian Prime Minister Zoran Đinđić killed]. B92 (in Serbian). 12 March 2003. from the original on 21 January 2023. Retrieved 21 January 2023.
  69. ^ a b Tran, Mark (12 March 2003). "Serbian PM Shot Dead". The Guardian. from the original on 13 December 2022. Retrieved 21 January 2023.
  70. ^ a b "Suspected Djindjic Assassin Arrested". Deutsche Welle. 25 March 2003. from the original on 21 January 2023. Retrieved 21 January 2023.
  71. ^ "New Serbian Leader Pledges Further Reforms". Deutsche Welle. 19 March 2003. from the original on 21 January 2023. Retrieved 21 January 2023.
  72. ^ a b "Predsednički izbori 2003. godine" [2003 presidential elections]. Vreme (in Serbian). 25 March 2017. from the original on 11 January 2023. Retrieved 21 January 2023.
  73. ^ Nedović, Slobodanka (2003). Oko izbora 12: izveštaj sa ponovljenih predsedničkih izbora u Republici Srbiji, 16. novembar 2003 [Oko izbora 12: report from the repeated Presidential elections in the Republic of Serbia, 16 November 2003] (PDF) (in Serbian). Belgrade: CeSID. ISBN 9788683491278. OCLC 262616515. (PDF) from the original on 20 January 2022. Retrieved 21 January 2023.
  74. ^ a b c Lučić, Zoran (2004). Oko izbora 13: izveštaj sa vanrednih parlamentarnih izbora u Republici Srbiji, 28. decembar 2003. godine [Oko izbora 13: report from the extraordinary parliamentary elections in the Republic of Serbia, 28 December 2003] (PDF) (in Serbian). Belgrade: CeSID (published 21 January 2023). ISBN 9788683491285. OCLC 262616269. (PDF) from the original on 21 January 2022. Retrieved 21 January 2023.
  75. ^ Živanović, Igor; Tošović, Ivana (11 November 2008). "Vođe pobune otišle u politiku, biznis ili anonimnost" [The leaders of the rebellion went into politics, business, or anonymity]. Danas (in Serbian). from the original on 26 January 2023. Retrieved 26 January 2023.
  76. ^ a b "Predsednički izbori 2004. godine" [2004 presidential elections]. Vreme (in Serbian). 25 March 2017. from the original on 6 January 2023. Retrieved 21 January 2023.
  77. ^ Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe, Office for Democratic Institutions and Human Rights (22 September 2004). Republic of Serbia, Serbia and Montenegro, Presidential Election, 13 and 27 June 2004: OSCE/ODIHR Election Observation Mission Final Report (PDF) (Report). Warsaw. (PDF) from the original on 1 February 2023. Retrieved 20 May 2023.
  78. ^ a b "Serbs Face Clear Choice in Presidential Polls". Deutsche Welle. 28 June 2004. from the original on 21 January 2023. Retrieved 21 January 2023.
  79. ^ "Serb Leader Apologises in Bosnia". BBC News. 6 December 2004. from the original on 12 October 2021. Retrieved 21 January 2023.
  80. ^ "Tadić se izvinio građanima Hrvatske" [Tadić apologises to the citizens of Croatia]. B92 (in Serbian). 24 June 2007. from the original on 21 January 2023. Retrieved 21 January 2023.
  81. ^ "Pro-Western Tadic Wins New Term in Serbia Runoff". CNN. 3 February 2008. from the original on 21 January 2023. Retrieved 21 January 2023.
  82. ^ a b c Kojić, Nikola (22 May 2020). "Izbori 2007: SRS ponovo pobedio, ali vladu formirali Tadić, Koštunica i Dinkić" [2007 elections: SRS won again, but the government was formed by Tadić, Koštunica, and Dinkić]. N1 (in Serbian). from the original on 21 January 2023. Retrieved 21 January 2023.
  83. ^ a b c d e f Mihailović, Srećko (2007). Oko izbora 15: parlamentarni izbori u Republici Srbiji, 21. januara 2007 [Oko izbora 15: Parliamentary elections in the Republic of Serbia, 21 January 2007] (PDF) (in Serbian). Belgrade: CeSID. ISBN 9788683491438. OCLC 262615553. (PDF) from the original on 20 January 2022. Retrieved 21 January 2023.
  84. ^ Milošević, Milan (15 November 2006). "Duga vrela zima" [A long hot winter]. Vreme (in Serbian). from the original on 24 January 2023. Retrieved 24 January 2023.
  85. ^ "Izbori 2007" [2007 election]. Vreme (in Serbian). 29 April 2008. from the original on 24 January 2023. Retrieved 24 January 2023.
  86. ^ "Predsednički izbori 20. januara" [Presidential elections on 20 January]. Danas (in Serbian). 13 December 2007. from the original on 25 January 2023. Retrieved 25 January 2023.
  87. ^ a b c Mihailović, Srećko (2008). Oko izbora 16: predsednički izbori 20. januara i 3. februara 2008. godine [Oko izbora 16: Presidential elections on 20 January and 3 February 2008] (PDF) (in Serbian). Belgrade: CeSID. ISBN 9788683491469. OCLC 823319307. (PDF) from the original on 21 January 2022. Retrieved 25 January 2023.
  88. ^ "Predsednički izbori 2008. godine" [2008 presidential elections]. Vreme (in Serbian). 25 March 2017. from the original on 6 January 2023. Retrieved 25 January 2023.
  89. ^ "Proglašena nezavisnost" [Independence has been proclaimed]. Radio Free Europe (in Serbian). 17 February 2008. from the original on 25 January 2023. Retrieved 25 January 2023.
  90. ^ a b c Kojić, Nikola (27 May 2020). "Izbori 2008: DS ispred SRS, Dačić izabrao Tadića i ostavio Koštunicu bez vlasti" [2008 elections: DS ahead of SRS, Dačić chose Tadić and left Koštunica without power]. N1 (in Serbian). from the original on 25 January 2023. Retrieved 25 January 2023.
  91. ^ "FACTBOX: Serbia's Kostunica, Western ally turned adversary". Reuters. 8 March 2008. Retrieved 22 May 2023.
  92. ^ Cvetković, Ljudmila (25 September 2007). "Koštunica, Kosovo i SAD" [Koštunica, Kosovo and USA]. Radio Free Europe (in Serbian). Retrieved 22 May 2023.
  93. ^ Tran, Mark (15 February 2008). "Kostunica, the main loser over Kosovo". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved 22 May 2023.
  94. ^ a b Bilefsky, Dan (9 March 2008). "Serbian Elections Loom as President and Prime Minister Spar". The New York Times. from the original on 25 January 2023. Retrieved 25 January 2023.
  95. ^ Stratton, Allegra (13 March 2008). "Serbian President Dissolves Parliament". The Guardian. from the original on 25 January 2023. Retrieved 25 January 2023.
  96. ^ a b c d e Mihailović, Srećko (2008). Oko izbora 17: parlamentni izbori u Srbiji, 11. maj 2008. godine [Oko izbora 17: Parliamentary elections in Serbia, 11 May 2008] (PDF) (in Serbian). Belgrade: CeSID. ISBN 9788683491476. OCLC 643900495. (PDF) from the original on 21 January 2022. Retrieved 25 January 2023.
  97. ^ "Izbori 2008" [2008 elections]. Vreme (in Serbian). 23 May 2008. from the original on 6 January 2023. Retrieved 25 January 2023.
  98. ^ a b c d e Kojić, Nikola (5 June 2020). "Izbori 2012: Poraz Tadića i DS, Dačićev preokret i dolazak SNS na vlast" [2012 elections: Defeat of Tadić and DS, Dačić's turnaround and SNS coming to power]. N1 (in Serbian). from the original on 21 January 2023. Retrieved 25 January 2023.
  99. ^ "Mirko Cvetković". Istinomer (in Serbian). from the original on 21 June 2020. Retrieved 25 January 2023.
  100. ^ a b c d e Vuković, Đorđe (2012). Oko izbora 18: predsednički i parlamentarni izbori maj 2012 [Oko izbora 18: May 2012 presidential and parliamentary elections] (PDF) (in Serbian). Belgrade: CeSID. (PDF) from the original on 23 September 2021. Retrieved 6 January 2023.
  101. ^ Vasović, Aleksandar (5 February 2011). "Serbia holds biggest opposition protest in years". Reuters. from the original on 2 December 2021. Retrieved 25 January 2023.
  102. ^ "Report: Elections to be held in spring 2012". B92. 29 June 2011. from the original on 30 November 2022. Retrieved 25 January 2023.
  103. ^ "Raspisani parlamentarni izbori" [Parliamentary elections have been called]. Radio Television of Serbia (in Serbian). 13 March 2012. from the original on 25 January 2023. Retrieved 25 January 2023.
  104. ^ "Tadić odlučio da "skrati mandat"" [Tadić decided to "shorten his mandate"]. Danas (in Serbian). 4 April 2012. from the original on 25 January 2023. Retrieved 25 January 2023.
  105. ^ [Members of the "Choice for a Better Life" coalition]. Istinomer (in Serbian). Archived from the original on 25 April 2012. Retrieved 25 January 2023.
  106. ^ "SNS najjači u Skupštini, Nikolić i Tadić u drugom krugu, Đilas vodi u Beogradu" [SNS the strongest in the Assembly, Nikolić and Tadić in the second round, Đilas leads in Belgrade]. Radio Free Europe (in Serbian). 6 May 2012. from the original on 10 June 2016. Retrieved 25 January 2023.
  107. ^ Janković, Marija (20 May 2022). "Izbori koji su promenili sve: Kako su naprednjaci 2012. preuzeli vlast u Srbiji" [Elections that changed everything: How Progressives took power in Serbia in 2012]. BBC News (in Serbian). from the original on 7 January 2023. Retrieved 25 January 2023.
  108. ^ Orlović, Slaviša (2012). Čupić, Čedomir (ed.). Izbori i formiranje Vlade u Srbiji 2012 [Elections and formation of the government in Serbia in 2012] (PDF) (in Serbian). Belgrade: Fakultet političkih nauka – Centar za demokratiju. p. 110. ISBN 9788684031558. OCLC 880959865. (PDF) from the original on 25 January 2023. Retrieved 25 January 2023.
  109. ^ Krtinić, M. (13 June 2012). "Dragan Đilas ponovo gradonačelnik" [Dragan Đilas is the mayor again]. Danas (in Serbian). from the original on 25 January 2023. Retrieved 25 January 2023.
  110. ^ "Former Nationalist Ousts Tadic". The Economist. 21 May 2012. from the original on 25 January 2023. Retrieved 25 January 2023.
  111. ^ "Đilas i Kuzmanović kandidati za lidera DS-a" [Đilas and Kuzmanović are candidates for the leader of the DS]. Al Jazeera (in Serbian). 21 November 2012. from the original on 25 January 2023. Retrieved 25 January 2023.
  112. ^ "Uskoro plan za izlazak iz krize" [A plan to get out of the crisis soon]. B92 (in Serbian). 25 November 2012. from the original on 25 January 2023. Retrieved 25 January 2023.
  113. ^ "Đilas novi predsednik DS-a" [Đilas is the new president of DS]. Radio Television of Serbia (in Serbian). 25 November 2012. from the original on 25 January 2023. Retrieved 25 January 2023.
  114. ^ Barlovac, Bojana (26 November 2012). "Belgrade Mayor Djilas Takes Over Helm of Democrats". Balkan Insight. from the original on 25 January 2023. Retrieved 25 January 2023.
  115. ^ a b Trivić, Branka (17 December 2012). "Zamislite da je Đinđić imao kiosk, a kamoli medijsku agenciju" [Imagine if Đinđić had a kiosk, let alone a media agency]. Radio Free Europe (in Serbian). from the original on 25 January 2023. Retrieved 25 January 2023.
  116. ^ Petrović, Ivica (5 November 2012). "Odlazak Tadića u političku penziju" [Tadić's political retirement]. Deutsche Welle (in Serbian). from the original on 25 January 2023. Retrieved 25 January 2023.
  117. ^ "Osnovana Nova stranka" [The New Party was founded]. Radio-televizija Srbije (in Serbian). 7 April 2013. from the original on 25 January 2023. Retrieved 25 January 2023.
  118. ^ a b "Đilas: Jedna stranka, jedna politika" [Đilas: One party, one policy]. B92 (in Serbian). 27 December 2012. from the original on 25 January 2023. Retrieved 25 January 2023.
  119. ^ "Neću da vratim mandat" [I will not return the mandate]. B92 (in Serbian). 11 December 2012. from the original on 25 January 2023. Retrieved 25 January 2023.
  120. ^ "DS: Petrović i još troje isključeni" [DS: Petrović and three others expelled]. B92 (in Serbian). 31 January 2013. from the original on 25 January 2023. Retrieved 25 January 2023.
  121. ^ "Zajedno za Srbiju - novi poslanički klub" [Together for Serbia - a new parliamentary group]. Radio Television of Serbia (in Serbian). 25 February 2013. from the original on 25 January 2023. Retrieved 25 January 2023.
  122. ^ "Zajedno za Srbiju postaje stranaka" [Together for Serbia becomes a political party]. Radio Television of Serbia (in Serbian). 20 October 2013. from the original on 25 January 2023. Retrieved 25 January 2023.
  123. ^ "I Vuk Jeremić isključen iz DS-a" [And Vuk Jeremić has been expelled from DS]. B92 (in Serbian). 14 February 2013. from the original on 25 January 2023. Retrieved 25 January 2023.
  124. ^ "Odluka DS o mandatima krši Ustav" [DS' decision on mandates violates the Constitution]. B92 (in Serbian). 19 February 2013. from the original on 23 January 2023. Retrieved 25 January 2023.
  125. ^ "USS nenadležan za mandat Jeremića" [Constitutional Court of Serbia has no jurisdiction over Jeremić's mandate]. B92 (in Serbian). 23 April 2013. from the original on 23 January 2023. Retrieved 25 January 2023.
  126. ^ "SNS na istorijskom maksimumu - 41%" [SNS at historical maximum - 41%]. B92 (in Serbian). 27 February 2013. from the original on 25 October 2022. Retrieved 25 January 2023.
  127. ^ "Đilas smenjen sa mesta gradonačelnika" [Đilas dismissed from the post of mayor]. Radio Television of Serbia (in Serbian). 24 September 2013. from the original on 25 January 2023. Retrieved 25 January 2023.
  128. ^ Glavonjić, Zoran (24 September 2013). "Gradonačelnik Beograda Đilas smenjen, optužuje Vučića za koncentraciju vlasti" [Mayor of Belgrade Đilas dismissed, accuses Vučić of concentration of power]. Radio Free Europe (in Serbian). from the original on 25 January 2023. Retrieved 25 January 2023.
  129. ^ Petrović, Ivica (26 September 2013). "Smjena Đilasa - uvod u diktaturu u Srbiji?" [The removal of Đilas - an introduction to dictatorship in Serbia?]. Deutsche Welle (in Croatian). from the original on 25 January 2023. Retrieved 25 January 2023.
  130. ^ a b Mihajlović, Branka (13 January 2014). "Demokratska stranka na udaru Tadića i Đilasa" [The Democratic Party under attack from Tadić and Đilas]. Radio Free Europe (in Serbian). from the original on 25 January 2023. Retrieved 25 January 2023.
  131. ^ "Đilas ostaje na čelu DS" [Đilas remains head of DS]. B92 (in Serbian). 19 January 2014. from the original on 25 January 2023. Retrieved 25 January 2023.
  132. ^ a b "Serbia's Democrats Reaffirm Djilas as Leader". Balkan Insight. 20 January 2014. from the original on 25 January 2023. Retrieved 25 January 2023.
  133. ^ "Boris Tadić izašao iz DS" [Boris Tadić leaves DS]. B92 (in Serbian). 30 January 2014. from the original on 25 January 2023. Retrieved 25 January 2023.
  134. ^ "Boris Tadic Quits Serbia's Democratic Party". Balkan Insight. 30 January 2014. from the original on 25 January 2023. Retrieved 25 January 2023.
  135. ^ "Tadić od sutra prikuplja potpise" [Tadić is collecting signatures from tomorrow]. B92 (in Serbian). 4 February 2014. from the original on 25 January 2023. Retrieved 25 January 2023.
  136. ^ "Former President's Party Changes Name". B92. 7 October 2014. from the original on 25 January 2023. Retrieved 25 January 2023.
  137. ^ "Nek su nam srećni novi izbori" [Good luck with the new elections]. B92 (in Serbian). 29 January 2014. from the original on 2 December 2021. Retrieved 25 January 2023.
  138. ^ "Democrats Announce Coalition for March Elections". B92. 6 February 2014. from the original on 25 January 2023. Retrieved 25 January 2023.
  139. ^ "Formirana koalicija Sa DS za demokratsku Srbiju" [With DS for a Democratic Serbia coalition has been formed]. Radio Television of Vojvodina (in Serbian). 7 February 2014. from the original on 25 January 2023. Retrieved 25 January 2023.
  140. ^ a b c d Klačar, Bojan (2014). Oko izbora 19: parlamentarni izbori u Republici Srbiji 16. marta 2014. godine [Oko izbora 19: Parliamentary elections in the Republic of Serbia on 16 March 2014] (PDF) (in Serbian). Belgrade: CeSID. ISBN 9788683491551. OCLC 1062285433. (PDF) from the original on 20 January 2022. Retrieved 25 January 2023.
  141. ^ "Kandidati za poslanike 2014 (3)" [2014 candidates for deputies (3)]. Vreme (in Serbian). 13 February 2014. from the original on 25 January 2023. Retrieved 25 January 2023.
  142. ^ "Konačni rezultati izbora za Beograd" [Final election results for Belgrade]. Radio Television of Serbia (in Serbian). 17 March 2014. from the original on 27 April 2016. Retrieved 25 January 2023.
  143. ^ "Pajtić ipak ide protiv Đilasa?" [Pajtić still going against Đilas?]. B92 (in Serbian). 6 May 2014. from the original on 25 January 2023. Retrieved 25 January 2023.
  144. ^ "DS bira novog predsjednika: Đilas ili Pajtić?" [DS elects a new president: Đilas or Pajtić?]. Vijesti (in Serbian). 31 May 2014. from the original on 25 January 2023. Retrieved 25 January 2023.
  145. ^ "Bojan Pajtić novi predsednik DS" [Bojan Pajtić is the new president of DS]. B92 (in Serbian). 31 May 2014. from the original on 25 January 2023. Retrieved 25 January 2023.
  146. ^ Pančić, Teofil (2 June 2014). "Bojan Pajtić, ili: poslednja šansa za DS" [Bojan Pajtić, or: the last chance for DS]. Radio Free Europe (in Serbian). from the original on 25 January 2023. Retrieved 25 January 2023.
  147. ^ a b c Kojić, Nikola (17 June 2020). "Izbori 2016: Bitka za cenzus, povratak Šešelja i Vučićev drugi mandat" [2016 elections: The battle for the threshold, the return of Šešelj and Vučić's second term]. N1 (in Serbian). from the original on 26 January 2023. Retrieved 26 January 2023.
  148. ^ Valtner, Lidija (30 June 2016). "Đilas se iščlanio iz Demokratske stranke" [Đilas disaffiliated from the Democratic Party]. Danas (in Serbian). from the original on 24 November 2021. Retrieved 25 January 2023.
  149. ^ Gedošević, L. (10 December 2015). "Borko Stefanović napustio DS: Sve najbolje im želim" [Borko Stefanović left DS: I wish them all the best]. Blic (in Serbian). from the original on 27 October 2021. Retrieved 25 January 2023.
  150. ^ "Nikolić raspisao izbore: Želim da pobedi SNS" [Nikolić calls the elections: I want SNS to win]. B92 (in Serbian). 4 March 2016. from the original on 2 December 2021. Retrieved 25 January 2023.
  151. ^ "Izborni rezultat 2016" [2016 election results]. Vreme (in Serbian). 28 April 2016. from the original on 25 September 2022. Retrieved 26 January 2023.
  152. ^ a b c Klačar, Bojan (2018). Oko izbora 20: parlamentarni izbori 24. aprila 2016. godine i predsednički izbori 2. aprila 2017. godine u Republici Srbiji [Oko izbora 20: parliamentary elections on 24 April 2016 and presidential elections on 2 April 2017 in the Republic of Serbia] (PDF) (in Serbian). Belgrade: CeSID. (PDF) from the original on 26 October 2019. Retrieved 26 January 2023.
  153. ^ "Poslanička grupa Demokratska stranka" [Democratic Party parliamentary group]. Otvoreni Parlament (in Serbian). from the original on 29 November 2022. Retrieved 26 January 2023.
  154. ^ Valtner, Lidija (7 September 2016). "Realan drugi krug izbora u DS" [A second round of elections in DS is realistic]. Danas (in Serbian). from the original on 26 January 2023. Retrieved 26 January 2023.
  155. ^ "Novi lider demokrata Dragan Šutanovac obećao da DS ostaje jedan tim" [The new leader of the Democrats, Dragan Šutanovac, promises that DS would remain one team]. Danas (in Serbian). 24 September 2016. from the original on 26 January 2023. Retrieved 26 January 2023.
  156. ^ "Srbija: Dragan Šutanovac novi lider Demokratske stranke" [Serbia: Dragan Šutanovac is the new leader of the Democratic Party]. Vijesti (in Serbian). 24 September 2016. from the original on 26 January 2023. Retrieved 26 January 2023.
  157. ^ "Dragan Šutanovac izabran za novog predsednika DS" [Dragan Šutanovac has been elected as the new president of the DS]. Autonomija (in Serbian). 24 September 2016. from the original on 26 January 2023. Retrieved 26 January 2023.
  158. ^ Ćirić, S. (15 January 2017). "Podrška demokrata Jankoviću" [Democrats' support for Janković]. Politika (in Serbian). from the original on 26 January 2023. Retrieved 26 January 2023.
  159. ^ Mihajlović, Branka; Martinović, Iva (19 February 2017). "Saša Janković: Vratićemo otetu državu" [Saša Janković: We will return the stolen state]. Radio Free Europe (in Serbian). from the original on 26 January 2023. Retrieved 26 January 2023.
  160. ^ "DS: Okupiti se oko Jankovića" [DS: Gather around Janković]. Radio Television of Vojvodina (in Serbian). 17 February 2017. from the original on 26 January 2023. Retrieved 26 January 2023.
  161. ^ "RIK rezultati izbora" [RIK's election results]. N1 (in Serbian). 18 April 2017. from the original on 26 January 2023. Retrieved 26 January 2023.
  162. ^ Nešić, Milan (21 May 2017). "Osnovan Pokret "Slobodni građani Srbije" Saše Jankovića" [Movement "Free Citizens of Serbia" of Saša Janković has been formed]. Radio Free Europe (in Serbian). from the original on 26 January 2023. Retrieved 26 January 2023.
  163. ^ "DS želi da opozicija zajedno izađe na izbore u Beogradu" [DS wants the opposition to go to the elections in Belgrade together]. N1 (in Serbian). 7 June 2017. from the original on 26 January 2023. Retrieved 26 January 2023.
  164. ^ "DS i Nova stranka zajedno na beogradskim izborima" [DS and the New Party together in the Belgrade elections] (in Serbian). Novinska agencija Beta. 29 December 2017. from the original on 2 February 2023. Retrieved 26 January 2023.
  165. ^ Mihajlović, Branka (18 January 2018). "DS sabiranje posle rasula" [DS gathering after scattering]. Radio Free Europe (in Serbian). from the original on 26 January 2023. Retrieved 26 January 2023.
  166. ^ "Beograd, do sada proglašeno šest izbornih lista" [Belgrade, six election lists have been announced so far]. Radio Television of Serbia (in Serbian). 18 January 2018. from the original on 26 January 2023. Retrieved 26 January 2023.
  167. ^ "Konačni rezultati beogradskih izbora 2018" [Final results of the 2018 Belgrade elections]. N1 (in Serbian). 5 March 2018. from the original on 12 January 2023. Retrieved 26 January 2023.
  168. ^ "Pobeda SNS-a u Beogradu, još tri liste prešle cenzus" [Victory of SNS in Belgrade, three more lists passed the threshold]. Radio Free Europe (in Serbian). 4 March 2018. from the original on 12 January 2023. Retrieved 26 January 2023.
  169. ^ "Balša Božović podneo ostavku na mesto šefa beogradskog odbora DS" [Balša Božović resigned from the position as head of the Belgrade DS branch]. N1 (in Serbian). 7 March 2018. from the original on 26 January 2023. Retrieved 26 January 2023.
  170. ^ "Šutanovac podnio ostavku, ali ostaje u DS-u" [Šutanovac resigns, but remains in DS]. Vijesti (in Serbian). 11 March 2018. from the original on 26 January 2023. Retrieved 26 January 2023.
  171. ^ "Demokratska stranka novo rukovodstvo bira 2. juna" [Democratic Party to elect a new leadership on 2 June]. Radio Television of Serbia (in Serbian). 5 April 2018. from the original on 26 January 2023. Retrieved 26 January 2023.
  172. ^ "Demokratska stranka bira novog predsednika" [Democratic Party to elect a new president]. Radio Free Europe (in Serbian). 2 June 2018. from the original on 26 January 2023. Retrieved 26 January 2023.
  173. ^ a b c Štetin Lakić, Jovana (2 June 2018). "Zoran Lutovac novi predsednik Demokratske stranke" [Zoran Lutovac is the new president of the Democratic Party]. N1 (in Serbian). from the original on 26 January 2023. Retrieved 26 January 2023.
  174. ^ "Zoran Lutovac novi lider DS" [Zoran Lutovac is the new leader of DS]. B92 (in Serbian). 2 June 2018. from the original on 26 January 2023. Retrieved 26 January 2023.
  175. ^ Rudić, Filip (5 June 2018). "New Serbian Opposition Leader Fuels Talk of United Front". Balkan Insight. from the original on 26 January 2023. Retrieved 26 January 2023.
  176. ^ Popović, A. (2 September 2018). "U Beogradu i zvanično formiran Savez za Srbiju" [Alliance for Serbia officially formed in Belgrade]. Danas (in Serbian). from the original on 26 January 2023. Retrieved 26 January 2023.
  177. ^ Miladinović, Aleksandar (27 July 2018). "Šta je važnije na izborima - principi ili ljudi" [What is more important in elections - principles or people]. BBC News (in Serbian). from the original on 22 September 2022. Retrieved 26 January 2023.
  178. ^ "Ko je u DS protiv Saveza za Srbiju" [Who in the DS is against the Alliance for Serbia?]. N1 (in Serbian). 3 September 2018. from the original on 26 January 2023. Retrieved 26 January 2023.
  179. ^ Arbutina, Zoran (27 November 2018). "Serbia's Opposition Crackdown". Deutsche Welle. from the original on 12 January 2023. Retrieved 12 January 2023.
  180. ^ "Serbia: Thousands Rally in Fourth Week of Anti-government Protests". The Guardian. 30 December 2018. from the original on 20 October 2022. Retrieved 12 January 2023.
  181. ^ "Predsedništvo DS: Demokrate napuštaju Skupštinu Srbije, Vojvodine, Beograda" [DS Presidency: Democrats are leaving the Parliament of Serbia, Vojvodina, and Belgrade]. N1 (in Serbian). 30 January 2019. from the original on 26 January 2023. Retrieved 26 January 2023.
  182. ^ Glavonjić, Zoran (11 February 2019). "Za i protiv bojkota rada Skupštine Srbije" [For and against the boycott of the work of the Assembly of Serbia]. Radio Free Europe (in Serbian). from the original on 12 January 2023. Retrieved 26 January 2023.
  183. ^ "Opozicija u Srbiji dogovorila Sporazum sa narodom" [The opposition in Serbia agreed on the Agreement With the People]. Radio Free Europe (in Serbian). 6 February 2019. from the original on 6 February 2019. Retrieved 26 January 2023.
  184. ^ Stanković, Stefan (28 February 2019). "Tadić i Lutovac o ujedinjenju DS: Da se suprotstavimo čudovištu stranci" [Tadić and Lutovac on the unification of DS: Let's oppose the monster party]. N1 (in Serbian). from the original on 26 January 2023. Retrieved 26 January 2023.
  185. ^ Petrović, Ivica (3 March 2019). "Kome još treba Demokratska stranka?" [Who still needs the Democratic Party?]. Deutsche Welle (in Serbian). from the original on 26 January 2023. Retrieved 26 January 2023.
  186. ^ "Glavni odbor Demokratske stranke podržao ujedinjenje" [The main committee of the Democratic Party supports the unification]. N1 (in Serbian). 3 March 2019. from the original on 26 January 2023. Retrieved 26 January 2023.
  187. ^ Mlađenović, Dušan (23 March 2019). "Tadićev SDS doneo odluku o integraciji sa DS-om i Zajedno za Srbiju" [Tadić's SDS made the decision on integration with DS and Together for Serbia]. N1 (in Serbian). from the original on 26 January 2023. Retrieved 26 January 2023.
  188. ^ "Zelenović: Do ujedinjenja u jednu stranku potrebno vreme, do tada kao unija" [Zelenović: It will take time to unify into one party, until then as a union]. N1 (in Serbian). 4 March 2019. from the original on 26 January 2023. Retrieved 26 January 2023.
  189. ^ Tatalović, Žaklina (19 May 2019). "DS, ZZS i SDS se ujedinile u jedinstvenu Demokratsku stranku" [DS, ZZS, and SDS unite into the United Democratic Party]. N1 (in Serbian). from the original on 26 January 2023. Retrieved 26 January 2023.
  190. ^ Milovančević, Vojislav (11 August 2020). "Saznajemo: Ujedinjenje DS čim popusti korona" [We find out: Unification of DS as soon as the corona subsides]. Nova (in Serbian). from the original on 26 January 2023. Retrieved 26 January 2023.
  191. ^ Dobrilović, Jasmina (30 April 2020). "Tadić gradi poziciju za predsedničkog kandidata velike DS" [Tadić is building a position for the presidential candidate for the United DS]. Nova (in Serbian). from the original on 26 January 2023. Retrieved 26 January 2023.
  192. ^ "SDS: Lutovac jednostrano prekinuo proces ujedinjenja DS, SDS i Zajedno za Srbiju" [SDS: Lutovac unilaterally interrupted the unification process of DS, SDS, and Together for Serbia]. Insajder (in Serbian). 4 August 2020. from the original on 26 January 2023. Retrieved 26 January 2023.
  193. ^ "Savez za Srbiju bojkotuje izbore" [Alliance for Serbia is boycotting the elections]. Politika (in Serbian). 16 September 2019. from the original on 13 January 2023. Retrieved 26 January 2023.
  194. ^ "DS, SDS i Zajedno za Srbiju za bojkot izbora" [DS, SDS, and Together for Serbia to boycott the elections]. Radio Television of Vojvodina (in Serbian). 14 September 2019. from the original on 26 January 2023. Retrieved 26 January 2023.
  195. ^ "Šutanovac: Neki funkcioneri DS će organizovati grupe građana za izbore" [Šutanovac: Some DS officials will organise citizens' groups for the elections]. N1 (in Serbian). 27 October 2019. from the original on 26 January 2023. Retrieved 26 January 2023.
  196. ^ "Mićunović: Bojkot izbora je besmislen" [Mićunović: Boycotting the elections is pointless]. B92 (in Serbian). 19 January 2020. from the original on 26 January 2023. Retrieved 26 January 2023.
  197. ^ Vučenić, Danica (30 October 2019). "Šutanovac: Brine me šta će biti sa DS posle bojkota" [Šutanovac: I am worried about what will happen to DS after the boycott]. Istinomer (in Serbian). from the original on 26 January 2023. Retrieved 26 January 2023.
  198. ^ "Deo demokrata napustio sednicu Glavnog odbora stranke" [Part of the Democrats left the session of the Main Board]. N1 (in Serbian). 30 November 2019. from the original on 26 January 2023. Retrieved 26 January 2023.
  199. ^ a b "Lutovac: Na Glavnom odboru se desio pokušaj puča" [Lutovac: There was an attempted coup at the Main Board]. Blic (in Serbian). 3 December 2019. from the original on 24 June 2020. Retrieved 22 June 2020.
  200. ^ "Lutovac: Vučić uporno pokušava da razbije Demokratsku stranku" [Lutovac: Vučić is persistently trying to break up the Democratic Party]. N1 (in Serbian). 1 December 2019. from the original on 27 January 2023. Retrieved 26 January 2023.
  201. ^ "Lutovac: Postoji grupa koja pokušava da okrene DS otvorenoj saradnji sa Vučićem" [Lutovac: There is a group that is trying to turn DS to open cooperation with Vučić]. N1 (in Serbian). 21 May 2020. from the original on 26 January 2023. Retrieved 26 January 2023.
  202. ^ "Čomić obaveštena da je izbrisana iz članstva u DS" [Čomić was informed that she was deleted from the membership in DS]. Politika (in Serbian). 15 May 2020. from the original on 26 January 2023. Retrieved 26 January 2023.
  203. ^ "Predstavljena koalicija Ujedinjena demokratska Srbija, na listi i Gordana Čomić" [The United Democratic Serbia coalition has been presented, Gordana Čomić is also on the list]. N1 (in Serbian). 9 March 2020. from the original on 26 January 2023. Retrieved 26 January 2023.
  204. ^ Nešić, Nenad (26 October 2020). "Među nestranačkim kadrovima i oni koji to nisu, za fotelju - hvala predsedniku" [Among non-party cadres and those who are not, for the chair - thank you to the president]. N1 (in Serbian). from the original on 26 January 2023. Retrieved 26 January 2023.
  205. ^ "Otkazan Glavni odbor Demokratske stranke" [Main Board of the Democratic Party has been cancelled]. N1 (in Serbian). 12 March 2020. from the original on 26 January 2023. Retrieved 26 January 2023.
  206. ^ "Politika: Sednica Glavnog odbora DS zakazana za 21. jun" [Politika: Session of the Main Board of DS scheduled for 21 June]. N1 (in Serbian). 26 May 2020. from the original on 26 January 2023. Retrieved 26 January 2023.
  207. ^ "Sukob demokrata pred sednicu Glavnog odbora" [Clash of Democrats before the session of the Main Board]. N1 (in Serbian). 21 June 2020. from the original on 27 January 2023. Retrieved 26 January 2023.
  208. ^ Gajić, Petar (28 June 2020). "Dva paralelna Glavna odbora DS-a: Optužbe, isključenja i ujedinjenja" [Two parallel Main Boards of DS: Accusations, exclusions, and unifications]. N1 (in Serbian). from the original on 26 January 2023. Retrieved 26 January 2023.
  209. ^ "Božović, Lečić, Milojičić i Milosavljević isključeni iz Demokratske stranke" [Božović, Lečić, Milojičić, and Milosavljević expelled from the Democratic Party]. N1 (in Serbian). 31 August 2020. from the original on 26 January 2023. Retrieved 26 January 2023.
  210. ^ "Deo DS-a izabrao Lečića za predsednika, s centrale stranke skinuta tabla" [Part of the DS elects Lečić as president, board has been removed from party's headquarters]. N1 (in Serbian). 26 September 2020. from the original on 26 January 2023. Retrieved 26 January 2023.
  211. ^ Anđelić, Bojana (22 February 2021). "Saznajemo: Odbačen zahtev Lečića da bude predsednik DS" [We learn: Lečić's request to be president of DS was rejected]. Nova (in Serbian). from the original on 22 February 2021. Retrieved 26 January 2023.
  212. ^ "Održan skup "Demokrata Srbije", na čelu novog pokreta Branislav Lečić" [A meeting of Democrats of Serbia was held, a new movement headed by Branislav Lečić]. Insajder (in Serbian). 28 February 2021. from the original on 26 January 2023. Retrieved 26 January 2023.
  213. ^ "SDS nakon ujedinjenja sa Demokratama Srbije izabrala novo rukovodstvo" [SDS elects new leadership after unification with the Democrats of Serbia]. N1 (in Serbian). 9 February 2022. from the original on 26 January 2023. Retrieved 26 January 2023.
  214. ^ Valtner, Lidija (29 June 2020). "Savez za Srbiju više ne postoji" [Alliance for Serbia does not exist anymore]. Danas (in Serbian). from the original on 2 February 2022. Retrieved 26 January 2023.
  215. ^ "Formirana Udružena opozicija Srbije" [United Opposition of Serbia formed]. Radio Free Europe (in Serbian). 10 August 2020. from the original on 6 October 2020. Retrieved 26 January 2023.
  216. ^ "UOPS više ne postoji?" [UOPS does not exist anymore?]. Radio Television of Vojvodina (in Serbian). 16 December 2020. from the original on 2 July 2022. Retrieved 26 January 2023.
  217. ^ "Aleksić: Udružena opozicija Srbije više ne funkcioniše" [Aleksić: United Opposition of Serbia does not function anymore]. Radio Television of Vojvodina (in Serbian). 21 January 2021. from the original on 2 June 2021. Retrieved 26 January 2023.
  218. ^ a b
January 01, 1970
democratic, party, serbia, democratic, party, that, existed, kingdom, yugoslavia, democratic, party, yugoslavia, confused, with, democratic, party, serbia, democratic, party, serbian, cyrillic, Демократска, странка, romanized, demokratska, stranka, listen, abb. For the Democratic Party that existed in the Kingdom of Yugoslavia see Democratic Party Yugoslavia Not to be confused with the Democratic Party of Serbia The Democratic Party Serbian Cyrillic Demokratska stranka romanized Demokratska stranka listen abbr DS is a social democratic political party in Serbia Zoran Lutovac has led the party as its president since 2018 The party is colloquially known as the zuti yellows because of one of its main colours Democratic Party Demokratska strankaDemokratska strankaAbbreviationDSPresidentZoran LutovacDeputy PresidentDragana RakicVice PresidentsBranimir JovancicevicMiodrag GavrilovicNenad MitrovicParliamentary leaderZoran LutovacFounderThe Founding Committee of the Democratic PartyFounded3 February 1990Registered27 July 1990HeadquartersNusiceva 6 II BelgradeNewspaperBedemYouth wingDemocratic YouthWomen s wingWomen s ForumIdeologySocial democracyPolitical positionCentre leftNational affiliationSerbia Against ViolenceEuropean affiliationParty of European Socialists associate International affiliationProgressive AllianceSocialist InternationalColours Yellow BlueNational Assembly8 250Assembly of Vojvodina2 120City Assembly of Belgrade2 110Party flagWebsiteds wbr org wbr rsPolitics of SerbiaPolitical partiesElections DS was founded in 1990 by a group of intellectuals who sought to revive the Democratic Party which was active in the Kingdom of Yugoslavia Dragoljub Micunovic was the first president of DS until 1994 and under his leadership DS gained representation in the National Assembly of Serbia and took part in anti government protests against Slobodan Milosevic After Zoran Đinđic s election as president of DS in 1994 DS was reorganised Đinđic led the party into the Together coalition and DS took part in the 1996 1997 protests that occurred after the Electoral Commission invalidated local election results in cities in which the Together coalition had won DS later led the Alliance for Change sr which became part of the Democratic Opposition of Serbia DOS in January 2000 DOS won the 2000 Yugoslav general election but Milosevic the president of the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia and president of the Socialist Party of Serbia SPS declined to accept the results culminating in his overthrow DS assumed power in Serbia after winning parliamentary elections in December 2000 and Đinđic then became prime minister Đinđic was assassinated in March 2003 and succeeded by Boris Tadic as president of DS Tadic also became president of Serbia while DS was in opposition from 2004 to 2007 when it became part of a coalition government led by DSS Tadic led DS to victory in 2008 when a coalition government with SPS was formalised DS was defeated by the Serbian Progressive Party in 2012 and went into opposition Dragan Đilas became the president of DS in December 2012 he was ousted as mayor of Belgrade in 2013 but survived an internal motion of no confidence in January 2014 He was succeeded by Bojan Pajtic in May 2014 Dragan Sutanovac became the president of DS after Pajtic s resignation in 2016 Sutanovac was then succeeded by Lutovac in 2018 Lutovac led DS into several opposition coalitions and boycotted the 2020 parliamentary election causing a schism in the party He successfully led DS back into the National Assembly in the 2022 election DS was a catch all party in its early years occupying the centrist and centre right position It supported the establishment of a market economy denationalisation and union rights DS shifted to a centrist and socially liberal profile under Tadic and became the leading party of the pro European bloc of Serbian politics It shifted towards social democracy in 2013 and is now positioned on the centre left on the political spectrum Its supporters tend to be female high school or university educated tolerant towards diversity socially progressive and opposed to authoritarianism and nationalism DS is an associate member of the Party of European Socialists and a member of the Progressive Alliance and Socialist International Contents 1 History 1 1 Formation 1 2 1990 1993 the Micunovic years 1 3 1994 2000 the Đinđic years 1 4 2001 2004 Post Milosevic period 1 5 2005 2012 the Tadic years 1 6 2013 2017 Internal crisis 1 7 2018 present the Lutovac years 2 Ideology and platform 2 1 Micunovic and Đinđic era 2 2 Tadic era 2 3 Post Tadic era 2 4 Demographic characteristics 3 Organisation 3 1 International cooperation 3 2 List of presidents 4 Electoral performance 4 1 Parliamentary elections 4 2 Presidential elections 4 3 Federal parliamentary elections 4 4 Federal presidential elections 5 References 5 1 Primary sources 6 External linksHistory editFormation edit nbsp Dragoljub Micunovic served as the first president of DS from 1990 to 1994 On 11 December 1989 a group of intellectuals including anti communist dissidents liberal academics poets writers and film and theatre directors held a press conference announcing the revival of the Democratic Party DS at which they also released a written proclamation 1 2 142 DS had existed in the Kingdom of Yugoslavia until 1945 when the Communist Party of Yugoslavia later known as League of Communists of Yugoslavia SKJ 3 came to power 4 5 26 as such DS claims that it was re founded obnovljena instead of categorising itself as a new political party 6 The original thirteen signatories of the proclamation of the Founding Committee included Kosta Cavoski Milovan Danojlic Zoran Đinđic Gojko Đogo Vladimir Gligorov Slobodan Inic Marko Jankovic Vojislav Kostunica Dragoljub Micunovic Borislav Pekic Miodrag Perisic Radoslav Stojanovic and Dusan Vukajlovic 4 7 8 Their programmatic proclamation named Letter of Intents Pismo o namerama attracted even more intellectuals who eventually joined DS 1 9 In 1989 the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia was still a one party state DS thus became the first opposition non communist party in Yugoslavia 5 25 10 11 With the disintegration of the SKJ that began in January 1990 its constituent republics later including Serbia in July 1990 adopted multi party systems 12 13 DS organised its founding assembly on 3 February 1990 at the Belgrade Youth Center 2 142 4 9 The first presidency of the DS was contested between Cavoski and Micunovic with the latter ultimately winning the position 5 27 Ideological differences between the two existed 5 27 Cavoski wanted the party to adopt a more nationalist and anti communist rhetoric 14 15 60 while Micunovic was viewed as a liberal 16 Although Cavoski lost in the leadership election he was elected president of the party s executive board Pekic became the deputy president of the DS 9 17 According to Micunovic Cavoski initially registered the party in Tuzla Bosnia and Herzegovina in March 1990 because Serbia had not yet adopted a law authorising a multi party system 17 DS was later registered in Serbia on 27 July 1990 1 1990 1993 the Micunovic years edit After its establishment the DS began publishing its newspaper Demokratija English Democracy and it also established the Democratic Youth its youth wing 18 19 20 Gligorov and Inic who worked on the economic programme of the party left DS also shortly after its formation due to ideological disagreements 9 11 20 At its second assembly in September 1990 Micunovic was re elected president of DS while Kostunica and Desimir Tosic sr were elected vice presidents 21 A month later DS announced that it would take part in the 1990 Serbian parliamentary election 15 73 This decision was opposed by Cavoski and Nikola Milosevic who advocated for an election boycott instead 15 73 Cavoski previously proposed that opposition parties should receive television air time representation on electoral bodies and for the campaign to last 90 days in total 15 71 Cavoski and Milosevic left DS shortly before the December 1990 election claiming that fair electoral conditions had not been created 9 They then formed the Serbian Liberal Party SLS in January 1991 15 80 Đinđic succeeded Cavoski as the president of the party s executive board 21 Despite winning 7 percent of the popular vote in the 1990 election DS only won 7 seats in the National Assembly due to Serbia s new first past the post electoral system which favoured the Socialist Party of Serbia SPS the then ruling and largest party of Serbia 22 23 Together with the Serbian Renewal Movement SPO DS organised mass protests in Belgrade in March 1991 demanding reforms of the Radio Television of Serbia RTS 24 25 44 As a result of the protests SPO leader Vuk Draskovic was let go and the RTS director resigned 26 After the break up of Yugoslavia in early 1992 Serbia became a part of the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia 27 28 DS boycotted the May 1992 federal parliamentary elections and declined to accept the results claiming that free and fair conditions had not been created for the election 25 84 85 29 1678 Instead of campaigning DS preferred to organise anti government protests to force the government to call new elections 25 84 85 In June 1992 DS decided not to join the Democratic Movement of Serbia DEPOS coalition that had been created a month earlier 9 21 Kostunica led the DS for DEPOS faction that was in favour of joining DEPOS 30 He left the party after DS decided not to join the coalition claiming that Micunovic and Đinđic were in a secret alliance with SPS 31 After leaving DS he partnered with Mirko Petrovic Drasko Petrovic and Vladan Batic and formed the Democratic Party of Serbia DSS 17 20 32 After the mass protests another federal parliamentary election was organised for December 1992 29 1704 DS decided to take part in this election and it won 6 percent of the popular vote and 5 seats in the Federal Assembly 29 1724 33 DS then joined the government led by Milan Panic the then incumbent prime minister of FR Yugoslavia 20 Simultaneously in December 1992 general elections were organised in Serbia as a result of an October 1992 early elections referendum 25 84 Although DS opposed the referendum it participated in the election winning 6 seats 25 85 89 34 In the presidential election however DS supported Panic who placed second behind Slobodan Milosevic the leader of SPS 25 89 90 35 In 1993 Đinđic asserted himself in the party and led its operations going into the 1993 parliamentary election 11 17 36 Milosevic ended his coalition with the Serbian Radical Party SRS in mid 1993 and turned towards DS for negotiations instead 37 Micunovic claimed that there was a meeting between Milosevic and DS although Zoran Zivkovic has denied that claim 9 37 Đinđic invited several entrepreneurs to join DS during this period and DS was dubbed the yellow company from its opponents 9 20 Yellow was both an official colour of DS and the colour of Centromarket a company owned by Slobodan Radulovic one of the entrepreneurs invited to join the party 38 Shortly before the 1993 election DS agreed that Đinđic should be their ballot representative 20 He led DS under the Honestly Posteno banner and visited over 100 locations in Serbia during the campaign period Đinđic also said that he would retire from politics if DS won less than 20 seats 17 39 The campaign was successful DS won 29 seats in the National Assembly 39 40 DS remained in opposition after the election as Đinđic was unable to bring DS into the SPS led government 36 39 41 1994 2000 the Đinđic years edit nbsp Zoran Đinđic led DS into several opposition coalitions before winning the 2000 elections under the DOS coalition At a party congress on 25 January 1994 Đinđic was elected president and Perisic and Miroljub Labus were elected vice presidents of the party 21 Micunovic and Vida Ognjenovic also resigned from their positions in DS during the congress 9 21 Đinđic commented that Micunovic s time has passed Micunovic is no Tina Turner who sounds better now than when she was 30 Micunovicevo vreme je proslo Micunovic nije Tina Tarner pa da bolje zvuci sada nego sa trideset godina 16 By contrast Micunovic characterised the manner of Đinđic s takeover of DS as a combination of Machiavellianism and a revolutionary technique spoj makijavelizma i revolucionarne tehnike 42 During this period Đinđic also benefited from discreet support in the Milosevic controlled state run media 16 After Đinđic became the president of DS the party was reorganised and moved away from Micunovic s intellectualistic approach 43 In 1995 DS rejected Slobodan Gavrilovic s proposal to reunite with DSS while later that year Micunovic left DS and then formed the Democratic Centre DC in 1996 9 15 255 In September 1996 DS formed the Together coalition with SPO and the Civic Alliance of Serbia GSS to take part in the federal parliamentary election and local elections which were organised for November 1996 29 1715 44 45 DSS also took part in the coalition although only at the federal level 15 285 Together won 23 percent of the popular vote in the federal parliamentary elections it also won local elections in key cities such as Belgrade Nis and Novi Sad 15 286 287 25 72 However the Electoral Commission invalidated those local election results which ultimately led to mass protests that were attended by hundreds of thousands of people in total 25 79 46 The aftermath of the protests resulted in Đinđic and Zivkovic becoming mayors of Belgrade and Nis respectively after the Electoral Commission recognised the results 46 In September 1997 Đinđic was removed from office after losing a motion of no confidence staged by SPO 25 125 The Together coalition was dissolved shortly before the 1997 general elections 47 DS DSS and GSS opted to boycott the election while SPO did not because the government partially accepted their demands 47 48 49 Cedomir Jovanovic and Cedomir Antic who led the Student Political Club during the 1996 1997 protests joined DS in 1998 50 51 In the same year DS became part of the Alliance for Change sr a moderate opposition coalition 25 233 52 This coalition later became part of a wider alliance the Democratic Opposition of Serbia DOS that was formed in January 2000 25 234 52 Đinđic faced Slobodan Vuksanovic at a party congress in February 2000 with Đinđic ultimately retaining the position of party president 9 21 Zivkovic and Gavrilovic remained vice presidents of DS and were joined by Predrag Filipov and Boris Tadic 21 Vuksanovic left DS in October 2000 and formed the People s Democratic Party NDS in 2001 9 Milosevic then President of FR Yugoslavia amended the federal constitution to provide for direct rather than indirect elections in the 2000 general elections 52 DOS nominated Kostunica as their presidential candidate 53 Kostunica faced Milosevic in the presidential election which he won in the first round 25 245 54 However Milosevic declined to accept the results and the Electoral Commission reported that Kostunica had not won more than 50 percent of the votes in the first round and that a second round would be scheduled instead 52 53 This culminated in mass protests which led to the overthrow of Milosevic on 5 October 2000 52 The Electoral Commission published the actual results two days later confirming that Kostunica had won in the first round 55 Together with SPS and SPO DOS agreed to organise a snap parliamentary election in December 2000 in which DOS won 176 out of 250 seats in the National Assembly 25 271 52 2001 2004 Post Milosevic period edit nbsp After the assassination of Zoran Đinđic Boris Tadic was elected president of DS and president of Serbia in 2004 In January 2001 Đinđic was elected prime minister of Serbia his cabinet was composed of 16 ministers 56 57 58 Following the extradition of Milosevic to the International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia in June 2001 members of DSS left his cabinet 58 59 DS also adopted its new programme that marked the beginning of the party s shift towards the left 21 DS nominated Labus who at the time was the leader of a citizens group in the presidential election that was organised for September 2002 60 81 The election proceeded to a second round in which Labus placed second However the election was invalidated because less than 50 percent of registered voters turned out to vote and another election was organised for December 2002 60 24 61 Labus subsequently became the president of G17 Plus G17 a think tank that he registered as a political party 9 62 DS initially stated its intent to support Kostunica but DSS declined their support 63 21 The December 2002 presidential election was also invalidated as a result of low turnout and a third presidential election was organised for November 2003 64 Đinđic who was opposed to organised crime escaped an assassination attempt in February 2003 65 Đinđic sought to tackle and reduce organised crime and corruption while he also previously introduced security measures due to the growing threats from paramilitary groups and organised crime 66 67 One month later on 12 March 2003 Zvezdan Jovanovic a member of the Serbian Mafia s Zemun Clan assassinated Đinđic as he was exiting a vehicle in front of a government building 68 69 70 Zivkovic succeeded Đinđic as prime minister of Serbia and as the acting president of DS 21 71 In the presidential election in 2003 DS supported Micunovic as part of the DOS coalition 72 He placed second but the election was invalidated as a result of low 38 percent voter turnout 72 73 90 During his premiership Zivkovic lost confidence from the Social Democratic Party and he announced that he would not reshuffle his cabinet but call a snap parliamentary election instead Natasa Micic the president of the National Assembly confirmed that the election would be held in December 2003 62 74 12 DOS then disbanded and DS nominated Tadic to represent its list in the election instead 62 DS was on a joint ballot list with DSS DC Social Democratic Union SDU and List for Sandzak LZS 74 19 The DS list won 37 seats in the National Assembly out of which 22 went to DS alone resulting in DS being in opposition 62 74 19 At the party congress in February 2004 Tadic and Zivkovic nominated themselves as candidates for the presidency with the former ultimately becoming the president on 22 February 2004 21 Micunovic s party merged with DS after Tadic s election as president of DS 9 21 Otpor an organisation that played a key role in the overthrow of Milosevic also merged into DS in 2004 9 75 The National Assembly amended the Law on the Election of the President of the Republic in February 2004 abolishing the 50 percent voter turnout requirement in presidential elections 76 DS then nominated Tadic as its presidential candidate in the election that was scheduled for June 2004 77 5 78 Tadic placed second in the first round but won in the second round with 53 percent of the popular vote defeating Tomislav Nikolic of SRS 76 In December 2004 Tadic expelled Jovanovic from the party for breaching party protocol Jovanovic formed the Liberal Democratic Party a year later 9 2005 2012 the Tadic years edit nbsp Tadic led DS into a coalition government with SPS in 2008 but was sent into opposition after the 2012 elections During Tadic s first term as president of Serbia he apologised to Bosnia and Herzegovina and Croatia for Serbia s role in the Yugoslav Wars and pursued a pro Western foreign policy 79 80 81 He was reelected unopposed as DS president at the party s congress in 2006 21 In late 2006 G17 withdrew from Kostunica s government which led Tadic to schedule a snap parliamentary election for January 2007 82 83 23 DS chose Ruzica Đinđic the spouse of Zoran Đinđic as their ballot representative campaigning on continuing Đinđic s legacy and fighting against corruption 82 DS also promised not to form a coalition government with SPS or SRS 84 DS won over 900 000 votes 85 and negotiated with DSS and G17 to form a coalition government Kostunica remained as prime minister and Bozidar Đelic of DS was appointed deputy prime minister in his cabinet 82 In December 2007 Oliver Dulic the president of the National Assembly announced that he had scheduled presidential elections for January 2008 86 DS nominated Tadic for reelection 87 46 He again faced Nikolic in the second round of the election and was successfully re elected 87 19 88 Shortly after the 2008 presidential election Kosovo declared its independence from Serbia 89 Kosovo s declaration of independence as well as the issue of European integration resulted in a political crisis between DS and G17 on one side and DSS on the other 90 Kostunica embraced anti Western positions and was a hardliner on the Kosovo issue he blamed his coalition partners for creating an unworkable rift in the government during his resignation speech 91 92 93 Kostunica also said that he could no longer rule in a coalition with DS and as a result Tadic announced a snap parliamentary election for May 2008 94 95 Prior to the election DS formed the For a European Serbia ZES coalition composed of DS G17 SDP SPO the Democratic Alliance of Croats in Vojvodina DSHV and the League of Social Democrats of Vojvodina LSV 96 45 This coalition nominated Micunovic as their ballot representative and campaigned on continuing negotiations for the accession of Serbia to the European Union 90 ZES placed first winning 102 seats in the National Assembly DS won 64 seats out of those 102 96 142 97 After the election DS was excluded from government formation talks and in June 2008 it entered talks with SPS to form a coalition government 96 153 154 DS and SPS agreed to continue Serbia s accession to the European Union work on fighting crime and corruption and enact social justice reforms to help the vulnerable sections of the population 96 154 156 DS and SPS formalised their cooperation after the election by signing a reconciliation agreement 98 The new government was formed in July 2008 with Mirko Cvetkovic an independent politician affiliated with DS 99 serving as prime minister and Ivica Dacic the leader of SPS serving as deputy prime minister 90 The DS led government was faced with the arrest of Radovan Karadzic Kosovo s declaration of independence and the global financial crisis that resulted in low rates of economic growth 98 100 11 13 The Serbian Progressive Party SNS now led by Nikolic arranged mass protests in 2011 demanding that Tadic call snap elections 101 Tadic complied and called an election in March 2012 to be held two months later in May 102 103 In April however Tadic announced that he would resign as president and that presidential elections would be held on the same day as the parliamentary election 104 DS led the Choice for a Better Life IZBZ coalition that also included DSHV LSV the Social Democratic Party of Serbia the Greens of Serbia and the Christian Democratic Party of Serbia 98 105 Dragan Đilas the deputy president of DS and mayor of Belgrade was chosen as the coalition s ballot representative DS campaigned on economic recovery emphasising attracting foreign investments and developing small business 98 IZBZ placed second winning 67 seats and 49 of those were won by DS alone 100 34 106 In the presidential election Tadic placed first in the first round of voting but lost to Nikolic in the second 100 22 107 Following the 2012 parliamentary election SPS successfully formed a government with SNS and DS went into opposition 98 108 Đilas who was re elected as mayor of Belgrade was positioned as a prominent candidate to succeed Tadic as president of DS 109 110 An extraordinary party congress was called for 25 November 2012 with Đilas and Branimir Kuzmanovic put forward as the only candidates to succeed Tadic as president of DS 111 Đilas was elected president in a landslide victory and Tadic was awarded the title of an honorary president 112 113 Additionally Pajtic was re elected as vice president and was joined by Natasa Vuckovic Vesna Martinovic Dejan Nikolic Miodrag Rakic Goran Ciric and Jovan Markovic 114 Zivkovic criticised the measure to award Tadic the honorary president title and described it as a rotten compromise between Đilas and Tadic this led to his departure from DS 115 116 After leaving DS Zivkovic announced the formation of the New Party Nova 115 117 As president of DS Đilas ordered former government ministers to resign from the National Assembly 118 This order received support from Tadic but was criticised by Micunovic and Dusan Petrovic the former minister of agriculture who refused to resign 118 119 2013 2017 Internal crisis edit Petrovic was expelled from DS in January 2013 120 and subsequently formed a parliamentary group named Together for Serbia ZZS which was later registered as a political party 121 122 Former minister of foreign affairs Vuk Jeremic was expelled from DS in February 2013 123 Jeremic claimed that the party s decision was unconstitutional and filed a suit in the Constitutional Court 124 His appeal was rejected Jeremic complied with the decision and left DS although he kept his seat in the National Assembly 125 DS also dropped to 13 percent support amongst the public while SNS received over 40 percent 126 In September 2013 SNS filed a motion of no confidence against Đilas resulting in his dismissal 127 128 SNS cited DS poor results and asserted that DS lost legitimacy as reasons for the motion while Đilas stated that this is the beginning of a dictatorship and a one party system smatra da je to uvod u diktaturu i jednopartijski sistem 129 As a consequence local boards of DS called for Đilas to resign as president of DS 130 Tadic was accused of conspiring against Đilas in a bid to return to the post of president of DS and the accusations called attention to the conflict between Đilas and Tadic 130 This resulted in an internal party motion of no confidence against Đilas He survived 131 132 Đilas and Pajtic also suggested that an extraordinary congress should be held after the Belgrade City Assembly election which was ultimately scheduled for March 2014 132 Tadic left DS on 30 January 2014 citing his disagreement with party leadership 133 134 Shortly after Tadic announced that he would begin collecting signatures to register his new party the New Democratic Party 135 later renamed the Social Democratic Party 136 to participate in the snap parliamentary election scheduled to be held on the same day as the Belgrade City Assembly election 137 DS announced that it would take part in the 2014 parliamentary election with Nova DSHV Rich Serbia and the United Trade Unions of Serbia Sloga as part of the With the Democratic Party for a Democratic Serbia coalition 138 139 The coalition only won 19 seats in the National Assembly DS won 17 seats and Nova won 2 140 77 141 In the Belgrade City Assembly election the DS coalition won 22 seats 142 After the elections an extraordinary congress was organised on 31 May 2014 143 144 Pajtic faced Đilas and Pajtic was successfully elected to the presidency of DS 145 146 Đilas subsequently resigned from his position as a member of the National Assembly and left DS in June 2016 147 148 Borko Stefanovic a vice president of DS left the party in December 2015 citing ideological differences and then formed the Serbian Left LS 147 149 In March 2016 Nikolic called for snap parliamentary elections to take place in April 2016 150 DS then formed the For a Just Serbia coalition with Nova ZZS DSHV and Together for Sumadija 147 151 The coalition won 16 seats in the National Assembly 12 of which were occupied by DS 152 10 153 After the election a party congress was organised for 24 September 2016 154 Pajtic faced Dragan Sutanovac Zoran Lutovac and Srboljub Antic in the leadership election 155 He ultimately lost to Sutanovac in the first round Markovic Branislav Lecic Nada Kolundzija Goran Salak and Tamara Tripic were elected vice presidents 156 157 In January 2017 Sutanovac announced that DS would support Sasa Jankovic in the 2017 presidential election instead of filing its own candidate 158 159 DS also called for other parties to rally around Jankovic as a joint opposition candidate 160 During the campaign Jankovic used the infrastructure of DS to position himself as the leader of the opposition 152 12 He placed second behind Aleksandar Vucic of SNS winning 16 percent of the popular vote 161 After the election Jankovic stopped cooperating with DS and formed the Movement of Free Citizens PSG in May 2017 152 93 162 In preparation for the 2018 Belgrade City Assembly election DS advocated for the opposition parties to participate on a joint list 163 By the end of 2017 DS had announced that it would take part in a coalition with Nova with Sutanovac as their mayoral candidate 164 2018 present the Lutovac years edit nbsp Zoran Lutovac has been the president of DS since 2018 DS and Nova were joined by Tadic s SDS in January 2018 while the Green Ecological Party The Greens also appeared on the ballot 165 166 However the coalition did not win any seats as it only received 2 percent of the popular vote 167 168 This led to the resignations of Sutanovac and Balsa Bozovic the president of the DS branch in Belgrade 169 170 In April 2018 DS announced that a party congress would be arranged for 2 June 2018 171 The leadership election was contested by Lutovac Branislav Lecic and Gordana Comic 172 Lutovac ultimately won the election Nikolic Aleksandra Jerkov Dragana Rakic Dragoslav Sumarac and Sasa Paunovic were elected vice presidents 173 174 Lutovac announced that DS must organise itself and that DS would cooperate with the Alliance for Serbia SZS a group in the City Assembly of Belgrade led by Đilas 173 175 However SZS was reorganised as a nationwide coalition in September 2018 that in addition to DS included ZZS Sloga LS Jeremic s People s Party Narodna Dveri the Movement for Reversal PZP and Healthy Serbia 176 177 In internal DS deliberations founding members Micunovic and Ognjenovic as well as Comic and Sutanovac were opposed to joining SZS 178 After the physical attack on the leader of LS in November 2018 SZS organised mass anti government protests 179 180 In January 2019 DS announced it s intent to boycott the sessions of the National Assembly the City Assembly of Belgrade and the Assembly of Vojvodina claiming that the bodies did not have legitimacy due to the government s obstruction of the parliamentary opposition by allegedly violating the rules of Parliament as well as laws and the Constitution 181 182 DS also signed the Agreement with the People which stated that if fair and free conditions for elections were not met it would boycott the 2020 parliamentary election 183 In February 2019 Lutovac and Tadic began discussing merging their parties to become the main option for civic democratic voters that will be able to integrate voters that are against Aleksandra Vucic glavna opcija za građansko demokratske birace i koja ce biti u stanju da integrise snage koje su protiv Aleksandra Vucica 184 185 This decision was approved by both DS and SDS 186 187 ZZS led by Nebojsa Zelenovic also joined the talks 188 The merger was formalised as a union in May 2019 under the name United Democratic Party 189 The merger was to be completed upon the relaxation of COVID 19 pandemic measures 190 During the COVID 19 pandemic SDS left the process with Tadic later claiming that Lutovac allegedly put an end to the merger 191 192 As part of SZS in September 2019 DS announced that it would boycott the 2020 parliamentary election 193 194 The decision to boycott the election received criticism from some DS members such as Micunovic and Sutanovac who stated that DS officials in response would create citizens groups to encourage voting in the elections 195 196 197 During a session of the party s main board in November 2019 Lecic Jerkov Bozovic Radoslav Milojicic and Slobodan Milosavljevic left a meeting to attempt to break quorum after demanding a new leadership election 198 199 Lutovac described the move as a coup d etat and claimed that Vucic was attempting to break up DS 199 200 He also later claimed that a group inside DS was attempting to cooperate with Vucic 201 After attending a session in the National Assembly in February 2020 Comic was expelled from DS 202 She was later featured on United Democratic Serbia s ballot and became a government minister 203 204 DS scheduled March 2020 party congress was postponed as a result of the COVID 19 pandemic and rescheduled for 21 June 2020 when the parliamentary election was also scheduled to be take place 205 206 During the party congress a group of DS members left the congress to hold an alternate leadership election 207 The congress continued on 28 June 2020 the dissatisfied group held its own congress in Belgrade with Tadic in attendance while Lutovac held the official party congress in Sabac 208 Lutovac then expelled Lecic Bozovic Milojicic and Milosavljevic from DS 209 The dissatisfied group then chose Lecic as president The Ministry of Public Administration and Local Self Government rejected Lecic s request to be recognised as the legal president of DS concluding that Lutovac was its legitimate president 210 211 Lecic then formed the Democrats of Serbia that later merged into Tadic s SDS 212 213 During the conflict between the two DS factions SZS was dissolved and succeeded by the United Opposition of Serbia UOPS 214 215 However UOPS dissolved in January 2021 due to a dispute regarding inter party dialogues on electoral conditions between Narodna and Party of Freedom and Justice SSP the party led by Đilas 216 217 DS organised a congress on 4 July 2021 Lutovac was reelected president and Rakic was reelected deputy president Tatjana Manojlovic Nenad Mitrovic Miodrag Gavrilovic and Branimir Jovancicevic were elected vice presidents 218 After the congress DS Narodna SSP and PSG announced that they would cooperate in the 2022 Serbian general election 219 220 Their coalition was formalised in February 2022 under the name United for the Victory of Serbia UZPS they nominated Zdravko Ponos of Narodna as their presidential candidate 221 222 UZPS won 14 percent of the popular vote in the parliamentary election DS won 10 seats 223 224 Ponos placed second in the presidential election behind Vucic 225 After the election UZPS was dissolved with Lutovac stating that it was only a pre election coalition 226 227 Shortly before the first constitutive session of the National Assembly on 1 August 2022 Narodna DS Do not let Belgrade drown and Together nominated Lutovac for vice president of the National Assembly 228 He was successfully elected on 2 August 2022 229 The Movement of Free Serbia which was a part of the UZPS coalition merged into DS in September 2022 230 After the May 2023 Belgrade school shooting and mass murder in Mladenovac and Smederevo DS was one of the organising parties of the mass protests 231 232 In August 2023 DS Together and Serbia Centre signed a cooperation agreement 233 DS became part of the Serbia Against Violence SPN coalition in October 2023 a coalition of political parties organising the 2023 protests 234 SPN announced that it would contest the parliamentary Vojvodina provincial and Belgrade City Assembly elections all scheduled for 17 December 2023 235 236 Manojlovic resigned as vice president of DS when her name was absent from the SPN electoral list for the parliamentary elections 237 In the parliamentary election SPN won 65 seats 8 of which went to DS 238 Ideology and platform editMicunovic and Đinđic era edit DS was a catch all party during its early period and was composed of ideologically heterogeneous groups 15 59 61 16 It included the founders of the Praxis School Micunovic and Đinđic who were labelled liberals as well as Cavoski Kostunica and Milosevic who argued for the adoption of a stronger anti communist position inside the party 15 60 16 DS was also divided on nationalism with members such as Gligorov and Inic arguing that nationalism should be solved within a common Yugoslav state while members like Đogo favoured a Greater Serbian policy 15 60 DS supported a mixed economy with a strong role of the market but it also sought to implement reforms towards establishing a modern market economy and integrating Serbia into the European Community 9 15 59 239 80 DS adopted a civic and centrist identity and in its Letter of Intent of December 1989 it stated its support for the establishment of a democratic and multi party system 15 59 239 80 Regarding Yugoslavia DS supported federalisation and a pluralistic democratic order to guarantee human security and personal freedom and decrease ethnic conflicts 15 59 Political scientist Dijana Vukomanovic has argued that DS has promoted liberalism in an economic and democratic sense since its formation and noted that in its 1990 programme DS emphasised establishing a representative parliamentary democracy and advancing human and political freedoms and civic rights 240 92 By contrast political scientist Vukasin Pavlovic has noted that DS could be described as centre right at the time of its formation in 1990 due to its founders ideological positions 2 143 Likewise Metropolitan University Prague lecturer Marko Stojic has described DS in its founding era as centre right because its programme advocated a liberal market economy and minimal role for the state 241 62 Political scientist Vladimir Goati has positioned the 1990s DS on the moderate right noting its support for private property rights and the omission of the regulatory and redistributive functions of the state from its 1992 programme 25 66 Goati has also categorised the party as liberal democratic explaining that after 1993 DS began to use less anti communist rhetoric compared with other opposition parties 25 103 104 In 1991 then Washington Post journalist Blaine Harden described DS as a moderate opposition party 242 and in a 1999 report BBC News described DS as centrist 243 Scholar Slavisa Orlovic has noted that the party provide d a balance of goals of the right and left political traditions 2 156 Political scientist Slobodan Antonic has stated that although DS was formed as a civic party in its 1992 programme DS identified itself as a civic national liberal and socially responsible party 2 156 it had a nationalistic phase in mid 1990s supporting the modernisation of the country as well as the self determination of Serbs 2 156 157 but that soon after it returned to civic positions 244 57 Additionally political scientist Jovan Komsic has noted that DS moderated its stance on nationalism after the 1995 Dayton Agreement thereafter focusing on the democratisation of Serbia 2 156 157 Goati has described DS as an anti system party because it opposed the 1990 constitution 25 41 Under Đinđic DS shifted to more pragmatic and flexible approaches and principles becoming the leading anti Milosevic party after 1998 43 239 91 245 Đinđic has been described as a pro Western reformist and a technocrat 69 70 DS advocated for denationalisation and free mass distribution of shares and established the Centre for Privatisation 240 93 However DS also supported the right to work trade union rights social security and the fight against unemployment 240 93 DS described these economic positions as people s capitalism but the party dropped these positions after coming to power in 2001 when it began promoting neoliberalism 240 94 DS was also associated with the shock therapy group of economic policies 2 170 DS supported policies that would bring Serbia closer to the West and reintegrate Serbia into the international community and also supported the extradition of Serbian citizens that were indicted by the ICTY 241 45 46 Tadic era edit nbsp DS officials at a gathering dedicated to Serbia gaining candidate status for European Union membership Despite trying to position itself as a social democratic party after Đinđic s assassination Vukomanovic has argued that the leadership of DS did not dare to take a decisive step towards the left 2 170 240 98 Political scientist Zoran Stojiljkovic has noted that instead it shifted towards social liberalism 246 144 On the other hand political scientist Zoran Slavujevic argued in 2003 that at the time DS was still positioned between the centre and centre right 246 166 Others have described DS under Tadic as centrist and as associated with liberalism and social liberalism 2 92 93 114 5 25 450 247 248 Tadic has been described as a liberal a label he accepts 249 During his leadership he was considered to be popular amongst businessmen due to his support for the accession of Serbia to the European Union 78 250 Despite being supported by liberals DS would occasionally position itself as a state building party of the centre left 2 115 During Tadic s tenure DS was the leading party of the liberal and pro European bloc 83 14 but it also promoted privatisation to accelerate Serbia s economic development 83 61 Stojic has noted that DS programmatic shift towards social democracy began in 2007 but while in government DS did not pursue a social democratic agenda 241 63 DS under Tadic has been described as internationalist 251 and pro Western 94 252 Although it also declared itself in favour of military neutrality DS expressed sympathy for and its government ministers cooperated with NATO 2 64 253 DS also believed that the political status of Kosovo should be solved via diplomacy 83 59 although it did not adopt a clear stance on the issue following Kosovo s declaration of independence in 2008 87 5 Under Tadic DS took a balanced approach towards foreign relations for example a year after Kosovo s declaration Tadic hosted U S Vice president Joe Biden and Russian President Dmitry Medvedev for talks 254 Shortly before the 2012 elections Serbia received candidate status for European Union membership 255 To attract ethnic minority voters DS exploited the cultural ideological cleft in Vojvodina seeking to attract voters from minority interests parties 2 23 and promoted regionalism 256 DS also advocated for the improvement of the standard of living and for a balanced regional development 83 59 60 and proposed the creation of an independent body that would implement anti corruption measures in the judiciary 83 64 Post Tadic era edit After 2012 DS shifted further to the left and began identifying itself as social democratic 5 25 257 8 a description which has since been accepted by scholars and political observers 241 61 258 259 Stojic has categorised DS as social democratic and as a party with a liberal legacy 241 62 DS has been described as being on the centre left of the political spectrum 260 261 262 By contrast Dusan Spasojevic a professor at the Faculty of Political Sciences of the University of Belgrade has described DS social views as being orientated towards the left 263 The current leader of DS Zoran Lutovac describes himself as a leftist 264 DS has served in opposition to SNS since 2012 265 It has been critical of the government s stance on Kosovo 266 267 although it supported the 2013 Brussels Agreement 268 In an interview Sutanovac described the Kosovo issue as a not an everyday political problem 269 During the North Kosovo crisis in 2023 DS voiced its opposition to the Ohrid Agreement with Lutovac claiming that the agreement does not respect the interests of Serbia and the rights of Serbs in Kosovo but also because DS does not want to give Vucic legitimacy for what he did 270 When Đilas led DS in opposition to SNS during the 2014 election he pledged to provide free textbooks for students and full salaries for pregnant women increase wages for healthcare workers and help pensioners 140 16 DS is opposed to jadarite mining and was one of the signatories of an agreement on the prohibition of exploration exploitation and processing of lithium in Serbia in October 2021 271 272 DS has declared itself to be the bearer of the most progressive ideas it is in favour of protecting workers minorities and the environment and it supports guaranteed rights to healthcare education and pensions 5 32 33 2 In 2014 the Gay Straight Alliance an association that promotes LGBT rights in Serbia described DS as the most positive party towards the LGBT community 273 DS has condemned violence against the LGBT community and in August 2022 it supported hosting 2022 EuroPride in Belgrade 274 275 It has also criticised the attacks on the Pride Info Centre in Belgrade 276 Demographic characteristics edit Before the federal parliamentary election in December 1992 a majority of DS supporters preferred a citizen state građanska drzava over a nation state nacionalna drzava 25 64 According to political scientist Dragomir Pantic supporters of DS in the 1990s shared similar characteristics with supporters of DSS GSS and other minority parties 2 32 DS supporters were young and urban and they came from the middle and upper classes 2 32 Public intellectuals technicians and those who worked in the private sector were also supporters of DS 2 35 After 2000 DS voters professed liberal democratic values they were also less religious opposed to authoritarianism and centralism and supportive of political reforms 2 32 35 Political scientist Ilija Vujacic however has argued that DS supporters in the 21st century skewed more towards the political centre 277 In 2007 political scientist Srecko Mihailovic noted that a majority of DS supporters identified with the left 18 with the far left 22 with the left wing and 25 with the centre left while 18 described themselves as centrist 278 According to a 2005 opinion poll 66 of DS supporters thought Serbia should rely on the European Union for Serbia s foreign policy 279 In opinion polls conducted prior to the 2008 elections a majority of DS supporters declared themselves to be pro European 96 13 In 2012 a majority of DS voters were female below 50 years old and possessed a high school or university diploma 100 84 86 DS supporters were mostly workers technicians officials and dependents 100 87 In 2014 80 of DS supporters were female 60 of supporters were under 50 years old and a majority of supporters held either a high school or university diploma 140 104 In 2014 most DS supporters were tolerant of diversity and they rejected authoritarianism and nationalism 140 104 By 2016 most DS supporters were younger than 40 280 November 2020 research conducted by the Heinrich Boll Foundation found that supporters of DS viewed themselves as socially progressive 257 14 Organisation editAs of May 2023 update DS is led by Zoran Lutovac who was elected president in 2018 173 At the party congress in 2021 Lutovac was re elected president and Rakic was elected deputy president Jovancicevic Gavrilovic and Mitrovic currently serve as vice presidents 218 Lutovac is also the party s parliamentary leader in the National Assembly 281 DS has its headquarters at Nusiceva 6 II in Belgrade 282 From 1990 to 1998 DS put out the newspaper Demokratija 283 Since July 2021 update the party has published the newspaper Bedem 284 3 Its youth wing the Democratic Youth has been led by Stefan Ninic since February 2022 update 285 DS also operates a women s wing called Women s Forum 286 DS membership is open to every adult citizen of Serbia who is not a member of another party organisation 5 56 In December 2010 DS reported that it had 185 192 members 21 by 2013 the numer had increased to 196 673 members 287 4 However only 18 459 DS members had the right to vote in the 2016 leadership election 287 DS has city local and municipal branches as well as a special branch in Vojvodina 5 58 59 DS has an assembly a main board a presidency an executive board a statutory commission which includes the centre of departmental committees and the centre for education a supervisory board a political council and an ethics committee 5 59 288 289 DS also operates the Foundation for Improving Democracy Ljuba Davidovic 290 The main board is the highest body of DS the president of DS represents and manages the party 5 61 63 Ten political parties have been formed as splits from DS the DC DSS now known as the New Democratic Party of Serbia 291 G17 LDP Nova NDS LS SLS SDS and ZZS 292 International cooperation edit DS has been a member of the Socialist International since 2003 update and in December 2006 it became an associate member of the Party of European Socialists 2 36 293 According to Doris Pack a German politician and close friend of Đinđic Đinđic made the decision to apply to become an associate member of the Party of European Socialists Zoran Alimpic a senior DS official stated that the decision came as a surprise to senior DS officials 241 63 DS is also affiliated with the Progressive Alliance 258 294 Its youth wing is a member of the Young European Socialists 295 296 and a full member of the International Union of Socialist Youth 297 In the Parliamentary Assembly of the Council of Europe DS was associated with the Socialist Group 298 In 2014 Pajtic with Sergey Stanishev then president of the Party of European Socialists Victor Ponta then leader of the Social Democratic Party of Romania and Zlatko Lagumdzija then leader of the Social Democratic Party of Bosnia and Herzegovina met with Li Yuanchao an official of the Chinese Communist Party to discuss economic relations between China and Europe 299 In 2017 Sutanovac met with Zoran Zaev the leader of the Social Democratic Union of Macedonia to discuss regional cooperation Serbia and North Macedonia s integration into the European Union and cooperation inside the Party of European Socialists 300 301 List of presidents edit President Birth Death Term start Term end 1 Dragoljub Micunovic nbsp 1930 3 February 1990 25 January 1994 2 Zoran Đinđic nbsp 1952 2003 25 January 1994 12 March 2003 assassinated Zoran Zivkovic acting nbsp 1960 12 March 2003 22 February 2004 3 Boris Tadic nbsp 1958 22 February 2004 25 November 2012 4 Dragan Đilas nbsp 1967 25 November 2012 31 May 2014 5 Bojan Pajtic nbsp 1970 31 May 2014 24 September 2016 6 Dragan Sutanovac nbsp 1968 24 September 2016 2 June 2018 7 Zoran Lutovac nbsp 1964 2 June 2018 IncumbentElectoral performance editParliamentary elections edit National Assembly of Serbia Year Leader Popular vote of popular vote of seats Seat change Coalition Status Ref 1990 Dragoljub Micunovic 374 887 7 78 nbsp 3rd 7 250 nbsp 7 Opposition 302 1992 196 347 4 42 nbsp 4th 6 250 nbsp 1 Opposition 303 1993 497 582 12 06 nbsp 4th 29 250 nbsp 23 Opposition 304 1997 Zoran Đinđic Election boycott 0 250 nbsp 29 Extra parliamentary 305 2000 2 402 387 65 69 nbsp 1st 45 250 nbsp 45 DOS Government 306 2003 Boris Tadic 481 249 12 75 nbsp 3rd 22 250 nbsp 23 DS GSS SDU LZS Opposition 307 2007 915 854 23 08 nbsp 2nd 60 250 nbsp 38 DS SDP DSHV Government 308 2008 1 590 200 39 25 nbsp 1st 64 250 nbsp 4 ZES Government 309 2012 863 294 23 09 nbsp 2nd 49 250 nbsp 15 IZBZ Opposition 310 2014 Dragan Đilas 216 634 6 23 nbsp 3rd 17 250 nbsp 32 DS DSHV Nova BS Opposition 311 2016 Bojan Pajtic 227 589 6 20 nbsp 5th 12 250 nbsp 5 DS Nova DSHV ZZS ZZS Opposition 312 2020 Zoran Lutovac Election boycott 0 250 nbsp 12 SZS Extra parliamentary 313 2022 520 469 14 09 nbsp 2nd 10 250 nbsp 10 UZPS Opposition 314 2023 902 450 24 32 nbsp 2nd 8 250 nbsp 2 SPN TBA Graphs are unavailable due to technical issues There is more info on Phabricator and on MediaWiki org Presidential elections edit President of Serbia Year Candidate 1st round popular vote of popular vote 2nd round popular vote of popular vote Notes Ref 1990 Did not participate 1992 Milan Panic 2nd 1 516 693 34 65 Supported Panic 315 Sep 1997 Election boycott Election annulled due to low turnout Dec 1997 Election boycott Sep Oct 2002 Miroljub Labus 2nd 995 200 27 96 2nd 921 094 31 62 Supported Labus election annulled due to low turnout 316 Dec 2002 Did not participate Election annulled due to low turnout 2003 Dragoljub Micunovic 2nd 893 906 36 67 Election annulled due to low turnout 317 2004 Boris Tadic 2nd 853 584 27 70 1st 1 681 528 53 97 318 2008 2nd 1 457 030 36 08 1st 2 304 467 51 19 319 2012 1st 989 454 26 50 2nd 1 481 952 48 84 310 2017 Sasa Jankovic 2nd 507 728 16 63 Supported Jankovic 320 2022 Zdravko Ponos 2nd 698 538 18 84 Supported Ponos 321 Federal parliamentary elections edit Year Leader Popular vote of popular vote of seats Seat change Coalition Status Notes Ref May 1992 Dragoljub Micunovic Election boycott 0 136 nbsp 0 Extra parliamentary 1992 1993 280 183 6 32 nbsp 4th 5 138 nbsp 5 Opposition 25 213 1996 Zoran Đinđic 969 296 23 77 nbsp 2nd 22 138 nbsp 17 Together Opposition Coalition Together won 22 seats in total 25 214 2000 2 040 646 43 86 nbsp 1st 58 138 nbsp 36 DOS Government DOS won 58 seats in total 25 269 2 092 799 46 23 nbsp 1st 10 40 nbsp 10 DOS Government DOS won 10 seats in total 25 270 Graphs are unavailable due to technical issues There is more info on Phabricator and on MediaWiki org Federal presidential elections edit President of FR Yugoslavia Year Candidate 1st round popular vote of popular vote 2nd round popular vote of popular vote Notes Ref 2000 Vojislav Kostunica 1st 2 470 304 51 71 Supported Kostunica 25 269 References edit a b Mataric Maja J Ninkovic Visnja 2006 Remembering the Beginnings of the re established Democratic Party The South Slav Journal 27 3 4 London Dositej Obradovic Circle 62 71 ISSN 0141 6146 via British Library a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r Orlovic Slavisa 2011 Partije i izbori u Srbiji 20 godina Parties and Elections in Serbia 20 Years in Serbian Belgrade Friedrich Ebert Foundation ISBN 9788684031497 OCLC 951723578 Biondich Mark 2011 The Balkans Revolution War and Political Violence Since 1878 Oxford Oxford University Press p 180 ISBN 9780199299058 OCLC 718575569 a b c Bugajski Janusz 2019 2002 Political Parties of Eastern Europe A Guide to Politics in the Post Communist Era Abingdon Oxon Routledge p 582 ISBN 9781563246760 a b c d e f g h i j k Stojiljkovic Zoran Pilipovic Gordana Spasojevic Dusan 2013 Ne demokratsko redizajniranje politickih partija Srbije The Un Democratic Redesign of Serbia s Political Parties in Serbian Belgrade Konrad Adenauer Foundation ISBN 9788686661692 Velikic Dragan 2012 Izlet u pamet A trip to the mind Helsinska povelja in Serbian 163 14 CEEOL 240714 Demokratska stranka obelezila 28 godina postojanja Democratic Party celebrates 28 years of existence in Serbian Novinska agencija Beta 3 February 2018 Archived from the original on 18 January 2023 Retrieved 18 January 2023 Osnivaci Demokratske stranke Founders of the Democratic Party Politika in Serbian 22 March 2008 Archived from the original on 18 January 2023 Retrieved 18 January 2023 a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q Rascepi i ujedinjenja u Demokratskoj stranci Splits and mergers in the Democratic Party Vreme in Serbian 12 July 2012 Archived from the original on 20 January 2023 Retrieved 20 January 2023 DeRouen Karl R Heo Uk 2007 Civil Wars of the World Major Conflicts Since World War II Santa Barbara California ABC CLIO p 312 ISBN 9781851099191 OCLC 76864224 a b c Tri lidera na jednom putu Three leaders on one road NIN in Serbian 10 February 2010 Archived from the original on 20 January 2023 Retrieved 20 January 2023 Sotirovic Vladislav B 2010 The Multiparty Elections in Serbia in 1990 Politikos mokslu almanachas 6 9 ISSN 1822 9212 Paukovic Davor 22 December 2008 Posljednji kongres Saveza komunista Jugoslavije uzroci tijek i posljedice raspada Last Congress of the League of Communists of Yugoslavia Causes Consequences and Course of Dissolution Suvremene Teme in Serbian 1 1 29 ISSN 1849 2428 Zlojutro Darko 12 December 2019 Njih 13 obnovilo je rad Demokratske stranke i sebi potpisalo smrtnu presudu Mnogi su pobegli iz DS u druge tabore 13 of them renewed the Democratic Party and signed themselves a death sentence Many fled from DS to other political camps Espreso in Serbian Archived from the original on 20 January 2023 Retrieved 20 January 2023 a b c d e f g h i j k l m n Thomas Robert 1999 Serbia Under Milosevic Politics in the 1990s London Hurst amp Co Publishers ISBN 1850653410 OCLC 41355127 a b c d e Vukadinovic Đorđe 16 January 2002 Covek na mestu ili konac delo krasi A man in a place or a thread adorns the work Vreme in Serbian Archived from the original on 21 January 2023 Retrieved 21 January 2023 a b c d e Miladinovic Veljko Teleskovic Dusan 3 February 2020 30 godina od obnove Demokratske stranke Od intelektualne elite preko zutog preduzeca do velike neizvesnosti 30 years since the restoration of the Democratic Party From the intellectual elite to the yellow company to great uncertainty Nedeljnik in Serbian Archived from the original on 22 September 2022 Retrieved 20 January 2023 Popovic Srđa Milivojevic Andrej Đinovic Slobodan 2007 Nenasilna borba u 50 tacaka strateski pristup svakodnevnoj taktici Nonviolent Struggle in 50 Points A Strategic Approach to Everyday Tactics PDF in Serbian Belgrade Samizdat B92 p 174 ISBN 9788690899708 Archived PDF from the original on 2 February 2023 Retrieved 20 January 2023 Demokratska omladina danas proslavlja svoj trideseti rođendan Democratic Youth celebrates its thirtieth birthday today Danas in Serbian 12 May 2020 Archived from the original on 20 January 2023 Retrieved 20 January 2023 a b c d e f Devet godina Demokratske stranke Nine years of the Democratic Party Vreme in Serbian 13 February 1999 Archived from the original on 20 January 2023 Retrieved 20 January 2023 a b c d e f g h i j k l m Tomic N 17 December 2010 Sve skupstine demokrata All assemblies of the Democrats Danas in Serbian Archived from the original on 20 January 2023 Retrieved 20 January 2023 Kojic Nikola 10 February 2020 Izbori 1990 Rekordna izlaznost glumacki okrsaj i istorijska pobeda socijalista 1990 election Record turnout acting battle and historic victory of the Socialists N1 in Serbian Archived from the original on 11 January 2023 Retrieved 5 January 2023 Egeresi Zoltan 2020 Serbia Belated Democratisation In Duro Jozsef Egeresi Zoltan eds Political History of the Balkans 1989 2018 PDF Budapest Dialog Campus p 142 ISBN 9789635311613 OCLC 1292456936 Archived PDF from the original on 11 January 2023 Retrieved 5 January 2023 Miladinovic Aleksandar 9 March 2021 Tri decenije protesta Devetog marta u Beogradu Dan sa vise suza nego suzavca Three decades since the March 9 protests in Belgrade A day with more tears than tear gas BBC News in Serbian Archived from the original on 20 January 2023 Retrieved 20 January 2023 a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v Goati Vladimir 2001 Izbori u SRJ od 1990 do 1998 volja građana ili izborna manipulacija Elections in the FRY from 1990 to 1998 the will of the citizens or electoral manipulation PDF in Serbian 2nd ed Belgrade CeSID OCLC 499043191 Archived PDF from the original on 29 April 2021 Retrieved 5 January 2023 Tri decenije od prvih velikih demonstracija protiv vladavine Slobodana Milosevica Three decades since the first large demonstrations against the rule of Slobodan Milosevic Radio Television of Serbia in Serbian 9 March 2021 Retrieved 18 August 2023 What Is the former Yugoslavia International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia Archived from the original on 5 January 2023 Retrieved 5 January 2023 de Casadevante Romani Carlos Fernandez 2022 There Is No Right to Succession in the Membership of International Organizations as a Result of Secession In Fernandez De Casadevante Romani Carlos Fernandez ed Legal Implications of Territorial Secession in Spain Springer p 307 doi 10 1007 978 3 031 04609 4 ISBN 9783031046094 S2CID 252658164 a b c d Nohlen Dieter Stover Philip 2010 Elections in Europe A Data Handbook Baden Baden Nomos ISBN 9783832956097 OCLC 631695067 U dve reci In two words Danas in Serbian 26 July 2007 Retrieved 22 May 2023 Ljuboja Branko 17 May 2007 Toliko o doslednosti So much for consistency Vreme in Serbian Retrieved 22 May 2023 Demokratska stranka Srbije Democratic Party of Serbia B92 in Serbian 13 March 2012 Archived from the original on 20 January 2023 Retrieved 20 January 2023 Izbori 1992 1992 elections Vreme in Serbian 29 April 2008 Archived from the original on 20 January 2023 Retrieved 20 January 2023 Kojic Nikola 18 February 2020 Izbori 1992 Prvi Seseljev milion Arkan u parlamentu i manjinska vlada SPS 1992 elections Seselj s first million Arkan in the Parliament and a SPS minority government N1 in Serbian Archived from the original on 20 January 2023 Retrieved 20 January 2023 Predsednicki izbori 1992 godine 1992 presidential elections Vreme in Serbian 25 March 2017 Archived from the original on 20 January 2023 Retrieved 20 January 2023 a b Treci republicki izbori 1993 The third parliamentary election 1993 B92 in Serbian 8 March 2020 Archived from the original on 5 January 2023 Retrieved 21 January 2023 a b Drcelic Zora 14 March 2012 Kanabe nas je odrzalo Kanabe kept us going Vreme in Serbian Archived from the original on 21 January 2023 Retrieved 21 January 2023 Milosevic Milan 2000 Politicki vodic kroz Srbiju 2000 Political Guide to Serbia 2000 in Serbian Belgrade Medija centar p 70 ISBN 978 8682827139 a b c Kojic Nikola 25 February 2020 Izbori 1993 Radikal Vucic i demokrata Vesic kao studenti u Skupstini Srbije 1993 elections Radical Vucic and Democrat Vesic as students in the Serbian Parliament N1 in Serbian Archived from the original on 21 January 2023 Retrieved 21 January 2023 Izbori 1993 1993 elections Vreme in Serbian 29 April 2008 Archived from the original on 21 January 2023 Retrieved 21 January 2023 Parlamentarni izbori 1993 raspodela mandata 1993 parliamentary elections distribution of mandates B92 in Serbian Archived from the original on 21 January 2023 Retrieved 21 January 2023 Nikcevic Tamara 6 March 2013 O sukobu pomirenju i saradnji sa Zoranom Đinđicem About the conflict reconciliation and cooperation with Zoran Đinđic Vreme in Serbian Archived from the original on 21 January 2023 Retrieved 21 January 2023 a b Vukadinovic Đorđe 12 February 2010 Dvadeset godina DS a istorija i izazovi Twenty years of DS history and challenges Nova srpska politicka misao in Serbian Archived from the original on 24 July 2014 Retrieved 21 January 2023 Na danasnji dan 1996 godine posejana je klica pobede nad Slobodanom Milosevicem On this day in 1996 the seed of victory over Slobodan Milosevic was sown Direktno in Serbian 2 September 2019 Archived from the original on 21 January 2023 Retrieved 21 January 2023 Miladinovic Aleksandar 5 May 2018 Koliko su uspesna septembarska okupljanja opozicije How successful were the September gatherings of the opposition BBC News in Serbian Archived from the original on 21 September 2022 Retrieved 21 January 2023 a b Studenti su ozbiljno uzdrmali rezim Slobodana Milosevica Students seriously shook the regime of Slobodan Milosevic Danas in Serbian 17 November 2016 Archived from the original on 21 January 2023 Retrieved 21 January 2023 a b Kojic Nikola 3 March 2020 Izbori 1997 Bojkot dela opozicije Seselj i Vucic na vlasti sa socijalistima 1997 elections Opposition boycotts Seselj and Vucic in power with the Socialists N1 in Serbian Archived from the original on 21 January 2023 Retrieved 21 January 2023 Dedeic Sinisa 8 March 2020 Kako su bojkotovani izbori 1997 godine 1 deo How were the 1997 elections boycotted part 1 Istinomer in Serbian Archived from the original on 21 January 2023 Retrieved 21 January 2023 Dedeic Sinisa 10 March 2020 Kako su bojkotovani izbori 1997 godine 2 deo How were the 1997 elections boycotted part 2 Istinomer in Serbian Retrieved 22 May 2023 Antic Cedomir 5 April 2020 Zasto sam napustio DS stranka u vreme najvece pobede i jedno pitanje koje glasi A ti bi odbio Arkanov poziv Secanja Cedomira Antica na zutu stranku Why I left DS the party at the time of its greatest victory and one question that reads And you would refuse Arkan s invitation Memories of Cedomir Antic on the yellow party Nedeljnik in Serbian Archived from the original on 21 January 2023 Retrieved 21 January 2023 Grujic Dragoslav 11 January 2001 Lik i delo Cedomir Jovanovic Character and work Cedomir Jovanovic Vreme in Serbian Archived from the original on 21 January 2023 Retrieved 21 January 2023 a b c d e f Kojic Nikola 10 March 2020 Izbori 2000 Debakl Milosevica i Seselja Vuk ispod cenzusa DOS brojao do 176 2000 elections Debacle between Milosevic and Seselj Vuk under the threshold DOS counted up to 176 N1 in Serbian Archived from the original on 21 January 2023 Retrieved 21 January 2023 a b Vujic Predrag 24 September 2020 Dan kada je opozicija pobedila Slobodana Milosevica The day when the opposition defeated Slobodan Milosevic BBC News in Serbian Archived from the original on 6 January 2023 Retrieved 21 January 2023 Izbori za predsednika SRJ 24 septembar 2000 Elections for the President of the FRY 24 September 2000 Vreme in Serbian 27 March 2017 Archived from the original on 21 January 2023 Retrieved 21 January 2023 Nedovic Slobodanka 2001 Oko izbora 4 izvestaj sa parlamentarnih i predsednickih izbora u SRJ i pokrajinskih izbora u Vojvodini septembar oktobar 2000 Oko izbora 4 Report from the Parliamentary and Presidential elections in the FRY and the provincial elections in Vojvodina September October 2000 PDF in Serbian Belgrade CeSID p 64 OCLC 56212038 Archived PDF from the original on 6 January 2023 Retrieved 6 January 2023 Đinđic je na danasnji dan pre 21 godinu postao premijer Đinđic became prime minister on this day 21 years ago Direktno in Serbian 25 January 2022 Archived from the original on 21 January 2023 Retrieved 21 January 2023 Decenija od formiranja vlade Zorana Đinđica A decade since the formation of Zoran Đinđic s government Radio Television of Vojvodina in Serbian 25 January 2011 Archived from the original on 21 January 2023 Retrieved 21 January 2023 a b Dvadeset godina od formiranja vlade Zorana Đinđica Twenty years since the formation of Zoran Đinđic s government Danas in Serbian 25 January 2021 Archived from the original on 21 January 2023 Retrieved 21 January 2023 Smith R Jeffrey 29 June 2001 Serb Leaders Hand Over Milosevic For Trial by War Crimes Tribunal The Washington Post Archived from the original on 19 November 2022 Retrieved 21 January 2023 a b Nedovic Slobodanka 2002 Oko izbora 9 izvestaj sa predsednickih izbora u Republici Srbiji septembar oktobar 2002 Oko izbora 9 Report from the Presidential elections in the Republic of Serbia September October 2002 PDF in Serbian Belgrade CeSID OCLC 61325884 Archived PDF from the original on 11 January 2023 Retrieved 21 January 2023 Predsednicki izbori 2002 godine I 2002 presidential elections I Vreme in Serbian 25 March 2017 Archived from the original on 11 January 2023 Retrieved 21 January 2023 a b c d Kojic Nikola 15 May 2020 Izbori 2003 Raspad DOS Pirova pobeda Tome i Vucica i manjinska vlada Kostunice 2003 elections Dissolution of DOS pyrrhic victory of Toma and Vucic and Kostunica s minority government N1 in Serbian Archived from the original on 21 January 2023 Retrieved 21 January 2023 Nedovic Slobodanka 2002 Oko izbora 10 izvestaj sa ponovljenih predsednickih izbora u Srbiji 8 decembar 2002 godine Oko izbora 10 Report from the repeated Presidential elections in Serbia 8 December 2002 PDF in Serbian Belgrade CeSID Archived PDF from the original on 24 January 2022 Retrieved 21 January 2023 Predsednicki izbori 2002 godine II 2002 presidential elections II Vreme in Serbian 25 March 2017 Archived from the original on 21 January 2023 Retrieved 21 January 2023 Wood Nicholas 19 July 2004 Greeks Hold Man in Serb Killing The New York Times p A6 Archived from the original on 21 January 2023 Retrieved 21 January 2023 Vasic Milos 15 March 2012 Proslo Vreme Policija mafija i politika Ministar na sluzbenom odmoru In the past Police mafia and politics Minister on official vacation Vreme in Serbian Retrieved 22 May 2023 Zoran Đinđic u BBC programu HARDtalk manje od godinu pre ubistva Zoran Đinđic in the BBC programme HARDtalk less than a year before his murder BBC News in Serbian 10 March 2023 Retrieved 22 May 2023 Ubijen predsednik Vlade Srbije Zoran Đinđic Serbian Prime Minister Zoran Đinđic killed B92 in Serbian 12 March 2003 Archived from the original on 21 January 2023 Retrieved 21 January 2023 a b Tran Mark 12 March 2003 Serbian PM Shot Dead The Guardian Archived from the original on 13 December 2022 Retrieved 21 January 2023 a b Suspected Djindjic Assassin Arrested Deutsche Welle 25 March 2003 Archived from the original on 21 January 2023 Retrieved 21 January 2023 New Serbian Leader Pledges Further Reforms Deutsche Welle 19 March 2003 Archived from the original on 21 January 2023 Retrieved 21 January 2023 a b Predsednicki izbori 2003 godine 2003 presidential elections Vreme in Serbian 25 March 2017 Archived from the original on 11 January 2023 Retrieved 21 January 2023 Nedovic Slobodanka 2003 Oko izbora 12 izvestaj sa ponovljenih predsednickih izbora u Republici Srbiji 16 novembar 2003 Oko izbora 12 report from the repeated Presidential elections in the Republic of Serbia 16 November 2003 PDF in Serbian Belgrade CeSID ISBN 9788683491278 OCLC 262616515 Archived PDF from the original on 20 January 2022 Retrieved 21 January 2023 a b c Lucic Zoran 2004 Oko izbora 13 izvestaj sa vanrednih parlamentarnih izbora u Republici Srbiji 28 decembar 2003 godine Oko izbora 13 report from the extraordinary parliamentary elections in the Republic of Serbia 28 December 2003 PDF in Serbian Belgrade CeSID published 21 January 2023 ISBN 9788683491285 OCLC 262616269 Archived PDF from the original on 21 January 2022 Retrieved 21 January 2023 Zivanovic Igor Tosovic Ivana 11 November 2008 Vođe pobune otisle u politiku biznis ili anonimnost The leaders of the rebellion went into politics business or anonymity Danas in Serbian Archived from the original on 26 January 2023 Retrieved 26 January 2023 a b Predsednicki izbori 2004 godine 2004 presidential elections Vreme in Serbian 25 March 2017 Archived from the original on 6 January 2023 Retrieved 21 January 2023 Organization for Security and Co operation in Europe Office for Democratic Institutions and Human Rights 22 September 2004 Republic of Serbia Serbia and Montenegro Presidential Election 13 and 27 June 2004 OSCE ODIHR Election Observation Mission Final Report PDF Report Warsaw Archived PDF from the original on 1 February 2023 Retrieved 20 May 2023 a b Serbs Face Clear Choice in Presidential Polls Deutsche Welle 28 June 2004 Archived from the original on 21 January 2023 Retrieved 21 January 2023 Serb Leader Apologises in Bosnia BBC News 6 December 2004 Archived from the original on 12 October 2021 Retrieved 21 January 2023 Tadic se izvinio građanima Hrvatske Tadic apologises to the citizens of Croatia B92 in Serbian 24 June 2007 Archived from the original on 21 January 2023 Retrieved 21 January 2023 Pro Western Tadic Wins New Term in Serbia Runoff CNN 3 February 2008 Archived from the original on 21 January 2023 Retrieved 21 January 2023 a b c Kojic Nikola 22 May 2020 Izbori 2007 SRS ponovo pobedio ali vladu formirali Tadic Kostunica i Dinkic 2007 elections SRS won again but the government was formed by Tadic Kostunica and Dinkic N1 in Serbian Archived from the original on 21 January 2023 Retrieved 21 January 2023 a b c d e f Mihailovic Srecko 2007 Oko izbora 15 parlamentarni izbori u Republici Srbiji 21 januara 2007 Oko izbora 15 Parliamentary elections in the Republic of Serbia 21 January 2007 PDF in Serbian Belgrade CeSID ISBN 9788683491438 OCLC 262615553 Archived PDF from the original on 20 January 2022 Retrieved 21 January 2023 Milosevic Milan 15 November 2006 Duga vrela zima A long hot winter Vreme in Serbian Archived from the original on 24 January 2023 Retrieved 24 January 2023 Izbori 2007 2007 election Vreme in Serbian 29 April 2008 Archived from the original on 24 January 2023 Retrieved 24 January 2023 Predsednicki izbori 20 januara Presidential elections on 20 January Danas in Serbian 13 December 2007 Archived from the original on 25 January 2023 Retrieved 25 January 2023 a b c Mihailovic Srecko 2008 Oko izbora 16 predsednicki izbori 20 januara i 3 februara 2008 godine Oko izbora 16 Presidential elections on 20 January and 3 February 2008 PDF in Serbian Belgrade CeSID ISBN 9788683491469 OCLC 823319307 Archived PDF from the original on 21 January 2022 Retrieved 25 January 2023 Predsednicki izbori 2008 godine 2008 presidential elections Vreme in Serbian 25 March 2017 Archived from the original on 6 January 2023 Retrieved 25 January 2023 Proglasena nezavisnost Independence has been proclaimed Radio Free Europe in Serbian 17 February 2008 Archived from the original on 25 January 2023 Retrieved 25 January 2023 a b c Kojic Nikola 27 May 2020 Izbori 2008 DS ispred SRS Dacic izabrao Tadica i ostavio Kostunicu bez vlasti 2008 elections DS ahead of SRS Dacic chose Tadic and left Kostunica without power N1 in Serbian Archived from the original on 25 January 2023 Retrieved 25 January 2023 FACTBOX Serbia s Kostunica Western ally turned adversary Reuters 8 March 2008 Retrieved 22 May 2023 Cvetkovic Ljudmila 25 September 2007 Kostunica Kosovo i SAD Kostunica Kosovo and USA Radio Free Europe in Serbian Retrieved 22 May 2023 Tran Mark 15 February 2008 Kostunica the main loser over Kosovo The Guardian ISSN 0261 3077 Retrieved 22 May 2023 a b Bilefsky Dan 9 March 2008 Serbian Elections Loom as President and Prime Minister Spar The New York Times Archived from the original on 25 January 2023 Retrieved 25 January 2023 Stratton Allegra 13 March 2008 Serbian President Dissolves Parliament The Guardian Archived from the original on 25 January 2023 Retrieved 25 January 2023 a b c d e Mihailovic Srecko 2008 Oko izbora 17 parlamentni izbori u Srbiji 11 maj 2008 godine Oko izbora 17 Parliamentary elections in Serbia 11 May 2008 PDF in Serbian Belgrade CeSID ISBN 9788683491476 OCLC 643900495 Archived PDF from the original on 21 January 2022 Retrieved 25 January 2023 Izbori 2008 2008 elections Vreme in Serbian 23 May 2008 Archived from the original on 6 January 2023 Retrieved 25 January 2023 a b c d e Kojic Nikola 5 June 2020 Izbori 2012 Poraz Tadica i DS Dacicev preokret i dolazak SNS na vlast 2012 elections Defeat of Tadic and DS Dacic s turnaround and SNS coming to power N1 in Serbian Archived from the original on 21 January 2023 Retrieved 25 January 2023 Mirko Cvetkovic Istinomer in Serbian Archived from the original on 21 June 2020 Retrieved 25 January 2023 a b c d e Vukovic Đorđe 2012 Oko izbora 18 predsednicki i parlamentarni izbori maj 2012 Oko izbora 18 May 2012 presidential and parliamentary elections PDF in Serbian Belgrade CeSID Archived PDF from the original on 23 September 2021 Retrieved 6 January 2023 Vasovic Aleksandar 5 February 2011 Serbia holds biggest opposition protest in years Reuters Archived from the original on 2 December 2021 Retrieved 25 January 2023 Report Elections to be held in spring 2012 B92 29 June 2011 Archived from the original on 30 November 2022 Retrieved 25 January 2023 Raspisani parlamentarni izbori Parliamentary elections have been called Radio Television of Serbia in Serbian 13 March 2012 Archived from the original on 25 January 2023 Retrieved 25 January 2023 Tadic odlucio da skrati mandat Tadic decided to shorten his mandate Danas in Serbian 4 April 2012 Archived from the original on 25 January 2023 Retrieved 25 January 2023 Clanice koalicije Izbor za bolji zivot Members of the Choice for a Better Life coalition Istinomer in Serbian Archived from the original on 25 April 2012 Retrieved 25 January 2023 SNS najjaci u Skupstini Nikolic i Tadic u drugom krugu Đilas vodi u Beogradu SNS the strongest in the Assembly Nikolic and Tadic in the second round Đilas leads in Belgrade Radio Free Europe in Serbian 6 May 2012 Archived from the original on 10 June 2016 Retrieved 25 January 2023 Jankovic Marija 20 May 2022 Izbori koji su promenili sve Kako su naprednjaci 2012 preuzeli vlast u Srbiji Elections that changed everything How Progressives took power in Serbia in 2012 BBC News in Serbian Archived from the original on 7 January 2023 Retrieved 25 January 2023 Orlovic Slavisa 2012 Cupic Cedomir ed Izbori i formiranje Vlade u Srbiji 2012 Elections and formation of the government in Serbia in 2012 PDF in Serbian Belgrade Fakultet politickih nauka Centar za demokratiju p 110 ISBN 9788684031558 OCLC 880959865 Archived PDF from the original on 25 January 2023 Retrieved 25 January 2023 Krtinic M 13 June 2012 Dragan Đilas ponovo gradonacelnik Dragan Đilas is the mayor again Danas in Serbian Archived from the original on 25 January 2023 Retrieved 25 January 2023 Former Nationalist Ousts Tadic The Economist 21 May 2012 Archived from the original on 25 January 2023 Retrieved 25 January 2023 Đilas i Kuzmanovic kandidati za lidera DS a Đilas and Kuzmanovic are candidates for the leader of the DS Al Jazeera in Serbian 21 November 2012 Archived from the original on 25 January 2023 Retrieved 25 January 2023 Uskoro plan za izlazak iz krize A plan to get out of the crisis soon B92 in Serbian 25 November 2012 Archived from the original on 25 January 2023 Retrieved 25 January 2023 Đilas novi predsednik DS a Đilas is the new president of DS Radio Television of Serbia in Serbian 25 November 2012 Archived from the original on 25 January 2023 Retrieved 25 January 2023 Barlovac Bojana 26 November 2012 Belgrade Mayor Djilas Takes Over Helm of Democrats Balkan Insight Archived from the original on 25 January 2023 Retrieved 25 January 2023 a b Trivic Branka 17 December 2012 Zamislite da je Đinđic imao kiosk a kamoli medijsku agenciju Imagine if Đinđic had a kiosk let alone a media agency Radio Free Europe in Serbian Archived from the original on 25 January 2023 Retrieved 25 January 2023 Petrovic Ivica 5 November 2012 Odlazak Tadica u politicku penziju Tadic s political retirement Deutsche Welle in Serbian Archived from the original on 25 January 2023 Retrieved 25 January 2023 Osnovana Nova stranka The New Party was founded Radio televizija Srbije in Serbian 7 April 2013 Archived from the original on 25 January 2023 Retrieved 25 January 2023 a b Đilas Jedna stranka jedna politika Đilas One party one policy B92 in Serbian 27 December 2012 Archived from the original on 25 January 2023 Retrieved 25 January 2023 Necu da vratim mandat I will not return the mandate B92 in Serbian 11 December 2012 Archived from the original on 25 January 2023 Retrieved 25 January 2023 DS Petrovic i jos troje iskljuceni DS Petrovic and three others expelled B92 in Serbian 31 January 2013 Archived from the original on 25 January 2023 Retrieved 25 January 2023 Zajedno za Srbiju novi poslanicki klub Together for Serbia a new parliamentary group Radio Television of Serbia in Serbian 25 February 2013 Archived from the original on 25 January 2023 Retrieved 25 January 2023 Zajedno za Srbiju postaje stranaka Together for Serbia becomes a political party Radio Television of Serbia in Serbian 20 October 2013 Archived from the original on 25 January 2023 Retrieved 25 January 2023 I Vuk Jeremic iskljucen iz DS a And Vuk Jeremic has been expelled from DS B92 in Serbian 14 February 2013 Archived from the original on 25 January 2023 Retrieved 25 January 2023 Odluka DS o mandatima krsi Ustav DS decision on mandates violates the Constitution B92 in Serbian 19 February 2013 Archived from the original on 23 January 2023 Retrieved 25 January 2023 USS nenadlezan za mandat Jeremica Constitutional Court of Serbia has no jurisdiction over Jeremic s mandate B92 in Serbian 23 April 2013 Archived from the original on 23 January 2023 Retrieved 25 January 2023 SNS na istorijskom maksimumu 41 SNS at historical maximum 41 B92 in Serbian 27 February 2013 Archived from the original on 25 October 2022 Retrieved 25 January 2023 Đilas smenjen sa mesta gradonacelnika Đilas dismissed from the post of mayor Radio Television of Serbia in Serbian 24 September 2013 Archived from the original on 25 January 2023 Retrieved 25 January 2023 Glavonjic Zoran 24 September 2013 Gradonacelnik Beograda Đilas smenjen optuzuje Vucica za koncentraciju vlasti Mayor of Belgrade Đilas dismissed accuses Vucic of concentration of power Radio Free Europe in Serbian Archived from the original on 25 January 2023 Retrieved 25 January 2023 Petrovic Ivica 26 September 2013 Smjena Đilasa uvod u diktaturu u Srbiji The removal of Đilas an introduction to dictatorship in Serbia Deutsche Welle in Croatian Archived from the original on 25 January 2023 Retrieved 25 January 2023 a b Mihajlovic Branka 13 January 2014 Demokratska stranka na udaru Tadica i Đilasa The Democratic Party under attack from Tadic and Đilas Radio Free Europe in Serbian Archived from the original on 25 January 2023 Retrieved 25 January 2023 Đilas ostaje na celu DS Đilas remains head of DS B92 in Serbian 19 January 2014 Archived from the original on 25 January 2023 Retrieved 25 January 2023 a b Serbia s Democrats Reaffirm Djilas as Leader Balkan Insight 20 January 2014 Archived from the original on 25 January 2023 Retrieved 25 January 2023 Boris Tadic izasao iz DS Boris Tadic leaves DS B92 in Serbian 30 January 2014 Archived from the original on 25 January 2023 Retrieved 25 January 2023 Boris Tadic Quits Serbia s Democratic Party Balkan Insight 30 January 2014 Archived from the original on 25 January 2023 Retrieved 25 January 2023 Tadic od sutra prikuplja potpise Tadic is collecting signatures from tomorrow B92 in Serbian 4 February 2014 Archived from the original on 25 January 2023 Retrieved 25 January 2023 Former President s Party Changes Name B92 7 October 2014 Archived from the original on 25 January 2023 Retrieved 25 January 2023 Nek su nam srecni novi izbori Good luck with the new elections B92 in Serbian 29 January 2014 Archived from the original on 2 December 2021 Retrieved 25 January 2023 Democrats Announce Coalition for March Elections B92 6 February 2014 Archived from the original on 25 January 2023 Retrieved 25 January 2023 Formirana koalicija Sa DS za demokratsku Srbiju With DS for a Democratic Serbia coalition has been formed Radio Television of Vojvodina in Serbian 7 February 2014 Archived from the original on 25 January 2023 Retrieved 25 January 2023 a b c d Klacar Bojan 2014 Oko izbora 19 parlamentarni izbori u Republici Srbiji 16 marta 2014 godine Oko izbora 19 Parliamentary elections in the Republic of Serbia on 16 March 2014 PDF in Serbian Belgrade CeSID ISBN 9788683491551 OCLC 1062285433 Archived PDF from the original on 20 January 2022 Retrieved 25 January 2023 Kandidati za poslanike 2014 3 2014 candidates for deputies 3 Vreme in Serbian 13 February 2014 Archived from the original on 25 January 2023 Retrieved 25 January 2023 Konacni rezultati izbora za Beograd Final election results for Belgrade Radio Television of Serbia in Serbian 17 March 2014 Archived from the original on 27 April 2016 Retrieved 25 January 2023 Pajtic ipak ide protiv Đilasa Pajtic still going against Đilas B92 in Serbian 6 May 2014 Archived from the original on 25 January 2023 Retrieved 25 January 2023 DS bira novog predsjednika Đilas ili Pajtic DS elects a new president Đilas or Pajtic Vijesti in Serbian 31 May 2014 Archived from the original on 25 January 2023 Retrieved 25 January 2023 Bojan Pajtic novi predsednik DS Bojan Pajtic is the new president of DS B92 in Serbian 31 May 2014 Archived from the original on 25 January 2023 Retrieved 25 January 2023 Pancic Teofil 2 June 2014 Bojan Pajtic ili poslednja sansa za DS Bojan Pajtic or the last chance for DS Radio Free Europe in Serbian Archived from the original on 25 January 2023 Retrieved 25 January 2023 a b c Kojic Nikola 17 June 2020 Izbori 2016 Bitka za cenzus povratak Seselja i Vucicev drugi mandat 2016 elections The battle for the threshold the return of Seselj and Vucic s second term N1 in Serbian Archived from the original on 26 January 2023 Retrieved 26 January 2023 Valtner Lidija 30 June 2016 Đilas se isclanio iz Demokratske stranke Đilas disaffiliated from the Democratic Party Danas in Serbian Archived from the original on 24 November 2021 Retrieved 25 January 2023 Gedosevic L 10 December 2015 Borko Stefanovic napustio DS Sve najbolje im zelim Borko Stefanovic left DS I wish them all the best Blic in Serbian Archived from the original on 27 October 2021 Retrieved 25 January 2023 Nikolic raspisao izbore Zelim da pobedi SNS Nikolic calls the elections I want SNS to win B92 in Serbian 4 March 2016 Archived from the original on 2 December 2021 Retrieved 25 January 2023 Izborni rezultat 2016 2016 election results Vreme in Serbian 28 April 2016 Archived from the original on 25 September 2022 Retrieved 26 January 2023 a b c Klacar Bojan 2018 Oko izbora 20 parlamentarni izbori 24 aprila 2016 godine i predsednicki izbori 2 aprila 2017 godine u Republici Srbiji Oko izbora 20 parliamentary elections on 24 April 2016 and presidential elections on 2 April 2017 in the Republic of Serbia PDF in Serbian Belgrade CeSID Archived PDF from the original on 26 October 2019 Retrieved 26 January 2023 Poslanicka grupa Demokratska stranka Democratic Party parliamentary group Otvoreni Parlament in Serbian Archived from the original on 29 November 2022 Retrieved 26 January 2023 Valtner Lidija 7 September 2016 Realan drugi krug izbora u DS A second round of elections in DS is realistic Danas in Serbian Archived from the original on 26 January 2023 Retrieved 26 January 2023 Novi lider demokrata Dragan Sutanovac obecao da DS ostaje jedan tim The new leader of the Democrats Dragan Sutanovac promises that DS would remain one team Danas in Serbian 24 September 2016 Archived from the original on 26 January 2023 Retrieved 26 January 2023 Srbija Dragan Sutanovac novi lider Demokratske stranke Serbia Dragan Sutanovac is the new leader of the Democratic Party Vijesti in Serbian 24 September 2016 Archived from the original on 26 January 2023 Retrieved 26 January 2023 Dragan Sutanovac izabran za novog predsednika DS Dragan Sutanovac has been elected as the new president of the DS Autonomija in Serbian 24 September 2016 Archived from the original on 26 January 2023 Retrieved 26 January 2023 Ciric S 15 January 2017 Podrska demokrata Jankovicu Democrats support for Jankovic Politika in Serbian Archived from the original on 26 January 2023 Retrieved 26 January 2023 Mihajlovic Branka Martinovic Iva 19 February 2017 Sasa Jankovic Vraticemo otetu drzavu Sasa Jankovic We will return the stolen state Radio Free Europe in Serbian Archived from the original on 26 January 2023 Retrieved 26 January 2023 DS Okupiti se oko Jankovica DS Gather around Jankovic Radio Television of Vojvodina in Serbian 17 February 2017 Archived from the original on 26 January 2023 Retrieved 26 January 2023 RIK rezultati izbora RIK s election results N1 in Serbian 18 April 2017 Archived from the original on 26 January 2023 Retrieved 26 January 2023 Nesic Milan 21 May 2017 Osnovan Pokret Slobodni građani Srbije Sase Jankovica Movement Free Citizens of Serbia of Sasa Jankovic has been formed Radio Free Europe in Serbian Archived from the original on 26 January 2023 Retrieved 26 January 2023 DS zeli da opozicija zajedno izađe na izbore u Beogradu DS wants the opposition to go to the elections in Belgrade together N1 in Serbian 7 June 2017 Archived from the original on 26 January 2023 Retrieved 26 January 2023 DS i Nova stranka zajedno na beogradskim izborima DS and the New Party together in the Belgrade elections in Serbian Novinska agencija Beta 29 December 2017 Archived from the original on 2 February 2023 Retrieved 26 January 2023 Mihajlovic Branka 18 January 2018 DS sabiranje posle rasula DS gathering after scattering Radio Free Europe in Serbian Archived from the original on 26 January 2023 Retrieved 26 January 2023 Beograd do sada proglaseno sest izbornih lista Belgrade six election lists have been announced so far Radio Television of Serbia in Serbian 18 January 2018 Archived from the original on 26 January 2023 Retrieved 26 January 2023 Konacni rezultati beogradskih izbora 2018 Final results of the 2018 Belgrade elections N1 in Serbian 5 March 2018 Archived from the original on 12 January 2023 Retrieved 26 January 2023 Pobeda SNS a u Beogradu jos tri liste presle cenzus Victory of SNS in Belgrade three more lists passed the threshold Radio Free Europe in Serbian 4 March 2018 Archived from the original on 12 January 2023 Retrieved 26 January 2023 Balsa Bozovic podneo ostavku na mesto sefa beogradskog odbora DS Balsa Bozovic resigned from the position as head of the Belgrade DS branch N1 in Serbian 7 March 2018 Archived from the original on 26 January 2023 Retrieved 26 January 2023 Sutanovac podnio ostavku ali ostaje u DS u Sutanovac resigns but remains in DS Vijesti in Serbian 11 March 2018 Archived from the original on 26 January 2023 Retrieved 26 January 2023 Demokratska stranka novo rukovodstvo bira 2 juna Democratic Party to elect a new leadership on 2 June Radio Television of Serbia in Serbian 5 April 2018 Archived from the original on 26 January 2023 Retrieved 26 January 2023 Demokratska stranka bira novog predsednika Democratic Party to elect a new president Radio Free Europe in Serbian 2 June 2018 Archived from the original on 26 January 2023 Retrieved 26 January 2023 a b c Stetin Lakic Jovana 2 June 2018 Zoran Lutovac novi predsednik Demokratske stranke Zoran Lutovac is the new president of the Democratic Party N1 in Serbian Archived from the original on 26 January 2023 Retrieved 26 January 2023 Zoran Lutovac novi lider DS Zoran Lutovac is the new leader of DS B92 in Serbian 2 June 2018 Archived from the original on 26 January 2023 Retrieved 26 January 2023 Rudic Filip 5 June 2018 New Serbian Opposition Leader Fuels Talk of United Front Balkan Insight Archived from the original on 26 January 2023 Retrieved 26 January 2023 Popovic A 2 September 2018 U Beogradu i zvanicno formiran Savez za Srbiju Alliance for Serbia officially formed in Belgrade Danas in Serbian Archived from the original on 26 January 2023 Retrieved 26 January 2023 Miladinovic Aleksandar 27 July 2018 Sta je vaznije na izborima principi ili ljudi What is more important in elections principles or people BBC News in Serbian Archived from the original on 22 September 2022 Retrieved 26 January 2023 Ko je u DS protiv Saveza za Srbiju Who in the DS is against the Alliance for Serbia N1 in Serbian 3 September 2018 Archived from the original on 26 January 2023 Retrieved 26 January 2023 Arbutina Zoran 27 November 2018 Serbia s Opposition Crackdown Deutsche Welle Archived from the original on 12 January 2023 Retrieved 12 January 2023 Serbia Thousands Rally in Fourth Week of Anti government Protests The Guardian 30 December 2018 Archived from the original on 20 October 2022 Retrieved 12 January 2023 Predsednistvo DS Demokrate napustaju Skupstinu Srbije Vojvodine Beograda DS Presidency Democrats are leaving the Parliament of Serbia Vojvodina and Belgrade N1 in Serbian 30 January 2019 Archived from the original on 26 January 2023 Retrieved 26 January 2023 Glavonjic Zoran 11 February 2019 Za i protiv bojkota rada Skupstine Srbije For and against the boycott of the work of the Assembly of Serbia Radio Free Europe in Serbian Archived from the original on 12 January 2023 Retrieved 26 January 2023 Opozicija u Srbiji dogovorila Sporazum sa narodom The opposition in Serbia agreed on the Agreement With the People Radio Free Europe in Serbian 6 February 2019 Archived from the original on 6 February 2019 Retrieved 26 January 2023 Stankovic Stefan 28 February 2019 Tadic i Lutovac o ujedinjenju DS Da se suprotstavimo cudovistu stranci Tadic and Lutovac on the unification of DS Let s oppose the monster party N1 in Serbian Archived from the original on 26 January 2023 Retrieved 26 January 2023 Petrovic Ivica 3 March 2019 Kome jos treba Demokratska stranka Who still needs the Democratic Party Deutsche Welle in Serbian Archived from the original on 26 January 2023 Retrieved 26 January 2023 Glavni odbor Demokratske stranke podrzao ujedinjenje The main committee of the Democratic Party supports the unification N1 in Serbian 3 March 2019 Archived from the original on 26 January 2023 Retrieved 26 January 2023 Mlađenovic Dusan 23 March 2019 Tadicev SDS doneo odluku o integraciji sa DS om i Zajedno za Srbiju Tadic s SDS made the decision on integration with DS and Together for Serbia N1 in Serbian Archived from the original on 26 January 2023 Retrieved 26 January 2023 Zelenovic Do ujedinjenja u jednu stranku potrebno vreme do tada kao unija Zelenovic It will take time to unify into one party until then as a union N1 in Serbian 4 March 2019 Archived from the original on 26 January 2023 Retrieved 26 January 2023 Tatalovic Zaklina 19 May 2019 DS ZZS i SDS se ujedinile u jedinstvenu Demokratsku stranku DS ZZS and SDS unite into the United Democratic Party N1 in Serbian Archived from the original on 26 January 2023 Retrieved 26 January 2023 Milovancevic Vojislav 11 August 2020 Saznajemo Ujedinjenje DS cim popusti korona We find out Unification of DS as soon as the corona subsides Nova in Serbian Archived from the original on 26 January 2023 Retrieved 26 January 2023 Dobrilovic Jasmina 30 April 2020 Tadic gradi poziciju za predsednickog kandidata velike DS Tadic is building a position for the presidential candidate for the United DS Nova in Serbian Archived from the original on 26 January 2023 Retrieved 26 January 2023 SDS Lutovac jednostrano prekinuo proces ujedinjenja DS SDS i Zajedno za Srbiju SDS Lutovac unilaterally interrupted the unification process of DS SDS and Together for Serbia Insajder in Serbian 4 August 2020 Archived from the original on 26 January 2023 Retrieved 26 January 2023 Savez za Srbiju bojkotuje izbore Alliance for Serbia is boycotting the elections Politika in Serbian 16 September 2019 Archived from the original on 13 January 2023 Retrieved 26 January 2023 DS SDS i Zajedno za Srbiju za bojkot izbora DS SDS and Together for Serbia to boycott the elections Radio Television of Vojvodina in Serbian 14 September 2019 Archived from the original on 26 January 2023 Retrieved 26 January 2023 Sutanovac Neki funkcioneri DS ce organizovati grupe građana za izbore Sutanovac Some DS officials will organise citizens groups for the elections N1 in Serbian 27 October 2019 Archived from the original on 26 January 2023 Retrieved 26 January 2023 Micunovic Bojkot izbora je besmislen Micunovic Boycotting the elections is pointless B92 in Serbian 19 January 2020 Archived from the original on 26 January 2023 Retrieved 26 January 2023 Vucenic Danica 30 October 2019 Sutanovac Brine me sta ce biti sa DS posle bojkota Sutanovac I am worried about what will happen to DS after the boycott Istinomer in Serbian Archived from the original on 26 January 2023 Retrieved 26 January 2023 Deo demokrata napustio sednicu Glavnog odbora stranke Part of the Democrats left the session of the Main Board N1 in Serbian 30 November 2019 Archived from the original on 26 January 2023 Retrieved 26 January 2023 a b Lutovac Na Glavnom odboru se desio pokusaj puca Lutovac There was an attempted coup at the Main Board Blic in Serbian 3 December 2019 Archived from the original on 24 June 2020 Retrieved 22 June 2020 Lutovac Vucic uporno pokusava da razbije Demokratsku stranku Lutovac Vucic is persistently trying to break up the Democratic Party N1 in Serbian 1 December 2019 Archived from the original on 27 January 2023 Retrieved 26 January 2023 Lutovac Postoji grupa koja pokusava da okrene DS otvorenoj saradnji sa Vucicem Lutovac There is a group that is trying to turn DS to open cooperation with Vucic N1 in Serbian 21 May 2020 Archived from the original on 26 January 2023 Retrieved 26 January 2023 Comic obavestena da je izbrisana iz clanstva u DS Comic was informed that she was deleted from the membership in DS Politika in Serbian 15 May 2020 Archived from the original on 26 January 2023 Retrieved 26 January 2023 Predstavljena koalicija Ujedinjena demokratska Srbija na listi i Gordana Comic The United Democratic Serbia coalition has been presented Gordana Comic is also on the list N1 in Serbian 9 March 2020 Archived from the original on 26 January 2023 Retrieved 26 January 2023 Nesic Nenad 26 October 2020 Među nestranackim kadrovima i oni koji to nisu za fotelju hvala predsedniku Among non party cadres and those who are not for the chair thank you to the president N1 in Serbian Archived from the original on 26 January 2023 Retrieved 26 January 2023 Otkazan Glavni odbor Demokratske stranke Main Board of the Democratic Party has been cancelled N1 in Serbian 12 March 2020 Archived from the original on 26 January 2023 Retrieved 26 January 2023 Politika Sednica Glavnog odbora DS zakazana za 21 jun Politika Session of the Main Board of DS scheduled for 21 June N1 in Serbian 26 May 2020 Archived from the original on 26 January 2023 Retrieved 26 January 2023 Sukob demokrata pred sednicu Glavnog odbora Clash of Democrats before the session of the Main Board N1 in Serbian 21 June 2020 Archived from the original on 27 January 2023 Retrieved 26 January 2023 Gajic Petar 28 June 2020 Dva paralelna Glavna odbora DS a Optuzbe iskljucenja i ujedinjenja Two parallel Main Boards of DS Accusations exclusions and unifications N1 in Serbian Archived from the original on 26 January 2023 Retrieved 26 January 2023 Bozovic Lecic Milojicic i Milosavljevic iskljuceni iz Demokratske stranke Bozovic Lecic Milojicic and Milosavljevic expelled from the Democratic Party N1 in Serbian 31 August 2020 Archived from the original on 26 January 2023 Retrieved 26 January 2023 Deo DS a izabrao Lecica za predsednika s centrale stranke skinuta tabla Part of the DS elects Lecic as president board has been removed from party s headquarters N1 in Serbian 26 September 2020 Archived from the original on 26 January 2023 Retrieved 26 January 2023 Anđelic Bojana 22 February 2021 Saznajemo Odbacen zahtev Lecica da bude predsednik DS We learn Lecic s request to be president of DS was rejected Nova in Serbian Archived from the original on 22 February 2021 Retrieved 26 January 2023 Odrzan skup Demokrata Srbije na celu novog pokreta Branislav Lecic A meeting of Democrats of Serbia was held a new movement headed by Branislav Lecic Insajder in Serbian 28 February 2021 Archived from the original on 26 January 2023 Retrieved 26 January 2023 SDS nakon ujedinjenja sa Demokratama Srbije izabrala novo rukovodstvo SDS elects new leadership after unification with the Democrats of Serbia N1 in Serbian 9 February 2022 Archived from the original on 26 January 2023 Retrieved 26 January 2023 Valtner Lidija 29 June 2020 Savez za Srbiju vise ne postoji Alliance for Serbia does not exist anymore Danas in Serbian Archived from the original on 2 February 2022 Retrieved 26 January 2023 Formirana Udruzena opozicija Srbije United Opposition of Serbia formed Radio Free Europe in Serbian 10 August 2020 Archived from the original on 6 October 2020 Retrieved 26 January 2023 UOPS vise ne postoji UOPS does not exist anymore Radio Television of Vojvodina in Serbian 16 December 2020 Archived from the original on 2 July 2022 Retrieved 26 January 2023 Aleksic Udruzena opozicija Srbije vise ne funkcionise Aleksic United Opposition of Serbia does not function anymore Radio Television of Vojvodina in Serbian 21 January 2021 Archived from the original on 2 June 2021 Retrieved 26 January 2023 a b link, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

article

, read, download, free, free download, mp3, video, mp4, 3gp, jpg, jpeg, gif, png, picture, music, song, movie, book, game, games.