fbpx
Wikipedia

2018 North Korea–United States Singapore Summit

April 11, 2024

For the 2019 Trump–Kim summit, see 2019 North Korea–United States Hanoi Summit.
"Singapore summit" redirects here. For the 2015 summit between leaders of mainland China and Taiwan, see Ma–Xi meeting.

The 2018 North Korea–United States Singapore Summit, commonly known as the Singapore Summit, was a summit meeting between North Korean Chairman Kim Jong Un and U.S. President Donald Trump,[4] held at the Capella Hotel, Sentosa, Singapore, on June 12, 2018. It was the first-ever meeting between leaders of North Korea and the United States. They signed a joint statement, agreeing to security guarantees for North Korea, new peaceful relations, the denuclearization of the Korean Peninsula, recovery of soldiers' remains, and follow-up negotiations between high-level officials. Both leaders also met separately with Singaporean Prime Minister Lee Hsien Loong.[5]

2018 North Korea–United States Singapore Summit
Singapore Summit

Logo used by the United States[1]

Logo used by Singapore[2]
Kim Jong Un and Donald Trump shaking hands at the start of the summit
Host country Singapore
Date12 June 2018
09:00 SGT (01:00 UTC)
Venue(s)Capella Resort, Sentosa[3]
Participants Donald Trump
Kim Jong Un
Precedes2019 North Korea–United States Hanoi Summit
2018 North Korea–United States Singapore Summit
North Korean name
Chosŏn'gŭl조미 수뇌상봉
Hancha朝美 首腦相逢
Transcriptions
Revised RomanizationJomi sunoesangbong
McCune–ReischauerChomi sunoesangbong
South Korean name
Hangul북미 정상회담
Hanja北美 頂上會談
Transcriptions
Revised RomanizationBungmi jeongsanghoedam
McCune–ReischauerPungmi jŏngsanghoedam

Immediately following the summit, Trump announced that the U.S. military would discontinue "provocative" joint military exercises with South Korea, and stated that he wished to bring the U.S. soldiers back home at some point, but reinforced that it was not part of the Singapore equation.[6][7] On August 1, 2018, the U.S. Senate passed the military budget bill for 2019, forbidding funding the reduction of active United States Forces Korea personnel below 22,000; significant removal of US forces was considered a non-negotiable item in denuclearization talks with the North.[8]

After a period of heightened conflict that included North Korea successfully testing what it claimed was its first hydrogen bomb and the Hwasong-15 intercontinental ballistic missile (ICBM) in late 2017, tensions began to de-escalate after Kim Jong Un announced his desire to send athletes to the 2018 Winter Olympics being held in South Korea. During the games, Kim proposed talks with South Korea to plan an inter-Korean summit. On March 8, the South Korean delegation returned from the talks and traveled to the United States to deliver an invitation by Kim Jong Un to Donald Trump for a meeting. High-level exchanges between the two sides then took place, including a visit by then–CIA Director Mike Pompeo to Pyongyang and a visit by Kim Yong-chol, Vice Chairman of the Workers' Party of Korea, to the White House. Both sides threatened to cancel the summit after a round of joint military exercises by the U.S. and South Korea, with Trump even delivering a formal letter to Kim to call off the meeting; however, the two sides eventually agreed to meet.[9] A second meeting was held between Trump and Kim in February 2019 in Hanoi, Vietnam.

Background edit

See also: North Korea–United States relations
 
USS Carl Vinson carrier strike group and South Korean Navy vessels having a joint exercise on May 3, 2017

The Koreas have been divided since 1945. The Korean War of 1950–1953 ended with an armistice agreement but not a peace settlement. A sporadic conflict has continued with American troops remaining in the South as part of a mutual defense treaty. The North began building a nuclear reactor in 1963, and it began a nuclear weapons program in the 1980s. North Korea first committed to denuclearization in 1992 in the Joint Declaration of the Denuclearization of the Korean Peninsula. In a speech authored by David Frum, President George W. Bush referred to North Korea as part of an "axis of evil" during his 2002 State of the Union address,[10] but in the 2005 Joint Statement of the Fourth Round of the Six-Party Talks, North Korea reaffirmed the 1992 Joint Declaration and the goal of verifiable denuclearization of the Korean Peninsula. In 2008, North Korea voluntarily gave information on its nuclear program in exchange for sanction relief, and they were taken off the State Sponsors of Terrorism list. Despite this, nuclear inspectors were barred from surveying any North Korean weapons facilities.[11] The Obama administration had a policy of "strategic patience", in which perceived North Korean provocations would not be "rewarded" with presidential attention or the sending of high-level envoys but instead be punished with sanctions and greater military coordination with South Korea and Japan.[12] More nuclear tests were conducted in the succeeding years, and the 2010 bombardment of Yeonpyeong markedly raised tensions between North Korea and South Korea. The escalation of North Korea's nuclear program advanced particularly under the rule of Kim Jong Un, who became the leader in December 2011, after his father Kim Jong Il died.[10]

Donald Trump was elected US president in 2016 with a position of opposition to Barack Obama's policy of "strategic patience" towards North Korea. While advocating a tough stance, he also expressed openness to dialogue, saying he would be prepared to "eat a hamburger" with Kim. He put himself at odds with military allies, saying that it would be better if South Korea and Japan protect themselves. In return, a pro-North Korean website, DPRK Today, described him as a "wise politician".[13] The editorial suggested that Trump might make the slogan "Yankee go home" a reality.[14] In 2017, Moon Jae-in was elected President of South Korea with a promise to return to the Sunshine Policy of friendly relations with the North.[15]

 
Artist's conception of the Hwasong-15 on its mobile launch vehicle, depicted to scale

During a period of heightened tensions with the United States, North Korea successfully tested its first intercontinental ballistic missile (ICBM), named Hwasong-14, in July 2017.[16] In response to heightened North Korean rhetoric, Trump warned that any North Korean attack "will be met with fire, fury and frankly, power, the likes of which the world has never seen before". In response, North Korea announced that it was considering a missile test in which the missiles would land near the US territory of Guam.[17][18] North Korea tested what some sources argued may have been its first hydrogen bomb on September 3.[19] The test was internationally condemned, and further economic sanctions were put on North Korea.[20] The United States also added North Korea back to its State Sponsors of Terrorism list after nine years.[21] On November 28, North Korea launched the Hwasong-15, which, according to analysts, would be capable of reaching anywhere in the United States.[22] The United Nations responded by placing further sanctions on the country.[23] After North Korea claimed that the missile was capable of "carrying [a] super-heavy [nuclear] warhead and hitting the whole mainland of the U.S.", Kim Jong Un announced that they had "finally realized the great historic cause of completing the state nuclear force",[24] putting them in a position of strength to push the United States into talks.[25]

 
Moon Jae-in (standing, lower left) with the North Korean representatives (upper right) and U.S. Vice President Mike Pence (lower right) at the PyeongChang Olympics

In his New Year address of 2018, North Korean chairman Kim Jong Un celebrated completing the countries' nuclear capabilities and proposed talks for sending a delegation to the upcoming Winter Olympics in South Korea.[26] In January a false missile alert alarmed Hawaii.[27] The Seoul–Pyongyang hotline was reopened after almost two years.[28] North Korea sent an unprecedentedly high-authority delegation, headed by Kim Yo-jong, sister of Kim Jong Un, and Chairman of the Presidium of the Supreme People's Assembly Kim Yong-nam, and including performers like the Samjiyon Orchestra.[29] The delegation passed on an invitation to President Moon to visit North Korea.[29] The United States was represented by Vice President Mike Pence. After arriving late to a dinner hosted by President Moon, he was asked to greet the other dignitaries, but he shook hands with everyone except Kim Yong-nam and left early.[30][31][32] North and South Korean athletes marched together in the Olympics opening ceremony and fielded a united women's ice hockey team.[33]

Announcement edit

 
Chung Eui-yong (left), the South Korean national security chief, and Kim Jong-un meeting in Pyongyang on March 5, 2018. Kim is holding a letter from President Moon Jae-in arranging for direct peace talks.

On March 5, 2018, South Korea's special delegation agreed to hold the third inter-Korean summit at Inter-Korean Peace House in Panmunjom on April 27, 2018.[34] On March 6, after returning to South Korea, the national security adviser, Chung Eui-yong, and National Information Director Suh Hoon traveled to the United States on March 8 to report to Trump about the upcoming inter-Korean summit and relayed to President Trump the North Korean chairman Kim Jong Un's invitation.[35] Trump endorsed the North Korea–United States summit about an hour after receiving the report. The South Korean National Security Adviser (SKNS), Mr. Jeong briefed the public that the North Korea–United States summit would be held sometime in May 2018.[36]

 
ROK President Moon Jae-in and US President Donald Trump, November 2017

The White House announced that the UN Sanctions would remain in place until an agreement between the United States and North Korea is reached.[37] On March 6, Sarah Sanders said that the White House would need to see "concrete and verifiable steps" toward the denuclearization of North Korea before Trump would meet with Kim Jong Un. Later that day, an unidentified Trump official told The Wall Street Journal that Trump had still accepted Kim Jong Un's invitation.[38]

South Korea's national security adviser Chung Eui-yong visited China on March 12 to meet with the Chinese leader, Xi Jinping, of the foreign officials and report on the planned inter-Korean summit as well as the North Korea-United States summit and asked their advice.[39] Russia on March 14, 2018, for explaining North Korea and the United States Visit Summary, seeking guidance for upcoming 2018 inter-Korean summit.[40] National Information Director Suh Hoon visited Japan and had a consultation with Prime Minister Shinzō Abe including the foreign officials about the denuclearization and Permanent Peace on the Korean Peninsula.[41][42]

Preparations edit

Preparatory talks edit

South Korea's foreign ministry announced on March 18 that selected informal delegations from North Korea, South Korea, and the US would meet for denuclearization discussions in April in Vantaa, Finland. (This type of discussions, as held previously, had sometimes been referred to as track-2 talks.)[43] According to South Korea's Yonhap news, Choe Kang-il, a deputy director general for North American affairs at North Korea's foreign ministry, would also attend the event, which Yonhap termed "track-1.5 talks".[44]

Kim Jong-un's meeting with Xi Jinping edit

Main article: Kim–Xi meetings

North Korea's supreme leader Kim was in Beijing on March 25–28, 2018, arriving by special train for talks with China's paramount leader Xi Jinping, Kim's first known out-of-country excursion since taking power six years previously.[45] China stated that North Korea was "committed to denuclearization" and willing to hold a summit with the United States.[46][47] It was organized by the invitation of Xi. During the meeting between two leaders, Kim officially invited Xi to the North Korean capital Pyongyang when it was convenient in his schedule, and Xi accepted the invitation.[48] Xi urged Kim to strengthen the strategic and diplomatic future partnership between China and North Korea. Kim stressed to Xi that North Korea and China are communist countries and that there are many ways to cooperate in various aspects in the future.[49][50] Kim and Xi met again on May 7, 2018, in the city of Dalian, China.[51]

Announcement within North Korea edit

According to North Korea's state media Korean Central News Agency (KCNA), Kim led a meeting of the ruling Workers' Party of Korea's political bureau on April 9, 2018, where he spoke about the planned summit with Trump for the first time.[52]

Proposed conditions by North Korea edit

On April 11, North Korea presented five entreaties as conditions for the dismissal of their nuclear-capable ICBMs:

  1. Ensuring the United States and South Korea do not locate nuclear weapons strategic assets within the vicinity of the Korean Peninsula[53]
  2. Ceasing development or operation of strategic nuclear assets during USFK–ROK combined military training
  3. Ensuring the United States will not attack North Korea with conventional or nuclear weapons
  4. Converting the 1953 Korean Armistice Agreement into a peace treaty on the Korean Peninsula
  5. Establishing official diplomatic ties between North Korea and the United States.

Although North Korea was previously expected to request the withdrawal of United States Forces Korea (USFK) from South Korea, North Korea publicized they would embrace the continuous deployment of 25,000 USFK troops in South Korea as long as the security of North Korea is guaranteed.[54]

April 2018 inter-Korean summit edit

Main article: April 2018 inter-Korean summit
 
Kim and President of South Korea Moon Jae-in shake hands in greeting, in an initiating gesture for the April 2018 inter-Korean summit.

At an inter-Korean summit on April 27, 2018, held at the Peace House in Panmunjom, the leaders of North and South Korea agreed to formally end the Korean War before the end of the year and confirmed the goal of a nuclear-free Korean Peninsula through denuclearization.[55]

Release of the American detainees edit

 
President Donald J. Trump and First Lady Melania Trump welcome home three American returnees from North Korea.

On May 10, 2018, three Americans held by North Korea were released following negotiations between the Trump administration and the North Korean regime. Some have speculated that their release was part of an attempt of the regime to motivate the US to continue the negotiations and perhaps ease the pressure upon the North Koreans. Nevertheless, their release has managed to ease the tensions between the Trump administration and the North Korean regime, enabling both sides to proceed to further negotiations, possibly leading to the 2018 North Korea–United States summit.[56]

The three Americans Kim Dong Chul, Kim Sang-duk, and Kim Hak-song left North Korea accompanied by Secretary of State Mike Pompeo and were greeted by the president and the first lady upon their landing on US soil at Joint Base Andrews in Maryland.[56]

Tensions, cancellation, and reinstatement edit

 
A commemorative coin released on May 21 by the White House Communications Agency for the summit[57]
 
Letter sent to North Korean leader Kim Jong-un by US President Donald Trump informing Kim of the cancellation of the summit

American Vice President Mike Pence said on May 21, 2018, that "this will only end like the Libyan model ended if Kim Jong-un doesn't make a deal" to "dismantle his nuclear weapons program". Trump had made similar remarks on May 17, as he described that Libya's fate is "what will take place if we don't make a deal". These comments were in reference to the killing of Libyan leader Muammar Gaddafi after military intervention by Americans and Europeans in 2011.[58] After a NATO airstrike prevented Gaddafi's escape, the Libyan rebels captured, assaulted, sodomized,[59] and executed Gaddafi. However, Libya under Gaddafi had already in 2003 voluntarily ended its nuclear weapons program and complied with conditions set by Western powers.[60] As a result, North Korean vice foreign minister Choe Son-hui called Pence's remarks "ignorant and stupid" and threatened a "nuclear-to-nuclear showdown".[58][61][62]

Trump canceled the summit on May 24, 2018, via a letter to Chairman Kim, writing that "based on the tremendous anger and open hostility displayed in your most recent statement, I feel it is inappropriate, at this time, to have this long-planned meeting ... You talk about your nuclear capabilities, but ours are so massive and powerful that I pray to God they will never have to be used." Even though it was Trump who decided to cancel, Trump told Kim, "If you change your mind having to do with this most important summit, please do not hesitate to call me or write."[63][64]

South Korean President Moon was left "very perplexed" by Trump's cancellation, while the South Korean minister in charge of inter-Korean affairs Cho Myoung-gyon said that North Korea "remains sincere" on "efforts on denuclearization and peace building".[65]

In response to Trump's cancellation, North Korean vice foreign minister Kim Kye-gwan expressed his country's "willingness to sit down face-to-face with the US and resolve issues anytime and in any format", being "open-minded in giving time and opportunity to the US" for the "peace and stability for the world and the Korean Peninsula".[65] Trump's cancellation had come on the day North Korea had detonated explosives at its only known nuclear test site, at Punggye-ri in front of international journalists; North Korea claimed that this would have demolished the test site.[66]

On May 25, however, Trump announced that the summit could resume as scheduled following a "very nice statement" he received from North Korea and that talks were now resuming.[67]

The following day, White House Press Secretary Sarah Sanders confirmed in a statement that a "pre-advance team for Singapore will leave as scheduled in order to prepare the summit should take place". The team, consisting of about thirty staffers from both the White House and State Department, met with North Korean counterparts over Memorial Day weekend.[68]

 
Kim Yong-chol met with Pompeo on May 30, and with Trump on June 1.

On May 30, North Korean general Kim Yong-chol arrived in New York City to meet with US Secretary of State Mike Pompeo.[69] Negotiations between Kim and Pompeo continued the next day, and Pompeo later stated at a press conference that "good progress" had been made.[70] Kim Yong-chol, who is the Vice Chair of Central Committee of the Workers' Party of Korea, is the highest-ranking North Korean official to visit the US since 2000 (when Jo Myong-rok met with US President Bill Clinton in Washington, D.C.).[71][72][73]

On June 1, Trump announced the summit would resume as scheduled for June 12 after he met Kim Yong-chol at the White House. Kim Yong-chol delivered a letter from Kim Jong Un to Trump,[74] of which Trump first told reporters that it was "a very nice" and "a very interesting letter", yet eight minutes later said "I haven't seen the letter yet. I purposely didn't open the letter".[75][76]

US–South Korea summit edit

 
Moon Jae-in met with Trump on May 22.

On May 22, 2018, South Korea President Moon Jae-in visited the United States to meet President Trump, to promote Trump-Kim summit progress, and to coordinate the two countries' common strategy regarding the upcoming summit, following harsh rhetoric from North Korea towards Washington.[77]

Closure of Punggye-ri Nuclear Test Site edit

 
North Korea shut down its Punggye-ri nuclear test site on 23 May (Thursday) to demonstrate its commitment to denuclearization.

On 12 May 2018, North Korea announced the closure and planned dismantlement of its Punggye-ri Nuclear Test Site, and invited journalists to witness the destruction of its tunnels and other testing infrastructure.[78] On 24 May 2018, reporters witnessed explosions to purportedly close those tunnels, although independent inspectors were not present.[79] Those explosions destroyed the portals to several test tunnels, but the extent of the damage to the tunnels themselves was not clear.[80][81][82]

Replacement of North Korean generals edit

On June 3, North Korea's Chairman Kim Jong Un replaced three general officers responsible for the development of North Korea's ICBM nuclear weapons.[83]

May 2018 inter-Korean summit edit

Two leaders of North and South Koreas exchanged their opinions about the issues and solutions for the Trump-Kim summit as Trump abruptly cancelled the upcoming US-North Korea summit on 12 June.[84] The principal agenda of the meeting was trying to get U.S. summit back on track and keep progressing the denuclearization talks.[85][86] The second 2018 summit was established by Kim Jung-un's suggestion within a whirlwind 24 hour notice, but Moon Jae-in accepted Kim's invitation as per the critical nuclear agenda between North and South Korea. Moon Jae-in had expressed his belief, and he discussed with Kim Jong Un about Kim's willingness to join nuclear interventions with Trump. Both leaders also agreed to accelerate the implementation of the Panmunjom Declaration and meet again at "anytime and anyplace" without formality.[87][88]

Potential denuclearization process edit

During President Donald Trump's meeting with North Korea envoy, the former spy chief Kim Yong-chol[89] at the White House, Trump said that he would choose the "denuclearization process" in North Korea. The nuclear warheads and the ICBM nuclear missiles completed in North Korea could be transferred outside of North Korea and economic sanctions on North Korea could be partly alleviated. The next step would be comprehensive inspections on North Korea's nuclear facilities and nuclear ICBM weapons program by IAEA.[90][91][92] On July 7, 2018, U.S. Secretary of State Mike Pompeo, Japanese Foreign Minister Taro Kono and South Korean Foreign Minister Kang Kyung Wha met in Tokyo, where they reaffirmed their unity in urging North Korea to denuclearize as promised. The ministers stressed the need to call on North Korea to take concrete steps toward denuclearization and to keep existing U.N. economic sanctions in place.[93] Ten days later, Donald Trump said there is "no time limit" for North Korea to denuclearize and that there is no need to rush the process.[94]

Logistical preparations edit

On June 3, a "special event area" was declared by the Ministry of Home Affairs around the area surrounding the Shangri-La Hotel Singapore and stringent security measures would be in force from June 10–14. On the same day, a smaller segment within the "special event area" was declared a "special zone" by the Singapore Police Force where enhanced police powers would be in effect during the same period.[95] On June 5, the Ministry of Home Affairs (Singapore) declared the whole of Sentosa Island, including waters off its south-west beaches, a "special event area" from June 10–14. The summit venue Capella Singapore sits on the "special event area". The government also issued an order exempting four bulletproof and bombproof vehicles from certain traffic rules for the purposes of conveying "non-citizen" individuals for the summit from June 5–30.[96]

The F1 Pit Building has also been designated as the summit's International Media Centre for international journalists to cover the summit and will be operated from 10 am on June 10 to 10 pm on June 13.[97]

On June 6, Singapore's aviation authorities announced that temporary airspace restrictions will be put in place for parts of June 11, 12 and 13. Aircraft arriving at Singapore Changi Airport will be required to reduce speed and some restrictions are placed on runway use. Aviators are also informed to stay away from Paya Lebar Air Base, a facility used by US Presidents on their previous visits to Singapore.[98][99]

The Singapore Mint also released three commemorative medallions to mark the summit.[100] They are available in gold proof, silver proof, and nickel plated zinc proof.[101]

On June 9, the Singapore Police Force and the Land Transport Authority announced that security measures, such as road closures and security checks, will kick in. Some bus stops in the Tanglin area will be skipped and security checks will be conducted along stretches of roads around the Shangri-La Hotel Singapore and the St Regis Hotel Singapore, the two hotels Trump and Kim are believed to be staying in. Bag searches and other security checks may be conducted for visitors entering Sentosa Island.[102]

On June 11, Singapore's Minister for Foreign Affairs Vivian Balakrishnan announced that the Singapore government would be paying for the North Korean contingent's hotel bill, forming part of the total US$20 million expenditure for the summit, as it was "hospitality that we would have offered them".[103] On June 25, the Ministry of Foreign Affairs (MFA) announced that the summit cost S$16.3 million, lower than the initial planned cost mentioned by Prime Minister Lee Hsien Loong.[104]

Diplomatic preparations edit

In preparation for the summit, Singapore's Minister for Foreign Affairs Vivian Balakrishnan visited the United States on a working visit and met with the United States Secretary of State Mike Pompeo and National Security Advisor John R. Bolton.[105] He visited North Korea and met with North Korea's Minister of Foreign Affairs Ri Yong-ho and Chairman of the Presidium of the Supreme People's Assembly Kim Yong-nam to further lay the groundwork for the Trump-Kim summit.[106]

The United States did not convene a Cabinet-level National Security Council meeting to discuss the summit with North Korea. Trump said: "I think I'm very well prepared ... I don't think I have to prepare very much ... this isn't a question of preparation, it's a question of whether or not people want it to happen, and we'll know that very quickly."[107]

Media center edit

 
Logo used at the International Media Centre

Singapore Prime Minister Lee Hsien Loong visited the summit's International Media Centre on June 10 when it opened. At a media conference, Lee mentioned that the summit cost S$20 million, with security costs taking up S$10 million and the setting up of the International Media Centre costing S$5 million, but it is a cost that Singapore is "willing to pay".[108] The media center opened to journalists and they were given customized items, including a bottle of water, a fan, and a notebook. The center hosted more than 2500 local and international journalists.[109]

Meeting location edit

Background edit

 
U.S. Secretary of State (then CIA Director) Mike Pompeo and Kim Jong Un meeting in Pyongyang, North Korea on March 31, 2018

On March 31 and possibly also April 1, then-CIA director Mike Pompeo had secretly met with Kim in Pyongyang[110] to lay the groundwork for the summit, including their discussing possible venues.[111] On April 17, on the day of a meeting at Mar-a-Lago of Trump with Prime Minister of Japan Shinzō Abe, sources revealed to reporters the identities involved in the discussions in Pyongyang.[112]

Locations considered edit

Trump administration sources said on April 28 that the meeting would be held in either Singapore or Mongolia.[113] On April 30, Trump remarked on a possibility the Peace House and inter-Korean House of Freedom (Joint Security Area) in Panmunjom would serve as venues.[114] Trump believed that Panmunjom in DMZ would be the reasonable location for the meeting to remove nuclear weapons and to sign the preparatory peace treaty on the Korean peninsula.[115]

The inter-Korean Peace House was where the 2018 inter-Korean summit was held earlier in April. Singapore was the site of a recent China–Taiwan summit. Mongolia has sponsored a number of talks in recent years involving regional and international players and is accessible by train from North Korea.[116]

On April 30, Trump confirmed that Singapore, the Peace House and the inter-Korean House of Freedom were under consideration.[117]

American officials said the most likely mutually-agreed-upon choice of venue would be in Southeast Asia or Europe, especially from among the choices of Singapore, Vietnam, Thailand, Switzerland (where Kim and his two siblings had some schooling),[118] or Sweden (whose embassy acts as intermediary for Americans traveling in North Korea).[119] Another possible location of the summit would be Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia.[120][121]

Additionally proposed venues included Pyongyang, North Korea (favored by Kim); the Inter-Korean Peace House in Panmunjom near the boundary of the Demilitarized Zone between North and South Korea (site for the April 27, 2018 inter-Korean summit; a site possibly favored by Kim for the summit with the US as well);[122][123] the Russian port city of Vladivostok (accessible to Kim by land or sea and nearby Vyatskoye, Kim's predecessor and father Kim Jong Il's February 16, 1941 birthplace[124][125]);[126] a Chinese city such as Shenyang, Changchun, or Beijing (favored by China); Seoul or South Korea's Jeju Island; or, aboard a US ship in international waters.[127][128]

Announcement on holding the talks in Singapore edit

 
North Korea's Vice Chairman Kim Yong-chol delivers a personal letter from Kim to Trump, in the White House Oval Office on June 1, 2018.

CNN reported on May 9 that Singapore will be hosting the meeting on June 12.[129][130] As per CNBC, a White House official said Singapore was chosen as it has diplomatic relations with both United States and North Korea, and was one of the few countries that have relationships with both countries.[131] Trump confirmed the location on May 10 and announced that the summit is set for June 12.[132][133] At 4,700 kilometres (2,900 mi) from Pyongyang's Sunan airport, Singapore is easily within the range of Kim's Soviet-made Il-62M aircraft.[134] Local media reported that the most likely choice of venue would be the Shangri-La Hotel Singapore near Orchard Road,[135] known for hosting the annual Shangri-La Dialogue and the 2015 Ma–Xi meeting. A South Korean report also cited The Istana, the official residence of the President of Singapore, as a possible venue to host the summit.[136]

 
Trump together with Vice Chairman Kim Yong-chol of the North Korean delegation, outside the Oval Office
 
An aerial view of the Capella Singapore

Singapore's Ministry of Foreign Affairs further provided information on the summit stating that "Singapore is pleased to host the meeting between President of the United States Donald J. Trump and Democratic People's Republic of Korea State Affairs Commission Chairman Kim Jong-un on 12 June 2018. We hope this meeting will advance prospects for peace in the Korean Peninsula". However, the ministry did not provide any details on the venue and the arrangements.[137]

Following Trump's renewed commitment to the summit on June 1, Singapore's Defence Minister Ng Eng Hen welcomed the move and stated that Singapore would cover some of the costs of the summit.[138] Advance team members of the American and North Korean delegations that were meeting in Singapore in prior weeks were believed to have been staying in Capella Singapore on Sentosa, and the Fullerton Hotel Singapore in the city's Downtown Core respectively, both of which were additional venue options for the summit.[139]

The White House announced on June 4 that the meeting will take place at 9:00 am (SGT), and confirmed the next day that Capella Singapore will be the venue for the June 12 summit.[140] The US clarified that they would not pay for North Korea's officials' accommodation. They also affirmed that they would talk with the South Korean and Japanese governments if asked about the possible declaration of the end of the Korean War during the summit.[141]

On June 9, 2018, at a press conference at the G7 Summit in Quebec, Trump estimated that the interpersonal chemistry[142] between him and Leader Kim Jong Un would be a deciding factor in the success of the Summit in Singapore and that this would be a one-time chance[143] for North Korea to strike a deal.[144]

Pre-summit events edit

Leaders' arrivals edit

 
Kim arrived in Singapore in an Air China Boeing 747-400 registered B-2447;[145][146] Photo of this aircraft taken in Beijing in March 2018

US President Donald Trump left the 44th G7 summit around four hours earlier than scheduled and departed directly for Singapore. He reportedly viewed the G7 summit as a "distraction" from his summit with Kim.[147] Trump landed at Singapore's Paya Lebar Airbase at 20:20 local time and was welcomed by Singapore's Minister for Foreign Affairs Vivian Balakrishnan.[148] A US Air Force Boeing C-17 Globemaster III transport plane was already at the air base ahead of his arrival. Trump stayed at the Shangri-La Hotel Singapore, which has also hosted previous US Presidents.[149]

North Korean chairman Kim Jong Un landed at Singapore Changi Airport on Sunday at about 14:35 local time and was welcomed by Singapore's Minister for Foreign Affairs Vivian Balakrishnan and Minister for Education Ong Ye Kung.[150] Kim flew to Singapore on a Boeing 747 operated by Air China, a plane used by the highest echelons of the Chinese leadership.[151][152][146] According to media reports, a cargo plane, an Air Koryo Ilyushin Il-76, containing food items and other perishables landed in Singapore from North Korea before Kim's plane landed. Chiller trucks ferried them to the St. Regis Hotel Singapore where Kim stayed.[153] A third plane from North Korea, an Air Koryo Ilyushin Il-62, landed shortly afterward; Kim's sister and Vice Director of the Propaganda and Agitation Department, Kim Yo-jong, was believed to be on board.[154]

Working-level meetings edit

Both Trump and Kim met separately with Singapore Prime Minister Lee Hsien Loong.[155] Kim met Lee on Sunday evening at The Istana.[156] Trump met Lee on Monday afternoon, also at The Istana. He was accorded a bilateral meeting, followed by a working lunch and then an expanded bilateral meeting.[157] During the meeting, Trump accepted President Halimah Yacob's invitation to make a State Visit to Singapore in November 2018, in conjunction with the 6th ASEAN-US Summit and 13th East Asia Summit.[158]

A working-level meeting was held between the United States Ambassador to the Philippines Sung Kim and Vice Minister of Foreign Affairs Choe Son-hui, at The Ritz-Carlton Millenia Singapore on Monday morning. The meeting lasted over two hours and was believed to further work out the details of the summit between Trump and Kim and to push forward their agendas.[159][160]

Meanwhile, North Korea's Minister of Foreign Affairs Ri Yong-ho met with his Singaporean counterpart Vivian Balakrishnan on Monday morning too.[161]

Pre-summit activities edit

Trump's activities edit

After meeting Singapore's Prime Minister, Trump and Secretary of State Pompeo met and thanked the team at the United States embassy in Singapore and Task Force 73 at Shangri-La Hotel.[162]

Trump then discussed the summit with South Korea's President Moon Jae-in in a 40-minute phone call, expressing that he is willing to take "bold decisions," while Moon said that South Koreans are praying for Trump to "create a miraculous result".[163] He also spoke with Japan's Prime Minister Shinzō Abe on the phone.[164]

US press briefing edit

Secretary of State Mike Pompeo gave a press briefing at the White House press room set up at the JW Marriott Hotel Singapore South Beach Hotel on Monday afternoon. He mentioned details of the preparations done by the US delegation and that the US is willing to offer North Korea security guarantees in exchange for the denuclearization of the Korean Peninsula.[165]

South Korea press briefing edit

A South Korean official spoke at a closed-door press briefing held at South Korea's Korea Press Center, confirming that Moon Jae-in will not travel to Singapore to attend the summit, despite earlier speculations. Instead, South Korea sent a delegation to Singapore to monitor the summit.[166]

Kim's tour of Singapore edit

Kim visited several of Singapore's attractions in the Central Area together with his sister, Kim Yo-jong, on Monday evening. They visited the Flower Dome at Gardens by the Bay, the Jubilee Bridge, and the Marina Bay Sands integrated resorts. They were accompanied by Singapore's Minister for Foreign Affairs Vivian Balakrishnan and Minister for Education Ong Ye Kung, the same ministers who welcomed him at Changi Airport the previous day.[167][168]

Dennis Rodman edit

Retired U.S. basketball star Dennis Rodman, who made a number of visits to North Korea to promote sports and developed a personal relationship with Chairman Kim over several years, announced that he would be in Singapore during the summit but would not be involved in the meeting.[169] Rodman arrived the day before the summit.[170] The basketball star broke down in tears live on CNN as he recounted the hostility he faced for meeting Kim Jong Un.[171]

Summit meeting edit

External videos
  U.S.-North Korea Summit Sights and Sounds, June 11, 2018, C-SPAN
  President Trump Greets North Korean Leader Kim Jong Un, June 11, 2018, C-SPAN
  North Korean Media: KCTV’s Coverage of Kim Jong Un’s Diplomatic Push in 2018, 38 North

The summit was broadcast in real-time internationally.[172]

One-to-one meeting edit

 
Kim and Trump before the start of their one-on-one meeting

United States President Donald Trump arrived at Capella Hotel first before North Korean leader Kim Jong Un arrived seventeen minutes later.[3] They started the summit at 9:05 am local time with a 12-second handshake and then participated in a one-on-one meeting, with interpreters only. Trump and Kim emerged from the one-on-one talks and walked down the corridor to the Cassia where the expanded bilateral meeting took place. Trump described the one-on-one meeting as "very very good" when asked by a reporter.[173][174] When Trump was asked if he had notes of the one-on-one meeting to refer back and verify, Trump replied, "I don't have to verify because I have one of the great memories of all time".[175]

Expanded bilateral meeting and working lunch edit

 
The expanded bilateral meeting between both the United States and North Korean delegations

Both countries' delegations proceeded to participate in an expanded bilateral meeting and a working lunch.[176]

Both delegations dined together on Korean, Southeast Asian and Western dishes with ice cream, tropézienne, and dark chocolate ganache tartlet for dessert.[177] After the lunch, Trump and Kim took a short walk together and viewed the interior of the presidential state car.[3]

Joint signing ceremony edit

The signing moment of the two leaders
 
Wikisource has original text related to this article:
Joint Statement of President Donald J. Trump of the United States of America and Chairman Kim Jong Un of the Democratic People’s Republic of Korea at the Singapore Summit

Subsequently, Trump and Kim signed a joint statement, titled "Joint Statement of President Donald J. Trump of the United States of America and Chairman Kim Jong-un of the Democratic People's Republic of Korea at the Singapore Summit", which Trump described as a "very important" and "comprehensive" agreement.[178]

The document said:[179]

President Trump and Chairman Kim Jong Un state the following:

  1. The United States and the DPRK commit to establish new U.S.-DPRK relations in accordance with the desire of the peoples of the two countries for peace and prosperity.
  2. The United States and the DPRK will join their efforts to build a lasting and stable peace regime on the Korean Peninsula.
  3. Reaffirming the April 27, 2018 Panmunjom Declaration, the DPRK commits to work towards the complete denuclearization of the Korean Peninsula.
  4. The United States and the DPRK commit to recovering POW/MIA remains including the immediate repatriation of those already identified.

In addition to the numbered provisions, the joint statement also mentions Trump's commitment to providing security guarantees to North Korea. Follow-up negotiations between Pompeo and an undetermined high-level North Korean official are also called for by the joint statement.[178]

US news conference edit

 
Trump at the news conference after the summit

Trump held a news conference at 16:15 local time which lasted for more than an hour. In his news conference, Trump said that further discussions will take place with North Korean officials and that he would consider visiting Pyongyang.[180] Referring to his commitment in the Joint Statement[181] to "provide security guarantees" to North Korea, Trump announced the end of the joint military exercises with the South Korean military, which he described as "provocative". U.S. Forces Korea and South Korea were apparently not consulted.[182] He expressed his hope that the removal of 32,000 American troops defending South Korea would become part of the equation. The next round of joint military exercises was scheduled for late August.[183][184]

End of summit edit

On June 12, Trump left Singapore from Paya Lebar Air Base at around 18:30 local time, earlier than his planned departure time of 19:00 while Kim Jong Un left Singapore from Changi Airport at around 22:30.[185]

Upon returning to the United States the following day, President Trump declared that North Korea was no longer a nuclear threat.[186] On June 22, 2018, Trump provided a "Notice Regarding the Continuation of the National Emergency with Respect to North Korea," which extended the Executive Order 13466 of 2008 by one year, reaffirming "the current existence and risk of the proliferation of weapons-usable fissile material on the Korean Peninsula constitute an unusual and extraordinary threat to the national security and foreign policy of the United States, and I hereby declare a national emergency to deal with that threat."[187][188]

In October 2018, a second North Korea–United States summit was announced.[189]

Delegations in attendance edit

Participants in the expanded bilateral meeting edit

Other delegates edit

  United States (USA)
Name Title
Cabinet of the United States
Randall Schriver[195] Assistant Secretary of Defense for Asian and Pacific Security Affairs
White House Office
Sarah Huckabee Sanders[196] White House Press Secretary
Stephen Miller[197] Senior Advisor to the President
National Security Council (NSC)
Mira Ricardel[197] Deputy National Security Advisor
Sarah Tinsley[197] NSC Director for Strategic Communications
Matthew Pottinger[197] NSC Senior Director for Asian Affairs
Brenan Richards[198] NSC Director for Southeast Asian Affairs
Allison Hooker[195] NSC Member
Central Intelligence Agency (CIA)
Andrew Kim[195] Director of the CIA Korea Mission Center
Ambassadors of the United States
Sung Kim[195] Ambassador to the Philippines
P. Michael McKinley[197] Ambassador to Brazil
Stephanie Syptak-Ramnath[197] Chargé d'affaires (acting Ambassador) at the US Embassy in Singapore
Melissa Brown[197] Counsellor for Economic and Political Affairs at the US Embassy in Singapore

Reactions edit

Main article: International reactions to the 2018 North Korea–United States summit

The summit received a mixed international reaction, with many countries expressing praise or hope for achieving a peace deal from the summit.[199] Some commentators expressed skepticism towards the signed agreement, pointing to a history of failed past agreements and to the vague wording of the declarations.[200] China raised the possibility of sanction relief following the summit,[201] but Pompeo said sanction relief would only be granted after complete denuclearization.[202] Joint-military exercises between the United States and South Korea were halted, a demand that North Korea had long made.[203] Visitors to North Korea reported that anti-American posters, postcards, stamps and similar items were no longer sold in tourist shops.[204]

Incidents edit

On June 9, two South Korean media personnel from South Korean broadcaster KBS News were arrested for trespassing at the home of the North Korean ambassador in Singapore.[205] KBS News subsequently issued an apology for not being cautious.[206] The two media personnel were deported the next day on June 10.[207]

On June 11, five South Korean women were arrested on Monday night for protesting outside the St. Regis Hotel where Chairman Kim and his delegation were staying. The police warned the women for violating the Public Order Act but they refused to cooperate, leading to their arrests.[208][209]

Aftermath edit

Progress of joint statement edit

The director of USC Korean Studies Institute David C. Kang wrote an analysis of North Korea's solution which was published in The New York Times. Writing that the Trump administration should proceed with the necessary action items of U.S. side in order to ask North Korea to give up their Nuclear Weapons, Kang emphasized that unilateral disarmament of the DPRK would be impractical, and that a "phased" and "synchronous" approach with "step by step" negotiations would be a more reasonable way forward, with respect to the US-DPRK Joint Statement signed at the Singapore summit.[210] The DPRK has shown eight or more types of various actions on their portion of the agreement; a moratorium on missile/nuclear tests, dismantling the Sohae atomic test and satellite launch site, the shutting down of an intercontinental ballistic missile assembly facility near Pyongyang, the returning of the remains of 55 U.S. Soldiers killed in the Korean War, the removal of domestic anti-American propaganda, and the release of three American Citizens arrested and imprisoned in the DPRK, as North Korean action items of the summit. However, the US has thus far[when?] taken only one action; the cancelling of joint military exercises between the US and South Korean Air Forces in the peninsula. If the United States should complete more of its action items under the Singapore agreement, with regard to North Korea's security concerns, the North Korean government in turn may be willing to make further actions toward denuclearization.[210][211] North Korean minister Ri Yong-ho has claimed that the US is backtracking or has made no progress on the American side of the Singapore Summit agreement, while saying that North Korea itself has taken some measures including the cessation of nuclear and missile testing, along with the removal of a primary nuclear site.[212] US Secretary of State Mike Pompeo has made a request for North Korea to hand over 60 to 70 percent of its nuclear arsenal within six to eight months. However, the DPRK has not yet accepted that proposal.[213] The North Korean foreign minister released an announcement criticizing unilateral denuclearization, and Ri Yong-ho has emphasized that it is only equitable to perform a “balanced, simultaneous, step-by-step implementation” of the US-DPRK Joint Statement.[214] There are four action items in the Joint Statement, the first and second items being the renewal of North Korea–United States relations, the third item being the denuclearization of the Korean Peninsula, and the final item the recovery of American POW/MIA remains from the Korean War. Currently, there are still three American nuclear capable jets stationed in South Korea. Additionally, North and South Korea, still lacking a proper peace treaty, are still technically at war.[215] The DPRK urged the US to guarantee the DPRK's security by a formal declaration of the ending of the Korean War, in exchange for the DPRK ending its nuclear program and forfeiting its nuclear weapons.[216] Doug Bandow, a special assistant to former President Ronald Reagan, suggested that the US provide the DPRK with a safety framework in the form of a peace treaty, in exchange for the DPRK ending their nuclear program.[217]

Removed anti-American propaganda in DPRK edit

The DPRK government toned down aspects of its anti-American propaganda after the Singapore summit, with many anti-American posters being removed in the capital to give way to less politicized messages.[218] The government also cancelled North Korea's annual "anti-US imperialism" rally on 27 July, a national holiday commemorating the start of the Korean War (Fatherland Liberation War in DPRK historiography).[219]

Pompeo's subsequent visits to North Korea edit

 
Wikisource has original text related to this article:
A letter from Kim Jong Un to Donald Trump

On July 6–7, Pompeo travelled to North Korea for the third time to continue the negotiations with Kim Yong-chol, "a senior official who has been [North Korea's] point person in deliberations with the United States, South Korea and China". After the meeting, Pompeo said that the talks were productive and that progress had been made "on almost all of the central issues". However, North Korean state media criticized the meeting soon after, saying the U.S. had shown a "gangster-like attitude" and calling the demands of the Trump administration "deeply regrettable".[220] Notwithstanding the stern reports, Pompeo delivered a letter from Kim to Trump, in which the latter expressed his hope for successful implementation of the US-North Korea Joint Statement and reaffirmed his will for improving the relations between the countries.[221]

Pompeo announced on August 23, 2018, that he would return to North Korea the following week for the fourth round of talks.[222] The following day, Trump tweeted that he had asked Pompeo not to make the trip because he felt "we are not making sufficient progress with respect to the denuclearization of the Korean Peninsula."[223] Concerning the cancellation of Pompeo's planned North Korea trip, Vox summarized the background based on the reports by The Washington Post and CNN that North Korea delivered an irate letter to Pompeo and the letter was shown to Trump in the Oval Office on Friday, and Trump tweeted the cancellation of Pompeo's trip. The message from DPRK was North Korea's evident disappointment as Washington had shown no real eagerness to sign a peace treaty to end the Korean War.[224][225][226]

South Korean Foreign Minister Kang Kyung-wha spoke to Pompeo by telephone on August 25, urging the U.S. and DPRK to continue talks relating to denuclearization and peace on the Korean peninsula, in spite of concerns over the cancellation of the trip by Trump. Japanese Foreign Minister Taro Kono revealed appreciation for Pompeo's "prompt communication” with South Korea, and said Japan would be pleased to cooperate with the U.S. for denuclearization of the Korean peninsula.[227][228]

Return of remains of US soldiers edit

 
After the Trump-Kim summit, North Korea searched for and returned the remains of U.S. POWs and MIAs from the Korean War.
 
The remains of US soldiers in DPRK start the journey to the U.S. after 65 years.
 
The US war remains were delivered from Wonsan, North Korea by U.S. military transport plane C-17 Globemaster to the Osan Air Base near Seoul, South Korea.

On June 27, Pompeo said North Korea was planning to hand over presumed remains of U.S. soldiers killed during the Korean War in the near future.[229]

Following Pompeo's second visit to Pyongyang, a lower ranks meeting took place on July 15 regarding the retrieving of remains of US soldiers from the Korean War. Pompeo called the talks "productive" and said the two sides had reached firm commitments on the issue.[230] On July 27 North Korea handed over 55 boxes of human remains, thus starting to fulfill their pledge in the Singapore declaration. The remains were saluted in a ceremony in their honor by US soldiers.[231] More than 36,000 American troops died during the Korean War, but some 7,700 remain unaccounted for, including 5,300 believed to have died in North Korea. Earlier, 220 remains were recovered during 1996–2005.[232] North Korea reported to the U.S. Defense POW/MIA Accounting Agency that they couldn't be sure how many individuals were represented in each of the 55 boxes.[233]

There was uncertainty about the nationality of the war remains,[234] whether the individuals were American or from other countries that took part in the Korean War, such as Australia, Belgium, France, and the Philippines.[235] Kelly McKeague, the director of the POW/MIA Accounting Agency, said a preliminary review showed that the remains are "consistent" with being American and are from the Battle of Chosin Reservoir.[236] The next phase would be matching the dental records, X-rays and DNA testing to further analyze the remains for possible identification. McKeague expressed his opinion that North Korea needs to allow the resumption of joint U.S.-North Korean searches of battlefields and POW camp graveyards to discover more war remains as soon as practical.[233]

Shutdown of ICBM assembly facility near Pyongyang edit

The Voice of America (VOA) reported on July 25 that there is evidence that North Korea has dismantled an intercontinental ballistic missile (ICBM) construction facility near Pyongyang. It was confirmed by analyzing satellite images taken around the March 16 with the latest satellite images in July. It was the investigated place of the factory that the Hwasong-15 ICBM that North Korea test-launched on November 29, 2017, was assembled at this plant and then moved on a transporter-erector-launcher (TEL). Kim Jong Un was at this vehicle factory that was connected to the ICBM assembly factory when he gave the command for the transfer of the TEL carrying the Hwasong-15 ICBM. State Department Spokesperson Heather Nauert announced that the U.S would be looking for DPRK's consent for allowing the Verification process of the denuclearization of North Korea. Heather also added “Verification is obviously something that is paramount. Verification from legitimate groups and done by legitimate countries."[237]

Destruction of missile test site edit

 
North Korea dismantled the various significant parts and permanent structure of the Sohae ICBM missile & Satellite Launching Station.
 
The DPRK Government had begun to dismantle an ICBM rocket launching and testing engine site to demonstrate its commitment to denuclearization. CBS News has identified the site as the freshest of North Korea's recognised major missile testing facilities.[238]

On July 24, it was reported that North Korea had begun to dismantle a rocket launching and testing site near Tonchang, an action which Kim had pledged to Trump. South Korean President Moon called the move "a good sign for North Korea’s denuclearization".[239] The North Korea monitoring specialist group 38 North found that the Sohae Station, a satellite-launch site in North Korea, was being demolished. Satellite imagery shows that several significant structures were destroyed: a missile-launching stand and a building near a launchpad for satellites. 38 North suggested that it is an essential beginning step towards achieving a commitment made by Kim Jong Un at the June 12 Singapore Summit.[240] On 7 August, there is more progress on Dismantling Facilities at the Sohae Satellite and Missile Launching Station. it entails the demolition of the test stand's concrete foundations, launch pad's gantry tower and pad foundation, etc. While the previous dismantlement of the vertical engine test stand on 23 July, represents a fulfilment of Chairman Kim's arrangement with President Trump conducted publicly during the post-Singapore Summit press conference, activity at the launch pad and concrete foundation appears to go exceeding that pledge. These activities, however, must be viewed cautiously as “principal steps” since neither are presently permanent or irreversible. Concerning 38 North's scrutiny, it would characterize more durable and irreversible actions as there is no identified facility with equivalent capabilities elsewhere in the DPRK.[241]

North Korea announced in December 2019 that it had recently conducted a "very important test" at the Sohae site. Some analysts believed the test involved a new ICBM engine, as the country was believed to be migrating from its liquid-fueled missiles to new solid-fueled versions that were easier to transport, conceal and launch.[242] The country announced it had conducted a "crucial test' at the Sohae site days later.[243]

Negotiation process between US and DPRK edit

In August, during the ASEAN Regional Forum 2018, North Korea's nuclear program was the critical agenda item. ASEAN forum foreign ministers issued a joint statement calling for a "complete denuclearization" which is the same phrase used in the joint statement issued after the summit, and represents a change from last year's call for a "complete, verifiable and irreversible denuclearization".[244] South Korea's Foreign Minister Kang Kyung-wha has said that she had "considerable" consultations over the issue of the declaration to a formal end of the 1950-53 Korean war with the Chinese and U.S. foreign ministers.[245] Chinese Foreign Minister Wang Yi said "everyone can announce a declaration ending the war if they do not want the war to happen again".[246] North Korean Foreign Minister Ri Yong Ho said he was “alarmed” by U.S. insistence on maintaining sanctions until North Korea denuclearizes and what he said was U.S. reluctance to declare a formal end to the Korean War.[247] United States Forces in Korea maintains several nuclear bomber fighters, and DPRK is demanding USA safety guarantee for giving up nuclear weapon programs of Pyongyang.[216]

Questions about missile development edit

The media source 38 North, an American agency which monitors North Korea, told CNN that only two small roof buildings had been newly erected, which might be used for hospitality roles for senior officials or nuclear inspectors. Other improved infrastructures were already developed before the Trump-Kim Summit.[248][249] On June 30, NBC reported that, according to an assessment by the U.S. intelligence agencies, North Korea might have increased production of fuel for nuclear weapons at multiple secret sites after the summit, though if the process of enrichment had occurred, it must have begun before the summit.[250] On August 3, experts monitoring U.N. sanctions against North Korea sent a report to the UN Security Council saying North Korea "has not stopped its nuclear and missiles programs" and is still violating sanctions by transferring coal at sea and flouting an arms embargo and financial sanctions.[251][252] However, North Korean Foreign Minister Ri-Yong Ho said in a privilege speech at the ASEAN summit, that a “good-faith implementation of the Joint Statement (between the USA and DPRK) would be necessary”. Referring to this same speech, the North Korea monitoring specialist Group, 38 North, believes that in order to achieve the goal to denuclearize, a scheme of ALL TAKE-NO GIVE will never work with DPRK.[253][254][255][256][257]

The New York Times reported on November 12, 2018 that "satellite images suggest that the North has been engaged in a great deception" by offering to dismantle one missile launch site while continuing to develop sixteen others. The Times reported that American intelligence had determined that North Korea's production of fissile material, nuclear weapons and mobile missile systems had continued since the summit, adding that the missile network was "long known to American intelligence agencies but left undiscussed as President Trump claims to have neutralized the North’s nuclear threat."[258] The following day, Trump called the report of North Korea developing missile sites "inaccurate" and "just more fake news," adding "We fully know about the sites being discussed, nothing new."[259] The Times stood by the accuracy of its report.[260] On November 13, 2018, Kim Eui Keum, a spokesman for South Korean President Moon Jae-In, described the report and images as "nothing new" and further stated that North Korea "has never signed any agreement, any negotiation that makes shutting down missile bases mandatory."[261]

CNN acquired satellite images in December 2018 that indicated North Korea was continuing to significantly expand a major long-range missile site in the mountainous interior of the country, including an "extremely large underground facility" that could be under construction as of August 2018.[262]

Second U.S.–North Korean Summit edit

Main article: 2019 North Korea–United States Hanoi Summit
 
Trump and Kim at the Hanoi Summit

On October 7, 2018, U.S. Secretary of State Mike Pompeo and Kim met in Pyongyang and agreed to a second U.S.–North Korea summit,[263] with South Korea's presidential office stating that it would take place "as soon as possible."[264] Pompeo said a second summit would happen soon, and that details would be revealed to South Korean President Moon Jae-In during a meeting in the South Korean capital of Seoul.[265] During the State of the Union Address President Trump announced Vietnam to host the second meeting between the two leaders. The summit was held in Hanoi, Vietnam on February 27 and 28, 2019, but ended without a new deal. Trump said he was dissatisfied with the incomplete denuclearization offered by Kim, who demanded in return the full lifting of American sanctions on North Korea.[266]

See also edit

References edit

  1. ^ Williams, Jennifer (June 12, 2018). "Read the full transcript of Trump's North Korea summit press conference". Vox. from the original on May 29, 2019. Retrieved February 24, 2019.
  2. ^ "As Trump-Kim summit looms, arrangements for media kick into high gear". TODAYonline. from the original on February 24, 2019. Retrieved February 24, 2019.
  3. ^ a b c "[LIVE HD] Trump-Kim historic summit livestream". YouTube. June 12, 2018. from the original on March 20, 2021. Retrieved February 18, 2019.
  4. ^ "Joint Statement of President Donald J. Trump of the United States of America and Chairman Kim Jong Un of the Democratic People's Republic of Korea at the Singapore Summit". The White House. June 12, 2018. from the original on January 20, 2021. Retrieved February 28, 2019.
  5. ^ "Joint Statement of President Donald J. Trump of the United States of America and Chairman Kim Jong Un of the Democratic People's Republic of Korea at the Singapore Summit – The White House". trumpwhitehouse.archives.gov. from the original on 2021-01-20. Retrieved 2022-04-23.
  6. ^ Pinkott, Dixon (June 12, 2018). "Trump Kim summit: Trump praises North Korea and promises to end 'war games'". USAHint.com. from the original on June 13, 2018. Retrieved June 13, 2018.
  7. ^ Smith, Josh; Stewart, Phil (June 12, 2018). "Trump surprises with pledge to end military exercises in South Korea". Reuters. London, England. from the original on June 12, 2018. Retrieved June 13, 2018.
  8. ^ Mac, Thornberry (2018-08-13). "Text - H.R.5515 - 115th Congress (2017-2018): John S. McCain National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2019". www.congress.gov. from the original on 2018-10-10. Retrieved 2018-10-11.
  9. ^ "Trump leaves open possibility of Jun 12 Singapore summit with North Korea". Channel NewsAsia. May 25, 2018. from the original on May 25, 2018. Retrieved May 25, 2018.
  10. ^ a b Baker, Rodger (April 5, 2018). "Here's What's Actually Different About The Latest North Korea Talks". Forbes. Jersey City, New Jersey. from the original on April 29, 2018. Retrieved April 29, 2018.
  11. ^ Xu, nBiena; Bajoria, Jayshree (September 30, 2013). "The Six Party Talks On North Korea's Nuclear Program". New York City: Council on Foreign Relations. from the original on May 24, 2018. Retrieved May 24, 2018.
  12. ^ Spetalnick, Matt; Yukhananov, Anna (April 9, 2013). "Analysis: North Korea tests Obama's "strategic patience"". Reuters. from the original on June 12, 2018. Retrieved June 12, 2018.
  13. ^ Evans, Stephen (November 17, 2016). "What will President Trump do about North Korea?". BBC News. from the original on June 16, 2018. Retrieved July 21, 2018.
  14. ^ Ahn, JH (31 May 2016). "North Korean editorial supports Donald Trump". NK News. from the original on 20 June 2018. Retrieved 20 June 2018.
  15. ^ Fifield, Anna (May 2, 2017). "South Korea's likely next president warns the U.S. not to meddle in its democracy". The Washington Post. Washington DC: Nash Holdings LLC. from the original on May 2, 2017. Retrieved June 17, 2018.
  16. ^ Choe, Sang-hun (July 4, 2017). "North Korea Claims Success in Long-Range Missile Test". The New York Times. from the original on July 4, 2017. Retrieved July 4, 2017.
  17. ^ "North Korea considering firing missiles at Guam, per state media". New York City: Fox News Channel. August 8, 2017. from the original on August 8, 2017.
  18. ^ "Atom: Nordkorea legt detaillierten Plan für Raketenangriff Richtung Guam vor - WELT". DIE WELT. 10 August 2017. from the original on October 12, 2017. Retrieved August 10, 2017.
  19. ^ Collins, Pádraig (September 3, 2017). "North Korea nuclear test: what we know so far". The Guardian. London, England. from the original on September 3, 2017. Retrieved September 4, 2017.
  20. ^ McGeough, Paul (September 12, 2017). "North Korea: Sanctions tighten screws on regime but China, Russia get their way". The Sydney Morning Herald. Sydney, Australia. from the original on September 12, 2017. Retrieved September 13, 2017.
  21. ^ Paddock, Richard C.; Sang-hun, Choe; Wade, Nicholas (February 24, 2017). "In Kim Jong-nam's Death, North Korea Lets Loose a Weapon of Mass Destruction". The New York Times. from the original on June 10, 2018. Retrieved June 18, 2018.
  22. ^ Wright, David (28 November 2017). . All Things Nuclear. Cambridge, Massachusetts: Union of Concerned Scientists. Archived from the original on November 28, 2017.
  23. ^ "Security Council Tightens Sanctions on Democratic People's Republic of Korea, Unanimously Adopting Resolution 2397 (2017)". Washington DC: United Nations. December 22, 2017. from the original on December 24, 2017. Retrieved December 24, 2017.
  24. ^ Friedman, Uri (November 29, 2017). "North Korea Says It Has 'Completed' Its Nuclear Program". The Atlantic. Washington DC. from the original on June 12, 2018. Retrieved June 12, 2018.
  25. ^ Kong, Kanga (November 28, 2017). "North Korea Says Nuke Push Complete as Entire U.S. in Range". Bloomberg. New York City. from the original on June 13, 2018. Retrieved June 12, 2018.
  26. ^ Orjoux, Alanne; George, Steve (January 2, 2018). "Kim Jong Un offers rare olive branch to South Korea". CNN. from the original on January 4, 2018. Retrieved January 2, 2018.
  27. ^ Jochum, Kateri; Winsor, Morgan (January 13, 2018). "'Primal fear' as people across Hawaii get false alarm of imminent missile attack". ABC News. from the original on May 25, 2018. Retrieved May 24, 2018.
  28. ^ Kim, Hyung-Jin (January 3, 2018). "North Korea reopens cross-border communication channel with South Korea". Chicago Tribune. Associated Press. from the original on January 4, 2018. Retrieved January 5, 2018.
  29. ^ a b Ji, Dagyum (February 12, 2018). "Delegation visit shows N. Korea can take "drastic" steps to improve relations: MOU". NK News. from the original on March 28, 2018. Retrieved April 24, 2018.
  30. ^ Kim, Soyoung (February 9, 2018). "At Games reception, a hopeful dessert and a hasty exit". Reuters. from the original on June 16, 2018. Retrieved June 16, 2018.
  31. ^ Raymond, Adam (February 9, 2018). "Mike Pence Avoids Eye Contact With Kim Jong-un's Sister at Olympics Opening Ceremony". New York. from the original on June 16, 2018. Retrieved June 16, 2018.
  32. ^ "Kim Jong-un's sister arrives in South Korea, making history". Canadian Broadcasting Corporation. Associated Press. February 9, 2018. from the original on June 14, 2018. Retrieved June 16, 2018.
  33. ^ Gregory, Sean; Gangneug (February 10, 2018). "'Cheer Up!' North Korean Cheerleaders Rally Unified Women's Hockey Team During 8-0 Loss". Time. from the original on April 9, 2018. Retrieved April 24, 2018.
  34. ^ "Trump accepts offer to meet Kim Jong In". CNN. March 9, 2018. from the original on March 23, 2018. Retrieved March 12, 2018.
  35. ^ Schwartz, Felicia; Gordon, Michael R. (March 8, 2018). "U.S. Meets With South Koreans Bearing a 'Message' from Pyongyang". The Wall Street Journal. from the original on March 13, 2018. Retrieved March 14, 2018.
  36. ^ "Unpredictable as ever, Trump stuns with a gamble on North Korea". The Sydney Morning Herald. March 11, 2018. from the original on April 2, 2018. Retrieved March 12, 2018.
  37. ^ "Trump-North Korea meeting: US 'knows the risks', says spy chief". BBC. March 12, 2018. from the original on August 13, 2018. Retrieved July 21, 2018.
  38. ^ Jacobs, Peter (March 9, 2018). "The White House already looks as if it's backtracking on Trump's meeting with Kim Jong Un". Business Insider. from the original on March 15, 2018. Retrieved March 10, 2018.
  39. ^ Hwang, Bang-Yeol (2018-03-14). "'한반도 운전대' 잡은 한국, 힘은 '남북관계'에서 나왔다" [Seo Hyeon-jong and Seohun met each other directly in four days from 9th to 13th.]. Oh-My-News. from the original on 2018-06-23. Retrieved 2018-06-23.
  40. ^ "정의용, 시진핑과 면담…한반도 비핵화 공조 확인" [Jeong Jong-yong, Si Jin-ping and interview ... Confirmation of Denuclearization of the Korean Peninsula] (in Korean). Radio Free Asia. March 12, 2018. from the original on March 13, 2018. Retrieved March 13, 2018.
  41. ^ "South Korean Envoys Will Travel to Japan, China and Russia". plenglish.com. March 11, 2018. from the original on March 13, 2018. Retrieved March 13, 2018.
  42. ^ "아베 "비핵화 전제 北과 대화 평가"…서훈 "한일협력 중요"(종합)" [Abe 'Denuclearization presumption North dialogue evaluation' ... Seohun 'Korea-Japan cooperation is important' (comprehensive)] (in Korean). Yonhap News Agency. March 13, 2018. from the original on March 13, 2018. Retrieved March 13, 2018.
  43. ^ Jeong, Andrew (March 19, 2018). "North Korea to Meet for Talks With U.S., South Korean Delegations in Helsinki". The Wall Street Journal. New York City: Dow Jones and Company. from the original on April 16, 2018. Retrieved June 17, 2018.
  44. ^ Park, Yuna; Campbell, Joseph (March 17, 2018). "North Korean diplomat heads to Finland ahead of possible U.S. talks". Reuters. from the original on April 24, 2018. Retrieved June 17, 2018.
  45. ^ "Kim Jong Un Made a Surprise China Visit, Sources Say". Bloomberg Politics. New York City. March 26, 2018. from the original on March 26, 2018. Retrieved March 28, 2018.
  46. ^ Blanchard, Ben; Lee, Joyce (March 26, 2018). "China says North Korea pledges denuclearization during friendly visit". Reuters. from the original on March 28, 2018. Retrieved March 28, 2018.
  47. ^ Ng, Teddy; Jeong-ho, lee (March 30, 2018). "Xi invited Kim. But Pyongyang was mastermind behind the China visit". South China Morning Post. Hong Kong, China: Alibaba Group. from the original on April 8, 2018. Retrieved June 17, 2018.
  48. ^ "Kim Jong Un's visit to China [English][North Korean TV]". English North Korean TV. March 29, 2018. from the original on May 13, 2019. Retrieved April 1, 2018.
  49. ^ Huang, Cary (March 30, 2018). "Kim Jong-un and Xi Jinping take centre stage in diplomatic drama on the Korean peninsula". South China Morning Post. Hong Kong, China: Alibaba Group. from the original on April 6, 2018. Retrieved April 6, 2018.
  50. ^ "Kim Jong Un's official visit to China [English][North Korean TV]". English North Korea TV. March 30, 2018. from the original on April 6, 2018. Retrieved April 6, 2018.
  51. ^ Jiang, Steven; Westcott, Ben; Han, Sol (May 9, 2018). "Kim Jong Un meets with Xi Jinping in northern China". Atlanta, Georgia: CNN. from the original on May 9, 2018. Retrieved May 9, 2018.
  52. ^ "Kim Jong Un speaks out about possible meeting with Trump for 1st time". ABC News. April 11, 2018. from the original on April 15, 2018. Retrieved April 15, 2018.
  53. ^ Fifield, Anna (September 4, 2017). "South Korea's defense minister suggests bringing back tactical U.S. nuclear weapons". The Washington Post. Washington DC: Nash Holdings LLC. from the original on April 13, 2018. Retrieved June 17, 2018.
  54. ^ "North Korea proposed five requirements to the United States as a 'denuclearization cost' There was no 'USFK withdrawal' request". Huffington Post Korea. April 11, 2018. from the original on April 15, 2018. Retrieved April 15, 2018.
  55. ^ "Koreas make nuclear pledge after summit". BBC News. April 27, 2018. from the original on April 27, 2018. Retrieved April 27, 2018.
  56. ^ a b "Trump welcomes US prisoners released by North Korea". Reuters. May 10, 2018. from the original on July 2, 2018. Retrieved July 1, 2018.
  57. ^ O'Connor, Tom (May 21, 2018). "NEW U.S. COIN FEATURES NORTH KOREA'S 'SUPREME LEADER' KIM JONG UN AND PRESIDENT DONALD TRUMP". Newsweek. from the original on June 16, 2018. Retrieved June 16, 2018.
  58. ^ a b Noack, Rick (May 24, 2018). "How Kim-Trump tensions escalated: The more the U.S. said 'Libya,' the angrier North Korea got". The Washington Post. Washington DC: Nash Holdings LLC. from the original on May 25, 2018. Retrieved May 25, 2018.
  59. ^ . The London Evening Post. London, England. October 30, 2011. Archived from the original on June 18, 2018. Retrieved June 17, 2018.
  60. ^ "Senate Delegation Positive About Security of Libyan WMD Materials". Nuclear Threat Initiative. September 30, 2011. from the original on June 18, 2018. Retrieved June 17, 2018.
  61. ^ Fifield, Anna (May 15, 2018). "North Korea expands threat to cancel Trump-Kim summit, saying it won't be pushed to abandon its nukes". The Washington Post. Washington DC: Nash Holdings LLC. from the original on May 24, 2018. Retrieved May 25, 2018.
  62. ^ Elliott, Josh. "Why Trump can't use the 'Libya model' to oust Kim Jong Un". Global News. from the original on May 26, 2018. Retrieved May 26, 2018.
  63. ^ Zurcher, Anthony. "Analysing Trump's letter to Kim Jong-un". BBC News. from the original on May 24, 2018. Retrieved May 24, 2018.
  64. ^ Sanger, David (24 May 2018). "Trump's Letter to Kim Canceling North Korea Summit Meeting, Annotated". The New York Times. from the original on May 24, 2018. Retrieved May 24, 2018.
  65. ^ a b Haas, Benjamin; McCurry, Justin (25 May 2018). "North Korea leaves door open for 'desperately necessary' Trump summit". The Guardian. from the original on May 25, 2018. Retrieved May 25, 2018.
  66. ^ Haas, Benjamin (24 May 2018). "North Korea 'destroys' nuclear test site as world's media watches". The Guardian. from the original on May 25, 2018. Retrieved May 25, 2018.
  67. ^ Stracqualursi, Veronica; Liptak, Kevin. "Trump says North Korea summit talks continue: 'Could even be the 12th'". CNN. from the original on May 25, 2018. Retrieved May 25, 2018.
  68. ^ "WH to send team to Singapore to prep for possible Trump-Kim Jong Un meeting". ABC News. May 26, 2018. from the original on May 26, 2018. Retrieved May 26, 2018.
  69. ^ Gaouette, Nicole. "North Korean ex-spy chief meets with Pompeo in New York". CNN. from the original on June 1, 2018. Retrieved June 2, 2018.
  70. ^ . Star Tribune. Archived from the original on June 12, 2018. Retrieved June 2, 2018.
  71. ^ "Kim Yong-chol: the ultimate North Korean regime insider". The Guardian. May 30, 2018. from the original on June 3, 2018. Retrieved June 3, 2018.
  72. ^ "Exclusive: Trump - nuclear deal may take more than one meeting with North Korea's Kim". Reuters. June 1, 2018. from the original on June 2, 2018. Retrieved June 3, 2018.
  73. ^ "Donald Trump: June 12 meeting with North Korea's Kim Jong Un back on". USA Today. June 1, 2018. from the original on June 2, 2018. Retrieved June 3, 2018.
  74. ^ Benson, Lindsay (2 June 2018). "Kim Jong Un sent a letter to Trump. It's huge". CNN. from the original on June 2, 2018. Retrieved June 2, 2018.
  75. ^ Qiu, Linda (June 2018). "Trump's False, Exaggerated and Contradictory Claims on Korea, Mexico and Trade". The New York Times. from the original on June 3, 2018. Retrieved June 2, 2018.
  76. ^ Borchers, Callum. "Watch: Trump said Kim Jong Un's letter was 'interesting'. Then he said, 'I haven't opened it.'". The Washington Post. from the original on June 30, 2018. Retrieved June 3, 2018.
  77. ^ ABRAMSON, ALANA. "Donald Trump Says June 12 North Korea Summit 'May Not Work Out'". time.com. from the original on July 27, 2018. Retrieved July 28, 2018.
  78. ^ "North Korea has Begun Dismantlement of the Punggye-ri Nuclear Test Site'". www.38north.org/. from the original on August 3, 2018. Retrieved Aug 3, 2018.
  79. ^ North Korea nuclear test tunnels at Punggye-ri 'destroyed' 2019-01-04 at the Wayback Machine, BBC News, 24 May 2018.
  80. ^ The Punggye-ri Nuclear Test Site Destroyed: A Good Start but New Questions Raised about Irreversibility 2019-01-19 at the Wayback Machine, 38 North, 31 May 2018
  81. ^ More Potential Questions About the Punggye-ri Nuclear Test Site Destruction 2018-12-09 at the Wayback Machine, 38 North, 8 June 2018.
  82. ^ Institute Statement on the Dismantlement of Punggye-ri 2019-02-28 at the Wayback Machine, David Albright, Institute for Science and International Security, 25 May 2018.
  83. ^ White, Jeremy B. "North Korea 'replaces three top generals' ahead of talks with Donald Trump". The Independent. from the original on June 12, 2018. Retrieved June 4, 2018.
  84. ^ "North and South Korean leaders hold surprise meeting in DMZ to get U.S. summit back on track". Chicagotribune. 26 May 2018. from the original on 24 August 2018. Retrieved 29 July 2018.
  85. ^ Ji-eun, Kim (28 May 2018). "Moon and Kim reaffirm commitment to Panmunjeom Declaration". The Hankyoreh. from the original on 1 August 2018. Retrieved 5 August 2018.
  86. ^ "North, South Korea meet for surprise second summit". syracuse.com. Associated Press. 2018-05-26. from the original on 2018-06-12. Retrieved 2018-06-12.
  87. ^ "North and South Korean leaders hold surprise meeting". CNN. 26 May 2018. from the original on 28 April 2019. Retrieved 26 May 2018.
  88. ^ hermesauto (May 27, 2018). "Full address by South Korean President Moon Jae In on May 26 inter-Korea summit". The Straits Times. from the original on September 11, 2018. Retrieved August 24, 2018.
  89. ^ Lee, Jaesang. "From spy chief to a high-profile meeting with Trump: Who is Kim Yong Chol?". ABC News. from the original on June 4, 2018. Retrieved June 4, 2018.
  90. ^ Miller, S.A B. "North Korea nuclear deal is the easy part; weapons program would take years to dismantle". The Washington Times. from the original on June 4, 2018. Retrieved June 4, 2018.
  91. ^ "Analysis: Trump Hints At Longer Path For NKorea To Denuke". theyeshivaworld.com. 3 June 2018. from the original on June 12, 2018. Retrieved June 4, 2018.
  92. ^ ""Nuclear deal with North Korea would require unprecedented access to secret weapons sites"". pilotonline.com. from the original on June 12, 2018. Retrieved June 4, 2018.
  93. ^ "Japan, U.S., S Korea unite on N Korea; Pompeo brushes off 'gangster' claim". 8 July 2018. from the original on November 22, 2018. Retrieved August 24, 2018.
  94. ^ "'No rush' on N Korea denuclearisation - Trump". BBC News. July 18, 2018. from the original on August 25, 2018. Retrieved August 24, 2018.
  95. ^ Tan, Tam Mei; Lee, Wen-Yi (June 4, 2018). "Trump-Kim summit: Shangri-La Hotel's vicinity declared 'special event area'". The Straits Times. from the original on June 7, 2018. Retrieved June 7, 2018.
  96. ^ Tan, Tam Mei (June 6, 2018). "Sentosa Island declared 'special event area' as well". The Straits Times. from the original on June 12, 2018. Retrieved June 7, 2018.
  97. ^ Tay, Tiffany Fumiko; Chang, May Choon; Ghosh, Nirmal (June 6, 2018). "F1 Pit Building being set up for global media". The Straits Times. from the original on June 12, 2018. Retrieved June 7, 2018.
  98. ^ Karamjit, Kaur (6 June 2018). "Restrictions on flights into Singapore during Trump-Kim summit: ICAO". The Straits Times. from the original on June 12, 2018. Retrieved June 7, 2018.
  99. ^ Kim, Jack. "Singapore to restrict airspace during U.S.-North Korea summit". Reuters. from the original on June 12, 2018. Retrieved June 7, 2018.
  100. ^ Ng, Huiwen (June 5, 2018). "Trump-Kim summit: 3 commemorative medallions depicting handshake between US and North Korea leaders unveiled". The Straits Times. from the original on June 5, 2018. Retrieved June 7, 2018.
  101. ^ . The Singapore Mint. Archived from the original on June 12, 2018. Retrieved June 12, 2018.
  102. ^ Tam Mei, Tan; Tiffany Fumiko, Tay (June 9, 2018). "Trump-Kim summit: Expect road closures and security checks". The Straits Times. from the original on June 12, 2018. Retrieved June 9, 2018.
  103. ^ Yahya, Yasmine (June 11, 2018). "Singapore footing hotel bill for North Korean contingent at Trump-Kim summit: Vivian Balakrishnan". The Straits Times. from the original on June 11, 2018. Retrieved June 12, 2018.
  104. ^ "Hosting Trump-Kim summit cost S$16.3 million; security the biggest component: MFA". from the original on July 4, 2018. Retrieved August 24, 2018.
  105. ^ (Press release). Ministry of Foreign Affairs Singapore. Archived from the original on 12 June 2018. Retrieved June 7, 2018.
  106. ^ (Press release). Ministry of Foreign Affairs Singapore. Archived from the original on 12 June 2018. Retrieved June 7, 2018.
  107. ^ Crowley, Michael; Lim, Christina; Nelson, Louis (7 June 2018). "Trump says Kim meeting will be about 'attitude', not prep work". Politico. from the original on June 8, 2018. Retrieved June 8, 2018.
  108. ^ Sim, Royston (June 10, 2018). "Trump-Kim summit will cost about $20m to host - a cost Singapore willing to pay for regional stability: PM Lee". The Straits Times. from the original on June 10, 2018. Retrieved June 11, 2018.
  109. ^ Sim, Royston; Ng, Charmaine (June 10, 2018). "Trump-Kim summit: Media centre at F1 Pit Building opens to journalists; ST booth set up with freebies". The Straits Times. from the original on June 10, 2018. Retrieved June 11, 2018.
  110. ^ "Mike Pompeo made secret trip to North Korea in early April, source confirms". NK News. April 17, 2018. from the original on April 29, 2018. Retrieved April 18, 2018.
  111. ^ Labott, Elise; Liptak, Kevin; McLaughlin, Jenna. "Secret, direct talks underway between US and North Korea". CNN. from the original on 2018-04-22. Retrieved 2018-04-07.
  112. ^ Harris, Shane; Leonnig, Carol D.; Jaffe, Greg; Nakamura, David (17 April 2018). "CIA Director Pompeo secretly met with North Korean leader Kim Jong Un over Easter weekend". Chicago Tribune. from the original on 2018-04-23. Retrieved 2018-04-18.
  113. ^ "Mongolia, Singapore are final 2 sites under consideration for Trump-Kim Jong Un meeting". CBS News. April 28, 2018. from the original on May 13, 2018. Retrieved May 14, 2018.
  114. ^ Difazio, Joe (30 April 2018). "What Is Peace House? Kim Jong Un and Trump Could Meet at Historic Site". Newsweek. from the original on May 13, 2018. Retrieved May 14, 2018.
  115. ^ "korea-summit - Google Search". from the original on 2021-02-15. Retrieved 2021-02-15.
  116. ^ "US-North Korea talks have many obstacles to overcome – starting with where to meet". South China Morning Post. April 10, 2018. from the original on April 15, 2018. Retrieved April 15, 2018.
  117. ^ Holland, Steve. "Trump says Korea's Peace House, Singapore could be Kim summit sites". Reuters. from the original on May 29, 2018. Retrieved June 3, 2018.
  118. ^ "Kim Jong Un's Swiss school days revealed". sundaytimes.lk. from the original on 2017-11-24. Retrieved 2018-04-20.
  119. ^ Labott, Elise; McLaughlin, Jenna; Liptak, Kevin. "Sticking point on Trump-Kim talks: Location, location, location". CNN. from the original on 2018-04-22. Retrieved 2018-04-19.
  120. ^ Park, David L. Caprara, Katharine H.S. Moon, and Paul (30 November 2001). "Mongolia: Potential Mediator between the Koreas and Proponent of Peace in Northeast Asia". from the original on 2018-04-22. Retrieved 2018-04-20.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  121. ^ Dierkes, Julian; Jargalsaikhan, Mendee. "8 Reasons Why Mongolia's Capital Ulaanbaatar Might Be The Place for a Trump-Kim Summit". The Diplomat. from the original on 2018-04-21. Retrieved 2018-04-20.
  122. ^ Landler, Mark (March 9, 2018). "Planning Begins for Kim Jong-un Meeting Some Trump Aides Believe Will Never Happen". The New York Times. from the original on April 22, 2018. Retrieved March 11, 2018.
  123. ^ "Trump and Kim Jong-un Likely to Meet in Border Truce Village". The Chosun Ilbo. from the original on March 12, 2018. Retrieved March 13, 2018.
  124. ^ "Profile: Kim Jong-il". BBC News. January 16, 2009. from the original on February 18, 2017. Retrieved December 28, 2011.
  125. ^ Chung, Byoung-sun (August 22, 2002). . The Chosun Ilbo. Archived from the original on March 11, 2007. Retrieved February 19, 2007.
    Sheets, Lawrence (February 12, 2004). "A Visit to Kim Jong Il's Russian Birthplace". NPR. from the original on March 14, 2007. Retrieved February 19, 2007.
  126. ^ Chandran, Nyshka (April 19, 2018). "Sweden, Mongolia, Pyongyang and more: Where a Trump-Kim summit could take place". CNBC. from the original on April 23, 2018. Retrieved April 20, 2018.
  127. ^ Landler, Mark (March 10, 2018). "Trump Kim talks: The tricky task of preparing for the summit". BBC News. from the original on June 15, 2018. Retrieved July 21, 2018.
  128. ^ Editorial. "Factbox: Where could Kim Jong Un meet Donald Trump?". Reuters. from the original on 2018-05-01. Retrieved 2018-03-13.
  129. ^ Collins, Kaitlan (May 10, 2018). "Trump officials prepare for Singapore summit with North Korea". CNN. from the original on May 10, 2018. Retrieved May 14, 2018.
  130. ^ "Trump-Kim Jong-un summit set for Singapore on 12 June". BBC News. from the original on May 13, 2018. Retrieved May 14, 2018.
  131. ^ Lee, Yen Nee (June 8, 2018). "White House explains why it chose Singapore to host summit with North Korea". CNBC. from the original on June 12, 2018. Retrieved June 12, 2018.
  132. ^ Diamond, Jeremy (May 10, 2018). "Trump announces North Korea summit will be in Singapore". CNN. from the original on May 13, 2018. Retrieved May 14, 2018.
  133. ^ Nakamura, David; Wagner, John (May 10, 2018). "Trump announces June 12 summit in Singapore with North Korean leader". The Washington Post. from the original on May 10, 2018. Retrieved May 10, 2018.
  134. ^ Kim, Jack. "Trump, Kim summit in Singapore presents logistical challenges for North Korea". Reuters. from the original on 2018-05-14. Retrieved 2018-05-13.
  135. ^ Kaur, Karamjit (May 11, 2018). "Singapore confirmed as host of historic summit between Donald Trump and Kim Jong Un on June 12". The Straits Times. from the original on May 10, 2018. Retrieved May 11, 2018.
  136. ^ "Istana may host Trump-Kim summit: Report". The Straits Times. May 29, 2018. from the original on June 3, 2018. Retrieved June 3, 2018.
  137. ^ Ng, Huiwen (May 11, 2018). "Trump-Kim summit in Singapore a significant step on the path to peace: PM Lee". The Straits Times. from the original on May 17, 2018. Retrieved May 17, 2018.
  138. ^ "US-North Korea summit: Singapore preparing to be good host, says Ng Eng Hen". Channel NewsAsia. June 3, 2018. from the original on June 12, 2018. Retrieved June 3, 2018.
  139. ^ Huiwen, Ng (June 1, 2018). "Where will the Trump-Kim summit take place? Singapore hotel, Gardens by the Bay among options in ST reader poll". The Straits Times. from the original on June 1, 2018. Retrieved June 3, 2018.
  140. ^ Diamond, Jeremy (June 5, 2018). "Trump-Kim Singapore summit venue is set". CNN. from the original on June 5, 2018. Retrieved June 5, 2018.
  141. ^ "US 'not paying' for North Korean officials' stay in Singapore: Report". Channel NewsAsia. from the original on June 12, 2018. Retrieved June 12, 2018.
  142. ^ Siddiqui, Sabrina; Pengelly, Martin (June 9, 2018). "Trump: I'll know whether Kim summit will be successful 'in first minute'". The Guardian. from the original on June 12, 2018. Retrieved June 12, 2018.
  143. ^ Watkins, Eli. "Trump: Kim has a 'one-time shot'". CNN. from the original on June 11, 2018. Retrieved June 12, 2018.
  144. ^ "WATCH: President Trump Press Conference at G7 Summit in Charlevoix, Quebec, Canada". Right Side Broadcasting Network. June 9, 2018. from the original on June 12, 2018. Retrieved June 12, 2018 – via YouTube.
  145. ^ "Kim Jong-un arrives in Singapore ahead of landmark summit". Al Jazeera. from the original on June 12, 2018. Retrieved June 12, 2018.
  146. ^ a b "Trump-Kim summit: Kim Jong Un's Air China ride is Chinese Premier Li Keqiang's private jet, says Apple Daily". The Straits Times. June 11, 2018. from the original on June 11, 2018. Retrieved June 11, 2018.
  147. ^ "Trump has to fly to Canada for the G7 and he's not exactly happy about it". The Independent. from the original on June 13, 2018. Retrieved June 9, 2018.
  148. ^ Ghosh, Nirmal (June 9, 2018). "Trump may leave G-7 early for Singapore amid trade dispute". The Straits Times. from the original on June 12, 2018. Retrieved June 9, 2018.
  149. ^ Yong, Jeremy Au (June 10, 2018). "Trump-Kim summit: Trump's Air Force One lands at Paya Lebar Airbase". The Straits Times. from the original on June 11, 2018. Retrieved June 10, 2018.
  150. ^ "North Korea's Kim Jong Un expected to land at Changi Airport on Sunday: Source". The Straits Times. June 8, 2018. from the original on June 9, 2018. Retrieved June 9, 2018.
  151. ^ "Trump, Kim Land in Singapore". Financial Tribune. June 11, 2018. from the original on June 12, 2018. Retrieved June 11, 2018.
  152. ^ Kaur, Karamjit (June 10, 2018). "Trump-Kim summit: North Korea leader Kim Jong Un arrives in Singapore, welcomed by Foreign Minister Vivian Balakrishnan". The Straits Times. from the original on June 10, 2018. Retrieved June 10, 2018.
  153. ^ Kaur, Karamjit (June 9, 2018). "Trump-Kim summit: Chiller trucks to ferry food supplies from Changi Airport to St Regis for Kim Jong Un". The Straits Times. from the original on June 9, 2018. Retrieved June 9, 2018.
  154. ^ "Trump-Kim summit in Singapore: Live blog". The Straits Times. from the original on June 12, 2018. Retrieved June 10, 2018.
  155. ^ "Singapore gears up to host Trump-Kim summit". ABC News. June 6, 2018. from the original on June 6, 2018. Retrieved June 7, 2018.
  156. ^ Mohamad Salleh, Nur Asyiqin (June 10, 2018). "North Korean leader Kim Jong Un meets Prime Minister Lee Hsien Loong ahead of Trump-Kim summit". The Straits Times. from the original on June 11, 2018. Retrieved June 10, 2018.
  157. ^ Wai, Albert. "Trump, in meeting with PM Lee, thanks S'pore for its hospitality and friendship". TODAYonline. from the original on June 12, 2018. Retrieved June 11, 2018.
  158. ^ "Meeting between Prime Minister Lee Hsien Loong and the 45th President of the United States Donald J Trump, 11 June 2018". Ministry of Foreign Affairs Singapore. from the original on 22 November 2018. Retrieved June 11, 2018.
  159. ^ Bei Yi, Seow (June 11, 2018). "Trump-Kim summit: US, North Korean officials meet for working-level talks". The Straits Times. from the original on June 12, 2018. Retrieved June 11, 2018.
  160. ^ Holland, Steve; Van der Perre, Christopher. "Trump upbeat ahead of North Korean summit; Kim visits Singapore sites". Reuters. from the original on June 10, 2018. Retrieved June 11, 2018.
  161. ^ Balakrishnan, Vivian [@VivianBala] (June 11, 2018). "Vivian Balakrishnan on Twitter: "Happy to see FM Ri again for a quick meeting here in MFA, just four days after he kindly hosted me in Pyongyang!"" (Tweet) – via Twitter.
  162. ^ Department of State [@StateDept] (June 11, 2018). "Department of State on Twitter: ".@SecPompeo joined @POTUS in thanking our team at @RedWhiteBlueDot and @COMLOG_WESTPAC for their hard work on behalf of the American people.… https://t.co/U14BXsNh0k"" (Tweet) – via Twitter.
  163. ^ May Choon, Chang (June 11, 2018). "Trump-Kim summit: South Korea's Moon Jae In hopes for bold decisions and miraculous result". The Straits Times. from the original on June 12, 2018. Retrieved June 11, 2018.
  164. ^ Sim, Walter (June 11, 2018). "Opening of North Korea economy will greatly benefit Asia-Pacific: Japanese PM Shinzo Abe". The Straits Times. from the original on June 12, 2018. Retrieved June 11, 2018.
  165. ^ Carungcong, Trixia Enriquez (June 11, 2018). "Trump-Kim Summit: US willing to offer North Korea 'unique' security guarantees in exchange for denuclearisation, says Pompeo". The Straits Times. from the original on June 12, 2018. Retrieved June 11, 2018.
  166. ^ Ji, Dagyum (June 11, 2018). "Moon will not travel to Singapore during DPRK-U.S. summit: ROK official". NK News. from the original on June 12, 2018. Retrieved June 11, 2018.
  167. ^ "Kim Jong Un explores Singapore's Gardens by the Bay, Marina Bay Sands on night before summit". Channel NewsAsia. from the original on June 12, 2018. Retrieved June 11, 2018.
  168. ^ Kian Beng, Kor; Lai, Linette (June 11, 2018). "North Korean leader Kim Jong Un visiting several Singapore attractions on Monday night". The Straits Times. from the original on June 11, 2018. Retrieved June 11, 2018.
  169. ^ "Dennis Rodman says he will be in Singapore for Trump-Kim summit". Channel NewsAsia. from the original on June 12, 2018. Retrieved June 9, 2018.
  170. ^ "Rodman arrives in Singapore ahead of summit". ESPN. 11 June 2018. from the original on June 12, 2018. Retrieved June 12, 2018.
  171. ^ . Channel NewsAsia. Archived from the original on June 12, 2018. Retrieved June 12, 2018.
  172. ^ McCarthy (Now), Tom; Weaver, Matthew; Lyons (Earlier), Kate (12 June 2018). "Trump-Kim summit: US and North Korean leaders shake hands at Singapore meeting – live". The Guardian. from the original on June 12, 2018. Retrieved June 12, 2018.
  173. ^ "US President Trump, North Korean leader Kim meet at historic Singapore summit". Channel NewsAsia. from the original on June 12, 2018. Retrieved June 12, 2018.
  174. ^ Jeremy Au, Yong; Dawn Wei, Tan (June 12, 2018). "Trump-Kim summit: Leaders sign 'comprehensive' document; Kim says world will see major change". The Straits Times. from the original on June 12, 2018. Retrieved June 13, 2018.
  175. ^ Gstalter, Morgan (12 June 2018). "Trump on lack of notes from Kim meeting: 'I have one of the great memories of all time'". The Hill. from the original on June 14, 2018. Retrieved June 14, 2018.
  176. ^ Au Yong, Jeremy; Dawn Wei, Tan (June 12, 2018). "Trump-Kim summit: Kim Jong Un gave unwavering commitment to denuclearisation, says Trump". The Straits Times. from the original on June 12, 2018. Retrieved June 12, 2018.
  177. ^ "What's for lunch? Trump, Kim summit menu a blend of Western, Asian flavors". Reuters. June 11, 2018. from the original on June 12, 2018. Retrieved June 12, 2018.
  178. ^ a b Rosenfeld, Everett (June 12, 2018). "Document signed by Trump and Kim includes four main elements related to 'peace regime'". CNBC. from the original on June 12, 2018. Retrieved June 12, 2018.
  179. ^ "Joint Statement of President Donald J. Trump of the United States of America and Chairman Kim Jong Un of the Democratic People's Republic of Korea at the Singapore Summit". The White House. from the original on January 20, 2021. Retrieved June 12, 2018.
  180. ^ Allen, Jonathan. "Trump puts Korean war games on hold after summit meeting with Kim". NBC News. from the original on June 11, 2018. Retrieved June 12, 2018.
  181. ^ "Full Text: Trump-Kim Agreement signed after historic Singapore Summit". USAHint. New York. June 13, 2018. from the original on June 13, 2018. Retrieved June 13, 2018.
  182. ^ "Trump contradicts US military stance on Korea war games". Associated Press. June 13, 2018. from the original on June 13, 2018. Retrieved June 13, 2018.
  183. ^ "'Another blow to allies': Trump to stop 'war games'". MSNBC. from the original on June 12, 2018. Retrieved June 12, 2018.
  184. ^ Cloud, David S. (June 12, 2018). "Trump's decision to halt military exercises with South Korea leaves Pentagon and allies nervous". Los Angeles Times. from the original on June 13, 2018. Retrieved June 12, 2018.
  185. ^ "North Korean leader Kim Jong Un set to leave Singapore on Tuesday night". The Straits Times. from the original on June 12, 2018. Retrieved June 12, 2018.
  186. ^ Sullivan, Eileen (June 13, 2018). "Trump Says 'There Is No Longer a Nuclear Threat' After Kim Jong-un Meeting". The New York Times. from the original on June 14, 2018. Retrieved June 14, 2018.
  187. ^ "Notice Regarding the Continuation of the National Emergency with Respect to North Korea". from the original on January 20, 2021. Retrieved June 22, 2018.
  188. ^ Bush, George W. (June 26, 2008). "Executive Order 13466: Continuing Certain Restrictions With Respect to North Korea and North Korean Nationals". from the original on June 23, 2018. Retrieved November 13, 2018. {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help)
  189. ^ BBC, NEWS (2018-09-26). "North Korea: Trump expects second Kim summit soon". bbc.com/. from the original on 2018-09-28. Retrieved 2018-09-28.
  190. ^ a b "Trump to Insist Kim Make First Move in Form of Nuclear Timeline". Bloomberg.com. Bloomberg L.P. June 6, 2018. from the original on June 6, 2018. Retrieved June 7, 2018.
  191. ^ "Bolton takes back seat, but remains a looming presence for the North Korea summit". CNBC. June 6, 2018. from the original on June 7, 2018. Retrieved June 7, 2018.
  192. ^ a b c d "Kim Jong Un Leaves for Singapore". Korean Central News Agency. June 11, 2018. from the original on December 2, 2016. Retrieved June 11, 2018.
  193. ^ a b c Lee Jeong-ho; Jaipragas, Bhavan; Zhou, Laura (10 June 2018). "Kim tells Singapore's PM: 'Entire world is watching historic summit'". South China Morning Post. from the original on June 10, 2018. Retrieved June 10, 2018.
  194. ^ Tarabay, Jamie. "Kim Jong Un arrives in Singapore for historic summit". CNN. from the original on June 10, 2018. Retrieved June 10, 2018.
  195. ^ a b c d "The team Trump is taking to Singapore". BBC News. June 7, 2018. from the original on June 13, 2018. Retrieved June 9, 2018.
  196. ^ "Trump and Kim to separately meet Singapore's prime minister ahead of summit". CNBC. June 9, 2018. from the original on June 10, 2018. Retrieved June 10, 2018.
  197. ^ a b c d e f g Dawn Wei, Tan (June 11, 2018). "Trump thanks PM Lee for Singapore's hospitality, thinks Trump-Kim summit will 'work out nicely'". The Straits Times. from the original on June 11, 2018. Retrieved June 11, 2018.
  198. ^ Seok Hwai, Lee (June 11, 2018). "Notes from an island: White House press corps covering Trump-Kim summit sketches 'spotless' Singapore". The Straits Times. from the original on June 11, 2018. Retrieved June 12, 2018.
  199. ^ Hunter, Molly (June 12, 2018). "The world watched: Trump-Kim summit drew global reaction, with many expressing cautious hope". ABC News. from the original on 5 August 2018. Retrieved 5 August 2018.
  200. ^ Landler, Mark (June 12, 2018). "The Trump-Kim Summit Was Unprecedented, but the Statement Was Vague". The New York Times. from the original on June 14, 2018. Retrieved June 15, 2018.
  201. ^ . The Japan News. Reuters. June 13, 2018. Archived from the original on June 14, 2018. Retrieved June 15, 2018.
  202. ^ . NHK World-Japan. June 14, 2018. Archived from the original on June 15, 2018. Retrieved June 15, 2018.
  203. ^ "Major US military exercises with South Korea 'suspended indefinitely'". Channel NewsAsia. June 15, 2018. from the original on June 15, 2018. Retrieved June 15, 2018.
  204. ^ "Anti-U.S. souvenirs disappear from tourist shops in North Korea: sources". NK News. June 20, 2018. from the original on June 20, 2018. Retrieved June 20, 2018.
  205. ^ "2 South Korean media personnel arrested for trespassing home of North Korean envoy in Singapore". Channel NewsAsia. from the original on June 12, 2018. Retrieved June 9, 2018.
  206. ^ "South Korea's KBS apologises after 2 reporters arrested in Singapore ahead of Trump-Kim summit". The Straits Times. June 9, 2018. from the original on June 9, 2018. Retrieved June 9, 2018.
  207. ^ "Singapore deports KBS staff as security tightens around Trump-Kim summit". Channel NewsAsia. from the original on June 12, 2018. Retrieved June 10, 2018.
  208. ^ "South Korean women arrested near St Regis hotel for holding protests". Channel NewsAsia. from the original on June 13, 2018. Retrieved June 13, 2018.
  209. ^ Cheng, Kenneth. "5 South Korean protesters arrested near St Regis hotel under Public Order Act". TODAYonline. from the original on June 13, 2018. Retrieved June 13, 2018.
  210. ^ a b nytimes.com-22 Aug 2018: "Why Should North Korea Give Up Its Nuclear Weapons? 2018-08-27 at the Wayback Machine"
  211. ^ voanews.com 27 July 2018: Mattis: No Decision on Fate of Korean Peninsula Exercises 2018-08-29 at the Wayback Machine
  212. ^ english.yonhapnews.co.kr - 5 Aug 2018: N. Korean minister says U.S. is backtracking on Sentosa deal 2018-08-05 at the Wayback Machine
  213. ^ vox.com - 5 Aug 2018: Exclusive: Pompeo told North Korea to cut its nuclear arsenal by 60 to 70 percent 2018-08-09 at the Wayback Machine
  214. ^ english.hani.co.kr - 5 Aug 2018: North Korean foreign minister releases statement denouncing unilateral denuclearization 2018-08-09 at the Wayback Machine
  215. ^ Li, Narangoa; Cribb, Robert (2014). Historical Atlas of Northeast Asia, 1590–2010: Korea, Manchuria, Mongolia, Eastern Siberia. Columbia University Press. p. 194. ISBN 978-0231160704. from the original on 4 July 2017.
  216. ^ a b RT AMERICA - 5 Aug 2018: North Korea will only denuclearize if there is a peace treaty says, antiwar organizer, 2019-08-03 at the Wayback Machine
  217. ^ nationalinterest.org - 5 Aug 2018: Ending the Korean War Is in the National Interest, 2018-08-09 at the Wayback Machine
  218. ^ Smith, Josh (24 June 2018). "North Korea appears to be getting rid of its anti-American propaganda after the Trump-Kim summit". Business Insider. Reuters. from the original on 18 August 2019. Retrieved 18 August 2019.
  219. ^ Cha Song Ho; Eric Talmadge; Hyung-jin Kim (25 June 2018). "North Korea cancels annual 'anti-US' rally as relations improve". The Independent. from the original on 14 August 2019. Retrieved 18 August 2019.
  220. ^ Harris, Gardiner; Sang-Hun, Choe (7 July 2018). "North Korea Criticizes 'Gangster-Like' U.S. Attitude After Talks With Mike Pompeo". The New York Times. from the original on 13 August 2019. Retrieved 18 August 2019.
  221. ^ "Kim's Letter to President Trump". July 6, 2018. from the original on February 14, 2021. Retrieved July 13, 2018.
  222. ^ Michelle Kosinski; Zachary Cohen (23 August 2018). "Pompeo names special representative, announces the fourth trip to North Korea". CNN. from the original on August 24, 2018. Retrieved August 24, 2018.
  223. ^ Jeremy Diamond; Zachary Cohen (24 August 2018). "Trump says Pompeo won't go to North Korea". CNN. from the original on August 24, 2018. Retrieved August 24, 2018.
  224. ^ Ward, Alex (28 August 2018). "Here's the real reason Trump canceled Pompeo's North Korea trip". vox.com. from the original on August 29, 2018. Retrieved August 29, 2018.
  225. ^ Rigin, JOSH. "Why Trump canceled Pompeo's trip to North Korea". www.washingtonpost.com. from the original on August 29, 2018. Retrieved August 29, 2018.
  226. ^ Ripley, Will; McKirdy, Euan (28 August 2018). "North Korea warns Pompeo denuclearization talks are 'at stake,' sources say". edition.cnn.com. from the original on August 29, 2018. Retrieved August 29, 2018.
  227. ^ "South Korea urges continued U.S.-North Korea talks despite cancellation of Pompeo trip". Washington Post. from the original on 2018-08-27. Retrieved 2018-08-27.
  228. ^ Sang-Hun, Choe (August 25, 2018). "Trump's Cancellation of Pompeo Trip Dashes Hopes in South Korea". The New York Times. from the original on October 30, 2018. Retrieved March 3, 2019.
  229. ^ . The Washington Post. Archived from the original on June 27, 2018. Retrieved June 28, 2018.
  230. ^ "Efforts to repatriate US war remains from North Korea". The Global and Mail. July 15, 2018. from the original on July 19, 2018. Retrieved July 15, 2018.
  231. ^ BBC "North Korea returns US troops slain in the Korean War". July 27, 2018. from the original on July 27, 2018. Retrieved July 27, 2018.
  232. ^ NYTIMES Sang-Hun, Choe (August 3, 2018). "Remains of 55 U.S. War Dead in North Korea Start Journey Home After 65 Years". The New York Times. from the original on August 4, 2018. Retrieved August 4, 2018.
  233. ^ a b Macias, Amanda (August 2, 2018). "Remains from North Korea 'consistent' with being American, Pentagon says". www.CNBC.com. from the original on July 20, 2019. Retrieved March 3, 2019.
  234. ^ Brook, Tom Vanden. "Korean War remains returned by North Korea could take years to identify, Pentagon says". USA TODAY. from the original on 2018-08-05. Retrieved 2018-08-05.
  235. ^ . Archived from the original on 2018-08-03. Retrieved 2018-08-05.
  236. ^ "Remains from North Korea likely American soldiers who fought at Chosin Reservoir". ABC News. from the original on 2018-08-05. Retrieved 2018-08-05.
  237. ^ "Trump praises North Korea's shutdown of West Sea Satellite Launching Station". The Hankyoreh. from the original on March 17, 2019. Retrieved March 3, 2019.
  238. ^ "U.S. identifies North Korea missile test site it says Kim committed to destroy". Reuters. June 21, 2018. from the original on August 14, 2018. Retrieved August 14, 2018.
  239. ^ "President Moon confirms shutdown of rockets site". July 26, 2018. from the original on July 27, 2018. Retrieved July 27, 2018.
  240. ^ "Dismantling Key Facilities at the Sohae Satellite Launching Station". July 23, 2018. from the original on August 7, 2018. Retrieved August 9, 2018.
April 11, 2024
2018, north, korea, united, states, singapore, summit, 2019, trump, summit, 2019, north, korea, united, states, hanoi, summit, singapore, summit, redirects, here, 2015, summit, between, leaders, mainland, china, taiwan, meeting, commonly, known, singapore, sum. For the 2019 Trump Kim summit see 2019 North Korea United States Hanoi Summit Singapore summit redirects here For the 2015 summit between leaders of mainland China and Taiwan see Ma Xi meeting The 2018 North Korea United States Singapore Summit commonly known as the Singapore Summit was a summit meeting between North Korean Chairman Kim Jong Un and U S President Donald Trump 4 held at the Capella Hotel Sentosa Singapore on June 12 2018 It was the first ever meeting between leaders of North Korea and the United States They signed a joint statement agreeing to security guarantees for North Korea new peaceful relations the denuclearization of the Korean Peninsula recovery of soldiers remains and follow up negotiations between high level officials Both leaders also met separately with Singaporean Prime Minister Lee Hsien Loong 5 2018 North Korea United States Singapore SummitSingapore SummitLogo used by the United States 1 Logo used by Singapore 2 Kim Jong Un and Donald Trump shaking hands at the start of the summitHost country SingaporeDate12 June 201809 00 SGT 01 00 UTC Venue s Capella Resort Sentosa 3 ParticipantsDonald Trump Kim Jong UnPrecedes2019 North Korea United States Hanoi Summit2018 North Korea United States Singapore SummitNorth Korean nameChosŏn gŭl조미 수뇌상봉Hancha朝美 首腦相逢TranscriptionsRevised RomanizationJomi sunoesangbongMcCune ReischauerChomi sunoesangbongSouth Korean nameHangul북미 정상회담Hanja北美 頂上會談TranscriptionsRevised RomanizationBungmi jeongsanghoedamMcCune ReischauerPungmi jŏngsanghoedamImmediately following the summit Trump announced that the U S military would discontinue provocative joint military exercises with South Korea and stated that he wished to bring the U S soldiers back home at some point but reinforced that it was not part of the Singapore equation 6 7 On August 1 2018 the U S Senate passed the military budget bill for 2019 forbidding funding the reduction of active United States Forces Korea personnel below 22 000 significant removal of US forces was considered a non negotiable item in denuclearization talks with the North 8 After a period of heightened conflict that included North Korea successfully testing what it claimed was its first hydrogen bomb and the Hwasong 15 intercontinental ballistic missile ICBM in late 2017 tensions began to de escalate after Kim Jong Un announced his desire to send athletes to the 2018 Winter Olympics being held in South Korea During the games Kim proposed talks with South Korea to plan an inter Korean summit On March 8 the South Korean delegation returned from the talks and traveled to the United States to deliver an invitation by Kim Jong Un to Donald Trump for a meeting High level exchanges between the two sides then took place including a visit by then CIA Director Mike Pompeo to Pyongyang and a visit by Kim Yong chol Vice Chairman of the Workers Party of Korea to the White House Both sides threatened to cancel the summit after a round of joint military exercises by the U S and South Korea with Trump even delivering a formal letter to Kim to call off the meeting however the two sides eventually agreed to meet 9 A second meeting was held between Trump and Kim in February 2019 in Hanoi Vietnam Contents 1 Background 2 Announcement 3 Preparations 3 1 Preparatory talks 3 2 Kim Jong un s meeting with Xi Jinping 3 3 Announcement within North Korea 3 4 Proposed conditions by North Korea 3 5 April 2018 inter Korean summit 3 6 Release of the American detainees 3 7 Tensions cancellation and reinstatement 3 8 US South Korea summit 3 9 Closure of Punggye ri Nuclear Test Site 3 10 Replacement of North Korean generals 3 11 May 2018 inter Korean summit 3 12 Potential denuclearization process 3 13 Logistical preparations 3 14 Diplomatic preparations 3 15 Media center 4 Meeting location 4 1 Background 4 2 Locations considered 4 3 Announcement on holding the talks in Singapore 5 Pre summit events 5 1 Leaders arrivals 5 2 Working level meetings 5 3 Pre summit activities 5 3 1 Trump s activities 5 3 2 US press briefing 5 3 3 South Korea press briefing 5 3 4 Kim s tour of Singapore 5 3 5 Dennis Rodman 6 Summit meeting 6 1 One to one meeting 6 2 Expanded bilateral meeting and working lunch 6 3 Joint signing ceremony 6 4 US news conference 6 5 End of summit 7 Delegations in attendance 7 1 Participants in the expanded bilateral meeting 7 2 Other delegates 8 Reactions 9 Incidents 10 Aftermath 10 1 Progress of joint statement 10 2 Removed anti American propaganda in DPRK 10 3 Pompeo s subsequent visits to North Korea 10 4 Return of remains of US soldiers 10 5 Shutdown of ICBM assembly facility near Pyongyang 10 6 Destruction of missile test site 10 7 Negotiation process between US and DPRK 10 8 Questions about missile development 11 Second U S North Korean Summit 12 See also 13 References 14 External linksBackground editSee also North Korea United States relations nbsp USS Carl Vinson carrier strike group and South Korean Navy vessels having a joint exercise on May 3 2017The Koreas have been divided since 1945 The Korean War of 1950 1953 ended with an armistice agreement but not a peace settlement A sporadic conflict has continued with American troops remaining in the South as part of a mutual defense treaty The North began building a nuclear reactor in 1963 and it began a nuclear weapons program in the 1980s North Korea first committed to denuclearization in 1992 in the Joint Declaration of the Denuclearization of the Korean Peninsula In a speech authored by David Frum President George W Bush referred to North Korea as part of an axis of evil during his 2002 State of the Union address 10 but in the 2005 Joint Statement of the Fourth Round of the Six Party Talks North Korea reaffirmed the 1992 Joint Declaration and the goal of verifiable denuclearization of the Korean Peninsula In 2008 North Korea voluntarily gave information on its nuclear program in exchange for sanction relief and they were taken off the State Sponsors of Terrorism list Despite this nuclear inspectors were barred from surveying any North Korean weapons facilities 11 The Obama administration had a policy of strategic patience in which perceived North Korean provocations would not be rewarded with presidential attention or the sending of high level envoys but instead be punished with sanctions and greater military coordination with South Korea and Japan 12 More nuclear tests were conducted in the succeeding years and the 2010 bombardment of Yeonpyeong markedly raised tensions between North Korea and South Korea The escalation of North Korea s nuclear program advanced particularly under the rule of Kim Jong Un who became the leader in December 2011 after his father Kim Jong Il died 10 Donald Trump was elected US president in 2016 with a position of opposition to Barack Obama s policy of strategic patience towards North Korea While advocating a tough stance he also expressed openness to dialogue saying he would be prepared to eat a hamburger with Kim He put himself at odds with military allies saying that it would be better if South Korea and Japan protect themselves In return a pro North Korean website DPRK Today described him as a wise politician 13 The editorial suggested that Trump might make the slogan Yankee go home a reality 14 In 2017 Moon Jae in was elected President of South Korea with a promise to return to the Sunshine Policy of friendly relations with the North 15 nbsp Artist s conception of the Hwasong 15 on its mobile launch vehicle depicted to scaleDuring a period of heightened tensions with the United States North Korea successfully tested its first intercontinental ballistic missile ICBM named Hwasong 14 in July 2017 16 In response to heightened North Korean rhetoric Trump warned that any North Korean attack will be met with fire fury and frankly power the likes of which the world has never seen before In response North Korea announced that it was considering a missile test in which the missiles would land near the US territory of Guam 17 18 North Korea tested what some sources argued may have been its first hydrogen bomb on September 3 19 The test was internationally condemned and further economic sanctions were put on North Korea 20 The United States also added North Korea back to its State Sponsors of Terrorism list after nine years 21 On November 28 North Korea launched the Hwasong 15 which according to analysts would be capable of reaching anywhere in the United States 22 The United Nations responded by placing further sanctions on the country 23 After North Korea claimed that the missile was capable of carrying a super heavy nuclear warhead and hitting the whole mainland of the U S Kim Jong Un announced that they had finally realized the great historic cause of completing the state nuclear force 24 putting them in a position of strength to push the United States into talks 25 nbsp Moon Jae in standing lower left with the North Korean representatives upper right and U S Vice President Mike Pence lower right at the PyeongChang OlympicsIn his New Year address of 2018 North Korean chairman Kim Jong Un celebrated completing the countries nuclear capabilities and proposed talks for sending a delegation to the upcoming Winter Olympics in South Korea 26 In January a false missile alert alarmed Hawaii 27 The Seoul Pyongyang hotline was reopened after almost two years 28 North Korea sent an unprecedentedly high authority delegation headed by Kim Yo jong sister of Kim Jong Un and Chairman of the Presidium of the Supreme People s Assembly Kim Yong nam and including performers like the Samjiyon Orchestra 29 The delegation passed on an invitation to President Moon to visit North Korea 29 The United States was represented by Vice President Mike Pence After arriving late to a dinner hosted by President Moon he was asked to greet the other dignitaries but he shook hands with everyone except Kim Yong nam and left early 30 31 32 North and South Korean athletes marched together in the Olympics opening ceremony and fielded a united women s ice hockey team 33 Announcement edit nbsp Chung Eui yong left the South Korean national security chief and Kim Jong un meeting in Pyongyang on March 5 2018 Kim is holding a letter from President Moon Jae in arranging for direct peace talks On March 5 2018 South Korea s special delegation agreed to hold the third inter Korean summit at Inter Korean Peace House in Panmunjom on April 27 2018 34 On March 6 after returning to South Korea the national security adviser Chung Eui yong and National Information Director Suh Hoon traveled to the United States on March 8 to report to Trump about the upcoming inter Korean summit and relayed to President Trump the North Korean chairman Kim Jong Un s invitation 35 Trump endorsed the North Korea United States summit about an hour after receiving the report The South Korean National Security Adviser SKNS Mr Jeong briefed the public that the North Korea United States summit would be held sometime in May 2018 36 nbsp ROK President Moon Jae in and US President Donald Trump November 2017The White House announced that the UN Sanctions would remain in place until an agreement between the United States and North Korea is reached 37 On March 6 Sarah Sanders said that the White House would need to see concrete and verifiable steps toward the denuclearization of North Korea before Trump would meet with Kim Jong Un Later that day an unidentified Trump official told The Wall Street Journal that Trump had still accepted Kim Jong Un s invitation 38 South Korea s national security adviser Chung Eui yong visited China on March 12 to meet with the Chinese leader Xi Jinping of the foreign officials and report on the planned inter Korean summit as well as the North Korea United States summit and asked their advice 39 Russia on March 14 2018 for explaining North Korea and the United States Visit Summary seeking guidance for upcoming 2018 inter Korean summit 40 National Information Director Suh Hoon visited Japan and had a consultation with Prime Minister Shinzō Abe including the foreign officials about the denuclearization and Permanent Peace on the Korean Peninsula 41 42 Preparations editPreparatory talks edit South Korea s foreign ministry announced on March 18 that selected informal delegations from North Korea South Korea and the US would meet for denuclearization discussions in April in Vantaa Finland This type of discussions as held previously had sometimes been referred to as track 2 talks 43 According to South Korea s Yonhap news Choe Kang il a deputy director general for North American affairs at North Korea s foreign ministry would also attend the event which Yonhap termed track 1 5 talks 44 Kim Jong un s meeting with Xi Jinping edit Main article Kim Xi meetings North Korea s supreme leader Kim was in Beijing on March 25 28 2018 arriving by special train for talks with China s paramount leader Xi Jinping Kim s first known out of country excursion since taking power six years previously 45 China stated that North Korea was committed to denuclearization and willing to hold a summit with the United States 46 47 It was organized by the invitation of Xi During the meeting between two leaders Kim officially invited Xi to the North Korean capital Pyongyang when it was convenient in his schedule and Xi accepted the invitation 48 Xi urged Kim to strengthen the strategic and diplomatic future partnership between China and North Korea Kim stressed to Xi that North Korea and China are communist countries and that there are many ways to cooperate in various aspects in the future 49 50 Kim and Xi met again on May 7 2018 in the city of Dalian China 51 Announcement within North Korea edit According to North Korea s state media Korean Central News Agency KCNA Kim led a meeting of the ruling Workers Party of Korea s political bureau on April 9 2018 where he spoke about the planned summit with Trump for the first time 52 Proposed conditions by North Korea edit On April 11 North Korea presented five entreaties as conditions for the dismissal of their nuclear capable ICBMs Ensuring the United States and South Korea do not locate nuclear weapons strategic assets within the vicinity of the Korean Peninsula 53 Ceasing development or operation of strategic nuclear assets during USFK ROK combined military training Ensuring the United States will not attack North Korea with conventional or nuclear weapons Converting the 1953 Korean Armistice Agreement into a peace treaty on the Korean Peninsula Establishing official diplomatic ties between North Korea and the United States Although North Korea was previously expected to request the withdrawal of United States Forces Korea USFK from South Korea North Korea publicized they would embrace the continuous deployment of 25 000 USFK troops in South Korea as long as the security of North Korea is guaranteed 54 April 2018 inter Korean summit edit Main article April 2018 inter Korean summit nbsp Kim and President of South Korea Moon Jae in shake hands in greeting in an initiating gesture for the April 2018 inter Korean summit At an inter Korean summit on April 27 2018 held at the Peace House in Panmunjom the leaders of North and South Korea agreed to formally end the Korean War before the end of the year and confirmed the goal of a nuclear free Korean Peninsula through denuclearization 55 Release of the American detainees edit nbsp President Donald J Trump and First Lady Melania Trump welcome home three American returnees from North Korea On May 10 2018 three Americans held by North Korea were released following negotiations between the Trump administration and the North Korean regime Some have speculated that their release was part of an attempt of the regime to motivate the US to continue the negotiations and perhaps ease the pressure upon the North Koreans Nevertheless their release has managed to ease the tensions between the Trump administration and the North Korean regime enabling both sides to proceed to further negotiations possibly leading to the 2018 North Korea United States summit 56 The three Americans Kim Dong Chul Kim Sang duk and Kim Hak song left North Korea accompanied by Secretary of State Mike Pompeo and were greeted by the president and the first lady upon their landing on US soil at Joint Base Andrews in Maryland 56 Tensions cancellation and reinstatement edit nbsp A commemorative coin released on May 21 by the White House Communications Agency for the summit 57 nbsp Letter sent to North Korean leader Kim Jong un by US President Donald Trump informing Kim of the cancellation of the summitAmerican Vice President Mike Pence said on May 21 2018 that this will only end like the Libyan model ended if Kim Jong un doesn t make a deal to dismantle his nuclear weapons program Trump had made similar remarks on May 17 as he described that Libya s fate is what will take place if we don t make a deal These comments were in reference to the killing of Libyan leader Muammar Gaddafi after military intervention by Americans and Europeans in 2011 58 After a NATO airstrike prevented Gaddafi s escape the Libyan rebels captured assaulted sodomized 59 and executed Gaddafi However Libya under Gaddafi had already in 2003 voluntarily ended its nuclear weapons program and complied with conditions set by Western powers 60 As a result North Korean vice foreign minister Choe Son hui called Pence s remarks ignorant and stupid and threatened a nuclear to nuclear showdown 58 61 62 Trump canceled the summit on May 24 2018 via a letter to Chairman Kim writing that based on the tremendous anger and open hostility displayed in your most recent statement I feel it is inappropriate at this time to have this long planned meeting You talk about your nuclear capabilities but ours are so massive and powerful that I pray to God they will never have to be used Even though it was Trump who decided to cancel Trump told Kim If you change your mind having to do with this most important summit please do not hesitate to call me or write 63 64 South Korean President Moon was left very perplexed by Trump s cancellation while the South Korean minister in charge of inter Korean affairs Cho Myoung gyon said that North Korea remains sincere on efforts on denuclearization and peace building 65 In response to Trump s cancellation North Korean vice foreign minister Kim Kye gwan expressed his country s willingness to sit down face to face with the US and resolve issues anytime and in any format being open minded in giving time and opportunity to the US for the peace and stability for the world and the Korean Peninsula 65 Trump s cancellation had come on the day North Korea had detonated explosives at its only known nuclear test site at Punggye ri in front of international journalists North Korea claimed that this would have demolished the test site 66 On May 25 however Trump announced that the summit could resume as scheduled following a very nice statement he received from North Korea and that talks were now resuming 67 The following day White House Press Secretary Sarah Sanders confirmed in a statement that a pre advance team for Singapore will leave as scheduled in order to prepare the summit should take place The team consisting of about thirty staffers from both the White House and State Department met with North Korean counterparts over Memorial Day weekend 68 nbsp Kim Yong chol met with Pompeo on May 30 and with Trump on June 1 On May 30 North Korean general Kim Yong chol arrived in New York City to meet with US Secretary of State Mike Pompeo 69 Negotiations between Kim and Pompeo continued the next day and Pompeo later stated at a press conference that good progress had been made 70 Kim Yong chol who is the Vice Chair of Central Committee of the Workers Party of Korea is the highest ranking North Korean official to visit the US since 2000 when Jo Myong rok met with US President Bill Clinton in Washington D C 71 72 73 On June 1 Trump announced the summit would resume as scheduled for June 12 after he met Kim Yong chol at the White House Kim Yong chol delivered a letter from Kim Jong Un to Trump 74 of which Trump first told reporters that it was a very nice and a very interesting letter yet eight minutes later said I haven t seen the letter yet I purposely didn t open the letter 75 76 US South Korea summit edit nbsp Moon Jae in met with Trump on May 22 On May 22 2018 South Korea President Moon Jae in visited the United States to meet President Trump to promote Trump Kim summit progress and to coordinate the two countries common strategy regarding the upcoming summit following harsh rhetoric from North Korea towards Washington 77 Closure of Punggye ri Nuclear Test Site edit nbsp North Korea shut down its Punggye ri nuclear test site on 23 May Thursday to demonstrate its commitment to denuclearization On 12 May 2018 North Korea announced the closure and planned dismantlement of its Punggye ri Nuclear Test Site and invited journalists to witness the destruction of its tunnels and other testing infrastructure 78 On 24 May 2018 reporters witnessed explosions to purportedly close those tunnels although independent inspectors were not present 79 Those explosions destroyed the portals to several test tunnels but the extent of the damage to the tunnels themselves was not clear 80 81 82 Replacement of North Korean generals edit On June 3 North Korea s Chairman Kim Jong Un replaced three general officers responsible for the development of North Korea s ICBM nuclear weapons 83 May 2018 inter Korean summit edit Two leaders of North and South Koreas exchanged their opinions about the issues and solutions for the Trump Kim summit as Trump abruptly cancelled the upcoming US North Korea summit on 12 June 84 The principal agenda of the meeting was trying to get U S summit back on track and keep progressing the denuclearization talks 85 86 The second 2018 summit was established by Kim Jung un s suggestion within a whirlwind 24 hour notice but Moon Jae in accepted Kim s invitation as per the critical nuclear agenda between North and South Korea Moon Jae in had expressed his belief and he discussed with Kim Jong Un about Kim s willingness to join nuclear interventions with Trump Both leaders also agreed to accelerate the implementation of the Panmunjom Declaration and meet again at anytime and anyplace without formality 87 88 Potential denuclearization process edit During President Donald Trump s meeting with North Korea envoy the former spy chief Kim Yong chol 89 at the White House Trump said that he would choose the denuclearization process in North Korea The nuclear warheads and the ICBM nuclear missiles completed in North Korea could be transferred outside of North Korea and economic sanctions on North Korea could be partly alleviated The next step would be comprehensive inspections on North Korea s nuclear facilities and nuclear ICBM weapons program by IAEA 90 91 92 On July 7 2018 U S Secretary of State Mike Pompeo Japanese Foreign Minister Taro Kono and South Korean Foreign Minister Kang Kyung Wha met in Tokyo where they reaffirmed their unity in urging North Korea to denuclearize as promised The ministers stressed the need to call on North Korea to take concrete steps toward denuclearization and to keep existing U N economic sanctions in place 93 Ten days later Donald Trump said there is no time limit for North Korea to denuclearize and that there is no need to rush the process 94 Logistical preparations edit On June 3 a special event area was declared by the Ministry of Home Affairs around the area surrounding the Shangri La Hotel Singapore and stringent security measures would be in force from June 10 14 On the same day a smaller segment within the special event area was declared a special zone by the Singapore Police Force where enhanced police powers would be in effect during the same period 95 On June 5 the Ministry of Home Affairs Singapore declared the whole of Sentosa Island including waters off its south west beaches a special event area from June 10 14 The summit venue Capella Singapore sits on the special event area The government also issued an order exempting four bulletproof and bombproof vehicles from certain traffic rules for the purposes of conveying non citizen individuals for the summit from June 5 30 96 The F1 Pit Building has also been designated as the summit s International Media Centre for international journalists to cover the summit and will be operated from 10 am on June 10 to 10 pm on June 13 97 On June 6 Singapore s aviation authorities announced that temporary airspace restrictions will be put in place for parts of June 11 12 and 13 Aircraft arriving at Singapore Changi Airport will be required to reduce speed and some restrictions are placed on runway use Aviators are also informed to stay away from Paya Lebar Air Base a facility used by US Presidents on their previous visits to Singapore 98 99 The Singapore Mint also released three commemorative medallions to mark the summit 100 They are available in gold proof silver proof and nickel plated zinc proof 101 On June 9 the Singapore Police Force and the Land Transport Authority announced that security measures such as road closures and security checks will kick in Some bus stops in the Tanglin area will be skipped and security checks will be conducted along stretches of roads around the Shangri La Hotel Singapore and the St Regis Hotel Singapore the two hotels Trump and Kim are believed to be staying in Bag searches and other security checks may be conducted for visitors entering Sentosa Island 102 On June 11 Singapore s Minister for Foreign Affairs Vivian Balakrishnan announced that the Singapore government would be paying for the North Korean contingent s hotel bill forming part of the total US 20 million expenditure for the summit as it was hospitality that we would have offered them 103 On June 25 the Ministry of Foreign Affairs MFA announced that the summit cost S 16 3 million lower than the initial planned cost mentioned by Prime Minister Lee Hsien Loong 104 Diplomatic preparations edit In preparation for the summit Singapore s Minister for Foreign Affairs Vivian Balakrishnan visited the United States on a working visit and met with the United States Secretary of State Mike Pompeo and National Security Advisor John R Bolton 105 He visited North Korea and met with North Korea s Minister of Foreign Affairs Ri Yong ho and Chairman of the Presidium of the Supreme People s Assembly Kim Yong nam to further lay the groundwork for the Trump Kim summit 106 The United States did not convene a Cabinet level National Security Council meeting to discuss the summit with North Korea Trump said I think I m very well prepared I don t think I have to prepare very much this isn t a question of preparation it s a question of whether or not people want it to happen and we ll know that very quickly 107 Media center edit nbsp Logo used at the International Media CentreSingapore Prime Minister Lee Hsien Loong visited the summit s International Media Centre on June 10 when it opened At a media conference Lee mentioned that the summit cost S 20 million with security costs taking up S 10 million and the setting up of the International Media Centre costing S 5 million but it is a cost that Singapore is willing to pay 108 The media center opened to journalists and they were given customized items including a bottle of water a fan and a notebook The center hosted more than 2500 local and international journalists 109 Meeting location editBackground edit nbsp U S Secretary of State then CIA Director Mike Pompeo and Kim Jong Un meeting in Pyongyang North Korea on March 31 2018On March 31 and possibly also April 1 then CIA director Mike Pompeo had secretly met with Kim in Pyongyang 110 to lay the groundwork for the summit including their discussing possible venues 111 On April 17 on the day of a meeting at Mar a Lago of Trump with Prime Minister of Japan Shinzō Abe sources revealed to reporters the identities involved in the discussions in Pyongyang 112 Locations considered edit Trump administration sources said on April 28 that the meeting would be held in either Singapore or Mongolia 113 On April 30 Trump remarked on a possibility the Peace House and inter Korean House of Freedom Joint Security Area in Panmunjom would serve as venues 114 Trump believed that Panmunjom in DMZ would be the reasonable location for the meeting to remove nuclear weapons and to sign the preparatory peace treaty on the Korean peninsula 115 The inter Korean Peace House was where the 2018 inter Korean summit was held earlier in April Singapore was the site of a recent China Taiwan summit Mongolia has sponsored a number of talks in recent years involving regional and international players and is accessible by train from North Korea 116 On April 30 Trump confirmed that Singapore the Peace House and the inter Korean House of Freedom were under consideration 117 American officials said the most likely mutually agreed upon choice of venue would be in Southeast Asia or Europe especially from among the choices of Singapore Vietnam Thailand Switzerland where Kim and his two siblings had some schooling 118 or Sweden whose embassy acts as intermediary for Americans traveling in North Korea 119 Another possible location of the summit would be Ulaanbaatar Mongolia 120 121 Additionally proposed venues included Pyongyang North Korea favored by Kim the Inter Korean Peace House in Panmunjom near the boundary of the Demilitarized Zone between North and South Korea site for the April 27 2018 inter Korean summit a site possibly favored by Kim for the summit with the US as well 122 123 the Russian port city of Vladivostok accessible to Kim by land or sea and nearby Vyatskoye Kim s predecessor and father Kim Jong Il s February 16 1941 birthplace 124 125 126 a Chinese city such as Shenyang Changchun or Beijing favored by China Seoul or South Korea s Jeju Island or aboard a US ship in international waters 127 128 Announcement on holding the talks in Singapore edit nbsp North Korea s Vice Chairman Kim Yong chol delivers a personal letter from Kim to Trump in the White House Oval Office on June 1 2018 CNN reported on May 9 that Singapore will be hosting the meeting on June 12 129 130 As per CNBC a White House official said Singapore was chosen as it has diplomatic relations with both United States and North Korea and was one of the few countries that have relationships with both countries 131 Trump confirmed the location on May 10 and announced that the summit is set for June 12 132 133 At 4 700 kilometres 2 900 mi from Pyongyang s Sunan airport Singapore is easily within the range of Kim s Soviet made Il 62M aircraft 134 Local media reported that the most likely choice of venue would be the Shangri La Hotel Singapore near Orchard Road 135 known for hosting the annual Shangri La Dialogue and the 2015 Ma Xi meeting A South Korean report also cited The Istana the official residence of the President of Singapore as a possible venue to host the summit 136 nbsp Trump together with Vice Chairman Kim Yong chol of the North Korean delegation outside the Oval Office nbsp An aerial view of the Capella SingaporeSingapore s Ministry of Foreign Affairs further provided information on the summit stating that Singapore is pleased to host the meeting between President of the United States Donald J Trump and Democratic People s Republic of Korea State Affairs Commission Chairman Kim Jong un on 12 June 2018 We hope this meeting will advance prospects for peace in the Korean Peninsula However the ministry did not provide any details on the venue and the arrangements 137 Following Trump s renewed commitment to the summit on June 1 Singapore s Defence Minister Ng Eng Hen welcomed the move and stated that Singapore would cover some of the costs of the summit 138 Advance team members of the American and North Korean delegations that were meeting in Singapore in prior weeks were believed to have been staying in Capella Singapore on Sentosa and the Fullerton Hotel Singapore in the city s Downtown Core respectively both of which were additional venue options for the summit 139 The White House announced on June 4 that the meeting will take place at 9 00 am SGT and confirmed the next day that Capella Singapore will be the venue for the June 12 summit 140 The US clarified that they would not pay for North Korea s officials accommodation They also affirmed that they would talk with the South Korean and Japanese governments if asked about the possible declaration of the end of the Korean War during the summit 141 On June 9 2018 at a press conference at the G7 Summit in Quebec Trump estimated that the interpersonal chemistry 142 between him and Leader Kim Jong Un would be a deciding factor in the success of the Summit in Singapore and that this would be a one time chance 143 for North Korea to strike a deal 144 Pre summit events editLeaders arrivals edit nbsp Kim arrived in Singapore in an Air China Boeing 747 400 registered B 2447 145 146 Photo of this aircraft taken in Beijing in March 2018US President Donald Trump left the 44th G7 summit around four hours earlier than scheduled and departed directly for Singapore He reportedly viewed the G7 summit as a distraction from his summit with Kim 147 Trump landed at Singapore s Paya Lebar Airbase at 20 20 local time and was welcomed by Singapore s Minister for Foreign Affairs Vivian Balakrishnan 148 A US Air Force Boeing C 17 Globemaster III transport plane was already at the air base ahead of his arrival Trump stayed at the Shangri La Hotel Singapore which has also hosted previous US Presidents 149 North Korean chairman Kim Jong Un landed at Singapore Changi Airport on Sunday at about 14 35 local time and was welcomed by Singapore s Minister for Foreign Affairs Vivian Balakrishnan and Minister for Education Ong Ye Kung 150 Kim flew to Singapore on a Boeing 747 operated by Air China a plane used by the highest echelons of the Chinese leadership 151 152 146 According to media reports a cargo plane an Air Koryo Ilyushin Il 76 containing food items and other perishables landed in Singapore from North Korea before Kim s plane landed Chiller trucks ferried them to the St Regis Hotel Singapore where Kim stayed 153 A third plane from North Korea an Air Koryo Ilyushin Il 62 landed shortly afterward Kim s sister and Vice Director of the Propaganda and Agitation Department Kim Yo jong was believed to be on board 154 Working level meetings edit Both Trump and Kim met separately with Singapore Prime Minister Lee Hsien Loong 155 Kim met Lee on Sunday evening at The Istana 156 Trump met Lee on Monday afternoon also at The Istana He was accorded a bilateral meeting followed by a working lunch and then an expanded bilateral meeting 157 During the meeting Trump accepted President Halimah Yacob s invitation to make a State Visit to Singapore in November 2018 in conjunction with the 6th ASEAN US Summit and 13th East Asia Summit 158 A working level meeting was held between the United States Ambassador to the Philippines Sung Kim and Vice Minister of Foreign Affairs Choe Son hui at The Ritz Carlton Millenia Singapore on Monday morning The meeting lasted over two hours and was believed to further work out the details of the summit between Trump and Kim and to push forward their agendas 159 160 Meanwhile North Korea s Minister of Foreign Affairs Ri Yong ho met with his Singaporean counterpart Vivian Balakrishnan on Monday morning too 161 Pre summit activities edit Trump s activities edit After meeting Singapore s Prime Minister Trump and Secretary of State Pompeo met and thanked the team at the United States embassy in Singapore and Task Force 73 at Shangri La Hotel 162 Trump then discussed the summit with South Korea s President Moon Jae in in a 40 minute phone call expressing that he is willing to take bold decisions while Moon said that South Koreans are praying for Trump to create a miraculous result 163 He also spoke with Japan s Prime Minister Shinzō Abe on the phone 164 US press briefing edit Secretary of State Mike Pompeo gave a press briefing at the White House press room set up at the JW Marriott Hotel Singapore South Beach Hotel on Monday afternoon He mentioned details of the preparations done by the US delegation and that the US is willing to offer North Korea security guarantees in exchange for the denuclearization of the Korean Peninsula 165 South Korea press briefing edit A South Korean official spoke at a closed door press briefing held at South Korea s Korea Press Center confirming that Moon Jae in will not travel to Singapore to attend the summit despite earlier speculations Instead South Korea sent a delegation to Singapore to monitor the summit 166 Kim s tour of Singapore edit Kim visited several of Singapore s attractions in the Central Area together with his sister Kim Yo jong on Monday evening They visited the Flower Dome at Gardens by the Bay the Jubilee Bridge and the Marina Bay Sands integrated resorts They were accompanied by Singapore s Minister for Foreign Affairs Vivian Balakrishnan and Minister for Education Ong Ye Kung the same ministers who welcomed him at Changi Airport the previous day 167 168 Dennis Rodman edit Retired U S basketball star Dennis Rodman who made a number of visits to North Korea to promote sports and developed a personal relationship with Chairman Kim over several years announced that he would be in Singapore during the summit but would not be involved in the meeting 169 Rodman arrived the day before the summit 170 The basketball star broke down in tears live on CNN as he recounted the hostility he faced for meeting Kim Jong Un 171 Summit meeting editExternal videos nbsp U S North Korea Summit Sights and Sounds June 11 2018 C SPAN nbsp President Trump Greets North Korean Leader Kim Jong Un June 11 2018 C SPAN nbsp North Korean Media KCTV s Coverage of Kim Jong Un s Diplomatic Push in 2018 38 NorthThe summit was broadcast in real time internationally 172 One to one meeting edit nbsp Kim and Trump before the start of their one on one meetingUnited States President Donald Trump arrived at Capella Hotel first before North Korean leader Kim Jong Un arrived seventeen minutes later 3 They started the summit at 9 05 am local time with a 12 second handshake and then participated in a one on one meeting with interpreters only Trump and Kim emerged from the one on one talks and walked down the corridor to the Cassia where the expanded bilateral meeting took place Trump described the one on one meeting as very very good when asked by a reporter 173 174 When Trump was asked if he had notes of the one on one meeting to refer back and verify Trump replied I don t have to verify because I have one of the great memories of all time 175 Expanded bilateral meeting and working lunch edit nbsp The expanded bilateral meeting between both the United States and North Korean delegationsBoth countries delegations proceeded to participate in an expanded bilateral meeting and a working lunch 176 Both delegations dined together on Korean Southeast Asian and Western dishes with ice cream tropezienne and dark chocolate ganache tartlet for dessert 177 After the lunch Trump and Kim took a short walk together and viewed the interior of the presidential state car 3 Joint signing ceremony edit source source source source source source source The signing moment of the two leaders nbsp Wikisource has original text related to this article Joint Statement of President Donald J Trump of the United States of America and Chairman Kim Jong Un of the Democratic People s Republic of Korea at the Singapore Summit Subsequently Trump and Kim signed a joint statement titled Joint Statement of President Donald J Trump of the United States of America and Chairman Kim Jong un of the Democratic People s Republic of Korea at the Singapore Summit which Trump described as a very important and comprehensive agreement 178 The document said 179 President Trump and Chairman Kim Jong Un state the following The United States and the DPRK commit to establish new U S DPRK relations in accordance with the desire of the peoples of the two countries for peace and prosperity The United States and the DPRK will join their efforts to build a lasting and stable peace regime on the Korean Peninsula Reaffirming the April 27 2018 Panmunjom Declaration the DPRK commits to work towards the complete denuclearization of the Korean Peninsula The United States and the DPRK commit to recovering POW MIA remains including the immediate repatriation of those already identified In addition to the numbered provisions the joint statement also mentions Trump s commitment to providing security guarantees to North Korea Follow up negotiations between Pompeo and an undetermined high level North Korean official are also called for by the joint statement 178 US news conference edit nbsp Trump at the news conference after the summitTrump held a news conference at 16 15 local time which lasted for more than an hour In his news conference Trump said that further discussions will take place with North Korean officials and that he would consider visiting Pyongyang 180 Referring to his commitment in the Joint Statement 181 to provide security guarantees to North Korea Trump announced the end of the joint military exercises with the South Korean military which he described as provocative U S Forces Korea and South Korea were apparently not consulted 182 He expressed his hope that the removal of 32 000 American troops defending South Korea would become part of the equation The next round of joint military exercises was scheduled for late August 183 184 End of summit edit On June 12 Trump left Singapore from Paya Lebar Air Base at around 18 30 local time earlier than his planned departure time of 19 00 while Kim Jong Un left Singapore from Changi Airport at around 22 30 185 Upon returning to the United States the following day President Trump declared that North Korea was no longer a nuclear threat 186 On June 22 2018 Trump provided a Notice Regarding the Continuation of the National Emergency with Respect to North Korea which extended the Executive Order 13466 of 2008 by one year reaffirming the current existence and risk of the proliferation of weapons usable fissile material on the Korean Peninsula constitute an unusual and extraordinary threat to the national security and foreign policy of the United States and I hereby declare a national emergency to deal with that threat 187 188 In October 2018 a second North Korea United States summit was announced 189 Delegations in attendance editParticipants in the expanded bilateral meeting edit nbsp United States USA Name TitleDonald Trump PresidentMike Pompeo 190 Secretary of StateJohn F Kelly 190 White House Chief of StaffJohn R Bolton 191 National Security Advisor nbsp North Korea DPRK Name TitleKim Jong Un 192 Chairman of the State Affairs CommissionRi Yong ho 193 Minister of Foreign AffairsKim Yong chol 194 Vice Chairman of the Workers Party of KoreaRi Su yong 192 Vice Chairman of the Central Committee of the Workers Party of Korea Other delegates edit nbsp United States USA Name TitleCabinet of the United StatesRandall Schriver 195 Assistant Secretary of Defense for Asian and Pacific Security AffairsWhite House OfficeSarah Huckabee Sanders 196 White House Press SecretaryStephen Miller 197 Senior Advisor to the PresidentNational Security Council NSC Mira Ricardel 197 Deputy National Security AdvisorSarah Tinsley 197 NSC Director for Strategic CommunicationsMatthew Pottinger 197 NSC Senior Director for Asian AffairsBrenan Richards 198 NSC Director for Southeast Asian AffairsAllison Hooker 195 NSC MemberCentral Intelligence Agency CIA Andrew Kim 195 Director of the CIA Korea Mission CenterAmbassadors of the United StatesSung Kim 195 Ambassador to the PhilippinesP Michael McKinley 197 Ambassador to BrazilStephanie Syptak Ramnath 197 Charge d affaires acting Ambassador at the US Embassy in SingaporeMelissa Brown 197 Counsellor for Economic and Political Affairs at the US Embassy in Singapore nbsp North Korea DPRK Name TitleGovernment of North KoreaNo Kwang chol 193 Minister of People s Armed ForcesChoe Son hui 192 Vice Minister of Foreign AffairsWorkers Party of Korea WPK Kim Yo jong 193 Kim Jong Un s sisterVice Director of the Propaganda and Agitation DepartmentOther members of the Central Committee and the State Affairs Commission 192 Reactions editMain article International reactions to the 2018 North Korea United States summit The summit received a mixed international reaction with many countries expressing praise or hope for achieving a peace deal from the summit 199 Some commentators expressed skepticism towards the signed agreement pointing to a history of failed past agreements and to the vague wording of the declarations 200 China raised the possibility of sanction relief following the summit 201 but Pompeo said sanction relief would only be granted after complete denuclearization 202 Joint military exercises between the United States and South Korea were halted a demand that North Korea had long made 203 Visitors to North Korea reported that anti American posters postcards stamps and similar items were no longer sold in tourist shops 204 Incidents editOn June 9 two South Korean media personnel from South Korean broadcaster KBS News were arrested for trespassing at the home of the North Korean ambassador in Singapore 205 KBS News subsequently issued an apology for not being cautious 206 The two media personnel were deported the next day on June 10 207 On June 11 five South Korean women were arrested on Monday night for protesting outside the St Regis Hotel where Chairman Kim and his delegation were staying The police warned the women for violating the Public Order Act but they refused to cooperate leading to their arrests 208 209 Aftermath editProgress of joint statement edit The director of USC Korean Studies Institute David C Kang wrote an analysis of North Korea s solution which was published in The New York Times Writing that the Trump administration should proceed with the necessary action items of U S side in order to ask North Korea to give up their Nuclear Weapons Kang emphasized that unilateral disarmament of the DPRK would be impractical and that a phased and synchronous approach with step by step negotiations would be a more reasonable way forward with respect to the US DPRK Joint Statement signed at the Singapore summit 210 The DPRK has shown eight or more types of various actions on their portion of the agreement a moratorium on missile nuclear tests dismantling the Sohae atomic test and satellite launch site the shutting down of an intercontinental ballistic missile assembly facility near Pyongyang the returning of the remains of 55 U S Soldiers killed in the Korean War the removal of domestic anti American propaganda and the release of three American Citizens arrested and imprisoned in the DPRK as North Korean action items of the summit However the US has thus far when taken only one action the cancelling of joint military exercises between the US and South Korean Air Forces in the peninsula If the United States should complete more of its action items under the Singapore agreement with regard to North Korea s security concerns the North Korean government in turn may be willing to make further actions toward denuclearization 210 211 North Korean minister Ri Yong ho has claimed that the US is backtracking or has made no progress on the American side of the Singapore Summit agreement while saying that North Korea itself has taken some measures including the cessation of nuclear and missile testing along with the removal of a primary nuclear site 212 US Secretary of State Mike Pompeo has made a request for North Korea to hand over 60 to 70 percent of its nuclear arsenal within six to eight months However the DPRK has not yet accepted that proposal 213 The North Korean foreign minister released an announcement criticizing unilateral denuclearization and Ri Yong ho has emphasized that it is only equitable to perform a balanced simultaneous step by step implementation of the US DPRK Joint Statement 214 There are four action items in the Joint Statement the first and second items being the renewal of North Korea United States relations the third item being the denuclearization of the Korean Peninsula and the final item the recovery of American POW MIA remains from the Korean War Currently there are still three American nuclear capable jets stationed in South Korea Additionally North and South Korea still lacking a proper peace treaty are still technically at war 215 The DPRK urged the US to guarantee the DPRK s security by a formal declaration of the ending of the Korean War in exchange for the DPRK ending its nuclear program and forfeiting its nuclear weapons 216 Doug Bandow a special assistant to former President Ronald Reagan suggested that the US provide the DPRK with a safety framework in the form of a peace treaty in exchange for the DPRK ending their nuclear program 217 Removed anti American propaganda in DPRK edit The DPRK government toned down aspects of its anti American propaganda after the Singapore summit with many anti American posters being removed in the capital to give way to less politicized messages 218 The government also cancelled North Korea s annual anti US imperialism rally on 27 July a national holiday commemorating the start of the Korean War Fatherland Liberation War in DPRK historiography 219 Pompeo s subsequent visits to North Korea edit nbsp Wikisource has original text related to this article A letter from Kim Jong Un to Donald Trump On July 6 7 Pompeo travelled to North Korea for the third time to continue the negotiations with Kim Yong chol a senior official who has been North Korea s point person in deliberations with the United States South Korea and China After the meeting Pompeo said that the talks were productive and that progress had been made on almost all of the central issues However North Korean state media criticized the meeting soon after saying the U S had shown a gangster like attitude and calling the demands of the Trump administration deeply regrettable 220 Notwithstanding the stern reports Pompeo delivered a letter from Kim to Trump in which the latter expressed his hope for successful implementation of the US North Korea Joint Statement and reaffirmed his will for improving the relations between the countries 221 Pompeo announced on August 23 2018 that he would return to North Korea the following week for the fourth round of talks 222 The following day Trump tweeted that he had asked Pompeo not to make the trip because he felt we are not making sufficient progress with respect to the denuclearization of the Korean Peninsula 223 Concerning the cancellation of Pompeo s planned North Korea trip Vox summarized the background based on the reports by The Washington Post and CNN that North Korea delivered an irate letter to Pompeo and the letter was shown to Trump in the Oval Office on Friday and Trump tweeted the cancellation of Pompeo s trip The message from DPRK was North Korea s evident disappointment as Washington had shown no real eagerness to sign a peace treaty to end the Korean War 224 225 226 South Korean Foreign Minister Kang Kyung wha spoke to Pompeo by telephone on August 25 urging the U S and DPRK to continue talks relating to denuclearization and peace on the Korean peninsula in spite of concerns over the cancellation of the trip by Trump Japanese Foreign Minister Taro Kono revealed appreciation for Pompeo s prompt communication with South Korea and said Japan would be pleased to cooperate with the U S for denuclearization of the Korean peninsula 227 228 Return of remains of US soldiers edit nbsp After the Trump Kim summit North Korea searched for and returned the remains of U S POWs and MIAs from the Korean War nbsp The remains of US soldiers in DPRK start the journey to the U S after 65 years nbsp The US war remains were delivered from Wonsan North Korea by U S military transport plane C 17 Globemaster to the Osan Air Base near Seoul South Korea On June 27 Pompeo said North Korea was planning to hand over presumed remains of U S soldiers killed during the Korean War in the near future 229 Following Pompeo s second visit to Pyongyang a lower ranks meeting took place on July 15 regarding the retrieving of remains of US soldiers from the Korean War Pompeo called the talks productive and said the two sides had reached firm commitments on the issue 230 On July 27 North Korea handed over 55 boxes of human remains thus starting to fulfill their pledge in the Singapore declaration The remains were saluted in a ceremony in their honor by US soldiers 231 More than 36 000 American troops died during the Korean War but some 7 700 remain unaccounted for including 5 300 believed to have died in North Korea Earlier 220 remains were recovered during 1996 2005 232 North Korea reported to the U S Defense POW MIA Accounting Agency that they couldn t be sure how many individuals were represented in each of the 55 boxes 233 There was uncertainty about the nationality of the war remains 234 whether the individuals were American or from other countries that took part in the Korean War such as Australia Belgium France and the Philippines 235 Kelly McKeague the director of the POW MIA Accounting Agency said a preliminary review showed that the remains are consistent with being American and are from the Battle of Chosin Reservoir 236 The next phase would be matching the dental records X rays and DNA testing to further analyze the remains for possible identification McKeague expressed his opinion that North Korea needs to allow the resumption of joint U S North Korean searches of battlefields and POW camp graveyards to discover more war remains as soon as practical 233 Shutdown of ICBM assembly facility near Pyongyang edit The Voice of America VOA reported on July 25 that there is evidence that North Korea has dismantled an intercontinental ballistic missile ICBM construction facility near Pyongyang It was confirmed by analyzing satellite images taken around the March 16 with the latest satellite images in July It was the investigated place of the factory that the Hwasong 15 ICBM that North Korea test launched on November 29 2017 was assembled at this plant and then moved on a transporter erector launcher TEL Kim Jong Un was at this vehicle factory that was connected to the ICBM assembly factory when he gave the command for the transfer of the TEL carrying the Hwasong 15 ICBM State Department Spokesperson Heather Nauert announced that the U S would be looking for DPRK s consent for allowing the Verification process of the denuclearization of North Korea Heather also added Verification is obviously something that is paramount Verification from legitimate groups and done by legitimate countries 237 Destruction of missile test site edit nbsp North Korea dismantled the various significant parts and permanent structure of the Sohae ICBM missile amp Satellite Launching Station nbsp The DPRK Government had begun to dismantle an ICBM rocket launching and testing engine site to demonstrate its commitment to denuclearization CBS News has identified the site as the freshest of North Korea s recognised major missile testing facilities 238 On July 24 it was reported that North Korea had begun to dismantle a rocket launching and testing site near Tonchang an action which Kim had pledged to Trump South Korean President Moon called the move a good sign for North Korea s denuclearization 239 The North Korea monitoring specialist group 38 North found that the Sohae Station a satellite launch site in North Korea was being demolished Satellite imagery shows that several significant structures were destroyed a missile launching stand and a building near a launchpad for satellites 38 North suggested that it is an essential beginning step towards achieving a commitment made by Kim Jong Un at the June 12 Singapore Summit 240 On 7 August there is more progress on Dismantling Facilities at the Sohae Satellite and Missile Launching Station it entails the demolition of the test stand s concrete foundations launch pad s gantry tower and pad foundation etc While the previous dismantlement of the vertical engine test stand on 23 July represents a fulfilment of Chairman Kim s arrangement with President Trump conducted publicly during the post Singapore Summit press conference activity at the launch pad and concrete foundation appears to go exceeding that pledge These activities however must be viewed cautiously as principal steps since neither are presently permanent or irreversible Concerning 38 North s scrutiny it would characterize more durable and irreversible actions as there is no identified facility with equivalent capabilities elsewhere in the DPRK 241 North Korea announced in December 2019 that it had recently conducted a very important test at the Sohae site Some analysts believed the test involved a new ICBM engine as the country was believed to be migrating from its liquid fueled missiles to new solid fueled versions that were easier to transport conceal and launch 242 The country announced it had conducted a crucial test at the Sohae site days later 243 Negotiation process between US and DPRK edit In August during the ASEAN Regional Forum 2018 North Korea s nuclear program was the critical agenda item ASEAN forum foreign ministers issued a joint statement calling for a complete denuclearization which is the same phrase used in the joint statement issued after the summit and represents a change from last year s call for a complete verifiable and irreversible denuclearization 244 South Korea s Foreign Minister Kang Kyung wha has said that she had considerable consultations over the issue of the declaration to a formal end of the 1950 53 Korean war with the Chinese and U S foreign ministers 245 Chinese Foreign Minister Wang Yi said everyone can announce a declaration ending the war if they do not want the war to happen again 246 North Korean Foreign Minister Ri Yong Ho said he was alarmed by U S insistence on maintaining sanctions until North Korea denuclearizes and what he said was U S reluctance to declare a formal end to the Korean War 247 United States Forces in Korea maintains several nuclear bomber fighters and DPRK is demanding USA safety guarantee for giving up nuclear weapon programs of Pyongyang 216 Questions about missile development edit The media source 38 North an American agency which monitors North Korea told CNN that only two small roof buildings had been newly erected which might be used for hospitality roles for senior officials or nuclear inspectors Other improved infrastructures were already developed before the Trump Kim Summit 248 249 On June 30 NBC reported that according to an assessment by the U S intelligence agencies North Korea might have increased production of fuel for nuclear weapons at multiple secret sites after the summit though if the process of enrichment had occurred it must have begun before the summit 250 On August 3 experts monitoring U N sanctions against North Korea sent a report to the UN Security Council saying North Korea has not stopped its nuclear and missiles programs and is still violating sanctions by transferring coal at sea and flouting an arms embargo and financial sanctions 251 252 However North Korean Foreign Minister Ri Yong Ho said in a privilege speech at the ASEAN summit that a good faith implementation of the Joint Statement between the USA and DPRK would be necessary Referring to this same speech the North Korea monitoring specialist Group 38 North believes that in order to achieve the goal to denuclearize a scheme of ALL TAKE NO GIVE will never work with DPRK 253 254 255 256 257 The New York Times reported on November 12 2018 that satellite images suggest that the North has been engaged in a great deception by offering to dismantle one missile launch site while continuing to develop sixteen others The Times reported that American intelligence had determined that North Korea s production of fissile material nuclear weapons and mobile missile systems had continued since the summit adding that the missile network was long known to American intelligence agencies but left undiscussed as President Trump claims to have neutralized the North s nuclear threat 258 The following day Trump called the report of North Korea developing missile sites inaccurate and just more fake news adding We fully know about the sites being discussed nothing new 259 The Times stood by the accuracy of its report 260 On November 13 2018 Kim Eui Keum a spokesman for South Korean President Moon Jae In described the report and images as nothing new and further stated that North Korea has never signed any agreement any negotiation that makes shutting down missile bases mandatory 261 CNN acquired satellite images in December 2018 that indicated North Korea was continuing to significantly expand a major long range missile site in the mountainous interior of the country including an extremely large underground facility that could be under construction as of August 2018 262 Second U S North Korean Summit editMain article 2019 North Korea United States Hanoi Summit nbsp Trump and Kim at the Hanoi SummitOn October 7 2018 U S Secretary of State Mike Pompeo and Kim met in Pyongyang and agreed to a second U S North Korea summit 263 with South Korea s presidential office stating that it would take place as soon as possible 264 Pompeo said a second summit would happen soon and that details would be revealed to South Korean President Moon Jae In during a meeting in the South Korean capital of Seoul 265 During the State of the Union Address President Trump announced Vietnam to host the second meeting between the two leaders The summit was held in Hanoi Vietnam on February 27 and 28 2019 but ended without a new deal Trump said he was dissatisfied with the incomplete denuclearization offered by Kim who demanded in return the full lifting of American sanctions on North Korea 266 See also edit2018 19 Korean peace process Korean reunification North Korea United States relations Agreed Framework 2019 North Korea United States Hanoi Summit the second Trump Kim summit Peace Treaty on Korean Peninsula North Korea and weapons of mass destruction Nuclear power in North Korea List of nuclear weapons tests of North Korea 2017 18 North Korea crisis 2017 North Korean missile tests April 2018 inter Korean summit May 2018 inter Korean summit September 2018 inter Korean summit Kim Xi meetings unofficial North Korea China summit Kim Putin meetings unofficial North Korea Russia summit List of international trips made by Kim Jong Un Inter Korean Liaison Office bombingReferences edit Williams Jennifer June 12 2018 Read the full transcript of Trump s North Korea summit press conference Vox Archived from the original on May 29 2019 Retrieved February 24 2019 As Trump Kim summit looms arrangements for media kick into high gear TODAYonline Archived from the original on February 24 2019 Retrieved February 24 2019 a b c LIVE HD Trump Kim historic summit livestream YouTube June 12 2018 Archived from the original on March 20 2021 Retrieved February 18 2019 Joint Statement of President Donald J Trump of the United States of America and Chairman Kim Jong Un of the Democratic People s Republic of Korea at the Singapore Summit The White House June 12 2018 Archived from the original on January 20 2021 Retrieved February 28 2019 Joint Statement of President Donald J Trump of the United States of America and Chairman Kim Jong Un of the Democratic People s Republic of Korea at the Singapore Summit The White House trumpwhitehouse archives gov Archived from the original on 2021 01 20 Retrieved 2022 04 23 Pinkott Dixon June 12 2018 Trump Kim summit Trump praises North Korea and promises to end war games USAHint com Archived from the original on June 13 2018 Retrieved June 13 2018 Smith Josh Stewart Phil June 12 2018 Trump surprises with pledge to end military exercises in South Korea Reuters London England Archived from the original on June 12 2018 Retrieved June 13 2018 Mac Thornberry 2018 08 13 Text H R 5515 115th Congress 2017 2018 John S McCain National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2019 www congress gov Archived from the original on 2018 10 10 Retrieved 2018 10 11 Trump leaves open possibility of Jun 12 Singapore summit with North Korea Channel NewsAsia May 25 2018 Archived from the original on May 25 2018 Retrieved May 25 2018 a b Baker Rodger April 5 2018 Here s What s Actually Different About The Latest North Korea Talks Forbes Jersey City New Jersey Archived from the original on April 29 2018 Retrieved April 29 2018 Xu nBiena Bajoria Jayshree September 30 2013 The Six Party Talks On North Korea s Nuclear Program New York City Council on Foreign Relations Archived from the original on May 24 2018 Retrieved May 24 2018 Spetalnick Matt Yukhananov Anna April 9 2013 Analysis North Korea tests Obama s strategic patience Reuters Archived from the original on June 12 2018 Retrieved June 12 2018 Evans Stephen November 17 2016 What will President Trump do about North Korea BBC News Archived from the original on June 16 2018 Retrieved July 21 2018 Ahn JH 31 May 2016 North Korean editorial supports Donald Trump NK News Archived from the original on 20 June 2018 Retrieved 20 June 2018 Fifield Anna May 2 2017 South Korea s likely next president warns the U S not to meddle in its democracy The Washington Post Washington DC Nash Holdings LLC Archived from the original on May 2 2017 Retrieved June 17 2018 Choe Sang hun July 4 2017 North Korea Claims Success in Long Range Missile Test The New York Times Archived from the original on July 4 2017 Retrieved July 4 2017 North Korea considering firing missiles at Guam per state media New York City Fox News Channel August 8 2017 Archived from the original on August 8 2017 Atom Nordkorea legt detaillierten Plan fur Raketenangriff Richtung Guam vor WELT DIE WELT 10 August 2017 Archived from the original on October 12 2017 Retrieved August 10 2017 Collins Padraig September 3 2017 North Korea nuclear test what we know so far The Guardian London England Archived from the original on September 3 2017 Retrieved September 4 2017 McGeough Paul September 12 2017 North Korea Sanctions tighten screws on regime but China Russia get their way The Sydney Morning Herald Sydney Australia Archived from the original on September 12 2017 Retrieved September 13 2017 Paddock Richard C Sang hun Choe Wade Nicholas February 24 2017 In Kim Jong nam s Death North Korea Lets Loose a Weapon of Mass Destruction The New York Times Archived from the original on June 10 2018 Retrieved June 18 2018 Wright David 28 November 2017 North Korea s Longest Missile Test Yet All Things Nuclear Cambridge Massachusetts Union of Concerned Scientists Archived from the original on November 28 2017 Security Council Tightens Sanctions on Democratic People s Republic of Korea Unanimously Adopting Resolution 2397 2017 Washington DC United Nations December 22 2017 Archived from the original on December 24 2017 Retrieved December 24 2017 Friedman Uri November 29 2017 North Korea Says It Has Completed Its Nuclear Program The Atlantic Washington DC Archived from the original on June 12 2018 Retrieved June 12 2018 Kong Kanga November 28 2017 North Korea Says Nuke Push Complete as Entire U S in Range Bloomberg New York City Archived from the original on June 13 2018 Retrieved June 12 2018 Orjoux Alanne George Steve January 2 2018 Kim Jong Un offers rare olive branch to South Korea CNN Archived from the original on January 4 2018 Retrieved January 2 2018 Jochum Kateri Winsor Morgan January 13 2018 Primal fear as people across Hawaii get false alarm of imminent missile attack ABC News Archived from the original on May 25 2018 Retrieved May 24 2018 Kim Hyung Jin January 3 2018 North Korea reopens cross border communication channel with South Korea Chicago Tribune Associated Press Archived from the original on January 4 2018 Retrieved January 5 2018 a b Ji Dagyum February 12 2018 Delegation visit shows N Korea can take drastic steps to improve relations MOU NK News Archived from the original on March 28 2018 Retrieved April 24 2018 Kim Soyoung February 9 2018 At Games reception a hopeful dessert and a hasty exit Reuters Archived from the original on June 16 2018 Retrieved June 16 2018 Raymond Adam February 9 2018 Mike Pence Avoids Eye Contact With Kim Jong un s Sister at Olympics Opening Ceremony New York Archived from the original on June 16 2018 Retrieved June 16 2018 Kim Jong un s sister arrives in South Korea making history Canadian Broadcasting Corporation Associated Press February 9 2018 Archived from the original on June 14 2018 Retrieved June 16 2018 Gregory Sean Gangneug February 10 2018 Cheer Up North Korean Cheerleaders Rally Unified Women s Hockey Team During 8 0 Loss Time Archived from the original on April 9 2018 Retrieved April 24 2018 Trump accepts offer to meet Kim Jong In CNN March 9 2018 Archived from the original on March 23 2018 Retrieved March 12 2018 Schwartz Felicia Gordon Michael R March 8 2018 U S Meets With South Koreans Bearing a Message from Pyongyang The Wall Street Journal Archived from the original on March 13 2018 Retrieved March 14 2018 Unpredictable as ever Trump stuns with a gamble on North Korea The Sydney Morning Herald March 11 2018 Archived from the original on April 2 2018 Retrieved March 12 2018 Trump North Korea meeting US knows the risks says spy chief BBC March 12 2018 Archived from the original on August 13 2018 Retrieved July 21 2018 Jacobs Peter March 9 2018 The White House already looks as if it s backtracking on Trump s meeting with Kim Jong Un Business Insider Archived from the original on March 15 2018 Retrieved March 10 2018 Hwang Bang Yeol 2018 03 14 한반도 운전대 잡은 한국 힘은 남북관계 에서 나왔다 Seo Hyeon jong and Seohun met each other directly in four days from 9th to 13th Oh My News Archived from the original on 2018 06 23 Retrieved 2018 06 23 정의용 시진핑과 면담 한반도 비핵화 공조 확인 Jeong Jong yong Si Jin ping and interview Confirmation of Denuclearization of the Korean Peninsula in Korean Radio Free Asia March 12 2018 Archived from the original on March 13 2018 Retrieved March 13 2018 South Korean Envoys Will Travel to Japan China and Russia plenglish com March 11 2018 Archived from the original on March 13 2018 Retrieved March 13 2018 아베 비핵화 전제 北과 대화 평가 서훈 한일협력 중요 종합 Abe Denuclearization presumption North dialogue evaluation Seohun Korea Japan cooperation is important comprehensive in Korean Yonhap News Agency March 13 2018 Archived from the original on March 13 2018 Retrieved March 13 2018 Jeong Andrew March 19 2018 North Korea to Meet for Talks With U S South Korean Delegations in Helsinki The Wall Street Journal New York City Dow Jones and Company Archived from the original on April 16 2018 Retrieved June 17 2018 Park Yuna Campbell Joseph March 17 2018 North Korean diplomat heads to Finland ahead of possible U S talks Reuters Archived from the original on April 24 2018 Retrieved June 17 2018 Kim Jong Un Made a Surprise China Visit Sources Say Bloomberg Politics New York City March 26 2018 Archived from the original on March 26 2018 Retrieved March 28 2018 Blanchard Ben Lee Joyce March 26 2018 China says North Korea pledges denuclearization during friendly visit Reuters Archived from the original on March 28 2018 Retrieved March 28 2018 Ng Teddy Jeong ho lee March 30 2018 Xi invited Kim But Pyongyang was mastermind behind the China visit South China Morning Post Hong Kong China Alibaba Group Archived from the original on April 8 2018 Retrieved June 17 2018 Kim Jong Un s visit to China English North Korean TV English North Korean TV March 29 2018 Archived from the original on May 13 2019 Retrieved April 1 2018 Huang Cary March 30 2018 Kim Jong un and Xi Jinping take centre stage in diplomatic drama on the Korean peninsula South China Morning Post Hong Kong China Alibaba Group Archived from the original on April 6 2018 Retrieved April 6 2018 Kim Jong Un s official visit to China English North Korean TV English North Korea TV March 30 2018 Archived from the original on April 6 2018 Retrieved April 6 2018 Jiang Steven Westcott Ben Han Sol May 9 2018 Kim Jong Un meets with Xi Jinping in northern China Atlanta Georgia CNN Archived from the original on May 9 2018 Retrieved May 9 2018 Kim Jong Un speaks out about possible meeting with Trump for 1st time ABC News April 11 2018 Archived from the original on April 15 2018 Retrieved April 15 2018 Fifield Anna September 4 2017 South Korea s defense minister suggests bringing back tactical U S nuclear weapons The Washington Post Washington DC Nash Holdings LLC Archived from the original on April 13 2018 Retrieved June 17 2018 North Korea proposed five requirements to the United States as a denuclearization cost There was no USFK withdrawal request Huffington Post Korea April 11 2018 Archived from the original on April 15 2018 Retrieved April 15 2018 Koreas make nuclear pledge after summit BBC News April 27 2018 Archived from the original on April 27 2018 Retrieved April 27 2018 a b Trump welcomes US prisoners released by North Korea Reuters May 10 2018 Archived from the original on July 2 2018 Retrieved July 1 2018 O Connor Tom May 21 2018 NEW U S COIN FEATURES NORTH KOREA S SUPREME LEADER KIM JONG UN AND PRESIDENT DONALD TRUMP Newsweek Archived from the original on June 16 2018 Retrieved June 16 2018 a b Noack Rick May 24 2018 How Kim Trump tensions escalated The more the U S said Libya the angrier North Korea got The Washington Post Washington DC Nash Holdings LLC Archived from the original on May 25 2018 Retrieved May 25 2018 Gaddafi may have been sodomised by his captors The London Evening Post London England October 30 2011 Archived from the original on June 18 2018 Retrieved June 17 2018 Senate Delegation Positive About Security of Libyan WMD Materials Nuclear Threat Initiative September 30 2011 Archived from the original on June 18 2018 Retrieved June 17 2018 Fifield Anna May 15 2018 North Korea expands threat to cancel Trump Kim summit saying it won t be pushed to abandon its nukes The Washington Post Washington DC Nash Holdings LLC Archived from the original on May 24 2018 Retrieved May 25 2018 Elliott Josh Why Trump can t use the Libya model to oust Kim Jong Un Global News Archived from the original on May 26 2018 Retrieved May 26 2018 Zurcher Anthony Analysing Trump s letter to Kim Jong un BBC News Archived from the original on May 24 2018 Retrieved May 24 2018 Sanger David 24 May 2018 Trump s Letter to Kim Canceling North Korea Summit Meeting Annotated The New York Times Archived from the original on May 24 2018 Retrieved May 24 2018 a b Haas Benjamin McCurry Justin 25 May 2018 North Korea leaves door open for desperately necessary Trump summit The Guardian Archived from the original on May 25 2018 Retrieved May 25 2018 Haas Benjamin 24 May 2018 North Korea destroys nuclear test site as world s media watches The Guardian Archived from the original on May 25 2018 Retrieved May 25 2018 Stracqualursi Veronica Liptak Kevin Trump says North Korea summit talks continue Could even be the 12th CNN Archived from the original on May 25 2018 Retrieved May 25 2018 WH to send team to Singapore to prep for possible Trump Kim Jong Un meeting ABC News May 26 2018 Archived from the original on May 26 2018 Retrieved May 26 2018 Gaouette Nicole North Korean ex spy chief meets with Pompeo in New York CNN Archived from the original on June 1 2018 Retrieved June 2 2018 North Koreans to meet Trump good progress toward summit Star Tribune Archived from the original on June 12 2018 Retrieved June 2 2018 Kim Yong chol the ultimate North Korean regime insider The Guardian May 30 2018 Archived from the original on June 3 2018 Retrieved June 3 2018 Exclusive Trump nuclear deal may take more than one meeting with North Korea s Kim Reuters June 1 2018 Archived from the original on June 2 2018 Retrieved June 3 2018 Donald Trump June 12 meeting with North Korea s Kim Jong Un back on USA Today June 1 2018 Archived from the original on June 2 2018 Retrieved June 3 2018 Benson Lindsay 2 June 2018 Kim Jong Un sent a letter to Trump It s huge CNN Archived from the original on June 2 2018 Retrieved June 2 2018 Qiu Linda June 2018 Trump s False Exaggerated and Contradictory Claims on Korea Mexico and Trade The New York Times Archived from the original on June 3 2018 Retrieved June 2 2018 Borchers Callum Watch Trump said Kim Jong Un s letter was interesting Then he said I haven t opened it The Washington Post Archived from the original on June 30 2018 Retrieved June 3 2018 ABRAMSON ALANA Donald Trump Says June 12 North Korea Summit May Not Work Out time com Archived from the original on July 27 2018 Retrieved July 28 2018 North Korea has Begun Dismantlement of the Punggye ri Nuclear Test Site www 38north org Archived from the original on August 3 2018 Retrieved Aug 3 2018 North Korea nuclear test tunnels at Punggye ri destroyed Archived 2019 01 04 at the Wayback Machine BBC News 24 May 2018 The Punggye ri Nuclear Test Site Destroyed A Good Start but New Questions Raised about Irreversibility Archived 2019 01 19 at the Wayback Machine 38 North 31 May 2018 More Potential Questions About the Punggye ri Nuclear Test Site Destruction Archived 2018 12 09 at the Wayback Machine 38 North 8 June 2018 Institute Statement on the Dismantlement of Punggye ri Archived 2019 02 28 at the Wayback Machine David Albright Institute for Science and International Security 25 May 2018 White Jeremy B North Korea replaces three top generals ahead of talks with Donald Trump The Independent Archived from the original on June 12 2018 Retrieved June 4 2018 North and South Korean leaders hold surprise meeting in DMZ to get U S summit back on track Chicagotribune 26 May 2018 Archived from the original on 24 August 2018 Retrieved 29 July 2018 Ji eun Kim 28 May 2018 Moon and Kim reaffirm commitment to Panmunjeom Declaration The Hankyoreh Archived from the original on 1 August 2018 Retrieved 5 August 2018 North South Korea meet for surprise second summit syracuse com Associated Press 2018 05 26 Archived from the original on 2018 06 12 Retrieved 2018 06 12 North and South Korean leaders hold surprise meeting CNN 26 May 2018 Archived from the original on 28 April 2019 Retrieved 26 May 2018 hermesauto May 27 2018 Full address by South Korean President Moon Jae In on May 26 inter Korea summit The Straits Times Archived from the original on September 11 2018 Retrieved August 24 2018 Lee Jaesang From spy chief to a high profile meeting with Trump Who is Kim Yong Chol ABC News Archived from the original on June 4 2018 Retrieved June 4 2018 Miller S A B North Korea nuclear deal is the easy part weapons program would take years to dismantle The Washington Times Archived from the original on June 4 2018 Retrieved June 4 2018 Analysis Trump Hints At Longer Path For NKorea To Denuke theyeshivaworld com 3 June 2018 Archived from the original on June 12 2018 Retrieved June 4 2018 Nuclear deal with North Korea would require unprecedented access to secret weapons sites pilotonline com Archived from the original on June 12 2018 Retrieved June 4 2018 Japan U S S Korea unite on N Korea Pompeo brushes off gangster claim 8 July 2018 Archived from the original on November 22 2018 Retrieved August 24 2018 No rush on N Korea denuclearisation Trump BBC News July 18 2018 Archived from the original on August 25 2018 Retrieved August 24 2018 Tan Tam Mei Lee Wen Yi June 4 2018 Trump Kim summit Shangri La Hotel s vicinity declared special event area The Straits Times Archived from the original on June 7 2018 Retrieved June 7 2018 Tan Tam Mei June 6 2018 Sentosa Island declared special event area as well The Straits Times Archived from the original on June 12 2018 Retrieved June 7 2018 Tay Tiffany Fumiko Chang May Choon Ghosh Nirmal June 6 2018 F1 Pit Building being set up for global media The Straits Times Archived from the original on June 12 2018 Retrieved June 7 2018 Karamjit Kaur 6 June 2018 Restrictions on flights into Singapore during Trump Kim summit ICAO The Straits Times Archived from the original on June 12 2018 Retrieved June 7 2018 Kim Jack Singapore to restrict airspace during U S North Korea summit Reuters Archived from the original on June 12 2018 Retrieved June 7 2018 Ng Huiwen June 5 2018 Trump Kim summit 3 commemorative medallions depicting handshake between US and North Korea leaders unveiled The Straits Times Archived from the original on June 5 2018 Retrieved June 7 2018 United States North Korea Summit 2018 The Singapore Mint Archived from the original on June 12 2018 Retrieved June 12 2018 Tam Mei Tan Tiffany Fumiko Tay June 9 2018 Trump Kim summit Expect road closures and security checks The Straits Times Archived from the original on June 12 2018 Retrieved June 9 2018 Yahya Yasmine June 11 2018 Singapore footing hotel bill for North Korean contingent at Trump Kim summit Vivian Balakrishnan The Straits Times Archived from the original on June 11 2018 Retrieved June 12 2018 Hosting Trump Kim summit cost S 16 3 million security the biggest component MFA Archived from the original on July 4 2018 Retrieved August 24 2018 MFA Press Statement Working Visit by Minister for Foreign Affairs Dr Vivian Balakrishnan to Washington D C United States of America 5 June 2018 Press release Ministry of Foreign Affairs Singapore Archived from the original on 12 June 2018 Retrieved June 7 2018 MFA Press Statement Official Visit by Minister for Foreign Affairs Dr Vivian Balakrishnan to Pyongyang Democratic People s Republic of Korea 7 to 8 June 2018 Press release Ministry of Foreign Affairs Singapore Archived from the original on 12 June 2018 Retrieved June 7 2018 Crowley Michael Lim Christina Nelson Louis 7 June 2018 Trump says Kim meeting will be about attitude not prep work Politico Archived from the original on June 8 2018 Retrieved June 8 2018 Sim Royston June 10 2018 Trump Kim summit will cost about 20m to host a cost Singapore willing to pay for regional stability PM Lee The Straits Times Archived from the original on June 10 2018 Retrieved June 11 2018 Sim Royston Ng Charmaine June 10 2018 Trump Kim summit Media centre at F1 Pit Building opens to journalists ST booth set up with freebies The Straits Times Archived from the original on June 10 2018 Retrieved June 11 2018 Mike Pompeo made secret trip to North Korea in early April source confirms NK News April 17 2018 Archived from the original on April 29 2018 Retrieved April 18 2018 Labott Elise Liptak Kevin McLaughlin Jenna Secret direct talks underway between US and North Korea CNN Archived from the original on 2018 04 22 Retrieved 2018 04 07 Harris Shane Leonnig Carol D Jaffe Greg Nakamura David 17 April 2018 CIA Director Pompeo secretly met with North Korean leader Kim Jong Un over Easter weekend Chicago Tribune Archived from the original on 2018 04 23 Retrieved 2018 04 18 Mongolia Singapore are final 2 sites under consideration for Trump Kim Jong Un meeting CBS News April 28 2018 Archived from the original on May 13 2018 Retrieved May 14 2018 Difazio Joe 30 April 2018 What Is Peace House Kim Jong Un and Trump Could Meet at Historic Site Newsweek Archived from the original on May 13 2018 Retrieved May 14 2018 korea summit Google Search Archived from the original on 2021 02 15 Retrieved 2021 02 15 US North Korea talks have many obstacles to overcome starting with where to meet South China Morning Post April 10 2018 Archived from the original on April 15 2018 Retrieved April 15 2018 Holland Steve Trump says Korea s Peace House Singapore could be Kim summit sites Reuters Archived from the original on May 29 2018 Retrieved June 3 2018 Kim Jong Un s Swiss school days revealed sundaytimes lk Archived from the original on 2017 11 24 Retrieved 2018 04 20 Labott Elise McLaughlin Jenna Liptak Kevin Sticking point on Trump Kim talks Location location location CNN Archived from the original on 2018 04 22 Retrieved 2018 04 19 Park David L Caprara Katharine H S Moon and Paul 30 November 2001 Mongolia Potential Mediator between the Koreas and Proponent of Peace in Northeast Asia Archived from the original on 2018 04 22 Retrieved 2018 04 20 a href Template Cite web html title Template Cite web cite web a CS1 maint multiple names authors list link Dierkes Julian Jargalsaikhan Mendee 8 Reasons Why Mongolia s Capital Ulaanbaatar Might Be The Place for a Trump Kim Summit The Diplomat Archived from the original on 2018 04 21 Retrieved 2018 04 20 Landler Mark March 9 2018 Planning Begins for Kim Jong un Meeting Some Trump Aides Believe Will Never Happen The New York Times Archived from the original on April 22 2018 Retrieved March 11 2018 Trump and Kim Jong un Likely to Meet in Border Truce Village The Chosun Ilbo Archived from the original on March 12 2018 Retrieved March 13 2018 Profile Kim Jong il BBC News January 16 2009 Archived from the original on February 18 2017 Retrieved December 28 2011 Chung Byoung sun August 22 2002 Sergeyevna Remembers Kim Jong Il The Chosun Ilbo Archived from the original on March 11 2007 Retrieved February 19 2007 Sheets Lawrence February 12 2004 A Visit to Kim Jong Il s Russian Birthplace NPR Archived from the original on March 14 2007 Retrieved February 19 2007 Chandran Nyshka April 19 2018 Sweden Mongolia Pyongyang and more Where a Trump Kim summit could take place CNBC Archived from the original on April 23 2018 Retrieved April 20 2018 Landler Mark March 10 2018 Trump Kim talks The tricky task of preparing for the summit BBC News Archived from the original on June 15 2018 Retrieved July 21 2018 Editorial Factbox Where could Kim Jong Un meet Donald Trump Reuters Archived from the original on 2018 05 01 Retrieved 2018 03 13 Collins Kaitlan May 10 2018 Trump officials prepare for Singapore summit with North Korea CNN Archived from the original on May 10 2018 Retrieved May 14 2018 Trump Kim Jong un summit set for Singapore on 12 June BBC News Archived from the original on May 13 2018 Retrieved May 14 2018 Lee Yen Nee June 8 2018 White House explains why it chose Singapore to host summit with North Korea CNBC Archived from the original on June 12 2018 Retrieved June 12 2018 Diamond Jeremy May 10 2018 Trump announces North Korea summit will be in Singapore CNN Archived from the original on May 13 2018 Retrieved May 14 2018 Nakamura David Wagner John May 10 2018 Trump announces June 12 summit in Singapore with North Korean leader The Washington Post Archived from the original on May 10 2018 Retrieved May 10 2018 Kim Jack Trump Kim summit in Singapore presents logistical challenges for North Korea Reuters Archived from the original on 2018 05 14 Retrieved 2018 05 13 Kaur Karamjit May 11 2018 Singapore confirmed as host of historic summit between Donald Trump and Kim Jong Un on June 12 The Straits Times Archived from the original on May 10 2018 Retrieved May 11 2018 Istana may host Trump Kim summit Report The Straits Times May 29 2018 Archived from the original on June 3 2018 Retrieved June 3 2018 Ng Huiwen May 11 2018 Trump Kim summit in Singapore a significant step on the path to peace PM Lee The Straits Times Archived from the original on May 17 2018 Retrieved May 17 2018 US North Korea summit Singapore preparing to be good host says Ng Eng Hen Channel NewsAsia June 3 2018 Archived from the original on June 12 2018 Retrieved June 3 2018 Huiwen Ng June 1 2018 Where will the Trump Kim summit take place Singapore hotel Gardens by the Bay among options in ST reader poll The Straits Times Archived from the original on June 1 2018 Retrieved June 3 2018 Diamond Jeremy June 5 2018 Trump Kim Singapore summit venue is set CNN Archived from the original on June 5 2018 Retrieved June 5 2018 US not paying for North Korean officials stay in Singapore Report Channel NewsAsia Archived from the original on June 12 2018 Retrieved June 12 2018 Siddiqui Sabrina Pengelly Martin June 9 2018 Trump I ll know whether Kim summit will be successful in first minute The Guardian Archived from the original on June 12 2018 Retrieved June 12 2018 Watkins Eli Trump Kim has a one time shot CNN Archived from the original on June 11 2018 Retrieved June 12 2018 WATCH President Trump Press Conference at G7 Summit in Charlevoix Quebec Canada Right Side Broadcasting Network June 9 2018 Archived from the original on June 12 2018 Retrieved June 12 2018 via YouTube Kim Jong un arrives in Singapore ahead of landmark summit Al Jazeera Archived from the original on June 12 2018 Retrieved June 12 2018 a b Trump Kim summit Kim Jong Un s Air China ride is Chinese Premier Li Keqiang s private jet says Apple Daily The Straits Times June 11 2018 Archived from the original on June 11 2018 Retrieved June 11 2018 Trump has to fly to Canada for the G7 and he s not exactly happy about it The Independent Archived from the original on June 13 2018 Retrieved June 9 2018 Ghosh Nirmal June 9 2018 Trump may leave G 7 early for Singapore amid trade dispute The Straits Times Archived from the original on June 12 2018 Retrieved June 9 2018 Yong Jeremy Au June 10 2018 Trump Kim summit Trump s Air Force One lands at Paya Lebar Airbase The Straits Times Archived from the original on June 11 2018 Retrieved June 10 2018 North Korea s Kim Jong Un expected to land at Changi Airport on Sunday Source The Straits Times June 8 2018 Archived from the original on June 9 2018 Retrieved June 9 2018 Trump Kim Land in Singapore Financial Tribune June 11 2018 Archived from the original on June 12 2018 Retrieved June 11 2018 Kaur Karamjit June 10 2018 Trump Kim summit North Korea leader Kim Jong Un arrives in Singapore welcomed by Foreign Minister Vivian Balakrishnan The Straits Times Archived from the original on June 10 2018 Retrieved June 10 2018 Kaur Karamjit June 9 2018 Trump Kim summit Chiller trucks to ferry food supplies from Changi Airport to St Regis for Kim Jong Un The Straits Times Archived from the original on June 9 2018 Retrieved June 9 2018 Trump Kim summit in Singapore Live blog The Straits Times Archived from the original on June 12 2018 Retrieved June 10 2018 Singapore gears up to host Trump Kim summit ABC News June 6 2018 Archived from the original on June 6 2018 Retrieved June 7 2018 Mohamad Salleh Nur Asyiqin June 10 2018 North Korean leader Kim Jong Un meets Prime Minister Lee Hsien Loong ahead of Trump Kim summit The Straits Times Archived from the original on June 11 2018 Retrieved June 10 2018 Wai Albert Trump in meeting with PM Lee thanks S pore for its hospitality and friendship TODAYonline Archived from the original on June 12 2018 Retrieved June 11 2018 Meeting between Prime Minister Lee Hsien Loong and the 45th President of the United States Donald J Trump 11 June 2018 Ministry of Foreign Affairs Singapore Archived from the original on 22 November 2018 Retrieved June 11 2018 Bei Yi Seow June 11 2018 Trump Kim summit US North Korean officials meet for working level talks The Straits Times Archived from the original on June 12 2018 Retrieved June 11 2018 Holland Steve Van der Perre Christopher Trump upbeat ahead of North Korean summit Kim visits Singapore sites Reuters Archived from the original on June 10 2018 Retrieved June 11 2018 Balakrishnan Vivian VivianBala June 11 2018 Vivian Balakrishnan on Twitter Happy to see FM Ri again for a quick meeting here in MFA just four days after he kindly hosted me in Pyongyang Tweet via Twitter Department of State StateDept June 11 2018 Department of State on Twitter SecPompeo joined POTUS in thanking our team at RedWhiteBlueDot and COMLOG WESTPAC for their hard work on behalf of the American people https t co U14BXsNh0k Tweet via Twitter May Choon Chang June 11 2018 Trump Kim summit South Korea s Moon Jae In hopes for bold decisions and miraculous result The Straits Times Archived from the original on June 12 2018 Retrieved June 11 2018 Sim Walter June 11 2018 Opening of North Korea economy will greatly benefit Asia Pacific Japanese PM Shinzo Abe The Straits Times Archived from the original on June 12 2018 Retrieved June 11 2018 Carungcong Trixia Enriquez June 11 2018 Trump Kim Summit US willing to offer North Korea unique security guarantees in exchange for denuclearisation says Pompeo The Straits Times Archived from the original on June 12 2018 Retrieved June 11 2018 Ji Dagyum June 11 2018 Moon will not travel to Singapore during DPRK U S summit ROK official NK News Archived from the original on June 12 2018 Retrieved June 11 2018 Kim Jong Un explores Singapore s Gardens by the Bay Marina Bay Sands on night before summit Channel NewsAsia Archived from the original on June 12 2018 Retrieved June 11 2018 Kian Beng Kor Lai Linette June 11 2018 North Korean leader Kim Jong Un visiting several Singapore attractions on Monday night The Straits Times Archived from the original on June 11 2018 Retrieved June 11 2018 Dennis Rodman says he will be in Singapore for Trump Kim summit Channel NewsAsia Archived from the original on June 12 2018 Retrieved June 9 2018 Rodman arrives in Singapore ahead of summit ESPN 11 June 2018 Archived from the original on June 12 2018 Retrieved June 12 2018 Tearful Rodman claims vindication for Kim ties Channel NewsAsia Archived from the original on June 12 2018 Retrieved June 12 2018 McCarthy Now Tom Weaver Matthew Lyons Earlier Kate 12 June 2018 Trump Kim summit US and North Korean leaders shake hands at Singapore meeting live The Guardian Archived from the original on June 12 2018 Retrieved June 12 2018 US President Trump North Korean leader Kim meet at historic Singapore summit Channel NewsAsia Archived from the original on June 12 2018 Retrieved June 12 2018 Jeremy Au Yong Dawn Wei Tan June 12 2018 Trump Kim summit Leaders sign comprehensive document Kim says world will see major change The Straits Times Archived from the original on June 12 2018 Retrieved June 13 2018 Gstalter Morgan 12 June 2018 Trump on lack of notes from Kim meeting I have one of the great memories of all time The Hill Archived from the original on June 14 2018 Retrieved June 14 2018 Au Yong Jeremy Dawn Wei Tan June 12 2018 Trump Kim summit Kim Jong Un gave unwavering commitment to denuclearisation says Trump The Straits Times Archived from the original on June 12 2018 Retrieved June 12 2018 What s for lunch Trump Kim summit menu a blend of Western Asian flavors Reuters June 11 2018 Archived from the original on June 12 2018 Retrieved June 12 2018 a b Rosenfeld Everett June 12 2018 Document signed by Trump and Kim includes four main elements related to peace regime CNBC Archived from the original on June 12 2018 Retrieved June 12 2018 Joint Statement of President Donald J Trump of the United States of America and Chairman Kim Jong Un of the Democratic People s Republic of Korea at the Singapore Summit The White House Archived from the original on January 20 2021 Retrieved June 12 2018 Allen Jonathan Trump puts Korean war games on hold after summit meeting with Kim NBC News Archived from the original on June 11 2018 Retrieved June 12 2018 Full Text Trump Kim Agreement signed after historic Singapore Summit USAHint New York June 13 2018 Archived from the original on June 13 2018 Retrieved June 13 2018 Trump contradicts US military stance on Korea war games Associated Press June 13 2018 Archived from the original on June 13 2018 Retrieved June 13 2018 Another blow to allies Trump to stop war games MSNBC Archived from the original on June 12 2018 Retrieved June 12 2018 Cloud David S June 12 2018 Trump s decision to halt military exercises with South Korea leaves Pentagon and allies nervous Los Angeles Times Archived from the original on June 13 2018 Retrieved June 12 2018 North Korean leader Kim Jong Un set to leave Singapore on Tuesday night The Straits Times Archived from the original on June 12 2018 Retrieved June 12 2018 Sullivan Eileen June 13 2018 Trump Says There Is No Longer a Nuclear Threat After Kim Jong un Meeting The New York Times Archived from the original on June 14 2018 Retrieved June 14 2018 Notice Regarding the Continuation of the National Emergency with Respect to North Korea Archived from the original on January 20 2021 Retrieved June 22 2018 Bush George W June 26 2008 Executive Order 13466 Continuing Certain Restrictions With Respect to North Korea and North Korean Nationals Archived from the original on June 23 2018 Retrieved November 13 2018 a href Template Cite journal html title Template Cite journal cite journal a Cite journal requires journal help BBC NEWS 2018 09 26 North Korea Trump expects second Kim summit soon bbc com Archived from the original on 2018 09 28 Retrieved 2018 09 28 a b Trump to Insist Kim Make First Move in Form of Nuclear Timeline Bloomberg com Bloomberg L P June 6 2018 Archived from the original on June 6 2018 Retrieved June 7 2018 Bolton takes back seat but remains a looming presence for the North Korea summit CNBC June 6 2018 Archived from the original on June 7 2018 Retrieved June 7 2018 a b c d Kim Jong Un Leaves for Singapore Korean Central News Agency June 11 2018 Archived from the original on December 2 2016 Retrieved June 11 2018 a b c Lee Jeong ho Jaipragas Bhavan Zhou Laura 10 June 2018 Kim tells Singapore s PM Entire world is watching historic summit South China Morning Post Archived from the original on June 10 2018 Retrieved June 10 2018 Tarabay Jamie Kim Jong Un arrives in Singapore for historic summit CNN Archived from the original on June 10 2018 Retrieved June 10 2018 a b c d The team Trump is taking to Singapore BBC News June 7 2018 Archived from the original on June 13 2018 Retrieved June 9 2018 Trump and Kim to separately meet Singapore s prime minister ahead of summit CNBC June 9 2018 Archived from the original on June 10 2018 Retrieved June 10 2018 a b c d e f g Dawn Wei Tan June 11 2018 Trump thanks PM Lee for Singapore s hospitality thinks Trump Kim summit will work out nicely The Straits Times Archived from the original on June 11 2018 Retrieved June 11 2018 Seok Hwai Lee June 11 2018 Notes from an island White House press corps covering Trump Kim summit sketches spotless Singapore The Straits Times Archived from the original on June 11 2018 Retrieved June 12 2018 Hunter Molly June 12 2018 The world watched Trump Kim summit drew global reaction with many expressing cautious hope ABC News Archived from the original on 5 August 2018 Retrieved 5 August 2018 Landler Mark June 12 2018 The Trump Kim Summit Was Unprecedented but the Statement Was Vague The New York Times Archived from the original on June 14 2018 Retrieved June 15 2018 China hints at sanctions relief for Pyongyang The Japan News Reuters June 13 2018 Archived from the original on June 14 2018 Retrieved June 15 2018 Pompeo No sanction relief until denuclearization NHK World Japan June 14 2018 Archived from the original on June 15 2018 Retrieved June 15 2018 Major US military exercises with South Korea suspended indefinitely Channel NewsAsia June 15 2018 Archived from the original on June 15 2018 Retrieved June 15 2018 Anti U S souvenirs disappear from tourist shops in North Korea sources NK News June 20 2018 Archived from the original on June 20 2018 Retrieved June 20 2018 2 South Korean media personnel arrested for trespassing home of North Korean envoy in Singapore Channel NewsAsia Archived from the original on June 12 2018 Retrieved June 9 2018 South Korea s KBS apologises after 2 reporters arrested in Singapore ahead of Trump Kim summit The Straits Times June 9 2018 Archived from the original on June 9 2018 Retrieved June 9 2018 Singapore deports KBS staff as security tightens around Trump Kim summit Channel NewsAsia Archived from the original on June 12 2018 Retrieved June 10 2018 South Korean women arrested near St Regis hotel for holding protests Channel NewsAsia Archived from the original on June 13 2018 Retrieved June 13 2018 Cheng Kenneth 5 South Korean protesters arrested near St Regis hotel under Public Order Act TODAYonline Archived from the original on June 13 2018 Retrieved June 13 2018 a b nytimes com 22 Aug 2018 Why Should North Korea Give Up Its Nuclear Weapons Archived 2018 08 27 at the Wayback Machine voanews com 27 July 2018 Mattis No Decision on Fate of Korean Peninsula Exercises Archived 2018 08 29 at the Wayback Machine english yonhapnews co kr 5 Aug 2018 N Korean minister says U S is backtracking on Sentosa deal Archived 2018 08 05 at the Wayback Machine vox com 5 Aug 2018 Exclusive Pompeo told North Korea to cut its nuclear arsenal by 60 to 70 percent Archived 2018 08 09 at the Wayback Machine english hani co kr 5 Aug 2018 North Korean foreign minister releases statement denouncing unilateral denuclearization Archived 2018 08 09 at the Wayback Machine Li Narangoa Cribb Robert 2014 Historical Atlas of Northeast Asia 1590 2010 Korea Manchuria Mongolia Eastern Siberia Columbia University Press p 194 ISBN 978 0231160704 Archived from the original on 4 July 2017 a b RT AMERICA 5 Aug 2018 North Korea will only denuclearize if there is a peace treaty says antiwar organizer Archived 2019 08 03 at the Wayback Machine nationalinterest org 5 Aug 2018 Ending the Korean War Is in the National Interest Archived 2018 08 09 at the Wayback Machine Smith Josh 24 June 2018 North Korea appears to be getting rid of its anti American propaganda after the Trump Kim summit Business Insider Reuters Archived from the original on 18 August 2019 Retrieved 18 August 2019 Cha Song Ho Eric Talmadge Hyung jin Kim 25 June 2018 North Korea cancels annual anti US rally as relations improve The Independent Archived from the original on 14 August 2019 Retrieved 18 August 2019 Harris Gardiner Sang Hun Choe 7 July 2018 North Korea Criticizes Gangster Like U S Attitude After Talks With Mike Pompeo The New York Times Archived from the original on 13 August 2019 Retrieved 18 August 2019 Kim s Letter to President Trump July 6 2018 Archived from the original on February 14 2021 Retrieved July 13 2018 Michelle Kosinski Zachary Cohen 23 August 2018 Pompeo names special representative announces the fourth trip to North Korea CNN Archived from the original on August 24 2018 Retrieved August 24 2018 Jeremy Diamond Zachary Cohen 24 August 2018 Trump says Pompeo won t go to North Korea CNN Archived from the original on August 24 2018 Retrieved August 24 2018 Ward Alex 28 August 2018 Here s the real reason Trump canceled Pompeo s North Korea trip vox com Archived from the original on August 29 2018 Retrieved August 29 2018 Rigin JOSH Why Trump canceled Pompeo s trip to North Korea www washingtonpost com Archived from the original on August 29 2018 Retrieved August 29 2018 Ripley Will McKirdy Euan 28 August 2018 North Korea warns Pompeo denuclearization talks are at stake sources say edition cnn com Archived from the original on August 29 2018 Retrieved August 29 2018 South Korea urges continued U S North Korea talks despite cancellation of Pompeo trip Washington Post Archived from the original on 2018 08 27 Retrieved 2018 08 27 Sang Hun Choe August 25 2018 Trump s Cancellation of Pompeo Trip Dashes Hopes in South Korea The New York Times Archived from the original on October 30 2018 Retrieved March 3 2019 June 27 2018 Pompeo North Korea yet to return US troop remains The Washington Post The Washington Post Archived from the original on June 27 2018 Retrieved June 28 2018 Efforts to repatriate US war remains from North Korea The Global and Mail July 15 2018 Archived from the original on July 19 2018 Retrieved July 15 2018 BBC North Korea returns US troops slain in the Korean War July 27 2018 Archived from the original on July 27 2018 Retrieved July 27 2018 NYTIMES Sang Hun Choe August 3 2018 Remains of 55 U S War Dead in North Korea Start Journey Home After 65 Years The New York Times Archived from the original on August 4 2018 Retrieved August 4 2018 a b Macias Amanda August 2 2018 Remains from North Korea consistent with being American Pentagon says www CNBC com Archived from the original on July 20 2019 Retrieved March 3 2019 Brook Tom Vanden Korean War remains returned by North Korea could take years to identify Pentagon says USA TODAY Archived from the original on 2018 08 05 Retrieved 2018 08 05 Time Archived from the original on 2018 08 03 Retrieved 2018 08 05 Remains from North Korea likely American soldiers who fought at Chosin Reservoir ABC News Archived from the original on 2018 08 05 Retrieved 2018 08 05 Trump praises North Korea s shutdown of West Sea Satellite Launching Station The Hankyoreh Archived from the original on March 17 2019 Retrieved March 3 2019 U S identifies North Korea missile test site it says Kim committed to destroy Reuters June 21 2018 Archived from the original on August 14 2018 Retrieved August 14 2018 President Moon confirms shutdown of rockets site July 26 2018 Archived from the original on July 27 2018 Retrieved July 27 2018 Dismantling Key Facilities at the Sohae Satellite Launching Station July 23 2018 Archived from the original on August 7 2018 Retrieved August 9 2018 span, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

article

, read, download, free, free download, mp3, video, mp4, 3gp, jpg, jpeg, gif, png, picture, music, song, movie, book, game, games.