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Siege of Marawi

January 07, 2023

The siege of Marawi (Filipino: Pagkubkob sa Marawi),[48][49] also known as the Marawi crisis (Krisis sa Marawi),[50] and the Battle of Marawi (Labanan sa Marawi), was a five-month-long armed conflict in Marawi, Philippines, that started on May 23, 2017, between Philippine government security forces and militants affiliated with the Islamic State (IS), including the Maute and Abu Sayyaf Salafi jihadist groups.[51] The battle also became the longest urban battle in the modern history of the Philippines.[37]

Siege of Marawi
Part of the Moro conflict and the War against the Islamic State

A building in Marawi is set ablaze by airstrikes carried out by the Philippine Air Force and the Naval Air Wing of the Philippine Navy
DateMay 23 – October 23, 2017
(5 months)
Location
Marawi, Lanao del Sur, Philippines
8°00′38″N 124°17′52″E / 8.0106°N 124.2977°E / 8.0106; 124.2977
Result

Philippine government victory[14]

Territorial
changes		 Marawi recaptured by the Armed Forces of the Philippines on October 23, 2017
Belligerents

 Philippines

Supported by:
Non-state supporters:

Foreign supporters:

 Islamic State[13]
Commanders and leaders
Rodrigo Duterte
(President of the Philippines)
Delfin Lorenzana
(Defense Secretary)
Gen. Eduardo Año
(Chief of Staff of the Armed Forces of the Philippines)
Lt. Gen. Carlito Galvez Jr.
(AFP Western Mindanao Command Chief)
Lt Gen. Glorioso Miranda (1st Commanding General of the Philippine Army
Lt. Gen. Rolando Bautista
(2nd Commanding General of the Philippine Army, 1st Overall Ground Commander, Joint Task Force Marawi, and the 1st Infantry Division)
Lt. Gen. Danilo G. Pamonag (2nd Overall Ground Commander, Joint Task Force Marawi)
V. Adm. Ronald Joseph Mercado (Flag Officer-in-Command of the Philippine Navy)
Maj. Gen. Alvin Parreño (Commandant of the Philippine Marine Corps)
Lt. Gen. Edgar Fallorina (Commanding General of the Philippine Air Force)
Dir. Gen. Ronald dela Rosa
(Chief of the Philippine National Police)
Commo. Joel Garcia (Officer-In-Charge of the Philippine Coast Guard )
Mujiv Hataman (Regional Governor of the Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao)
Bedjoria Soraya Alonto Adiong (Governor of Lanao Del Sur)
Majul Gandamra (Mayor of Marawi City)		 Isnilon Hapilon †
(Abu Sayyaf commander and regional Emir)
Abdullah Maute †[19]
(Maute Group commander)
Omar Maute †
(Maute Group deputy commander)
Mahmud Ahmad †
(Abu Sayyaf deputy commander)[20][21]
Amin Bacu †
(Abu Sayyaf senior commander)[22][23][24]
Units involved

Joint Task Force Marawi
Armed Forces of the Philippines

Philippine Army

Philippine Navy

Philippine Marine Corps

Philippine Air Force

Philippine National Police

Philippine Coast Guard

  • Coast Guard Special Operations Force
  • Coast Guard K9 Force
  • Coast Guard District Northern Mindanao
  • Coast Guard District Southeastern Mindanao
  • Coast Guard District Southwestern Mindanao
1st Special Forces Group, U.S. Navy SEALs, U.S. Navy SWCC (technical assistance)[28] and Marine Raiders[29]		 Abu Sayyaf
Maute group
Bangsamoro Islamic Freedom Fighters[a]
Ansar Khalifa Philippines[30]
Strength
3,000+ soldiers (in June)[34]
6,500 soldiers (by September)[35]		 1,000 militants[36][37]
Casualties and losses
168 killed,[38]
1,400+ wounded[39]		 978 killed,[40][41]
12 captured[42][43][44]
87 civilians dead (40 due to illness)[45][46]
Nearly 1.1 million civilians displaced[47]
class=notpageimage|
The location of Marawi within Mindanao in the Philippines

According to the Philippine government, the clashes began during an offensive in Marawi to capture Isnilon Hapilon, the leader of the IS-affiliated Abu Sayyaf group, after receiving reports that Hapilon was in the city, possibly to meet with militants of the Maute group.[52][53] A deadly firefight erupted when Hapilon's forces opened fire on the combined Army and police teams and called for reinforcements from the Maute group, an armed group that pledged allegiance to the Islamic State and which is believed to be responsible for the 2016 Davao City bombing, according to military spokesmen.[54]

Maute group militants attacked Camp Ranao and occupied several buildings in the city, including Marawi City Hall, Mindanao State University, a hospital and the city jail.[54] They also occupied the main street and set fire to Saint Mary's Cathedral, Ninoy Aquino School and Dansalan College, run by the United Church of Christ in the Philippines (UCCP).[52][55] The militants also took a priest and several churchgoers hostage.[56]

The Armed Forces of the Philippines stated that some of the terrorists were foreigners who had been in the country for a long time, offering support to the Maute group in Marawi. Their main objective was to raise an ISIL flag at the Lanao del Sur Provincial Capitol and declare a wilayat or provincial IS territory in Lanao del Sur.[57][58]

On October 17, 2017, the day after the deaths of militant leaders Omar Maute and Isnilon Hapilon, President Duterte declared Marawi was "liberated from terrorist influence".[59] Then on October 23, 2017, Defense Secretary Delfin Lorenzana announced that the five-month battle against the terrorists in Marawi had finally ended.[60]

Background

The Battle of Marawi was a consequence of the Philippines' long struggle against terrorism, in the aftermath of September 11 attacks in the United States, against the Abu Sayyaf Group (ASG)[61] then linked with Al-Qaeda and now with the Islamic State.[62] But the Battle of Marawi has been associated with the Maute group being its stronghold. The Maute group had established a stronghold in Lanao del Sur since February 2016 and was blamed for the 2016 Davao City bombing and two attacks in Butig, Lanao del Sur, a town located south of Marawi, in 2016.[63] Since the militant group's founding in 2013, the Philippine government has downplayed the threat of ISIS in the Philippines.[64] Following the February 2016 Butig clash with the Maute group, then-President Benigno Aquino III discounted the possibility of the Islamic State's presence in the country. He said that those behind the attack were just mercenaries wanting to be recognized by the Middle East-based terror group.[65]

The Abu Sayyaf group, blamed for deadly bombings and kidnappings in the past, had also pledged allegiance to the Islamic State movement in the summer of 2014.[66] One of its leaders, Isnilon Hapilon, was listed as among the world's most wanted terrorists by the US State Department with a reward of up to US$5 million for his capture.[51] Following the abduction and subsequent beheading of Canadian businessman John Ridsdel in April 2016, Aquino disclosed that he had received death threats from the jihadist group, and that the Abu Sayyaf also plotted to kidnap his sister Kris, and Manny Pacquiao.[67][68] Aquino also identified Hapilon behind attempts to convert and recruit inmates at the New Bilibid Prison to their cause, and embark on a bombing campaign in Metro Manila, which he said was "part of their effort to gain favor with ISIS."[69]

In November 2016, President Rodrigo Duterte confirmed the Maute group's affiliation with the Islamic State and President Duterte even revealed that the siege of Marawi City was also related to narcoterrorism.[70] But the Philippine military maintained that ISIL had not established links with militants in the Philippines.[63] Amidst fierce fighting in Butig on November 30, 2016, Duterte, in a command briefing in Lanao del Sur, warned the Maute group: "I do not want a fight with you. I don't want us killing each other but please, do not force my hand. I cannot be forever traveling here every month just to talk, and when I turn around, there's killing again. I do not want to mention anything, but please do not force my hand into it."[71][72]

On December 2, 2016, as the military regained control of Butig, the retreating Maute fighters reportedly left a note threatening to behead Duterte and the military.[73] On December 12, 2016, in a speech before the Wallace Business Forum Dinner, Duterte dared the Maute group to attack Marawi, stating: "Because they (the Maute group) threatened to go down from the mountains to burn down Marawi? Go ahead, be my guest. We will wait for you there. No problem."[74][75]

From April to May 2017, Abu Sayyaf fought in clashes with Philippine security forces in Bohol which resulted in the deaths of three soldiers, a policeman and ten militants.[76]

Prelude to the battle

The Armed Forces of the Philippines (AFP) stated that the fighting in Marawi was due to a raid conducted by the military in coordination with the Philippine National Police, contrary to earlier reports that the clash was initiated by the militant groups. Rolando Bautista, commanding general of the Philippine Army 1st Infantry Division, stated that they had received reports of impending activity two or three weeks ahead of time.[77] As the combined military and local police team conducted zoning in Marawi to validate the information that suspicious personalities including Omar and Abdullah Maute were consolidating in the area, their team instead spotted Isnilon Hapilon.[77] According to the Philippine military, Hapilon had been appointed as emir of the IS forces in the Philippines and was consolidating his group with the Maute and other terrorist groups.[77][78] After residents of Marawi reported the presence of an armed group within their locale and after the AFP verified the information, the military launched a "surgical operation" to capture Hapilon[53][77] only to stumble into an entire city of armed men.[79]

Timeline

May

May 23–27

 
Listing of inmates of the Malabang District Jail at a PNP checkpoint

Firefights between government forces and militants began at approximately 2:00 PM local in the afternoon of May 23, 2017. The Peace and Conflict Journalism Network reported that the clash occurred in the Basak Malutlut area of the city as Hapilon's forces called for reinforcements from the Maute group. Maute fighters occupied the Amai Pakpak Hospital and ordered the PhilHealth employees out of the facility.[53] The fighters allegedly replaced the Philippine flag hoisted in the hospital with the Black Standard used by the Islamic State group.[80] A staff member of the hospital later denied that this happened.[81]

The 103rd Brigade of the Philippine Army stationed at Camp Ranao was also attacked by at least 500 Maute group militants.[80] A number of militants were then seen waving their ISIS black flags as they roamed the streets of Marawi.[82]

The whole city was put on lockdown as several buildings and houses were set ablaze by members of the Maute group.[51] Dozens of gunmen occupied the Marawi City Hall as 107 inmates escaped from the Marawi City Jail and the Malabang District Jail 39 after the Maute attacks.[51] Power and communication lines were also shut down due to the continued hostilities.[83] Roads leading to Marawi were blocked by both government security forces and Maute militants.[53] Civilians were reported to have been abducted by the Maute group, including a priest and several parishioners of the Cathedral of Our Lady Help of Christians as the group demanded that the government stop its offensive against them.[84]

The clashes sparked a mass evacuation of the city with residents fleeing by the thousands, causing traffic congestion on the highway to Iligan and Cagayan de Oro.[85] At least eleven civilians had been killed in the ongoing firefight, two of which the Lanao del Sur Provincial Disaster Office identified as ambulance drivers who were stopped by Maute militants while responding to an emergency call.[86][87] Nine of those civilians were on board a truck when they were stopped by Maute militants at a checkpoint and shot dead with their hands tied.[88][89] A police officer was also reported to have been beheaded by the militants.[86]

May 24

On May 24, additional government forces arrived at the Laguindingan Airport as the military regained control of the Amai Pakpak Hospital.[87] 120 civilians used as a human shield by the Maute group were rescued from the hospital.[51] The military had also recaptured the city hall and the Mindanao State University.[90]

May 25

On Thursday, May 25, fresh fighting took place near the Lanao del Sur Provincial Capitol in the Marawi city center.[90] Black-clad Maute and Abu Sayyaf militants were still spotted on the city's major roads and bridges. The militants also reportedly took control of the Lanao del Sur Electric Cooperative in Gadungan village.[90] The AFP said there were still three or four dozen Maute, including Isnilon Hapilon, remaining in Marawi.[91] The Philippine air force launched strikes against remnants of the group in three nearby villages.[91]

Reports came in that two Malaysian terrorists who were with Isnilon Hapilon in Marawi to push for the creation of the Islamic State in Southeast Asia were among those militants killed late Thursday. Intelligence sources also said that an Indonesian and a Saudi Arabian linked to ISIS were also killed in skirmishes in the city.[92] The AFP said that 26 of the around 50 Maute militants in the area were killed and 30 government soldiers were wounded.[93]

May 26

At a press briefing in Davao City, AFP Spokesperson Brig. Gen. Restituto Padilla stated that some of the terrorists were foreigners who had been in the country for quite some time, offering support to the Maute group in Marawi. He noted that of the twelve killed in a recent engagement, six were from out of the country.[57][94]

Amid continuing operations against the terror groups, several houses, including the residence of Lanao del Sur Representative Jun Papandayan, were seen burning as residents also reported seeing civilians killed after the military dropped bombs on Maute positions. Sources said the houses were targeted because of the presence of Maute snipers.[95]

According to AFP Western Mindanao Command chief Lt. Gen. Carlito Galvez Jr., dwellings in the area were intentionally set on fire so as to keep them from being used as cover by Maute fighters. Limited air strikes were also used on Maute sniper positions. Galvez stated that no civilians were reported killed in the air strikes, and it was his hope they could keep military casualties low as well.[96]

As of May 26, 2017, the priest Fr. Chito Suganob and his companions who were taken hostage by the Maute group on the first day of the clashes, were still being held by the group according to Marawi bishop Edwin de la Peña.[97]

May 27
 
Internally Displaced Persons (IDPs) from Marawi staying in Iligan

1st Infantry Division spokesman Lt. Col. Jo-Ar Herrera told reporters: "We have identified where they are consolidating so we are doing surgical air strikes to destroy the local terrorist group."[98] The military troops and Special Action Force continued their clearing operations by checking each house and building in the city's downtown area.[99] During the operations on Saturday, troops had encountered child warriors as young as 10 years old armed with M-16 rifles being used by the Maute group.[99]

By May 27, 90 percent of Marawi's population of more than 200,000 people had been evacuated to neutral grounds, particularly in Iligan.[100]

May 28–31

May 28

The regional military spokesman Jo-Ar Herrera reported 19 civilians, some of whom were women and children, had been killed in Marawi by May 27. Eight civilians were found dead on the side of the road on the outskirts of Marawi on the previous Sunday (May 22).[101] The victims were later identified as local carpenters who were part of an evacuation convoy; the militants stopped the convoy and then massacred those who could not recite verses from the Quran.[102] Authorities said that 2,000 civilians were trapped in militant-controlled areas.[103]

Reports came in that 28 Malaysians had joined the Maute group. Citing intelligence sources in Manila, a Malaysian newspaper reported that the Malaysians arrived early last week supposedly for a religious event and may have also taken up arms, a conclusion they arrived at after 2 Malaysians were killed in firefights.[104] The ongoing clash also raised concerns in Jakarta that extremist groups in Indonesia could be drawn to join the fight in Marawi as well.[105]

Malacañang Palace Communications Secretary Martin Andanar appealed for foreign support in fighting the extremist groups in southern Philippines. In an interview with China Central Television, Andanar said "We need support, be that economic support, ideological support to fight the ISIS. Now, it is an international issue. We are doing our best to contain the ISIS and to stop it from spreading in the country."[106]

May 29
 
The "Peace Corridor" set up by combined forces of the Philippine government and Moro Islamic Liberation Front to hasten humanitarian efforts in support of affected Marawi residents. The orange line shows the scope of the corridor which covers Marawi itself and the towns of Marantao, Balindong, Tugaya, Bacolod-Kalawi, Madalum, Madamba, Ganassi, and Malabang.

The death toll in Marawi had reached 100, the Philippine military confirmed Monday, including 19 civilians and 61 militants.[107] The military had also retaken most of Marawi previously occupied by the extremist groups. Presidential Spokesperson Ernesto Abella said Monday that only small areas in the city remained under militants' control.[108] Also on Monday, the Philippine military reported that the Bangsamoro Islamic Freedom Fighters[a] from neighboring Maguindanao joined the Maute and Abu Sayyaf groups in Marawi and that the Abu Sayyaf leader Isnilon Hapilon remained holed up in the city.[109]

Amid continuing air strikes and as the militants fought government forces on May 29, fourteen hostages managed to escape their Maute captors. The men said they were part of a group of 20 who had been taken captive on May 27 while evacuating the city. Their captors forced them to film a video appeal to Duterte to accede to the militants' demands or the hostages would be killed. One of the hostages was indeed beheaded, they reported, and one drowned during the escape.[110]

A spokesman for Nur Misuari said Misuari ordered the Moro National Liberation Front to fight any Maute in Lanao del Sur.[111] Misuari offered a unit of 500 to 700 MNLF fighters to help fight the extremists.[111] Luis Jalandoni of the National Democratic Front stated his group was willing to help as well.[111]

The Moro Islamic Liberation Front and the government decided to implement a "peace corridor" in Lanao del Sur as part of an effort to hasten humanitarian operations for displaced Marawi residents. The corridor spans from Marawi proper down to Malabang.[112]

May 30
 
Naval Forces Western Mindanao sent off two Navy vessels to Marawi City on May 30, 2017 at Naval Station Romulo Espaldon, Calarian, Zamboanga City to transport Fleet-Marine Team to augment troops fighting against the Maute in Marawi City.

In a video released on May 30, abducted priest Fr. Teresito Soganub pleaded the government to stop their offensive against the militants and withdraw all their forces from Marawi and Lanao del Sur. Marawi Bishop Edwin dela Peña says that Soganub was relaying the Maute group's demands in exchange for the safety of Suganob and other people taken as hostages.[113]

The Marawi city center remains under control of the Maute militants, as two of three bridges leading to the Marawi city center, the Mapandi and Bayabao bridges, still contained roadblocks and enemy vehicles with a black flag flying in front of them.[114]

The Philippine Marines had been able to recover eighteen high-powered firearms, police and military uniforms, and black flags from their two-day clearing operations in Marawi. They also reported that eight terrorists had been killed Tuesday.[114]

In a joint statement from the Philippine government and the Moro Islamic Liberation Front released Tuesday, Murad Ebrahim said the MILF welcomed the President's invitation for its forces to extend humanitarian assistance to civilians still trapped in Marawi.[115]

May 31
 
BRP Tarlac in Iligan offloading military units meant to augment government forces fighting in Marawi

AFP spokesperson Restituto Padilla said Wednesday that government forces have retaken 90 percent of Marawi, including parts of the city center and the two bridges that lead to it.[116][117] According to Padilla, the surge in the number of militants might have something to do with the sympathizers they freed from the city jail, but that the military managed to secure all entry and exit points to prevent possible reinforcements for the militants.[116]

The Associated Press reported that eleven soldiers were killed and seven others were wounded by friendly fire in a military air strike as government security forces struggled to drive off remnants of the militant groups from the city.[118] An AFP spokesman said the incident happened when a SIAI-Marchetti SF.260 turboprop aircraft providing close air support "over militant positions in Marawi" dropped a bomb that accidentally hit an army unit locked in close-range combat with the militants. Defense Secretary Delfin Lorenzana ordered an investigation on the incident.[118]

At least eight militants have surrendered to government troops on Wednesday.[119] According to AFP spokesman Restituto Padilla, the militants surrendered to the unit of Marine Task Force Tiger Tawitawi Commanding general Custodio Parcon and "have provided very, very valuable intelligence." It was the first time that members of the militant groups have surrendered since laying siege to Marawi on May 23, 2017.[119] Additional marines and relief supplies arrived via transport ship on May 31.[120]

June

June 1–3

June 1

In a news conference, Defense Secretary Delfin Lorenzana announced that eight foreign militants had been killed in Marawi, five of which they have identified as Malaysian, Indonesian, Saudi Arabian, Yemeni and a Chechen.[121] Lorenzana also said they have revised their estimate of the number of militants involved in the Marawi attacks since last week from the initial 100 militants to 500 militants, which he said was composed of 260 Maute militants, 100 Abu Sayyaf militants under Isnilon Hapilon, and the rest from other local militant organizations. He said 280 militants have fled the city, some of them mixing with civilians in neighboring towns while an estimated 50 to 100 militants remained in Marawi.[122]

A friendly fire incident took place in Marawi. Two Philippine Air Force planes bombed rebel positions, but one plane missed its target and instead hit government troops on the ground, killing 10 soldiers.[123][124] Following the incident, Senate President Aquilino Pimentel III asked for a review of the Philippine military's strategy in the ongoing campaign against the militant groups in Marawi.[125] Senator Antonio Trillanes called the incident "tragic and unfortunate" as he called on the military to ensure that similar incidents will never happen again. Senator Panfilo Lacson encouraged the public to support the AFP as well as the investigation being conducted.[125]

June 2

Malacañang Palace spokesman Ernesto Abella dispelled speculations that the 2017 Resorts World Manila attack that transpired in the early hours of June 2, 2017 in Pasay was connected to the ongoing military offensive against the Maute group in Marawi or to ISIS. He also denied any possible terrorism link in the incident.[126]

In an update to the media on the situation in Marawi, the AFP spokesperson said that the militants remained holed up in commercial buildings in the city center and that they believe Isnilon Hapilon to be still in Marawi. He also acknowledged that their earlier June 2 deadline for completely taking back the city from the militant groups would not be met as they continued to put up significant resistance.[127] The Indonesian Foreign Ministry through its embassy in Manila was able to rescue 17 of their citizens from Marawi on Thursday with help from the AFP.[128]

June 3

On June 3, 2017, Duterte and Nur Misuari (founding chairman of the Moro National Liberation Front) made an agreement that 2000 MNLF fighters would be enlisted into the Philippine military and join in the fighting in Marawi.[129] However, a few days later, both the Armed Forces of the Philippines and Duterte himself issued statements that this would not be happening soon.[130][131]

June 4–10

June 4
 
A convoy of Filipino soldiers participating in the Battle of Marawi in transit

On June 4, 2017, a ceasefire agreement was reached between the Philippine government and the ISIL fighters remaining in the center of Marawi. This ceasefire had been facilitated by MILF, which had been asked by Duterte to help negotiate a settlement by which civilians still trapped in the city could be evacuated. The ceasefire was to begin at 8 A.M. and last for four hours. However, the Philippines Military units in the city refused to accept the terms of the ceasefire, and only allowed the evacuation of those individuals on the edges of the areas controlled by ISIL. Fighting in the city broke out at 9 A.M. The army claimed that 179 civilians were evacuated, while a presidential spokesperson claimed that 134 were evacuated—fewer than on preceding days—leaving about 2,000 civilians trapped in the city. Two soldiers were injured.[132][133][134]

Authorities claimed that the total number of civilian casualties had increased from 20 to 38, all killed by militants, while local residents claimed that airstrikes had killed dozens of civilians.[134]

June 6

On June 6, 2017, police in Davao arrested Cayamora Maute, the 67-year-old patriarch of the leaders of the Maute group. He was arrested at a Task Force Davao checkpoint in Sirawan, Toril District. Cayamora was aboard a van wearing a surgical mask to avoid identification, when they were stopped at the checkpoint.[135]

June 9
 
Members of the government cabinet inspecting weapons retrieved by security forces from ASG-Maute militants.

On June 9, 2017, the police received information and arrested the mother of the Maute terrorist group leaders, Ominta Romato Maute. Ominta, also known as Farhana, was arrested in the town of Masiu in Lanao del Sur, along with two other wounded family members and 7 other unidentified females.[136] Also on June 9, it was reported that 13 Philippine Marines had been killed and 40 wounded during a clearing operation in Marawi. American Special Forces were deployed to the city in an advisory role.[137]

June 11–17

June 11

On June 11, 2017, the Armed Forces of the Philippines (AFP) on Sunday announced that it has so far killed 191 Maute group terrorists in the ongoing operations to clear Marawi.

June 12 (Philippine Independence Day)

On June 12, 2017, the Philippines' Independence day, the Armed Forces of the Philippines hoped that as of this day, Marawi siege will be over. The Philippine Government raised the symbolic Philippine Flag in several places in Marawi like the Marawi City Hall, Lanao del Sur Provincial Capitol, Camp Ranao, Mindanao State University, Amai Pakpak Hospital and several roads in the city. Philippine troops, Tanks, Rescue Van and trucks, Police cars, Patrol Cars, Army Service units and Heavy Tanks also carried a Philippine Flag which symbolizes that the roads they are roaming around are part of Philippine Territory to fight back to the Maute's black flag. However, the battle still continues.[138]

June 16

The Armed Forces of the Philippines announced that they have begun "normalization operations" and has begun cooperating with local government units in restoring the situation in Marawi back to normal. Clashes against militants continues.[139] The Philippine Army stated that it had secured 90% of Marawi, on June 16, 2017.[140][141]

June 18–24

June 19

The Armed Forces of the Philippines raided a Maute group safehouse, where they confiscated bags of shabu (methamphetamine hydrochloride) and related drug paraphernalia. Captain Eric Estrevillo of the 49th Infantry Battalion stated on a press conference that Maute group members use shabu to endure long battles, and in addition, looked "high" during combat.[142]

June 23

The Philippine government accepts Australia's offer to send two AP-3C Orion surveillance aircraft to assist the Armed Forces of the Philippines in Marawi.[143]

June 24

According to some news websites, the leader of Abu Sayyaf and the emir of the ISIS Philippines Isnilon Hapilon withdrew from Marawi, according to Lt. Gen. Carlito Galvez, the head of Western Mindanao Command. However, according to the Philippine Military, Isnilon's escape from the city is yet to be confirmed.[144]

The Philippine military declared an 8-hour ceasefire effective from 6:00 am of June 25 to give way for the observance of Eid el-Fitr but has maintained that the ceasefire will be lifted if the militants open fire at government forces or civilians.[145]

June 25–30

June 25 (Start of Eid al-Fitr)

At 6:50 a.m. amidst a congressional prayers for the Eid al-Fitr celebration held at the provincial capitol building, suspected gunshots were heard; a few minutes after the unilateral ceasefire by the government was declared. Entrance and exit points to Marawi remained guarded by government security forces against the influx of aid to Maute forces and assist civilians fleeing the city.[146]

Civilian volunteers along with Moro Islamic Liberation Front members took advantage of the ceasefire to repatriate civilians in opposing combat areas. ISIL-linked militant snipers opened fire at some government held positions but none of the clashes during the ceasefire were deemed major by the government. When the unilateral ceasefire expired, full-scale hostilities between government forces and militants continued.[147]

June 30

Two surveillance planes which were committed by Australia started conducting operations in Marawi. Filipino pilots and technicians were aboard the aircraft and assisted in relaying information to forces on the ground. The mission involving the Australian planes was set to place for two weeks.[148]

July

July 1–15

 
A helicopter of the Philippine Air Force conducting airstrikes
July 3

Defense Secretary Delfin Lorenzana said senior ISIS leader Isnilon Hapilon was believed to be hiding inside one of the mosques in Marawi.[149]

July 4

Presidential spokesman Ernesto Abella confirmed reports that Maute has looted an estimated P500 million worth of money from Marawi.[150] Dansalan College, which had been used by the militants as a sniper roost, was retaken by government troops and 410 firearms were recovered since clearing operations began.[151]

July 12

A FA-50PH Golden Eagle fighter jet missed a target by 250 meters (820 ft) resulting in friendly fire which killed two soldiers and injured 11 others. All FA-50s were grounded pending an investigation while other air assets of the Philippine Air Force remained operating in Marawi.[152]

July 13

As of 7 p.m. on July 13, security forces have killed 394 terrorists and recovered 498 firearms. But government fatalities numbered 93 while the terrorists killed 45 civilians. Troops were able to rescue 1,723 people from the war-torn city but there are still some 300 civilians who are either trapped by the fighting or taken hostage by the terrorists.[153]

July 15

According to Brig. Gen. Resituto Padilla, the military is still assessing the security accession of the Battle of Marawi even though the fight was on its climax. Also, he noted that the campaign will continue before and even after Duterte's State of the Nation Address.

He also noted that the AFP is doing its best to accomplish the 10–15 day deadline set by the president.[153]

July 16–31

July 18

National news agencies told the public that Duterte is considering to extend the martial law until the end of the year, which is December 31. The president insists that Martial Law is needed for faster rehabilitation of Marawi after the battle has ended.

"I have come to the conclusion that the existing rebellion in Mindanao, which has prompted me to issue Proclamation No. 216 on May 23, 2017, will not be quelled completely by July 22, 2017," Duterte said in a portion of his letter read aloud by the Executive Spokesperson Ernesto Abella. "For this reason, because public safety requires it, I call upon the Congress to extend until December 31, 2017 or for such a period of time as the Congress may determine the proclamation of martial law and the suspension of privilege of the writ of habeas corpus in the whole of Mindanao," he added.[154]

July 19

Duterte said the Marawi crisis birthed a "newly evolving type of urban warfare" and his declaration of martial law in Mindanao is meant to fight this menace. In the full text of his letter to Congress released on that day, Duterte said this type of warfare is "characterized by the rebels' total disregard for civilian lives, cruelty to combatants and non-combatants alike, widespread looting, and pillaging of occupied communities."[155]

He added this particular kind of warfare resulted in a "significant number of casualties," and firefights that have prevented government troops from moving forward as well as clean up operations.[156]

July 20

Militant control over Mapandi Bridge ended when government forces took control of the structure.[157]

July 22

Through a joint session of the Philippines' Congress of the Philippines between the House of Representatives and the Senate, 16 senators, 261-18 Congressmen (Not one congressman abstained among those present),[16] in favor of Duterte's request, voted for the extension of Proclamation Order No. 216—Imposing Martial Law in the whole Mindanao Region. This extension is valid until December 31, 2017.[158]

July 27

Agakhan Sharief, a Marawi Muslim cleric well known to the Maute clan, stated in November 2017 that the militants had asked Muslim leaders to urge Duterte in allowing the militants to escape in return for release of the hostages. He stated that they had asked for help in arranging for MILF to receive the hostages and escorting the militants out of the city. MILF's top peace negotiator, Mohagher Iqbal, confirmed the Maute proposal, but the government had ignored it. Delfin Lorenzana said that Duterte was aware of the offer but it was "too little, too late."[159]

August

August 18

Joint Task Force Marawi stated that the main battle area of the conflict is now confined to an area of covering 800 x 600 meters (2624.67 x 1968.5 feet). 400 buildings remained unclear from Maute elements by government forces.[160]

August 19

Maute militants are now confined to an area near the city's Grand Mosque with 40 civilians believed to be still held hostage.[160]

August 22

Government forces recaptured the Marawi City Police Station from the militants. Among the first features seized by ISIL-link militants in the early part of the battle, the police station is considered a "strategic location" by the Philippine military.[161]

August 23–24

The Grand Mosque where hostages by ISIL-linked militants were allegedly held was recaptured by government forces. However troops did not encounter any militants or the hostages when they entered the building.[162]

August 25–29

Captain Jo-Ann Petinglay, the spokesman of Joint Task Force Marawi, stated that the military had recaptured St. Mary's Catholic Cathedral, one of the first facilities occupied by the militants when they laid siege to the city. General Eduardo Año said that their leaders had been cornered in a battle zone restricted to 500 square metres. AFP meanwhile reported deaths of 10 militants who tried to sneak from Lake Lanao into Marawi as reinforcements.[163]

September

 
The following bridges above Agus River in Marawi were tagged as strategic by government forces[164] along with dates when the government secured control over the structures; from top to bottom:
  • Mapandi Bridge (July 20)
  • Bayabao (Banggolo) Bridge (September 1)
  • Raya Madaya (Masiu) Bridge (September 24)
ISIL-linked militants were concentrated on the west side of the river.
September 1

The military took control of Bayabao Bridge after clashes which saw three soldiers and five militants killed. The structure which connects the conflict area to the city center is the second bridge recaptured by government forces.[165][166]

September 16

At around 17:00, government forces regained control over the Bato Mosque and the Amaitul Islamiya Marawi Foundation building which was used by ISIL-linked militants as their control center after a five-hour gunfight. At 17:00, Father Chito Soganub, who was reportedly held taken hostage few months ago was found by government forces abandoned by his captors near the mosque and was flown to Davao City to meet Duterte.[167]

September 24

Government forces secured Masiu Bridge, also known as the Raya Madaya Bridge, one of the critical bridges which the militants had occupied and which leads to Lake Lanao, thus depriving the militants of an escape route. This was described by the government as a significant development in the battle.[168][169][170]

September 25

The Sultan Of Marawi, Sultan Hamidullah Atar, following President Rodrigo Duterte's earlier offer for a dialogue with the militants, offered to mediate between Maute Group and government forces to spare civilians still trapped inside the Marawi City and pave way for the possible release of hostages.

Atar, who is also a conflict mediation professional, said talks with the Maute group can be done through the traditional mechanisms as they are also Maranaos. He related that he was able to link up with several members of the Maute group while he was also trapped in Marawi for 4 days.[171]

October

October 10

Eight foreign militants, along with Isnilon Hapilon and Omar Maute, were acting as leaders of the ISIL-linked militants by October 10, according to the Philippine military.[172]

October 16

Isnilon Hapilon and Omar Maute were reportedly killed during the operation of rescuing the hostages on October 16, according to the statement released by Defense Secretary Delfin Lorenzana.[173][174][175] On the same day, the Philippine Army estimated that there were about 100 ISIL militants still fighting in Marawi.[176]

October 17

Following the deaths of Omar Maute and Isnilon Hapilon, Duterte declared the liberation of Marawi. At around 2PM, he addressed a crowd, saying: "I hereby declare Marawi City liberated from the terrorist influence that marks the beginning of rehabilitation of Marawi."[177][178][179] AFP Chief Gen. Eduardo Año said that the announcement meant that the conflict is substantially over now that the militants' leaders were killed. However, he maintained that there were skirmishes and that 20–30 militants with 20 hostages remained confined in a 2 hectares (4.9 acres) area in the city.[180]

October 18–19

Military officials stated on October 18 that 4 militants had been killed, while 10 soldiers were injured in fighting that continued after Duterte's "liberation" declaration.[181] AFP said on the following day that the senior ISIL commander Mahmud Ahmad may have been among the 13 militants killed overnight, though they were still trying to verify his death with two rescued hostages stating that he had died and was buried. Meanwhile, seven more hostages were rescued on the same day.[182] Seven more terrorists were killed on October 19 according to AFP.[183]

October 20–21

Lt. Gen. Carlito Galvez stated on October 20 that they had rescued 10 hostages, while 11 people, about whom it was not known whether they were hostages or Maute members, were also in their custody. He added that four hostages were still being held by the terrorists while a small band of Maute fighters were making a last stand in three buildings.[184] Padilla added that a soldier was killed, while three others were wounded in military operations during the day.[185] The military meanwhile started a gradual pullout of troops from the battle zone following the mission against Hapilon and Omar.[186]

October 21

Galvez stated on next day that about 20 militants, including five significant figures, remained in a small area of the city. He also added that they were closing in on three sons of Hapilon, two Malaysians including Amin Bacu, and a prominent Indonesian militant.[187] Gen. Pamonag declared victory on the same day, however the military stated that Maute fighters were still resisting in a small area. Baco and an Indonesian, Ibno Kayin, were named as their leaders.[188]

October 22

Deputy commander of the operation, Col. Romeo Brawner, told a press conference that an estimated 30 people, including militants and some of their family members, were fighting to hold a fortified two-storey building next to Lake Lanao, which was the final ISIL-held building in Marawi. He added that soldiers were using loudspeakers to urge them to surrender and that the military didn't know who their leader was.[189] Brawner also declared that the military had rescued the last 20 hostages by October 22. As of then, 919 militants and 165 security personnel had been killed in the battle.[190]

October 23

On October 23, the AFP cleared the final ISIL-held building in Marawi, fully recapturing the city. General Eduardo Año stated bodies of 42 dead militants were found in two buildings and a mosque in the battle zone, stating that it was possible that some militants were still hiding. The bodies also included two wives of Maute gunmen. Meanwhile, Defense Secretary Delfin Lorenzana announced the end of the battle and the end of combat operations in the area.[60][191][192] He added that Bacu was believed to be among those 42 dead militants.[22] Intelligence sources later stated that he was among the last three or four militants who could have escaped.[193] However, in November, the Philippine Army stated that they believed that Amin Bacu had been killed during the battle, and that the remnants of the Maute group were now largely leaderless.[24]

Casualties

 
Wake for soldiers who died in the conflict

The casualties reported were as follows:

The police chief of Malabang, Romeo Enriquez, whose beheading was cited by Duterte as one of the bases for his declaration of martial law in a speech on May 24, 2017,[197] was later found to be alive.[198][199][200] The police officer actually killed was identified by the ARMM PNP as Senior Inspector Freddie Solar, a former police chief of Malabang and member of the Drug Enforcement Unit of the Lanao del Sur Provincial Police.[201]

The Armed Forces of the Philippines' highest-ranking combat casualty was Rommel Sandoval, a Captain commanding a company of Philippine Army Scout Rangers.[202] Sandoval was posthumously conferred the Medal of Valor.[203]

Along with the casualties, much of Marawi was flattened in what was described as the heaviest urban fighting in the Philippines since World War II.[204]

Deaths of evacuees due to diseases

According to the Philippines' Health Department report on June 16, at least 40 evacuees, who were staying outside evacuation centers, died of dehydration, while 19 others lost their lives as a result of diseases contracted due to living in congested evacuation camps.[205][206] The following month, the Health Secretary denied this report and stated just four evacuees died of dehydration, instead of 40.[207][208][209] However, in September, it was once again reported 40 evacuees had died due to illness.[46]

Aftermath

 
Lanao del Sur government officials visit the so-called "Ground Zero" or "Main Battle Area" in Marawi for the first time following the end of the conflict.

Post-battle fighting and clearing operations

After the end of military operations, the AFP killed a suspected surviving militant trying to escape on October 31, according to Col. Romeo Brawner.[210] Muhammad Ilham Syaputra, an Indonesian militant who reportedly played a role in the 2016 Jakarta attacks, was caught near Marawi on November 1. He was caught while trying to escape from a district where several Maute fighters had been hiding, according to the police.[211] Military officials stated on the next day that two militants engaged in a firefight with AFP and were killed during the night of November 1. Task Force Ranao deputy commander Romeo Brawner stated that Abu Talha, who was Hapilon's trusted aide for years, in addition to an unidentified militant, were killed while hiding in a building.[212]

In the aftermath of Marawi Battle, terrorist threats in the Philippines persist.[213] Sporadic fighting continued following the declaration of victory, with troops battling some fighters hiding amid the ruins.[214] The military stated on November 6 that nine more militants were killed in day-long clashes. Brawner stated that one of them was Ibrahim Maute alias Abu Jamil, a cousin of the Maute brothers. Philippine National Police chief Ronald dela Rosa meanwhile claimed that Amin Baco was still alive and had become the new emir. Military officials however said they believed Baco had been killed during the clashes on the same day or in recent weeks.[215][216] Lt. Gen. Carlito Galvez said at a separate briefing that Baco and Abdullah, one of Hapilon's sons, could be among the nine who were killed.[217] Two more militants were later killed, raising their death toll to 11, according to the military.[218]

On November 16, the AFP stated that they believed there were no more stragglers in Marawi, due to the lack of fighting between both sides for the past few weeks.[219] Galvez confirmed in December 2017 the deaths of all the Maute brothers had been killed by AFP. He added that the military was continuing its manhunt for Abu Dar, a senior Maute leader.[19] Dar was reported in January 2018 to have recruited new fighters from the cash and gold looted in Marawi.[220] A year after the Battle of Marawi, threats of the Islamic State in the Philippines were still alive.[221] Even three years after, terrorist threats in the Philippines emanating from the pro-ISIS groups continue unabated even during the COVID-19 pandemic.[222]

Infrastructure damage

 
Map of the destruction left in the main battle area after the five-month-long battle in Marawi

The battle left the city in ruins[223] with 95 percent of the structures within the 4 square kilometres (1.5 sq mi) of the main battle area to be heavily damaged or completely collapsed. 3,152 buildings were completely destroyed and 2,145 buildings were partially to heavily damaged due to the five-month heavy bombardment during the war.[224]

Displacement of residents

Government estimates placed the number of residents displaced during the crisis at 200,000. About 70 percent of displaced residents lived in nearby temporary government shelters as of May 2018.[225] According to a United Nations estimate in December 2017, the number of indigenous Lumads that have been displaced is at 2,500.[226]

The Battle for Marawi took a heavy toll on infrastructure and private property in the city quarter where the battle was concentrated. At one point, over 200,000 of the civilian population evacuated to neighboring cities and towns such as Iligan, Cagayan de Oro, and Lanao Norte coastal towns at the start of hostilities.[227] In April 2018, the government allowed limited return to residential areas due to the danger of a reported eight unexploded ordnance, one 60-millimeter mortar, one hand grenade, six 40-millimeter rounds of ammunition, and 70 undetonated bombs dropped by the Philippine military, according to Joint Task Force Ranao commander Maj. Gen. Roseller Guanzon Murillo of the Philippine Army’s 1st Infantry Tabak Division.[228]

By May 2018, around 70 percent of Marawi's residents had returned home.[229] According to the Philippines' Department of Social Welfare and Development, 64,364 displaced families have returned to the city as of July 2018.[230] As of March 2019, around 70,000 people were still displaced.[231]

Human rights concerns

An Amnesty International report released on November 16, 2017, blamed the militants and government forces of widespread abuses, some of which amount to war crimes. It was based on interviews with 48 survivors and witnesses, as well as local leaders, journalists and activists. It accused pro-ISIL fighters of extrajudicial killings and hostage-taking while accusing soldiers of mistreating people in custody. It also stated that government shelling caused widespread destruction in Marawi, civilians were trapped in crossfire and all parties engaged in looting.[232]

Per the report, the pro-ISIL fighters targeted and brutally killed Christians or anyone who couldn't recite Shahada (profession of Muslim faith). Victims of pro-ISIL fighters were either held hostage or killed. Amnesty International documented at least 25 extrajudicial killings at their hands. Hostages were tortured and abused, made to forage for food, collected and buried cadavers, dug foxholes for fighters, made IEDs, were forced to fight the Army or used as sex slaves. Those attempting to escape were shot or beheaded, Amnesty International said.[232]

Meanwhile, Amnesty International also reported that several survivors accused that they were shot at, beaten and tortured by Philippine Marines to make them confess of being an ISIL member, with one survivor stating he was doused with a hot liquid. Witnesses also said that 10 hostages were killed in air strikes by pro-government forces. It questioned whether civilian deaths and "large-scale destruction" in government air and ground attacks were "militarily necessary and proportional to the threat posed" by the fighters. It also questioned whether the operations met the requirements under international humanitarian law based on the fact that the military carried out bombings even after it declared only a few militants remained alive.[232]

AFP reiterated in November 2018 its commitment to protecting human rights in response to the report by Amnesty International. AFP spokesman Maj. Gen. Restituto Padilla said soldiers accused of abuses will be investigated and those found guilty will be disciplined. He gave filing of looting charges against an army officer and five soldiers as an example of the commitment. In response to claims of "disproportionate air and ground attacks" by AFP, he asked the public to take into consideration the difficulties faced by it.[233]

According to a Mindanao-based human rights group, there have been 130 reported cases of extrajudicial killings one year into the declaration of martial law in Mindanao, with most of the victims being peasants and indigenous Lumads.[234]

City restoration

Main article: Rehabilitation of Marawi

The rehabilitation and restoration of the city officially began on October 18, 2017,[235] but efforts began in June 2017[236] even as the battle was ongoing. Rehabilitation is estimated to cost ₱53 billion to 80 billion, according to projections by NEDA and Task Force Bangon Marawi.[225][237][238] Some displaced residents remain in relocation sites on the outskirts of the city.[231]

Reactions

See also: Reactions to the Declaration of Martial Law in Mindanao

Domestic

Government

 
Duterte briefs the 4th Infantry Division at the troops' Headquarters-6 regarding the crisis.
National government
See also: Proclamation No. 216

Following the clash, Duterte declared martial law in Mindanao at 10:00 in the evening (UTC+8) of May 23, 2017. As per the 1987 Constitution, the state of martial law will initially last for 60 days. Duterte also decided to shorten his diplomatic visit to Russia.[239]

Vice President Leni Robredo started organizing donations[240][241] and directing relief operations for the victims.[242]

Several checkpoints were set up in Metro Manila on Sunday May 28, 2017.[243]

The Department of Education launched the Brigada for Marawi (transl.  "Brigade for Marawi") program to help displaced teachers and students from Marawi. As part of the program, the department has solicited donations from the public, tracked displaced teachers and students and provided psychological aid to affected teachers.[244] The Department of Social Welfare and Development pledged to provide one-time aid of ₱1,000 to each displaced family. It is meant to enable Muslim families to still observe Ramadan.[245]

An inter-agency task force called the Task Force Bangon Marawi was set up on June 28, 2017, to facilitate the rehabilitation of Marawi after the conflict subsides.[246]

The government decided in July 2017 to withdraw its financial support for the Philippine Olympic Committee to host the 2019 Southeast Asian Games; reallocating funds meant for the hosting of the games for the rehabilitation of Marawi.[247] However, the government later rescinded the cancellation and held the games.[248]

Local government units

The government of the Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao has allocated ₱35 million as aid for displaced Marawi residents. The regional health department has also set up an operations center for the displaced.[249] Other governments in Mindanao have also provided relief aid such as Compostela Valley and Davao City.[250]

In a manifesto, all mayors of Lanao del Sur in August 2017 labeled the Maute Group and its sympathizers as an "Enemy of the Maranao People" and also classified the group under the ISIL.[251]

Institutions

The University of Makati began admitting displaced people from Marawi, and children of soldiers who fought in the conflict under a scholarship program.[252]

Religious sectors and community leaders

 
Lanao sultans making an open letter to Duterte urging for the quick resolution of the Battle of Marawi

The President of the Catholic Bishops' Conference of the Philippines, Socrates Villegas, on Wednesday, 24 May, asked for prayers after Maute militants took a priest and some parishioners hostage in Marawi. The CBCP President also asked the government forces to "make the safety of the hostages a primordial consideration" while ensuring that the law is upheld.[253] The Philippine Center for Islam and Democracy condemned the acts of the militant groups saying that their acts were contrary to the teachings of Islam. The Muslim group noted that the incident occurred at the time when Muslims were preparing for Ramadan, which according to them made the acts of the militants more heinous.[254] 22 sultans and imams from Marawi also urged Duterte for the resolution of the crisis before the end of Ramadan and told the militants which they say are not Marawinians to leave the besieged city and insist that Islam respects values and respects humanity.[255]

Sheik Abehuraira Abdulrahman Udasan, a mufti, issued a fatwa "against the entry and spread of violent radicalism or extremism" in the Bangsamoro area. This edict was supported by the militant group MILF, which has been assisting the government.[256]

Muslim clerics from a Ulama conference while expressing support for government efforts in regards to the peace process in Mindanao called for an end of air strike by government forces while condemning the acts of the militants as violent extremism and appealed Duterte to appoint a Muslim Justice of the Supreme Court.[257]

Social media

 
Philippine National Police advisory addressed to the public regarding the dissemination of information in relation to the Marawi crisis

Reactions to the declaration of martial law were mixed on social media.[258] Amidst unconfirmed reports of beheading and kidnapping, PNP spokesman Dionardo Carlos appealed in a press briefing addressed to the public to limit "to what they know what they see" in making posts relevant to the Marawi incident in social media.[259] Numerous Filipino TV personalities have expressed their reactions to the ongoing clash between the government forces and the Maute terror groups in Mindanao. Some Pinoy celebrities also called for unity despite the division in political alliances.[260]

Others

A group of civilian evacuees who fled from the city organized as the Meranaw Victims Movement (MVM) in September 2017. They have issued statements to the ISIL-linked militants to release the hostages and leave Marawi through a Facebook post or the MVM would be "compelled to face" them. The MVM has also called for the halt of airstrikes on the city as well as the return of evacuated civilians to their homes.[261]

International

China,[262] Russia,[263] and the United States[264] expressed support for the security efforts of the Philippine Government, with Russian President Vladimir Putin also expressing condolence for the victims of the crisis.[263] Canada has also said that they will extend humanitarian aid upon request of the Philippine government.[265]

Malaysia began to tighten its border with the Philippines shortly after the President announced martial law,[266] while the United Kingdom warned its citizens to avoid traveling to western Mindanao.[267] Saudi Arabia through its embassy in Manila also advised its citizens to avoid public places in the Philippines in general.[268] Malaysian Prime Minister Najib Razak also announced his government's full support to Philippine forces.[269]

Malaysia, the Philippines and Indonesia will launch joint patrols in waters off the Mindanao region to counter threats from Islamic State group militants. Joint sea patrols in the waters bordering the three nations would kick off on June 19, 2017.[270]

Meanwhile, the Indonesian military will also strengthen its outer islands bordering the Philippines by building more military bases to prevent the militant groups from entering Indonesia.[271]

Aid

Military aid
 
Australia sent AP-3C Orion planes to the southern Philippines following the conflict as surveillance support.[272] The planes started flying over Marawi on June 30 with Filipino pilots and technicians aboard as part of the crew.[148]

The United States provided several deliveries of military equipment. In May 2017, the United States delivered 200 Glock pistols, 300 M4 carbines, 100 grenade launchers, four mini-guns, and individual operator gear worth ₱250 million (US$5 million). Two Cessna 208 surveillance aircraft worth ₱1.6 billion (US$31 million) were delivered to the Philippine Air Force in July, and a Tethered Aerostat Radar System was turned over to the Philippine Navy in August to enhance its maritime surveillance capabilities. A Raven tactical UAV, delivered in January 2017, was also used in Marawi.[4]

On June 23, Australia announced it would provide surveillance support to the Philippines' armed forces by sending two RAAF AP-3C Orion maritime patrol aircraft on flights over the southern Philippines.[273][274] After the operational details regarding the surveillance support were finalized between the Philippine and Australian military, it was planned that the AP-3C Orion would be immediately deployed in Marawi.[272] In August 2017 the offer was extended further to include the deployment of special forces in a training and advisory role, similar to the role Australian forces play in Iraq.[275] The Philippines accepted the offer in early September 2017 and talks are ongoing to determine the extent of the assistance.[276]

China donated 50 million renminbi[b] worth of arms aid which comprises around 3,000 rifles and 6 million pieces of ammunition. Three types of rifles were given: sniper rifles, automatic rifles, and marksman rifles.[277]

Russia also pledged to provide weapons, technical and intelligence aid to the Philippines in response to the attack on Marawi which caused President Rodrigo Duterte's state visit to Russia to end earlier than planned.[278] Russia donated 20 multipurpose vehicles, 5,000 Kalashnikov assault rifles, one million rounds of ammunition and 5,000 steel helmets to the Philippines. However these equipment arrived on October 25, 2017, with the battle in Marawi already concluded.[10][279]

Humanitarian aid
 
Humanitarian supplies provided by the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) being delivered by plane.

South Korea[280] made donations to the Philippine Red Cross for the organization's efforts in Marawi. The European Union has pledged to donate 850 thousand euros[c] worth of humanitarian aid meant for people affected in the conflict.[281]

Turkey through its Turkish Cooperation and Coordination Agency has pledged to support to feed displaced Marawi school children studying in temporary learning spaces.[282]

Singapore has offered to provide its air force's C-130 to help bring in humanitarian supplies. It also offered to send UAVs to be manned by Singaporean troops to assist the AFP in enhancing surveillance and intelligence capabilities and urban training villages to help the AFP train in urban warfare.[283][284] Defense Secretary Lorenzana accepted the offer and has instructed the AFP to study the Singaporean military's ISR programs.[285] Thailand has also offered to deploy its troops to Marawi for humanitarian non-combat operations.[286]

On July 6, the Malaysian Armed Forces announced that it was considering sending humanitarian relief for the civilians in Marawi.[287] By July 21, through the country RMAF A400M, food and medical supplies are being sent for the city internally-displaced residents.[288] On July 25, the country promised to send more humanitarian aid as the situation worsened.[289][290]

Relief effort assistance also came from the United States which totaled ₱730 million (US$15 million). ₱153 million (US$3 million) was allocated for supplies such as drinking water, hygiene kits, evacuation centers shelter materials, and for programs to protect displaced women and children. ₱577 million (US$13 million) was earmarked for the stabilization and rehabilitation of the city and surrounding areas, including restoring basic public services such as health care, water, and electricity.[291]

See also

Explanatory notes

  1. ^ a b There have been conflicting reports in regard to the presence of the Bangsamoro Islamic Freedom Fighters (BIFF) during the Battle of Marawi. The Philippines' Secretary of National Defense Delfin Lorenzana stated in June 2017 that about 40 BIFF fighters were among the Jihadist forces inside the city.[30] According to other reports, the group had not only contributed fighters to the battle, but also provided "logistical support" to the ISIL troops in Marawi.[31] A BIFF spokesman stated during the battle that his group "welcomed" the offensive by the Maute group and Abu Sayyaf, but did not confirm that BIFF had troops in Marawi. Instead, the spokesman claimed that the BIFF attacks which coincided with the siege had nothing to do with the Maute group and Abu Sayyaf.[32] Furthermore, the leader of the Moro Islamic Liberation Front Murad Ebrahim claimed in July 2018 that BIFF had not participated in the battle.[33]
  2. ^ About ₱370 million[277]
  3. ^ About ₱49 million[281]

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January 07, 2023
siege, marawi, siege, marawi, filipino, pagkubkob, marawi, also, known, marawi, crisis, krisis, marawi, battle, marawi, labanan, marawi, five, month, long, armed, conflict, marawi, philippines, that, started, 2017, between, philippine, government, security, fo. The siege of Marawi Filipino Pagkubkob sa Marawi 48 49 also known as the Marawi crisis Krisis sa Marawi 50 and the Battle of Marawi Labanan sa Marawi was a five month long armed conflict in Marawi Philippines that started on May 23 2017 between Philippine government security forces and militants affiliated with the Islamic State IS including the Maute and Abu Sayyaf Salafi jihadist groups 51 The battle also became the longest urban battle in the modern history of the Philippines 37 Siege of MarawiPart of the Moro conflict and the War against the Islamic StateA building in Marawi is set ablaze by airstrikes carried out by the Philippine Air Force and the Naval Air Wing of the Philippine NavyDateMay 23 October 23 2017 5 months LocationMarawi Lanao del Sur Philippines8 00 38 N 124 17 52 E 8 0106 N 124 2977 E 8 0106 124 2977ResultPhilippine government victory 14 Failure of the militants to establish a provincial ISIL territory wilayat Martial law declared in Mindanao until December 31 2017 extended throughout 2018 19 15 16 17 18 Isnilon Hapilon Abu Sayyaf leader and ISIL Emir in Southeast Asia killed by the Philippine Army All seven Maute brothers killed by the Philippine Army 19 TerritorialchangesMarawi recaptured by the Armed Forces of the Philippines on October 23 2017Belligerents Philippines Supported by Non state supporters MNLF 1 MILF 2 3 Foreign supporters United States Military equipment aid advisory roles and technical assistance 4 5 6 United Kingdom Intelligence support military and medical aid 7 Australia Intelligence support and advisory roles 8 China Military equipment 9 Russia Military equipment 10 Israel Intelligence support and military equipment 11 Singapore Intelligence and logistics support 12 Islamic State 13 Commanders and leadersRodrigo Duterte President of the Philippines Delfin Lorenzana Defense Secretary Gen Eduardo Ano Chief of Staff of the Armed Forces of the Philippines Lt Gen Carlito Galvez Jr AFP Western Mindanao Command Chief Lt Gen Glorioso Miranda 1st Commanding General of the Philippine Army Lt Gen Rolando Bautista 2nd Commanding General of the Philippine Army 1st Overall Ground Commander Joint Task Force Marawi and the 1st Infantry Division Lt Gen Danilo G Pamonag 2nd Overall Ground Commander Joint Task Force Marawi V Adm Ronald Joseph Mercado Flag Officer in Command of the Philippine Navy Maj Gen Alvin Parreno Commandant of the Philippine Marine Corps Lt Gen Edgar Fallorina Commanding General of the Philippine Air Force Dir Gen Ronald dela Rosa Chief of the Philippine National Police Commo Joel Garcia Officer In Charge of the Philippine Coast Guard Mujiv Hataman Regional Governor of the Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao Bedjoria Soraya Alonto Adiong Governor of Lanao Del Sur Majul Gandamra Mayor of Marawi City Isnilon Hapilon Abu Sayyaf commander and regional Emir Abdullah Maute 19 Maute Group commander Omar Maute Maute Group deputy commander Mahmud Ahmad Abu Sayyaf deputy commander 20 21 Amin Bacu Abu Sayyaf senior commander 22 23 24 Units involvedJoint Task Force Marawi Armed Forces of the Philippines AFP Western Mindanao Command AFP Joint Special Operations Group AFP Reserve Command 25 Philippine Army 1st Scout Ranger Regiment Armor Pambato Division 1st Infantry Division 2nd Infantry Division Army Reserve Command 26 27 Philippine Navy Naval Forces Western Mindanao Philippine Fleet Naval Special Operations Command Naval Air WingPhilippine Marine Corps 1st Marine Brigade 7th Marine Landing Battalion Assault Armor Battalion Force Reconnaissance BattalionPhilippine Air Force 15th Strike Wing 5th Fighter Wing 710th Special Operations WingPhilippine National Police Special Action Force PNP Maritime GroupPhilippine Coast Guard Coast Guard Special Operations Force Coast Guard K9 Force Coast Guard District Northern Mindanao Coast Guard District Southeastern Mindanao Coast Guard District Southwestern Mindanao 1st Special Forces Group U S Navy SEALs U S Navy SWCC technical assistance 28 and Marine Raiders 29 Abu Sayyaf Maute group Bangsamoro Islamic Freedom Fighters a Ansar Khalifa Philippines 30 Strength3 000 soldiers in June 34 6 500 soldiers by September 35 1 000 militants 36 37 Casualties and losses168 killed 38 1 400 wounded 39 978 killed 40 41 12 captured 42 43 44 87 civilians dead 40 due to illness 45 46 Nearly 1 1 million civilians displaced 47 class notpageimage The location of Marawi within Mindanao in the Philippines According to the Philippine government the clashes began during an offensive in Marawi to capture Isnilon Hapilon the leader of the IS affiliated Abu Sayyaf group after receiving reports that Hapilon was in the city possibly to meet with militants of the Maute group 52 53 A deadly firefight erupted when Hapilon s forces opened fire on the combined Army and police teams and called for reinforcements from the Maute group an armed group that pledged allegiance to the Islamic State and which is believed to be responsible for the 2016 Davao City bombing according to military spokesmen 54 Maute group militants attacked Camp Ranao and occupied several buildings in the city including Marawi City Hall Mindanao State University a hospital and the city jail 54 They also occupied the main street and set fire to Saint Mary s Cathedral Ninoy Aquino School and Dansalan College run by the United Church of Christ in the Philippines UCCP 52 55 The militants also took a priest and several churchgoers hostage 56 The Armed Forces of the Philippines stated that some of the terrorists were foreigners who had been in the country for a long time offering support to the Maute group in Marawi Their main objective was to raise an ISIL flag at the Lanao del Sur Provincial Capitol and declare a wilayat or provincial IS territory in Lanao del Sur 57 58 On October 17 2017 the day after the deaths of militant leaders Omar Maute and Isnilon Hapilon President Duterte declared Marawi was liberated from terrorist influence 59 Then on October 23 2017 Defense Secretary Delfin Lorenzana announced that the five month battle against the terrorists in Marawi had finally ended 60 Contents 1 Background 1 1 Prelude to the battle 2 Timeline 2 1 May 2 1 1 May 23 27 2 1 2 May 28 31 2 2 June 2 2 1 June 1 3 2 2 2 June 4 10 2 2 3 June 11 17 2 2 4 June 18 24 2 2 5 June 25 30 2 3 July 2 3 1 July 1 15 2 3 2 July 16 31 2 4 August 2 5 September 2 6 October 3 Casualties 3 1 Deaths of evacuees due to diseases 4 Aftermath 4 1 Post battle fighting and clearing operations 4 2 Infrastructure damage 4 3 Displacement of residents 4 4 Human rights concerns 4 5 City restoration 5 Reactions 5 1 Domestic 5 1 1 Government 5 1 1 1 National government 5 1 1 2 Local government units 5 1 2 Institutions 5 1 3 Religious sectors and community leaders 5 1 4 Social media 5 1 5 Others 5 2 International 5 2 1 Aid 5 2 1 1 Military aid 5 2 1 2 Humanitarian aid 6 See also 7 Explanatory notes 8 References 9 External linksBackground EditThe Battle of Marawi was a consequence of the Philippines long struggle against terrorism in the aftermath of September 11 attacks in the United States against the Abu Sayyaf Group ASG 61 then linked with Al Qaeda and now with the Islamic State 62 But the Battle of Marawi has been associated with the Maute group being its stronghold The Maute group had established a stronghold in Lanao del Sur since February 2016 and was blamed for the 2016 Davao City bombing and two attacks in Butig Lanao del Sur a town located south of Marawi in 2016 63 Since the militant group s founding in 2013 the Philippine government has downplayed the threat of ISIS in the Philippines 64 Following the February 2016 Butig clash with the Maute group then President Benigno Aquino III discounted the possibility of the Islamic State s presence in the country He said that those behind the attack were just mercenaries wanting to be recognized by the Middle East based terror group 65 The Abu Sayyaf group blamed for deadly bombings and kidnappings in the past had also pledged allegiance to the Islamic State movement in the summer of 2014 66 One of its leaders Isnilon Hapilon was listed as among the world s most wanted terrorists by the US State Department with a reward of up to US 5 million for his capture 51 Following the abduction and subsequent beheading of Canadian businessman John Ridsdel in April 2016 Aquino disclosed that he had received death threats from the jihadist group and that the Abu Sayyaf also plotted to kidnap his sister Kris and Manny Pacquiao 67 68 Aquino also identified Hapilon behind attempts to convert and recruit inmates at the New Bilibid Prison to their cause and embark on a bombing campaign in Metro Manila which he said was part of their effort to gain favor with ISIS 69 In November 2016 President Rodrigo Duterte confirmed the Maute group s affiliation with the Islamic State and President Duterte even revealed that the siege of Marawi City was also related to narcoterrorism 70 But the Philippine military maintained that ISIL had not established links with militants in the Philippines 63 Amidst fierce fighting in Butig on November 30 2016 Duterte in a command briefing in Lanao del Sur warned the Maute group I do not want a fight with you I don t want us killing each other but please do not force my hand I cannot be forever traveling here every month just to talk and when I turn around there s killing again I do not want to mention anything but please do not force my hand into it 71 72 On December 2 2016 as the military regained control of Butig the retreating Maute fighters reportedly left a note threatening to behead Duterte and the military 73 On December 12 2016 in a speech before the Wallace Business Forum Dinner Duterte dared the Maute group to attack Marawi stating Because they the Maute group threatened to go down from the mountains to burn down Marawi Go ahead be my guest We will wait for you there No problem 74 75 From April to May 2017 Abu Sayyaf fought in clashes with Philippine security forces in Bohol which resulted in the deaths of three soldiers a policeman and ten militants 76 Prelude to the battle Edit The Armed Forces of the Philippines AFP stated that the fighting in Marawi was due to a raid conducted by the military in coordination with the Philippine National Police contrary to earlier reports that the clash was initiated by the militant groups Rolando Bautista commanding general of the Philippine Army 1st Infantry Division stated that they had received reports of impending activity two or three weeks ahead of time 77 As the combined military and local police team conducted zoning in Marawi to validate the information that suspicious personalities including Omar and Abdullah Maute were consolidating in the area their team instead spotted Isnilon Hapilon 77 According to the Philippine military Hapilon had been appointed as emir of the IS forces in the Philippines and was consolidating his group with the Maute and other terrorist groups 77 78 After residents of Marawi reported the presence of an armed group within their locale and after the AFP verified the information the military launched a surgical operation to capture Hapilon 53 77 only to stumble into an entire city of armed men 79 Timeline EditMay Edit May 23 27 Edit Listing of inmates of the Malabang District Jail at a PNP checkpoint Firefights between government forces and militants began at approximately 2 00 PM local in the afternoon of May 23 2017 The Peace and Conflict Journalism Network reported that the clash occurred in the Basak Malutlut area of the city as Hapilon s forces called for reinforcements from the Maute group Maute fighters occupied the Amai Pakpak Hospital and ordered the PhilHealth employees out of the facility 53 The fighters allegedly replaced the Philippine flag hoisted in the hospital with the Black Standard used by the Islamic State group 80 A staff member of the hospital later denied that this happened 81 The 103rd Brigade of the Philippine Army stationed at Camp Ranao was also attacked by at least 500 Maute group militants 80 A number of militants were then seen waving their ISIS black flags as they roamed the streets of Marawi 82 The whole city was put on lockdown as several buildings and houses were set ablaze by members of the Maute group 51 Dozens of gunmen occupied the Marawi City Hall as 107 inmates escaped from the Marawi City Jail and the Malabang District Jail 39 after the Maute attacks 51 Power and communication lines were also shut down due to the continued hostilities 83 Roads leading to Marawi were blocked by both government security forces and Maute militants 53 Civilians were reported to have been abducted by the Maute group including a priest and several parishioners of the Cathedral of Our Lady Help of Christians as the group demanded that the government stop its offensive against them 84 The clashes sparked a mass evacuation of the city with residents fleeing by the thousands causing traffic congestion on the highway to Iligan and Cagayan de Oro 85 At least eleven civilians had been killed in the ongoing firefight two of which the Lanao del Sur Provincial Disaster Office identified as ambulance drivers who were stopped by Maute militants while responding to an emergency call 86 87 Nine of those civilians were on board a truck when they were stopped by Maute militants at a checkpoint and shot dead with their hands tied 88 89 A police officer was also reported to have been beheaded by the militants 86 May 24On May 24 additional government forces arrived at the Laguindingan Airport as the military regained control of the Amai Pakpak Hospital 87 120 civilians used as a human shield by the Maute group were rescued from the hospital 51 The military had also recaptured the city hall and the Mindanao State University 90 May 25On Thursday May 25 fresh fighting took place near the Lanao del Sur Provincial Capitol in the Marawi city center 90 Black clad Maute and Abu Sayyaf militants were still spotted on the city s major roads and bridges The militants also reportedly took control of the Lanao del Sur Electric Cooperative in Gadungan village 90 The AFP said there were still three or four dozen Maute including Isnilon Hapilon remaining in Marawi 91 The Philippine air force launched strikes against remnants of the group in three nearby villages 91 Reports came in that two Malaysian terrorists who were with Isnilon Hapilon in Marawi to push for the creation of the Islamic State in Southeast Asia were among those militants killed late Thursday Intelligence sources also said that an Indonesian and a Saudi Arabian linked to ISIS were also killed in skirmishes in the city 92 The AFP said that 26 of the around 50 Maute militants in the area were killed and 30 government soldiers were wounded 93 May 26At a press briefing in Davao City AFP Spokesperson Brig Gen Restituto Padilla stated that some of the terrorists were foreigners who had been in the country for quite some time offering support to the Maute group in Marawi He noted that of the twelve killed in a recent engagement six were from out of the country 57 94 Amid continuing operations against the terror groups several houses including the residence of Lanao del Sur Representative Jun Papandayan were seen burning as residents also reported seeing civilians killed after the military dropped bombs on Maute positions Sources said the houses were targeted because of the presence of Maute snipers 95 According to AFP Western Mindanao Command chief Lt Gen Carlito Galvez Jr dwellings in the area were intentionally set on fire so as to keep them from being used as cover by Maute fighters Limited air strikes were also used on Maute sniper positions Galvez stated that no civilians were reported killed in the air strikes and it was his hope they could keep military casualties low as well 96 As of May 26 2017 the priest Fr Chito Suganob and his companions who were taken hostage by the Maute group on the first day of the clashes were still being held by the group according to Marawi bishop Edwin de la Pena 97 May 27 Internally Displaced Persons IDPs from Marawi staying in Iligan 1st Infantry Division spokesman Lt Col Jo Ar Herrera told reporters We have identified where they are consolidating so we are doing surgical air strikes to destroy the local terrorist group 98 The military troops and Special Action Force continued their clearing operations by checking each house and building in the city s downtown area 99 During the operations on Saturday troops had encountered child warriors as young as 10 years old armed with M 16 rifles being used by the Maute group 99 By May 27 90 percent of Marawi s population of more than 200 000 people had been evacuated to neutral grounds particularly in Iligan 100 May 28 31 Edit May 28The regional military spokesman Jo Ar Herrera reported 19 civilians some of whom were women and children had been killed in Marawi by May 27 Eight civilians were found dead on the side of the road on the outskirts of Marawi on the previous Sunday May 22 101 The victims were later identified as local carpenters who were part of an evacuation convoy the militants stopped the convoy and then massacred those who could not recite verses from the Quran 102 Authorities said that 2 000 civilians were trapped in militant controlled areas 103 Reports came in that 28 Malaysians had joined the Maute group Citing intelligence sources in Manila a Malaysian newspaper reported that the Malaysians arrived early last week supposedly for a religious event and may have also taken up arms a conclusion they arrived at after 2 Malaysians were killed in firefights 104 The ongoing clash also raised concerns in Jakarta that extremist groups in Indonesia could be drawn to join the fight in Marawi as well 105 Malacanang Palace Communications Secretary Martin Andanar appealed for foreign support in fighting the extremist groups in southern Philippines In an interview with China Central Television Andanar said We need support be that economic support ideological support to fight the ISIS Now it is an international issue We are doing our best to contain the ISIS and to stop it from spreading in the country 106 May 29 The Peace Corridor set up by combined forces of the Philippine government and Moro Islamic Liberation Front to hasten humanitarian efforts in support of affected Marawi residents The orange line shows the scope of the corridor which covers Marawi itself and the towns of Marantao Balindong Tugaya Bacolod Kalawi Madalum Madamba Ganassi and Malabang The death toll in Marawi had reached 100 the Philippine military confirmed Monday including 19 civilians and 61 militants 107 The military had also retaken most of Marawi previously occupied by the extremist groups Presidential Spokesperson Ernesto Abella said Monday that only small areas in the city remained under militants control 108 Also on Monday the Philippine military reported that the Bangsamoro Islamic Freedom Fighters a from neighboring Maguindanao joined the Maute and Abu Sayyaf groups in Marawi and that the Abu Sayyaf leader Isnilon Hapilon remained holed up in the city 109 Amid continuing air strikes and as the militants fought government forces on May 29 fourteen hostages managed to escape their Maute captors The men said they were part of a group of 20 who had been taken captive on May 27 while evacuating the city Their captors forced them to film a video appeal to Duterte to accede to the militants demands or the hostages would be killed One of the hostages was indeed beheaded they reported and one drowned during the escape 110 A spokesman for Nur Misuari said Misuari ordered the Moro National Liberation Front to fight any Maute in Lanao del Sur 111 Misuari offered a unit of 500 to 700 MNLF fighters to help fight the extremists 111 Luis Jalandoni of the National Democratic Front stated his group was willing to help as well 111 The Moro Islamic Liberation Front and the government decided to implement a peace corridor in Lanao del Sur as part of an effort to hasten humanitarian operations for displaced Marawi residents The corridor spans from Marawi proper down to Malabang 112 May 30 Naval Forces Western Mindanao sent off two Navy vessels to Marawi City on May 30 2017 at Naval Station Romulo Espaldon Calarian Zamboanga City to transport Fleet Marine Team to augment troops fighting against the Maute in Marawi City In a video released on May 30 abducted priest Fr Teresito Soganub pleaded the government to stop their offensive against the militants and withdraw all their forces from Marawi and Lanao del Sur Marawi Bishop Edwin dela Pena says that Soganub was relaying the Maute group s demands in exchange for the safety of Suganob and other people taken as hostages 113 The Marawi city center remains under control of the Maute militants as two of three bridges leading to the Marawi city center the Mapandi and Bayabao bridges still contained roadblocks and enemy vehicles with a black flag flying in front of them 114 The Philippine Marines had been able to recover eighteen high powered firearms police and military uniforms and black flags from their two day clearing operations in Marawi They also reported that eight terrorists had been killed Tuesday 114 In a joint statement from the Philippine government and the Moro Islamic Liberation Front released Tuesday Murad Ebrahim said the MILF welcomed the President s invitation for its forces to extend humanitarian assistance to civilians still trapped in Marawi 115 May 31 BRP Tarlac in Iligan offloading military units meant to augment government forces fighting in Marawi AFP spokesperson Restituto Padilla said Wednesday that government forces have retaken 90 percent of Marawi including parts of the city center and the two bridges that lead to it 116 117 According to Padilla the surge in the number of militants might have something to do with the sympathizers they freed from the city jail but that the military managed to secure all entry and exit points to prevent possible reinforcements for the militants 116 The Associated Press reported that eleven soldiers were killed and seven others were wounded by friendly fire in a military air strike as government security forces struggled to drive off remnants of the militant groups from the city 118 An AFP spokesman said the incident happened when a SIAI Marchetti SF 260 turboprop aircraft providing close air support over militant positions in Marawi dropped a bomb that accidentally hit an army unit locked in close range combat with the militants Defense Secretary Delfin Lorenzana ordered an investigation on the incident 118 At least eight militants have surrendered to government troops on Wednesday 119 According to AFP spokesman Restituto Padilla the militants surrendered to the unit of Marine Task Force Tiger Tawitawi Commanding general Custodio Parcon and have provided very very valuable intelligence It was the first time that members of the militant groups have surrendered since laying siege to Marawi on May 23 2017 119 Additional marines and relief supplies arrived via transport ship on May 31 120 June Edit June 1 3 Edit June 1In a news conference Defense Secretary Delfin Lorenzana announced that eight foreign militants had been killed in Marawi five of which they have identified as Malaysian Indonesian Saudi Arabian Yemeni and a Chechen 121 Lorenzana also said they have revised their estimate of the number of militants involved in the Marawi attacks since last week from the initial 100 militants to 500 militants which he said was composed of 260 Maute militants 100 Abu Sayyaf militants under Isnilon Hapilon and the rest from other local militant organizations He said 280 militants have fled the city some of them mixing with civilians in neighboring towns while an estimated 50 to 100 militants remained in Marawi 122 A friendly fire incident took place in Marawi Two Philippine Air Force planes bombed rebel positions but one plane missed its target and instead hit government troops on the ground killing 10 soldiers 123 124 Following the incident Senate President Aquilino Pimentel III asked for a review of the Philippine military s strategy in the ongoing campaign against the militant groups in Marawi 125 Senator Antonio Trillanes called the incident tragic and unfortunate as he called on the military to ensure that similar incidents will never happen again Senator Panfilo Lacson encouraged the public to support the AFP as well as the investigation being conducted 125 June 2Malacanang Palace spokesman Ernesto Abella dispelled speculations that the 2017 Resorts World Manila attack that transpired in the early hours of June 2 2017 in Pasay was connected to the ongoing military offensive against the Maute group in Marawi or to ISIS He also denied any possible terrorism link in the incident 126 In an update to the media on the situation in Marawi the AFP spokesperson said that the militants remained holed up in commercial buildings in the city center and that they believe Isnilon Hapilon to be still in Marawi He also acknowledged that their earlier June 2 deadline for completely taking back the city from the militant groups would not be met as they continued to put up significant resistance 127 The Indonesian Foreign Ministry through its embassy in Manila was able to rescue 17 of their citizens from Marawi on Thursday with help from the AFP 128 June 3On June 3 2017 Duterte and Nur Misuari founding chairman of the Moro National Liberation Front made an agreement that 2000 MNLF fighters would be enlisted into the Philippine military and join in the fighting in Marawi 129 However a few days later both the Armed Forces of the Philippines and Duterte himself issued statements that this would not be happening soon 130 131 June 4 10 Edit June 4 A convoy of Filipino soldiers participating in the Battle of Marawi in transit On June 4 2017 a ceasefire agreement was reached between the Philippine government and the ISIL fighters remaining in the center of Marawi This ceasefire had been facilitated by MILF which had been asked by Duterte to help negotiate a settlement by which civilians still trapped in the city could be evacuated The ceasefire was to begin at 8 A M and last for four hours However the Philippines Military units in the city refused to accept the terms of the ceasefire and only allowed the evacuation of those individuals on the edges of the areas controlled by ISIL Fighting in the city broke out at 9 A M The army claimed that 179 civilians were evacuated while a presidential spokesperson claimed that 134 were evacuated fewer than on preceding days leaving about 2 000 civilians trapped in the city Two soldiers were injured 132 133 134 Authorities claimed that the total number of civilian casualties had increased from 20 to 38 all killed by militants while local residents claimed that airstrikes had killed dozens of civilians 134 June 6On June 6 2017 police in Davao arrested Cayamora Maute the 67 year old patriarch of the leaders of the Maute group He was arrested at a Task Force Davao checkpoint in Sirawan Toril District Cayamora was aboard a van wearing a surgical mask to avoid identification when they were stopped at the checkpoint 135 June 9 Members of the government cabinet inspecting weapons retrieved by security forces from ASG Maute militants On June 9 2017 the police received information and arrested the mother of the Maute terrorist group leaders Ominta Romato Maute Ominta also known as Farhana was arrested in the town of Masiu in Lanao del Sur along with two other wounded family members and 7 other unidentified females 136 Also on June 9 it was reported that 13 Philippine Marines had been killed and 40 wounded during a clearing operation in Marawi American Special Forces were deployed to the city in an advisory role 137 June 11 17 Edit June 11On June 11 2017 the Armed Forces of the Philippines AFP on Sunday announced that it has so far killed 191 Maute group terrorists in the ongoing operations to clear Marawi June 12 Philippine Independence Day On June 12 2017 the Philippines Independence day the Armed Forces of the Philippines hoped that as of this day Marawi siege will be over The Philippine Government raised the symbolic Philippine Flag in several places in Marawi like the Marawi City Hall Lanao del Sur Provincial Capitol Camp Ranao Mindanao State University Amai Pakpak Hospital and several roads in the city Philippine troops Tanks Rescue Van and trucks Police cars Patrol Cars Army Service units and Heavy Tanks also carried a Philippine Flag which symbolizes that the roads they are roaming around are part of Philippine Territory to fight back to the Maute s black flag However the battle still continues 138 June 16The Armed Forces of the Philippines announced that they have begun normalization operations and has begun cooperating with local government units in restoring the situation in Marawi back to normal Clashes against militants continues 139 The Philippine Army stated that it had secured 90 of Marawi on June 16 2017 140 141 June 18 24 Edit June 19The Armed Forces of the Philippines raided a Maute group safehouse where they confiscated bags of shabu methamphetamine hydrochloride and related drug paraphernalia Captain Eric Estrevillo of the 49th Infantry Battalion stated on a press conference that Maute group members use shabu to endure long battles and in addition looked high during combat 142 June 23The Philippine government accepts Australia s offer to send two AP 3C Orion surveillance aircraft to assist the Armed Forces of the Philippines in Marawi 143 June 24According to some news websites the leader of Abu Sayyaf and the emir of the ISIS Philippines Isnilon Hapilon withdrew from Marawi according to Lt Gen Carlito Galvez the head of Western Mindanao Command However according to the Philippine Military Isnilon s escape from the city is yet to be confirmed 144 The Philippine military declared an 8 hour ceasefire effective from 6 00 am of June 25 to give way for the observance of Eid el Fitr but has maintained that the ceasefire will be lifted if the militants open fire at government forces or civilians 145 June 25 30 Edit June 25 Start of Eid al Fitr At 6 50 a m amidst a congressional prayers for the Eid al Fitr celebration held at the provincial capitol building suspected gunshots were heard a few minutes after the unilateral ceasefire by the government was declared Entrance and exit points to Marawi remained guarded by government security forces against the influx of aid to Maute forces and assist civilians fleeing the city 146 Civilian volunteers along with Moro Islamic Liberation Front members took advantage of the ceasefire to repatriate civilians in opposing combat areas ISIL linked militant snipers opened fire at some government held positions but none of the clashes during the ceasefire were deemed major by the government When the unilateral ceasefire expired full scale hostilities between government forces and militants continued 147 June 30Two surveillance planes which were committed by Australia started conducting operations in Marawi Filipino pilots and technicians were aboard the aircraft and assisted in relaying information to forces on the ground The mission involving the Australian planes was set to place for two weeks 148 July Edit July 1 15 Edit A helicopter of the Philippine Air Force conducting airstrikes July 3Defense Secretary Delfin Lorenzana said senior ISIS leader Isnilon Hapilon was believed to be hiding inside one of the mosques in Marawi 149 July 4Presidential spokesman Ernesto Abella confirmed reports that Maute has looted an estimated P500 million worth of money from Marawi 150 Dansalan College which had been used by the militants as a sniper roost was retaken by government troops and 410 firearms were recovered since clearing operations began 151 July 12A FA 50PH Golden Eagle fighter jet missed a target by 250 meters 820 ft resulting in friendly fire which killed two soldiers and injured 11 others All FA 50s were grounded pending an investigation while other air assets of the Philippine Air Force remained operating in Marawi 152 July 13As of 7 p m on July 13 security forces have killed 394 terrorists and recovered 498 firearms But government fatalities numbered 93 while the terrorists killed 45 civilians Troops were able to rescue 1 723 people from the war torn city but there are still some 300 civilians who are either trapped by the fighting or taken hostage by the terrorists 153 July 15According to Brig Gen Resituto Padilla the military is still assessing the security accession of the Battle of Marawi even though the fight was on its climax Also he noted that the campaign will continue before and even after Duterte s State of the Nation Address He also noted that the AFP is doing its best to accomplish the 10 15 day deadline set by the president 153 July 16 31 Edit July 18National news agencies told the public that Duterte is considering to extend the martial law until the end of the year which is December 31 The president insists that Martial Law is needed for faster rehabilitation of Marawi after the battle has ended I have come to the conclusion that the existing rebellion in Mindanao which has prompted me to issue Proclamation No 216 on May 23 2017 will not be quelled completely by July 22 2017 Duterte said in a portion of his letter read aloud by the Executive Spokesperson Ernesto Abella For this reason because public safety requires it I call upon the Congress to extend until December 31 2017 or for such a period of time as the Congress may determine the proclamation of martial law and the suspension of privilege of the writ of habeas corpus in the whole of Mindanao he added 154 July 19Duterte said the Marawi crisis birthed a newly evolving type of urban warfare and his declaration of martial law in Mindanao is meant to fight this menace In the full text of his letter to Congress released on that day Duterte said this type of warfare is characterized by the rebels total disregard for civilian lives cruelty to combatants and non combatants alike widespread looting and pillaging of occupied communities 155 He added this particular kind of warfare resulted in a significant number of casualties and firefights that have prevented government troops from moving forward as well as clean up operations 156 July 20Militant control over Mapandi Bridge ended when government forces took control of the structure 157 July 22Through a joint session of the Philippines Congress of the Philippines between the House of Representatives and the Senate 16 senators 261 18 Congressmen Not one congressman abstained among those present 16 in favor of Duterte s request voted for the extension of Proclamation Order No 216 Imposing Martial Law in the whole Mindanao Region This extension is valid until December 31 2017 158 July 27Agakhan Sharief a Marawi Muslim cleric well known to the Maute clan stated in November 2017 that the militants had asked Muslim leaders to urge Duterte in allowing the militants to escape in return for release of the hostages He stated that they had asked for help in arranging for MILF to receive the hostages and escorting the militants out of the city MILF s top peace negotiator Mohagher Iqbal confirmed the Maute proposal but the government had ignored it Delfin Lorenzana said that Duterte was aware of the offer but it was too little too late 159 August Edit August 18Joint Task Force Marawi stated that the main battle area of the conflict is now confined to an area of covering 800 x 600 meters 2624 67 x 1968 5 feet 400 buildings remained unclear from Maute elements by government forces 160 August 19Maute militants are now confined to an area near the city s Grand Mosque with 40 civilians believed to be still held hostage 160 August 22Government forces recaptured the Marawi City Police Station from the militants Among the first features seized by ISIL link militants in the early part of the battle the police station is considered a strategic location by the Philippine military 161 August 23 24The Grand Mosque where hostages by ISIL linked militants were allegedly held was recaptured by government forces However troops did not encounter any militants or the hostages when they entered the building 162 August 25 29Captain Jo Ann Petinglay the spokesman of Joint Task Force Marawi stated that the military had recaptured St Mary s Catholic Cathedral one of the first facilities occupied by the militants when they laid siege to the city General Eduardo Ano said that their leaders had been cornered in a battle zone restricted to 500 square metres AFP meanwhile reported deaths of 10 militants who tried to sneak from Lake Lanao into Marawi as reinforcements 163 September Edit The following bridges above Agus River in Marawi were tagged as strategic by government forces 164 along with dates when the government secured control over the structures from top to bottom Mapandi Bridge July 20 Bayabao Banggolo Bridge September 1 Raya Madaya Masiu Bridge September 24 ISIL linked militants were concentrated on the west side of the river September 1The military took control of Bayabao Bridge after clashes which saw three soldiers and five militants killed The structure which connects the conflict area to the city center is the second bridge recaptured by government forces 165 166 September 16At around 17 00 government forces regained control over the Bato Mosque and the Amaitul Islamiya Marawi Foundation building which was used by ISIL linked militants as their control center after a five hour gunfight At 17 00 Father Chito Soganub who was reportedly held taken hostage few months ago was found by government forces abandoned by his captors near the mosque and was flown to Davao City to meet Duterte 167 September 24Government forces secured Masiu Bridge also known as the Raya Madaya Bridge one of the critical bridges which the militants had occupied and which leads to Lake Lanao thus depriving the militants of an escape route This was described by the government as a significant development in the battle 168 169 170 September 25The Sultan Of Marawi Sultan Hamidullah Atar following President Rodrigo Duterte s earlier offer for a dialogue with the militants offered to mediate between Maute Group and government forces to spare civilians still trapped inside the Marawi City and pave way for the possible release of hostages Atar who is also a conflict mediation professional said talks with the Maute group can be done through the traditional mechanisms as they are also Maranaos He related that he was able to link up with several members of the Maute group while he was also trapped in Marawi for 4 days 171 October Edit October 10Eight foreign militants along with Isnilon Hapilon and Omar Maute were acting as leaders of the ISIL linked militants by October 10 according to the Philippine military 172 October 16Isnilon Hapilon and Omar Maute were reportedly killed during the operation of rescuing the hostages on October 16 according to the statement released by Defense Secretary Delfin Lorenzana 173 174 175 On the same day the Philippine Army estimated that there were about 100 ISIL militants still fighting in Marawi 176 October 17Following the deaths of Omar Maute and Isnilon Hapilon Duterte declared the liberation of Marawi At around 2PM he addressed a crowd saying I hereby declare Marawi City liberated from the terrorist influence that marks the beginning of rehabilitation of Marawi 177 178 179 AFP Chief Gen Eduardo Ano said that the announcement meant that the conflict is substantially over now that the militants leaders were killed However he maintained that there were skirmishes and that 20 30 militants with 20 hostages remained confined in a 2 hectares 4 9 acres area in the city 180 October 18 19Military officials stated on October 18 that 4 militants had been killed while 10 soldiers were injured in fighting that continued after Duterte s liberation declaration 181 AFP said on the following day that the senior ISIL commander Mahmud Ahmad may have been among the 13 militants killed overnight though they were still trying to verify his death with two rescued hostages stating that he had died and was buried Meanwhile seven more hostages were rescued on the same day 182 Seven more terrorists were killed on October 19 according to AFP 183 October 20 21Lt Gen Carlito Galvez stated on October 20 that they had rescued 10 hostages while 11 people about whom it was not known whether they were hostages or Maute members were also in their custody He added that four hostages were still being held by the terrorists while a small band of Maute fighters were making a last stand in three buildings 184 Padilla added that a soldier was killed while three others were wounded in military operations during the day 185 The military meanwhile started a gradual pullout of troops from the battle zone following the mission against Hapilon and Omar 186 October 21Galvez stated on next day that about 20 militants including five significant figures remained in a small area of the city He also added that they were closing in on three sons of Hapilon two Malaysians including Amin Bacu and a prominent Indonesian militant 187 Gen Pamonag declared victory on the same day however the military stated that Maute fighters were still resisting in a small area Baco and an Indonesian Ibno Kayin were named as their leaders 188 October 22Deputy commander of the operation Col Romeo Brawner told a press conference that an estimated 30 people including militants and some of their family members were fighting to hold a fortified two storey building next to Lake Lanao which was the final ISIL held building in Marawi He added that soldiers were using loudspeakers to urge them to surrender and that the military didn t know who their leader was 189 Brawner also declared that the military had rescued the last 20 hostages by October 22 As of then 919 militants and 165 security personnel had been killed in the battle 190 October 23On October 23 the AFP cleared the final ISIL held building in Marawi fully recapturing the city General Eduardo Ano stated bodies of 42 dead militants were found in two buildings and a mosque in the battle zone stating that it was possible that some militants were still hiding The bodies also included two wives of Maute gunmen Meanwhile Defense Secretary Delfin Lorenzana announced the end of the battle and the end of combat operations in the area 60 191 192 He added that Bacu was believed to be among those 42 dead militants 22 Intelligence sources later stated that he was among the last three or four militants who could have escaped 193 However in November the Philippine Army stated that they believed that Amin Bacu had been killed during the battle and that the remnants of the Maute group were now largely leaderless 24 Casualties Edit Wake for soldiers who died in the conflict The casualties reported were as follows 978 militants killed 40 41 13 foreigners 194 195 12 militants captured 1 foreigner 42 43 44 168 government forces killed 38 12 by friendly fire 196 1 400 government forces wounded 39 87 civilians dead 40 due to illness 45 46 The police chief of Malabang Romeo Enriquez whose beheading was cited by Duterte as one of the bases for his declaration of martial law in a speech on May 24 2017 197 was later found to be alive 198 199 200 The police officer actually killed was identified by the ARMM PNP as Senior Inspector Freddie Solar a former police chief of Malabang and member of the Drug Enforcement Unit of the Lanao del Sur Provincial Police 201 The Armed Forces of the Philippines highest ranking combat casualty was Rommel Sandoval a Captain commanding a company of Philippine Army Scout Rangers 202 Sandoval was posthumously conferred the Medal of Valor 203 Along with the casualties much of Marawi was flattened in what was described as the heaviest urban fighting in the Philippines since World War II 204 Deaths of evacuees due to diseases Edit According to the Philippines Health Department report on June 16 at least 40 evacuees who were staying outside evacuation centers died of dehydration while 19 others lost their lives as a result of diseases contracted due to living in congested evacuation camps 205 206 The following month the Health Secretary denied this report and stated just four evacuees died of dehydration instead of 40 207 208 209 However in September it was once again reported 40 evacuees had died due to illness 46 Aftermath Edit Lanao del Sur government officials visit the so called Ground Zero or Main Battle Area in Marawi for the first time following the end of the conflict Post battle fighting and clearing operations Edit After the end of military operations the AFP killed a suspected surviving militant trying to escape on October 31 according to Col Romeo Brawner 210 Muhammad Ilham Syaputra an Indonesian militant who reportedly played a role in the 2016 Jakarta attacks was caught near Marawi on November 1 He was caught while trying to escape from a district where several Maute fighters had been hiding according to the police 211 Military officials stated on the next day that two militants engaged in a firefight with AFP and were killed during the night of November 1 Task Force Ranao deputy commander Romeo Brawner stated that Abu Talha who was Hapilon s trusted aide for years in addition to an unidentified militant were killed while hiding in a building 212 In the aftermath of Marawi Battle terrorist threats in the Philippines persist 213 Sporadic fighting continued following the declaration of victory with troops battling some fighters hiding amid the ruins 214 The military stated on November 6 that nine more militants were killed in day long clashes Brawner stated that one of them was Ibrahim Maute alias Abu Jamil a cousin of the Maute brothers Philippine National Police chief Ronald dela Rosa meanwhile claimed that Amin Baco was still alive and had become the new emir Military officials however said they believed Baco had been killed during the clashes on the same day or in recent weeks 215 216 Lt Gen Carlito Galvez said at a separate briefing that Baco and Abdullah one of Hapilon s sons could be among the nine who were killed 217 Two more militants were later killed raising their death toll to 11 according to the military 218 On November 16 the AFP stated that they believed there were no more stragglers in Marawi due to the lack of fighting between both sides for the past few weeks 219 Galvez confirmed in December 2017 the deaths of all the Maute brothers had been killed by AFP He added that the military was continuing its manhunt for Abu Dar a senior Maute leader 19 Dar was reported in January 2018 to have recruited new fighters from the cash and gold looted in Marawi 220 A year after the Battle of Marawi threats of the Islamic State in the Philippines were still alive 221 Even three years after terrorist threats in the Philippines emanating from the pro ISIS groups continue unabated even during the COVID 19 pandemic 222 Infrastructure damage Edit Map of the destruction left in the main battle area after the five month long battle in Marawi The battle left the city in ruins 223 with 95 percent of the structures within the 4 square kilometres 1 5 sq mi of the main battle area to be heavily damaged or completely collapsed 3 152 buildings were completely destroyed and 2 145 buildings were partially to heavily damaged due to the five month heavy bombardment during the war 224 Displacement of residents Edit Government estimates placed the number of residents displaced during the crisis at 200 000 About 70 percent of displaced residents lived in nearby temporary government shelters as of May 2018 225 According to a United Nations estimate in December 2017 the number of indigenous Lumads that have been displaced is at 2 500 226 The Battle for Marawi took a heavy toll on infrastructure and private property in the city quarter where the battle was concentrated At one point over 200 000 of the civilian population evacuated to neighboring cities and towns such as Iligan Cagayan de Oro and Lanao Norte coastal towns at the start of hostilities 227 In April 2018 the government allowed limited return to residential areas due to the danger of a reported eight unexploded ordnance one 60 millimeter mortar one hand grenade six 40 millimeter rounds of ammunition and 70 undetonated bombs dropped by the Philippine military according to Joint Task Force Ranao commander Maj Gen Roseller Guanzon Murillo of the Philippine Army s 1st Infantry Tabak Division 228 By May 2018 around 70 percent of Marawi s residents had returned home 229 According to the Philippines Department of Social Welfare and Development 64 364 displaced families have returned to the city as of July 2018 230 As of March 2019 around 70 000 people were still displaced 231 Human rights concerns Edit An Amnesty International report released on November 16 2017 blamed the militants and government forces of widespread abuses some of which amount to war crimes It was based on interviews with 48 survivors and witnesses as well as local leaders journalists and activists It accused pro ISIL fighters of extrajudicial killings and hostage taking while accusing soldiers of mistreating people in custody It also stated that government shelling caused widespread destruction in Marawi civilians were trapped in crossfire and all parties engaged in looting 232 Per the report the pro ISIL fighters targeted and brutally killed Christians or anyone who couldn t recite Shahada profession of Muslim faith Victims of pro ISIL fighters were either held hostage or killed Amnesty International documented at least 25 extrajudicial killings at their hands Hostages were tortured and abused made to forage for food collected and buried cadavers dug foxholes for fighters made IEDs were forced to fight the Army or used as sex slaves Those attempting to escape were shot or beheaded Amnesty International said 232 Meanwhile Amnesty International also reported that several survivors accused that they were shot at beaten and tortured by Philippine Marines to make them confess of being an ISIL member with one survivor stating he was doused with a hot liquid Witnesses also said that 10 hostages were killed in air strikes by pro government forces It questioned whether civilian deaths and large scale destruction in government air and ground attacks were militarily necessary and proportional to the threat posed by the fighters It also questioned whether the operations met the requirements under international humanitarian law based on the fact that the military carried out bombings even after it declared only a few militants remained alive 232 AFP reiterated in November 2018 its commitment to protecting human rights in response to the report by Amnesty International AFP spokesman Maj Gen Restituto Padilla said soldiers accused of abuses will be investigated and those found guilty will be disciplined He gave filing of looting charges against an army officer and five soldiers as an example of the commitment In response to claims of disproportionate air and ground attacks by AFP he asked the public to take into consideration the difficulties faced by it 233 According to a Mindanao based human rights group there have been 130 reported cases of extrajudicial killings one year into the declaration of martial law in Mindanao with most of the victims being peasants and indigenous Lumads 234 City restoration Edit Main article Rehabilitation of Marawi The rehabilitation and restoration of the city officially began on October 18 2017 235 but efforts began in June 2017 236 even as the battle was ongoing Rehabilitation is estimated to cost 53 billion to 80 billion according to projections by NEDA and Task Force Bangon Marawi 225 237 238 Some displaced residents remain in relocation sites on the outskirts of the city 231 Reactions EditSee also Reactions to the Declaration of Martial Law in Mindanao Domestic Edit Government Edit Duterte briefs the 4th Infantry Division at the troops Headquarters 6 regarding the crisis National government Edit See also Proclamation No 216 Following the clash Duterte declared martial law in Mindanao at 10 00 in the evening UTC 8 of May 23 2017 As per the 1987 Constitution the state of martial law will initially last for 60 days Duterte also decided to shorten his diplomatic visit to Russia 239 Vice President Leni Robredo started organizing donations 240 241 and directing relief operations for the victims 242 Several checkpoints were set up in Metro Manila on Sunday May 28 2017 243 The Department of Education launched the Brigada for Marawi transl Brigade for Marawi program to help displaced teachers and students from Marawi As part of the program the department has solicited donations from the public tracked displaced teachers and students and provided psychological aid to affected teachers 244 The Department of Social Welfare and Development pledged to provide one time aid of 1 000 to each displaced family It is meant to enable Muslim families to still observe Ramadan 245 An inter agency task force called the Task Force Bangon Marawi was set up on June 28 2017 to facilitate the rehabilitation of Marawi after the conflict subsides 246 The government decided in July 2017 to withdraw its financial support for the Philippine Olympic Committee to host the 2019 Southeast Asian Games reallocating funds meant for the hosting of the games for the rehabilitation of Marawi 247 However the government later rescinded the cancellation and held the games 248 Local government units Edit The government of the Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao has allocated 35 million as aid for displaced Marawi residents The regional health department has also set up an operations center for the displaced 249 Other governments in Mindanao have also provided relief aid such as Compostela Valley and Davao City 250 In a manifesto all mayors of Lanao del Sur in August 2017 labeled the Maute Group and its sympathizers as an Enemy of the Maranao People and also classified the group under the ISIL 251 Institutions Edit The University of Makati began admitting displaced people from Marawi and children of soldiers who fought in the conflict under a scholarship program 252 Religious sectors and community leaders Edit Lanao sultans making an open letter to Duterte urging for the quick resolution of the Battle of Marawi The President of the Catholic Bishops Conference of the Philippines Socrates Villegas on Wednesday 24 May asked for prayers after Maute militants took a priest and some parishioners hostage in Marawi The CBCP President also asked the government forces to make the safety of the hostages a primordial consideration while ensuring that the law is upheld 253 The Philippine Center for Islam and Democracy condemned the acts of the militant groups saying that their acts were contrary to the teachings of Islam The Muslim group noted that the incident occurred at the time when Muslims were preparing for Ramadan which according to them made the acts of the militants more heinous 254 22 sultans and imams from Marawi also urged Duterte for the resolution of the crisis before the end of Ramadan and told the militants which they say are not Marawinians to leave the besieged city and insist that Islam respects values and respects humanity 255 Sheik Abehuraira Abdulrahman Udasan a mufti issued a fatwa against the entry and spread of violent radicalism or extremism in the Bangsamoro area This edict was supported by the militant group MILF which has been assisting the government 256 Muslim clerics from a Ulama conference while expressing support for government efforts in regards to the peace process in Mindanao called for an end of air strike by government forces while condemning the acts of the militants as violent extremism and appealed Duterte to appoint a Muslim Justice of the Supreme Court 257 Social media Edit Philippine National Police advisory addressed to the public regarding the dissemination of information in relation to the Marawi crisis Reactions to the declaration of martial law were mixed on social media 258 Amidst unconfirmed reports of beheading and kidnapping PNP spokesman Dionardo Carlos appealed in a press briefing addressed to the public to limit to what they know what they see in making posts relevant to the Marawi incident in social media 259 Numerous Filipino TV personalities have expressed their reactions to the ongoing clash between the government forces and the Maute terror groups in Mindanao Some Pinoy celebrities also called for unity despite the division in political alliances 260 Others Edit A group of civilian evacuees who fled from the city organized as the Meranaw Victims Movement MVM in September 2017 They have issued statements to the ISIL linked militants to release the hostages and leave Marawi through a Facebook post or the MVM would be compelled to face them The MVM has also called for the halt of airstrikes on the city as well as the return of evacuated civilians to their homes 261 International Edit China 262 Russia 263 and the United States 264 expressed support for the security efforts of the Philippine Government with Russian President Vladimir Putin also expressing condolence for the victims of the crisis 263 Canada has also said that they will extend humanitarian aid upon request of the Philippine government 265 Malaysia began to tighten its border with the Philippines shortly after the President announced martial law 266 while the United Kingdom warned its citizens to avoid traveling to western Mindanao 267 Saudi Arabia through its embassy in Manila also advised its citizens to avoid public places in the Philippines in general 268 Malaysian Prime Minister Najib Razak also announced his government s full support to Philippine forces 269 Malaysia the Philippines and Indonesia will launch joint patrols in waters off the Mindanao region to counter threats from Islamic State group militants Joint sea patrols in the waters bordering the three nations would kick off on June 19 2017 270 Meanwhile the Indonesian military will also strengthen its outer islands bordering the Philippines by building more military bases to prevent the militant groups from entering Indonesia 271 Aid Edit Military aid Edit Australia sent AP 3C Orion planes to the southern Philippines following the conflict as surveillance support 272 The planes started flying over Marawi on June 30 with Filipino pilots and technicians aboard as part of the crew 148 The United States provided several deliveries of military equipment In May 2017 the United States delivered 200 Glock pistols 300 M4 carbines 100 grenade launchers four mini guns and individual operator gear worth 250 million US 5 million Two Cessna 208 surveillance aircraft worth 1 6 billion US 31 million were delivered to the Philippine Air Force in July and a Tethered Aerostat Radar System was turned over to the Philippine Navy in August to enhance its maritime surveillance capabilities A Raven tactical UAV delivered in January 2017 was also used in Marawi 4 On June 23 Australia announced it would provide surveillance support to the Philippines armed forces by sending two RAAF AP 3C Orion maritime patrol aircraft on flights over the southern Philippines 273 274 After the operational details regarding the surveillance support were finalized between the Philippine and Australian military it was planned that the AP 3C Orion would be immediately deployed in Marawi 272 In August 2017 the offer was extended further to include the deployment of special forces in a training and advisory role similar to the role Australian forces play in Iraq 275 The Philippines accepted the offer in early September 2017 and talks are ongoing to determine the extent of the assistance 276 China donated 50 million renminbi b worth of arms aid which comprises around 3 000 rifles and 6 million pieces of ammunition Three types of rifles were given sniper rifles automatic rifles and marksman rifles 277 Russia also pledged to provide weapons technical and intelligence aid to the Philippines in response to the attack on Marawi which caused President Rodrigo Duterte s state visit to Russia to end earlier than planned 278 Russia donated 20 multipurpose vehicles 5 000 Kalashnikov assault rifles one million rounds of ammunition and 5 000 steel helmets to the Philippines However these equipment arrived on October 25 2017 with the battle in Marawi already concluded 10 279 Humanitarian aid Edit Humanitarian supplies provided by the Association of Southeast Asian Nations ASEAN being delivered by plane South Korea 280 made donations to the Philippine Red Cross for the organization s efforts in Marawi The European Union has pledged to donate 850 thousand euros c worth of humanitarian aid meant for people affected in the conflict 281 Turkey through its Turkish Cooperation and Coordination Agency has pledged to support to feed displaced Marawi school children studying in temporary learning spaces 282 Singapore has offered to provide its air force s C 130 to help bring in humanitarian supplies It also offered to send UAVs to be manned by Singaporean troops to assist the AFP in enhancing surveillance and intelligence capabilities and urban training villages to help the AFP train in urban warfare 283 284 Defense Secretary Lorenzana accepted the offer and has instructed the AFP to study the Singaporean military s ISR programs 285 Thailand has also offered to deploy its troops to Marawi for humanitarian non combat operations 286 On July 6 the Malaysian Armed Forces announced that it was considering sending humanitarian relief for the civilians in Marawi 287 By July 21 through the country RMAF A400M food and medical supplies are being sent for the city internally displaced residents 288 On July 25 the country promised to send more humanitarian aid as the situation worsened 289 290 Relief effort assistance also came from the United States which totaled 730 million US 15 million 153 million US 3 million was allocated for supplies such as drinking water hygiene kits evacuation centers shelter materials and for programs to protect displaced women and children 577 million US 13 million was earmarked for the stabilization and rehabilitation of the city and surrounding areas including restoring basic public services such as health care water and electricity 291 See also Edit Philippines portalBattle of Jolo 1974 1995 Ipil massacre Battle of Mukalla 2016 2013 Zamboanga siege 2016 Butig clash Battle of Sirte 2016 Battle of Mosul 2016 2017 Raqqa campaign 2016 2017 Battle of Raqqa 2017 2017 Mayadin offensive Battle of Baghuz Fawqani Moro conflict War on TerrorExplanatory notes Edit a b There have been conflicting reports in regard to the presence of the Bangsamoro Islamic Freedom Fighters BIFF during the Battle of Marawi The Philippines Secretary of National Defense Delfin Lorenzana stated in June 2017 that about 40 BIFF fighters were among the Jihadist forces inside the city 30 According to other reports the group had not only contributed fighters to the battle but also provided logistical support to the ISIL troops in Marawi 31 A BIFF spokesman stated during the battle that his group welcomed the offensive by the Maute group and Abu Sayyaf but did not confirm that BIFF had troops in Marawi Instead the spokesman claimed that the BIFF attacks which coincided with the siege had nothing to do with the Maute group and Abu Sayyaf 32 Furthermore the leader of the Moro Islamic Liberation Front Murad Ebrahim claimed in July 2018 that BIFF had not participated in the battle 33 About 370 million 277 About 49 million 281 References Edit MNLF in Marawi on standby to fight against Maute CNN Philippines May 3 2017 Retrieved May 27 2017 Pia Gutierrez May 31 2017 Duterte MILF create peace corridor in Marawi ABS CBN News Retrieved June 1 2017 Philippine army and armed groups join forces in Marawi www aljazeera com Retrieved October 16 2017 a b Viray Patricia Lourdes October 24 2017 Fact check Duterte s claims on US aid to military The Philippine Star Retrieved October 24 2017 U S provides technical assistance to troops in Marawi AFP Rappler Rappler June 6 2017 Retrieved June 7 2017 US Special Forces Helping Philippines Fight Militants in Marawi Reuters com Retrieved June 10 2017 Royal Navy and Marines help Philippine Army after five month battle with ISIS terrorists May 14 2019 Australia to send spy planes to help Philippines fight militants Reuters June 23 2017 Retrieved June 25 2017 Duterte thanks China for firearms ammo vs Mautes CNN Philippines Retrieved October 16 2017 a b President Duterte accepts rifles multi purpose vehicles from Russia Presidential Communications Operations Office October 25 2017 Retrieved September 21 2018 Duterte thanks Netanyahu for help in ending Marawi siege Aljazeera English Retrieved September 7 2018 Lorenzana welcomes Singapore s help in the fight vs Maute rebuild of Marawi GMA News Retrieved August 1 2017w Banaloi Rommel C June 15 2017 The Maute Group and rise of family terrorism Rappler Mangosing Divina Suson and Allan Nawal Frances G BREAKING Lorenzana says Marawi City siege is over Philippine Daily Inquirer Retrieved October 25 2017 READ Proclamation of martial law in Mindanao ABS CBN News Retrieved July 15 2017 a b Congress extends martial law to December 31 Rappler Retrieved July 22 2017 Martial Law extended until December 31 2018 GMA News December 13 2017 Retrieved December 13 2017 Cepeda Mara Congress extends martial law in Mindanao to end of 2019 Rappler Retrieved January 27 2019 a b c 7 Maute brothers confirmed dead The Manila Times hermesauto October 19 2017 Philippine military says big possibility top Malaysian militant Mahmud Ahmad killed in Marawi Straitstimes com Retrieved October 25 2017 Amy Chew October 17 2017 Dead or alive Hunt is on in Marawi for Malaysia s most wanted terrorist Channel NewsAsia Archived from the original on October 17 2017 Retrieved October 17 2017 a b Amita Legaspi October 23 2017 Malaysian bandit leader Amin Bacu believed killed in final clashes in Marawi GMA News Retrieved October 23 2017 Malaysian now leading Maute ISIS bandits still in Marawi source says GMA News October 21 2017 Retrieved October 21 2017 a b Amita Legaspi November 6 2017 AFP Amin Baco believed dead not the head of ISIS in Southeast Asia GMA News Retrieved March 16 2019 From business to the battlefield Philippine Daily Inquirer Millennial reservists start Marawi journey with selfies ABS CBN News AFP activates 135 reservists for martial law Marawi duties Manila Bulletin Philippine military confirms US forces providing support against militants allied to Islamic State CNBC Reuters June 10 2017 Retrieved June 10 2017 MARSOC s tab after 13 years 43 deaths more than 300 valor awards and 300 operational deployments Marine Corps Times February 22 2019 a b Caleb Weiss June 5 2017 Islamic State video shows destruction of church in Marawi Long War Journal Retrieved June 7 2017 Bong S Sarmiento November 22 2017 Islamic State s new frontline in the Philippines Asia Times Retrieved July 31 2018 Felipe Villamor June 21 2017 Militants Siege of Philippine Elementary School Ends After 12 Hours The New York Times Retrieved July 31 2018 Jeoffrey Maitem July 25 2018 Autonomy Could Strip Foreign Fighters of Southern Philippine Sanctuaries MILF Chief Benar News Retrieved July 31 2018 Jim Gomez June 1 2017 Philippine airstrike accidentally kills 11 soldiers in besieged city Marawi Associated Press Retrieved June 2 2017 via Toronto Star Cayabyab Marc Jayson Marawi siege will be over in 3 days Lorenzana tells House panel Philippine Daily Inquirer Retrieved October 16 2017 IN PHOTOS Marawi s Liberation ABS CBN News October 18 2017 Retrieved October 18 2017 a b Marawi City destroyed in Philippines longest urban war Inquirer News October 19 2017 Retrieved October 19 2017 a b Gov t death toll in Marawi siege rises to 168 Rappler January 10 2018 Retrieved January 10 2018 a b Government throws out last minute negotiations with Maute Rappler Retrieved October 16 2017 a b Ben Brimelow November 4 2017 ISIS is losing its grip in Iraq and Syria but here are 9 places where it s still a threat Business Insider Retrieved November 5 2017 a b 12 Maute stragglers killed Malaya November 7 2017 Archived from the original on December 13 2018 Retrieved November 7 2017 a b Philippines says Islamist fighters on back foot in besieged city Reuters June 8 2017 Retrieved June 10 2017 a b Unson John August 1 2017 2 Maute terrorists arrested after fleeing Marawi The Philippine Star Retrieved October 16 2017 a b Indonesian terror fighter loyal to ISIS arrested in Marawi straitstimes com November 1 2017 Retrieved November 1 2017 a b Islamic freedom fighters Abu Sayyaf next after Maute wipeout defense chief The Manila Times October 24 2017 Retrieved October 22 2017 a b c Troops kill five militants in besieged Marawi city Gulf times com September 13 2017 Retrieved October 16 2017 The Philippine army recaptures a city seized by Muslim insurgents The Economist October 21 2017 Pagkubkob sa Marawi iminulat ang Timog Silangang Asya Balita Tagalog Newspaper Tabloid June 4 2017 Datu Dennis October 17 2017 Liberation idineklara ni Duterte sa Marawi pero tuloy ang laban ABS CBN News Archived from the original on October 17 2017 Retrieved May 15 2022 Marawi crisis The latest from Inquirer News Philippine Daily Inquirer Retrieved July 15 2017 a b c d e Marawi crisis What we know so far The Philippine Star May 25 2017 Retrieved May 25 2017 a b TIMELINE Maute attack in Marawi City ABS CBN News May 23 2017 Retrieved May 24 2017 a b c d Morallo Audrey May 23 2017 AFP Marawi clashes part of security operation not terrorist attack The Philippine Star Retrieved May 23 2017 a b Nery J May 24 2017 Key facts about a tumultuous Tuesday in Marawi City Philippine Daily Inquirer Retrieved May 24 2017 UCCP Statement on the Burning of Dansalan College May 24 2017 Retrieved May 25 2017 Mindanao Churchgoers taken hostage amid Marawi siege Al Jazeera May 24 2017 Retrieved May 28 2017 a b Lim A May 26 2017 AFP Foreign terrorists are fighting alongside Maute group in Marawi The Standard Archived from the original on January 22 2018 Retrieved May 26 2017 Maute plans to raise ISIS flags at Lanao capitol Marawi city hall to declare wilayat GMA News GMA Network May 27 2017 Retrieved May 28 2017 Duterte Marawi liberated from ISIL linked fighters www aljazeera com Retrieved October 25 2017 a b Marawi Philippines declares end of siege as troops find 40 suspected gunmen dead ABC News ABC October 23 2017 Retrieved October 23 2017 Banlaoi Rommel 2019 Al Harakatul Al Islamiyyah Essays on the Abu Sayyaf Group Terrorism in the Philippines from Al Qaeda to ISIS 4th ed Quezon City Philippine Institute for Peace Violence and Terrorism Research ISBN 978 971 91386 0 4 a href Template Cite book html title Template Cite book cite book a Check isbn value checksum help Banlaoi Rommel 2010 Philippine Security in the Age of Terror First ed London and New York Auerback Publications CRC Press Taylor and Francis Group ISBN 978 1 4398 1550 2 a b Francisco K May 24 2017 FAST FACTS What you should know about the Maute Group Rappler Retrieved May 26 2017 Esguerra C V September 21 2014 Aquino downplays ISIS threat in PH Philippine Daily Inquirer Retrieved May 27 2017 No ISIS in Mindanao Aquino The Manila Times March 9 2016 Retrieved March 27 2017 Ressa M A August 4 2014 Senior Abu Sayyaf leader swears oath to ISIS Rappler Retrieved May 30 2017 Santos E P April 28 2016 Aquino says he was a target of the Abu Sayyaf but Malacanang refuses to give details CNN Philippines Retrieved May 30 2017 Aquino Abu Sayyaf also plotted to kidnap Pacquiao Kris Philippine Daily Inquirer April 27 2016 Retrieved May 30 2017 Alvarez K C April 27 2016 PNoy Abu Sayyaf plotted to kidnap Kris Pacquiao GMA News Retrieved May 30 2017 Banlaoi Rommel May 2018 Marawi City Siege and Threats of Narcoterrorism in the Philippines Quezon City Philippines Philippine Institute for Peace Violence and Terrorism Research p 78 ISBN 978 971 93769 2 2 Archived from the original on May 23 2018 a href Template Cite book html title Template Cite book cite book a Check isbn value checksum help TV Patrol Duterte may banta sa Maute group ABS CBN News November 30 2016 Macas Trisha November 30 2016 Duterte to Maute group Do not force my hand into war GMA News Dioquino R J December 2 2016 In parting message Maute fighters threaten to behead military Duterte GMA News GMA Network Retrieved May 26 2017 Duterte dared Maute group to attack Marawi in December 2016 speech ABS CBN News May 25 2017 Wallace Business Forum Dinner with President Rodrigo Roa Duterte 12 12 2016 RTVMalacanang December 12 2016 Agence France Presse Zambrano C April 11 2017 Several killed as Abu Sayyaf military clash in Bohol ABS CBN News Retrieved May 27 2017 a b c d Fonbuena C May 29 2017 How a military raid triggered Marawi attacks Rappler Retrieved May 30 2017 says Ian Gregory Islamic State details activity in the Philippines FDD s Long War Journal www longwarjournal org Philippines BenarNews Visits House Where Marawi Battle Began a b Marcelo Ver May 23 2017 Gov t forces Maute group clash in Marawi City CNN Philippines Retrieved May 23 2017 Doctor denies Marawi hospital taken over by Maute GMA News Retrieved May 26 2017 Maute Group waves ISIS black flag on Marawi streets Rappler May 23 2017 Retrieved May 24 2017 Fernandez E O May 23 2017 WE RE NOT OK Marawi mayor residents confirm fires in city blackout gunfire Philippine Daily Inquirer Retrieved May 24 2017 CATHEDRAL TORCHED Maute group holds hostage Marawi priest several parishioners bishop GMA News May 24 2017 Retrieved May 24 2017 Lagsa B May 24 2017 Thousands flee Marawi to eacape clashes Rappler Retrieved May 24 2017 a b Mallari M J May 25 2017 Police chief beheaded 5 soldiers slain in clash The Daily Tribune Archived from the original on January 22 2018 Retrieved May 25 2017 a b Gagalac R May 24 2017 At least 2 civilians dead in Marawi attack ABS CBN News Retrieved May 24 2017 Bajo A F May 24 2017 Maute group ties up shoots dead 9 civilians in Marawi GMA News Retrieved May 25 2017 9 na sibilyan na napadaan sa checkpoint ng Maute sa Marawi brutal na pinatay 9 civilians which passed by a Maute checkpoint were brutally killed GMA News in Filipino Retrieved May 25 2017 a b c Zambrano C May 25 2017 Fighting reignites in Marawi ABS CBN News Retrieved May 25 2017 a b AFP launches surgical air strikes to flush out Maute group in Marawi City ABS CBN News May 25 2017 Retrieved May 25 2017 Vanar M May 25 2017 Two Malaysians killed in Marawi City battle The Star Retrieved May 25 2017 AFP Marawi clearing operations ongoing CNN Philippines Retrieved May 28 2017 Dancel R May 26 2017 Singaporean among foreign fighters involved in ISIS linked insurgency in southern Philippines Marawi The Straits Times Retrieved May 26 2017 Military airstrikes destroy at least 4 houses in Marawi ABS CBN News May 27 2017 Retrieved May 27 2017 No civilians killed in Marawi air strikes AFP ABS CBN News May 27 2017 Retrieved May 28 2017 Church officials worried for priest companions abducted by Maute group ABS CBN News May 27 2017 Retrieved May 28 2017 Philippine military bomb Islamist militants in Marawi battle vow no let up despite Ramadan The Straits Times Agence France Presse May 27 2017 Retrieved May 27 2017 a b Maute group using 10 year old child warriors in Marawi City GMA News May 27 2017 Retrieved May 28 2017 Unson John May 27 2017 Troops reclaim parts of Marawi from Maute 90 of residents evacuated The Philippine Star Retrieved May 27 2017 Islamist militants kill 19 in Marawi Army Philippine Daily Inquirer Agence France Presse May 28 2017 Retrieved May 28 2017 Bodies of civilians dumped near Philippines city besieged by Islamists Reuters May 28 2017 Retrieved May 30 2017 2 000 trapped as fighting rages in Philippines Marawi city Govt The Straits Times May 28 2017 Retrieved May 28 2017 28 Malaysians join Maute militants in Philippines besieged Marawi city report The Straits Times May 28 2017 Retrieved May 28 2017 La Batu S Sapii M A May 29 2017 Indonesian extremists could join conflict in Marawi The Jakarta Post Retrieved May 29 2017 Andanar appeals for foreign support in extremist fight ABS CBN News May 28 2017 Retrieved May 29 2017 Punzalan Jamaine May 29 2017 100 dead in Marawi clashes ABS CBN News DZMM Teleradyo ABS CBN News Retrieved May 29 2017 Gov t forces make gains in Marawi City Philippine Daily Inquirer Associated Press May 29 2017 Retrieved May 29 2017 Placido D May 29 2017 BIFF fighting alongside Maute Abus in Marawi military ABS CBN News Retrieved May 29 2017 Cahiles G May 29 2017 14 hostages escape Maute captors in Marawi CNN Philippines Retrieved May 29 2017 a b c Tuyay F Bencito J P May 30 2017 MNLF Reds vs Maute Misuari vows to drive away terrorists seeking sanctuary Manila Standard Retrieved May 30 2017 Ranada Pia May 31 2017 Duterte creates peace corridors with MILF for Marawi residents Rappler Retrieved July 4 2017 Esmaquel P May 30 2017 Propaganda shows Marawi priest echoing kidnappers demand Rappler Retrieved May 30 2017 a b Zambrano C May 31 2017 Maute terrorists still control kew Marawi city bridges ABS CBN News Retrieved May 31 2017 Placido D May 30 2017 MILF ready to assist gov t in Marawi crisis ABS CBN News Retrieved May 31 2017 a b Army retakes 90 percent of Marawi ABS CBN News May 31 2017 Retrieved May 31 2017 Military takes control of 2 bridges in Marawi ABS CBN News May 31 2017 Retrieved June 1 2017 a b Military airstrike killed 10 soldiers in Marawi The Philippine Star Associated Press June 1 2017 Retrieved June 1 2017 a b Placido D May 31 2017 MARAWI CRISIS 8 terrorists surrender give valuable info ABS CBN News Retrieved June 1 2017 Pareno R May 31 2017 Marines arrive in Iligan to reinforce troops in Marawi The Philippine Star Retrieved June 1 2017 Foreigners from at least 5 countries fighting with rebels in southern Philippines Marawi Minister The Straits Times June 1 2017 Retrieved June 1 2017 Diola C AP June 1 2017 Raising estimate DND says 500 militants involved in Marawi The Philippine Star Retrieved June 1 2017 Philippine crisis deepens as air strike on rebels accidentally kills 11 soldiers Reuters com June 1 2017 Retrieved June 4 2017 Arra B Francia June 4 2017 SMC pledges assistance to families of soldiers killed in Marawi clash BusinessWorld Business World Retrieved June 4 2017 a b Alvarez K C June 1 2017 Pimentel tells military Review strategy after 11 soldiers killed in airstrike GMA News Retrieved June 1 2017 Placido D June 2 2017 Palace Resorts World incident not terrorism not linked to Marawi crisis ABS CBN News Retrieved June 2 2017 Mangosing F June 2 2017 AFP can t meet June 2 deadline to completely retake Marawi Philippine Daily Inquirer Retrieved June 2 2017 17 Indonesians trapped in conflict area rescued near Marawi ABS CBN News June 2 2017 Retrieved June 2 2017 Duterte 2 000 MNLF fighters to join gov t forces in Marawi City GMA News Placido Dharel June 5 2017 AFP MNLF may not be able to join gov t troops in fight vs Maute ABS CBN News Retrieved June 15 2017 Corrales Nestor June 7 2017 Duterte It s not yet time for MNLF to join AFP fight in Marawi Philippine Daily Inquirer Retrieved June 15 2017 Terrorists wound 2 soldiers during Marawi humanitarian pause Rappler Hundreds remain trapped as gunfire mars Marawi truce www aljazeera com a b Residents trapped as gunfire mars truce in Philippines city Reuters June 4 2017 Retrieved June 4 2017 Edith Regalado and John Unson Maute family nabbed P52 M in cash seized The Philippine Star Retrieved June 10 2017 Maute matriarch also arrested Rappler Retrieved June 10 2017 Elizabeth Joseph Joe Sterling and Spencer Feingold June 10 2017 US forces helping Philippines battle ISIS linked fighters CNN Retrieved June 26 2017 Independence Day in Marawi Philippine flag raised as bombs fall ABS CBN News June 12 2017 Retrieved August 29 2017 Military starts normalization ops as Marawi crisis continues ABS CBN News June 15 2017 Retrieved June 16 2017 PNA June 14 2017 Philippines army struggles as city siege enters fourth week Saudi Gazette Retrieved June 14 2017 Philippines claims control of 90 percent of Marawi www aljazeera com Retrieved June 26 2017 Packs of shabu drug paraphernalia seized by troops in Maute stronghold in Marawi CNN Philippines CNN Philippines June 20 2017 Retrieved June 25 2017 Viray Patricia Lourdes Australia sends spy planes to Marawi The Philippine Star Retrieved June 23 2017 Isnilon Hapilon posibleng nakatakas na DZIQ Radyo Inquirer 990AM June 24 2017 Retrieved June 25 2017 AFP declares 8 hour ceasefire in Marawi Philippine Daily Inquirer Associated Press June 25 2017 Retrieved June 25 2017 Gagalac Ron Sevida Edwin June 25 2017 Suspected gunfire mars Eid al Fitr truce in Marawi ABS CBN News Retrieved June 25 2017 Nawal Allan Dizon Nikko Tubeza Philip June 26 2017 8 hour ceasefire in Marawi ends with gunfire mortar blasts Philippine Daily Inquirer Team Inquirer Retrieved June 26 2017 a b 2 Australian surveillance planes fly over Marawi City ABS CBN News July 4 2017 Retrieved July 4 2017 Hapilon hiding in Marawi mosque says defense chief ABS CBN News July 3 2017 Palace Maute looted P500M in cash from Marawi The Philippine Star July 4 2017 Gov t troops retake Maute stronghold in Marawi Philippine Daily Inquirer July 4 2017 Fonbuena Carmela July 13 2017 FA50 fighter jets grounded after air strike mishap in Marawi Rappler Retrieved July 13 2017 a b Tubeza Jeoffrey Maitem Julie M Aurelio Philip C Marawi siege to go beyond 60 days Philippine Daily Inquirer Retrieved July 15 2017 Martial law extended in Mindanao BBC Duterte s report to Congress requesting martial law extension Philippine Daily Inquirer Duterte Marawi crisis introduced new type of urban warfare CNN Philippines Retrieved July 20 2017 Pareno Roel July 21 2017 Key Marawi bridge retaken 6 terrorist snipers killed The Philippine Star Retrieved September 25 2017 UPDATE 2 Congress votes to extend martial law in Mindanao until Dec 31 2017 The Manila Times Online The Manila Times Retrieved July 22 2017 Petty Manuel Mogato Manuel Philippine militants sought July deal to end Marawi conflict intermediaries say Reuters a b Maute terrorists holed up in Marawi grand mosque ABS CBN News August 19 2017 Retrieved August 21 2017 Military units recover Marawi City Police Station from Maute Group Philippine Canadian Inquirer Philippine News Agency August 24 2017 Retrieved August 25 2017 Hernaez Jeff August 24 2017 Troops retake Marawi mosque but find no terrorists hostages ABS CBN News Retrieved August 25 2017 Manolo B Jara August 30 2017 Top terrorists cornered in Marawi Military chief The Gulf Today Remitio Rex September 2 2017 Military retakes strategic Banggolo bridge in Marawi CNN Philippines Retrieved September 25 2017 Three soldiers five extremists killed in Marawi Gulf News September 1 2017 Ballaran Jhoanna Salaverria Leila September 2 2017 Palace lauds AFP for retaking strategic bridge in Marawi Philippine Daily Inquirer Team Inquirer Retrieved September 25 2017 Dancel Raul September 17 2017 Philippine troops rescue senior Catholic priest in assault on militant base in Marawi The Straits Times Singapore Press Holdings Ltd Co Retrieved September 17 2017 Punongbayan Michael September 25 2017 Generals cross Marawi bridges The Philippine Star Retrieved September 25 2017 Maitem Jeoffrey Tubeza Philip September 25 2017 Maute escape route sealed off Philippine Daily Inquirer Retrieved September 25 2017 Fonbuena Carmela September 23 2017 Marawi battle area shrinks as troops enclose 3rd bridge Rappler Retrieved October 4 2017 RYAN ROSAURO September 27 2017 Marawi sultan offers to act as mediator Sun Star Philippines Retrieved September 25 2017 Wakefield Francis October 10 2017 AFP Foreigners taking charge in Marawi siege Tempo Philippine News Agency Retrieved October 10 2017 Top Marawi siege leaders killed in clashes WARNING Graphic photo Rappler Photos of slain terror leaders Isnilon Hapilon Omar Maute WARNING Graphic photos GMA News Mangosing Frances Lorenzana confirms Isnilon Hapilon Omar Maute killed Philippine Daily Inquirer Retrieved October 16 2017 Umel Jeoffrey Maitem Nikko Dizon Richel More slain Maute Abu men recovered from battle zone Philippine Daily Inquirer Retrieved October 16 2017 Santos Elimor Duterte declares liberation of Marawi CNN Philippines Retrieved October 17 2017 Duterte Marawi liberated from terrorists ABS CBN News Retrieved October 17 2017 Lagsa Bobby Marawi City liberated Duterte Rappler Retrieved October 17 2017 Military pushes to defeat last Marawi fighters Sun Star Cagayan de Oro Associated Press October 17 2017 Retrieved October 17 2017 4 dead as fighting continues in southern Philippine city Fox News Associated press AFP confident Maute financier among 13 killed in Marawi CNNPhilippines Malaysian terrorist killed in Marawi Manila Times Military rescues more Maute hostages CNNPhilippines 10 more hostages rescued in Marawi ABS CBN News Palace Fighting not over in Marawi The Manila Times October 22 2017 Fighting in Marawi City may end soon military Gulf News Total victory declared in Marawi over ISIL Al Jazeera Fierce firefight as Philippines toughest urban war down to last building in Marawi Reuters October 22 2017 Retrieved October 22 2017 Morales Yvette Military All hostages rescued from Maute terrorists CNNPhilippines Marawi siege Philippines defence minister declares end of fighting Channel NewsAsia October 23 2017 Retrieved October 23 2017 Marawi combat operations over Lorenzana Rappler October 23 2017 Retrieved October 23 2017 Mystery militant on the radar The Star Online 11 foreign militants killed in Marawi The Manila Times September 5 2017 Retrieved September 5 2017 Malaysian militant wants to surrender Thestar com my October 23 2017 Retrieved October 23 2017 2 soldiers killed 11 injured in friendly airstrike in S Philippines News xinhuanet com Archived from the original on July 12 2017 Retrieved October 16 2017 Duterte Maute terrorists beheaded local police chief ABS CBN News Agence France Presse May 25 2017 Alconaba Nico May 26 2017 Duterte Misinformed Town police chief not beheaded says Am still alive Philippine Daily Inquirer Retrieved May 26 2017 Rauhala Emily May 26 2017 In declaring martial law Duterte cited the beheading of a police chief who is still alive The Washington Post The Latest Foreign fighters among militants in Philippines Associated Press May 26 2017 Archived from the original on July 20 2017 Retrieved May 26 2017 Andong L M L Arevalo R May 27 2017 Police chief thought to have been beheaded says it wasn t him ABS CBN News Retrieved May 28 2017 Gutierrez Natashya September 23 2017 How an army captain died saving his soldier s life in Marawi Rappler Retrieved March 26 2019 The Marawi war hero who received a Medal of Valor Rappler December 22 2018 Retrieved March 26 2019 Winning the war with IS in the Philippines but losing the peace The Economist July 20 2017 Retrieved July 22 2017 Philippines 59 Marawi city evacuees die of diseases Anadolu Agency June 16 2017 No failure of intelligence in Marawi The Philippine Star June 18 2017 Retrieved June 18 2017 Ubial denies deaths of 59 Marawi evacuees ABS CBN News Retrieved July 22 2017 Ubial denies reports 59 Marawi refugees have died in evacuation centers GMA News Retrieved July 22 2017 DOH denies citing 59 evacuees from Marawi died of various illnesses Philippine News Agency Archived from the original on June 19 2017 Retrieved July 22 2017 Philippine military kills escaping Islamist militant in Marawi Reuters Retrieved November 1 2017 Philippines Indonesian ISIL fighter arrested in Marawi Al Jazeera Retrieved November 1 2017 Romito Rex Two more Maute fighters killed in Marawi CNNPhilippines Retrieved November 2 2017 Banlaoi Rommel 2020 The Marawi Siege and its Aftermath The Continuing Terrorist Threats First ed London Cambridge Scholars Publishing ISBN 978 1 5275 3824 5 Marawi fighting continues as pro ISIL group chose emir Al Jazeera Reuters Retrieved November 6 2017 9 Maute stragglers killed in Marawi military CNNPhilippines Retrieved November 6 2017 Philippine troops kill 9 remaining militants in Marawi city Fox News Associated Press Retrieved November 6 2017 Malaysian terrorist could be new ISIS emir in S E Asia Straits times Retrieved November 12 2017 AFP Maute stragglers death toll at 11 CNNPhilippines Retrieved November 8 2017 AFP No more Maute stragglers in Marawi CNNPhilippines Retrieved November 16 2017 Looted cash gold from Marawi helps ISIS recruit in Philippines The Straits Times Reuters January 23 2018 Banlaoi Rommel October 17 2018 One year after the liberation of Marawi Islamic State PH still alive Vera Files Vera Files Retrieved October 17 2018 Banlaoi Rommel Three Years After Marawi Siege Terrorism In The Philippines Persists Amidst COVID 19 Pandemic Institute for Autonomy and Governance IAG Retrieved May 22 2020 SOLOMON BEN C ISIS Loyalists Invaded This Philippine City Here s What s Left NYTimes com Video Retrieved May 7 2018 Malicdem Ervin November 30 2017 Aftermath of the Battle of Marawi Schadow1 Expeditions Retrieved December 15 2017 The Marawi crisis has resulted to the damage of over 95 of the structures in the main battle area of about 4 square kilometers Of those affected 3 125 structures were completely destroyed or uninhabitable 913 buildings are heavily damaged while 1 232 structures were partially damaged a b Marawi Residents Will Return this Year Philippine Govt Says ReliefWeb May 24 2018 Retrieved May 25 2018 UN warned of massive human rights abuses on Philippines Mindanao The Straits Times December 28 2017 Retrieved May 25 2018 Mateo Mateo June 6 2017 Over 200 000 evacuated from Marawi The Philippine Star Retrieved October 1 2018 Philippines Unexploded Ordnance Slow Return of Marawi Residents Philippines ReliefWeb reliefweb int Retrieved December 10 2022 Felongco Gilbert May 22 2018 On siege anniversary 70 of residents back in Marawi City Gulf News Philippines Retrieved May 22 2018 Tomacruz Sofia August 8 2018 Over 64 000 families return to Marawi DSWD Rappler Retrieved October 24 2018 a b Sarmiento Bong S April 28 2019 Two years after terrorists siege Marawi is still down and out Philippine Daily Inquirer Retrieved April 28 2019 a b c Gotinga J C November 17 2017 War crimes in fight over Philippines Marawi Amnesty Al Jazeera Retrieved November 18 2017 Ranada Pia November 17 2017 PH military on Amnesty Int l report Abusive soldiers will be disciplined Rappler Retrieved November 18 2017 Peralta Malonzo Third Anne May 18 2018 Mindanao groups demand end to martial law SunStar Retrieved October 24 2018 Marawi rehabilitation has begun DILG The Manila Times October 18 2017 Retrieved October 28 2017 Ranada Pia July 3 2017 Duterte creates task force in charge of Marawi rehab Retrieved July 3 2017 P53B needed for Marawi rehab Malaya Business Insight May 22 2018 Archived from the original on July 7 2018 Retrieved May 22 2018 Marawi rehab could cost up to 80 B task force official CNN Philippines May 21 2018 Retrieved May 22 2018 Morales Yvette May 24 2017 Duterte declares martial law in Mindanao CNN Philippines Retrieved May 24 2017 Adel Rosette May 24 2017 Robredo calls for donation for Marawi attack victims The Philippine Star Groups call for donations for crisis hit Marawi Rappler May 24 2017 Robredo orders relief operations amid Marawi clashes Rappler May 24 2017 Mangosing Frances May 28 2017 US Embassy Advises Citizens of Possible Checkpoints in Metro Manila Philippine Daily Inquirer Retrieved May 29 2017 Hernandez Zen June 16 2017 DepEd calls for donations for displaced Marawi students ABS CBN News Retrieved June 16 2017 De Vera Ruiz Ellalyn June 11 2017 DSWD to give one time cash aid to families displaced due to Marawi crisis Manila Bulletin Retrieved June 16 2017 Ranada Pia July 3 2017 Duterte creates task force in charge of Marawi rehab Rappler Retrieved July 3 2017 PH withdraws hosting of 2019 SEA games ABS CBN News July 21 2017 Retrieved July 21 2017 Roxas Pathricia Ann August 17 2017 PH to host SEA Games in 2019 Philippine Daily Inquirer Retrieved August 17 2017 Ocampo Yas Lacson Nonoy June 15 2017 ARMM earmarks P35 M for Marawi City evacuees Manila Bulletin Retrieved June 16 2017 Lim Frinston June 8 2017 Compostela Valley extends help to Marawi victims Philippine Daily Inquirer Retrieved June 16 2017 Santos Jamil Joseph August 12 2017 Maute group declared as enemy of Maranao people Adiong GMA News LBG GMA News Retrieved August 21 2017 Students fleeing Marawi can be Makati scholars Philippine Daily Inquirer June 16 2017 Retrieved June 16 2017 ISIS ally in Philippines storms Catholic cathedral takes hostages Catholic News Agency May 24 2017 MILF condemns terror attack in Marawi ABS CBN News May 25 2017 Retrieved May 25 2017 Gumapon Franklin June 16 2017 Lanao Sultans Imams call for end to Marawi crisis Philippine Information Agency Iligan Archived from the original on July 1 2017 Retrieved June 16 2017 Dizon Nikko July 4 2017 MILF supports fatwa vs violent radicalism in Bangsamoro Philippine Daily Inquirer Retrieved July 4 2017 Muslim clerics call for end to airstrikes in Marawi Philippine Daily Inquirer August 17 2017 Retrieved August 21 2017 Netizens terrified or trusting of martial law in Mindanao Rappler May 14 2017 Retrieved May 25 2017 Cupin Bea May 24 2017 PNP Limit Marawi posts to what you know what you see Rappler Retrieved May 24 2017 Nelz Jay Nelz May 24 2017 Pinoy Celebrities React To Ongoing Marawi City Clash Philippine News PhilNews ph Retrieved May 25 2017 Fernandez Edwin Maitem Jeoffrey September 20 2017 New armed group after IS inspired terrorists in Marawi Philippine Daily Inquirer Retrieved September 20 2017 Musico J F May 25 2017 PHL s crackdown on terrorism gets China s support Philippine News Agency Philippine News Agency Archived from the original on May 29 2017 Retrieved May 26 2017 a b Macas T May 24 2017 Putin condoles with Marawi clash victims GMA News Retrieved May 24 2017 U S assures PH of support as clashes continue in Marawi ABS CBN News May 25 2017 Retrieved May 26 2017 Cheng Willard June 16 2017 Canada vows help for PH amid Marawi crisis ABS CBN News Retrieved June 16 2017 Malaysia to tighten borders after Duterte announces martial law Report Today May 25 2017 Retrieved May 25 2017 UK warns vs travel to Marawi City rest of western Mindanao ABS CBN News May 24 2017 Retrieved May 25 2017 Saudi Embassy in Philippines warns against visiting public places Arab News Saudi Research amp Publishing Company June 29 2017 Retrieved June 29 2017 Mateo Janvic May 28 2017 Malaysia offers help in Philippines fight vs terrorists The Philippine Star Retrieved May 28 2017 Malaysia Philippines Indonesia to kick off joint patrols off Mindanao to fight militants Hisham New Straits Times June 3 2017 Retrieved June 6 2017 Indonesia to build military base near southern Philippines The Jakarta Post Retrieved June 17 2017 a b Valente Catherine June 24 2017 Australia sending spy planes to Marawi The Manila Times Retrieved June 25 2017 As soon as the AFP and the Australian military finalize operational details the AP 3C Orion aircraft of Australia will immediately assist in the ongoing operations in Marawi City he added Gribbin Caitlyn June 23 2017 Australian spy planes to fly over southern Philippines in Islamic State fight ABC News ABC Retrieved June 24 2017 Williams Jacqueline Villamor Filipe June 23 2017 Australia to Send Spy Planes to Help Philippines Recapture Marawi The New York Times Sydney and Manila Retrieved June 24 2017 Greene Andrew August 29 2017 Islamic State Australia offers to send Special Forces to help fight IS in Philippines city of Marawi ABC News Retrieved August 29 2017 Greene Andrew McGhee Ashlynne September 1 2017 Australian special forces closer to helping Duterte s troops in battle against Islamic State ABC News Australia Retrieved September 1 2017 a b Ranada Pia June 28 2017 China gives P370M in guns ammunition to PH Rappler Retrieved June 28 2017 Russia fully supports PHL government s fight vs terrorism in Marawi says ambassador Eagle News June 24 2017 Retrieved September 19 2019 Tubeza Philip November 11 2017 Duterte Russia helped turn tide in Marawi Philippine Daily Inquirer Retrieved September 19 2019 Agoncillo Jodee July 7 2017 Korean Embassy donates P5M to Marawi victims via Red Cross Philippine Daily Inquirer Retrieved July 10 2017 a b European Union donates P49M for Marawi victims ABS CBN News July 4 2017 Retrieved July 4 2017 Unson John July 8 2017 Turkish government to help feed Marawi students The Philippine Star Retrieved July 10 2017 Singapore offers SAF assistance to help Philippines fight terrorism Channel NewsAsia July 19 2017 Retrieved August 1 2017 Dancel Raul July 19 2017 Singapore offers drones urban warfare training grounds aid to help Philippines fight militants in Marawi The Straits Times Singapore Press Holdings Ltd Co Retrieved July 19 2017 Amita Legaspi July 19 2017 Lorenzana welcomes Singapore s help in the fight vs Maute rebuild of Marawi GMA News Retrieved August 1 2017 Wassana Nanuam July 26 2017 Thai military ready to aid Philippines Bangkok Post Retrieved August 1 2017 Armed Forces hopes to send humanitarian aid to Marawi The Star July 7 2017 Retrieved August 1 2017 PHL Ambassador Thanks Malaysia for Aid to Marawi Embassy of the Philippines Kuala Lumpur July 25 2017 Retrieved August 1 2017 Melissa Goh July 25 2017 Malaysia to send more aid to Philippines as Marawi standoff enters third month Channel NewsAsia Retrieved August 1 2017 Prashanth Parameswaran July 26 2017 Malaysia to Deploy More Terror Aid to Philippines The Diplomat Retrieved August 1 2017 Viray Patricia Lourdes September 5 2017 US provides P730 M aid for Marawi rehab The Philippine Star Retrieved October 24 2017 External links Edit Wikimedia Commons has media related to Marawi crisis Mindanao Hour by the Philippine Information Agency Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Siege of Marawi amp oldid 1127951058, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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