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Government of the Philippines

April 03, 2023

The Government of the Philippines (Filipino: Pamahalaan ng Pilipinas) has three interdependent branches: the legislative, executive, and judicial branches. The Philippines is governed as a unitary state under a presidential representative and democratic constitutional republic in which the president functions as both the head of state and the head of government of the country within a pluriform multi-party system.

Government of the Philippines
Pamahalaan ng Pilipinas
JurisdictionRepublic of the Philippines
Websitewww.gov.ph
Legislative branch
LegislatureCongress
Meeting placeBatasang Pambansa Complex
(House of Representatives)
GSIS Building
(Senate)
Executive branch
LeaderPresident
AppointerDirect popular vote
HeadquartersMalacañang Palace
Main organCabinet
DepartmentsExecutive departments of the Philippines
Judicial branch
CourtSupreme Court
SeatManila

The powers of the three branches are vested by the Constitution of the Philippines in the following: Legislative power is vested in the two-chamber Congress of the Philippines—the Senate is the upper chamber and the House of Representatives is the lower chamber.[1] Executive power is exercised by the government under the leadership of the president. Judicial power is vested in the courts with the Supreme Court of the Philippines as the highest judicial body.

Legislative branch

The legislative power is vested in the Congress of the Philippines which consists of the Senate of the Philippines and the House of Representatives. The upper house is located in Pasay, while the lower house is located in Quezon City; both are in Metro Manila. The district and sectoral representatives are elected for a term of three years; they can be re-elected but they may not run for a fourth consecutive term.

Senators are elected to a term of six years; they can be re-elected but may not run for a third consecutive term. The House of Representatives may opt to pass for a vacancy of a legislative seat, which leads to a special election. The winner of the special election will serve the unfinished term of the previous district representative, and will be considered as one elective term. The same rule also applies in the Senate; however, it only applies if the seat was vacated before a regular legislative election.

The current president of the Senate is Juan Miguel Zubiri, and the speaker of the House of Representatives is Martin Romualdez.

National government

Local government

Executive branch

The president and vice president are elected separately by national popular vote. The vice president is first in line to succession if the president resigns, is removed after impeachment, permanently incapacitated or dies. The vice president is usually, though not always, a member of the president's cabinet. If there is a vacancy in the position of vice-president, the president will appoint any member of Congress (usually a party member) as the new vice president. The appointment must then be validated by a three-fourths vote of the Congress.[2]

The current president and vice president are Bongbong Marcos and Sara Duterte, respectively.

National government

Local government

Judicial branch

Main article: Judiciary of the Philippines

The judicial power is vested in the Supreme Court of the Philippines and lower courts established by law. The Supreme Court, which has a chief justice as its head and 14 associate justices, occupies the highest tier of the judiciary. The justices serve until the age of 70. The justices are appointed by the president on the recommendation of the Judicial and Bar Council of the Philippines.[3] The sitting chief justice is Alexander Gesmundo, the 27th to serve in that position.

Other court types of courts, of varying jurisdiction around the archipelago, are the following:

Constitutional commissions

Article 9 of the Constitution of the Philippines establishes three independent constitutional commissions: the Civil Service Commission, the Commission on Elections, and the Commission on Audit.[4]

The Civil Service Commission is the central personnel agency of the Philippine government. It is responsible for strengthening employment and a conducive work environment in the civil service sector and overseeing the Civil Service Exam, a civil service entrance examination to assess qualifications and work integrity for employment in the sector.[4]

The Commission on Elections enforces and administers all laws and regulations related to the conducting of elections, plebiscites, initiatives, referendums, and recalls. It decides on all decisions surrounding election protests and contests and has the right to deputize and take control of law enforcement and state security forces to ensure the free and orderly conduct of elections.[4]

The Commission on Audit is responsible for examining, auditing, and settling all revenues and expenditures of public funds and properties used by the government or its attached agencies.[4]

Office of the ombudsman

See also: Corruption in the Philippines

The Philippine government or three of its branches are independently monitored by the office of the ombudsman (Filipino: Tanodbayan). The ombudsman is given the mandate to investigate and prosecute any government official allegedly guilty of crimes, especially graft and corruption. The ombudsman is assisted by six deputies: the overall deputy, the deputy for Luzon, the deputy for Visayas, the deputy for Mindanao, the deputy for the armed forces, and the special prosecutor.

Local government

Main article: Local government in the Philippines

The Philippines has four main classes of elected administrative divisions, often lumped together as local government units (LGUs). They are, from the highest to the lowest division:

  1. Autonomous and administrative regions
  2. Provinces and independent cities
  3. Municipalities and component cities
  4. Barangays

References

  1. ^ Exec. Order No. 1987-292 Book II Chapter 1 Section 1 (July 25, 1987) President of the Philippines. Retrieved on November 21, 2015.
  2. ^ Philippine Government
  3. ^ Redden, R.K. 1984. Modern Legal System Cyclopedia – Asia Chapter 7(b) "The legal system of the Philippines" W.B. Hein, Buffalo NY
  4. ^ a b c d "1987 Constitution of the Philippines, art. 9". Official Gazette. Retrieved December 28, 2018.

April 03, 2023
government, philippines, filipino, pamahalaan, pilipinas, three, interdependent, branches, legislative, executive, judicial, branches, philippines, governed, unitary, state, under, presidential, representative, democratic, constitutional, republic, which, pres. The Government of the Philippines Filipino Pamahalaan ng Pilipinas has three interdependent branches the legislative executive and judicial branches The Philippines is governed as a unitary state under a presidential representative and democratic constitutional republic in which the president functions as both the head of state and the head of government of the country within a pluriform multi party system Government of the PhilippinesPamahalaan ng PilipinasJurisdictionRepublic of the PhilippinesWebsitewww wbr gov wbr phLegislative branchLegislatureCongressMeeting placeBatasang Pambansa Complex House of Representatives GSIS Building Senate Executive branchLeaderPresidentAppointerDirect popular voteHeadquartersMalacanang PalaceMain organCabinetDepartmentsExecutive departments of the PhilippinesJudicial branchCourtSupreme CourtSeatManilaThe powers of the three branches are vested by the Constitution of the Philippines in the following Legislative power is vested in the two chamber Congress of the Philippines the Senate is the upper chamber and the House of Representatives is the lower chamber 1 Executive power is exercised by the government under the leadership of the president Judicial power is vested in the courts with the Supreme Court of the Philippines as the highest judicial body Contents 1 Legislative branch 1 1 National government 1 2 Local government 2 Executive branch 2 1 National government 2 2 Local government 3 Judicial branch 4 Constitutional commissions 5 Office of the ombudsman 6 Local government 7 ReferencesLegislative branch EditThe legislative power is vested in the Congress of the Philippines which consists of the Senate of the Philippines and the House of Representatives The upper house is located in Pasay while the lower house is located in Quezon City both are in Metro Manila The district and sectoral representatives are elected for a term of three years they can be re elected but they may not run for a fourth consecutive term Senators are elected to a term of six years they can be re elected but may not run for a third consecutive term The House of Representatives may opt to pass for a vacancy of a legislative seat which leads to a special election The winner of the special election will serve the unfinished term of the previous district representative and will be considered as one elective term The same rule also applies in the Senate however it only applies if the seat was vacated before a regular legislative election The current president of the Senate is Juan Miguel Zubiri and the speaker of the House of Representatives is Martin Romualdez National government Edit Senate House of RepresentativesLocal government Edit Bangsamoro Parliament an autonomous region in Mindanao Sangguniang Panlalawigan Provincial Council Sangguniang Panlungsod City Council Sangguniang Bayan Municipal Council Sangguniang Barangay Barangay Council Executive branch EditThe president and vice president are elected separately by national popular vote The vice president is first in line to succession if the president resigns is removed after impeachment permanently incapacitated or dies The vice president is usually though not always a member of the president s cabinet If there is a vacancy in the position of vice president the president will appoint any member of Congress usually a party member as the new vice president The appointment must then be validated by a three fourths vote of the Congress 2 The current president and vice president are Bongbong Marcos and Sara Duterte respectively National government Edit President Vice President Cabinet secretariesLocal government Edit Regional chief minister Provincial governor Provincial vice governor City Municipal mayor City Municipal vice mayor Barangay chairmanJudicial branch EditMain article Judiciary of the Philippines The judicial power is vested in the Supreme Court of the Philippines and lower courts established by law The Supreme Court which has a chief justice as its head and 14 associate justices occupies the highest tier of the judiciary The justices serve until the age of 70 The justices are appointed by the president on the recommendation of the Judicial and Bar Council of the Philippines 3 The sitting chief justice is Alexander Gesmundo the 27th to serve in that position Other court types of courts of varying jurisdiction around the archipelago are the following Lower Collegiate Courts Court of Appeals Court of Tax Appeals Sandiganbayan a special appellate court Regular Courts Regional Trial Courts First level courts Metropolitan Trial Courts Municipal Trial Courts Municipal Trial Courts in Cities Municipal Circuit Trial Courts Sharia Courts Sharia District Courts Sharia Circuit CourtsConstitutional commissions EditArticle 9 of the Constitution of the Philippines establishes three independent constitutional commissions the Civil Service Commission the Commission on Elections and the Commission on Audit 4 The Civil Service Commission is the central personnel agency of the Philippine government It is responsible for strengthening employment and a conducive work environment in the civil service sector and overseeing the Civil Service Exam a civil service entrance examination to assess qualifications and work integrity for employment in the sector 4 The Commission on Elections enforces and administers all laws and regulations related to the conducting of elections plebiscites initiatives referendums and recalls It decides on all decisions surrounding election protests and contests and has the right to deputize and take control of law enforcement and state security forces to ensure the free and orderly conduct of elections 4 The Commission on Audit is responsible for examining auditing and settling all revenues and expenditures of public funds and properties used by the government or its attached agencies 4 Office of the ombudsman EditSee also Corruption in the Philippines The Philippine government or three of its branches are independently monitored by the office of the ombudsman Filipino Tanodbayan The ombudsman is given the mandate to investigate and prosecute any government official allegedly guilty of crimes especially graft and corruption The ombudsman is assisted by six deputies the overall deputy the deputy for Luzon the deputy for Visayas the deputy for Mindanao the deputy for the armed forces and the special prosecutor Local government EditMain article Local government in the Philippines Local government hierarchyPresident of the PhilippinesAutonomous regionsProvincesIndependent citiesProvincesIndependent citiesComponent citiesMunicipalitiesComponent citiesMunicipalitiesBarangaysBarangaysBarangaysBarangaysBarangaysBarangays The dashed lines emanating from the president means that the President only exercises general supervision on local government vte The Philippines has four main classes of elected administrative divisions often lumped together as local government units LGUs They are from the highest to the lowest division Autonomous and administrative regions Provinces and independent cities Municipalities and component cities BarangaysReferences Edit Exec Order No 1987 292 Book II Chapter 1 Section 1 July 25 1987 President of the Philippines Retrieved on November 21 2015 Philippine Government Redden R K 1984 Modern Legal System Cyclopedia Asia Chapter 7 b The legal system of the Philippines W B Hein Buffalo NY a b c d 1987 Constitution of the Philippines art 9 Official Gazette Retrieved December 28 2018 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Government of the Philippines amp oldid 1143838238, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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