fbpx
Wikipedia

Outline of Wikipedia

January 13, 2023

This page is an outline of Wikipedia's coverage of itself. For an outline of all coverage on Wikipedia, see Wikipedia:Contents/Outlines

Wikipedia is a free, web-based, collaborative and multilingual encyclopedia website and project supported by the non-profit Wikimedia Foundation. It has more than 48 million articles (over 6.6 million in English) written collaboratively by volunteers around the world. Almost all of its articles can be edited by anyone with access to the site,[1] and it has about 100,000 regularly active contributors.[2]

What type of thing is Wikipedia?

 
Main page of Wikipedia
  • Reference work – compendium of information, usually of a specific type, compiled in a book for ease of reference. That is, the information is intended to be quickly found when needed. Reference works are usually referred to for particular pieces of information, rather than read beginning to end. The writing style used in these works is informative; the authors avoid use of the first person, and emphasize facts.
    • Encyclopedia – type of reference work or compendium holding a comprehensive summary of information from either all branches of knowledge or a particular branch of knowledge.[3] Encyclopedias are divided into articles or entries, which are usually accessed alphabetically by article name.[4] Encyclopedia entries are longer and more detailed than those in most dictionaries.[4]
  • Database – organized collection of data. The data is typically organized to model aspects of reality in a way that supports processes requiring information. For example, modelling the availability of rooms in hotels in a way that supports finding a hotel with vacancies.
    • Online database – database accessible from a network, including from the Internet (such as on a web page).
  • Website – collection of related web pages containing images, videos, or other digital assets. A website is hosted on at least one web server, accessible via a network such as the Internet or a private local area network through an Internet address known as a Uniform Resource Locator. All publicly accessible websites collectively constitute the World Wide Web.
    • Wiki – website that allows the creation and editing of any number of interlinked web pages via a web browser using a simplified markup language or a WYSIWYG text editor.[5][6][7] Wikis are typically powered by wiki software and are often developed and used collaboratively by multiple users. Examples include community websites, corporate intranets, knowledge management systems, and note services. The software can also be used for personal notetaking.
  • Community – group of interacting people with social cohesion, who may share common values.
    • Community of action – community in which participants endeavor collaboratively to bring about change.
    • Community of interest – community of people who share a common interest or passion. These people exchange ideas and thoughts about the given passion, but may know (or care) little about each other outside of this area. The common interest on Wikipedia is knowledge.
    • Community of purpose – community that serves a functional need, smoothing the path of the member for a limited period surrounding a given activity. For example, researching a topic on Wikipedia.org, buying a car on autobytel.com, or antique collectors on icollector.com or individual.
    • Virtual community – social network of individuals who interact through specific media, potentially crossing geographical and political boundaries in order to pursue mutual interests or goals.
      • Online community – virtual community that exists online and whose members enable its existence through taking part in membership ritual. An online community can take the form of an information system where anyone can post content, such as a Bulletin board system or one where only a restricted number of people can initiate posts, such as Weblogs.
        • Wiki community – users, especially the editors, of a particular wiki.
  • Collective memory – shared pool of information held in the memories of two or more members of a group.

Implementation of Wikipedia

  • Structure of Wikipedia
    • List of Wikipedias – Wikipedia is implemented in many languages. As of April 2018, there were 304 Wikipedias, of which 294 are active.[8]
    • Logo of Wikipedia – unfinished globe constructed from jigsaw pieces—some pieces are still missing at the top—inscribed with glyphs from many different writing systems.
    • Articles – written works published in a print or electronic medium. Each Wikipedia is divided into many articles, with each article focusing on a particular topic.
      • Types of articles on Wikipedia
        • Prose articles –
        • Lists –
          • Item lists –
          • Article indexes (on the English Wikipedia) –
          • Outlines (on the English Wikipedia) –
  • Content management on Wikipedia – processes for the collection, managing, and publishing of information on Wikipedia
    • Deletionism and inclusionism in Wikipedia – opposing philosophies of editors of Wikipedia concerning the appropriate scope of the encyclopedia, and the appropriate point for a topic to be included as an encyclopedia article or be "deleted".[9]
    • Notability in English Wikipedia – metric used to determine topics meriting a dedicated encyclopedia article.[10] It attempts to assess whether a topic has "gained sufficiently significant attention by the world at large and over a period of time"[10] as evidenced by significant coverage in reliable secondary sources that are independent of the topic.[11]
    • Reliability of Wikipedia – Wikipedia is open to anonymous and collaborative editing, so assessments of its reliability usually include examinations of how quickly false or misleading information is removed. An early study conducted by IBM researchers in 2003—two years following Wikipedia's establishment—found that "vandalism is usually repaired extremely quickly—so quickly that most users will never see its effects"[12] and concluded that Wikipedia had "surprisingly effective self-healing capabilities".[13]
    • Vandalism on Wikipedia – the act of editing the project in a malicious manner that is intentionally disruptive. Vandalism includes the addition, removal, or other modification of the text or other material that is either humorous, nonsensical, a hoax, spam or promotion of a subject, or that is of an offensive, humiliating, or otherwise degrading in nature. There are various measures taken by Wikipedia to prevent or reduce the amount of vandalism.
    • Wiki magic – described by Jimmy Wales as a phenomenon whereby an author may write the beginnings of an article at the end of the day, only to wake up in the morning and find the stub converted into a much more substantial article.
  • Computer technology that makes Wikipedia work:
     
    Servers installed in Ashburn, Virginia (US)
    • Hardware
      • Computers – general purpose devices that can be programmed to carry out sets of arithmetic or logical operations automatically. A computer that is used to host server software is called a "server". It takes many servers to make Wikipedia available to the world. These servers are run by the WikiMedia Foundation.[14]
    • Software – Wikipedia is powered by the following software on WikiMedia Foundation's computers (servers). It takes all of these to make Wikipedia pages available on the World Wide Web:
      • Operating systems used on WikiMedia Foundation's servers:
        • Ubuntu Server – used on all Wikipedia servers except those used for image file storage
        • Solaris – used on Wikipedia's image file storage servers
      • MediaWiki – main web application that makes Wikipedia work. It's a free web-based wiki software application developed by the Wikimedia Foundation (WMF), written in PHP, that is used to run all of WMF's projects, including Wikipedia. Numerous other wikis around the world also use it.
      • Content storage – Wikipedia's content (it's articles and other pages) are stored in MariaDB databases.[15] WikiMedia Foundation's wikis are grouped into clusters, and each cluster is served by several MariaDB servers, in a single-master configuration.
      • Distributed object storage – distributed objects are software modules that are designed to work together, but reside either in multiple computers connected via a network. One object sends a message to another object in a remote machine to perform some task.
      • Proxy servers – act as an intermediary for requests from clients seeking resources from other servers. A client connects to the proxy server, requesting some service, such as a file, connection, web page, or other resource available from a different server and the proxy server evaluates the request as a way to simplify and control its complexity. Proxies were invented to add structure and encapsulation to distributed systems. Today, most proxies are web proxies, facilitating access to content on the World Wide Web. The proxy servers used for Wikipedia are:
        • For serving up HTML pages – Squid and Varnish caching proxy servers in front of Apache HTTP Server. Apache processes requests via HTTP, the basic network protocol used to distribute information on the World Wide Web.
        • For serving up image files – Squid and Varnish caching proxy servers in front of
        • DNS proxies – WikiMedia Foundation's DNS proxy servers run PowerDNS. It's a DNS server program that runs under Unix (including Ubuntu). DNS stands for "domain name system".
        • Load balancing –
          • Linux Virtual Server (LVS) – Wikipedia uses LVS on commodity servers to load-balance incoming requests. LVS is also used as an internal load balancer to distribute MediaWiki and Lucene back-end requests.
          • PyBal – Wikimedia Foundation's own system for back-end monitoring and failover.
      • Caching
        • Memcached – Wikipedia uses Memcached for caching of database query and computation results.
      • For full-text search – Wikipedia uses Lucene, with extensive customization contributed by Robert Stojnic.
      • Wikimedia configuration files[16]
    • Setting up Wikipedia on a home computer

Wikipedia community

  • Community of Wikipedia – loosely-knit network of volunteers, sometimes known as "Wikipedians", who make contributions to the online encyclopedia, Wikipedia. A hierarchy exists whereby certain editors are elected to be given greater editorial control by other community members.
    • Volunteering – altruistic activity, intended to promote good or improve human quality of life, but people also volunteer for their own skill development, to meet others, to make contacts for possible employment, to have fun, and a variety of other reasons that could be considered self-serving. Volunteerism is the act of selflessly giving your life to something you believe free of pay. Wikipedia is written entirely by volunteers.
      • Virtual volunteering – working on a task on-line, off-site from the organization being assisted, without the requirement or expectation of being paid, using a computer or other Internet-connected device. Wikipedia is developed on-line by contributors using their web browsers.
        • Micro-volunteering – tasks done by a volunteer, or a team of volunteers, without payment, either online or offline in small increments of time.
    • Motivations of Wikipedia contributors – article includes various studies about the motivations of Wikipedia contributors.
    • Arbitration Committee (ArbCom) – panel of editors elected by the Wikipedia community that imposes binding rulings with regard to disputes between editors of the online encyclopedia.[17] It acts as the court of last resort for disputes among editors.[18]
    • The Signpost – on-line community-written and community-edited newspaper, covering stories, events and reports related to Wikipedia and the Wikimedia Foundation sister projects.

Viewing Wikipedia off-line

  • Kiwix – free and open-source offline web browser created by Emmanuel Engelhart and Renaud Gaudin in 2007. It was first launched to allow offline access to Wikipedia, but has since expanded to include other projects from the Wikimedia foundation as well as public domain texts from the Project Gutenberg.
  • XOWA – open-source application written primarily in Java by anonymous developers, intended for users who wish to run their own copy of Wikipedia, or any other compatible Wiki offline without an internet connection. XOWA is compatible with Microsoft Windows, OSX, Linux and Android.

Diffusion of Wikipedia

  • Diffusion – process by which a new idea or new product is accepted by the market. The rate of diffusion is the speed that the new idea spreads from one consumer to the next. In economics it is more often named "technological change".
  • Diffusion of innovations – process by which an innovation is communicated through certain channels over time among the members of a social system.
  • List of Wikipedias – Wikipedia has spread around the world, being made available to people in their native tongues. As of April 2018, there were 299 Wikipedias.

Websites that use Wikipedia

  • Books LLC – publishes print-on-demand paperback and downloadable compilations of English texts and documents from open knowledge sources such as Wikipedia.[19]
  • DBpedia –
  • Koru search engine –
  • Wikipediavision –

Websites that mirror Wikipedia

Wikipedia derived encyclopedias

Parodies of Wikipedia

  • Bigipedia – a comedy series broadcast by BBC Radio 4 in July 2009, which was set on a website which was a parody of Wikipedia. Some of the sketches were directly inspired by Wikipedia and its articles.[20]
  • Encyclopedia Dramatica –
  • La Frikipedia –
  • Stupidedia –
  • Uncyclopedia – satirical website that parodies Wikipedia. Founded in 2005[21] as an originally English-language wiki, the project currently spans over 75 languages. The English version has over 30,000 pages of content, second only to the Brazilian/Portuguese.[22]

Wikipedia-related media

  • Wikipedia Signpost – on-line community-written and community-edited newspaper, covering stories, events and reports related to Wikipedia and the Wikimedia Foundation sister projects.

Books about Wikipedia

Main article: List of books about Wikipedia

Films about Wikipedia

Third-party software related to Wikipedia

  • DBpedia (from "DB" for "database") – database built from the structured content of Wikipedia, including infoboxes, etc. It is made available for free on the World Wide Web. DBpedia allows users to semantically query relationships and properties associated with Wikipedia resources, including links to other related datasets.
  • Kiwix – free program used to view Wikipedia offline (no Internet connection). This is done by reading the content of the project stored in a file of the ZIM format, which contains the compressed contents of Wikipedia. Kiwix is designed for computers without Internet access, and in particular, computers in schools in the Third World, where Internet service is scant.
  • WikiTaxonomy – hierarchy of classes and instances (an ontology) automatically generated from Wikipedia's category system
  • YAGO (Yet Another Great Ontology) – knowledge base developed at the Max Planck Institute for Computer Science in Saarbrücken. It is automatically extracted from Wikipedia and other sources. It includes knowledge about more than 10 million entities and contains more than 120 million facts about these entities.

Mobile apps

Main article: List of Wikipedia mobile applications
  • QRpedia – mobile Web-based system which uses QR codes to deliver Wikipedia articles to users, in their preferred language.[23][24][25] The QRpedia server uses Wikipedia's API[23] to determine whether there is a version of the specified Wikipedia article in the language used by the device, and if so, returns it in a mobile-friendly format. If there is no version of the article available in the preferred language, then the QRpedia server performs a search for the article title on the relevant language's Wikipedia, and returns the results.
  • WikiNodes – app for the Apple iPad for browsing Wikipedia using a radial tree approach to visualize how articles and subsections of articles are interrelated. It is a visual array of related items (articles or sections of an article), which spread on the screen, as a spiderweb of icons.[26]

Reliability analysis programs

  • Wiki-Watch – free page analysis tool that automatically assesses the reliability of Wikipedia articles in English and German. It produces a five-level evaluation score corresponding to its assessment of reliability.[27]
  • Wikibu – assesses the reliability of German Wikipedia articles.[28][29] It was originally designed for use in schools to improve information literacy.[28]
  • WikiTrust – assesses the credibility of content and author reputation of wiki articles using an automated algorithm. WikiTrust is a plug-in for servers using the MediaWiki platform, such as Wikipedia.

General Wikipedia concepts

Politics of Wikipedia

History of Wikipedia

History of Wikipedia – Wikipedia was formally launched on 15 January 2001 by Jimmy Wales and Larry Sanger, using the concept and technology of a wiki pioneered by Ward Cunningham. Initially, Wikipedia was created to complement Nupedia, an online encyclopedia project edited solely by experts, by providing additional draft articles and ideas for it. Wikipedia quickly overtook Nupedia, becoming a global project in multiple languages and inspiring a wide range of additional reference projects.

  • Nupedia – the predecessor of Wikipedia. Nupedia was an English-language Web-based encyclopedia that lasted from March 2000[31] until September 2003. Its articles were written by experts and licensed as free content. It was founded by Jimmy Wales and underwritten by Bomis, with Larry Sanger as editor-in-chief.
  • Wayback Machine – digital time capsule created by the Internet Archive non-profit organization, based in San Francisco, California. The service enables users to see archived versions of web pages (including Wikipedia) across time, which the Archive calls a "three dimensional index". Internet Archive bought the domain waybackmachine.org for their own site. It is currently in its beta test.
    • Founders of Wikipedia
      • Larry Sanger – chief organizer (2001–2002) of Wikipedia. He moved on and founded Citizendium.[32][33]
      • Jimmy Wales – historically cited as a co-founder of Wikipedia, though he has disputed the "co-" designation, declaring himself the sole founder. Wales serves on the board of trustees of the Wikimedia Foundation, the non-profit charitable organization he helped establish to operate Wikipedia, holding its board-appointed "community founder seat".
    • Academic studies about Wikipedia – In recent years there have been numerous academic studies about Wikipedia in peer-reviewed publications. This research can be grouped into two categories. The first analyzed the production and reliability of the encyclopedia content, while the second investigated social aspects, such as usage and administration. Such studies are greatly facilitated by the fact that Wikipedia's database can be downloaded without needing to ask the assistance of the site owner.[34]
    • Flagged Revisions – software extension to the MediaWiki wiki software that allows moderation of edits to Wiki pages. It was developed by the Wikimedia Foundation for use on Wikipedia and similar wikis hosted on its servers. On June 14, 2010, English Wikipedia began a 2-month trial of a similar feature known as pending changes.[35] In May 2011, this feature was removed indefinitely from all articles, after a discussion among English Wikipedia editors.[36]

    Wikipedia-inspired projects

    • Citizendium – is a wiki for providing free knowledge where authors use their real, verified names.
    • Conservapedia – is an English-language wiki encyclopedia project written from an American conservative point of view.
    • Infogalactic – is intended to have less alleged politically progressive, left-wing, or "politically correct" bias than Wikipedia, and to allow articles or statements that would not be allowed on Wikipedia because of problems with Wikipedia's policies on reliable sources, or due to alleged biases held by Wikipedia editors.
    • Knol – was a Google project that aimed to include user-written articles on a range of topics.
    • Scholarpedia – is an English-language online wiki-based encyclopedia with features commonly associated with open-access online academic journals, which aims to have quality content.
    • Uncyclopedia – is a satirical website that parodies Wikipedia. Its logo, a hollow "puzzle potato", parodies Wikipedia's globe puzzle logo, and it styles itself "the content-free encyclopedia", which is a parody of Wikipedia's slogan, "the free encyclopedia". The project spans over 75 languages. The English version has approximately 30,000 pages of content, second only to the Portuguese.

    Wikipedia in culture

    Wikipedia in culture –

    • Wikiracing – game using the online encyclopedia Wikipedia which focuses on traversing links from one page to another.[37] The average number of links separating any two Wikipedia pages is 3.67.[38]

    People in relation to Wikipedia

    Critics of Wikipedia

    Wikipedia Foundations and Organizations

    • Wikimedia Foundation – the non profit based in San Francisco, California, USA which was established to own and manage the trademarks and the servers for Wikipedia and its sister projects.

    Wikipedia-related projects

    Wikipedia's sister projects

    "Sister projects" redirects here. For another use, see Geograph Britain and Ireland § Sister projects.

    Wikimedia projects

    •   Commons – online repository of free-use images, sound and other media files, hosted by the Wikimedia Foundation.
    •   MediaWiki website – home of MediaWiki (the software that runs Wikipedia), and where it gets developed.
    •   Meta-Wiki – central site to coordinate all Wikimedia projects.
    •   Wikibooks – Wiki hosted by the Wikimedia Foundation for the creation of free content textbooks and annotated texts that anyone can edit.
    •   Wikidata – free and open knowledge base that can be read and edited by both humans and machines.
    •   Wikinews – free-content news source wiki and a project of the Wikimedia Foundation that works through collaborative journalism.
    •   Wikiquote – freely available collection of quotations from prominent people, books, films and proverbs, with appropriate attributions.
    •   Wikisource – online digital library of free content textual sources on a wiki, operated by the Wikimedia Foundation.
    •   Wikispecies – wiki-based online project supported by the Wikimedia Foundation. Its aim is to create a comprehensive free content catalogue of all species and is directed at scientists, rather than at the general public.
    •   Wikiversity – Wikimedia Foundation project which supports learning communities, their learning materials, and resulting activities.
    •   Wikivoyage – free web-based travel guide for travel destinations and travel topics written by volunteer authors.
    •   Wiktionary – multilingual, web-based project to create a free content dictionary, available in 158 languages, run by the Wikimedia Foundation.

    Wikipedias by language

    More...

    See also

    References

    1. ^ "Wikipedia's Jimmy Wales Speaks Out On China And Internet Freedom". Huffington Post. Retrieved 2011-09-24. Currently Wikipedia, Facebook and Twitter remain blocked in China
    2. ^ "'Technology can topple tyrants': Jimmy Wales an eternal optimist". Sydney Morning Herald. 7 November 2011.
    3. ^ . Archived from the original on 2007-08-03. Glossary of Library Terms. Riverside City College, Digital Library/Learning Resource Center. Retrieved on: November 17.2007.
    4. ^ a b Hartmann, R. R. K.; James, Gregory; Gregory James (1998). Dictionary of Lexicography. Routledge. p. 48. ISBN 978-0-415-14143-7. Retrieved July 27, 2010.
    5. ^ . Oxford English Dictionary. Dictionary.oed.com. Archived from the original on 2008-05-10.(subscription required)
    6. ^ "wiki", Encyclopædia Britannica, vol. 1, London: Encyclopædia Britannica.Inc., 2007, retrieved 2008-04-10
    7. ^ Mitchell, Scott (July 2008), Easy Wiki Hosting, Scott Hanselman's blog, and Snagging Screens, MSDN Magazine
    8. ^ "List of Wikipedias". {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help)
    9. ^ Gumpert, David E. (5 September 2007). "A Case Study in Online Promotion". BusinessWeek.
    10. ^ a b Wikipedia contributors (18 October 2011). "Wikipedia: Notability". Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia. {{cite encyclopedia}}: |author= has generic name (help)
    11. ^ Tabb, Kathryn. "Authority and Authorship in a 21st-Century Encyclopaedia and a 'Very Mysterious Foundation'" (PDF). ESharp (12: Technology and Humanity). ISSN 1742-4542.
    12. ^ "history flow: results". IBM Collaborative User Experience Research Group. 2003.
    13. ^ Viégas, Fernanda B.; Wattenberg, Martin; Dave, Kushal (2004). Studying Cooperation and Conflict between Authors with history flow Visualizations (PDF). Proceedings of the SIGCHI conference on Human factors in computing systems. Vienna. pp. 575–582. ISBN 978-1-58113-702-6.
    14. ^ Wikipedia Adopts MariaDB. Wikimedia Foundation. 22 April 2013.
    15. ^ "Wikipedia Adopts MariaDB — Wikimedia blog" (text/html). blog.wikimedia.org. Wikimedia Foundation, Inc. 2013-04-22. Retrieved 2014-07-20.
    16. ^ "Wikimedia configuration files".
    17. ^ Schiff, Stacy (2 December 2006). "Know-alls". The Age. Fairfax Digital Network.
    18. ^ Cohen, Noam (7 June 2009). "The Wars of Words on Wikipedia's Outskirts". The New York Times.
    19. ^ Weingarten, Gene (12 September 2010). . The Washington Post. Archived from the original on 2010-11-11.
    20. ^ "Interview With Nick Doody and Matt Kirshen". British Comedy Guide. Retrieved July 31, 2009.
    21. ^ . .net. 3 May 2007. Archived from the original on 1 December 2007.
    22. ^ . Uncyclopedia. Archived from the original (Wiki) on 2013-07-22. Retrieved 2008-04-20.
    23. ^ a b Eden, Terence (3 April 2011). "Introducing QRpedia".
    24. ^ Anon (19 August 2011). . The Children's Museum of Indianapolis. Archived from the original on 29 March 2012.
    25. ^ Johnson, L.; Adams, S. (2011). (PDF). NMC Horizon Report Regional Analyses. Austin, Texas: The New Media Consortium. ISBN 978-0-615-38209-8. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2011-10-05.
    26. ^ Mossberg, Walt (28 September 2011). "Encyclopædia Britannica Now Fits Into an App". Wall Street Journal. The article mentions WikiNodes, while discussing the Britannica app, noting that "This kind of visual array of related items isn’t a new idea. In fact, there is an iPad app called WikiNodes which does something similar for Wikipedia content."
    27. ^ Mann, Selena (14 January 2011), New tool used to evaluate Wikipedia, Canada: IT World
    28. ^ a b "Wikibu website" (in German).
    29. ^ Alavi, Bettina; Demantowsky, Marko; Paul, Gerhard, eds. (2010). Zeitgeschichte- Medien- Historische Bildung. p. 287. ISBN 978-3-89971-653-5.
    30. ^ Stöcker, Christian (31 August 2010). "Eine Weltmacht im Netz". Der Spiegel (in German).
    31. ^ Poe, Marshall (September 2006). "The Hive". The Atlantic.
    32. ^ a b Anderson, Nate (21 November 2007). "Larry Sanger says "tipping point" approaching for expert-guided Citizendium wiki". Ars Technica.
    33. ^ a b Jay, Paul (19 April 2007). "I, editor — The Wikipedia experiment". CBC News.
    34. ^ Stuckman, Jeff; Purtilo, James (2009). "Measuring the wikisphere". Proceedings of the 5th International Symposium on Wikis and Open Collaboration: 1. doi:10.1145/1641309.1641326. ISBN 978-1-60558-730-1. S2CID 17770818.
    35. ^ phoebe and HaeB (7 June 2010). ""Pending changes" trial to start on June 14". Wikipedia Signpost.
    36. ^ "Wikipedia:Pending changes/Request for Comment February 2011". Wikimedia Foundation. 10 June 2011.
    37. ^ Doctoroff, Ariel (22 June 2010). "Want To Waste An Hour (Or Three)? Go On A Wikirace". Huffington Post.
    38. ^ Read, Brock (28 May 2008). "6 Degrees of Wikipedia". The Chronicle of Higher Education.
    39. ^ Sarno, David (30 September 2007). "Wikipedia wars erupt". Los Angeles Times.
    40. ^ Rossmeier, Vincent (24 March 2009). "Are we dangerously dependent on Wikipedia?". Salon.com.
    41. ^ Mengisen, Annika (16 June 2009). "By a Bunch of Nobodies: A Q&A With the Author of The Wikipedia Revolution". Freakonomics Blog. The New York Times Company.
    42. ^ "The Amorality of Web 2.0". October 2005.
    43. ^ Schiff, Stacy (31 July 2006). "Know It All". The New Yorker.
    44. ^ "What Conservapedia Is Really About". The Atlantic. 20 November 2007.
    45. ^ Walker, Clarence Earl; Smithers, George (2009). The preacher and the politician: Jeremiah Wright, Barack Obama, and race in America. Charlottesville: University of Virginia Press. ISBN 9780813928869. Those who express this view are on the far right of American politics (Though they often describe themselves as defenders of "traditional" American Values). The Website Conservapedia for example...
    46. ^ Stecker, Frederick (2011), The Podium, the Pulpit, and the Republicans: How Presidential Candidates Use Religious Language in American Political Debate, ABC-CLIO
    47. ^ Coyle, Jake (10 May 2007). . Archived from the original on 13 June 2011.
    48. ^ . Eagle Forum University. Archived from the original on 2014-10-06. Retrieved 2008-05-14.
    49. ^ Lih, Andrew (17 March 2009). The Wikipedia Revolution: How a Bunch of Nobodies Created the World's Greatest Encyclopedia. Cambridge, UK: Hyperion. pp. 170–171. ISBN 978-1-4001-1076-6. What were some ways to troll and cause trouble? Create an article about something extremely controversial and offensive, but otherwise adhere to every rule of Wikipedia and use the system against itself. This was the case with creating an article that had an intentionally offensive name, the Gay Niggers Association of America. GNAA was a name that caused immediate alarm in anyone with a semblance of good taste. It was a phenomenon for many years in the online tech communities, as legions of trolls attempted to have an article in Wikipedia about the mischievous group. It's not clear a defined group ever existed as GNAA. Supposed GNAA "members" were simply troublemakers online who unified under a common moniker in an effort to disrupt Wikipedia for amusement.

    External links

    • Wikipedia – multilingual portal (contains links to all language editions of the project)
    • Wikipedia mobile phone portal 2005-01-31 at the Wayback Machine
    • Wikipedia at Curlie
    • Outline of Wikipedia collected news and commentary at The Guardian
    • Wikipedia topic page at The New York Times

    January 13, 2023
    outline, wikipedia, this, page, outline, wikipedia, coverage, itself, outline, coverage, wikipedia, wikipedia, contents, outlines, wikipedia, free, based, collaborative, multilingual, encyclopedia, website, project, supported, profit, wikimedia, foundation, mo. This page is an outline of Wikipedia s coverage of itself For an outline of all coverage on Wikipedia see Wikipedia Contents Outlines Wikipedia is a free web based collaborative and multilingual encyclopedia website and project supported by the non profit Wikimedia Foundation It has more than 48 million articles over 6 6 million in English written collaboratively by volunteers around the world Almost all of its articles can be edited by anyone with access to the site 1 and it has about 100 000 regularly active contributors 2 The Wikipedia logo Contents 1 What type of thing is Wikipedia 2 Implementation of Wikipedia 2 1 Wikipedia community 3 Viewing Wikipedia off line 4 Diffusion of Wikipedia 4 1 Websites that use Wikipedia 4 1 1 Websites that mirror Wikipedia 4 1 2 Wikipedia derived encyclopedias 4 1 3 Parodies of Wikipedia 4 2 Wikipedia related media 4 2 1 Books about Wikipedia 4 2 2 Films about Wikipedia 4 3 Third party software related to Wikipedia 4 3 1 Mobile apps 4 3 2 Reliability analysis programs 5 General Wikipedia concepts 6 Politics of Wikipedia 7 History of Wikipedia 7 1 Wikipedia inspired projects 8 Wikipedia in culture 9 People in relation to Wikipedia 9 1 Critics of Wikipedia 10 Wikipedia Foundations and Organizations 11 Wikipedia related projects 11 1 Wikipedia s sister projects 12 Wikipedias by language 13 See also 14 References 15 External linksWhat type of thing is Wikipedia Edit Main page of Wikipedia Reference work compendium of information usually of a specific type compiled in a book for ease of reference That is the information is intended to be quickly found when needed Reference works are usually referred to for particular pieces of information rather than read beginning to end The writing style used in these works is informative the authors avoid use of the first person and emphasize facts Encyclopedia type of reference work or compendium holding a comprehensive summary of information from either all branches of knowledge or a particular branch of knowledge 3 Encyclopedias are divided into articles or entries which are usually accessed alphabetically by article name 4 Encyclopedia entries are longer and more detailed than those in most dictionaries 4 Internet encyclopedia project online encyclopedia large database of useful information accessible via the World Wide Web Database organized collection of data The data is typically organized to model aspects of reality in a way that supports processes requiring information For example modelling the availability of rooms in hotels in a way that supports finding a hotel with vacancies Online database database accessible from a network including from the Internet such as on a web page Website collection of related web pages containing images videos or other digital assets A website is hosted on at least one web server accessible via a network such as the Internet or a private local area network through an Internet address known as a Uniform Resource Locator All publicly accessible websites collectively constitute the World Wide Web Wiki website that allows the creation and editing of any number of interlinked web pages via a web browser using a simplified markup language or a WYSIWYG text editor 5 6 7 Wikis are typically powered by wiki software and are often developed and used collaboratively by multiple users Examples include community websites corporate intranets knowledge management systems and note services The software can also be used for personal notetaking Community group of interacting people with social cohesion who may share common values Community of action community in which participants endeavor collaboratively to bring about change Community of interest community of people who share a common interest or passion These people exchange ideas and thoughts about the given passion but may know or care little about each other outside of this area The common interest on Wikipedia is knowledge Community of purpose community that serves a functional need smoothing the path of the member for a limited period surrounding a given activity For example researching a topic on Wikipedia org buying a car on autobytel com or antique collectors on icollector com or individual Virtual community social network of individuals who interact through specific media potentially crossing geographical and political boundaries in order to pursue mutual interests or goals Online community virtual community that exists online and whose members enable its existence through taking part in membership ritual An online community can take the form of an information system where anyone can post content such as a Bulletin board system or one where only a restricted number of people can initiate posts such as Weblogs Wiki community users especially the editors of a particular wiki Collective memory shared pool of information held in the memories of two or more members of a group Implementation of Wikipedia EditStructure of Wikipedia List of Wikipedias Wikipedia is implemented in many languages As of April 2018 there were 304 Wikipedias of which 294 are active 8 Logo of Wikipedia unfinished globe constructed from jigsaw pieces some pieces are still missing at the top inscribed with glyphs from many different writing systems Articles written works published in a print or electronic medium Each Wikipedia is divided into many articles with each article focusing on a particular topic Types of articles on Wikipedia Prose articles Lists Item lists Article indexes on the English Wikipedia Outlines on the English Wikipedia Content management on Wikipedia processes for the collection managing and publishing of information on Wikipedia Deletionism and inclusionism in Wikipedia opposing philosophies of editors of Wikipedia concerning the appropriate scope of the encyclopedia and the appropriate point for a topic to be included as an encyclopedia article or be deleted 9 Notability in English Wikipedia metric used to determine topics meriting a dedicated encyclopedia article 10 It attempts to assess whether a topic has gained sufficiently significant attention by the world at large and over a period of time 10 as evidenced by significant coverage in reliable secondary sources that are independent of the topic 11 Reliability of Wikipedia Wikipedia is open to anonymous and collaborative editing so assessments of its reliability usually include examinations of how quickly false or misleading information is removed An early study conducted by IBM researchers in 2003 two years following Wikipedia s establishment found that vandalism is usually repaired extremely quickly so quickly that most users will never see its effects 12 and concluded that Wikipedia had surprisingly effective self healing capabilities 13 Vandalism on Wikipedia the act of editing the project in a malicious manner that is intentionally disruptive Vandalism includes the addition removal or other modification of the text or other material that is either humorous nonsensical a hoax spam or promotion of a subject or that is of an offensive humiliating or otherwise degrading in nature There are various measures taken by Wikipedia to prevent or reduce the amount of vandalism Wiki magic described by Jimmy Wales as a phenomenon whereby an author may write the beginnings of an article at the end of the day only to wake up in the morning and find the stub converted into a much more substantial article Computer technology that makes Wikipedia work Servers installed in Ashburn Virginia US Hardware Computers general purpose devices that can be programmed to carry out sets of arithmetic or logical operations automatically A computer that is used to host server software is called a server It takes many servers to make Wikipedia available to the world These servers are run by the WikiMedia Foundation 14 Software Wikipedia is powered by the following software on WikiMedia Foundation s computers servers It takes all of these to make Wikipedia pages available on the World Wide Web Operating systems used on WikiMedia Foundation s servers Ubuntu Server used on all Wikipedia servers except those used for image file storage Solaris used on Wikipedia s image file storage servers MediaWiki main web application that makes Wikipedia work It s a free web based wiki software application developed by the Wikimedia Foundation WMF written in PHP that is used to run all of WMF s projects including Wikipedia Numerous other wikis around the world also use it Content storage Wikipedia s content it s articles and other pages are stored in MariaDB databases 15 WikiMedia Foundation s wikis are grouped into clusters and each cluster is served by several MariaDB servers in a single master configuration Distributed object storage distributed objects are software modules that are designed to work together but reside either in multiple computers connected via a network One object sends a message to another object in a remote machine to perform some task Ceph Swift Proxy servers act as an intermediary for requests from clients seeking resources from other servers A client connects to the proxy server requesting some service such as a file connection web page or other resource available from a different server and the proxy server evaluates the request as a way to simplify and control its complexity Proxies were invented to add structure and encapsulation to distributed systems Today most proxies are web proxies facilitating access to content on the World Wide Web The proxy servers used for Wikipedia are For serving up HTML pages Squid and Varnish caching proxy servers in front of Apache HTTP Server Apache processes requests via HTTP the basic network protocol used to distribute information on the World Wide Web For serving up image files Squid and Varnish caching proxy servers in front of Sun Java System Web Server DNS proxies WikiMedia Foundation s DNS proxy servers run PowerDNS It s a DNS server program that runs under Unix including Ubuntu DNS stands for domain name system Load balancing Linux Virtual Server LVS Wikipedia uses LVS on commodity servers to load balance incoming requests LVS is also used as an internal load balancer to distribute MediaWiki and Lucene back end requests PyBal Wikimedia Foundation s own system for back end monitoring and failover Caching Memcached Wikipedia uses Memcached for caching of database query and computation results For full text search Wikipedia uses Lucene with extensive customization contributed by Robert Stojnic Wikimedia configuration files 16 Setting up Wikipedia on a home computer Downloading Wikipedia s database all article text Installing MediaWiki the software that runs Wikipedia Wikipedia community Edit Community of Wikipedia loosely knit network of volunteers sometimes known as Wikipedians who make contributions to the online encyclopedia Wikipedia A hierarchy exists whereby certain editors are elected to be given greater editorial control by other community members Volunteering altruistic activity intended to promote good or improve human quality of life but people also volunteer for their own skill development to meet others to make contacts for possible employment to have fun and a variety of other reasons that could be considered self serving Volunteerism is the act of selflessly giving your life to something you believe free of pay Wikipedia is written entirely by volunteers Virtual volunteering working on a task on line off site from the organization being assisted without the requirement or expectation of being paid using a computer or other Internet connected device Wikipedia is developed on line by contributors using their web browsers Micro volunteering tasks done by a volunteer or a team of volunteers without payment either online or offline in small increments of time Motivations of Wikipedia contributors article includes various studies about the motivations of Wikipedia contributors Arbitration Committee ArbCom panel of editors elected by the Wikipedia community that imposes binding rulings with regard to disputes between editors of the online encyclopedia 17 It acts as the court of last resort for disputes among editors 18 The Signpost on line community written and community edited newspaper covering stories events and reports related to Wikipedia and the Wikimedia Foundation sister projects Viewing Wikipedia off line EditKiwix free and open source offline web browser created by Emmanuel Engelhart and Renaud Gaudin in 2007 It was first launched to allow offline access to Wikipedia but has since expanded to include other projects from the Wikimedia foundation as well as public domain texts from the Project Gutenberg XOWA open source application written primarily in Java by anonymous developers intended for users who wish to run their own copy of Wikipedia or any other compatible Wiki offline without an internet connection XOWA is compatible with Microsoft Windows OSX Linux and Android Diffusion of Wikipedia EditDiffusion process by which a new idea or new product is accepted by the market The rate of diffusion is the speed that the new idea spreads from one consumer to the next In economics it is more often named technological change Diffusion of innovations process by which an innovation is communicated through certain channels over time among the members of a social system List of Wikipedias Wikipedia has spread around the world being made available to people in their native tongues As of April 2018 there were 299 Wikipedias Websites that use Wikipedia Edit Books LLC publishes print on demand paperback and downloadable compilations of English texts and documents from open knowledge sources such as Wikipedia 19 DBpedia Koru search engine Wikipediavision Websites that mirror Wikipedia Edit Answers com Bing Facebook Reference com TheFreeDictionary com Wapedia Wikipedia derived encyclopedias Edit Books LLC VDM Publishing Veropedia WikiPilipinas WikiPock WikiReader Parodies of Wikipedia Edit Bigipedia a comedy series broadcast by BBC Radio 4 in July 2009 which was set on a website which was a parody of Wikipedia Some of the sketches were directly inspired by Wikipedia and its articles 20 Encyclopedia Dramatica La Frikipedia Stupidedia Uncyclopedia satirical website that parodies Wikipedia Founded in 2005 21 as an originally English language wiki the project currently spans over 75 languages The English version has over 30 000 pages of content second only to the Brazilian Portuguese 22 Wikipedia related media Edit Wikipedia Signpost on line community written and community edited newspaper covering stories events and reports related to Wikipedia and the Wikimedia Foundation sister projects Books about Wikipedia Edit Main article List of books about Wikipedia Common Knowledge An Ethnography of Wikipedia The Cult of the Amateur Good Faith Collaboration How Wikipedia Works La revolution Wikipedia Wikipedia A New Community of Practice The Wikipedia Revolution How a Bunch of Nobodies Created the World s Greatest Encyclopedia Wikipedia The Missing Manual The World and Wikipedia How We are Editing Reality Films about Wikipedia Edit List of films about WikipediaThird party software related to Wikipedia Edit DBpedia from DB for database database built from the structured content of Wikipedia including infoboxes etc It is made available for free on the World Wide Web DBpedia allows users to semantically query relationships and properties associated with Wikipedia resources including links to other related datasets Kiwix free program used to view Wikipedia offline no Internet connection This is done by reading the content of the project stored in a file of the ZIM format which contains the compressed contents of Wikipedia Kiwix is designed for computers without Internet access and in particular computers in schools in the Third World where Internet service is scant WikiTaxonomy hierarchy of classes and instances an ontology automatically generated from Wikipedia s category system YAGO Yet Another Great Ontology knowledge base developed at the Max Planck Institute for Computer Science in Saarbrucken It is automatically extracted from Wikipedia and other sources It includes knowledge about more than 10 million entities and contains more than 120 million facts about these entities Mobile apps Edit Main article List of Wikipedia mobile applications QRpedia mobile Web based system which uses QR codes to deliver Wikipedia articles to users in their preferred language 23 24 25 The QRpedia server uses Wikipedia s API 23 to determine whether there is a version of the specified Wikipedia article in the language used by the device and if so returns it in a mobile friendly format If there is no version of the article available in the preferred language then the QRpedia server performs a search for the article title on the relevant language s Wikipedia and returns the results WikiNodes app for the Apple iPad for browsing Wikipedia using a radial tree approach to visualize how articles and subsections of articles are interrelated It is a visual array of related items articles or sections of an article which spread on the screen as a spiderweb of icons 26 Reliability analysis programs Edit Wiki Watch free page analysis tool that automatically assesses the reliability of Wikipedia articles in English and German It produces a five level evaluation score corresponding to its assessment of reliability 27 Wikibu assesses the reliability of German Wikipedia articles 28 29 It was originally designed for use in schools to improve information literacy 28 WikiTrust assesses the credibility of content and author reputation of wiki articles using an automated algorithm WikiTrust is a plug in for servers using the MediaWiki platform such as Wikipedia General Wikipedia concepts EditWikipedia iOS apps Henryk Batuta hoax hoax perpetrated on the Polish Wikipedia in the form of an article about Henryk Batuta born Izaak Apfelbaum a fictional socialist revolutionary and Polish Communist The fake biography said Batuta was born in Odessa in 1898 and participated in the Russian Civil War The article was created on November 8 2004 and exposed as a hoax 15 months later when on February 1 2006 it was listed for deletion Bomis former dot com company founded in 1996 by Jimmy Wales and Tim Shell Its primary business was the sale of advertising on the Bomis com search portal and to provide support for the free encyclopedia projects Nupedia and Wikipedia 30 Conflict of interest editing on Wikipedia Crnogorska Enciklopedija Deletionpedia Democratization of knowledge Enciclopedia Libre Universal en Espanol Essjay controversy Gene Wiki Peter Gervai Good Faith Collaboration Internet Watch Foundation and Wikipedia Interpedia an early proposal for a collaborative Internet encyclopedia Rick Jelliffe Kidnapping of David Rohde Alan Mcilwraith National Portrait Gallery and Wikimedia Foundation copyright dispute Network effect Nupedia Wikipedia Nupedia and Wikipedia Edward Owens hoax Simon Pulsifer QRpedia multilingual mobile interface to Wikipedia La revolution Wikipedia WikiScanner Speakapedia The Truth According to Wikipedia Truth in Numbers Universal Edit Button US Congressional staff edits to Wikipedia User generated content Wolfgang Werle and Manfred Lauber Wiki Wikidumper org Wikipedia biography controversy Wikipedia CD Selection Wikipedia Review Wikipedia in culturePolitics of Wikipedia EditCensorship of Wikipedia Church of Scientology editing on Wikipedia Corporate Representatives for Ethical Wikipedia Engagement Wikipedia for World Heritage effort underway to get Wikipedia listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site History of Wikipedia EditHistory of Wikipedia Wikipedia was formally launched on 15 January 2001 by Jimmy Wales and Larry Sanger using the concept and technology of a wiki pioneered by Ward Cunningham Initially Wikipedia was created to complement Nupedia an online encyclopedia project edited solely by experts by providing additional draft articles and ideas for it Wikipedia quickly overtook Nupedia becoming a global project in multiple languages and inspiring a wide range of additional reference projects Nupedia the predecessor of Wikipedia Nupedia was an English language Web based encyclopedia that lasted from March 2000 31 until September 2003 Its articles were written by experts and licensed as free content It was founded by Jimmy Wales and underwritten by Bomis with Larry Sanger as editor in chief Wayback Machine digital time capsule created by the Internet Archive non profit organization based in San Francisco California The service enables users to see archived versions of web pages including Wikipedia across time which the Archive calls a three dimensional index Internet Archive bought the domain waybackmachine org for their own site It is currently in its beta test Wikipedia on the Wayback Machine Founders of Wikipedia Larry Sanger chief organizer 2001 2002 of Wikipedia He moved on and founded Citizendium 32 33 Jimmy Wales historically cited as a co founder of Wikipedia though he has disputed the co designation declaring himself the sole founder Wales serves on the board of trustees of the Wikimedia Foundation the non profit charitable organization he helped establish to operate Wikipedia holding its board appointed community founder seat Academic studies about Wikipedia In recent years there have been numerous academic studies about Wikipedia in peer reviewed publications This research can be grouped into two categories The first analyzed the production and reliability of the encyclopedia content while the second investigated social aspects such as usage and administration Such studies are greatly facilitated by the fact that Wikipedia s database can be downloaded without needing to ask the assistance of the site owner 34 Flagged Revisions software extension to the MediaWiki wiki software that allows moderation of edits to Wiki pages It was developed by the Wikimedia Foundation for use on Wikipedia and similar wikis hosted on its servers On June 14 2010 English Wikipedia began a 2 month trial of a similar feature known as pending changes 35 In May 2011 this feature was removed indefinitely from all articles after a discussion among English Wikipedia editors 36 Wikipedia inspired projects Edit Citizendium is a wiki for providing free knowledge where authors use their real verified names Conservapedia is an English language wiki encyclopedia project written from an American conservative point of view Infogalactic is intended to have less alleged politically progressive left wing or politically correct bias than Wikipedia and to allow articles or statements that would not be allowed on Wikipedia because of problems with Wikipedia s policies on reliable sources or due to alleged biases held by Wikipedia editors Knol was a Google project that aimed to include user written articles on a range of topics Scholarpedia is an English language online wiki based encyclopedia with features commonly associated with open access online academic journals which aims to have quality content Uncyclopedia is a satirical website that parodies Wikipedia Its logo a hollow puzzle potato parodies Wikipedia s globe puzzle logo and it styles itself the content free encyclopedia which is a parody of Wikipedia s slogan the free encyclopedia The project spans over 75 languages The English version has approximately 30 000 pages of content second only to the Portuguese Wikipedia in culture EditWikipedia in culture Wikiracing game using the online encyclopedia Wikipedia which focuses on traversing links from one page to another 37 The average number of links separating any two Wikipedia pages is 3 67 38 People in relation to Wikipedia EditLarry Sanger chief organizer 2001 2002 of Wikipedia He moved on and founded Citizendium 32 33 Jimmy Wales historically cited as a co founder of Wikipedia though he has disputed the co designation declaring himself the sole founder Wales serves on the board of trustees of the Wikimedia Foundation the non profit charitable organization he helped establish to operate Wikipedia holding its board appointed community founder seat citation needed Andrew Lih veteran Wikipedia contributor 39 and in 2009 published the book The Wikipedia Revolution How a Bunch of Nobodies Created the World s Greatest Encyclopedia Lih has been interviewed in a variety of publications including Salon com 40 and The New York Times Freakonomics blog 41 as an expert on Wikipedia Critics of Wikipedia Edit Murat Bardakci on Turkish television he declared that Wikipedia should be banned Nicholas G Carr in his 2005 blog essay titled The Amorality of Web 2 0 he criticized the quality of volunteer Web 2 0 information projects such as Wikipedia and the blogosphere and argued that they may have a net negative effect on society by displacing more expensive professional alternatives 42 Jorge Cauz president of Encyclopaedia Britannica Inc In July 2006 in an interview in The New Yorker he stated that Wikipedia would decline into a hulking mediocre mass of uneven unreliable and many times unreadable articles and that Wikipedia is to Britannica as American Idol is to the Juilliard School 43 Conservapedia 44 45 46 English language wiki project started in 2006 by homeschool teacher and attorney Andy Schlafly son of conservative activist Phyllis Schlafly 47 48 to counter what he called the liberal bias of Wikipedia Gay Nigger Association of America anti blogging Internet trolling organization On Wikipedia members of the group created a page about themselves while adhering to every rule of Wikipedia in order to use the system against itself 49 Aaron Klein Jaron Lanier Robert McHenry Patrick Nielsen Hayden Andrew Orlowski Robert L Park Jason Scott Sadofsky Larry Sanger Andrew Schlafly John Seigenthaler Lawrence Solomon Sam Vaknin Wikipedia Review Tom Wolfe Wikipedia Foundations and Organizations EditWikimedia Foundation the non profit based in San Francisco California USA which was established to own and manage the trademarks and the servers for Wikipedia and its sister projects Wikipedia related projects EditWikipedia s sister projects Edit Sister projects redirects here For another use see Geograph Britain and Ireland Sister projects Wikimedia projects Commons online repository of free use images sound and other media files hosted by the Wikimedia Foundation MediaWiki website home of MediaWiki the software that runs Wikipedia and where it gets developed Meta Wiki central site to coordinate all Wikimedia projects Wikibooks Wiki hosted by the Wikimedia Foundation for the creation of free content textbooks and annotated texts that anyone can edit Wikidata free and open knowledge base that can be read and edited by both humans and machines Wikinews free content news source wiki and a project of the Wikimedia Foundation that works through collaborative journalism Wikiquote freely available collection of quotations from prominent people books films and proverbs with appropriate attributions Wikisource online digital library of free content textual sources on a wiki operated by the Wikimedia Foundation Wikispecies wiki based online project supported by the Wikimedia Foundation Its aim is to create a comprehensive free content catalogue of all species and is directed at scientists rather than at the general public Wikiversity Wikimedia Foundation project which supports learning communities their learning materials and resulting activities Wikivoyage free web based travel guide for travel destinations and travel topics written by volunteer authors Wiktionary multilingual web based project to create a free content dictionary available in 158 languages run by the Wikimedia Foundation Wikipedias by language EditAfrikaans af Albanian sq Alemannic als Arabic ar Aragonese an Armenian hy Azeri az Bambara bm Basque eu Belarusian be x old Belarusian be Bengali bn Bosnian bs Bulgarian bg Cantonese zh yue Catalan ca Cebuano ceb Chechen ce Chinese zh Chuvash cv Croatian hr Czech cs Danish da Dutch Low Saxon nds nl Dutch nl Egyptian Arabic arz English en Esperanto eo Estonian et Finnish fi French fr Galician gl Georgian ka German de Greek el Haitian Creole ht Hebrew he Hindi hi Hungarian hu Indonesian id Irish ga Italian it Japanese ja Javanese jv Kannada kn Kazakh kk Korean ko Latin la Latvian lv Lithuanian lt Macedonian mk Malayalam ml Malay ms Marathi mr Minangkabau min Min Nan zh min nan Mongolian mn Neapolitan nap Nepal Bhasa new Nepalese ne Northern Sami se Norwegian Bokmal no Norwegian Nynorsk nn Occitan oc Oriya or Punjabi Eastern pa Persian fa Polish pl Portuguese pt Ripuarian ksh Romanian ro Russian ru Sanskrit sa Scots sco Serbian sr Serbo Croatian sh Silesian szl Simple English simple Slovak sk Slovene sl Spanish es Swahili sw Swedish sv Tagalog tl Tamil ta Telugu te Thai th Turkish tr Ukrainian uk Urdu ur Uzbek uz Vietnamese vi Voro fiu vro Waray Waray war Welsh cy Volapuk vo Wolof wo Yiddish yi Zulu zu More See also EditWikipedia Contents network of outlines of Wikipedia s content Outline of knowledge outline about knowledge and of the body of all human knowledge The Signpost on line community written and community edited newspaper covering stories events and reports related to Wikipedia and the Wikimedia Foundation sister projects Wikipedia Help List of wikis List of online encyclopedias Wikipedia Semapedia References Edit Wikipedia s Jimmy Wales Speaks Out On China And Internet Freedom Huffington Post Retrieved 2011 09 24 Currently Wikipedia Facebook and Twitter remain blocked in China Technology can topple tyrants Jimmy Wales an eternal optimist Sydney Morning Herald 7 November 2011 Encyclopedia Archived from the original on 2007 08 03 Glossary of Library Terms Riverside City College Digital Library Learning Resource Center Retrieved on November 17 2007 a b Hartmann R R K James Gregory Gregory James 1998 Dictionary of Lexicography Routledge p 48 ISBN 978 0 415 14143 7 Retrieved July 27 2010 Draft entry March 2007 Oxford English Dictionary Dictionary oed com Archived from the original on 2008 05 10 subscription required wiki Encyclopaedia Britannica vol 1 London Encyclopaedia Britannica Inc 2007 retrieved 2008 04 10 Mitchell Scott July 2008 Easy Wiki Hosting Scott Hanselman s blog and Snagging Screens MSDN Magazine List of Wikipedias a href Template Cite journal html title Template Cite journal cite journal a Cite journal requires journal help Gumpert David E 5 September 2007 A Case Study in Online Promotion BusinessWeek a b Wikipedia contributors 18 October 2011 Wikipedia Notability Wikipedia The Free Encyclopedia a href Template Cite encyclopedia html title Template Cite encyclopedia cite encyclopedia a author has generic name help Tabb Kathryn Authority and Authorship in a 21st Century Encyclopaedia and a Very Mysterious Foundation PDF ESharp 12 Technology and Humanity ISSN 1742 4542 history flow results IBM Collaborative User Experience Research Group 2003 Viegas Fernanda B Wattenberg Martin Dave Kushal 2004 Studying Cooperation and Conflict between Authors with history flow Visualizations PDF Proceedings of the SIGCHI conference on Human factors in computing systems Vienna pp 575 582 ISBN 978 1 58113 702 6 Wikipedia Adopts MariaDB Wikimedia Foundation 22 April 2013 Wikipedia Adopts MariaDB Wikimedia blog text html blog wikimedia org Wikimedia Foundation Inc 2013 04 22 Retrieved 2014 07 20 Wikimedia configuration files Schiff Stacy 2 December 2006 Know alls The Age Fairfax Digital Network Cohen Noam 7 June 2009 The Wars of Words on Wikipedia s Outskirts The New York Times Weingarten Gene 12 September 2010 The book on Gene It s less than you expect The Washington Post Archived from the original on 2010 11 11 Interview With Nick Doody and Matt Kirshen British Comedy Guide Retrieved July 31 2009 The brains behind Uncyclopedia net 3 May 2007 Archived from the original on 1 December 2007 Uncyclopedia Babel Uncyclopedia Archived from the original Wiki on 2013 07 22 Retrieved 2008 04 20 a b Eden Terence 3 April 2011 Introducing QRpedia Anon 19 August 2011 The Children s Museum of Indianapolis Creates New Learning Opportunities through Wikipedian in Residence The Children s Museum of Indianapolis Archived from the original on 29 March 2012 Johnson L Adams S 2011 The Technology Outlook for UK Tertiary Education 2011 201 PDF NMC Horizon Report Regional Analyses Austin Texas The New Media Consortium ISBN 978 0 615 38209 8 Archived from the original PDF on 2011 10 05 Mossberg Walt 28 September 2011 Encyclopaedia Britannica Now Fits Into an App Wall Street Journal The article mentions WikiNodes while discussing the Britannica app noting that This kind of visual array of related items isn t a new idea In fact there is an iPad app called WikiNodes which does something similar for Wikipedia content Mann Selena 14 January 2011 New tool used to evaluate Wikipedia Canada IT World a b Wikibu website in German Alavi Bettina Demantowsky Marko Paul Gerhard eds 2010 Zeitgeschichte Medien Historische Bildung p 287 ISBN 978 3 89971 653 5 Stocker Christian 31 August 2010 Eine Weltmacht im Netz Der Spiegel in German Poe Marshall September 2006 The Hive The Atlantic a b Anderson Nate 21 November 2007 Larry Sanger says tipping point approaching for expert guided Citizendium wiki Ars Technica a b Jay Paul 19 April 2007 I editor The Wikipedia experiment CBC News Stuckman Jeff Purtilo James 2009 Measuring the wikisphere Proceedings of the 5th International Symposium on Wikis and Open Collaboration 1 doi 10 1145 1641309 1641326 ISBN 978 1 60558 730 1 S2CID 17770818 phoebe and HaeB 7 June 2010 Pending changes trial to start on June 14 Wikipedia Signpost Wikipedia Pending changes Request for Comment February 2011 Wikimedia Foundation 10 June 2011 Doctoroff Ariel 22 June 2010 Want To Waste An Hour Or Three Go On A Wikirace Huffington Post Read Brock 28 May 2008 6 Degrees of Wikipedia The Chronicle of Higher Education Sarno David 30 September 2007 Wikipedia wars erupt Los Angeles Times Rossmeier Vincent 24 March 2009 Are we dangerously dependent on Wikipedia Salon com Mengisen Annika 16 June 2009 By a Bunch of Nobodies A Q amp A With the Author of The Wikipedia Revolution Freakonomics Blog The New York Times Company The Amorality of Web 2 0 October 2005 Schiff Stacy 31 July 2006 Know It All The New Yorker What Conservapedia Is Really About The Atlantic 20 November 2007 Walker Clarence Earl Smithers George 2009 The preacher and the politician Jeremiah Wright Barack Obama and race in America Charlottesville University of Virginia Press ISBN 9780813928869 Those who express this view are on the far right of American politics Though they often describe themselves as defenders of traditional American Values The Website Conservapedia for example Stecker Frederick 2011 The Podium the Pulpit and the Republicans How Presidential Candidates Use Religious Language in American Political Debate ABC CLIO Coyle Jake 10 May 2007 Conservapedia QubeTV mimic popular sites with spin to right Archived from the original on 13 June 2011 Andy Schlafly Eagle Forum University Archived from the original on 2014 10 06 Retrieved 2008 05 14 Lih Andrew 17 March 2009 The Wikipedia Revolution How a Bunch of Nobodies Created the World s Greatest Encyclopedia Cambridge UK Hyperion pp 170 171 ISBN 978 1 4001 1076 6 What were some ways to troll and cause trouble Create an article about something extremely controversial and offensive but otherwise adhere to every rule of Wikipedia and use the system against itself This was the case with creating an article that had an intentionally offensive name the Gay Niggers Association of America GNAA was a name that caused immediate alarm in anyone with a semblance of good taste It was a phenomenon for many years in the online tech communities as legions of trolls attempted to have an article in Wikipedia about the mischievous group It s not clear a defined group ever existed as GNAA Supposed GNAA members were simply troublemakers online who unified under a common moniker in an effort to disrupt Wikipedia for amusement External links EditWikipedia at Wikipedia s sister projects Definitions from Wiktionary Media from Commons News from Wikinews Quotations from Wikiquote Texts from Wikisource Textbooks from Wikibooks Resources from Wikiversity Wikipedia multilingual portal contains links to all language editions of the project Wikipedia mobile phone portal Archived 2005 01 31 at the Wayback Machine Wikipedia at Curlie Outline of Wikipedia collected news and commentary at The Guardian Wikipedia topic page at The New York Times Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Outline of Wikipedia amp oldid 1127610951, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

    article

    , read, download, free, free download, mp3, video, mp4, 3gp, jpg, jpeg, gif, png, picture, music, song, movie, book, game, games.