Mahajani is a Laṇḍā mercantile script that was historically used in northern India for writing accounts and financial records in Marwari, Hindi and Punjabi.[1] It is a Brahmic script and is written left-to-right. Mahajani refers to the Hindi word for 'bankers', also known as 'sarrafi' or 'kothival' (merchant).
Mahajani has been used as a primary accounting script for Marwari traders and for the use of Hindi and Punjabi in a wide region across northwest India and eastern Pakistan. It was taught in merchant schools as part of the education system. A vast majority of documents in which it is found are financial documents, in addition to primers. Its use has been reported by bookkeepers in Haryana as the Langdi script, although its relationship with Langdi is uncertain. Mahajani descended from Landa scripts in the greater Punjab region in historic times and was well known as a merchant's script throughout north India. It may have also been influenced by Kaithi and Devanagari.[1]
Charactersedit
It has fewer vowels than most North Indian scripts, and the use of them is optional. The vowels i and u can represent both their short and long forms in addition to diphthongs and related vowels. Since vowels are optional, they must be interpreted in context for most Mahajani texts. There are no special conjunct consonant forms, and there are no viramas to indicate them. Nasalization, if indicated, is typically represented by 'na'. It also has various fraction marks, accounting marks, and textual organization marks, to indicate paragraph and word spacing, and abbreviation, punctuation, and space marks. As many Mahajani texts are accounting books, accounting symbols have been found, but they are undergoing further research for proper encoding. It also uses a Devanagari-like baseline only to mark title headings on texts, not like in Devanagari where the baseline is an integral part of the characters. Some characters also have glyphic variants, which can be found in greater detail in the Unicode proposal.
^ abPandey, Anshuman (2011-07-12). "N4126: Proposal to Encode the Mahajani Script in ISO/IEC 10646" (PDF). Working Group Document, ISO/IEC JTC1/SC2/WG2.
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mahajani, this, article, needs, additional, citations, verification, please, help, improve, this, article, adding, citations, reliable, sources, unsourced, material, challenged, removed, find, sources, news, newspapers, books, scholar, jstor, january, 2016, le. This article needs additional citations for verification Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources Unsourced material may be challenged and removed Find sources Mahajani news newspapers books scholar JSTOR January 2016 Learn how and when to remove this template message Mahajani is a Laṇḍa mercantile script that was historically used in northern India for writing accounts and financial records in Marwari Hindi and Punjabi 1 It is a Brahmic script and is written left to right Mahajani refers to the Hindi word for bankers also known as sarrafi or kothival merchant Mahajani𑅬𑅱𑅐𑅛𑅧𑅑 Script typeAbugidaDirectionLeft to right RegionIndia PakistanLanguagesHindi Punjabi and MarwariRelated scriptsParent systemsProto Sinaitic alphabet a Phoenician alphabet a Aramaic alphabet a BrahmiGuptaSaradaLandaMahajaniSister systemsGurmukhi Khudabadi Khojki MultaniISO 15924ISO 15924Mahj 314 MahajaniUnicodeUnicode aliasMahajaniUnicode rangeU 11150 U 1117FFinal Accepted Script Proposal a The Semitic origin of the Brahmic scripts is not universally agreed upon Contents 1 History 2 Characters 2 1 Vowels 2 2 Consonants 3 Unicode 4 ReferencesHistory editMahajani has been used as a primary accounting script for Marwari traders and for the use of Hindi and Punjabi in a wide region across northwest India and eastern Pakistan It was taught in merchant schools as part of the education system A vast majority of documents in which it is found are financial documents in addition to primers Its use has been reported by bookkeepers in Haryana as the Langdi script although its relationship with Langdi is uncertain Mahajani descended from Landa scripts in the greater Punjab region in historic times and was well known as a merchant s script throughout north India It may have also been influenced by Kaithi and Devanagari 1 Characters editIt has fewer vowels than most North Indian scripts and the use of them is optional The vowels i and u can represent both their short and long forms in addition to diphthongs and related vowels Since vowels are optional they must be interpreted in context for most Mahajani texts There are no special conjunct consonant forms and there are no viramas to indicate them Nasalization if indicated is typically represented by na It also has various fraction marks accounting marks and textual organization marks to indicate paragraph and word spacing and abbreviation punctuation and space marks As many Mahajani texts are accounting books accounting symbols have been found but they are undergoing further research for proper encoding It also uses a Devanagari like baseline only to mark title headings on texts not like in Devanagari where the baseline is an integral part of the characters Some characters also have glyphic variants which can be found in greater detail in the Unicode proposal nbsp Vowels edit Independent form IAST ISO IPA𑅐 a ɐ a ɑː 𑅑 i i i iː 𑅒 u u u uː 𑅓 e e eː ai ɑj 𑅔 o ō oː au ɑw Consonants edit Independent form IAST IPA𑅕 ka k 𑅖 kha kʰ 𑅗 ga ɡ 𑅘 gha ɡʱ 𑅙 ca tʃ 𑅚 cha tʃʰ 𑅛 ja dʒ 𑅜 jha dʒʱ 𑅝 na ɲ 𑅞 ṭa ʈ 𑅟 ṭha ʈʰ 𑅠 ḍa ɖ 𑅡 ḍha ɖʱ 𑅢 ṇa ɳ 𑅣 ta t 𑅤 tha t ʰ 𑅥 da d 𑅦 dha d ʱ 𑅧 na n 𑅨 pa p 𑅩 pha pʰ 𑅪 ba b 𑅫 bha bʱ 𑅬 ma m 𑅭 ra r 𑅮 la l 𑅯 va ʋ 𑅰 sa s 𑅱 ha ɦ Unicode editMain article Mahajani Unicode block Mahajani script was added to the Unicode Standard in June 2014 with the release of version 7 0 The Unicode block for Mahajani is U 11150 U 1117F Mahajani 1 2 Official Unicode Consortium code chart PDF 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 A B C D E FU 1115x 𑅐 𑅑 𑅒 𑅓 𑅔 𑅕 𑅖 𑅗 𑅘 𑅙 𑅚 𑅛 𑅜 𑅝 𑅞 𑅟 U 1116x 𑅠 𑅡 𑅢 𑅣 𑅤 𑅥 𑅦 𑅧 𑅨 𑅩 𑅪 𑅫 𑅬 𑅭 𑅮 𑅯 U 1117x 𑅰 𑅱 𑅲 𑅶 Notes 1 As of Unicode version 15 1 2 Grey areas indicate non assigned code pointsReferences edit a b Pandey Anshuman 2011 07 12 N4126 Proposal to Encode the Mahajani Script in ISO IEC 10646 PDF Working Group Document ISO IEC JTC1 SC2 WG2 nbsp This writing system related article is a stub You can help Wikipedia by expanding it vte Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Mahajani amp oldid 1197518778, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
