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List of disasters in Great Britain and Ireland by death toll

January 31, 2023

The following list of disasters in Great Britain and Ireland is a list of major disasters (excluding acts of war[a]) which relate to the United Kingdom or Ireland, or to the states that preceded them, or that involved their citizens, in a definable incident or accident such as a shipwreck, where the loss of life was forty or more.

Over 1000 fatalities

Deaths in
Italics indicate an
estimated figure
 Event Year Notes
3,500,000 Black Death pandemic 1347–1350 See discussion of death toll estimates at the death toll section
1,000,000[1] to 1,500,000 Great Irish Famine 1845–1849 See discussion of death toll estimates at the death toll section
300,000 to 480,000[2] Great Irish Famine of 1740–41 (The Great Frost) 1740–1741 Some estimates indicate a death toll as high as 500,000 from starvation and disease.[3][4]
250,000 1918 influenza pandemic 1918 (Sep–Nov) An estimated 200,000 people died in England and Wales.[5] Although the official number of deaths in Scotland due to the pandemic is 17,575, a modern estimate of total pandemic mortality in Scotland is between 27,641 and 33,771.[6] About 20,000 died in Ireland.[7]
217,262[8] (estimate for UK only) COVID-19 pandemic in the United Kingdom and COVID-19 pandemic in the Republic of Ireland Jan 2020-present The covid-19 pandemic caused a worldwide death toll of over 5.8 million people.
200,000+[9] 1557 influenza pandemic 1557–1561 From 1557 to 1559 the population contracted by 2%.
150,000+ Seven ill years 1695–99 The last major famine to occur in Scotland. Marked by large-scale migration, especially to Ireland
125,000[10] 1889–1890 flu pandemic 1889–1893 Influenza pandemic originating from St Petersburg, Russia.
100,000+ Sweating sickness (sudor anglicus) 1485 ff. Mysterious disease which killed tens of thousands of people in each of its five outbreaks before disappearing.[11]
80,000[12][13] Hong Kong flu pandemic 1968–1970 Influenza pandemic. Figure for UK deaths only.
78,319+ Third cholera pandemic 1848–1854 First cases in Edinburgh in October 1848. Major outbreaks across Britain, including the famous 1854 Broad Street cholera outbreak, where John Snow was able to identify contaminated water as being the source of the disease.[14] Estimate is for deaths in Great Britain only.
75,000+[15] Great Plague of London 1665–1666 The last major epidemic of the bubonic plague to occur in England.
65,000 Year Without a Summer 1816 Famine and typhoid fever in Ireland[16] and food riots in England and France, caused by the 1815 eruption of Mount Tambora affecting the weather.
60,000[17] 1847–48 influenza pandemic 1847–1848 Worldwide influenza outbreak.
52,627[18][b] 1870–1875 Europe smallpox epidemic 1870–1875 Mortality figure for England and Scotland only. The epidemic started during the Franco-Prussian War, and spread throughout Europe.
41,644+[19] 1837–1840 smallpox epidemic 1837–1840 Especially severe smallpox epidemic.
40,000 1603 London plague epidemic 1603 Bubonic plague epidemic in London.[20][21][22]
40,000[23] 1775–1776 England Influenza outbreak 1775–1776 Unusually deadly influenza epidemic.
35,417 1625 London plague epidemic 1625 Bubonic plague epidemic in London.[24]
33,000[12] Asian flu pandemic 1957–1958 Influenza pandemic which originated in Guizhou, China.
32,854 Second cholera pandemic 1831–1833 The disease arrived in Britain from Asia in October 1831. Major outbreaks in various cities. Cases tailed off after 1833.[14]
23,000[25][c] "Laki haze" 1783–1784 (Jun–Feb) Eruption of a volcano in Iceland sent a huge toxic gas cloud across Britain, killing thousands.[25]
20,100+ 1563 London plague 1563–1564 Bubonic plague epidemic in London.[26]
20,000 1235 famine 1235 London badly affected; many resort to eating tree bark for survival.[27]
19,900+ 1592–93 London plague 1592–1593 Bubonic plague epidemic in London.[28]
17,000+[29] 1257 Samalas eruption 1258 Crop failures and famines caused by the 1257 Samalas eruption in Indonesia affecting the weather; around 15,000 die in London.
15,785 to 16,447 HIV/AIDS pandemic 1979–present Approximately 12,105 had died in the UK by 1996.[30] Between 1997 and 2012, 2,450 died of AIDS-related illness in England and Wales.[31] Between 2013 and 2018, approximately 832–1,494 died because of HIV/AIDS in the UK.[32][33][34][35][36][37][d] About 398 died in Ireland by 2005.[38]
15,548+ Fourth cholera pandemic 1865–1873 Major outbreaks in 1865 and 1866. Smaller outbreaks in Scotland in 1873.[14]
12,000 Storegga Slide 6200 BC Massive submarine landslides off the coast of Norway cause a huge tsunami to hit the eastern coast of Britain, killing 12,000 prehistoric Britons. This was one quarter of the entire population at the time.[39]
8,000 Great Storm of 1703 1703 (26 November) Atlantic hurricane across southern England and the English Channel, deaths chiefly at sea, including 1083 in naval ships wrecked on Goodwin Sands[40]
7,600 Winter of 1894–95 1894–1895 (December–February) An 8-week period of severe cold weather with a weekly death rate of around 950.[41]
6,500+[42][43] 1729 Influenza epidemic 1729 (September–December) Influenza t with very high mortality rates.
5,000+[44] 1836–37 influenza pandemic 1836–1837 Influenza outbreak with high mortality rates.
5,000+ Great Famine (14th century) 1315–1317
4,000 to 12,000 Great Smog of London 1952 (December)
4,000 1911 United Kingdom heat wave 1911 (July–September) Newspapers ran "deaths from heat" columns.[45]
3,500+ 1782 Central Atlantic hurricane 1782 (16–17 Sep) Loss of HMS Ramillies, HMS Centaur; storeships Dutton and British Queen; captured French prize ships Ville de Paris, Glorieux, Hector and Caton; plus other merchantmen.
3,200+[46][47] The encephalitis lethargica pandemic of 1915–1926 1917–1924 Some victims were left in a statue-like condition, and many of those who survived never returned to their pre-existing "aliveness"; it is thought that the Spanish flu pandemic, which coincided with the encephalitis pandemic, contributed to the seriousness of the disease[48]
3,000+ Tainted blood scandal 1970s–1980s (deaths up to decades later)[49] Importing and use of blood products known to be contaminated with HIV, Hepatitis B, C & E. People continue to die up to the present time.[50]
3,000 1212 Great Fire of London 1212 (10 July) Source for fatalities is the Guinness Book of Records[51] but historical evidence unclear
3,000 1976 British Isles heat wave 1976 (23 June – 27 August) At the time the hottest summer in central England in 250 years[52]
2,323[53] 2006 European heat wave 2006 (26 June – 30 July)
2,234 [54] 2003 European heat wave 2003 (4–13 August)
2,200 1880 London coal smog 1880 [55]
2,000+ 1540–1541 great heat and drought, 1540 also known as the 'Big Sun Year' 1540–1541 Heat and drought caused freshwater from the Thames to shrink to such an unprecedented extent that seawater flowed on the tide past London Bridge, polluting the water supply. The resulting dysentery and cholera killed 'thousands'.[56]
2,000 Bristol Channel floods 1607 (30 January)[57]
1,900+ Christmas Eve storm 1811 (24 December) Wrecks HMS St George, Defence and Fancy off Thorsminde, Jutland; and HMS Hero and the transport Archimedes off Texel, Netherlands
1,550+ Scilly naval disaster 1707 (22 October) HMS Association, HMS Eagle, Romney and Firebrand
1,500+ Peasants' Revolt 1381 (30 May–November) Peasants protest against poll taxes, serfdom and the socio-economic tensions generated by the Black Death pandemic. Some march on London demanding reform, and after initial successes are brutally suppressed.[58][59]
1,500+ RMS Titanic 1912 (15 April) Estimates vary but most official sources and historians put the death toll at upwards of 1500.}}
1,200 Strait of Gibraltar storm 1694 (1 March)[57] Wrecks HMS Sussex and accompanying ships
1,198 RMS Lusitania 1915 (7 May) Struck by torpedo on starboard side. Sank in the Celtic Sea within 18 minutes
1,012 RMS Empress of Ireland 1914 (29 May) Canadian Pacific ship sank in Gulf of St. Lawrence, registered in UK with crew almost entirely from Merseyside
1,000+[60] Storm off Winterton Ness 1692 200 colliers wrecked off the Norfolk coast
1,000[61] 1956 London smog 1956 (December)
1,000 1867 San Narciso hurricane 1867 (29 October) Up to 50 UK vessels driven ashore on Saint Thomas, Danish West Indies, including RMS Rhone and RMS Wye (180 deaths between these)[62]
1,000 Great Hurricane of 1780 in the Caribbean 1780 (10 October) Royal Navy ships lost included HMS Stirling Castle, HMS Laurel, HMS Andromeda, HMS Thunderer and HMS Phoenix

200–999 fatalities

Deaths in
Italics indicate an
estimated figure
 Event Year Notes
908 2016 heat wave 2016 (September) Included the hottest September day in the UK since 1911[53]
900+ Plymouth Sound storm 1691 (3 September) Wrecks HMS Coronation[63] and HMS Harwich[64] killing 600 + 300 respectively
900 HMS Victory (1737) 1744 (3 October) Wrecked on the Casquets in the Channel Islands
892 2019 heat wave 2019 (July–August) Temperatures were as high as 38.7C in Cambridge, the highest temperature ever recorded in the UK at the time[65]
890+ Quebec Expedition disaster 1711 (22 August) Seven transport ships and one storeship wrecked in thick fog on the Saint Lawrence River, Canada
863[53] 2018 British Isles heat wave 2018 (22 June – 7 August)
843 HMS Vanguard explosion 1917 (9 July) Magazine explosion in Scapa Flow
800 HMS Royal George capsizes 1782 (29 August) At Spithead
780 1873 London smog 1873 (December) The first in a series of major smog build-ups in London[66][67]
779[68] 1892 London smog 1892 (December) Excess deaths from air pollution
778[53] 2017 heat wave 2017 (June)
748+ Royal Charter Storm 1859 (26 October) The Royal Charter and other ships wrecked in Lligwy Bay, Anglesey
738 HMS Bulwark explosion 1914 (26 November) Magazine explosion off Sheerness
700 to 800[69] 1948 London smog 1948 (26 November – 1 December) Excess deaths from air pollution
699 HMS Ramillies[70] 1760 (15 February) Ran aground off Bolt Head, Devon
690 HMS Queen Charlotte fire 1800 (17 March) Exploded in the Tuscan Archipelago
646 SS Mendi 1917 (21 February) Rammed by SS Darro off the Isle of Wight
640 Princess Alice disaster 1878 (3 September) Collision with the Bywell Castle in the River Thames near Woolwich (Estimates vary, but most historians put the death toll as between 600 and 700)
635 SS Norge shipwreck 1904 (28 June) Danish ship ran aground off Rockall
619 1995 Great Britain and Ireland heat wave 1995 (28 June – 22 August) The hottest August on record in England and Wales since 1659[71]
612 Tramore storm 1816 (30 January) Wrecks the ships Sea Horse,[72] Boadicea and Lord Melville[73]
600+ an unidentified troop ship 1796 (23 January) Shipwreck possibly one of Admiral Christian's West Indies convoy wrecked on Loe Bar, Cornwall[74]
564 SS Utopia disaster 1891 (17 March) British ship carrying (mostly) Italian migrants in collision with HMS Anson off Gibraltar[75]
546 SS Atlantic (1870) 1873 (1 April) White Star liner struck rocks off Nova Scotia
540 to 760[76] 2013 Great Britain and Ireland heat wave 2013 (July) Estimate for UK deaths only
531+ 1623–24 famine 1623–1624 East Lancashire badly affected;[77] said to be the last peace-time famine in England.
531[78] 1953 North Sea storm and flood 1953 (31 Jan – 1 Feb) Included the ferry MV Princess Victoria
520 HMS Namur 1749 (14 April) Wrecked in a storm near Fort St. David, India
500 HMS Minotaur 1810 (22 December) Wrecked on Haak Bank near Texel, Netherlands
500 "Black Monday" 1209 (Easter Monday) Massacre of English settlers by Irish clans, near Ranelagh, Dublin
491 HMS York 1804 (Jan) Struck the Inchcape rock and sank with the loss of her entire crew
481 HMS Captain 1870 (7 September) Sank off Cape Finisterre, Spain, due to design flaws
480 SS City of Glasgow 1854 (March) Disappeared after leaving Liverpool for Philadelphia
473 Cospatrick 1874 (18 November) Caught fire in the South Atlantic
464 HMS Courageux 1796 (18 December) Shipwrecked at Apes' Hill, Barbary Coast (now Monte Hacho, Ceuta, Africa)[79]
457[80] 2009 swine flu pandemic 2009–2010 Global influenza pandemic, the second involving the influenza A virus subtype H1N1 after the Spanish flu
454 Vryheid 1802 (23 November) Formerly Melville Castle, shipwrecked in a gale off the Kent coast between Hythe and Dymchurch; 18 of 472 on board survived
450 HMS Birkenhead 1852 (25 February) Shipwrecked near Cape Town
450 Royal Charter (ship) 1859 (26 October) Wrecked off Dulas Bay, Anglesey
439 Senghenydd colliery disaster 1913 (14 October) Gas explosion at the Universal Colliery, Senghenydd, Caerphilly, Glamorganshire, Britain's worst mining accident
431 HMS Otranto 1918 (6 October) Shipwrecked off Islay. 351 United States troops and 80 crew perished
424 Pomona 1859 (30 April) American ship carrying, mainly Irish, emigrants from Liverpool to New York, wrecked on a sandbank at Ballyconigar, off Wexford, Ireland
421 HMS Natal 1915 (30 December) Magazine explosion. Precise number of deaths disputed; 421 is highest estimate
400+ Sinking of Rochdale and Prince of Wales 1807 (20 November) Ships carrying troops leaving Dublin for the Napoleonic Wars
400+ HMS Invincible 1801 (16 March) Sank off Norfolk while en route to the Battle of Copenhagen
400 HMS Winchester 1695 (1 September) Shipwrecked on a reef off Key Largo, Florida
400 Cataraqui 1845 (4 August) Shipwrecked off King Island (Tasmania)
384 Annie Jane 1853 (28 September) Emigrant ship out of Liverpool, wrecked on Vatersay in the Outer Hebrides of Scotland
361 The Oaks explosion 1866 (12 December) Colliery disaster, Barnsley, Yorkshire (383 claimed but not verified)[81]
380 Mary Rose 1545 (18 July) Warship sank in action off Portsmouth
379 HMS Dasher (D37) 1943 (27 March) Aircraft carrier: accidental fuel explosion in Firth of Clyde
374 Driver 1856 (February) American clipper ship carrying migrants to the US out of Liverpool, disappeared while crossing the Atlantic Ocean
372 Arniston 1815 (30 May) Wrecked at Waenhuiskrans, South Africa
369[82] Queen 1814 (14 Jan) Wrecked in Carrick Roads, Cornwall
360+ Elizabeth 1810 (27 December) Chartered East Indiaman wrecked off Dunkirk
358 HMS Victoria 1893 (22 June) Rammed by HMS Camperdown in the Mediterranean Sea
352 HMS Princess Irene 1915 (27 May) Explosion while on the River Medway, Sheerness
349 HMS Sceptre 1799 (5 November) Wrecked during a storm in Table Bay, near the Cape of Good Hope[83]
347 HMS Athenienne 1806 (20 October) Wrecked off Tunisia; 100 survivors crammed into the ship's launch
344 Pretoria Pit Disaster 1910 (21 December) Underground explosion at the Hulton Bank Colliery, Westhoughton, Lancashire
340 Aeneas 1805 (23 October) Troopship wrecked on the Îles aux Mortes along the Canadian coastline while carrying troops to Quebec
338 HMS Curaçao 1942 (2 October) Light cruiser run down and cut in two by RMS Queen Mary north of Ireland
335 SS Schiller 1875 (7 May) German liner wrecked off the Isles of Scilly
329 Air India Flight 182 1985 (23 June) Act of terror: destroyed by a bomb, crashed into the Atlantic Ocean while in Irish airspace
317[84] HMS Eurydice 1878 (22 March) Sank off the Isle of Wight; commemorated by Gerard Manley Hopkins in the poem "The Loss of the Eurydice"
316+ Sybelle 1834 (11 September) Emigrant ship out of Cromarty wrecked off St. Paul Island (Nova Scotia)[85]
303[86] Kapunda 1887 (20 January) Emigrant ship out of London, collided with the barque Ada Melmore off Brazil
300 to 400[61] 1962 London smog 1962 (December)
300 White Ship 1120 (25 November) Shipwrecked off Barfleur, Normandy, taking the only legitimate son of King Henry I of England
300+ HMS Amphion 1796 (22 September) Magazine explosion while at Plymouth, Devon
300 HMS London 1665 (7 March) Accidental explosion while in the Thames Estuary
297 RMS Tayleur 1854 (21 January) Shipwrecked off Lambay Island, Dublin Bay during its maiden voyage after its iron hull deflected its compass
293 Northfleet 1873 (22 January) Rammed at night by a Spanish steamboat while anchored off Dungeness
290 Albion Colliery explosion 1894 (23 June) Firedamp explosion at Cilfynydd in South Wales[87][88]
285 Gordon Riots 1780 (2–13 June) Rioters shot by troops
281 HMS Atalanta 1880 (31 January) HMS Eurydice's sister ship, disappeared after leaving Bermuda bound for Falmouth, Cornwall
276 VOC Hollandia 1743 (13 June) Shipwrecked off Annet, Isles of Scilly
270 Great Sheffield Flood 1864 (11 March) Caused by collapse of Dale Dike Reservoir during its first filling
270[89] Pan Am Flight 103 1988 (21 December) Blown apart at 31,000 ft over Lockerbie, Scotland, by terrorist bomb in hold
268 Abercarn colliery disaster 1878 (11 September) Mining disaster at Abercarn, Monmouthshire[citation needed]
266 Gresford Disaster 1934 (22 September) Mining accident near Wrexham, North Wales
260 Earl of Abergavenny 1805 (5 February) East Indiaman shipwrecked off Portland Bill
253 HMS Saldanha 1811 (4 December) Shipwrecked during gale off Lough Swilly, Donegal, Ireland
250+ Night of the Big Wind 1839 (6–7 January) A severe windstorm sweeps across Ireland causing flooding and other damage
250+ RMS Royal Adelaide 1850 (30 March) Irish paddle steamer shipwrecked on Tongue Sands off Margate, Kent[90]
247 East Indiaman Doddington 1755 (17 July) Shipwrecked in Algoa Bay, South Africa
246 HMS Avenger 1847 (20 December) Wrecked off the Galite Islands, Tunisia
241 Exmouth 1847 (28 April) Shipwrecked off Islay[91]
240 HMS Lutine 1799 (9 October) Shipwrecked off Vlieland
238[92] MV Dara 1961 (8 April) British-India Steam Navigation Company passenger liner evacuated in the Persian Gulf off Dubai following explosion and fire
237 SS Anglo Saxon 1863 (27 April) Canadian ship wrecked in dense fog off Cape Race, Newfoundland, Canada on passage from Liverpool
228 HMS Tribune 1797 (16 November) Wrecked during a storm off Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
226 Quintinshill rail crash 1915 (22 May) Three-train collision in Dumfries and Galloway, Scotland, Britain's worst railway accident[93]
224 Neva 1835 (13 May) Convict ship out of Cork wrecked on reefs off King Island, Tasmania
220 SS London 1866 (11 January) Sank during gale in the Bay of Biscay[94]
220 Great Blizzard of 1891 1891 (9–13 March) Strong winds and snow across southern England lead to deaths on land and at sea[95]
220 Hartley Colliery disaster 1862 (16 January) Caused by steam engine metal fatigue, in Northumberland
215 Lady of the Lake 1833 (11 May) Struck iceberg in the North Atlantic and sank
212 Sovereign 1814 (18 October) Wrecked off St. Paul Island (Nova Scotia)
210 SS Rinaldo 1878 (18 December) Collision with French steamship Byzantin (which sustains most casualties) in the Dardanelles[62]
208 Harpooner 1816 (10 November) Military transport ship shipwrecked off Newfoundland
207 Blantyre mining disaster 1877 (22 October) Gas explosion in a Scottish colliery
205 SS Hungarian 1860 (20 February) A Canadian Allan Line Royal Mail Steamer out of Liverpool and Queenstown (Cobh) wrecked off Cape Sable Island (Nova Scotia)[96]
201 HMY Iolaire 1919 (1 January) Admiralty yacht returning soldiers to the Isle of Lewis after World War I sank off Holm near Stornoway in the Outer Hebrides[97]

100–199 fatalities

Deaths in
Italics indicate an
estimated figure
 Event Year Notes
193 MS Herald of Free Enterprise 1987 (6 March) Ferry capsized off Zeebrugge in under one minute after its RORO bow doors were left open. Unlawful killing verdict.
192 Transport ship Dispatch and Brig-of-War HMS Primrose 1809 (22 January) Both ships sank after hitting The Manacles.[98]
191 SS City of Boston (Inman Line) 1870 (after 28 January) Ship out of New York City and Halifax, Nova Scotia, bound for Liverpool disappeared in the Atlantic Ocean, possibly struck an iceberg
189 Lundhill Colliery explosion 1857 (19 February) Colliery disaster, Wombwell, Yorkshire.
189 Wood Pit Colliery explosion 1878 (7 June) Colliery disaster, Haydock, Lancashire. The total fatalities, which included one man and all of his five sons, may have been 204 or more.[99]
189 HMS Orpheus 1863 (7 February) Sank off Auckland due to outdated nautical charts and shortcuts.
189 Eyemouth Disaster 1881 (14 October) Local fishing fleet sank during a European windstorm that struck the southeast coast of Scotland. [1]
186 Exeter Theatre Royal fire 1887 (5 September) Fire at the Theatre Royal, Exetercaused by gas lights.
186 PS Pacific 1856 (after 23 January) American ship lost at sea out of Liverpool [sister ship of SS Arctic]
183 Victoria Hall disaster 1883 (16 June) Stampede at Sunderland after a children's Variety show to get prizes and gifts resulted in compressive asphyxia and trampling.
179 SS Cambria 1870 (19 October) Shipwrecked at Inishtrahull
178 United Kingdom BSE outbreak 1996–2001 Variant Creutzfeldt–Jakob disease outbreak in the UK. Known colloquially as "mad cow disease", victims contracted the disease through eating infected beef.[100][101]
178 First Ferndale Colliery disaster 1867 (8 November) Mining disaster in the Rhondda Valley, Glamorganshire, caused by gas accumulation and miners tampering with safety lamps
178 Ocean Monarch 1848 (24 August) Shipwreck and fire off Great Orme, Llandudno caused by steerage passengers' smoking materials
178 Clifton Hall Colliery explosion 1885 (18 June) Explosion of firedamp gas in a colliery at Salford
176 Turkish Airlines Flight 981 1974 (3 March) Crashed in the Ermenonville Forest, France due to cargo door design flaw.[102] The flight was headed to London Heathrow and most of the passengers were British
176 Llannerch, Cwmnantddu 1890 (6 February) Colliery gas explosion near Pontypool, Monmouthshire after the mine refused safety lamps by its MD two months earlier
173 Bethnal Green tube station panic 1943 (3 March) Crowd stampede caused by British anti-aircraft battery salvo
172 HMS Serpent 1890 (9 November) Royal Navy torpedo cruiser launched in 1887 shipwrecked off Camariñas, Galicia
168 Burns Pit Disaster 1909 (16 February) Mining disaster at Stanley, County Durham
167 Piper Alpha 1988 (6 July) Oil platform gas leak, explosion and fire 30m above cold seas in the North Sea
164 Seaham Colliery accident 1880 (8 September) Mining accident at Seaham, County Durham
163[103] The John Bodkin Adams murders 1946–1956 Though controversially acquitted in court of the murder of a patient in 1957, Doctor John Bodkin Adams is widely suspected to have murdered around 163 of his patients over 10 years[104]
160 1991 London smog 1991 (12–15 December) [105]
157 Deutschland 1875 (6 December) Shipwrecked during a blizzard on Kentish Knock sandbank, Thames Estuary. Tugboat rescue delayed until the next day, most died of hypothermia
155 Minnie Pit disaster 1918 (12 January) Mining disaster at Podmore Hall, Halmer End, Staffordshire
150 Clifford's Tower fire massacre 1190 (16 March) Massacre of Jews in York by a mob
146 Risca Blackvein Disaster 1860 (1 December) Coal mining disaster at Risca, Monmouthshire caused by a gas explosion
146 Dan-Air Flight 1008 1980 (25 April) Air traffic control instructed the plane to fly an unpublished holding pattern, which led the plane into the dangerously high terrain of Mount Esperanza, Tenerife
146 Aberfan disaster 1966 (21 October) Coal-waste spoil tip collapsed onto a junior school, Glamorganshire
143 Swaithe Main Colliery disaster 1875 (6 December) Mining disaster at Worsbrough, Yorkshire
141 SS Berlin 1907 (21 February) Great Eastern Railway steamship out of Harwich wrecked off Hook of Holland
140 HMS Condor 1901 (3 December) Ship lost with all hands in a gale off Vancouver Island
140 2004 Indian Ocean earthquake and tsunami 2004 (26 December) UK victims only; see Countries affected by the 2004 Indian Ocean earthquake
139 George III 1835 (12 April) Convict ship wrecked in D'Entrecasteaux Channel, Tasmania
139 Combs Pit disaster 1893 (4 July) Mining disaster at Thornhill, Yorkshire
137 National Shell Filling Factory explosion 1918 (1 July) Munitions explosion at Chilwell in Nottinghamshire. Eight tons of TNT exploded
136 Wellington Pit disaster 1910 (11 May) Coal mining disaster at Whitehaven, Cumberland
135 Fifth cholera pandemic 1893 The last outbreak of cholera in Britain took place in 1893[14]
135 Alexander 1815 (27 March) Ship out of Bombay wrecked near Portland within sight of shore. The ship was caught in a gale and ran aground at night
133 Amphitrite 1833 (31 August) Convict ship from Woolwich to Australia wrecked off Boulogne
133 MV Princess Victoria 1953 (31 January) Early roll-on/roll-off ferry disaster in the North Channel during a storm.
131 Lincoln typhoid fever epidemic 1904 (November) – 1905 (April)
130 Rothsay Castle 1831 (18 August) Paddle steamer from Liverpool shipwrecked in the Menai Strait under the command of a drunken captain.
129 John Franklin's Northwest Passage expedition 1845–1848 HMS Erebus and HMS Terror caught in pack ice; the crews endured botulism, lead poisoning and cannibalism before starvation.
128 TSMS Lakonia 1963 (22 December) Caught fire and sank off Madeira. Resulted in 98 (mainly British) passenger deaths, plus 33 crew fatalities.
128 HMS Gladiator 1908 (25 April) Shipwrecked in a collision with an American steamship during a snowstorm, Isle of Wight.
125 HMS Primrose 1809 (22 January) Shipwrecked on The Manacles, Cornwall.
125 SS Hilda 1905 (18 November) London and South Western Railway steamship wrecked in snow squalls off Saint-Malo.
124 BOAC Flight 911 1966 (5 March) Aircraft broke up in flight near Mount Fuji, Japan. A significant percentage of the fatalities were American and Japanese citizens.
124 SS Daphne 1883 (3 July) Capsized during her ship naming and launching, River Clyde, Glasgow.
123 Ocean Queen 1856 (February) Clipper ship out of London disappeared in the Atlantic Ocean.
121 Dunbar 1857 (20 August) Clipper out of Plymouth wrecked at Sydney Cove, Australia.
120 New Risca pit explosion 1880 (5 July) Coal mining disaster, Risca, Monmouthshire.
120+ Bibighar Massacre 1857 (15 July) Massacre of European women and children at Cawnpore (Kanpur), India during the Indian Rebellion of 1857.
119 National Colliery explosion 1905 (11 July) Coal mine explosion at Wattstown, Rhondda Valley, Glamorganshire.
118 British European Airways Flight 548 1972 (18 June) Crashed into a field at Staines. Possible heart attack suffered by the pilot after takeoff.
114 Cymmer Colliery explosion 1856 (15 July) Coal mine explosion at Cymmer, Porth, Glamorganshire.
112 Parc Slip Colliery gas explosion 1892 (26 August) Gas explosion due to a damaged Davy lamp, Tondu, Glamorganshire
112 SS Stella 1899 (30 March) London and South Western Railway steamship wrecked on a granite reef in fog at full speed, sinking in 8 minutes, at the Casquets, Channel Islands.
112 Harrow and Wealdstone rail crash 1952 (8 October) Three trains collided in patchy fog in morning rush hour. Death toll second only to Quintinshill rail crash.[106]
112 Dan-Air Flight 1903 1970 (3 July) De Havilland Comet crashed into a mountain in Catalonia, Spain
111 Caledonian Airways Flight 153 1962 (4 March) Crashed after take-off from Douala, Cameroon
110 [107] RMS Amazon (1851) 1852 (4 January) Steam engine of a wooden mail paddle steamer caught fire in the Bay of Biscay
109 Faversham gunpowder mill explosion 1916 (2 April)
108 Invicta International Airlines Flight 435 1973 (10 April) Crashed into a forested, snowy hillside near Hochwald, Switzerland
106 SS Mohegan 1898 (14 October) Shipwrecked off The Manacles, Cornwall
104 William Pit disaster 1947 (15 August) Coal mining disaster at Whitehaven, Cumberland[108]
104 HMS Brazen 1800 (26 January) Shipwrecked off Newhaven, Sussex.
102 Pelican 1793 (20 March) Sank in the River Mersey.
102 HMS Feversham 1711 (7 October) Shipwrecked off Scatarie Island, Louisbourg, Nova Scotia.
101 Naval Steam Colliery explosion 1880 (10 December) Colliery explosion, Tonypandy, Rhondda Valley. 4 bodies unidentified.[109]
100+ HMS Lizard 1748 (27 February) Wrecked on the Seven Stones reef.[110]
100 to 240[111][112][113] Windscale fire 1957 (10 October) (deaths up to decades later) One of the world's worst nuclear accidents.[111] Radioactive material released, causing many local cancer deaths in the long term.[114] Number of deaths disputed.[114]
100 "Battle" of May Island 1918 (31 January – 1 February) Two Royal Navy submarines sunk after collisions during naval exercise
100 Moray Firth fishing disaster 1848 (19 August) Open hulled fishing fleet storm disaster
100 HMS Confiance 1822 (21 September) 36-gun, 393 ton brig sloop was wrecked between Mizen Head and Three Castles Head, at the south-westernmost point of Ireland
100[115] Avalanche 1877 (11 September) Ship out of London for Wellington, New Zealand, collided with American Forest Queen off Isle of Portland, English Channel, both sinking, with a further 20+ casualties from the Forest Queen

Fewer than 100 fatalities

Deaths
Italics indicate an
estimated figure
 Event Year Notes
99 Meikle Ferry disaster 1809 (16 August) Over-laden ferryboat sank in Dornoch Firth, Scotland
99 HMS Thetis submarine disaster 1939 (1 June) Flooded through torpedo tube during pre-war sea trials, Liverpool Bay, salvaged but sunk by depth charges with all hands in 1943
98 Edmond 1850 (19 November) A chartered passenger sailing vessel sunk at Edmond Point in Kilkee, Co. Clare with 216 on board
98 Britannia Airways Flight 105 1966 (1 September) Britannia Airways Bristol Britannia G-ANBB from London Luton Airport, aircrash at Ljubljana
97 Hillsborough Stadium Disaster 1989 (15 April) 97 people died after being crushed against perimeter fencing after thousands of people tried to enter the stadium through a narrow tunnel
95 Haswell Colliery explosion 1844 (28 September) County Durham
95 "Fatal Vespers" 1623 (26 October) Floor collapse at house in Blackfriars, London, being used as a chapel
94 Carlingford Lough disaster 1916 (3 November) SS Connemara and a coalship SS Retriever collided and sank, Carlingford Lough, County Down
93 St Scholastica Day riot, Oxford 1355 (10–12 February) A "town and gown" dispute over beer escalates over three days
92 Felling mine disaster, County Durham 1812 (25 May) Firedamp explosion, ushers in safety lamps by George Stephenson and Humphry Davy
91 Carrick-on-Suir disaster 1799 (9 February) Barge capsize under bridge, in Ireland[116]
91 Cadeby Main pit disaster 1912 (9 July) Two underground coal mine explosions at Cadeby, South Yorkshire
90 Lewisham rail crash 1957 (4 December) Railway signals missed in the rush hour fog
88 Armagh rail disaster 1889 (12 June) 10 runaway railway passenger cars on a Sunday School day trip
88 1967 Air Ferry DC-4 accident, 1967 (3 June) Douglas C-54 G-APYK, from Kent International Airport, Mont Canigou, France
87 Morfa Mine, Port Talbot 1890 (10 March) Glamorganshire, Colliery gas explosion
86 SS Egypt 1922 (20 May) Shipwreck, off Ushant, Brittany
85 Rohilla 1914 (30 October) Ran aground off Whitby, with a survivor of the sinking of the RMS Titanic two years earlier rescued again
84 British Eagle 1964 (29 February) International Airlines aircrash Bristol Britannia G-AOVO from London Heathrow Airport, Innsbruck, Austria,
84 Paisley canal disaster 1810 (10 November) Canal pleasure boat capsize, Paisley, Scotland
83 East Side pit, Senghenydd 1901 (24 May) Glamorganshire, Colliery gas explosion, precursor to the 1913 disaster
81 Mardy Colliery, Rhondda Valley 1885 (23 December) Glamorganshire, mining disaster
81 Easington Colliery 1951 (29 May) County Durham, coal mine explosion,
81 Holmfirth Flood 1852 (5 February) Bilberry Reservoir collapsed, Holme Valley, West Yorkshire
80+ PS Queen Victoria 1853 (15 February) Wrecked below a lighthouse in a night-time snowstorm, off Howth Head, Dublin
80 Llandow air disaster 1950 (12 March) Fairflight Avro Tudor G-AKBY, Sigginstone, Glamorganshire, with returning Welsh Rugby Union supporters on board (highest confirmed death toll of any civil aviation disaster up to that date)
80 Creswell Colliery 1950 (26 September) Mining accident caused by smoke inhalation, Creswell, Derbyshire
79 Great Yarmouth Suspension bridge 1846 (2 May) Collapse above a river, killing children watching a clown
79 British Admiral out of Liverpool wrecked off Tasmania 1874 (23 May)
79 HMS Glatton 1918 (16 September) Wrecked by accidental explosion, Dover harbour
79 Markham Colliery disaster 1938 (10 May) Underground explosion Derbyshire
78 Burwell, Cambridgeshire Barn fire 1727 (8 September) Occurred during a puppet show with the doors nailed shut
77 Ocean Home 1856 (5 September) American ship sinks after collision with Cherubim off Lizard Point, Cornwall
77 Diglake Colliery Disaster 1895 (14 January) Inrush of water into Diglake Colliery, North Staffordshire
76 Third plague pandemic 1896–1926 Series of outbreaks across Britain and Ireland as part of a pandemic, with Glasgow and Suffolk being particularly badly affected (the last death of plague in Britain occurred in 1926)[117][118]
76 Maypole Colliery disaster 1908 (18 August) Underground explosion at Abram, Lancashire
75 Tay Bridge disaster 1879 (28 December) Cast iron bridge collapse with a train crossing during an evening storm, Dundee
75 HMS Affray 1951 (17 April) Mysterious submarine disaster in English Channel
75 STV Royston Grange 1972 (11 May) A Houlder Line cargo liner, destroyed by fire after a collision with Liberian-registered tanker Tien Chee in the Rio de la Plata
74 SS Naronic 1893 (19 February) Lost at sea, possibly due to iceberg strike off Nova Scotia, out of Liverpool, with no Wireless Telegraph to make a distress call
73 Udston mining disaster 1887 (28 May) Hamilton, Scotland, firedamp explosion
73 Silvertown explosion 1917 (19 January) Explosion in a TNT factory in West Ham
72 Stockport Air Disaster 1967 (4 June) British Midland Airways Argonaut G-ALHG, an unrecognised flaw in the fuel system made the plane returning from Majorca uncontrollable.
72 Grenfell Tower fire 2017 (14 June) Residential tower block in North Kensington, London[119]
71 Glen Cinema Disaster 1929 (31 December) Paisley, Scotland[120]
70+ 1900 English beer poisoning 1900 6,000 people poisoned by consuming arsenic-tainted beer, with Manchester being the worst affected area[121]
70 Great Gale of 1871 1871 (10 February) Bridlington 100 shipwrecks, incl. Royal National Lifeboat Harbinger, plus other losses at sea, estimated total of 70 marine fatalities
70 RAF Fauld 1944 (27 November) Munitions explosion during World War II, Staffordshire[122]
69 HMS M1 1925 (12 November) Submarine wreck in collision with Swedish surface vessel off Plymouth
69[123] Trimdon Grange colliery disaster 1882 (16 February) Underground explosion in County Durham
67 September 11, 2001 attacks 2001 (11 September) [UK victims only]
66 BEA Comet G-ARCO bombing 1967 (12 October) Off Rhodes [all nationalities] [3]
66 Ibrox disaster 1971 (2 January) Compressive asphyxia spectator crush on stairway at Ibrox Park football stadium, Glasgow
65 Theatre Royal, Dunlop Street, Glasgow 1849 (17 February) Panic ensuing from a false fire alarm
65 Cherokee class brig-sloop HMS Jasper 1817 (20 January) Wrecked in hurricane-force winds on either Rame Head, Cornwall or Bear's Head, Mount Batten, Devon[124]
64 Middle Duffryn Mine 1852 (14 May) Colliery explosion near Aberdare, Glamorganshire[125]
64 Masbrough boat disaster 1841 (5 July) John and William overturns on launch near Rotherham[126]
64 HMS Truculent 1950 (12 January) Submarine collision on the surface, Thames Estuary, survivors died of hypothermia on mid-winter mudbanks
63 British Airways Flight 576 1976 (10 September) Mid-air collision with Inex-Adria Aviopromet Flight 550 above Zagreb, caused by ATC error[127]
63 Peckfield Colliery Disaster 1896 (30 April) Micklefield, Yorkshire
63 Victoria coal pit, Nitshill near Glasgow 1851 (15 March) Explosion[128]
63 Great Western Mine 1893 (11 April) Rhondda Valley Colliery mining disaster, South Wales
63 BEA Flight 706 aircrash 1971 (2 October) A Vickers Vanguard G-APEC flight 706, Aarsele, Belgium
63 Mauricewood Colliery disaster 1889 (5 September) Underground fire, Penicuik, Scotland[129]
63 Dinas Rhondda 1879 (13 January ) Colliery gas explosion at Llantrisant, Rhondda Valley, Glamorganshire[130]
62 PS Comet II 1825 (21 October) Sank in collision off Gourock, Scotland
61 SS Thames 1841 (4 January) Steamship shipwrecked in a night-time storm, Isles of Scilly
61 Freckleton Air Disaster 1944 (23 August) A USAAF Consolidated B-24 Liberator heavy bomber crashed into a village school in a storm, Freckleton, Lancashire, (3 aircrew, 58 ground fatalities)
60+ Harwich ferry disaster 1807 (18 April) A 'grossly overladen' coastal vessel capsizes while transporting soldiers and their families
60 Dalhousie 1853(October ) "Blackwall frigate" sank off Beachy Head
60 HMS M2 British M class submarine 1932 (26 January) Floods through her Parnall Peto seaplane hangar doors, Lyme Bay
58 Wharncliffe Woodmoor Colliery 1936 (6 August) Underground explosion caused by an electrical fault
58 Garland of Topsham 1649 (30 January) A vessel carrying Charles I's possessions wrecked on Godrevy Island, Cornwall[131]
57 Tylorstown 1896 (27 January) Rhondda Valley Colliery mining disaster, South Wales
57 Sneyd Colliery Disaster 1942 (1 January) Burslem, Staffordshire
57 HMS K5 1921 (24 January) A submarine sank in deep water, 120 miles south-west of the Isles of Scilly during sea trials
56 Bradford City stadium fire 1985 (11 May) Bradford City A.F.C.'s Valley Parade stadium caught fire after a discarded cigarette set fire to rubbish underneath the wooden stands
56 7 July 2005 London bombings 2005 (7 July) By suicide bombers on public transport
55 Manchester air disaster 1985 (22 August) Flight 28M, a Boeing 737-236 engine fire before takeoff on a holiday flight to Corfu
53 Second Ferndale Colliery disaster 1869 (10 June) Explosion in Rhondda Valley, Glamorganshire
53 Great fire of Newcastle and Gateshead 1854 (6 October) Firestorm and explosion
52 Lletty Shenkin Colliery, Cwmbach 1849 (10 August) Underground explosion, Aberdare, South Wales[132]
52 Yellow fever outbreak, HMS Firebrand 1861 (July) West Indies[133]
52 Loch Ard 1878 (1 June) A clipper out of Gravesend, Kent, wrecked off Loch Ard Gorge, just off the Shipwreck Coast of Victoria, Australia in thick fog
52 HMS Wasp 1884 (22 September) Wrecked on Tory Island, County Donegal
52 Marine Colliery 1927 (1 March) Gwm near Ebbw Vale, Monmouthshire, coal mine disaster
51 Colney Hatch Lunatic Asylum fire, London 1903 (27 January) In an early psychiatric hospital holding up to 3,500 patients
51 Marchioness disaster, River Thames 1989 (20 August) A pleasure boat rammed by a dredger under a bridge
51 St Hilda Colliery, South Shields, coal pit explosion 1839 (28 June) [134]
50+ Winter of 1962–63 1962–63 One of the coldest winters on record in the United Kingdom. The river Thames froze solid[135]
50 Ariana Afghan Airlines Flight 701 aircrash 1969 (5 January) Crashed into a house, Boeing 727 YA-FAR, Gatwick
50 Summerland fire disaster 1973 (2 August) Douglas, Isle of Man, a fire in a leisure centre
50 Whiddy Island disaster 1979 (8 January) Explosion of oil tanker Betelguese in Bantry Bay, Ireland
49? SS Nile 1854 (30 November) All the crew and passengers died when she hit The Stones reef off Godrevy Head, Cornwall; leading to building of the lighthouse[136]
49 Booth's clothing factory fire, Huddersfield 1941 (31 October) Fire at a major clothing factory in Huddersfield, West Riding of Yorkshire[137]
49 HMS Punjabi collision with the battleship HMS King George V 1942 (1 May) Sinking 469 miles north-west of Shetland.
49 Hither Green rail crash 1967 (5 November ) In London, a broken rail caused derailment of an express train
48 Stardust fire 1981 (14 February) A nightclub fire in Artane, Dublin, 841 people had attended a disco there, of whom 48 died and 214 were injured as a result of the fire
48 A British Eagle International Airlines Vickers Viscount 1968 (9 August) En route from London to Innsbruck, Austria, breaks up in mid-air over Bavaria
47[138] Burns' Day Storm 1990 (25 January) Violent storm that started on Burns' day and affected north-western Europe, hurricane-force winds in some areas
47 Emma 1828 (29 February) Capsizes after launching, Mersey and Irwell Navigation, Manchester[139]
47 Gethin Pit disaster 1862 (19 February) First of two underground colliery explosions at Abercanaid, near Merthyr Tydfil. South Wales
47 R101 airship crash 1930 (5 October) Beauvais, France
47 SS Samtampa 1947( 23 April) Wrecked off Sker Point in the Bristol Channel (death toll includes 8 crew of Mumbles lifeboat)
47 Auchengeich coal mining disaster 1959 (18 September) Auchinloch, Lanarkshire, Scotland
47 Kegworth Air Disaster 1989 (8 January) British Midland Flight 92, Leicestershire, the pilot shut down the wrong engine (just missed the M1 Motorway)
47 1973 Nantes mid-air collision 1973 (5 March) [British victims only] Two aircraft heading to London Heathrow collided due to ATC error.[140]
46 Wreck of Confederate States of America blockade runner PS Lelia 1865 (14 January) (39 fatalities) and lifeboat crew (7 fatalities) in Liverpool Bay
45 Bentley Coal mine disaster 1931 (20 November) Bentley, South Yorkshire
45 Six Bells Colliery Disaster 1960 (28 June) Aberbeeg, Monmouthshire
45 Aquila Airways Short Solent flying boat crash 1957 (15 November) Isle of Wight
45 Sumburgh disaster 1986 (6 November) A Brent oilfield CH-47 Chinook helicopter crashed at sea
45 PS Nimrod 1860 (28 February) An Irish steamer sank off St David's Head
45 Cleggan Bay Disaster 1927 (27 October) A strong gale killed 45 fishermen off the coast of County Galway
44 R38 (ZR-2) airship crash 1921 (24 August) River Humber, near Hull
44 MV Derbyshire 1980 (9 September) Bibby Line bulk carrier sank during Typhoon Orchid, south of Japan (by tonnage the largest UK-flagged ship loss)
43 Croydon typhoid outbreak of 1937 1937 (October–December) Outbreak originating from a polluted chalk water well; 341 cases[141]
43 Bourne End rail crash 1945 (30 September) Derailment taking crossover at speed near Hemel Hempstead, Hertfordshire; driver had worked for 26 consecutive days
43 Moorgate tube crash 1975 (28 February) London Underground train runs at speed into dead-end tunnel in the morning rush hour
41 Little Baldon air crash 1965 (6 July) Handley Page Hastings aircraft crashed at Little Baldon, Oxfordshire, during parachute training flight from RAF Abingdon, caused by metal fatigue
40 Garden Pit Disaster 1844 (14 February) 40 men and boys are crushed or drowned when water from the River Cleddau broke through the roof of their coalmine at Landshipping, Pembrokeshire, Wales[142]
40 Regent's Park ice-skating disaster 1867 (15 January) Ice covering the boating lake collapsed and 200 people plunged in[143]
40 Low Moor Explosion 1916 (21 August) Explosion at a picric acid plant producing explosives for the war effort in the First World War[144]

See also

Notes

  1. ^ Military and civilian casualties from conflicts in which the United Kingdom was involved are listed at United Kingdom casualties of war.
  2. ^ Assuming the population of England as 21,361,235 (1871 census) and of Scotland as 3,360,018 (1871 census).
  3. ^ Estimate of mortality in Britain.
  4. ^ While the annual government statistics in these years all record the number of people who died whilst being infected with HIV, only the two most recent reports (2018 and 2019) specify the number of these deaths that are assumed to be attributable to "AIDS-defining illnesses". However, the most recent report (2019) specifies that 22% to 47% of deaths of those living with a HIV infection can be assumed to have been as a result of an AIDS-defining illness, and, using these figures, it can be estimated that approximately 832–1494 have died from AIDS-defining illness between 2013 and 2018.

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External links

  • Aviation Safety Network database
  • Ships List wrecks site
  • Durham Mining Museum site

January 31, 2023
list, disasters, great, britain, ireland, death, toll, following, list, disasters, great, britain, ireland, list, major, disasters, excluding, acts, which, relate, united, kingdom, ireland, states, that, preceded, them, that, involved, their, citizens, definab. The following list of disasters in Great Britain and Ireland is a list of major disasters excluding acts of war a which relate to the United Kingdom or Ireland or to the states that preceded them or that involved their citizens in a definable incident or accident such as a shipwreck where the loss of life was forty or more Contents 1 Over 1000 fatalities 2 200 999 fatalities 3 100 199 fatalities 4 Fewer than 100 fatalities 5 See also 6 Notes 7 References 8 External linksOver 1000 fatalities EditDeaths inItalics indicate an estimated figure Event Year Notes3 500 000 Black Death pandemic 1347 1350 See discussion of death toll estimates at the death toll section1 000 000 1 to 1 500 000 Great Irish Famine 1845 1849 See discussion of death toll estimates at the death toll section300 000 to 480 000 2 Great Irish Famine of 1740 41 The Great Frost 1740 1741 Some estimates indicate a death toll as high as 500 000 from starvation and disease 3 4 250 000 1918 influenza pandemic 1918 Sep Nov An estimated 200 000 people died in England and Wales 5 Although the official number of deaths in Scotland due to the pandemic is 17 575 a modern estimate of total pandemic mortality in Scotland is between 27 641 and 33 771 6 About 20 000 died in Ireland 7 217 262 8 estimate for UK only COVID 19 pandemic in the United Kingdom and COVID 19 pandemic in the Republic of Ireland Jan 2020 present The covid 19 pandemic caused a worldwide death toll of over 5 8 million people 200 000 9 1557 influenza pandemic 1557 1561 From 1557 to 1559 the population contracted by 2 150 000 Seven ill years 1695 99 The last major famine to occur in Scotland Marked by large scale migration especially to Ireland125 000 10 1889 1890 flu pandemic 1889 1893 Influenza pandemic originating from St Petersburg Russia 100 000 Sweating sickness sudor anglicus 1485 ff Mysterious disease which killed tens of thousands of people in each of its five outbreaks before disappearing 11 80 000 12 13 Hong Kong flu pandemic 1968 1970 Influenza pandemic Figure for UK deaths only 78 319 Third cholera pandemic 1848 1854 First cases in Edinburgh in October 1848 Major outbreaks across Britain including the famous 1854 Broad Street cholera outbreak where John Snow was able to identify contaminated water as being the source of the disease 14 Estimate is for deaths in Great Britain only 75 000 15 Great Plague of London 1665 1666 The last major epidemic of the bubonic plague to occur in England 65 000 Year Without a Summer 1816 Famine and typhoid fever in Ireland 16 and food riots in England and France caused by the 1815 eruption of Mount Tambora affecting the weather 60 000 17 1847 48 influenza pandemic 1847 1848 Worldwide influenza outbreak 52 627 18 b 1870 1875 Europe smallpox epidemic 1870 1875 Mortality figure for England and Scotland only The epidemic started during the Franco Prussian War and spread throughout Europe 41 644 19 1837 1840 smallpox epidemic 1837 1840 Especially severe smallpox epidemic 40 000 1603 London plague epidemic 1603 Bubonic plague epidemic in London 20 21 22 40 000 23 1775 1776 England Influenza outbreak 1775 1776 Unusually deadly influenza epidemic 35 417 1625 London plague epidemic 1625 Bubonic plague epidemic in London 24 33 000 12 Asian flu pandemic 1957 1958 Influenza pandemic which originated in Guizhou China 32 854 Second cholera pandemic 1831 1833 The disease arrived in Britain from Asia in October 1831 Major outbreaks in various cities Cases tailed off after 1833 14 23 000 25 c Laki haze 1783 1784 Jun Feb Eruption of a volcano in Iceland sent a huge toxic gas cloud across Britain killing thousands 25 20 100 1563 London plague 1563 1564 Bubonic plague epidemic in London 26 20 000 1235 famine 1235 London badly affected many resort to eating tree bark for survival 27 19 900 1592 93 London plague 1592 1593 Bubonic plague epidemic in London 28 17 000 29 1257 Samalas eruption 1258 Crop failures and famines caused by the 1257 Samalas eruption in Indonesia affecting the weather around 15 000 die in London 15 785 to 16 447 HIV AIDS pandemic 1979 present Approximately 12 105 had died in the UK by 1996 30 Between 1997 and 2012 2 450 died of AIDS related illness in England and Wales 31 Between 2013 and 2018 approximately 832 1 494 died because of HIV AIDS in the UK 32 33 34 35 36 37 d About 398 died in Ireland by 2005 38 15 548 Fourth cholera pandemic 1865 1873 Major outbreaks in 1865 and 1866 Smaller outbreaks in Scotland in 1873 14 12 000 Storegga Slide 6200 BC Massive submarine landslides off the coast of Norway cause a huge tsunami to hit the eastern coast of Britain killing 12 000 prehistoric Britons This was one quarter of the entire population at the time 39 8 000 Great Storm of 1703 1703 26 November Atlantic hurricane across southern England and the English Channel deaths chiefly at sea including 1083 in naval ships wrecked on Goodwin Sands 40 7 600 Winter of 1894 95 1894 1895 December February An 8 week period of severe cold weather with a weekly death rate of around 950 41 6 500 42 43 1729 Influenza epidemic 1729 September December Influenza t with very high mortality rates 5 000 44 1836 37 influenza pandemic 1836 1837 Influenza outbreak with high mortality rates 5 000 Great Famine 14th century 1315 13174 000 to 12 000 Great Smog of London 1952 December 4 000 1911 United Kingdom heat wave 1911 July September Newspapers ran deaths from heat columns 45 3 500 1782 Central Atlantic hurricane 1782 16 17 Sep Loss of HMS Ramillies HMS Centaur storeships Dutton and British Queen captured French prize ships Ville de Paris Glorieux Hector and Caton plus other merchantmen 3 200 46 47 The encephalitis lethargica pandemic of 1915 1926 1917 1924 Some victims were left in a statue like condition and many of those who survived never returned to their pre existing aliveness it is thought that the Spanish flu pandemic which coincided with the encephalitis pandemic contributed to the seriousness of the disease 48 3 000 Tainted blood scandal 1970s 1980s deaths up to decades later 49 Importing and use of blood products known to be contaminated with HIV Hepatitis B C amp E People continue to die up to the present time 50 3 000 1212 Great Fire of London 1212 10 July Source for fatalities is the Guinness Book of Records 51 but historical evidence unclear3 000 1976 British Isles heat wave 1976 23 June 27 August At the time the hottest summer in central England in 250 years 52 2 323 53 2006 European heat wave 2006 26 June 30 July 2 234 54 2003 European heat wave 2003 4 13 August 2 200 1880 London coal smog 1880 55 2 000 1540 1541 great heat and drought 1540 also known as the Big Sun Year 1540 1541 Heat and drought caused freshwater from the Thames to shrink to such an unprecedented extent that seawater flowed on the tide past London Bridge polluting the water supply The resulting dysentery and cholera killed thousands 56 2 000 Bristol Channel floods 1607 30 January 57 1 900 Christmas Eve storm 1811 24 December Wrecks HMS St George Defence and Fancy off Thorsminde Jutland and HMS Hero and the transport Archimedes off Texel Netherlands1 550 Scilly naval disaster 1707 22 October HMS Association HMS Eagle Romney and Firebrand1 500 Peasants Revolt 1381 30 May November Peasants protest against poll taxes serfdom and the socio economic tensions generated by the Black Death pandemic Some march on London demanding reform and after initial successes are brutally suppressed 58 59 1 500 RMS Titanic 1912 15 April Estimates vary but most official sources and historians put the death toll at upwards of 1500 1 200 Strait of Gibraltar storm 1694 1 March 57 Wrecks HMS Sussex and accompanying ships1 198 RMS Lusitania 1915 7 May Struck by torpedo on starboard side Sank in the Celtic Sea within 18 minutes1 012 RMS Empress of Ireland 1914 29 May Canadian Pacific ship sank in Gulf of St Lawrence registered in UK with crew almost entirely from Merseyside1 000 60 Storm off Winterton Ness 1692 200 colliers wrecked off the Norfolk coast1 000 61 1956 London smog 1956 December 1 000 1867 San Narciso hurricane 1867 29 October Up to 50 UK vessels driven ashore on Saint Thomas Danish West Indies including RMS Rhone and RMS Wye 180 deaths between these 62 1 000 Great Hurricane of 1780 in the Caribbean 1780 10 October Royal Navy ships lost included HMS Stirling Castle HMS Laurel HMS Andromeda HMS Thunderer and HMS Phoenix200 999 fatalities EditDeaths inItalics indicate an estimated figure Event Year Notes908 2016 heat wave 2016 September Included the hottest September day in the UK since 1911 53 900 Plymouth Sound storm 1691 3 September Wrecks HMS Coronation 63 and HMS Harwich 64 killing 600 300 respectively900 HMS Victory 1737 1744 3 October Wrecked on the Casquets in the Channel Islands892 2019 heat wave 2019 July August Temperatures were as high as 38 7C in Cambridge the highest temperature ever recorded in the UK at the time 65 890 Quebec Expedition disaster 1711 22 August Seven transport ships and one storeship wrecked in thick fog on the Saint Lawrence River Canada863 53 2018 British Isles heat wave 2018 22 June 7 August 843 HMS Vanguard explosion 1917 9 July Magazine explosion in Scapa Flow800 HMS Royal George capsizes 1782 29 August At Spithead780 1873 London smog 1873 December The first in a series of major smog build ups in London 66 67 779 68 1892 London smog 1892 December Excess deaths from air pollution778 53 2017 heat wave 2017 June 748 Royal Charter Storm 1859 26 October The Royal Charter and other ships wrecked in Lligwy Bay Anglesey738 HMS Bulwark explosion 1914 26 November Magazine explosion off Sheerness700 to 800 69 1948 London smog 1948 26 November 1 December Excess deaths from air pollution699 HMS Ramillies 70 1760 15 February Ran aground off Bolt Head Devon690 HMS Queen Charlotte fire 1800 17 March Exploded in the Tuscan Archipelago646 SS Mendi 1917 21 February Rammed by SS Darro off the Isle of Wight640 Princess Alice disaster 1878 3 September Collision with the Bywell Castle in the River Thames near Woolwich Estimates vary but most historians put the death toll as between 600 and 700 635 SS Norge shipwreck 1904 28 June Danish ship ran aground off Rockall619 1995 Great Britain and Ireland heat wave 1995 28 June 22 August The hottest August on record in England and Wales since 1659 71 612 Tramore storm 1816 30 January Wrecks the ships Sea Horse 72 Boadicea and Lord Melville 73 600 an unidentified troop ship 1796 23 January Shipwreck possibly one of Admiral Christian s West Indies convoy wrecked on Loe Bar Cornwall 74 564 SS Utopia disaster 1891 17 March British ship carrying mostly Italian migrants in collision with HMS Anson off Gibraltar 75 546 SS Atlantic 1870 1873 1 April White Star liner struck rocks off Nova Scotia540 to 760 76 2013 Great Britain and Ireland heat wave 2013 July Estimate for UK deaths only531 1623 24 famine 1623 1624 East Lancashire badly affected 77 said to be the last peace time famine in England 531 78 1953 North Sea storm and flood 1953 31 Jan 1 Feb Included the ferry MV Princess Victoria520 HMS Namur 1749 14 April Wrecked in a storm near Fort St David India500 HMS Minotaur 1810 22 December Wrecked on Haak Bank near Texel Netherlands500 Black Monday 1209 Easter Monday Massacre of English settlers by Irish clans near Ranelagh Dublin491 HMS York 1804 Jan Struck the Inchcape rock and sank with the loss of her entire crew481 HMS Captain 1870 7 September Sank off Cape Finisterre Spain due to design flaws480 SS City of Glasgow 1854 March Disappeared after leaving Liverpool for Philadelphia473 Cospatrick 1874 18 November Caught fire in the South Atlantic464 HMS Courageux 1796 18 December Shipwrecked at Apes Hill Barbary Coast now Monte Hacho Ceuta Africa 79 457 80 2009 swine flu pandemic 2009 2010 Global influenza pandemic the second involving the influenza A virus subtype H1N1 after the Spanish flu454 Vryheid 1802 23 November Formerly Melville Castle shipwrecked in a gale off the Kent coast between Hythe and Dymchurch 18 of 472 on board survived450 HMS Birkenhead 1852 25 February Shipwrecked near Cape Town450 Royal Charter ship 1859 26 October Wrecked off Dulas Bay Anglesey439 Senghenydd colliery disaster 1913 14 October Gas explosion at the Universal Colliery Senghenydd Caerphilly Glamorganshire Britain s worst mining accident431 HMS Otranto 1918 6 October Shipwrecked off Islay 351 United States troops and 80 crew perished424 Pomona 1859 30 April American ship carrying mainly Irish emigrants from Liverpool to New York wrecked on a sandbank at Ballyconigar off Wexford Ireland421 HMS Natal 1915 30 December Magazine explosion Precise number of deaths disputed 421 is highest estimate400 Sinking of Rochdale and Prince of Wales 1807 20 November Ships carrying troops leaving Dublin for the Napoleonic Wars400 HMS Invincible 1801 16 March Sank off Norfolk while en route to the Battle of Copenhagen400 HMS Winchester 1695 1 September Shipwrecked on a reef off Key Largo Florida400 Cataraqui 1845 4 August Shipwrecked off King Island Tasmania 384 Annie Jane 1853 28 September Emigrant ship out of Liverpool wrecked on Vatersay in the Outer Hebrides of Scotland361 The Oaks explosion 1866 12 December Colliery disaster Barnsley Yorkshire 383 claimed but not verified 81 380 Mary Rose 1545 18 July Warship sank in action off Portsmouth379 HMS Dasher D37 1943 27 March Aircraft carrier accidental fuel explosion in Firth of Clyde374 Driver 1856 February American clipper ship carrying migrants to the US out of Liverpool disappeared while crossing the Atlantic Ocean372 Arniston 1815 30 May Wrecked at Waenhuiskrans South Africa369 82 Queen 1814 14 Jan Wrecked in Carrick Roads Cornwall360 Elizabeth 1810 27 December Chartered East Indiaman wrecked off Dunkirk358 HMS Victoria 1893 22 June Rammed by HMS Camperdown in the Mediterranean Sea352 HMS Princess Irene 1915 27 May Explosion while on the River Medway Sheerness349 HMS Sceptre 1799 5 November Wrecked during a storm in Table Bay near the Cape of Good Hope 83 347 HMS Athenienne 1806 20 October Wrecked off Tunisia 100 survivors crammed into the ship s launch344 Pretoria Pit Disaster 1910 21 December Underground explosion at the Hulton Bank Colliery Westhoughton Lancashire340 Aeneas 1805 23 October Troopship wrecked on the Iles aux Mortes along the Canadian coastline while carrying troops to Quebec338 HMS Curacao 1942 2 October Light cruiser run down and cut in two by RMS Queen Mary north of Ireland335 SS Schiller 1875 7 May German liner wrecked off the Isles of Scilly329 Air India Flight 182 1985 23 June Act of terror destroyed by a bomb crashed into the Atlantic Ocean while in Irish airspace317 84 HMS Eurydice 1878 22 March Sank off the Isle of Wight commemorated by Gerard Manley Hopkins in the poem The Loss of the Eurydice 316 Sybelle 1834 11 September Emigrant ship out of Cromarty wrecked off St Paul Island Nova Scotia 85 303 86 Kapunda 1887 20 January Emigrant ship out of London collided with the barque Ada Melmore off Brazil300 to 400 61 1962 London smog 1962 December 300 White Ship 1120 25 November Shipwrecked off Barfleur Normandy taking the only legitimate son of King Henry I of England300 HMS Amphion 1796 22 September Magazine explosion while at Plymouth Devon300 HMS London 1665 7 March Accidental explosion while in the Thames Estuary297 RMS Tayleur 1854 21 January Shipwrecked off Lambay Island Dublin Bay during its maiden voyage after its iron hull deflected its compass293 Northfleet 1873 22 January Rammed at night by a Spanish steamboat while anchored off Dungeness290 Albion Colliery explosion 1894 23 June Firedamp explosion at Cilfynydd in South Wales 87 88 285 Gordon Riots 1780 2 13 June Rioters shot by troops281 HMS Atalanta 1880 31 January HMS Eurydice s sister ship disappeared after leaving Bermuda bound for Falmouth Cornwall276 VOC Hollandia 1743 13 June Shipwrecked off Annet Isles of Scilly270 Great Sheffield Flood 1864 11 March Caused by collapse of Dale Dike Reservoir during its first filling270 89 Pan Am Flight 103 1988 21 December Blown apart at 31 000 ft over Lockerbie Scotland by terrorist bomb in hold268 Abercarn colliery disaster 1878 11 September Mining disaster at Abercarn Monmouthshire citation needed 266 Gresford Disaster 1934 22 September Mining accident near Wrexham North Wales260 Earl of Abergavenny 1805 5 February East Indiaman shipwrecked off Portland Bill253 HMS Saldanha 1811 4 December Shipwrecked during gale off Lough Swilly Donegal Ireland250 Night of the Big Wind 1839 6 7 January A severe windstorm sweeps across Ireland causing flooding and other damage250 RMS Royal Adelaide 1850 30 March Irish paddle steamer shipwrecked on Tongue Sands off Margate Kent 90 247 East Indiaman Doddington 1755 17 July Shipwrecked in Algoa Bay South Africa246 HMS Avenger 1847 20 December Wrecked off the Galite Islands Tunisia241 Exmouth 1847 28 April Shipwrecked off Islay 91 240 HMS Lutine 1799 9 October Shipwrecked off Vlieland238 92 MV Dara 1961 8 April British India Steam Navigation Company passenger liner evacuated in the Persian Gulf off Dubai following explosion and fire237 SS Anglo Saxon 1863 27 April Canadian ship wrecked in dense fog off Cape Race Newfoundland Canada on passage from Liverpool228 HMS Tribune 1797 16 November Wrecked during a storm off Halifax Nova Scotia Canada226 Quintinshill rail crash 1915 22 May Three train collision in Dumfries and Galloway Scotland Britain s worst railway accident 93 224 Neva 1835 13 May Convict ship out of Cork wrecked on reefs off King Island Tasmania220 SS London 1866 11 January Sank during gale in the Bay of Biscay 94 220 Great Blizzard of 1891 1891 9 13 March Strong winds and snow across southern England lead to deaths on land and at sea 95 220 Hartley Colliery disaster 1862 16 January Caused by steam engine metal fatigue in Northumberland215 Lady of the Lake 1833 11 May Struck iceberg in the North Atlantic and sank212 Sovereign 1814 18 October Wrecked off St Paul Island Nova Scotia 210 SS Rinaldo 1878 18 December Collision with French steamship Byzantin which sustains most casualties in the Dardanelles 62 208 Harpooner 1816 10 November Military transport ship shipwrecked off Newfoundland207 Blantyre mining disaster 1877 22 October Gas explosion in a Scottish colliery205 SS Hungarian 1860 20 February A Canadian Allan Line Royal Mail Steamer out of Liverpool and Queenstown Cobh wrecked off Cape Sable Island Nova Scotia 96 201 HMY Iolaire 1919 1 January Admiralty yacht returning soldiers to the Isle of Lewis after World War I sank off Holm near Stornoway in the Outer Hebrides 97 100 199 fatalities EditDeaths inItalics indicate an estimated figure Event Year Notes193 MS Herald of Free Enterprise 1987 6 March Ferry capsized off Zeebrugge in under one minute after its RORO bow doors were left open Unlawful killing verdict 192 Transport ship Dispatch and Brig of War HMS Primrose 1809 22 January Both ships sank after hitting The Manacles 98 191 SS City of Boston Inman Line 1870 after 28 January Ship out of New York City and Halifax Nova Scotia bound for Liverpool disappeared in the Atlantic Ocean possibly struck an iceberg189 Lundhill Colliery explosion 1857 19 February Colliery disaster Wombwell Yorkshire 189 Wood Pit Colliery explosion 1878 7 June Colliery disaster Haydock Lancashire The total fatalities which included one man and all of his five sons may have been 204 or more 99 189 HMS Orpheus 1863 7 February Sank off Auckland due to outdated nautical charts and shortcuts 189 Eyemouth Disaster 1881 14 October Local fishing fleet sank during a European windstorm that struck the southeast coast of Scotland 1 186 Exeter Theatre Royal fire 1887 5 September Fire at the Theatre Royal Exetercaused by gas lights 186 PS Pacific 1856 after 23 January American ship lost at sea out of Liverpool sister ship of SS Arctic 183 Victoria Hall disaster 1883 16 June Stampede at Sunderland after a children s Variety show to get prizes and gifts resulted in compressive asphyxia and trampling 179 SS Cambria 1870 19 October Shipwrecked at Inishtrahull178 United Kingdom BSE outbreak 1996 2001 Variant Creutzfeldt Jakob disease outbreak in the UK Known colloquially as mad cow disease victims contracted the disease through eating infected beef 100 101 178 First Ferndale Colliery disaster 1867 8 November Mining disaster in the Rhondda Valley Glamorganshire caused by gas accumulation and miners tampering with safety lamps178 Ocean Monarch 1848 24 August Shipwreck and fire off Great Orme Llandudno caused by steerage passengers smoking materials178 Clifton Hall Colliery explosion 1885 18 June Explosion of firedamp gas in a colliery at Salford176 Turkish Airlines Flight 981 1974 3 March Crashed in the Ermenonville Forest France due to cargo door design flaw 102 The flight was headed to London Heathrow and most of the passengers were British176 Llannerch Cwmnantddu 1890 6 February Colliery gas explosion near Pontypool Monmouthshire after the mine refused safety lamps by its MD two months earlier173 Bethnal Green tube station panic 1943 3 March Crowd stampede caused by British anti aircraft battery salvo172 HMS Serpent 1890 9 November Royal Navy torpedo cruiser launched in 1887 shipwrecked off Camarinas Galicia168 Burns Pit Disaster 1909 16 February Mining disaster at Stanley County Durham167 Piper Alpha 1988 6 July Oil platform gas leak explosion and fire 30m above cold seas in the North Sea164 Seaham Colliery accident 1880 8 September Mining accident at Seaham County Durham163 103 The John Bodkin Adams murders 1946 1956 Though controversially acquitted in court of the murder of a patient in 1957 Doctor John Bodkin Adams is widely suspected to have murdered around 163 of his patients over 10 years 104 160 1991 London smog 1991 12 15 December 105 157 Deutschland 1875 6 December Shipwrecked during a blizzard on Kentish Knock sandbank Thames Estuary Tugboat rescue delayed until the next day most died of hypothermia155 Minnie Pit disaster 1918 12 January Mining disaster at Podmore Hall Halmer End Staffordshire150 Clifford s Tower fire massacre 1190 16 March Massacre of Jews in York by a mob146 Risca Blackvein Disaster 1860 1 December Coal mining disaster at Risca Monmouthshire caused by a gas explosion146 Dan Air Flight 1008 1980 25 April Air traffic control instructed the plane to fly an unpublished holding pattern which led the plane into the dangerously high terrain of Mount Esperanza Tenerife146 Aberfan disaster 1966 21 October Coal waste spoil tip collapsed onto a junior school Glamorganshire143 Swaithe Main Colliery disaster 1875 6 December Mining disaster at Worsbrough Yorkshire141 SS Berlin 1907 21 February Great Eastern Railway steamship out of Harwich wrecked off Hook of Holland140 HMS Condor 1901 3 December Ship lost with all hands in a gale off Vancouver Island140 2004 Indian Ocean earthquake and tsunami 2004 26 December UK victims only see Countries affected by the 2004 Indian Ocean earthquake139 George III 1835 12 April Convict ship wrecked in D Entrecasteaux Channel Tasmania139 Combs Pit disaster 1893 4 July Mining disaster at Thornhill Yorkshire137 National Shell Filling Factory explosion 1918 1 July Munitions explosion at Chilwell in Nottinghamshire Eight tons of TNT exploded136 Wellington Pit disaster 1910 11 May Coal mining disaster at Whitehaven Cumberland135 Fifth cholera pandemic 1893 The last outbreak of cholera in Britain took place in 1893 14 135 Alexander 1815 27 March Ship out of Bombay wrecked near Portland within sight of shore The ship was caught in a gale and ran aground at night133 Amphitrite 1833 31 August Convict ship from Woolwich to Australia wrecked off Boulogne133 MV Princess Victoria 1953 31 January Early roll on roll off ferry disaster in the North Channel during a storm 131 Lincoln typhoid fever epidemic 1904 November 1905 April 130 Rothsay Castle 1831 18 August Paddle steamer from Liverpool shipwrecked in the Menai Strait under the command of a drunken captain 129 John Franklin s Northwest Passage expedition 1845 1848 HMS Erebus and HMS Terror caught in pack ice the crews endured botulism lead poisoning and cannibalism before starvation 128 TSMS Lakonia 1963 22 December Caught fire and sank off Madeira Resulted in 98 mainly British passenger deaths plus 33 crew fatalities 128 HMS Gladiator 1908 25 April Shipwrecked in a collision with an American steamship during a snowstorm Isle of Wight 125 HMS Primrose 1809 22 January Shipwrecked on The Manacles Cornwall 125 SS Hilda 1905 18 November London and South Western Railway steamship wrecked in snow squalls off Saint Malo 124 BOAC Flight 911 1966 5 March Aircraft broke up in flight near Mount Fuji Japan A significant percentage of the fatalities were American and Japanese citizens 124 SS Daphne 1883 3 July Capsized during her ship naming and launching River Clyde Glasgow 123 Ocean Queen 1856 February Clipper ship out of London disappeared in the Atlantic Ocean 121 Dunbar 1857 20 August Clipper out of Plymouth wrecked at Sydney Cove Australia 120 New Risca pit explosion 1880 5 July Coal mining disaster Risca Monmouthshire 120 Bibighar Massacre 1857 15 July Massacre of European women and children at Cawnpore Kanpur India during the Indian Rebellion of 1857 119 National Colliery explosion 1905 11 July Coal mine explosion at Wattstown Rhondda Valley Glamorganshire 118 British European Airways Flight 548 1972 18 June Crashed into a field at Staines Possible heart attack suffered by the pilot after takeoff 114 Cymmer Colliery explosion 1856 15 July Coal mine explosion at Cymmer Porth Glamorganshire 112 Parc Slip Colliery gas explosion 1892 26 August Gas explosion due to a damaged Davy lamp Tondu Glamorganshire112 SS Stella 1899 30 March London and South Western Railway steamship wrecked on a granite reef in fog at full speed sinking in 8 minutes at the Casquets Channel Islands 112 Harrow and Wealdstone rail crash 1952 8 October Three trains collided in patchy fog in morning rush hour Death toll second only to Quintinshill rail crash 106 112 Dan Air Flight 1903 1970 3 July De Havilland Comet crashed into a mountain in Catalonia Spain111 Caledonian Airways Flight 153 1962 4 March Crashed after take off from Douala Cameroon110 107 RMS Amazon 1851 1852 4 January Steam engine of a wooden mail paddle steamer caught fire in the Bay of Biscay109 Faversham gunpowder mill explosion 1916 2 April 108 Invicta International Airlines Flight 435 1973 10 April Crashed into a forested snowy hillside near Hochwald Switzerland106 SS Mohegan 1898 14 October Shipwrecked off The Manacles Cornwall104 William Pit disaster 1947 15 August Coal mining disaster at Whitehaven Cumberland 108 104 HMS Brazen 1800 26 January Shipwrecked off Newhaven Sussex 102 Pelican 1793 20 March Sank in the River Mersey 102 HMS Feversham 1711 7 October Shipwrecked off Scatarie Island Louisbourg Nova Scotia 101 Naval Steam Colliery explosion 1880 10 December Colliery explosion Tonypandy Rhondda Valley 4 bodies unidentified 109 100 HMS Lizard 1748 27 February Wrecked on the Seven Stones reef 110 100 to 240 111 112 113 Windscale fire 1957 10 October deaths up to decades later One of the world s worst nuclear accidents 111 Radioactive material released causing many local cancer deaths in the long term 114 Number of deaths disputed 114 100 Battle of May Island 1918 31 January 1 February Two Royal Navy submarines sunk after collisions during naval exercise100 Moray Firth fishing disaster 1848 19 August Open hulled fishing fleet storm disaster100 HMS Confiance 1822 21 September 36 gun 393 ton brig sloop was wrecked between Mizen Head and Three Castles Head at the south westernmost point of Ireland100 115 Avalanche 1877 11 September Ship out of London for Wellington New Zealand collided with American Forest Queen off Isle of Portland English Channel both sinking with a further 20 casualties from the Forest QueenFewer than 100 fatalities EditDeaths Italics indicate anestimated figure Event Year Notes99 Meikle Ferry disaster 1809 16 August Over laden ferryboat sank in Dornoch Firth Scotland99 HMS Thetis submarine disaster 1939 1 June Flooded through torpedo tube during pre war sea trials Liverpool Bay salvaged but sunk by depth charges with all hands in 194398 Edmond 1850 19 November A chartered passenger sailing vessel sunk at Edmond Point in Kilkee Co Clare with 216 on board98 Britannia Airways Flight 105 1966 1 September Britannia Airways Bristol Britannia G ANBB from London Luton Airport aircrash at Ljubljana97 Hillsborough Stadium Disaster 1989 15 April 97 people died after being crushed against perimeter fencing after thousands of people tried to enter the stadium through a narrow tunnel95 Haswell Colliery explosion 1844 28 September County Durham95 Fatal Vespers 1623 26 October Floor collapse at house in Blackfriars London being used as a chapel94 Carlingford Lough disaster 1916 3 November SS Connemara and a coalship SS Retriever collided and sank Carlingford Lough County Down93 St Scholastica Day riot Oxford 1355 10 12 February A town and gown dispute over beer escalates over three days92 Felling mine disaster County Durham 1812 25 May Firedamp explosion ushers in safety lamps by George Stephenson and Humphry Davy91 Carrick on Suir disaster 1799 9 February Barge capsize under bridge in Ireland 116 91 Cadeby Main pit disaster 1912 9 July Two underground coal mine explosions at Cadeby South Yorkshire90 Lewisham rail crash 1957 4 December Railway signals missed in the rush hour fog88 Armagh rail disaster 1889 12 June 10 runaway railway passenger cars on a Sunday School day trip88 1967 Air Ferry DC 4 accident 1967 3 June Douglas C 54 G APYK from Kent International Airport Mont Canigou France87 Morfa Mine Port Talbot 1890 10 March Glamorganshire Colliery gas explosion86 SS Egypt 1922 20 May Shipwreck off Ushant Brittany85 Rohilla 1914 30 October Ran aground off Whitby with a survivor of the sinking of the RMS Titanic two years earlier rescued again84 British Eagle 1964 29 February International Airlines aircrash Bristol Britannia G AOVO from London Heathrow Airport Innsbruck Austria 84 Paisley canal disaster 1810 10 November Canal pleasure boat capsize Paisley Scotland83 East Side pit Senghenydd 1901 24 May Glamorganshire Colliery gas explosion precursor to the 1913 disaster81 Mardy Colliery Rhondda Valley 1885 23 December Glamorganshire mining disaster81 Easington Colliery 1951 29 May County Durham coal mine explosion 81 Holmfirth Flood 1852 5 February Bilberry Reservoir collapsed Holme Valley West Yorkshire80 PS Queen Victoria 1853 15 February Wrecked below a lighthouse in a night time snowstorm off Howth Head Dublin80 Llandow air disaster 1950 12 March Fairflight Avro Tudor G AKBY Sigginstone Glamorganshire with returning Welsh Rugby Union supporters on board highest confirmed death toll of any civil aviation disaster up to that date 80 Creswell Colliery 1950 26 September Mining accident caused by smoke inhalation Creswell Derbyshire79 Great Yarmouth Suspension bridge 1846 2 May Collapse above a river killing children watching a clown79 British Admiral out of Liverpool wrecked off Tasmania 1874 23 May 79 HMS Glatton 1918 16 September Wrecked by accidental explosion Dover harbour79 Markham Colliery disaster 1938 10 May Underground explosion Derbyshire78 Burwell Cambridgeshire Barn fire 1727 8 September Occurred during a puppet show with the doors nailed shut77 Ocean Home 1856 5 September American ship sinks after collision with Cherubim off Lizard Point Cornwall77 Diglake Colliery Disaster 1895 14 January Inrush of water into Diglake Colliery North Staffordshire76 Third plague pandemic 1896 1926 Series of outbreaks across Britain and Ireland as part of a pandemic with Glasgow and Suffolk being particularly badly affected the last death of plague in Britain occurred in 1926 117 118 76 Maypole Colliery disaster 1908 18 August Underground explosion at Abram Lancashire75 Tay Bridge disaster 1879 28 December Cast iron bridge collapse with a train crossing during an evening storm Dundee75 HMS Affray 1951 17 April Mysterious submarine disaster in English Channel75 STV Royston Grange 1972 11 May A Houlder Line cargo liner destroyed by fire after a collision with Liberian registered tanker Tien Chee in the Rio de la Plata74 SS Naronic 1893 19 February Lost at sea possibly due to iceberg strike off Nova Scotia out of Liverpool with no Wireless Telegraph to make a distress call73 Udston mining disaster 1887 28 May Hamilton Scotland firedamp explosion73 Silvertown explosion 1917 19 January Explosion in a TNT factory in West Ham 2 72 Stockport Air Disaster 1967 4 June British Midland Airways Argonaut G ALHG an unrecognised flaw in the fuel system made the plane returning from Majorca uncontrollable 72 Grenfell Tower fire 2017 14 June Residential tower block in North Kensington London 119 71 Glen Cinema Disaster 1929 31 December Paisley Scotland 120 70 1900 English beer poisoning 1900 6 000 people poisoned by consuming arsenic tainted beer with Manchester being the worst affected area 121 70 Great Gale of 1871 1871 10 February Bridlington 100 shipwrecks incl Royal National Lifeboat Harbinger plus other losses at sea estimated total of 70 marine fatalities70 RAF Fauld 1944 27 November Munitions explosion during World War II Staffordshire 122 69 HMS M1 1925 12 November Submarine wreck in collision with Swedish surface vessel off Plymouth69 123 Trimdon Grange colliery disaster 1882 16 February Underground explosion in County Durham67 September 11 2001 attacks 2001 11 September UK victims only 66 BEA Comet G ARCO bombing 1967 12 October Off Rhodes all nationalities 3 66 Ibrox disaster 1971 2 January Compressive asphyxia spectator crush on stairway at Ibrox Park football stadium Glasgow65 Theatre Royal Dunlop Street Glasgow 1849 17 February Panic ensuing from a false fire alarm65 Cherokee class brig sloop HMS Jasper 1817 20 January Wrecked in hurricane force winds on either Rame Head Cornwall or Bear s Head Mount Batten Devon 124 64 Middle Duffryn Mine 1852 14 May Colliery explosion near Aberdare Glamorganshire 125 64 Masbrough boat disaster 1841 5 July John and William overturns on launch near Rotherham 126 64 HMS Truculent 1950 12 January Submarine collision on the surface Thames Estuary survivors died of hypothermia on mid winter mudbanks63 British Airways Flight 576 1976 10 September Mid air collision with Inex Adria Aviopromet Flight 550 above Zagreb caused by ATC error 127 63 Peckfield Colliery Disaster 1896 30 April Micklefield Yorkshire63 Victoria coal pit Nitshill near Glasgow 1851 15 March Explosion 128 63 Great Western Mine 1893 11 April Rhondda Valley Colliery mining disaster South Wales63 BEA Flight 706 aircrash 1971 2 October A Vickers Vanguard G APEC flight 706 Aarsele Belgium63 Mauricewood Colliery disaster 1889 5 September Underground fire Penicuik Scotland 129 63 Dinas Rhondda 1879 13 January Colliery gas explosion at Llantrisant Rhondda Valley Glamorganshire 130 62 PS Comet II 1825 21 October Sank in collision off Gourock Scotland61 SS Thames 1841 4 January Steamship shipwrecked in a night time storm Isles of Scilly61 Freckleton Air Disaster 1944 23 August A USAAF Consolidated B 24 Liberator heavy bomber crashed into a village school in a storm Freckleton Lancashire 3 aircrew 58 ground fatalities 60 Harwich ferry disaster 1807 18 April A grossly overladen coastal vessel capsizes while transporting soldiers and their families60 Dalhousie 1853 October Blackwall frigate sank off Beachy Head60 HMS M2 British M class submarine 1932 26 January Floods through her Parnall Peto seaplane hangar doors Lyme Bay58 Wharncliffe Woodmoor Colliery 1936 6 August Underground explosion caused by an electrical fault58 Garland of Topsham 1649 30 January A vessel carrying Charles I s possessions wrecked on Godrevy Island Cornwall 131 57 Tylorstown 1896 27 January Rhondda Valley Colliery mining disaster South Wales57 Sneyd Colliery Disaster 1942 1 January Burslem Staffordshire57 HMS K5 1921 24 January A submarine sank in deep water 120 miles south west of the Isles of Scilly during sea trials56 Bradford City stadium fire 1985 11 May Bradford City A F C s Valley Parade stadium caught fire after a discarded cigarette set fire to rubbish underneath the wooden stands56 7 July 2005 London bombings 2005 7 July By suicide bombers on public transport55 Manchester air disaster 1985 22 August Flight 28M a Boeing 737 236 engine fire before takeoff on a holiday flight to Corfu53 Second Ferndale Colliery disaster 1869 10 June Explosion in Rhondda Valley Glamorganshire53 Great fire of Newcastle and Gateshead 1854 6 October Firestorm and explosion52 Lletty Shenkin Colliery Cwmbach 1849 10 August Underground explosion Aberdare South Wales 132 52 Yellow fever outbreak HMS Firebrand 1861 July West Indies 133 52 Loch Ard 1878 1 June A clipper out of Gravesend Kent wrecked off Loch Ard Gorge just off the Shipwreck Coast of Victoria Australia in thick fog52 HMS Wasp 1884 22 September Wrecked on Tory Island County Donegal52 Marine Colliery 1927 1 March Gwm near Ebbw Vale Monmouthshire coal mine disaster51 Colney Hatch Lunatic Asylum fire London 1903 27 January In an early psychiatric hospital holding up to 3 500 patients51 Marchioness disaster River Thames 1989 20 August A pleasure boat rammed by a dredger under a bridge51 St Hilda Colliery South Shields coal pit explosion 1839 28 June 134 50 Winter of 1962 63 1962 63 One of the coldest winters on record in the United Kingdom The river Thames froze solid 135 50 Ariana Afghan Airlines Flight 701 aircrash 1969 5 January Crashed into a house Boeing 727 YA FAR Gatwick50 Summerland fire disaster 1973 2 August Douglas Isle of Man a fire in a leisure centre50 Whiddy Island disaster 1979 8 January Explosion of oil tanker Betelguese in Bantry Bay Ireland49 SS Nile 1854 30 November All the crew and passengers died when she hit The Stones reef off Godrevy Head Cornwall leading to building of the lighthouse 136 49 Booth s clothing factory fire Huddersfield 1941 31 October Fire at a major clothing factory in Huddersfield West Riding of Yorkshire 137 49 HMS Punjabi collision with the battleship HMS King George V 1942 1 May Sinking 469 miles north west of Shetland 49 Hither Green rail crash 1967 5 November In London a broken rail caused derailment of an express train48 Stardust fire 1981 14 February A nightclub fire in Artane Dublin 841 people had attended a disco there of whom 48 died and 214 were injured as a result of the fire48 A British Eagle International Airlines Vickers Viscount 1968 9 August En route from London to Innsbruck Austria breaks up in mid air over Bavaria47 138 Burns Day Storm 1990 25 January Violent storm that started on Burns day and affected north western Europe hurricane force winds in some areas47 Emma 1828 29 February Capsizes after launching Mersey and Irwell Navigation Manchester 139 47 Gethin Pit disaster 1862 19 February First of two underground colliery explosions at Abercanaid near Merthyr Tydfil South Wales47 R101 airship crash 1930 5 October Beauvais France47 SS Samtampa 1947 23 April Wrecked off Sker Point in the Bristol Channel death toll includes 8 crew of Mumbles lifeboat 47 Auchengeich coal mining disaster 1959 18 September Auchinloch Lanarkshire Scotland47 Kegworth Air Disaster 1989 8 January British Midland Flight 92 Leicestershire the pilot shut down the wrong engine just missed the M1 Motorway 47 1973 Nantes mid air collision 1973 5 March British victims only Two aircraft heading to London Heathrow collided due to ATC error 140 46 Wreck of Confederate States of America blockade runner PS Lelia 1865 14 January 39 fatalities and lifeboat crew 7 fatalities in Liverpool Bay45 Bentley Coal mine disaster 1931 20 November Bentley South Yorkshire45 Six Bells Colliery Disaster 1960 28 June Aberbeeg Monmouthshire45 Aquila Airways Short Solent flying boat crash 1957 15 November Isle of Wight45 Sumburgh disaster 1986 6 November A Brent oilfield CH 47 Chinook helicopter crashed at sea45 PS Nimrod 1860 28 February An Irish steamer sank off St David s Head45 Cleggan Bay Disaster 1927 27 October A strong gale killed 45 fishermen off the coast of County Galway44 R38 ZR 2 airship crash 1921 24 August River Humber near Hull44 MV Derbyshire 1980 9 September Bibby Line bulk carrier sank during Typhoon Orchid south of Japan by tonnage the largest UK flagged ship loss 43 Croydon typhoid outbreak of 1937 1937 October December Outbreak originating from a polluted chalk water well 341 cases 141 43 Bourne End rail crash 1945 30 September Derailment taking crossover at speed near Hemel Hempstead Hertfordshire driver had worked for 26 consecutive days43 Moorgate tube crash 1975 28 February London Underground train runs at speed into dead end tunnel in the morning rush hour41 Little Baldon air crash 1965 6 July Handley Page Hastings aircraft crashed at Little Baldon Oxfordshire during parachute training flight from RAF Abingdon caused by metal fatigue40 Garden Pit Disaster 1844 14 February 40 men and boys are crushed or drowned when water from the River Cleddau broke through the roof of their coalmine at Landshipping Pembrokeshire Wales 142 40 Regent s Park ice skating disaster 1867 15 January Ice covering the boating lake collapsed and 200 people plunged in 143 40 Low Moor Explosion 1916 21 August Explosion at a picric acid plant producing explosives for the war effort in the First World War 144 See also EditEuropean windstorm List of accidents and disasters by death toll worldwide List of accidents and incidents involving commercial aircraft List of disasters in Antarctica by death toll List of disasters in Australia by death toll List of disasters in Canada by death toll List of disasters in Croatia by death toll List of disasters in New Zealand by death toll List of disasters in Poland by death toll List of disasters in the United States by death toll List of fires List of lifeboat disasters in Britain and Ireland List of natural disasters in the British Isles List of rail accidents in the United Kingdom List of rail accidents worldwide List of riots List of terrorist incidents List of train accidents by death toll List of wars and anthropogenic disasters by death toll worldwide Lists of shipwrecks United Kingdom casualties of warNotes Edit Military and civilian casualties from conflicts in which the United Kingdom was involved are listed at United Kingdom casualties of war Assuming the population of England as 21 361 235 1871 census and of Scotland as 3 360 018 1871 census Estimate of mortality in Britain While the annual government statistics in these years all record the number of people who died whilst being infected with HIV only the two most recent reports 2018 and 2019 specify the number of these deaths that are assumed to be attributable to AIDS defining illnesses However the most recent report 2019 specifies that 22 to 47 of deaths of those living with a HIV infection can be assumed to have been as a result of an AIDS defining illness and using these figures it can be estimated that approximately 832 1494 have died from AIDS defining illness between 2013 and 2018 References Edit Jim Donnelly 2011 The Irish Famine BBC Archived from the original on 30 January 2020 Retrieved 23 December 2019 Sir William Wilde Table of Cosmical Phenomena pp 124 32 Dickson The other great famine in Cathal Poirteir ed The Great Irish Famine 1955 Mercier Press pp 53 55 and David Dickson The gap in famines a useful myth in E Margaret Crawford ed Famine the Irish experience Edinburgh John Donald 1989 pp 97 98 Our cold snap was nothing compared to the Great Irish Frost of 1740 independent ie Archived from the original on 4 October 2017 Retrieved 1 April 2018 The Great Frost and Forgotten Famine irishtimes com Archived from the original on 18 September 2018 Retrieved 1 April 2018 British Influenza Epidemic of 1918 19 in Encyclopedia of 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19 June 2018 External links EditAviation Safety Network database Ships List wrecks site Durham Mining Museum site Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title List of disasters in Great Britain and Ireland by death toll amp oldid 1136639650, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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