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List of companies founded by Massachusetts Institute of Technology alumni

November 14, 2023

This is a list of companies founded by Massachusetts Institute of Technology alumni, including attendees who enrolled in degree-programs at MIT but did not eventually graduate. This list is not exhaustive, as it only includes notable companies of which the founding and development history is well recorded by reliable sources. In particular, subsidiaries are listed with their owners in parentheses.

MIT is one of the leading universities worldwide in attracting funding for start-up companies, and its alumni have founded numerous companies.[1][2][3][4] According to PitchBook, from 2006 to 2017, MIT produced 907 company founders as alumni or current students, creating 780 companies, third most among all universities in the world.[5][6] In addition, according to a report of MIT Sloan School of Management in 2015, some 30,000 companies founded by MIT alumni were active, employing 4.6 million people and producing annual revenues of $1.9 trillion, roughly equivalent to the 10th-largest economy in the world (2014).[1][7] Approximately 40% of MIT founders are serial entrepreneurs, starting multiple companies, and 23% of MIT alumni's new companies are founded outside the United States.[1]

In this list, founders of a company which merged with other companies to form a new company are counted as founders of the new company. However, founders of a company which later dissolved into several successor companies are not counted as founders of those successor companies; this same rule applies to spin-off companies. Finally, a defunct company is a company that stopped functioning completely (e.g., bankrupt) without dissolving, merging or being acquired.

Top companies by revenues edit

Fortune Global 500 (2017) edit

This list shows companies in Fortune Global 500 founded or co-founded by MIT alumni. The cut-off revenue for 2017 Fortune Global 500 companies is $21,609M in 2016.[8]

Company Region Fortune Global 500

(2017)[8]

 Revenue in US$ millions

(2016)[8]

 Type Category Year founded Comments
– Koch Industries* United States 54 100,000 Private Conglomerate 1940 † Equivalently[9]
1 Boeing** United States 60 94,571 Public Aerospace 1921 (Douglas Aircraft Company)

1939 (McDonnell Aircraft)

2 Intel United States 144 59,387 Public Semiconductor 1968
3 HP Inc. United States 194 48,238 Public Technology 1939
4 TSMC Taiwan 369 29,388 Public Semiconductor 1987
5 Raytheon United States 449 24,069 Public Weapons/defense 1922
6 Qualcomm United States 460 23,554 Public Technology 1985

*: Koch Industries is not listed in Fortune Global 500. Its revenue is provided by Forbes.

**: Merger of different companies, at least one of which was founded by MIT alumni.

Fortune 1000 (2017) edit

This list shows companies in Fortune 1000 (only for companies within the U.S.) founded or co-founded by MIT alumni. The cut-off revenue for 2017 Fortune 1000 companies is $1,791M in 2016.[10]

Company Fortune 1000

(2017)[10]

 Revenue in US$ millions

(2016)[10]

 Type Category Year founded Comments
– Koch Industries* 23 100,000 Private Conglomerate 1940 † Equivalently[9]
1 Boeing** 24 94,571 Public Aerospace 1921 (Douglas Aircraft Company)

1939 (McDonnell Aircraft)

2 Intel 47 59,387 Public Semiconductor 1968
3 HP Inc. 61 48,238 Public Technology 1939
4 Raytheon 116 24,069 Public Weapons/defense 1922
5 Qualcomm 119 23,554 Public Technology 1985
6 Thermo Fisher Scientific** 154 18,274 Public Technology 1956 (Thermo Electron)
7 Texas Instruments 206 13,370 Public Semiconductor 1930
8 BlackRock 255 11,155 Public Investment Management 1988
9 Lam Research 440 5,886 Public Semiconductor 1980
10 Blackstone Group 503 5,126 Public Financial services 1985
– Bose Corporation* 608 3,800 Private Electronics/technology 1964 † Equivalently[9]
11 Analog Devices 660 3,421 Public Semiconductor 1965
12 Gartner (Group), Inc. 821 2,445 Public IT journalism 1979
13 Cabot Corporation 829 2,411 Public Chemicals 1882
14 Akamai Technologies 851 2,340 Public Internet/technology 1998
15 E-Trade 930 2,026 Public Finance 1982

*: Koch Industries and Bose Corporation are not listed in Fortune 1000. Their revenues are given by Forbes.

**: Merger of different companies, at least one of which was founded by MIT alumni.

Former Fortune-listed companies edit

For each company, only the latest rankings (up to three years) are shown in this list.

Company Fortune Global 500 Fortune 1000 Type Category Year founded
1 Digital Equipment Corporation 331 (1998) 275 (1997) 279 (1996)[11] 118 (1998) 78 (1997) 77 (1996)[12] Acquired Computer hardware 1957
2 EMC 436 (2016) 487 (2015)[13] - 113 (2016) 121 (2015) 128 (2014)[14] Acquired Computer hardware 1979
3 Gillette 491 (2000) 442 (1999) 454 (1998)[11] 215 (2005) 215 (2004) 218 (2003)[15] Acquired Consumer products 1901
4 Apollo Computer - - - 423 (1989) 454 (1988)[16] - Acquired Hardware 1980
– International Data Group* - - - 613 (2016)*[17][18] - - Acquired Media/technology 1964
5 Teradyne - - - 824 (2005) 921 (2004) 941 (2003)[19] Public Electronics 1960
6 3Com - - - 827 (2003) 596 (2002) 294 (2000)[20] Acquired Technology 1979
7 American Power Conversion - - - 815 (2006)[21] 854 (2005) 867 (2004)[22] Acquired Hardware 1981
8 LinkedIn - - - 945 (2015)[23] - - Acquired Social media 2002
9 Fairchild Semiconductor - - - 984 (2008) 963 (2007) 886 (2005)[24] Acquired Semiconductor 1957

*: "International Data Group" is not listed in Fortune 1000. Its revenue ($3,800M, 2015) is given by Forbes, making it equivalent to the 613th position in Fortune 1000 (2016).

Timeline edit

Index edit

This index also contains companies listed in section "Notable defunct & dissolved".

Year Companies founded
2018 Spyce
2016 Scale AI
2014 Amplitude
2012 Coursera Onshape Toast
2011 Formlabs
2010 Moderna
2009 Ginkgo Bioworks Ksplice
2008 Clover Food Lab
2007 Dropbox
2006 Buzzfeed HubSpot Khan Academy
2005 Eye-Fi HuffPost
2004 FireEye Grubhub
2003 Kiva Systems
2002 Coverity LinkedIn PhillyCarShare

(Enterprise CarShare)

2001 OkCupid Two Sigma
2000 Zipcar
1999 Cambridge Innovation Center Coatue Management SparkNotes Upwork
1998 Akamai Technologies VMware
1997 E Ink
1996 Alexa Internet Inktomi Internet Archive ITA Software Kurzweil Educational Systems PlanetAll
Sohu
1995 Constant Contact Harmonix
1994 Infoseek Vermeer Technologies
1993 SolidWorks
1992 Boston Dynamics Macsyma, Inc. Wildfire Communications
1991 Art Technology Group
1990 Electronic Frontier Foundation iRobot
1988 BlackRock Cambridge SoundWorks
1987 Avid TSMC
1986 Frame Technology Corp.
1985 Blackstone Group Computervision Free Software Foundation Qualcomm
1983 Encore Computer Thinking Machines Corporation
1982 E*Trade Kurzweil Music Systems Lotus Development Corporation Renaissance Technologies
1981 American Power Conversion
1980 Apollo Computer Lam Research Stellar Computer

(Stardent Inc.)

1979 3Com EMC Gartner (Group), Inc. Infocom Lisp Machines Software Arts
1978 InterSystems Personal Software/Visicorp

(Paladin Software)

1976 Genentech
1972 Kleiner Perkins Caufield & Byers Prime Computer
1969 Applicon SofTech
1968 Evans & Sutherland Intel
1967 Advent Corporation Analogic Corporation Psychology Today
1965 Analog Devices Boston Phoenix

(Boston After Dark)

1964 Bose Corporation International Data Group
1960 Teradyne
1957 Digital Equipment Corporation Fairchild Semiconductor KLH Adage, Inc.
1956 Thermo Electron

(Thermo Fisher Scientific)

1954 Acoustic Research
1940 Koch Industries
1939 HP Inc.

(Hewlett-Packard)

McDonnell Aircraft

(Boeing)

1932 Draper Laboratory
1930 Texas Instruments
1926 Sprague Electric
1922 Raytheon
1921 Douglas Aircraft Company

(Boeing)

1901 Gillette
1889 Stone & Webster
1886 Arthur D. Little Shepley, Rutan and Coolidge
1882 Cabot Corporation
1877 Samuel Cabot Incorporated

2000–present edit

Company Type Stock Category Year founded Total founders Founder/co-founder from MIT
Amplitude Public NASDAQ: AMPL Software 2014 2 [25]
  1. Co-founder Spenser Skates (B.S.)
  2. Co-founder Curtis Liu (B.S.) [26]
Buzzfeed Private Online media 2006 2[27]
  1. Co-founder Jonah Peretti (M.S)[27]
Clover Food Lab Private Restaurant 2008 1[28]
  1. Ayr Muir (B.S, M.S)[28]
Coursera Public NYSE: COUR Education/technology 2012 2[29]
  1. Co-founder Andrew Ng (M.S)[30]
Coverity (NASDQ: SNPS) Security/technology 2002 3[citation needed]
  1. Co-founder Dawson Engler (PhD)[31]
Dropbox Public Nasdaq: DBX Web service 2007 2[32]
  1. Drew Houston (B.S)[33]
  2. Arash Ferdowsi (undergraduate attendee)[34]
Eye-Fi Private Computer hardware 2005 4[citation needed]
  1. Co-founder Yuval Koren (B.S)[35]
FireEye Public Nasdaq: FEYE Security/technology 2004 1[36]
  1. Ashar Aziz (B.S)[37]
Formlabs Private 3D printing 2011 3[38]
  1. Maxim Lobovsky (M.S.)
  2. Natan Linder (PhD)
  3. David Cranor (M.S.)[39]
FTX Private Cryptocurrency exchange 2019 2[40]
  1. Co-founder Sam Bankman-Fried (B.S)
  2. Co-founder Gary Wang (B.S)
Ginkgo Bioworks Public NYSE: DNA Biotechnology 2009 5[41]
  1. Jason Kelly (B.S, PhD)[42]
  2. Reshma Shetty (PhD)
  3. Barry Canton (PhD)
  4. Austin Che (PhD)[43]
  5. Tom Knight (B.S, M.S, PhD)
Grubhub Public NYSE: GRUB Delivery services 2004 2[44]
  1. Co-founder Michael Evans (B.S, M.S)[45]
HubSpot Public NYSE: HUBS Software 2006 2[46][47]
  1. Brian Halligan (M.B.A)[46]
  2. Dharmesh Shah (M.S)[47]
HuffPost Private Online media 2005 4[citation needed]
  1. Co-founder Jonah Peretti (M.S)[48]
Khan Academy Non-profit Education 2006 1[49]
  1. Sal Khan (B.S, M.S)[50]
Kiva Systems (NASDAQ: AMZN) Technology 2003 3[51]
  1. Co-founder Mick Mountz (B.S)[52]
  2. Co-founder Pete Wurman (B.S)[53]
LinkedIn (NASDAQ: MSFT) Social media 2002 5[54]
  1. Co-founder Eric Ly (M.S)[55]
Meraki (Cisco Meraki) Networking 2006 3 [56]
  1. Co-founder Sanjit Biswas
  2. Co-founder John Bicket
  3. Co-founder Hans Robertson
Moderna Public NASDAQ: MRNA Biotechnology 2010 5[57]
  1. Co-founder Robert Langer (PhD)
Noodle.ai Enterprise Artificial Intelligence 2016 5[citation needed]
  1. Co-founder Matt Denesuk[citation needed]
OkCupid (NASDAQ: IAC) Dating service 2001[58] 4[59]
  1. Co-founder Max Krohn (PhD)[60]
Onshape Private Software 2012 6[61]
  1. Co-founder Jon Hirschtick (B.S, M.S)[62]
  2. Co-founder Michael Lauer (PhD)[61]
PhillyCarShare

/Enterprise CarShare

(Enterprise Holdings) Car sharing 2002 5[63]
  1. Co-founder Clayton Lane (M.S)[64]
Samsara Public NYSE: IOT Internet of things 2015 2 [65]
  1. Co-founder Sanjit Biswas
  2. Co-founder John Bicket
Scale AI Private Software 2016 2 [66]
  1. Co-founder Alexandr Wang (undergraduate attendee) [67]
Spyce Private Restaurant 2018 [68] 3 [69]
  1. Co-founder Kale Rogers
  2. Co-founder Brady Knight
  3. Co-founder Luke Schlueter
  4. Co-founder Michael Farid [70]
Toast Public NYSE: TOST Software 2012 2[71]
  1. Co-founder Steve Fredette
  2. Co-founder Aman Narang
Two Sigma Private Finance 2001 3[72]
  1. Co-founder David Siegel (PhD)[72][73]
Zipcar (NASDAQ: CAR) Car rental 2000 2[74]
  1. Co-founder Robin Chase (M.B.A)[75]

1980–1999 edit

Company Type Stock Category Year founded Total founders Founder/co-founder from MIT
Akamai Technologies Public NASDAQ: AKAM Internet/technology 1998 4[76]
  1. Co-founder Tom Leighton (PhD)[77]
  2. Co-founder Daniel Lewin (M.S)[78]
  3. Co-founder Jonathan Seelig (M.B.A Attendee)[76]
Alexa Internet (NASDAQ: AMZN) Web analytics 1996 2[79]
  1. Brewster Kahle (B.S)[80]
  2. Bruce Gilliat (Unknown)[81]
American Power Conversion Public (Euronext Paris: SU) Hardware 1981 3[82]
  1. Emanuel Landsman (B.S, M.S, Ph.D)[83]
  2. Ervin F. Lyon III (M.S, Ph.D)[84]
  3. Neil E. Rasmussen (B.S, M.S)[85][86]
Apollo Computer (NYSE: HPQ) Hardware 1980 1[87]
  1. William Poduska (B.S, M.S, Sc.D)[88]
Art Technology Group (NYSE: ORCL) Computer software 1991 2[citation needed]
  1. Jeet Singh (B.S)[89]
  2. Joseph T. Chung (B.S, M.S)[90]
Avid Public NASDAQ: AVID Computer software 1987 1[91]
  1. William J. Warner (B.S)[92]
BlackRock Public NYSE: BLK Investment management 1988 8[93]
  1. Co-founder Ben Golub (B.S, M.S, PhD)[94]
Blackstone Group Public NYSE: BX Financial services 1985 2[95]
  1. Co-founder Peter Peterson (undergraduate attendee)[96]
Cambridge Innovation Center Private Real estate 1999 2[97]
  1. Timothy Rowe (M.B.A)[98]
  2. Andrew Olmsted (M.B.A)[99]
Cambridge SoundWorks Private Electronics 1988 2[100]
  1. Co-founder Henry Kloss (undergraduate attendee)[100][101]
Coatue Management Private Hedge fund 1999 1[102]
  1. Philippe P. Laffont (B.S, M.S)[102]
Computervision (NASDAQ: PTC) Software 1985 2[103]
  1. Co-founder Philippe Villers (M.S)[104]
Constant Contact (NASDAQ: EIGI) Web services 1995 1[105]
  1. Randy Parker (B.S)[105]
E Ink Private Technology 1997 5[106]
  1. Co-founder J.D. Albert (B.S)[107]
  2. Co-founder Barrett Comiskey (B.S)[107]
  3. Co-founder Joseph Jacobson (PhD)[107]
E*Trade Public NASDAQ: ETFC Finance 1982 2[108]
  1. Co-founder William A. Porter (M.B.A)[109]
Electronic Frontier Foundation Non-profit Civic 1990 3[110]
  1. Co-founder Mitch Kapor (M.B.A. Attendee)[111]
Encore Computer (COMPRO Computer Services) Parallel computing 1983 3[112]
  1. Co-founder Gordon Bell (B.S, M.S)[113]
Frame Technology Corp. (NASDAQ: ADBE) Computer software 1986 1[citation needed]
  1. Steve Kirsch (B.S, M.S)[114]
Free Software Foundation Non-profit Computer software 1985 1[115]
  1. Richard Stallman (Graduate Attendee)[115]
Harmonix Private Video game 1995 2[116]
  1. Alex Rigopulos (B.S., M.S)[116]
  2. Eran Egozy (B.S, M.S)[117]
Infoseek (NYSE: DIS) Web search 1994 1[118]
  1. Steve Kirsch (B.S, M.S)[114]
Inktomi (NASDAQ: YHOO) Software 1996 2[119]
  1. Co-founder Eric Brewer (M.S, PhD)[120]
Internet Archive Non-profit Digital library 1996 1[121]
  1. Brewster Kahle (B.S)[122]
iRobot Public NASDAQ: IRBT Technology 1990 3[123]
  1. Co-founder Colin Angle (B.S, M.S)[124]
  2. Co-founder Helen Greiner (B.S, M.S)[125]
ITA Software (NASDAQ: GOOG) Software 1996 3[126]
  1. Jeremy Wertheimer (PhD)[127]
  2. Carl de Marcken (B.S, PhD)[128]
  3. Dave Baggett (M.S)[129]
Kurzweil Music Systems (KRX: 012630) Musical hardware 1982 2[130]
  1. Co-founder Raymond Kurzweil (B.S)[130]
Kurzweil Educational Systems (NASDAQ: ABCD) Software 1996 1[131]
  1. Raymond Kurzweil (B.S)[130]
Lam Research Public NASDAQ: LRCX Semiconductor 1980 1[132]
  1. David K. Lam (M.S, ScD)[133]
Lotus Development Corporation (NYSE: IBM) Software 1982 2[134]
  1. Mitch Kapor (M.B.A Attendee)[135]
  2. Jonathan Sachs (B.S)[136]
Macsyma, Inc. (Symbolics) Software 1992 2[137]
  1. Co-founder Richard Petti (B.S)[138]
Qualcomm Public NASDAQ: QCOM Technology 1985 7[139]
  1. Co-founder Irwin M. Jacobs (M.S, PhD)[140]
  2. Co-founder Andrew Viterbi (B.S, M.S)[141]
  3. Co-founder Andrew Cohen (PhD)[142][143]
Renaissance Technologies Private Finance 1982 1[144]
  1. James Simons (PhD)[144]
Sohu Public NASDAQ: SOHU Online services 1996 1[145]
  1. Charles Zhang (PhD)[146]
SolidWorks (Euronext: DSY) Software 1993 2[147]
  1. Co-founder Jon Hirschtick (B.S, M.S)[62]
SparkNotes (NYSE: BKS) Publisher 1999 4[148][149]
  1. Co-founder Max Krohn (PhD)[150]
TSMC Public NYSE: TSM Semiconductor 1987 1[151]
  1. Morris Chang (B.S, M.S)[151]
Upwork Public NASDAQ: UPWK Software 1999 1 [152]
  1. Beerud Sheth (M.S.)
Vermeer Technologies (NASDQ: MSFT) Software 1994 2[153]
  1. Charles Ferguson (PhD)[153]
  2. Randy Forgaard (B.S, M.S)[154]
VMware Public NYSE: VMW Technology 1998 5[155][156]
  1. Co-founder Diane Greene (M.S)[157]
Wildfire Communications (Euronext: ORA) Technology 1992 4[158]
  1. Co-founder William J. Warner (B.S)[92]

1960–1979 edit

Company Type Stock Category Year founded Total founders Founder/co-founder from MIT
3Com (NYSE: HPE) Technology 1979 4[159]
  1. Co-founder Robert Metcalfe (B.S)[160]
  2. Co-founder Howard Charney (B.S, M.S)[161]
  3. Co-founder Greg Shaw (B.S)[162]
Analog Devices Public NASDAQ: ADI Semiconductor 1965 2[163]
  1. Ray Stata (B.S, M.S)[164]
  2. Matthew Lorber (B.S, M.S)[165]
Analogic Corporation Public NASDAQ: ALOG Medical imaging 1967 1[166]
  1. Bernard M. Gordon (B.S, M.S)[167]
Applicon (FWB: SIE) Technology 1969 4[168][169]
  1. Co-founder Richard N. Spann (M.S, PhD)[170]
  2. Co-founder Harry Lee (Unknown)[171]
Bose Corporation Private Electronics/technology 1964 1[172]
  1. Amar Bose (B.S, M.S, PhD)[173]
Boston Dynamics (TYO: 9984) Robotics 1992 1[174]
  1. Marc Raibert (PhD)[175]
EMC (NYSE: DVMT) Computer hardware 1979 3[176]
  1. Co-founder Richard Egan (M.S)[177]
Evans & Sutherland Public OTCQB: ESCC Computer hardware 1968 2[178]
  1. Co-founder Ivan Sutherland (PhD)[179]
Gartner (Group), Inc. Public NYSE: IT IT journalism 1979 1[180]
  1. Gideon Gartner (B.S, M.S)[181]
Genentech (SIX: ROG) Pharmaceuticals 1976 2[182]
  1. Co-founder Robert A. Swanson (B.S, M.S)[183]
Infocom (NASDAQ: ATVI) Software 1979 10[184]
  1. Co-founder Dave Lebling (M.S)[185]
  2. Co-founder Marc Blank (B.S)[185]
  3. et al.
Intel Public NASDAQ: INTC Semiconductor 1968 2[186]
  1. Co-founder Robert Noyce (PhD)[187]
International Data Group (SSE: 122458) Media/technology 1964 1[188]
  1. Patrick Joseph McGovern (B.S)[189]
InterSystems Private Software 1978 1[190]
  1. Phillip "Terry" Ragon (B.S)[191]
Kleiner Perkins Caufield & Byers Private Finance 1972 4[citation needed]
  1. Co-founder Thomas Perkins (B.S)[192]
Personal Software/Visicorp

—> Paladin Software

—> Private (Merged) Technology 1978 (Visicorp) 2 (Visicorp)[193]
  1. Co-founder Dan Fylstra (B.S)[194]
Psychology Today (Sussex Publishers) Magazine 1967 1[195]
  1. Nicholas Charney (B.S)[196]
SofTech Public OTCMKTS: SOFT Software 1969 1[197]
  1. Douglas T. Ross (M.S)[198]
Software Arts (NYSE: IBM) Technology 1979 2[199]
  1. Bob Frankston (B.S)[200]
  2. Daniel Bricklin (B.S)[199]
Teradyne Public NYSE: TER Electronics 1960 2[201]
  1. Alex d'Arbeloff (B.S)[202]
  2. Nick DeWolf (B.S)[203]

1900–1959 edit

Company Type Stock Category Year founded Total founders Founder/co-founder from MIT
Acoustic Research (NASDAQ: VOXX) Electronics 1954 2[204]
  1. Co-founder Henry Kloss (undergraduate attendee)[101]
Digital Equipment Corporation (NYSE: HPQ) Computer hardware 1957 2[205]
  1. Co-founder Ken Olsen (B.S, M.S)[206]
Douglas Aircraft Company

& McDonnell Aircraft

—> McDonnell Douglas

—> Boeing

—> Public (Merged) NYSE: BA Aerospace 1921 (Douglas)

1939 (McDonnell)

4[207]
  1. Co-founder Donald Wills Douglas Sr. (B.S)[208]
  2. Co-founder James Smith McDonnell (M.S)[209]
Draper Laboratory Non-profit Defense & security 1932 1[210]
  1. Charles Stark Draper (B.S, PhD)[210]
Fairchild Semiconductor (NASDAQ: ON) Semiconductor 1957 8[211]
  1. Co-founder Robert Noyce (PhD)[187]
  2. Co-founder Jay Last (PhD)[212]
  3. Co-founder Sheldon Roberts (M.S, PhD)[212]
Gillette (NYSE: PG) Consumer products 1901 2[213]
  1. Co-founder William Emery Nickerson (B.S)[213]
HP Inc./Hewlett-Packard Public NYSE: HPQ Technology 1939 2[214]
  1. Co-founder William R. Hewlett (M.S)[215]
KLH Private Electronics 1957 3[101]
  1. Co-founder Henry Kloss (undergraduate attendee)[101]
Koch Industries Private Conglomerate 1940[216] Unknown
  1. Co-founder Fred C. Koch (B.S)[217]
Raytheon Public NYSE: RTN Defense 1922 3[218]
  1. Co-founder Vannevar Bush (D.Eng)[219]
Sprague Electric (NYSE: VSH) Electronic components 1926 1[220]
  1. Robert C. Sprague (M.S)[221]
Texas Instruments Public NASDAQ: TXN Electronics 1930 4[222]
  1. Co-founder Cecil Green (B.S, M.S)[223]
Thermo Electron

—> Thermo Fisher Scientific

—> Public (Merged) NYSE: TMO Technology 1956 (Thermo Electron) 2 (Thermo Electron)[224]
  1. Co-founder George Hatsopoulos (B.S, M.S, ScD)[225]

Before 1900 edit

Company Type Stock Category Year founded Total founders Founder/co-founder from MIT
Arthur D. Little Partnership Management consulting 1886 2[226][227]
  1. Co-founder Arthur D. Little (B.S)[226]
Cabot Corporation Public NYSE: CBT Chemicals 1882 2[228]
  1. Godfrey L. Cabot (undergraduate attendee)[229]
  2. Samuel Cabot IV (B.S)[230]
Samuel Cabot Incorporated (NYSE:VAL) Wood stain 1877 1[231]
  1. Samuel Cabot IV (B.S)[230]
Shepley, Rutan and Coolidge Private Architecture 1886 3[232]
  1. Co-founder George F. Shepley (B.S)[233]
  2. Co-founder Charles A. Coolidge (B.S)[234]
Stone & Webster (NYSE: FTI) Engineering 1889 2[235]
  1. Charles Stone (B.S)[236]
  2. Edwin Webster (B.S)[236]

Notable defunct & dissolved edit

Company Type Stock Category Year founded Total founders Founder/co-founder (MIT alumni)
Adage, Inc. Defunct Computer graphics hardware 1957 3[237]
  1. Jim Stockwell (B.S)[237]
  2. Two others (unknown) from MIT
Advent Corporation Defunct Electronics 1967 1[238]
  1. Henry Kloss (undergraduate attendee)[101]
Boston Phoenix / Boston After Dark Defunct Newspapers 1965 1[239]
  1. Joe Hanlon (unknown)[239]
Lisp Machines, Inc. Defunct Technology 1979 1[240]
  1. Richard Greenblatt (undergraduate attendee)[240]
PlanetAll Defunct Social networking 1996 2[241]
  1. Co-founder Brian Robertson (B.S)[242]
Prime Computer Defunct Computer hardware 1972 7[243]
  1. Co-founder William Poduska (B.S, M.S, Sc.D)[244]
Stellar Computer

—> Stardent Inc.

Defunct Computer hardware 1980 1[245]
  1. Co-founder William Poduska (B.S, M.S, Sc.D)[244]
Thinking Machines Corporation Defunct Computer hardware 1983 2[246]
  1. Danny Hillis (B.S, PhD)[247]
  2. Sheryl Handler (PhD)[248]

See also edit

References edit

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  2. ^ "The University Entrepreneurship Report – Alumni of Top Universities Rake in $12.6 Billion Across 559 Deals". CB Insights Research. 2012-10-29. Retrieved 2017-12-22.
  3. ^ "Founders Funding And Exit Ranking Usa | GraphicSprings". Retrieved 2018-05-19.
  4. ^ "17 Companies You Didn't Know Were Founded By MIT Grads". Business Insider. Retrieved 2017-12-22.
  5. ^ "Universities Report: The top 50 universities producing VC-backed entrepreneurs (2017-2018)" (PDF). PitchBook.
  6. ^ "Universities Report: The top 50 universities producing VC-backed entrepreneurs (2016-2017)" (PDF). PitchBook.
  7. ^ "Entrepreneurship and Innovation at MIT (December 2015)" (PDF). M.I.T.
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November 14, 2023
list, companies, founded, massachusetts, institute, technology, alumni, this, article, uses, bare, urls, which, uninformative, vulnerable, link, please, consider, converting, them, full, citations, ensure, article, remains, verifiable, maintains, consistent, c. This article uses bare URLs which are uninformative and vulnerable to link rot Please consider converting them to full citations to ensure the article remains verifiable and maintains a consistent citation style Several templates and tools are available to assist in formatting such as reFill documentation and Citation bot documentation August 2022 Learn how and when to remove this template message This is a list of companies founded by Massachusetts Institute of Technology alumni including attendees who enrolled in degree programs at MIT but did not eventually graduate This list is not exhaustive as it only includes notable companies of which the founding and development history is well recorded by reliable sources In particular subsidiaries are listed with their owners in parentheses MIT is one of the leading universities worldwide in attracting funding for start up companies and its alumni have founded numerous companies 1 2 3 4 According to PitchBook from 2006 to 2017 MIT produced 907 company founders as alumni or current students creating 780 companies third most among all universities in the world 5 6 In addition according to a report of MIT Sloan School of Management in 2015 some 30 000 companies founded by MIT alumni were active employing 4 6 million people and producing annual revenues of 1 9 trillion roughly equivalent to the 10th largest economy in the world 2014 1 7 Approximately 40 of MIT founders are serial entrepreneurs starting multiple companies and 23 of MIT alumni s new companies are founded outside the United States 1 In this list founders of a company which merged with other companies to form a new company are counted as founders of the new company However founders of a company which later dissolved into several successor companies are not counted as founders of those successor companies this same rule applies to spin off companies Finally a defunct company is a company that stopped functioning completely e g bankrupt without dissolving merging or being acquired Contents 1 Top companies by revenues 1 1 Fortune Global 500 2017 1 2 Fortune 1000 2017 1 3 Former Fortune listed companies 2 Timeline 2 1 Index 2 2 2000 present 2 3 1980 1999 2 4 1960 1979 2 5 1900 1959 2 6 Before 1900 3 Notable defunct amp dissolved 4 See also 5 ReferencesTop companies by revenues editFortune Global 500 2017 edit This list shows companies in Fortune Global 500 founded or co founded by MIT alumni The cut off revenue for 2017 Fortune Global 500 companies is 21 609M in 2016 8 Company Region Fortune Global 500 2017 8 Revenue in US millions 2016 8 Type Category Year founded Comments Koch Industries United States 54 100 000 Private Conglomerate 1940 Equivalently 9 1 Boeing United States 60 94 571 Public Aerospace 1921 Douglas Aircraft Company 1939 McDonnell Aircraft 2 Intel United States 144 59 387 Public Semiconductor 19683 HP Inc United States 194 48 238 Public Technology 19394 TSMC Taiwan 369 29 388 Public Semiconductor 19875 Raytheon United States 449 24 069 Public Weapons defense 19226 Qualcomm United States 460 23 554 Public Technology 1985 Koch Industries is not listed in Fortune Global 500 Its revenue is provided by Forbes Merger of different companies at least one of which was founded by MIT alumni Fortune 1000 2017 edit This list shows companies in Fortune 1000 only for companies within the U S founded or co founded by MIT alumni The cut off revenue for 2017 Fortune 1000 companies is 1 791M in 2016 10 Company Fortune 1000 2017 10 Revenue in US millions 2016 10 Type Category Year founded Comments Koch Industries 23 100 000 Private Conglomerate 1940 Equivalently 9 1 Boeing 24 94 571 Public Aerospace 1921 Douglas Aircraft Company 1939 McDonnell Aircraft 2 Intel 47 59 387 Public Semiconductor 19683 HP Inc 61 48 238 Public Technology 19394 Raytheon 116 24 069 Public Weapons defense 19225 Qualcomm 119 23 554 Public Technology 19856 Thermo Fisher Scientific 154 18 274 Public Technology 1956 Thermo Electron 7 Texas Instruments 206 13 370 Public Semiconductor 19308 BlackRock 255 11 155 Public Investment Management 19889 Lam Research 440 5 886 Public Semiconductor 198010 Blackstone Group 503 5 126 Public Financial services 1985 Bose Corporation 608 3 800 Private Electronics technology 1964 Equivalently 9 11 Analog Devices 660 3 421 Public Semiconductor 196512 Gartner Group Inc 821 2 445 Public IT journalism 197913 Cabot Corporation 829 2 411 Public Chemicals 188214 Akamai Technologies 851 2 340 Public Internet technology 199815 E Trade 930 2 026 Public Finance 1982 Koch Industries and Bose Corporation are not listed in Fortune 1000 Their revenues are given by Forbes Merger of different companies at least one of which was founded by MIT alumni Former Fortune listed companies edit For each company only the latest rankings up to three years are shown in this list Company Fortune Global 500 Fortune 1000 Type Category Year founded1 Digital Equipment Corporation 331 1998 275 1997 279 1996 11 118 1998 78 1997 77 1996 12 Acquired Computer hardware 19572 EMC 436 2016 487 2015 13 113 2016 121 2015 128 2014 14 Acquired Computer hardware 19793 Gillette 491 2000 442 1999 454 1998 11 215 2005 215 2004 218 2003 15 Acquired Consumer products 19014 Apollo Computer 423 1989 454 1988 16 Acquired Hardware 1980 International Data Group 613 2016 17 18 Acquired Media technology 19645 Teradyne 824 2005 921 2004 941 2003 19 Public Electronics 19606 3Com 827 2003 596 2002 294 2000 20 Acquired Technology 19797 American Power Conversion 815 2006 21 854 2005 867 2004 22 Acquired Hardware 19818 LinkedIn 945 2015 23 Acquired Social media 20029 Fairchild Semiconductor 984 2008 963 2007 886 2005 24 Acquired Semiconductor 1957 International Data Group is not listed in Fortune 1000 Its revenue 3 800M 2015 is given by Forbes making it equivalent to the 613th position in Fortune 1000 2016 Timeline editIndex edit This index also contains companies listed in section Notable defunct amp dissolved Year Companies founded2018 Spyce2016 Scale AI2014 Amplitude2012 Coursera Onshape Toast2011 Formlabs2010 Moderna2009 Ginkgo Bioworks Ksplice2008 Clover Food Lab2007 Dropbox2006 Buzzfeed HubSpot Khan Academy2005 Eye Fi HuffPost2004 FireEye Grubhub2003 Kiva Systems2002 Coverity LinkedIn PhillyCarShare Enterprise CarShare 2001 OkCupid Two Sigma2000 Zipcar1999 Cambridge Innovation Center Coatue Management SparkNotes Upwork1998 Akamai Technologies VMware1997 E Ink1996 Alexa Internet Inktomi Internet Archive ITA Software Kurzweil Educational Systems PlanetAllSohu1995 Constant Contact Harmonix1994 Infoseek Vermeer Technologies1993 SolidWorks1992 Boston Dynamics Macsyma Inc Wildfire Communications1991 Art Technology Group1990 Electronic Frontier Foundation iRobot1988 BlackRock Cambridge SoundWorks1987 Avid TSMC1986 Frame Technology Corp 1985 Blackstone Group Computervision Free Software Foundation Qualcomm1983 Encore Computer Thinking Machines Corporation1982 E Trade Kurzweil Music Systems Lotus Development Corporation Renaissance Technologies1981 American Power Conversion1980 Apollo Computer Lam Research Stellar Computer Stardent Inc 1979 3Com EMC Gartner Group Inc Infocom Lisp Machines Software Arts1978 InterSystems Personal Software Visicorp Paladin Software 1976 Genentech1972 Kleiner Perkins Caufield amp Byers Prime Computer1969 Applicon SofTech1968 Evans amp Sutherland Intel1967 Advent Corporation Analogic Corporation Psychology Today1965 Analog Devices Boston Phoenix Boston After Dark 1964 Bose Corporation International Data Group1960 Teradyne1957 Digital Equipment Corporation Fairchild Semiconductor KLH Adage Inc 1956 Thermo Electron Thermo Fisher Scientific 1954 Acoustic Research1940 Koch Industries1939 HP Inc Hewlett Packard McDonnell Aircraft Boeing 1932 Draper Laboratory1930 Texas Instruments1926 Sprague Electric1922 Raytheon1921 Douglas Aircraft Company Boeing 1901 Gillette1889 Stone amp Webster1886 Arthur D Little Shepley Rutan and Coolidge1882 Cabot Corporation1877 Samuel Cabot Incorporated2000 present edit Company Type Stock Category Year founded Total founders Founder co founder from MITAmplitude Public NASDAQ AMPL Software 2014 2 25 Co founder Spenser Skates B S Co founder Curtis Liu B S 26 Buzzfeed Private Online media 2006 2 27 Co founder Jonah Peretti M S 27 Clover Food Lab Private Restaurant 2008 1 28 Ayr Muir B S M S 28 Coursera Public NYSE COUR Education technology 2012 2 29 Co founder Andrew Ng M S 30 Coverity NASDQ SNPS Security technology 2002 3 citation needed Co founder Dawson Engler PhD 31 Dropbox Public Nasdaq DBX Web service 2007 2 32 Drew Houston B S 33 Arash Ferdowsi undergraduate attendee 34 Eye Fi Private Computer hardware 2005 4 citation needed Co founder Yuval Koren B S 35 FireEye Public Nasdaq FEYE Security technology 2004 1 36 Ashar Aziz B S 37 Formlabs Private 3D printing 2011 3 38 Maxim Lobovsky M S Natan Linder PhD David Cranor M S 39 FTX Private Cryptocurrency exchange 2019 2 40 Co founder Sam Bankman Fried B S Co founder Gary Wang B S Ginkgo Bioworks Public NYSE DNA Biotechnology 2009 5 41 Jason Kelly B S PhD 42 Reshma Shetty PhD Barry Canton PhD Austin Che PhD 43 Tom Knight B S M S PhD Grubhub Public NYSE GRUB Delivery services 2004 2 44 Co founder Michael Evans B S M S 45 HubSpot Public NYSE HUBS Software 2006 2 46 47 Brian Halligan M B A 46 Dharmesh Shah M S 47 HuffPost Private Online media 2005 4 citation needed Co founder Jonah Peretti M S 48 Khan Academy Non profit Education 2006 1 49 Sal Khan B S M S 50 Kiva Systems NASDAQ AMZN Technology 2003 3 51 Co founder Mick Mountz B S 52 Co founder Pete Wurman B S 53 LinkedIn NASDAQ MSFT Social media 2002 5 54 Co founder Eric Ly M S 55 Meraki Cisco Meraki Networking 2006 3 56 Co founder Sanjit Biswas Co founder John Bicket Co founder Hans RobertsonModerna Public NASDAQ MRNA Biotechnology 2010 5 57 Co founder Robert Langer PhD Noodle ai Enterprise Artificial Intelligence 2016 5 citation needed Co founder Matt Denesuk citation needed OkCupid NASDAQ IAC Dating service 2001 58 4 59 Co founder Max Krohn PhD 60 Onshape Private Software 2012 6 61 Co founder Jon Hirschtick B S M S 62 Co founder Michael Lauer PhD 61 PhillyCarShare Enterprise CarShare Enterprise Holdings Car sharing 2002 5 63 Co founder Clayton Lane M S 64 Samsara Public NYSE IOT Internet of things 2015 2 65 Co founder Sanjit Biswas Co founder John BicketScale AI Private Software 2016 2 66 Co founder Alexandr Wang undergraduate attendee 67 Spyce Private Restaurant 2018 68 3 69 Co founder Kale Rogers Co founder Brady Knight Co founder Luke Schlueter Co founder Michael Farid 70 Toast Public NYSE TOST Software 2012 2 71 Co founder Steve Fredette Co founder Aman NarangTwo Sigma Private Finance 2001 3 72 Co founder David Siegel PhD 72 73 Zipcar NASDAQ CAR Car rental 2000 2 74 Co founder Robin Chase M B A 75 1980 1999 edit Company Type Stock Category Year founded Total founders Founder co founder from MITAkamai Technologies Public NASDAQ AKAM Internet technology 1998 4 76 Co founder Tom Leighton PhD 77 Co founder Daniel Lewin M S 78 Co founder Jonathan Seelig M B A Attendee 76 Alexa Internet NASDAQ AMZN Web analytics 1996 2 79 Brewster Kahle B S 80 Bruce Gilliat Unknown 81 American Power Conversion Public Euronext Paris SU Hardware 1981 3 82 Emanuel Landsman B S M S Ph D 83 Ervin F Lyon III M S Ph D 84 Neil E Rasmussen B S M S 85 86 Apollo Computer NYSE HPQ Hardware 1980 1 87 William Poduska B S M S Sc D 88 Art Technology Group NYSE ORCL Computer software 1991 2 citation needed Jeet Singh B S 89 Joseph T Chung B S M S 90 Avid Public NASDAQ AVID Computer software 1987 1 91 William J Warner B S 92 BlackRock Public NYSE BLK Investment management 1988 8 93 Co founder Ben Golub B S M S PhD 94 Blackstone Group Public NYSE BX Financial services 1985 2 95 Co founder Peter Peterson undergraduate attendee 96 Cambridge Innovation Center Private Real estate 1999 2 97 Timothy Rowe M B A 98 Andrew Olmsted M B A 99 Cambridge SoundWorks Private Electronics 1988 2 100 Co founder Henry Kloss undergraduate attendee 100 101 Coatue Management Private Hedge fund 1999 1 102 Philippe P Laffont B S M S 102 Computervision NASDAQ PTC Software 1985 2 103 Co founder Philippe Villers M S 104 Constant Contact NASDAQ EIGI Web services 1995 1 105 Randy Parker B S 105 E Ink Private Technology 1997 5 106 Co founder J D Albert B S 107 Co founder Barrett Comiskey B S 107 Co founder Joseph Jacobson PhD 107 E Trade Public NASDAQ ETFC Finance 1982 2 108 Co founder William A Porter M B A 109 Electronic Frontier Foundation Non profit Civic 1990 3 110 Co founder Mitch Kapor M B A Attendee 111 Encore Computer COMPRO Computer Services Parallel computing 1983 3 112 Co founder Gordon Bell B S M S 113 Frame Technology Corp NASDAQ ADBE Computer software 1986 1 citation needed Steve Kirsch B S M S 114 Free Software Foundation Non profit Computer software 1985 1 115 Richard Stallman Graduate Attendee 115 Harmonix Private Video game 1995 2 116 Alex Rigopulos B S M S 116 Eran Egozy B S M S 117 Infoseek NYSE DIS Web search 1994 1 118 Steve Kirsch B S M S 114 Inktomi NASDAQ YHOO Software 1996 2 119 Co founder Eric Brewer M S PhD 120 Internet Archive Non profit Digital library 1996 1 121 Brewster Kahle B S 122 iRobot Public NASDAQ IRBT Technology 1990 3 123 Co founder Colin Angle B S M S 124 Co founder Helen Greiner B S M S 125 ITA Software NASDAQ GOOG Software 1996 3 126 Jeremy Wertheimer PhD 127 Carl de Marcken B S PhD 128 Dave Baggett M S 129 Kurzweil Music Systems KRX 012630 Musical hardware 1982 2 130 Co founder Raymond Kurzweil B S 130 Kurzweil Educational Systems NASDAQ ABCD Software 1996 1 131 Raymond Kurzweil B S 130 Lam Research Public NASDAQ LRCX Semiconductor 1980 1 132 David K Lam M S ScD 133 Lotus Development Corporation NYSE IBM Software 1982 2 134 Mitch Kapor M B A Attendee 135 Jonathan Sachs B S 136 Macsyma Inc Symbolics Software 1992 2 137 Co founder Richard Petti B S 138 Qualcomm Public NASDAQ QCOM Technology 1985 7 139 Co founder Irwin M Jacobs M S PhD 140 Co founder Andrew Viterbi B S M S 141 Co founder Andrew Cohen PhD 142 143 Renaissance Technologies Private Finance 1982 1 144 James Simons PhD 144 Sohu Public NASDAQ SOHU Online services 1996 1 145 Charles Zhang PhD 146 SolidWorks Euronext DSY Software 1993 2 147 Co founder Jon Hirschtick B S M S 62 SparkNotes NYSE BKS Publisher 1999 4 148 149 Co founder Max Krohn PhD 150 TSMC Public NYSE TSM Semiconductor 1987 1 151 Morris Chang B S M S 151 Upwork Public NASDAQ UPWK Software 1999 1 152 Beerud Sheth M S Vermeer Technologies NASDQ MSFT Software 1994 2 153 Charles Ferguson PhD 153 Randy Forgaard B S M S 154 VMware Public NYSE VMW Technology 1998 5 155 156 Co founder Diane Greene M S 157 Wildfire Communications Euronext ORA Technology 1992 4 158 Co founder William J Warner B S 92 1960 1979 edit Company Type Stock Category Year founded Total founders Founder co founder from MIT3Com NYSE HPE Technology 1979 4 159 Co founder Robert Metcalfe B S 160 Co founder Howard Charney B S M S 161 Co founder Greg Shaw B S 162 Analog Devices Public NASDAQ ADI Semiconductor 1965 2 163 Ray Stata B S M S 164 Matthew Lorber B S M S 165 Analogic Corporation Public NASDAQ ALOG Medical imaging 1967 1 166 Bernard M Gordon B S M S 167 Applicon FWB SIE Technology 1969 4 168 169 Co founder Richard N Spann M S PhD 170 Co founder Harry Lee Unknown 171 Bose Corporation Private Electronics technology 1964 1 172 Amar Bose B S M S PhD 173 Boston Dynamics TYO 9984 Robotics 1992 1 174 Marc Raibert PhD 175 EMC NYSE DVMT Computer hardware 1979 3 176 Co founder Richard Egan M S 177 Evans amp Sutherland Public OTCQB ESCC Computer hardware 1968 2 178 Co founder Ivan Sutherland PhD 179 Gartner Group Inc Public NYSE IT IT journalism 1979 1 180 Gideon Gartner B S M S 181 Genentech SIX ROG Pharmaceuticals 1976 2 182 Co founder Robert A Swanson B S M S 183 Infocom NASDAQ ATVI Software 1979 10 184 Co founder Dave Lebling M S 185 Co founder Marc Blank B S 185 et al Intel Public NASDAQ INTC Semiconductor 1968 2 186 Co founder Robert Noyce PhD 187 International Data Group SSE 122458 Media technology 1964 1 188 Patrick Joseph McGovern B S 189 InterSystems Private Software 1978 1 190 Phillip Terry Ragon B S 191 Kleiner Perkins Caufield amp Byers Private Finance 1972 4 citation needed Co founder Thomas Perkins B S 192 Personal Software Visicorp gt Paladin Software gt Private Merged Technology 1978 Visicorp 2 Visicorp 193 Co founder Dan Fylstra B S 194 Psychology Today Sussex Publishers Magazine 1967 1 195 Nicholas Charney B S 196 SofTech Public OTCMKTS SOFT Software 1969 1 197 Douglas T Ross M S 198 Software Arts NYSE IBM Technology 1979 2 199 Bob Frankston B S 200 Daniel Bricklin B S 199 Teradyne Public NYSE TER Electronics 1960 2 201 Alex d Arbeloff B S 202 Nick DeWolf B S 203 1900 1959 edit Company Type Stock Category Year founded Total founders Founder co founder from MITAcoustic Research NASDAQ VOXX Electronics 1954 2 204 Co founder Henry Kloss undergraduate attendee 101 Digital Equipment Corporation NYSE HPQ Computer hardware 1957 2 205 Co founder Ken Olsen B S M S 206 Douglas Aircraft Company amp McDonnell Aircraft gt McDonnell Douglas gt Boeing gt Public Merged NYSE BA Aerospace 1921 Douglas 1939 McDonnell 4 207 Co founder Donald Wills Douglas Sr B S 208 Co founder James Smith McDonnell M S 209 Draper Laboratory Non profit Defense amp security 1932 1 210 Charles Stark Draper B S PhD 210 Fairchild Semiconductor NASDAQ ON Semiconductor 1957 8 211 Co founder Robert Noyce PhD 187 Co founder Jay Last PhD 212 Co founder Sheldon Roberts M S PhD 212 Gillette NYSE PG Consumer products 1901 2 213 Co founder William Emery Nickerson B S 213 HP Inc Hewlett Packard Public NYSE HPQ Technology 1939 2 214 Co founder William R Hewlett M S 215 KLH Private Electronics 1957 3 101 Co founder Henry Kloss undergraduate attendee 101 Koch Industries Private Conglomerate 1940 216 Unknown Co founder Fred C Koch B S 217 Raytheon Public NYSE RTN Defense 1922 3 218 Co founder Vannevar Bush D Eng 219 Sprague Electric NYSE VSH Electronic components 1926 1 220 Robert C Sprague M S 221 Texas Instruments Public NASDAQ TXN Electronics 1930 4 222 Co founder Cecil Green B S M S 223 Thermo Electron gt Thermo Fisher Scientific gt Public Merged NYSE TMO Technology 1956 Thermo Electron 2 Thermo Electron 224 Co founder George Hatsopoulos B S M S ScD 225 Before 1900 edit Company Type Stock Category Year founded Total founders Founder co founder from MITArthur D Little Partnership Management consulting 1886 2 226 227 Co founder Arthur D Little B S 226 Cabot Corporation Public NYSE CBT Chemicals 1882 2 228 Godfrey L Cabot undergraduate attendee 229 Samuel Cabot IV B S 230 Samuel Cabot Incorporated NYSE VAL Wood stain 1877 1 231 Samuel Cabot IV B S 230 Shepley Rutan and Coolidge Private Architecture 1886 3 232 Co founder George F Shepley B S 233 Co founder Charles A Coolidge B S 234 Stone amp Webster NYSE FTI Engineering 1889 2 235 Charles Stone B S 236 Edwin Webster B S 236 Notable defunct amp dissolved editCompany Type Stock Category Year founded Total founders Founder co founder MIT alumni Adage Inc Defunct Computer graphics hardware 1957 3 237 Jim Stockwell B S 237 Two others unknown from MITAdvent Corporation Defunct Electronics 1967 1 238 Henry Kloss undergraduate attendee 101 Boston Phoenix Boston After Dark Defunct Newspapers 1965 1 239 Joe Hanlon unknown 239 Lisp Machines Inc Defunct Technology 1979 1 240 Richard Greenblatt undergraduate attendee 240 PlanetAll Defunct Social networking 1996 2 241 Co founder Brian Robertson B S 242 Prime Computer Defunct Computer hardware 1972 7 243 Co founder William Poduska B S M S Sc D 244 Stellar Computer gt Stardent Inc Defunct Computer hardware 1980 1 245 Co founder William Poduska B S M S Sc D 244 Thinking Machines Corporation Defunct Computer hardware 1983 2 246 Danny Hillis B S PhD 247 Sheryl Handler PhD 248 See also editList of companies founded by Harvard University alumni List of companies founded by Stanford University alumni List 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