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Wikipedia

List of aviation pioneers

January 27, 2023

Aviation pioneers are people directly and indirectly responsible for the advancement of flight, including people who worked to achieve manned flight before the invention of aircraft, as well as others who achieved significant "firsts" in aviation after heavier-than-air flight became routine. Pioneers of aviation have contributed to the development of aeronautics in one or more ways: through science and theory, theoretical or applied design, by constructing models or experimental prototypes, the mass production of aircraft for commercial and government request, achievements in flight, and providing financial resources and publicity to expand the field of aviation.

The Wright brothers' first powered, controlled, and sustained flight, captured on film

Table key

Pioneer type

  • Science: Contributions to aerodynamic theory, aviation principles, discoveries advancing aircraft development, etc.
  • Design: Original or derivative ideas or drawings for conceptual/experimental/practical methods of air travel
  • Construction: Building prototypes/experimental/practical aircraft
  • Manufacture: Building aircraft to fill commercial or government requests
  • Aviator: International firsts, major records, major awards received
  • Support: Significant industrial endorsements, philanthropic, founding of relevant organizations, etc.
  • (†) : A dagger following the pioneer's name indicates they died in or as a result of an aircraft accident. When available, the aircraft type/model and the place of the accident are included in the text.

Sorting

The table is organized by pioneer name in alphabetical order. Columns for Name, Date of birth/Date of death, Country and Achievement can be sorted in either ascending or descending order. If two pioneers are paired together, sorting by DOB or Country uses the information for the first of the pair. The Achievement column will sort according to the date of the pioneer's earliest significant contribution to aviation.

Inclusion criteria

The list is of outright records, irrespective of race, nationality or gender, and in which at least one of the following criteria is met:

  • Scientific contribution to theory and principles (whether correct or not) that were used as contemporary resources, building blocks, or influenced period thought, significant scientific or theoretical achievements with model aircraft;
  • Designing any aircraft (pre-1910), or a distinct/innovative new design;
  • Constructing a prototype aircraft (pre-1910);
  • Manufacturing aircraft (including some direct or supervisory control over design) for commercial and/or military contracts (intended to represent founders of the aviation industry);
  • Flying (Aviator) solo in an aircraft and receiving a relevant flying certificate (pre-1910); or any significant national (e.g., a flight representing a country's first) or international achievement, or flight award (initial record holders or demolishing existing records, but not simply breaking established records);
  • Supporting aviation (e.g., positive publicity; personal, corporate and/or philanthropic sponsorship, education).

Table

List of aviation pioneers
Name Date of birth
Date of death 		Country
birth
(work) 		Pioneer Type Achievements
Clément Ader 4 Feb 1841
5 Mar 1925 		France Science
Design
Construction
Manufacture
Aviator 		Propeller First brief uncontrolled powered flight (“hop”) for 50 m (160 ft), 20 cm (8 in) from the ground in steam-powered Éole (9 Oct 1890),[1][2] designed, constructed and tested Ader Avion II (1893) and Ader Avion III (14 Oct 1897).[3][4][nb 1]
Diego Marín Aguilera 1757
1799 		Spain Science
Design
Construction 		Glider Reportedly glided c. 400 m distance at c. 5 m height using his own invention (15 May 1793).[6][7]
John Alcock†
and
Arthur Brown 		5 Nov 1892
18 Dec 1919
and
23 Jul 1886
4 Oct 1948 		England
(Great Britain)
Scotland
(Great Britain) 		Aviator Propeller First non-stop transatlantic flight in a modified Vickers Vimy (14/15 June 1919);[8][9] (†) Vickers Viking, Rouen, France, en route to Paris.
Aldasoro brothers
Juan Pablo
and
Eduardo 		14 Sep 1893
4 Oct 1962
and
27 Oct 1894
10 Nov 1968 		Mexico Science
Design
Construction 		Glider
Propeller 		First Mexican aviators to graduate from the Moissant School; Juan Pablo was the first to fly over the Statue of Liberty (12 Mar 1913). They also helped contribute to improve aerodynamics by designing a "thick wing" long before the Europeans [nb 2]
Ismail ibn Hammad al-Jawhari† unk
c. 1005 		Kazakhstan Design
Construction
Aviator 		Pre-history
Glider 		(†) attempted flight from the roof of the Nishapur Mosque in Khorosan (c. 1005).[10]
Frederick W. "Casey" Baldwin 2 Jan 1882
7 Aug 1948 		Canada Design
Construction
Manufacture
Aviator 		Propeller Chief Engineer, Aerial Experiment Association (1907–09);[11] first powered flight by a Canadian in the Red Wing (12 Mar 1909);[12][13] co-designer Red Wing (1908), White Wing (1908), and Silver Dart (1909);[14] with J.A.D. McCurdy (and financial support from Alexander Graham Bell) formed the Canadian Aerodrome Company (1909), Canada's first aircraft manufacturing company.[15]
Joaquín Loriga 1895
1927 		Spain Aviator Breguet XIX First raid between Spain and Philippines (5 May 1926).[16]
Juan de la Cierva 21 Sep 1895
9 Dec 1936 		Spain Aviator and aeronautical engineer Autogyro or gyrocopter Invented the autogyro, the predecessor of the modern helicopter (9 Jan 1923).[17][18] De la Cierva's flapping hinge overcame the problems of early rotor-winged flight, and is the basis of the modern helicopter rotor.
Alexander Graham Bell 3 Mar 1847
2 Aug 1922 		Scotland
(United States)
(Canada) 		Science
Design
Construction
Support 		Glider
Propeller 		Founder and chair, Canadian-American aeronautical research group Aerial Experiment Association (AEA) (30 Sep 1907 – 31 Mar 1909);[11] in 1908 and 1909, the AEA designed, constructed, and flew four powered aircraft: the Red Wing, White Wing, June Bug, and Silver Dart; technical innovations include the tricycle landing gear[19] [nb 3] and the wingtip aileron.[12]
Mabel Bell 25 Nov 1857
3 Jan 1923 		United States
(United States)
(Canada) 		Support n/a Financial sponsorship, Aerial Experiment Association (1907–09).[12][21]
Giuseppe Mario Bellanca 19 Mar 1886
26 Dec 1960 		Italy
(Italy)
(United States) 		Design
Construction
Manufacture 		Propeller Bellanca Flying School (1912–16);[nb 4] designed first enclosed monoplane cabin (1917);[23] founded Bellanca Aircraft Company (1927).[24]
Oskar Bider† 12 Jul 1891
7 Jul 1919 		Switzerland Aviator
Support 		Propeller First crossing of the Pyrenees (24 Jan 1913);[nb 5] Swiss airmail flight (9 Mar 1913);[nb 6] first crossing of the Alps (13 May 1913);[nb 7][27] (†) Nieuport 21, Dübendorf, Switzerland.
Bladud 9th Century BC unk Design
Construction
Aviator 		Pre-history
Glider 		According to Historia Regum Britanniae (written c. 1138 by Geoffrey of Monmouth), Bladud, a legendary King of Britain, made wings from feathers and attempted a flight (852 BC).[28][29][nb 8]
Louis Blériot 1 Jul 1872
1 Aug 1936 		France Design
Construction
Manufacture
Aviator 		Propeller First airplane (Blériot VII) with a modern layout : monoplane, conventional tail, fully covered fuselage, front propeller / enclosed engine (1907).[31][32] First to use a combination of hand/arm-operated joystick and foot-operated rudder control.[33] First heavier-than-air crossing of the English Channel in a Blériot XI (25 Jul 1909).[34] First actual industrial aircraft manufacturer - By the end of September 1909, orders had been received for 103 Blériot type XI.[35] Just two years later 500 Blériots has been sold.[36]
Enea Bossi, Sr. 29 Mar 1888
9 Jan 1963 		Italy
(United States) 		Science
Design
Construction
Manufacture 		Propeller
Rotor 		Founder, American Aeronautical Corporation (1928); designer, Budd BB-1 Pioneer (1931), the first stainless-steel airplane;[37] co-designer of the Pedaliante ("Pedal Glider") (1936), the first human-powered aircraft;[38][39][nb 9] subsequent improvements (combined with a catapult-assisted launch) led to a 1 km (0.62 mi) flight 9 m (29.5 ft) from the ground (18 Mar 1937).[41]
Herbert G. Brackley 4 Oct 1894
15 Nov 1948 		England
United States
Japan 		Aviator Propeller First flight from Newfoundland to New York (1919);[42] organised the Japanese Naval Air Arm (1921-1924);[43] first Air Superintendent of Imperial Airways (1924);[44]
Eduardo Bradley 9 Apr 1887
3 Jun 1951 		Argentina Design
Construction
Aviator 		Balloon First crossing of the Andes in a (coal gas-filled) balloon (24 Jun 1916);[45][nb 10] set numerous ballooning records: duration (28 hours 10 minutes); distance 900 km (559 mi).[nb 11][citation needed]
Marcel Brindejonc des Moulinais† 18 Feb 1892
18 Aug 1916 		France Aviator Propeller Finished first (but did not win) the Geisler Challenge Trophy (1913);[nb 12] long distance champion ;[48] (†), Vadelaincourt, France (shot down).
Artur de Sacadura Cabral† 23 May 1881
15 Nov 1924 		Portugal Aviator Propeller Director, Naval Aviation Services (1918); first aerial crossing of the South Atlantic with Gago Coutinho using a Fairey III-D[49] (30 Mar – 17 Jun 1922);[nb 13] († disappeared) , English Channel crossing.
George Cayley 27 Dec 1773
15 Dec 1857 		England Science
Design
Construction 		Glider
Propeller
Rotor 		Experimented in aeronautics at age 13 with a Chinese top (1796);[28] first design of a fixed-wing aircraft (1799);[51] used a whirling arm to test aerofoils at varying angles (1804);[51] presented a paper outlining specific design parameters for building a glider (1810);[51] designed, constructed, and had flown (short hop) a tri-plane (1849). Cayley was one of the most significant pioneers in aviation history.[nb 14]
Giuseppe Cei† 25 Jan 1889
28 Mar 1911 		Italy
(Italy)
(France) 		Aviator Propeller Flew around the Eiffel tower (19 Mar 1911);[52][citation needed] (†) (Bleriot airplane), near Puteaux, France.[citation needed]
Hezârfen Ahmed Çelebi 1609
1640 		Turkey Design
Construction
Aviator 		Glider Reportedly achieved sustained unpowered flight for 3.36 km (2 mi) (c. 1638).[53][nb 15]
Lagari Hasan Çelebi 17th century Turkey Design
Construction
Aviator 		Rocket Reported to have achieved flight (20 seconds to an elevation of roughly 300 meters) using a winged rocket powered by gunpowder (c. 1630s).[53]
Henri Coandă 7 Jun 1886
25 Nov 1972 		Romania
(France)
(Great Britain)
(Romania) 		Science
Design
Construction 		Glider
Propeller
Jet 		Designed Coandă-1910 with a propeller-less aero-reactive engine, exhibited Paris Air Show (Oct 1910),[55][56] followed by a claimed but generally discounted first flight (16 Dec 1910);[57] before WWI designed the Bristol-Coanda Monoplanes in Great Britain; discovered Coandă effect (1930).[58][nb 16]
Samuel Franklin Cody† 6 Mar 1867
7 Aug 1913 		United States
(United States)
(Great Britain) 		Design
Construction
Aviator 		Glider
Propeller 		Developed and flew human-lifting kites; kite instructor for the Royal Engineers (1904); contributed to the development of the British Army Dirigible No 1 Nulli Secundus (1907);[60] first flight of a piloted airplane in Great Britain (16 Oct 1908, 1,390 ft);[61][62] issued Royal Aero Club certificate No.10 (14 Jun 1910); (†) Cody Floatplane, with passenger William Evans, Aldershot, England.
Alfred Comte 4 Jun 1895
1 Nov 1965 		Switzerland Design
Manufacture 		Propeller Swiss pilot's license (1908); partner and chief pilot Ad Astra Aero (1920); designed and built aircraft (1923–35);[63] established an aviation school (1946–50).[64]
Gago Coutinho 17 Feb 1869
18 Feb 1959 		Portugal Aviator Propeller First aerial crossing of the South Atlantic using a Fairey III-D[65] with Artur de Sacadura Cabral (30 Mar – 17 Jun 1922);[nb 17] developed a sextant-type instrument to create an artificial horizon.[67]
Glenn Curtiss 21 May 1878
23 Jul 1930 		United States
(United States)
(Canada) 		Design
Construction
Manufacture
Aviator 		Propeller
Rotor 		Director of Experiments, Aerial Experiment Association (1907–09);[11] designed the June Bug (1908) and won the Scientific American Trophy (4 Jul 1908) by making the first official one-kilometer flight in North America;[68] co-designer Red Wing (1908), White Wing (1908), and Silver Dart (1909); founded his own company (1909) which became the Curtiss Aeroplane and Motor Company (1916); designed, built, and flew the first successful flying-boat (12 Jan 1912);[69] established Canada's first aviation training school in Toronto (1915);[70] awarded the Langley Gold Medal (1913).[71]
Giacomo D'Angelis 1844 France
(India) 		Design
Construction
Aviator 		Propeller First reported flight in Asia (Madras, India) (10 Mar 1910)[72] in a self-constructed biplane.[73]
Félix du Temple 18 Jul 1823
4 Nov 1890 		France Science(?)
Design
Construction
Aviator 		Propeller With his brother, built a monoplane which (accelerating down a slope) “staggered briefly into the air” (1874),[2] considered by some to be the powered take-off[74] or hop of a powered fixed-wing aircraft.[75][76]
Bertram Dickson 21 Dec 1873
28 Sep 1913 		United Kingdom Aviator Propeller First British serviceman to fly [1910]; gained Aero-Club de France license no. 81 on 12 April.[77]

Dickson took part in the Lanark flying meet in August 1910, where he won the £400 prize for the greatest aggregate distance flown.;[78] died 1913 of injuries from 1910 midair collision

Armand Dufaux
and
Henri Dufaux 		13 Jan 1883
17 Jul 1941
and
18 Sep 1879
25 Dec 1980 		Switzerland Design
Construction
Aviator 		Propeller
Rotor 		Working together patented a design for a helicopter (1904), constructed and demonstrated a working model (13–17 Apr 1905);[79][80] designed and built the first Swiss airplanes,[81] including the biplane Dufaux 4 and Dufaux 5; Armand set a new over-water distance record of 66 km (41 mi) crossing Lake Geneva (28 Aug 1910).[82]
J. W. Dunne 1875
24 Aug 1949 		Ireland Science
Design
Construction
Aviator 		Glider(?)
Propeller 		Discussed aeronautics and aviation with H.G. Wells (c. 1901);[83] member Royal Engineers, working on design and construction of the first British military airplane (1906–08);[83] in secret military trials, and with a career goal of improving stability during flight,[84] Dunne's aircraft flew approximately 40 meters (1908);[83] development of his V-shaped swept wing design significantly advanced flight stability.[nb 18]
Eilmer of Malmesbury c. 984
unk 		unk Design
Construction
Aviator 		Pre-history
Glider 		Reportedly flew 200 meters from a tower[28] using rigid wings (c. 1005).[10]
Eugene Ely† 21 Oct 1886
19 Oct 1911 		United States Aviator Propeller First airplane (Curtiss Model D) take-off from a ship (USS Birmingham (14 Nov 1910);[nb 19][86] first landing (Curtiss Model D) on a ship (USS Pennsylvania) using a tailhook (18 Jan 1911);[nb 20] (†) , Macon, Georgia, flight exhibition.
August Euler 20 Nov 1868
1 Jul 1957 		Germany Design
Manufacture
Aviator 		Propeller Built Voisin Freres aircraft (1908); first German pilot's license (1909);[88] German flight duration record (3hr 6min 18sec) (1910).[89]
Ernest Failloubaz 27 Jul 1892
14 May 1919 		Switzerland Construction
Aviator
Support 		Propeller Constructed and piloted the first aircraft in Switzerland (10 May 1910);[90] first Swiss pilot's license (10 Oct 1910).[90]
Henry Farman 26 May 1874
17 Jul 1958 		France [nb 21] Design
Construction
Manufacture
Aviator 		Propeller Winner (in the Voisin-Farman No.1) of the Deutsch-Archdeacon Prize (13 Jan 1908);[nb 22] with brothers Richard and Maurice founded Farman Aviation Works (1908).[91]
Ferdinand Ferber† 8 Feb 1862
22 Sep 1909 		France Design
Construction
Aviator
Support 		Glider
Propeller 		Attempted (unsuccessfully) to replicate the Wright 1901 Glider from photographs; designed a series of aircraft (Ferber I through Ferber IX) for the Antoinette Company; designed, constructed, and flew the first tractor configuration biplane (May 1905);[93] (†) Voisin biplane, Boulogne, France.[94]
Anton “Anthony” Fokker 6 Apr 1890
23 Dec 1939 		Dutch East Indies
(Germany)
(Netherlands)
(United States) 		Design
Construction
Manufacture
Aviator(?) 		Propeller Designed, built, and flew the "Spin" (31 Aug 1911);[95] involved with the Luftstreitkräfte during WWI; constructed[nb 23] a machine gun synchronizer (22 Apr 1915),[97] leading to an aviation period known as the Fokker Scourge;[97] founded the US-based Atlantic Aircraft Corporation (1924) to manufacture his product in the United States.[nb 24]
Lyman Gilmore Jr 11 Jun 1874
18 Feb 1951 		United States Design
Construction 		Propeller (Based largely on self-report and a 1936 interview) Tethered glider flight (1893);[99] free glider flight (1894);[99] (claimed in 1927) controlled steam-powered aircraft flight (15 May 1902);[99] all records, papers, and aircraft were destroyed in a fire;[100] opened first commercial airfield (15 Mar 1907).[101]
Tryggve Gran 20 Jan 1888
8 Jan 1980 		Norway
(Norway)
(Great Britain) 		Aviator Propeller First flight across the North Sea (30 Jul 1914),[102] four hours ten minutes from Cruden Bay, Scotland to Klep (near Stavanger), Norway in a Blériot monoplane.
René Grandjean 12 Nov 1884
14 Apr 1963 		Switzerland Design
Construction
Aviator 		Propeller Designed and built aircraft for Ernest Failloubaz and his record-setting flight (1910);[103] first snow takeoff and landing using skis (2 Feb 1912);[104] first water takeoff in a Swiss seaplane (4 Aug 1912).[105]
Andrea Grimaldi c. 1701 Italy Design
Construction 		Glider Italian monk reported to have flown from Calais to London in a bird-shaped airship with a 22-foot wingspan (Oct 1751).[106][107]
Augustus Moore Herring 3 Aug 1867
17 Jul 1926 		United States Design
Construction 		Glider
Propeller 		Assisted S.P. Langley (May – Nov 1895);[108] test pilot for Octave Chanute;[109] designed the Herring regulator; designed and constructed a compressed-air motorized biplane and reported a 15-meter hop (10 Oct 1898) and a 22-meter hop (12 Oct 1898);[110] business partners with Glenn Curtiss (1909).
Howard Hughes 24 Dec 1905
5 Apr 1976 		United States Design
Manufacture
Aviator
Support 		Propeller Founded Hughes Aircraft (1932);[nb 25] set record for flying around the world (91 hours) in a Lockheed Super Electra (1938); received the Congressional Gold Medal (1939) for achievements in aviation; majority stockholder in TWA (1939).[citation needed]
Vecihi Hürkuş 6 Jan 1895
16 Jul 1969 		Turkey Design
Construction
Aviator 		Propeller Constructed and flew (15 minutes) the first airplane in Turkey (Vecihi K-VI) (28 Jan 1925);[111] founded Turkey's first flying school (27 Sep 1932).[111]
Abbas Ibn Firnas 810
887 		Spain Design
Construction
Aviator 		Pre-history
Glider 		A 9th-century polymath covered himself with feathers and wings,[28] and “flew faster than the phoenix in his flight when he dressed his body in the feathers of a vulture” (c. 875).[10]
Karl Jatho 3 Feb 1873
8 Dec 1933 		Germany Design
Construction
Aviator 		Propeller Made an “aerial leap” (18 meters) in a powered airplane (18 Aug 1903);[112][nb 26]
Hugo Junkers 3 Feb 1859
3 Feb 1935 		Germany Science
Design
Construction
Manufacture 		Propeller Engineer, thermodynamicist, pioneer developer of practical all-metal airframe structures, first used in the 1915-16 Junkers J 1, using all-cantilever structural concepts meant to place all strength-bearing components within an airframe's outer envelope and established all-metal aircraft manufacturing techniques later used by American designer William Bushnell Stout and Soviet designer Andrei Tupolev after World War I.[113]
Wilhelm Kress 29 Jul 1836
24 Feb 1913 		Russia
(Austria) 		Science
Design
Construction
Aviator 		Glider
Propeller 		Developed a successful rubber-band powered model of a hang glider (1877);[114] designed aircraft control stick (1900);[citation needed] executed short hops over water in his Drachenflieger (1901).[citation needed]
Francesco Lana de Terzi 1631
1687 		Italy Science
Design 		Pre-history
Balloon(?) 		Designed an airship based on the theory of using evacuated metal spheres to create a lighter-than-air vehicle (1670).[10][28]
Samuel Langley 22 Aug 1834
27 Feb 1906 		United States Science
Design
Construction 		Propeller Designed and developed the Aerodrome No. 5 as a successful steam engine powered model which flew for 90 seconds covering roughly 3,300 ft (6 May 1896);[115] conversion into a larger piloted aircraft was unsuccessful (1903).[116]
Stephen Latchford 4 Feb 1883
1 Oct 1974 		United States Science
Support 		n/a United States diplomat, head of State Department's early aviation committees; aviation specialist during Franklin D. Roosevelt and Harry S. Truman administrations. Also Chairman of United States Section at the International Technical Committee of Aerial Legal Experts.[citation needed]
Otto Lilienthal† 23 May 1848
10 Aug 1896 		Germany Science
Design
Construction
Manufacture
Aviator 		Glider Designed and constructed a monoplane Derwitzer Glider (1891);[117] after nearly 2,000 flights he constructed a two-surfaced glider (1895);[118] (†) Glider crash (9 Aug 1896), Gollenberg, Germany.[119]
Charles Lindbergh 4 Feb 1902
26 Aug 1974 		United States Aviator
Support 		Propeller First solo non-stop flight across the Atlantic Ocean from New York to Paris in the Spirit of St. Louis (20/21 May 1927).[9]
Ed Link 26 Jul 1904
7 Sep 1981 		United States Science
Design
Support 		n/a Inventor of the Link Trainer flight simulator (1929);[120] received Royal Aeronautical Society Wakefield Gold Medal (1947).[121]
Mikhail Lomonosov 19 Nov 1711
15 Apr 1765 		Russian Empire Science
Design
Construction 		Rotor Designed and constructed a model of a coaxial propeller helicopter (Jul 1754)[122] to lift meteorological instruments.[123]
Albin K. Longren 18 Jan 1882
19 Nov 1950 		United States Aviator
Design
Manufacture 		Propeller Early pilot (1911) and barnstormer. Designed and manufactured numerous airplane models including the Longren AK with the first semi-monocoque body.[124]
William S. Luckey† 15 Feb 1875
20 Dec 1915 		United States Aviator Propeller Began flying at age 52 (1912); Curtiss Exhibition Flyers (1913–15);[125] winner, Round-Manhattan Race (13 Oct 1913);[nb 27] (†) critically injured (6 Sep 1915) in Sturgeon Falls, ON, Canada.
Daniel J. Maloney† 1879
18 July 1906 		United States Aviator Glider American pioneering aviator and test pilot who made the first high-altitude flights by man using Montgomery gliders in 1905.[127] (†) Glider, Santa Clara, California.
Hiram Stevens Maxim 5 Feb 1840
24 Nov 1916 		United States
(United Kingdom) 		Science
Design
Construction 		Rotor
Propeller 		Patented a design for a steam-powered “flying machine” (1889, and refined in 1891);[128] successful track-tethered test of a steam-engine powered biplane (Jul 1894);[129] designed and constructed a biplane that never flew (1910)[130]
John Alexander Douglas McCurdy 2 Aug 1886
25 Jun 1961 		Canada Design
Construction
Manufacture
Aviator 		Glider
Propeller 		Treasurer & Assistant Engineer, Aerial Experiment Association (1907–09);[11] first controlled powered flight in Canada "Silver Dart" (23 Feb 1909);[12] with "Casey" Baldwin (and financial support from Alexander Graham Bell) formed the Canadian Aerodrome Company, Canada's first aircraft manufacturing company.[15]
Walter Mittelholzer 2 Apr 1894
9 May 1937 		Switzerland Science
Aviator
Support(?) 		Propeller Director and head pilot of Ad Astra Aero, later becoming Swissair;[131] first north-south crossing of Africa (7 Dec 1926 – 21 Feb 1927);[citation needed] pioneer of aerial photography (Spitsbergen, 1923; Mount Kilimanjaro, 1929);[citation needed] personally flew/delivered a Fokker to Emperor Haile Selassie I (1934).[132]
John Joseph Montgomery† 15 Feb 1858
31 Oct 1911 		United States Science
Design
Construction
Aviator 		Glider Designed and constructed a series of early gliders, first to achieve unpowered controlled flight in the United States (1884). Designed tandem-wing gliders flown from high-altitude balloon launches (1904–1905), including first public flight exhibition in United States (29 April 1905). Developed pitcheron systems for control (first developed and applied in 1886, re-applied in 1911);[127][133] (†) Glider, Evergreen, California.
Edwin Moon† 8 Jun 1886
29 Apr 1920 		England Design
Construction
Aviator 		Propeller Designed, constructed, and flew a monoplane ("Moonbeam") (early to mid-1910);[134] the meadows of North Stoneham Farm which he used to take-off and land[135] would later become Southampton Airport; (†) Flying boat, Felixstowe, England.
J. T. C. Moore-Brabazon 8 Feb 1884
17 May 1964 		England Aviator Propeller Holder of Royal Aero Club certificate No. 1.[136]

First United Kingdom citizen to make a flight in Britain.[137]

Alexander Mozhayskiy 21 Mar 1825
1 Apr 1890 		Finland Science
Design
Construction 		Glider
Propeller 		Designed and constructed a steam-engine powered airplane that reportedly flew (hopped) (20–30 meters) with the assistance of a ramp (1884).[138][139][140]
Clyde Pangborn 28 Oct 1895
29 Mar 1958 		United States Aviator Propeller First non-stop trans-Pacific flight (5 Oct 1931).[141]
Cecil Pashley 14 May 1891
1969 		Great Britain Flight trainer
Aviator 		Glider
Propeller 		Founded the South Coast Flying club. Trained British pilots during world War I and World War II.
Richard Pearse 3 Dec 1877
29 Jul 1953 		New Zealand Design
Construction
Aviator 		Propeller Reportedly achieved powered (but poorly controlled) flight (31 Mar 1903).[142][143][nb 28]
Horatio Phillips 1845
1924 		England Science
Design
Construction 		Glider
Propeller 		Aeronautic theory: advancement of wind-tunnel design (1880s),[144] development of aerofoil design,[145] patented as “blades for deflecting air” (1884[146] and 1891);[147] designed multiplanes with multiple sets of lifting surfaces, patented (1890),[148] constructed (1893);[149] first powered “hop-flight” (500 ft) in Great Britain (1907).[93]
Percy Pilcher† 16 Jan 1866
1 Oct 1899 		England Science
Design
Construction
Aviator 		Glider Designed and constructed hang-glider (The Bat), first to achieve unpowered controlled flight in Great Britain (12 Sep 1895);[150] (†) crash-related injuries suffered on 30 Sep 1899, glider (The Hawk), near Stanford Hall, England.[151]
John Cyril Porte 26 Feb 1884
22 Oct 1919 		Ireland
(Ireland)
(Great Britain) 		Design
Construction
Manufacture
Aviator 		Propeller Aero Club de France aviator certificate (28 Jul 1911); test pilot (1913–14);[69] began to design and construct (with Glen Curtiss) an aircraft capable of transatlantic flight (1914);[152] testing was successful, but the flight was cancelled due to the outbreak of World War I.[153] Royal Naval Air Service, Squadron Commander, RAF Hendon (1914); secret U.S. visit as an official envoy testing aircraft for the British Government (Sep 1915).[154] Commander, Royal Naval Airstation Felixstowe, conducted flying-boat research; designed and constructed the Porte Baby (1916).[69]
Augustus Post 25 Dec 1873
4 Oct 1952 		United States Flying
Supporting
 Propeller Original founder of Aero Club of America which later became the National Aeronautic Association.[155] Thirteenth man to fly solo, in 1908.[156] Served as aid to Glenn Curtiss and co-authored The Curtiss Aviation Book published in 1912.[157] Participated in Aerial Experiment Association.[158] Served as official timer for Orville Wright’s record setting 57 minute flight at Ft. Myer, Virginia on September 9, 1908.[159]
Edvard Rusjan† 6 Jun 1886
9 Jan 1911 		Austria-Hungary
(Slovenia)
(Croatia) 		Design
Construction
Aviator 		Propeller Designed, constructed, and flew the first airplane in Slovenia (25 Nov 1909);[160] (†) , Belgrade, Serbia; first Serbian air exposition.
Charles Samson 8 July 1883
5 Feb 1931 		United Kingdom Aviator Propeller One of the first four British naval officers to train as a pilot;[161] first to fly an airplane (a Short S.27 biplane) off a moving ship (HMS Hibernia (May 1912).[162]
Alberto Santos Dumont 20 Jul 1873
23 Jul 1932 		Brazil
(France) 		Science
Design
Construction
Manufacture
Aviator
Support 		Balloon
Airship
Propeller 		Winner, Deutsch Prize (19 Oct 1901);[163] first powered winged aircraft flight in Europe (13 Sep 1906);[164] winner, Archdeacon Cup (23 Oct 1906) and Aéro-Club de France Prize (12 Nov 1906);[164] designed a light-weight monoplane Demoiselle and released the second variant (No. 20) from copyright or license (late 1909).[165]
Ivan Sarić 27 Jun 1876
23 Aug 1966 		Austria-Hungary (Serbia) Design
Construction 		Propeller
Rotor 		First public flight in Serbia (then Austro-Hungary) (16 Oct 1910).[166][nb 29]
Thomas Selfridge† 8 Feb 1882
17 Sep 1908 		United States
(United States)
(Canada) 		Design
Construction
Aviator 		Airship
Propeller 		Secretary, Aerial Experiment Association (1907–09);[11] U.S. Army Lieutenant who assisted the AEA in engineering, designing and piloting the Red Wing; first U.S. Military officer to pilot a powered aircraft White Wing (19 May 1908);[citation needed] first fatality of powered flight (17 Sep 1908).[nb 30]
Igor Sikorsky 25 May 1889
26 Oct 1972 		Russian Empire
(Russia)
(United States) 		Science
Design
Construction
Manufacture
Aviator 		Propeller
Rotor 		Designed and constructed the first four-engine aircraft, the Russky Vityaz cabin biplane, flew (13 May 1913);[169] and the Ilya Muromets, prototype for a commercial airplane (1914); first brief flight in a practical helicopter (14 Sep 1939).[170]
Sir Charles Kingsford Smith† 9 Feb 1897
8 Nov 1935 		Australia
(Great Britain)
(United States)
(Australia) 		Aviator Propeller First transpacific flight from the United States to Australia in the Southern Cross (31 May – 9 Jun 1928);[171][nb 31] first non-stop Australian transcontinental flight (Aug 1928);[172] first trans-Tasman flight (10/11 Sep 1928);[172] († disappeared) Lady Southern Cross, over the Bay of Bengal.[173]
Sir Thomas Sopwith 18 Jan 1888
27 Jan 1989 		England Design(?)
Construction
Manufacture
Aviator 		Propeller Royal Aero Club license No. 31 (22 Nov 1910); won £4000 Baron de Forest prize for the longest flight from England to the Continent in a British-built aeroplane, (169 miles (272 km) in 3 hours 40 minutes) in a Howard Wright 1910 Biplane (18 Dec 1910); established the Sopwith Aviation Company with Fred Sigrist (1912); and a Sopwith floatplane won the secondSchneider Trophy race 1913). The company produced more than 18,000 aircraft during World War I, including the Sopwith Camel fighter. Post war co-founded Hawker Aircraft.[174]
Eduard Spelterini 2 Jun 1852
16 Jun 1931 		Switzerland
(France)
(Switzerland)
(Denmark) 		Science
Aviator 		Balloon Licensed by the Académie d'Aérostation météorologique de France as a balloon pilot (1877);[citation needed] Swiss pioneer of ballooning and aerial photography;[nb 32] multiple crossings of the Alps;[175] assisted in medical research (1902).[nb 33]
Emile Taddéoli† 8 Mar 1879
24 May 1920 		Switzerland Design
Construction
Aviator 		Propeller Swiss flight certificate No.2 (10 Oct 1910);[177] pioneer of flying boats (e.g., SIAI S.13); chief seaplane pilot for Ad Astra Aero;[citation needed] first seaplane crossing of the Alps (12 Jul 1919);[178] (†) (Savoia flying boat) demonstration flight, Romanshorn, Switzerland.[177]
Shivkar Bapuji Talpade 1864
1916 		India Design
Construction 		? Reportedly launched an unmanned airplane (Marutsakhā) (1895)[citation needed]
Czesław Tański 17 Jul 1862
24 Feb 1942 		Poland Science
Design
Construction
Aviator 		Glider
Rotor
Propeller 		First successful model glider in Poland (1894);[179] first glider flight in Poland (1896);[179] biplane flight (1911).[179]
Nicholas A. Teleshov
[nb 34]		 1828
1895 		Russia Science
Design
Construction 		Propeller Received patent (with Gustave de Struve) for a steam-engine powered “flying machine” capable of carrying 120 people (i.e., commercial passenger aircraft) (1864),[180] and for a navigable balloon (1883).[181]
E. Lilian Todd 1865
26 Sep 1937 		United States Designer
Construction 		Propeller First female aircraft designer (c. 1906).[182]
Juan Trippe 27 Jun 1899
3 Apr 1981 		United States Manufacture(?)
Support 		n/a Founded several airlines including Colonial Air Transport (1926) and the Aviation Corporation of the Americas (1927) which would become Pan American Airways; created economy class to encourage travel; proponent of jet aircraft ordering Boeing 707 and Douglas DC-8 aircraft; requested a larger airplane resulting in the Boeing 747; recipient, Tony Jannus Award (1965).
Jules Védrines 21 Dec 1881
21 Apr 1919 		France Aviator Propeller

First pilot to fly at more than 100 miles per hour (160 km/h) on 2 Feb 1912, won Gordon Bennett Trophy race in 1912 flying a Deperdussin Monocoque. †St Rambert d'Albon near Lyon en route for Rome flying a Caudron C-23.[183]

Alfred V. Verville 16 Nov 1890
10 Mar 1970 		United States Design
Manufacture
Support 		Propeller Designed the Verville-Packard R-1 Racer (1919), which won the first Pulitzer Speed Trophy (1920); the M-1 Massenger (1921); the Verville-Sperry R-3 Racer (1922), the second aircraft with retractable landing gear (after the Dayton-Wright RB-1 Racer); member, U.S. Navy Bureau of Aeronautics (1946–61).
Aurel Vlaicu† 19 Nov 1882
13 Sep 1913 		Romania Design
Construction
Aviator 		Glider
Propeller 		Designed, built, and flew a glider (1909); a powered airplane Vlaicu Nr. I (17 Jun 1910); (†) Vlaicu Nr. II, near Câmpina, attempting to cross the Carpathian Mountains in flight for the first time.[184] Vlaicu Nr. III, the world's first metal-built aircraft, was under construction at the time of his death, but was completed in early 1914 by his collaborators.[185]
Gabriel Voisin 5 Feb 1880
25 Dec 1973 		France Design
Construction
Manufacture
Aviator 		Glider
Propeller 		With brother Charles, built gliders for Ernest Archdeacon (1902);[186] designed and constructed the first French powered aircraft (Voisin 1907 biplane) to achieve sustained controlled flight (1 Oct 1907);[186][nb 35] founded Appareils d'Aviation Les Frères Voisin, the first aircraft manufacturing company (1906).[187]
Traian Vuia 17 Aug 1872
3 Sep 1950 		Romania
(France) 		Design
Construction
Aviator(?) 		Propeller
Rotor 		Flight in tractor monoplane (France) (6 Mar 1906).[55][93]
Preston Watson† 17 May 1880
30 Jun 1915 		Scotland Design
Construction
Aviator 		Glider
Propeller 		On the eve of the 50th anniversary of the Wright Brothers’ historic flight (1953) and thirty-eight years after Watson's death, his brother James claimed that Preston had achieved powered flight before the Wrights.[188] He recanted in 1955 stating he had never claimed it was powered flight.[93]
Francis Herbert Wenham 1824
1908 		United Kingdom Science
Constructor 		Glider The first scientist to deduce the main properties of cambered aerofoil.[189] Built gliders and with John Browning the world's first wind tunnel in 1871.[189]
John Weston 17 Jun 1872
24 Jul 1950 		South Africa Design
Construction
Flying
Support 		n/a Regarded as "the grandfather of South African aviation”[190] and “South Africa's first aviator”;[191] 1907 to 1909, designed and constructed first aircraft built in South Africa;[190] founder of Aeronautical Society of South Africa (AeSSA); 1911 to 1912, gave numerous flying demonstrations throughout southern Africa to popularise flight.[190][192]
Gustave Whitehead (Weißkopf) 1 Jan 1874
10 Oct 1927 		Germany
(United States) 		Design
Construction
Aviator 		Glider
Propeller 		Designed and constructed a powered airplane (mid 1901);[193] claims to have made the first (1899),[194] second (14 Aug 1901),[194] and third (17 Jan 1902)[194] controlled powered airplane flights. This claim has long since been in dispute.[1][195][196][197]
Jan Wnęk 1828
10 Jul 1869 		Poland Design
Construction 		Glider Allegedly designed, constructed, flew a controllable glider (1866).[citation needed]
Wright brothers
Orville
and
Wilbur 		19 Aug 1871
30 Jan 1948
and
16 Apr 1867
30 May 1912 		United States Science
Design
Construction
Manufacture
Aviator
Support 		Glider
Propeller 		Together, designed and constructed biplane kite (1899); invented wing warping for flight control (c. 1899) and the aeronautical concept of three-axis control.[198] designed and constructed the 1900, 1901, and 1902 Gliders; and the powered 1903 Flyer; used data from systematic wind tunnel testing to design efficient air foils and propellers; first powered, controlled, sustained flight (Orville) for 12 seconds covering 37 meters (17 Dec 1903) and documented; (Wilbur) first complete circle in a powered manned airplane (20 Sep 1904); (Wilbur) Wright Flyer III circular flight of 38.9 km (24 m) (23 Jun 1905).
Czesław Zbierański 6 Dec 1885
31 May 1982 		Poland
(Poland)
(United States) 		Design
Construction
Aviator(?) 		Propeller With Stanislaw Cywiński designed and constructed Poland's first airplane (May 1911), flown (25 Sep 1911).[199]

See also

Notes

  1. ^ Ader was regarded by many to be the French "father of aviation".[5]
  2. ^ Wilbur Wright flew around the Statue of Liberty (29 September 1909) .
  3. ^ Bell's initial kite-like designs were built by McCurdy and Baldwin and could only sustain flight by being towed into the air.[20]
  4. ^ Taught Fiorello La Guardia how to fly in exchange for driving lessons.[22]
  5. ^ Crossing the Pyrenees from Pau to Madrid.[25]
  6. ^ airmail flight from Basel to Liestal.
  7. ^ Crossing the Alps from Bern to Sion.[26]
  8. ^ Geoffrey’s publication in 1138, almost 2,000 years after the alleged flight, is the first historical mention of Bladud.[30]
  9. ^ This claim is disputed since the test pilot was a seasoned cyclist and it has been claimed that only someone with extreme conditioning and/or endurance could fly the Pedaliante.[40]
  10. ^ From Santiago, Chile to Mendoza, Argentina, reaching an altitude of 8,100 m (26,575 ft).[46]
  11. ^ From Buenos Aires to Rio Grande do Sul.
  12. ^ See reference for disqualification details.[47]
  13. ^ From Lisbon to Rio de Janeiro in 79 days (with only 62 hours of flying time) using three different planes (two were lost at sea), and relying solely on astronomical navigation.[50]
  14. ^ Wilbur Wright, in 1909, commented on Cayley: “About 100 years ago an Englishman, Sir George Cayley, carried the science of flying to a point which it had never reached before and which it scarcely reached again during the last century”.[51]
  15. ^ Gliding from the Galata Tower, across the Bosphorus, landing at Doğancılar Square.[54]
  16. ^ Quote from Coanda: “A poet is a man who sees abstract worlds and tries to bring them in the concrete world. In this regard I believe that any inventor, engineer or scientist, regardless of the aria of his concerns, is also a poet.”[59]
  17. ^ From Lisbon to Rio de Janeiro in 79 days (with only 62 hours of flying time) using three different planes (two were lost at sea), and relying solely on astronomical navigation.[66]
  18. ^ In January of 1912, Dunne demonstrated improved flight stability by taking a full page of notes on paper during a 6 minute solo flight with two turns.[84]
  19. ^ Modifications for take-off required outfitting the ship with “an 83-foot-long ramp, sloping 5 degrees over the bow. The ramp’s forward edge was 37 feet above the water”.[85]
  20. ^ “The landing platform, constructed of pine planks, was 130 feet long by 32 feet wide. Ten feet of it hung at an angle -- with a drop of four feet -- over the stern of the ship. The arresting gear comprised 21 ropes -- each with 50-pound sandbags attached to either end -- laid across the runway. Each rope was suspended 8 inches above the deck. Three hooks had been affixed to the underside of the aircraft to catch on the ropes when the landing was made”.[87]
  21. ^ Born in France to a British family, Farman took French nationality in 1937.[91]
  22. ^ “Awarded to the inventor of a flying machine who shall first accomplish a flight of one kilometer in a closed circuit without touching the ground…”.[92]
  23. ^ The design was an adaptation of the device recovered by the Germans from the downed airplane of Roland Garros.[96]
  24. ^ The death of Knute Rockne in the 1931 crash of a Transcontinental & Western Air Fokker F.10 was highly publicized and shook the public’s confidence in Fokker aircraft.[98]
  25. ^ Designed and manufactured aircraft (e.g., H-1 Racer (1935), Hughes H-4 Hercules or Spruce Goose), the AIM-4 Falcon air-to-air missile.
  26. ^ “German historians do not claim that he made proper flights, but only that he was the first in Germany to leave the ground in a powered aeroplane under its own power”.[93]
  27. ^ A 60-mile circuit around Manhattan Island which he completed in just under 53 minutes.[126]
  28. ^ Despite over 50 years of research on his achievements, no substantiated proof exists regarding the dates of his work.
  29. ^ It has been suggested that Sarić’s first unobserved flight may have been in late June 1910.[167]
  30. ^ While flying as a passenger with Orville Wright, Selfridge was the first to die in an aircraft accident.[168]
  31. ^ With intermediate stops at Hawaii and Fiji) covering roughly 11,566 km (7,187 mi).
  32. ^ Spelterini began aerial photography in approximately 1893 and began taking a camera on his flights. Some highlights include Egypt (1904) and South Africa (1911).[citation needed]
  33. ^ Took a Swiss professor to high altitude to conduct blood-related experiments (1902).[176]
  34. ^ AKA – Teleshova, Teleshev, Nicolas de Telescheff.[citation needed]
  35. ^ The Voisin 1907 biplane was flown by Henry Farman to win the Deutsch-Archdeacon Prize (13 January 1908).[186]

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Books

  • Brewer, Griffith; Alexander, Patrick Y. (1893). Aeronautics: An Abridgment of Aeronautical Specifications filed at the Patent Office (1815 – 1891). Red Lion Court, Fleet Street: Taylor and Francis.
  • Casey, Louis S. (1981). Curtiss, The Hammondsport Era, 1907-1915. New York: Crown Publishers. pp. 12–15. ISBN 978-0-517543-26-9.
  • Crouch, Tom D. (1990). The Bishop's Boys: A Life of Wilbur and Orville Wright. New York: W. W. Norton & Company. ISBN 0-393-30695-X. Retrieved 13 September 2013.
  • Crouch, Tom D. (2003). Wings – A History of Aviation from Kites to the Space Age. New York: W.W. Norton & Company, Inc. ISBN 0-393-05767-4. Retrieved 11 September 2013.
  • Gibbs-Smith, Charles H. (1960). The Aeroplane – An Historical Survey of its Origins and Development. London: Her Majesty’s Stationery Office.
  • Gibbs-Smith, Charles H. (2003). Aviation – An Historical Survey of its Origins to the end of the Second World War. London: NMSI Trading LTD. ISBN 1-900747-52-9.
  • Grant, R.G. (2007). Flight: The complete history. New York: DK Publishing. ISBN 978-0-7566-1902-2.
  • Grosser, Morton (2004). Gossamer Odyssey: The Triumph of Human-Powered Flight. St.Paul, MN: MBI Publishing Company. ISBN 0-7603-2051-9.
  • Headland, Robert K. (1989). Chronological List of Antarctic Expeditions and Related Historical Events. Great Britain: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 0-521-30903-4.
  • Kelly, Maurice (2006). Steam in the Air: The Application of Steam Power in Aviation During the 19th Century. England: Pen & Sword Aviation. ISBN 1-84415-295-2.
  • Longyard, William H. (1994). Who's Who in Aviation: 500 Biographies History. California: Presidio Press. ISBN 0-89141-556-4.
  • Major, R.; Storer, J.D.; Thompson, C.L. (1990). Guide to the Aircraft Collection: Museum of Flight, East Fortune Airfield. East Lothian, Scotland: National Museums of Scotland. ISBN 978-0-94863-648-6.
  • Mann, John Edgar (2002). Book of Stonehams. Tiverton, UK: Halsgrove. ISBN 1-84114-213-1.
  • Mason, Francis K.; Windrow, Martin C. (1970). Air Fact and Feats. London: Guinness Superlatives Limited. ISBN 0-900424-53-2.
  • Milberry, Larry (1979). Aviation in Canada. Toronto: McGraw-Hill Ryerson. ISBN 0-07-082778-8.
  • Milberry, Larry (2008). Aviation in Canada: The Pioneer Decades, Vol. 1. Toronto: CANAV Books. ISBN 978-0-921022-19-0.
  • Milizia, Francesco (1826). The Lives of Celebrated Architects, Ancient and Modern (Vol. II). London: J. Taylor, Architectural Library.
  • Molson, Ken M.; Taylor, Harold A. (1982). Canadian Aircraft Since 1909. Stittsville, Ontario: Canada's Wings, Inc. ISBN 0-920002-11-0.
  • Taylor, H.A. (1974). Fairey Aircraft Since 1915. Annapolis: Putnam Aeronautical Books. ISBN 0-87021-208-7.
  • Turner, Charles Cyril (1912). The Romance of Aeronautics. Philadelphia: J.B. Lippincott Co.
  • Wragg, David W. (1974). Flight Before Flying. London: Osprey. ISBN 0-85045-165-5.
  • Zahm, Albert F. (1911). Aerial Navigation. New York: D. Appleton and Company.

January 27, 2023
list, aviation, pioneers, aviation, pioneers, people, directly, indirectly, responsible, advancement, flight, including, people, worked, achieve, manned, flight, before, invention, aircraft, well, others, achieved, significant, firsts, aviation, after, heavier. Aviation pioneers are people directly and indirectly responsible for the advancement of flight including people who worked to achieve manned flight before the invention of aircraft as well as others who achieved significant firsts in aviation after heavier than air flight became routine Pioneers of aviation have contributed to the development of aeronautics in one or more ways through science and theory theoretical or applied design by constructing models or experimental prototypes the mass production of aircraft for commercial and government request achievements in flight and providing financial resources and publicity to expand the field of aviation The Wright brothers first powered controlled and sustained flight captured on film Contents 1 Table key 1 1 Pioneer type 1 2 Sorting 2 Inclusion criteria 3 Table 4 See also 5 Notes 6 References 6 1 BooksTable key EditPioneer type Edit Science Contributions to aerodynamic theory aviation principles discoveries advancing aircraft development etc Design Original or derivative ideas or drawings for conceptual experimental practical methods of air travel Construction Building prototypes experimental practical aircraft Manufacture Building aircraft to fill commercial or government requests Aviator International firsts major records major awards received Support Significant industrial endorsements philanthropic founding of relevant organizations etc A dagger following the pioneer s name indicates they died in or as a result of an aircraft accident When available the aircraft type model and the place of the accident are included in the text Sorting Edit The table is organized by pioneer name in alphabetical order Columns for Name Date of birth Date of death Country and Achievement can be sorted in either ascending or descending order If two pioneers are paired together sorting by DOB or Country uses the information for the first of the pair The Achievement column will sort according to the date of the pioneer s earliest significant contribution to aviation Inclusion criteria EditThe list is of outright records irrespective of race nationality or gender and in which at least one of the following criteria is met Scientific contribution to theory and principles whether correct or not that were used as contemporary resources building blocks or influenced period thought significant scientific or theoretical achievements with model aircraft Designing any aircraft pre 1910 or a distinct innovative new design Constructing a prototype aircraft pre 1910 Manufacturing aircraft including some direct or supervisory control over design for commercial and or military contracts intended to represent founders of the aviation industry Flying Aviator solo in an aircraft and receiving a relevant flying certificate pre 1910 or any significant national e g a flight representing a country s first or international achievement or flight award initial record holders or demolishing existing records but not simply breaking established records Supporting aviation e g positive publicity personal corporate and or philanthropic sponsorship education Table EditList of aviation pioneers Name Date of birthDate of death Countrybirth work Pioneer Type AchievementsClement Ader 4 Feb 18415 Mar 1925 France ScienceDesignConstructionManufactureAviator Propeller First brief uncontrolled powered flight hop for 50 m 160 ft 20 cm 8 in from the ground in steam powered Eole 9 Oct 1890 1 2 designed constructed and tested Ader Avion II 1893 and Ader Avion III 14 Oct 1897 3 4 nb 1 Diego Marin Aguilera 17571799 Spain ScienceDesignConstruction Glider Reportedly glided c 400 m distance at c 5 m height using his own invention 15 May 1793 6 7 John Alcock andArthur Brown 5 Nov 189218 Dec 1919and23 Jul 18864 Oct 1948 England Great Britain Scotland Great Britain Aviator Propeller First non stop transatlantic flight in a modified Vickers Vimy 14 15 June 1919 8 9 Vickers Viking Rouen France en route to Paris Aldasoro brothers Juan Pabloand Eduardo 14 Sep 18934 Oct 1962and27 Oct 189410 Nov 1968 Mexico ScienceDesignConstruction GliderPropeller First Mexican aviators to graduate from the Moissant School Juan Pablo was the first to fly over the Statue of Liberty 12 Mar 1913 They also helped contribute to improve aerodynamics by designing a thick wing long before the Europeans nb 2 Ismail ibn Hammad al Jawhari unkc 1005 Kazakhstan DesignConstructionAviator Pre historyGlider attempted flight from the roof of the Nishapur Mosque in Khorosan c 1005 10 Frederick W Casey Baldwin 2 Jan 18827 Aug 1948 Canada DesignConstructionManufactureAviator Propeller Chief Engineer Aerial Experiment Association 1907 09 11 first powered flight by a Canadian in the Red Wing 12 Mar 1909 12 13 co designer Red Wing 1908 White Wing 1908 and Silver Dart 1909 14 with J A D McCurdy and financial support from Alexander Graham Bell formed the Canadian Aerodrome Company 1909 Canada s first aircraft manufacturing company 15 Joaquin Loriga 18951927 Spain Aviator Breguet XIX First raid between Spain and Philippines 5 May 1926 16 Juan de la Cierva 21 Sep 18959 Dec 1936 Spain Aviator and aeronautical engineer Autogyro or gyrocopter Invented the autogyro the predecessor of the modern helicopter 9 Jan 1923 17 18 De la Cierva s flapping hinge overcame the problems of early rotor winged flight and is the basis of the modern helicopter rotor Alexander Graham Bell 3 Mar 18472 Aug 1922 Scotland United States Canada ScienceDesignConstructionSupport GliderPropeller Founder and chair Canadian American aeronautical research group Aerial Experiment Association AEA 30 Sep 1907 31 Mar 1909 11 in 1908 and 1909 the AEA designed constructed and flew four powered aircraft the Red Wing White Wing June Bug and Silver Dart technical innovations include the tricycle landing gear 19 nb 3 and the wingtip aileron 12 Mabel Bell 25 Nov 18573 Jan 1923 United States United States Canada Support n a Financial sponsorship Aerial Experiment Association 1907 09 12 21 Giuseppe Mario Bellanca 19 Mar 188626 Dec 1960 Italy Italy United States DesignConstructionManufacture Propeller Bellanca Flying School 1912 16 nb 4 designed first enclosed monoplane cabin 1917 23 founded Bellanca Aircraft Company 1927 24 Oskar Bider 12 Jul 18917 Jul 1919 Switzerland AviatorSupport Propeller First crossing of the Pyrenees 24 Jan 1913 nb 5 Swiss airmail flight 9 Mar 1913 nb 6 first crossing of the Alps 13 May 1913 nb 7 27 Nieuport 21 Dubendorf Switzerland Bladud 9th Century BC unk DesignConstructionAviator Pre historyGlider According to Historia Regum Britanniae written c 1138 by Geoffrey of Monmouth Bladud a legendary King of Britain made wings from feathers and attempted a flight 852 BC 28 29 nb 8 Louis Bleriot 1 Jul 18721 Aug 1936 France DesignConstructionManufactureAviator Propeller First airplane Bleriot VII with a modern layout monoplane conventional tail fully covered fuselage front propeller enclosed engine 1907 31 32 First to use a combination of hand arm operated joystick and foot operated rudder control 33 First heavier than air crossing of the English Channel in a Bleriot XI 25 Jul 1909 34 First actual industrial aircraft manufacturer By the end of September 1909 orders had been received for 103 Bleriot type XI 35 Just two years later 500 Bleriots has been sold 36 Enea Bossi Sr 29 Mar 18889 Jan 1963 Italy United States ScienceDesignConstructionManufacture PropellerRotor Founder American Aeronautical Corporation 1928 designer Budd BB 1 Pioneer 1931 the first stainless steel airplane 37 co designer of the Pedaliante Pedal Glider 1936 the first human powered aircraft 38 39 nb 9 subsequent improvements combined with a catapult assisted launch led to a 1 km 0 62 mi flight 9 m 29 5 ft from the ground 18 Mar 1937 41 Herbert G Brackley 4 Oct 189415 Nov 1948 EnglandUnited StatesJapan Aviator Propeller First flight from Newfoundland to New York 1919 42 organised the Japanese Naval Air Arm 1921 1924 43 first Air Superintendent of Imperial Airways 1924 44 Eduardo Bradley 9 Apr 18873 Jun 1951 Argentina DesignConstructionAviator Balloon First crossing of the Andes in a coal gas filled balloon 24 Jun 1916 45 nb 10 set numerous ballooning records duration 28 hours 10 minutes distance 900 km 559 mi nb 11 citation needed Marcel Brindejonc des Moulinais 18 Feb 189218 Aug 1916 France Aviator Propeller Finished first but did not win the Geisler Challenge Trophy 1913 nb 12 long distance champion 48 Vadelaincourt France shot down Artur de Sacadura Cabral 23 May 188115 Nov 1924 Portugal Aviator Propeller Director Naval Aviation Services 1918 first aerial crossing of the South Atlantic with Gago Coutinho using a Fairey III D 49 30 Mar 17 Jun 1922 nb 13 disappeared English Channel crossing George Cayley 27 Dec 1773 15 Dec 1857 England ScienceDesignConstruction GliderPropellerRotor Experimented in aeronautics at age 13 with a Chinese top 1796 28 first design of a fixed wing aircraft 1799 51 used a whirling arm to test aerofoils at varying angles 1804 51 presented a paper outlining specific design parameters for building a glider 1810 51 designed constructed and had flown short hop a tri plane 1849 Cayley was one of the most significant pioneers in aviation history nb 14 Giuseppe Cei 25 Jan 188928 Mar 1911 Italy Italy France Aviator Propeller Flew around the Eiffel tower 19 Mar 1911 52 citation needed Bleriot airplane near Puteaux France citation needed Hezarfen Ahmed Celebi 16091640 Turkey DesignConstructionAviator Glider Reportedly achieved sustained unpowered flight for 3 36 km 2 mi c 1638 53 nb 15 Lagari Hasan Celebi 17th century Turkey DesignConstructionAviator Rocket Reported to have achieved flight 20 seconds to an elevation of roughly 300 meters using a winged rocket powered by gunpowder c 1630s 53 Henri Coandă 7 Jun 188625 Nov 1972 Romania France Great Britain Romania ScienceDesignConstruction GliderPropellerJet Designed Coandă 1910 with a propeller less aero reactive engine exhibited Paris Air Show Oct 1910 55 56 followed by a claimed but generally discounted first flight 16 Dec 1910 57 before WWI designed the Bristol Coanda Monoplanes in Great Britain discovered Coandă effect 1930 58 nb 16 Samuel Franklin Cody 6 Mar 18677 Aug 1913 United States United States Great Britain DesignConstructionAviator GliderPropeller Developed and flew human lifting kites kite instructor for the Royal Engineers 1904 contributed to the development of the British Army Dirigible No 1 Nulli Secundus 1907 60 first flight of a piloted airplane in Great Britain 16 Oct 1908 1 390 ft 61 62 issued Royal Aero Club certificate No 10 14 Jun 1910 Cody Floatplane with passenger William Evans Aldershot England Alfred Comte 4 Jun 18951 Nov 1965 Switzerland DesignManufacture Propeller Swiss pilot s license 1908 partner and chief pilot Ad Astra Aero 1920 designed and built aircraft 1923 35 63 established an aviation school 1946 50 64 Gago Coutinho 17 Feb 186918 Feb 1959 Portugal Aviator Propeller First aerial crossing of the South Atlantic using a Fairey III D 65 with Artur de Sacadura Cabral 30 Mar 17 Jun 1922 nb 17 developed a sextant type instrument to create an artificial horizon 67 Glenn Curtiss 21 May 187823 Jul 1930 United States United States Canada DesignConstructionManufactureAviator PropellerRotor Director of Experiments Aerial Experiment Association 1907 09 11 designed the June Bug 1908 and won the Scientific American Trophy 4 Jul 1908 by making the first official one kilometer flight in North America 68 co designer Red Wing 1908 White Wing 1908 and Silver Dart 1909 founded his own company 1909 which became the Curtiss Aeroplane and Motor Company 1916 designed built and flew the first successful flying boat 12 Jan 1912 69 established Canada s first aviation training school in Toronto 1915 70 awarded the Langley Gold Medal 1913 71 Giacomo D Angelis 1844 France India DesignConstructionAviator Propeller First reported flight in Asia Madras India 10 Mar 1910 72 in a self constructed biplane 73 Felix du Temple 18 Jul 18234 Nov 1890 France Science DesignConstructionAviator Propeller With his brother built a monoplane which accelerating down a slope staggered briefly into the air 1874 2 considered by some to be the powered take off 74 or hop of a powered fixed wing aircraft 75 76 Bertram Dickson 21 Dec 1873 28 Sep 1913 United Kingdom Aviator Propeller First British serviceman to fly 1910 gained Aero Club de France license no 81 on 12 April 77 Dickson took part in the Lanark flying meet in August 1910 where he won the 400 prize for the greatest aggregate distance flown 78 died 1913 of injuries from 1910 midair collisionArmand Dufaux andHenri Dufaux 13 Jan 188317 Jul 1941and18 Sep 187925 Dec 1980 Switzerland DesignConstructionAviator PropellerRotor Working together patented a design for a helicopter 1904 constructed and demonstrated a working model 13 17 Apr 1905 79 80 designed and built the first Swiss airplanes 81 including the biplane Dufaux 4 and Dufaux 5 Armand set a new over water distance record of 66 km 41 mi crossing Lake Geneva 28 Aug 1910 82 J W Dunne 187524 Aug 1949 Ireland ScienceDesignConstructionAviator Glider Propeller Discussed aeronautics and aviation with H G Wells c 1901 83 member Royal Engineers working on design and construction of the first British military airplane 1906 08 83 in secret military trials and with a career goal of improving stability during flight 84 Dunne s aircraft flew approximately 40 meters 1908 83 development of his V shaped swept wing design significantly advanced flight stability nb 18 Eilmer of Malmesbury c 984unk unk DesignConstructionAviator Pre historyGlider Reportedly flew 200 meters from a tower 28 using rigid wings c 1005 10 Eugene Ely 21 Oct 188619 Oct 1911 United States Aviator Propeller First airplane Curtiss Model D take off from a ship USS Birmingham 14 Nov 1910 nb 19 86 first landing Curtiss Model D on a ship USS Pennsylvania using a tailhook 18 Jan 1911 nb 20 Macon Georgia flight exhibition August Euler 20 Nov 18681 Jul 1957 Germany DesignManufactureAviator Propeller Built Voisin Freres aircraft 1908 first German pilot s license 1909 88 German flight duration record 3hr 6min 18sec 1910 89 Ernest Failloubaz 27 Jul 189214 May 1919 Switzerland ConstructionAviatorSupport Propeller Constructed and piloted the first aircraft in Switzerland 10 May 1910 90 first Swiss pilot s license 10 Oct 1910 90 Henry Farman 26 May 187417 Jul 1958 France nb 21 DesignConstructionManufactureAviator Propeller Winner in the Voisin Farman No 1 of the Deutsch Archdeacon Prize 13 Jan 1908 nb 22 with brothers Richard and Maurice founded Farman Aviation Works 1908 91 Ferdinand Ferber 8 Feb 186222 Sep 1909 France DesignConstructionAviatorSupport GliderPropeller Attempted unsuccessfully to replicate the Wright 1901 Glider from photographs designed a series of aircraft Ferber I through Ferber IX for the Antoinette Company designed constructed and flew the first tractor configuration biplane May 1905 93 Voisin biplane Boulogne France 94 Anton Anthony Fokker 6 Apr 189023 Dec 1939 Dutch East Indies Germany Netherlands United States DesignConstructionManufactureAviator Propeller Designed built and flew the Spin 31 Aug 1911 95 involved with the Luftstreitkrafte during WWI constructed nb 23 a machine gun synchronizer 22 Apr 1915 97 leading to an aviation period known as the Fokker Scourge 97 founded the US based Atlantic Aircraft Corporation 1924 to manufacture his product in the United States nb 24 Lyman Gilmore Jr 11 Jun 187418 Feb 1951 United States DesignConstruction Propeller Based largely on self report and a 1936 interview Tethered glider flight 1893 99 free glider flight 1894 99 claimed in 1927 controlled steam powered aircraft flight 15 May 1902 99 all records papers and aircraft were destroyed in a fire 100 opened first commercial airfield 15 Mar 1907 101 Tryggve Gran 20 Jan 18888 Jan 1980 Norway Norway Great Britain Aviator Propeller First flight across the North Sea 30 Jul 1914 102 four hours ten minutes from Cruden Bay Scotland to Klep near Stavanger Norway in a Bleriot monoplane Rene Grandjean 12 Nov 188414 Apr 1963 Switzerland DesignConstructionAviator Propeller Designed and built aircraft for Ernest Failloubaz and his record setting flight 1910 103 first snow takeoff and landing using skis 2 Feb 1912 104 first water takeoff in a Swiss seaplane 4 Aug 1912 105 Andrea Grimaldi c 1701 Italy DesignConstruction Glider Italian monk reported to have flown from Calais to London in a bird shaped airship with a 22 foot wingspan Oct 1751 106 107 Augustus Moore Herring 3 Aug 186717 Jul 1926 United States DesignConstruction GliderPropeller Assisted S P Langley May Nov 1895 108 test pilot for Octave Chanute 109 designed the Herring regulator designed and constructed a compressed air motorized biplane and reported a 15 meter hop 10 Oct 1898 and a 22 meter hop 12 Oct 1898 110 business partners with Glenn Curtiss 1909 Howard Hughes 24 Dec 19055 Apr 1976 United States DesignManufactureAviatorSupport Propeller Founded Hughes Aircraft 1932 nb 25 set record for flying around the world 91 hours in a Lockheed Super Electra 1938 received the Congressional Gold Medal 1939 for achievements in aviation majority stockholder in TWA 1939 citation needed Vecihi Hurkus 6 Jan 189516 Jul 1969 Turkey DesignConstructionAviator Propeller Constructed and flew 15 minutes the first airplane in Turkey Vecihi K VI 28 Jan 1925 111 founded Turkey s first flying school 27 Sep 1932 111 Abbas Ibn Firnas 810887 Spain DesignConstructionAviator Pre historyGlider A 9th century polymath covered himself with feathers and wings 28 and flew faster than the phoenix in his flight when he dressed his body in the feathers of a vulture c 875 10 Karl Jatho 3 Feb 18738 Dec 1933 Germany DesignConstructionAviator Propeller Made an aerial leap 18 meters in a powered airplane 18 Aug 1903 112 nb 26 Hugo Junkers 3 Feb 18593 Feb 1935 Germany ScienceDesignConstructionManufacture Propeller Engineer thermodynamicist pioneer developer of practical all metal airframe structures first used in the 1915 16 Junkers J 1 using all cantilever structural concepts meant to place all strength bearing components within an airframe s outer envelope and established all metal aircraft manufacturing techniques later used by American designer William Bushnell Stout and Soviet designer Andrei Tupolev after World War I 113 Wilhelm Kress 29 Jul 183624 Feb 1913 Russia Austria ScienceDesignConstructionAviator GliderPropeller Developed a successful rubber band powered model of a hang glider 1877 114 designed aircraft control stick 1900 citation needed executed short hops over water in his Drachenflieger 1901 citation needed Francesco Lana de Terzi 16311687 Italy ScienceDesign Pre historyBalloon Designed an airship based on the theory of using evacuated metal spheres to create a lighter than air vehicle 1670 10 28 Samuel Langley 22 Aug 183427 Feb 1906 United States ScienceDesignConstruction Propeller Designed and developed the Aerodrome No 5 as a successful steam engine powered model which flew for 90 seconds covering roughly 3 300 ft 6 May 1896 115 conversion into a larger piloted aircraft was unsuccessful 1903 116 Stephen Latchford 4 Feb 18831 Oct 1974 United States ScienceSupport n a United States diplomat head of State Department s early aviation committees aviation specialist during Franklin D Roosevelt and Harry S Truman administrations Also Chairman of United States Section at the International Technical Committee of Aerial Legal Experts citation needed Otto Lilienthal 23 May 184810 Aug 1896 Germany ScienceDesignConstructionManufactureAviator Glider Designed and constructed a monoplane Derwitzer Glider 1891 117 after nearly 2 000 flights he constructed a two surfaced glider 1895 118 Glider crash 9 Aug 1896 Gollenberg Germany 119 Charles Lindbergh 4 Feb 190226 Aug 1974 United States AviatorSupport Propeller First solo non stop flight across the Atlantic Ocean from New York to Paris in the Spirit of St Louis 20 21 May 1927 9 Ed Link 26 Jul 19047 Sep 1981 United States ScienceDesignSupport n a Inventor of the Link Trainer flight simulator 1929 120 received Royal Aeronautical Society Wakefield Gold Medal 1947 121 Mikhail Lomonosov 19 Nov 171115 Apr 1765 Russian Empire ScienceDesignConstruction Rotor Designed and constructed a model of a coaxial propeller helicopter Jul 1754 122 to lift meteorological instruments 123 Albin K Longren 18 Jan 188219 Nov 1950 United States AviatorDesignManufacture Propeller Early pilot 1911 and barnstormer Designed and manufactured numerous airplane models including the Longren AK with the first semi monocoque body 124 William S Luckey 15 Feb 187520 Dec 1915 United States Aviator Propeller Began flying at age 52 1912 Curtiss Exhibition Flyers 1913 15 125 winner Round Manhattan Race 13 Oct 1913 nb 27 critically injured 6 Sep 1915 in Sturgeon Falls ON Canada Daniel J Maloney 187918 July 1906 United States Aviator Glider American pioneering aviator and test pilot who made the first high altitude flights by man using Montgomery gliders in 1905 127 Glider Santa Clara California Hiram Stevens Maxim 5 Feb 184024 Nov 1916 United States United Kingdom ScienceDesignConstruction RotorPropeller Patented a design for a steam powered flying machine 1889 and refined in 1891 128 successful track tethered test of a steam engine powered biplane Jul 1894 129 designed and constructed a biplane that never flew 1910 130 John Alexander Douglas McCurdy 2 Aug 188625 Jun 1961 Canada DesignConstructionManufactureAviator GliderPropeller Treasurer amp Assistant Engineer Aerial Experiment Association 1907 09 11 first controlled powered flight in Canada Silver Dart 23 Feb 1909 12 with Casey Baldwin and financial support from Alexander Graham Bell formed the Canadian Aerodrome Company Canada s first aircraft manufacturing company 15 Walter Mittelholzer 2 Apr 18949 May 1937 Switzerland ScienceAviatorSupport Propeller Director and head pilot of Ad Astra Aero later becoming Swissair 131 first north south crossing of Africa 7 Dec 1926 21 Feb 1927 citation needed pioneer of aerial photography Spitsbergen 1923 Mount Kilimanjaro 1929 citation needed personally flew delivered a Fokker to Emperor Haile Selassie I 1934 132 John Joseph Montgomery 15 Feb 185831 Oct 1911 United States ScienceDesignConstructionAviator Glider Designed and constructed a series of early gliders first to achieve unpowered controlled flight in the United States 1884 Designed tandem wing gliders flown from high altitude balloon launches 1904 1905 including first public flight exhibition in United States 29 April 1905 Developed pitcheron systems for control first developed and applied in 1886 re applied in 1911 127 133 Glider Evergreen California Edwin Moon 8 Jun 188629 Apr 1920 England DesignConstructionAviator Propeller Designed constructed and flew a monoplane Moonbeam early to mid 1910 134 the meadows of North Stoneham Farm which he used to take off and land 135 would later become Southampton Airport Flying boat Felixstowe England J T C Moore Brabazon 8 Feb 188417 May 1964 England Aviator Propeller Holder of Royal Aero Club certificate No 1 136 First United Kingdom citizen to make a flight in Britain 137 Alexander Mozhayskiy 21 Mar 18251 Apr 1890 Finland ScienceDesignConstruction GliderPropeller Designed and constructed a steam engine powered airplane that reportedly flew hopped 20 30 meters with the assistance of a ramp 1884 138 139 140 Clyde Pangborn 28 Oct 189529 Mar 1958 United States Aviator Propeller First non stop trans Pacific flight 5 Oct 1931 141 Cecil Pashley 14 May 18911969 Great Britain Flight trainerAviator GliderPropeller Founded the South Coast Flying club Trained British pilots during world War I and World War II Richard Pearse 3 Dec 187729 Jul 1953 New Zealand DesignConstructionAviator Propeller Reportedly achieved powered but poorly controlled flight 31 Mar 1903 142 143 nb 28 Horatio Phillips 18451924 England ScienceDesignConstruction GliderPropeller Aeronautic theory advancement of wind tunnel design 1880s 144 development of aerofoil design 145 patented as blades for deflecting air 1884 146 and 1891 147 designed multiplanes with multiple sets of lifting surfaces patented 1890 148 constructed 1893 149 first powered hop flight 500 ft in Great Britain 1907 93 Percy Pilcher 16 Jan 18661 Oct 1899 England ScienceDesignConstructionAviator Glider Designed and constructed hang glider The Bat first to achieve unpowered controlled flight in Great Britain 12 Sep 1895 150 crash related injuries suffered on 30 Sep 1899 glider The Hawk near Stanford Hall England 151 John Cyril Porte 26 Feb 188422 Oct 1919 Ireland Ireland Great Britain DesignConstructionManufactureAviator Propeller Aero Club de France aviator certificate 28 Jul 1911 test pilot 1913 14 69 began to design and construct with Glen Curtiss an aircraft capable of transatlantic flight 1914 152 testing was successful but the flight was cancelled due to the outbreak of World War I 153 Royal Naval Air Service Squadron Commander RAF Hendon 1914 secret U S visit as an official envoy testing aircraft for the British Government Sep 1915 154 Commander Royal Naval Airstation Felixstowe conducted flying boat research designed and constructed the Porte Baby 1916 69 Augustus Post 25 Dec 18734 Oct 1952 United States FlyingSupporting Propeller Original founder of Aero Club of America which later became the National Aeronautic Association 155 Thirteenth man to fly solo in 1908 156 Served as aid to Glenn Curtiss and co authored The Curtiss Aviation Book published in 1912 157 Participated in Aerial Experiment Association 158 Served as official timer for Orville Wright s record setting 57 minute flight at Ft Myer Virginia on September 9 1908 159 Edvard Rusjan 6 Jun 18869 Jan 1911 Austria Hungary Slovenia Croatia DesignConstructionAviator Propeller Designed constructed and flew the first airplane in Slovenia 25 Nov 1909 160 Belgrade Serbia first Serbian air exposition Charles Samson 8 July 18835 Feb 1931 United Kingdom Aviator Propeller One of the first four British naval officers to train as a pilot 161 first to fly an airplane a Short S 27 biplane off a moving ship HMS Hibernia May 1912 162 Alberto Santos Dumont 20 Jul 187323 Jul 1932 Brazil France ScienceDesignConstructionManufactureAviatorSupport BalloonAirshipPropeller Winner Deutsch Prize 19 Oct 1901 163 first powered winged aircraft flight in Europe 13 Sep 1906 164 winner Archdeacon Cup 23 Oct 1906 and Aero Club de France Prize 12 Nov 1906 164 designed a light weight monoplane Demoiselle and released the second variant No 20 from copyright or license late 1909 165 Ivan Saric 27 Jun 187623 Aug 1966 Austria Hungary Serbia DesignConstruction PropellerRotor First public flight in Serbia then Austro Hungary 16 Oct 1910 166 nb 29 Thomas Selfridge 8 Feb 188217 Sep 1908 United States United States Canada DesignConstructionAviator AirshipPropeller Secretary Aerial Experiment Association 1907 09 11 U S Army Lieutenant who assisted the AEA in engineering designing and piloting the Red Wing first U S Military officer to pilot a powered aircraft White Wing 19 May 1908 citation needed first fatality of powered flight 17 Sep 1908 nb 30 Igor Sikorsky 25 May 188926 Oct 1972 Russian Empire Russia United States ScienceDesignConstructionManufactureAviator PropellerRotor Designed and constructed the first four engine aircraft the Russky Vityaz cabin biplane flew 13 May 1913 169 and the Ilya Muromets prototype for a commercial airplane 1914 first brief flight in a practical helicopter 14 Sep 1939 170 Sir Charles Kingsford Smith 9 Feb 18978 Nov 1935 Australia Great Britain United States Australia Aviator Propeller First transpacific flight from the United States to Australia in the Southern Cross 31 May 9 Jun 1928 171 nb 31 first non stop Australian transcontinental flight Aug 1928 172 first trans Tasman flight 10 11 Sep 1928 172 disappeared Lady Southern Cross over the Bay of Bengal 173 Sir Thomas Sopwith 18 Jan 1888 27 Jan 1989 England Design ConstructionManufactureAviator Propeller Royal Aero Club license No 31 22 Nov 1910 won 4000 Baron de Forest prize for the longest flight from England to the Continent in a British built aeroplane 169 miles 272 km in 3 hours 40 minutes in a Howard Wright 1910 Biplane 18 Dec 1910 established the Sopwith Aviation Company with Fred Sigrist 1912 and a Sopwith floatplane won the secondSchneider Trophy race 1913 The company produced more than 18 000 aircraft during World War I including the Sopwith Camel fighter Post war co founded Hawker Aircraft 174 Eduard Spelterini 2 Jun 185216 Jun 1931 Switzerland France Switzerland Denmark ScienceAviator Balloon Licensed by the Academie d Aerostation meteorologique de France as a balloon pilot 1877 citation needed Swiss pioneer of ballooning and aerial photography nb 32 multiple crossings of the Alps 175 assisted in medical research 1902 nb 33 Emile Taddeoli 8 Mar 187924 May 1920 Switzerland DesignConstructionAviator Propeller Swiss flight certificate No 2 10 Oct 1910 177 pioneer of flying boats e g SIAI S 13 chief seaplane pilot for Ad Astra Aero citation needed first seaplane crossing of the Alps 12 Jul 1919 178 Savoia flying boat demonstration flight Romanshorn Switzerland 177 Shivkar Bapuji Talpade 18641916 India DesignConstruction Reportedly launched an unmanned airplane Marutsakha 1895 citation needed Czeslaw Tanski 17 Jul 186224 Feb 1942 Poland ScienceDesignConstructionAviator GliderRotorPropeller First successful model glider in Poland 1894 179 first glider flight in Poland 1896 179 biplane flight 1911 179 Nicholas A Teleshov nb 34 18281895 Russia ScienceDesignConstruction Propeller Received patent with Gustave de Struve for a steam engine powered flying machine capable of carrying 120 people i e commercial passenger aircraft 1864 180 and for a navigable balloon 1883 181 E Lilian Todd 186526 Sep 1937 United States DesignerConstruction Propeller First female aircraft designer c 1906 182 Juan Trippe 27 Jun 18993 Apr 1981 United States Manufacture Support n a Founded several airlines including Colonial Air Transport 1926 and the Aviation Corporation of the Americas 1927 which would become Pan American Airways created economy class to encourage travel proponent of jet aircraft ordering Boeing 707 and Douglas DC 8 aircraft requested a larger airplane resulting in the Boeing 747 recipient Tony Jannus Award 1965 Jules Vedrines 21 Dec 188121 Apr 1919 France Aviator Propeller First pilot to fly at more than 100 miles per hour 160 km h on 2 Feb 1912 won Gordon Bennett Trophy race in 1912 flying a Deperdussin Monocoque St Rambert d Albon near Lyon en route for Rome flying a Caudron C 23 183 Alfred V Verville 16 Nov 189010 Mar 1970 United States DesignManufactureSupport Propeller Designed the Verville Packard R 1 Racer 1919 which won the first Pulitzer Speed Trophy 1920 the M 1 Massenger 1921 the Verville Sperry R 3 Racer 1922 the second aircraft with retractable landing gear after the Dayton Wright RB 1 Racer member U S Navy Bureau of Aeronautics 1946 61 Aurel Vlaicu 19 Nov 188213 Sep 1913 Romania DesignConstructionAviator GliderPropeller Designed built and flew a glider 1909 a powered airplane Vlaicu Nr I 17 Jun 1910 Vlaicu Nr II near Campina attempting to cross the Carpathian Mountains in flight for the first time 184 Vlaicu Nr III the world s first metal built aircraft was under construction at the time of his death but was completed in early 1914 by his collaborators 185 Gabriel Voisin 5 Feb 188025 Dec 1973 France DesignConstructionManufactureAviator GliderPropeller With brother Charles built gliders for Ernest Archdeacon 1902 186 designed and constructed the first French powered aircraft Voisin 1907 biplane to achieve sustained controlled flight 1 Oct 1907 186 nb 35 founded Appareils d Aviation Les Freres Voisin the first aircraft manufacturing company 1906 187 Traian Vuia 17 Aug 18723 Sep 1950 Romania France DesignConstructionAviator PropellerRotor Flight in tractor monoplane France 6 Mar 1906 55 93 Preston Watson 17 May 188030 Jun 1915 Scotland DesignConstructionAviator GliderPropeller On the eve of the 50th anniversary of the Wright Brothers historic flight 1953 and thirty eight years after Watson s death his brother James claimed that Preston had achieved powered flight before the Wrights 188 He recanted in 1955 stating he had never claimed it was powered flight 93 Francis Herbert Wenham 18241908 United Kingdom ScienceConstructor Glider The first scientist to deduce the main properties of cambered aerofoil 189 Built gliders and with John Browning the world s first wind tunnel in 1871 189 John Weston 17 Jun 187224 Jul 1950 South Africa DesignConstructionFlyingSupport n a Regarded as the grandfather of South African aviation 190 and South Africa s first aviator 191 1907 to 1909 designed and constructed first aircraft built in South Africa 190 founder of Aeronautical Society of South Africa AeSSA 1911 to 1912 gave numerous flying demonstrations throughout southern Africa to popularise flight 190 192 Gustave Whitehead Weisskopf 1 Jan 187410 Oct 1927 Germany United States DesignConstructionAviator GliderPropeller Designed and constructed a powered airplane mid 1901 193 claims to have made the first 1899 194 second 14 Aug 1901 194 and third 17 Jan 1902 194 controlled powered airplane flights This claim has long since been in dispute 1 195 196 197 Jan Wnek 182810 Jul 1869 Poland DesignConstruction Glider Allegedly designed constructed flew a controllable glider 1866 citation needed Wright brothers OrvilleandWilbur 19 Aug 187130 Jan 1948and16 Apr 186730 May 1912 United States ScienceDesignConstructionManufactureAviatorSupport GliderPropeller Together designed and constructed biplane kite 1899 invented wing warping for flight control c 1899 and the aeronautical concept of three axis control 198 designed and constructed the 1900 1901 and 1902 Gliders and the powered 1903 Flyer used data from systematic wind tunnel testing to design efficient air foils and propellers first powered controlled sustained flight Orville for 12 seconds covering 37 meters 17 Dec 1903 and documented Wilbur first complete circle in a powered manned airplane 20 Sep 1904 Wilbur Wright Flyer III circular flight of 38 9 km 24 m 23 Jun 1905 Czeslaw Zbieranski 6 Dec 188531 May 1982 Poland Poland United States DesignConstructionAviator Propeller With Stanislaw Cywinski designed and constructed Poland s first airplane May 1911 flown 25 Sep 1911 199 See also Edit Aviation portal Biography portalHistory of aviation Timeline of women in aviationNotes Edit Ader was regarded by many to be the French father of aviation 5 Wilbur Wright flew around the Statue of Liberty 29 September 1909 Bell s initial kite like designs were built by McCurdy and Baldwin and could only sustain flight by being towed into the air 20 Taught Fiorello La Guardia how to fly in exchange for driving lessons 22 Crossing the Pyrenees from Pau to Madrid 25 airmail flight from Basel to Liestal Crossing the Alps from Bern to Sion 26 Geoffrey s publication in 1138 almost 2 000 years after the alleged flight is the first historical mention of Bladud 30 This claim is disputed since the test pilot was a seasoned cyclist and it has been claimed that only someone with extreme conditioning and or endurance could fly the Pedaliante 40 From Santiago Chile to Mendoza Argentina reaching an altitude of 8 100 m 26 575 ft 46 From Buenos Aires to Rio Grande do Sul See reference for disqualification details 47 From Lisbon to Rio de Janeiro in 79 days with only 62 hours of flying time using three different planes two were lost at sea and relying solely on astronomical navigation 50 Wilbur Wright in 1909 commented on Cayley About 100 years ago an Englishman Sir George Cayley carried the science of flying to a point which it had never reached before and which it scarcely reached again during the last century 51 Gliding from the Galata Tower across the Bosphorus landing at Dogancilar Square 54 Quote from Coanda A poet is a man who sees abstract worlds and tries to bring them in the concrete world In this regard I believe that any inventor engineer or scientist regardless of the aria of his concerns is also a poet 59 From Lisbon to Rio de Janeiro in 79 days with only 62 hours of flying time using three different planes two were lost at sea and relying solely on astronomical navigation 66 In January of 1912 Dunne demonstrated improved flight stability by taking a full page of notes on paper during a 6 minute solo flight with two turns 84 Modifications for take off required outfitting the ship with an 83 foot long ramp sloping 5 degrees over the bow The ramp s forward edge was 37 feet above the water 85 The landing platform constructed of pine planks was 130 feet long by 32 feet wide Ten feet of it hung at an angle with a drop of four feet over the stern of the ship The arresting gear comprised 21 ropes each with 50 pound sandbags attached to either end laid across the runway Each rope was suspended 8 inches above the deck Three hooks had been affixed to the underside of the aircraft to catch on the ropes when the landing was made 87 Born in France to a British family Farman took French nationality in 1937 91 Awarded to the inventor of a flying machine who shall first accomplish a flight of one kilometer in a closed circuit without touching the ground 92 The design was an adaptation of the device recovered by the Germans from the downed airplane of Roland Garros 96 The death of Knute Rockne in the 1931 crash of a Transcontinental amp Western Air Fokker F 10 was highly publicized and shook the public s confidence in Fokker aircraft 98 Designed and manufactured aircraft e g H 1 Racer 1935 Hughes H 4 Hercules or Spruce Goose the AIM 4 Falcon air to air missile German historians do not claim that he made proper flights but only that he was the first in Germany to leave the ground in a powered aeroplane under its own power 93 A 60 mile circuit around Manhattan Island which he completed in just under 53 minutes 126 Despite over 50 years of research on his achievements no substantiated proof exists regarding the dates of his work It has been suggested that Saric s first unobserved flight may have been in late June 1910 167 While flying as a passenger with Orville Wright Selfridge was the first to die in an aircraft accident 168 With intermediate stops at Hawaii and Fiji covering roughly 11 566 km 7 187 mi Spelterini began aerial photography in approximately 1893 and began taking a camera on his flights Some highlights include Egypt 1904 and South Africa 1911 citation needed Took a Swiss professor to high altitude to conduct blood related experiments 1902 176 AKA Teleshova Teleshev Nicolas de Telescheff citation needed The Voisin 1907 biplane was flown by Henry Farman to win the Deutsch Archdeacon Prize 13 January 1908 186 References Edit a b Zahm Albert F 1944 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edu Retrieved 2016 01 22 From the archive 15 December 1953 Scots claim to first flight TheGuardian com 14 December 2010 Retrieved 3 September 2013 a b Francis Windrow 1970 p 11 a b c Oberholzer H Pioneers of early aviation in South Africa Memoirs van die Nasionale Museum Memoir No 7 1974 Illsley J W In Southern skies a pictorial history of early aviation in Southern Africa 1816 1940 Jonathan Ball Publishers 2003 Home johnwestonaviator co uk A New Flying Machine Scientific American 84 23 357 8 June 1901 doi 10 1038 scientificamerican06081901 357a Retrieved 3 September 2013 a b c Randolph Stella Phillips Harvey 1935 Did Whitehead Precede Wright Popular Aviation 16 1 22 24 55 57 Retrieved 3 September 2013 Kelly pp 107 10 Bongartz Jr Roy 1981 The Wright Brothers claim of primacy in powered flight still can t shake the ghost of Connecticut s crazy German Popular Mechanics 156 6 68 70 72 74 Retrieved 3 September 2013 Paulin David 1986 Wrights or Wrong Popular Aviation 113 8 96 Retrieved 3 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Gibbs Smith Charles H 2003 Aviation An Historical Survey of its Origins to the end of the Second World War London NMSI Trading LTD ISBN 1 900747 52 9 Grant R G 2007 Flight The complete history New York DK Publishing ISBN 978 0 7566 1902 2 Grosser Morton 2004 Gossamer Odyssey The Triumph of Human Powered Flight St Paul MN MBI Publishing Company ISBN 0 7603 2051 9 Headland Robert K 1989 Chronological List of Antarctic Expeditions and Related Historical Events Great Britain Cambridge University Press ISBN 0 521 30903 4 Kelly Maurice 2006 Steam in the Air The Application of Steam Power in Aviation During the 19th Century England Pen amp Sword Aviation ISBN 1 84415 295 2 Longyard William H 1994 Who s Who in Aviation 500 Biographies History California Presidio Press ISBN 0 89141 556 4 Major R Storer J D Thompson C L 1990 Guide to the Aircraft Collection Museum of Flight East Fortune Airfield East Lothian Scotland National Museums of Scotland ISBN 978 0 94863 648 6 Mann John Edgar 2002 Book of Stonehams Tiverton UK Halsgrove ISBN 1 84114 213 1 Mason Francis K Windrow Martin C 1970 Air Fact and Feats London Guinness Superlatives Limited ISBN 0 900424 53 2 Milberry Larry 1979 Aviation in Canada Toronto McGraw Hill Ryerson ISBN 0 07 082778 8 Milberry Larry 2008 Aviation in Canada The Pioneer Decades Vol 1 Toronto CANAV Books ISBN 978 0 921022 19 0 Milizia Francesco 1826 The Lives of Celebrated Architects Ancient and Modern Vol II London J Taylor Architectural Library Molson Ken M Taylor Harold A 1982 Canadian Aircraft Since 1909 Stittsville Ontario Canada s Wings Inc ISBN 0 920002 11 0 Taylor H A 1974 Fairey Aircraft Since 1915 Annapolis Putnam Aeronautical Books ISBN 0 87021 208 7 Turner Charles Cyril 1912 The Romance of Aeronautics Philadelphia J B Lippincott Co Wragg David W 1974 Flight Before Flying London Osprey ISBN 0 85045 165 5 Zahm Albert F 1911 Aerial Navigation New York D Appleton and Company Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title List of aviation 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