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Anklam

February 16, 2024

Anklam (German pronunciation: [ˈaŋklam] ⓘ), formerly known as Tanglim and Wendenburg,[2] is a town in the Western Pomerania region of Mecklenburg-Vorpommern in north-eastern Germany. It is situated on the banks of the Peene river, just 8 km from its mouth in the Kleines Haff, the western part of the Szczecin Lagoon. Anklam has a population of 12,177 (2021) and was the capital of the former Ostvorpommern district. Since September 2011, it has been part of the district of Vorpommern-Greifswald.

Anklam
Town
Market square
Coat of arms
Location of Anklam within Vorpommern-Greifswald district
Anklam
Anklam
Coordinates: 53°51′N 13°41′E / 53.850°N 13.683°E / 53.850; 13.683
CountryGermany
StateMecklenburg-Vorpommern
DistrictVorpommern-Greifswald
Government
 • MayorMichael Galander (Ind.)
Area
 • Total56.57 km2 (21.84 sq mi)
Elevation
5 m (16 ft)
Population
 (2021-12-31)[1]
 • Total12,177
 • Density220/km2 (560/sq mi)
Time zoneUTC+01:00 (CET)
 • Summer (DST)UTC+02:00 (CEST)
Postal codes
17389
Dialling codes03971
Vehicle registrationVG, ANK
Websitewww.anklam.de

History edit

 
Brick Gothic Steintor
 
Garrison church of Anklam, evidence of Prussian tradition of the town

In the early Middle Ages, there was an important Scandinavian and Wendish settlement in the area near the present town now known as Altes Lager Menzlin. Anklam proper began as an associated Wendish fortress.[3]

In the Middle Ages the town was a part of the Duchy of Pomerania. During the German expansion eastwards, the abandoned fortress was developed into a settlement named Tanglim[2] after its new founder. The site possesses importance as the head of navigation on the Peene.[2] It was elevated to town status in 1244 and became a member of the Hanseatic League the same year[3] or in 1483.[citation needed] The town remained small and non-influential, but achieved a measure of wealth and prosperity with its membership.

 
St. Mary in Anklam
 
St. Nicholas, being reconstructed, 2012

As a town of considerable military importance, it suffered greatly during the Thirty Years' War[2] when Swedish and Imperial troops battled over it across a twenty-year span. Amid this and subsequent wars, it also endured repeated outbreaks of fire and plague.[2] It was occupied by imperial forces from 1627 to 1630,[4] and thereafter by Swedish forces.[5] After the war, Anklam became part of Swedish Pomerania in 1648. In 1676, it was captured by Frederick William of Brandenburg.[3]

In 1713, Anklam was looted by soldiers of the Tsardom of Russia.[3] That it was not burned to the ground, as ordered by Peter the Great, was in large part due to the resistance of Christian Thomesen Carl ("Carlson"), after whom a street is named in remembrance. The southern parts of the town were ceded to Prussia by the 1720 Treaty of Stockholm,[3] while a smaller section north of the Peene remained Swedish. It was damaged again during the Seven Years' War in the 1750s and 1760s, with its fortifications being effectively dismantled in 1762.[2] Sweden yielded its remaining part of the town in 1815, when all of Western Pomerania became part of the Prussian province of Pomerania.

In the 19th century, Anklam was connected with Berlin and Stettin (Szczecin) by rail and developed its manufacture of linen and woolen goods, leather, beer, and soap.[2] Its 1871 population was 10,739,[2] which had risen to 14,602 by the turn of the century.[3] By the time of the First World War, it possessed a military school and developed iron foundries and sugar factories.[3] In 1939 the Wehrmacht took over the military school and constructed a military prison on the grounds. In September 1942, the FStGA 8 field penal battalion for Allied prisoners-of-war was established and afterwards relocated to the eastern front.[6]

Anklam was nearly completely destroyed by several bombing raids of the U.S. Air Force in 1943 and 1944 and in the last days of World War II, when the advancing Soviets burned and leveled most of the town. During the final stages of the war, in February 1945, the German-perpetrated death march of Allied POWs from the Stalag XX-B POW camp passed through the town.[7] After the war, Anklam became part of the East German state of Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, and after the dissolution of the province it was part of Bezirk Neubrandenburg from 1952 to 1990. The town was rebuilt in the rather uniform socialist style.

After the 1990 reunification of Germany, Anklam became part of the state of Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, re-created at that time.

Population development edit

Year 1350 1600 1740 1765 1770 1790 1800 1875 1910 1939 1950 1981 1988 2003 2010 2016 2017 2021
Inhabitants 3.000 6.000 2.961 3.036 3.278 3.224 4.470 11.781 15.279 19.682 20.160 20.496 19.685 15.826 13.433 12.635 12.521 12.177

Sights edit

 
Memorial in front of the Otto-Lilienthal-Museum

Anklam was a prosperous medieval city but suffered severely during the Thirty Years' War, the Seven Years' War, and the Second World War, as well as from periodic fires. Nonetheless, Anklam has some significant buildings remaining. The 12th-century church of St Mary was rebuilt in the 15th century,[8] had a modern spire added in the 19th,[3] and was repaired in 1947.[8]

Museums edit

Transport edit

Anklam is connected with the Autobahn 20 coastal highway.

Notable people edit

 
Otto Lilienthal
 
Ulrich von Hassell in 1944 before the Volksgerichtshof
  • Dixon (born Steffen Berkhahn in 1975) house and techno DJ, producer and label manager
  • Matthias Schweighöfer, (born 1981), a German actor, voice actor, film director and producer.

Sport edit

International relations edit

See also: List of twin towns and sister cities in Germany

Anklam is twinned with:

See also edit

Notes edit

  1. ^ "Bevölkerungsstand der Kreise, Ämter und Gemeinden 2021" (XLS) (in German). Statistisches Amt Mecklenburg-Vorpommern. 2022.
  2. ^ a b c d e f g h EB (1878).
  3. ^ a b c d e f g h EB (1911).
  4. ^ Langer, Herbert (2003), "Die Anfänge des Garnisionswesens in Pommern", in Asmus, Ivo; Droste, Heiko; Olesen, Jens E. (eds.), Gemeinsame Bekannte: Schweden und Deutschland in der Frühen Neuzeit (in German), Berlin: LIT Verlag, p. 403, ISBN 3-8258-7150-9
  5. ^ Langer, Herbert (2003), "Die Anfänge des Garnisionswesens in Pommern", in Asmus, Ivo; Droste, Heiko; Olesen, Jens E. (eds.), Gemeinsame Bekannte: Schweden und Deutschland in der Frühen Neuzeit (in German), Berlin: LIT Verlag, p. 397, ISBN 3-8258-7150-9
  6. ^ Megargee, Geoffrey P.; Overmans, Rüdiger; Vogt, Wolfgang (2022). The United States Holocaust Memorial Museum Encyclopedia of Camps and Ghettos 1933–1945. Volume IV. Indiana University Press, United States Holocaust Memorial Museum. p. 611. ISBN 978-0-253-06089-1.
  7. ^ Kaszuba, Sylwia. "Marsz 1945". In Grudziecka, Beata (ed.). Stalag XX B: historia nieopowiedziana (in Polish). Malbork: Muzeum Miasta Malborka. p. 108. ISBN 978-83-950992-2-9.
  8. ^ a b Brick Gothic Heritage August 12, 2011, at the Wayback Machine
  9. ^ "Buddeus, Johann" . Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 4 (11th ed.). 1911. p. 737.

References edit

Further reading edit

  • Gottfried Heinrich Gengler: Regesten und Urkunden zur Verfassungs- und Rechtsgeschichte der deutschen Städte im Mittelalter, Erlangen 1863, p. 47, see also pp. 962-966.
  • Gustav Kratz: Die Städte der Provinz Pommern: Abriß ihrer Geschichte, zumeist nach Urkunden. Sändig Reprint Verlag, Vaduz 1996 (unchanged reprint of the edition of 1865), ISBN 3-253-02734-1, pp. 1-17.

External links edit

February 16, 2024
anklam, german, pronunciation, ˈaŋklam, formerly, known, tanglim, wendenburg, town, western, pomerania, region, mecklenburg, vorpommern, north, eastern, germany, situated, banks, peene, river, just, from, mouth, kleines, haff, western, part, szczecin, lagoon, . Anklam German pronunciation ˈaŋklam formerly known as Tanglim and Wendenburg 2 is a town in the Western Pomerania region of Mecklenburg Vorpommern in north eastern Germany It is situated on the banks of the Peene river just 8 km from its mouth in the Kleines Haff the western part of the Szczecin Lagoon Anklam has a population of 12 177 2021 and was the capital of the former Ostvorpommern district Since September 2011 it has been part of the district of Vorpommern Greifswald AnklamTownMarket squareCoat of armsLocation of Anklam within Vorpommern Greifswald districtAnklamShow map of GermanyAnklamShow map of Mecklenburg VorpommernCoordinates 53 51 N 13 41 E 53 850 N 13 683 E 53 850 13 683CountryGermanyStateMecklenburg VorpommernDistrictVorpommern GreifswaldGovernment MayorMichael Galander Ind Area Total56 57 km2 21 84 sq mi Elevation5 m 16 ft Population 2021 12 31 1 Total12 177 Density220 km2 560 sq mi Time zoneUTC 01 00 CET Summer DST UTC 02 00 CEST Postal codes17389Dialling codes03971Vehicle registrationVG ANKWebsitewww anklam de Contents 1 History 2 Population development 3 Sights 4 Museums 5 Transport 6 Notable people 6 1 Sport 7 International relations 8 See also 9 Notes 10 References 11 Further reading 12 External linksHistory edit nbsp Brick Gothic Steintor nbsp Garrison church of Anklam evidence of Prussian tradition of the townIn the early Middle Ages there was an important Scandinavian and Wendish settlement in the area near the present town now known as Altes Lager Menzlin Anklam proper began as an associated Wendish fortress 3 In the Middle Ages the town was a part of the Duchy of Pomerania During the German expansion eastwards the abandoned fortress was developed into a settlement named Tanglim 2 after its new founder The site possesses importance as the head of navigation on the Peene 2 It was elevated to town status in 1244 and became a member of the Hanseatic League the same year 3 or in 1483 citation needed The town remained small and non influential but achieved a measure of wealth and prosperity with its membership nbsp St Mary in Anklam nbsp St Nicholas being reconstructed 2012As a town of considerable military importance it suffered greatly during the Thirty Years War 2 when Swedish and Imperial troops battled over it across a twenty year span Amid this and subsequent wars it also endured repeated outbreaks of fire and plague 2 It was occupied by imperial forces from 1627 to 1630 4 and thereafter by Swedish forces 5 After the war Anklam became part of Swedish Pomerania in 1648 In 1676 it was captured by Frederick William of Brandenburg 3 In 1713 Anklam was looted by soldiers of the Tsardom of Russia 3 That it was not burned to the ground as ordered by Peter the Great was in large part due to the resistance of Christian Thomesen Carl Carlson after whom a street is named in remembrance The southern parts of the town were ceded to Prussia by the 1720 Treaty of Stockholm 3 while a smaller section north of the Peene remained Swedish It was damaged again during the Seven Years War in the 1750s and 1760s with its fortifications being effectively dismantled in 1762 2 Sweden yielded its remaining part of the town in 1815 when all of Western Pomerania became part of the Prussian province of Pomerania In the 19th century Anklam was connected with Berlin and Stettin Szczecin by rail and developed its manufacture of linen and woolen goods leather beer and soap 2 Its 1871 population was 10 739 2 which had risen to 14 602 by the turn of the century 3 By the time of the First World War it possessed a military school and developed iron foundries and sugar factories 3 In 1939 the Wehrmacht took over the military school and constructed a military prison on the grounds In September 1942 the FStGA 8 field penal battalion for Allied prisoners of war was established and afterwards relocated to the eastern front 6 Anklam was nearly completely destroyed by several bombing raids of the U S Air Force in 1943 and 1944 and in the last days of World War II when the advancing Soviets burned and leveled most of the town During the final stages of the war in February 1945 the German perpetrated death march of Allied POWs from the Stalag XX B POW camp passed through the town 7 After the war Anklam became part of the East German state of Mecklenburg Vorpommern and after the dissolution of the province it was part of Bezirk Neubrandenburg from 1952 to 1990 The town was rebuilt in the rather uniform socialist style After the 1990 reunification of Germany Anklam became part of the state of Mecklenburg Vorpommern re created at that time Population development editYear 1350 1600 1740 1765 1770 1790 1800 1875 1910 1939 1950 1981 1988 2003 2010 2016 2017 2021Inhabitants 3 000 6 000 2 961 3 036 3 278 3 224 4 470 11 781 15 279 19 682 20 160 20 496 19 685 15 826 13 433 12 635 12 521 12 177Sights edit nbsp Memorial in front of the Otto Lilienthal MuseumAnklam was a prosperous medieval city but suffered severely during the Thirty Years War the Seven Years War and the Second World War as well as from periodic fires Nonetheless Anklam has some significant buildings remaining The 12th century church of St Mary was rebuilt in the 15th century 8 had a modern spire added in the 19th 3 and was repaired in 1947 8 Museums editMuseum im Steintor local history Otto Lilienthal MuseumTransport editAnklam is connected with the Autobahn 20 coastal highway Anklam railway station is served by national and local services to Angermunde Berlin Dresden Eberswalde Frankfurt Munich Prague and Stralsund Notable people edit nbsp Otto Lilienthal nbsp Ulrich von Hassell in 1944 before the VolksgerichtshofJohann Franz Buddeus 1667 1729 philosopher theologian professor in Halle and Jena 9 Paschen von Cossel 1714 1805 lawyer imperial vicar canon of the cathedral chapter Hamburger Friedrich Albrecht Karl Herrmann Reichsgraf von Wylich und Lottum 1720 1797 Prussian officer Carl August Wilhelm Berends 1759 1826 physician head of the Charite Ludwig von Henk 1820 1894 Vice Admiral of the Imperial Navy member of Reichstag Otto Lilienthal 1848 1896 aviation pioneer Gustav Lilienthal 1849 1933 architect and social reformer Johanna Gadski 1872 1932 opera singer Julius Urgiss 1873 1948 German Jewish screenwriter and critic for Kinematograph Heinrich Sahm 1877 1939 a German lawyer mayor of the Free City of Danzig Ulrich von Hassell 1881 1944 German diplomat and anti Nazi Kurt von Briesen 1886 1941 a German officer most recently General of Infantry in WWII Alice Hechy 1893 1973 a German stage and film actress Gunter Schabowski 1929 2015 politician SED Dixon born Steffen Berkhahn in 1975 house and techno DJ producer and label manager Matthias Schweighofer born 1981 a German actor voice actor film director and producer Sport edit Peter Hein born 1943 a German rower competed at the 1968 Summer Olympics Sandro Stallbaum born 1981 a retired German footballer played 336 gamesInternational relations editSee also List of twin towns and sister cities in Germany Anklam is twinned with nbsp Burlov Sweden nbsp Heide Germany nbsp Limbazi Latvia nbsp Ustka PolandSee also editSwedish PomeraniaNotes edit Bevolkerungsstand der Kreise Amter und Gemeinden 2021 XLS in German Statistisches Amt Mecklenburg Vorpommern 2022 a b c d e f g h EB 1878 a b c d e f g h EB 1911 Langer Herbert 2003 Die Anfange des Garnisionswesens in Pommern in Asmus Ivo Droste Heiko Olesen Jens E eds Gemeinsame Bekannte Schweden und Deutschland in der Fruhen Neuzeit in German Berlin LIT Verlag p 403 ISBN 3 8258 7150 9 Langer Herbert 2003 Die Anfange des Garnisionswesens in Pommern in Asmus Ivo Droste Heiko Olesen Jens E eds Gemeinsame Bekannte Schweden und Deutschland in der Fruhen Neuzeit in German Berlin LIT Verlag p 397 ISBN 3 8258 7150 9 Megargee Geoffrey P Overmans Rudiger Vogt Wolfgang 2022 The United States Holocaust Memorial Museum Encyclopedia of Camps and Ghettos 1933 1945 Volume IV Indiana University Press United States Holocaust Memorial Museum p 611 ISBN 978 0 253 06089 1 Kaszuba Sylwia Marsz 1945 In Grudziecka Beata ed Stalag XX B historia nieopowiedziana in Polish Malbork Muzeum Miasta Malborka p 108 ISBN 978 83 950992 2 9 a b Brick Gothic Heritage Archived August 12 2011 at the Wayback Machine Buddeus Johann Encyclopaedia Britannica Vol 4 11th ed 1911 p 737 References editBaynes T S ed 1878 Anklam Encyclopaedia Britannica vol 2 9th ed New York Charles Scribner s Sons p 59 Chisholm Hugh ed 1911 Anklam Encyclopaedia Britannica vol 2 11th ed Cambridge University Press p 58Further reading editGottfried Heinrich Gengler Regesten und Urkunden zur Verfassungs und Rechtsgeschichte der deutschen Stadte im Mittelalter Erlangen 1863 p 47 see also pp 962 966 Gustav Kratz Die Stadte der Provinz Pommern Abriss ihrer Geschichte zumeist nach Urkunden Sandig Reprint Verlag Vaduz 1996 unchanged reprint of the edition of 1865 ISBN 3 253 02734 1 pp 1 17 External links editAnklam at Wikipedia s sister projects nbsp Media from Commons nbsp Texts from Wikisource nbsp Data from Wikidata Official website in German Anklam The American Cyclopaedia 1879 Anklam Encyclopaedia Britannica Vol 2 11th ed 1911 p 58 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Anklam amp oldid 1197210648, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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