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Wikipedia

Cats and the Internet

February 16, 2024

Images and videos of domestic cats make up some of the most viewed content on the World Wide Web. ThoughtCatalog has described cats as the "unofficial mascot of the Internet".[1]

Cat viewing the Wikipedia article "Dwarf planet"

The subject has attracted the attention of various scholars and critics, who have analysed why this subject has reached iconic status. Although it may be considered frivolous, cat-related Internet content contributes to how people interact with media and culture.[2] Some argue that there is a depth and complexity to this seemingly simple content, with a suggestion that the positive psychological effects that pets have on their owners also hold true for cat images viewed online.[3]

Research has suggested that viewing online cat media is related to positive emotions, and that it even may work as a form of digital therapy or stress relief for some users. Some elements of research also shows that feelings of guilt when postponing tasks can be reduced by viewing cat content.[4]

Some individual cats, such as Grumpy Cat and Lil Bub, have achieved popularity online because of their unusual appearances and funny cat videos.

History edit

Humans have a longstanding relationship with cats, and the animals have often been a subject of short films, including the early silent movies Boxing Cats (1894) and The Sick Kitten (1903).[5] Harry Pointer (1822–1889) has been cited as the "progenitor of the shameless cat picture".[6] Cats have been shared via email since the Internet's rise to prominence in the 1990s.[7] The first cat video on YouTube was uploaded in 2005 by YouTube co-founder Steve Chen, who posted a video of his cat called "Pajamas and Nick Drake".[7] The following year, "Puppy vs Cat" became the first viral cat video; uploaded by a user called Sanchey (a.k.a. Michael Wienzek);[8] as of 2015 it had over 16 million views on YouTube.[7] In a Mashable article that explored the history of cat media on the Internet, the oldest entry was an ASCII art cat that originated on 2channel, and was a pictorial representation of the phrase "Please go away."[9] The oldest continuously operating cat website is sophie.net, which launched in October 1999 and is still operating.[10]

The New York Times described cat images as "that essential building block of the Internet".[11] In addition, 2,594,329 cat images had been manually annotated in flickr.com by users.[12] An interesting phenomenon is that many photograph owners tag their house cats as "tiger".[13]

Eric Nakagawa and Kari Unebasami started the website I Can Haz Cheezburger in 2007, where they shared funny pictures of cats. This site allowed users to create LOLcat memes by placing writing on top of pictures of their cats. This site now has more than 100 million views per month and has "created a whole new form of internet speak".[7] In 2009, the humour site Urlesque deemed September 9 "A Day Without Cats Online", and had over 40 blogs and websites agree to "[ban] cats from their pages for at least 24 hours".[14] As of 2015, there are over 2 million cat videos on YouTube alone, and cats are one of the most searched keywords on the Internet.[7] CNN estimated that in 2015 there could be around 6.5 billion cat pictures on the Internet.[15] The Internet has been described as a "virtual cat park, a social space for cat lovers in the same way that dog lovers congregate at a dog park".[16] The Daily Telegraph deemed Nyan Cat the most popular Internet cat,[17] while NPR gave this title to Grumpy Cat.[18] The Daily Telegraph also deemed the best cat video on YouTube as "Surprised Kitty (Original)", which currently has over 75 million views.[19] Buzzfeed deemed Cattycake the most important cat of 2010.[20]

In 2015, an exhibition called "How Cats Took Over The Internet" opened at the Museum of the Moving Image in New York.[21] The exhibition "looks at the history of how they rose to internet fame, and why people like them so much".[7] There is even a book entitled How to Make Your Cat an Internet Celebrity: A Guide to Financial Freedom.[22] The annual Internet Cat Video Festival celebrated and awards the Golden Kitty to cat videos.[23] According to Star Tribune, the festival's success is because "people realized that the cat video they'd chuckled over in the privacy of their homes was suddenly a thousand times funnier when there are thousands of other people around".[24] The Daily Telegraph had an entire article devoted to International Cat Day.[25] EMGN wrote an article entitled "21 Reasons Why Cats And The Internet Are A Match Made in Heaven".[26]

In 2015, there were more than 2 million cat videos on YouTube, with an average of 12,000 views each – a higher average than any other category of YouTube content.[27] Cats made up 16% of views in YouTube's "Pets & Animals" category, compared to dogs' 23%.[28] The YouTube video Cats vs. Zombies merged the two Internet phenomena of cats and zombies.[29] Data from BuzzFeed and Tumblr has shown that dog videos have more views than those of cats, and less than 1% of posts on Reddit mention cats.[30] While dogs are searched for much more than cats, there is less content on the Internet.[31] The Facebook page "Cats" has over 2 million likes while Dogs has over 6.5 million.[32] In an Internet tradition, The New York Times Archives X account posts cat reporting throughout the history of the NYT.[33][34] The Japanese prefecture of Hiroshima launched an online Cat Street View, which showed the region from the perspective of a cat.[35][36]

Abigail Tucker, author of The Lion in the Living Room, a history of domestic cats, has suggested that cats appeal particularly because they "remind us of our own faces, and especially of our babies ... [they're] strikingly human but also perpetually deadpan".[37][38]

Psychology edit

Jason Eppink, curator of the Museum of the Moving Image's show How Cats Took Over the Internet, has noted the "outsized role" of cats on the Internet.[39] Wired magazine felt that the cuteness of cats was "too simplistic" an explanation of their popularity online.[30]

A scientific survey found that the participants were happier after watching cat videos.[7][40] The researcher behind the survey explained "If we want to better understand the effects the Internet may have on us as individuals and on society, then researchers can't ignore Internet cats anymore"[41] and "consumption of online cat-related media deserves empirical attention".[42] The Huffington Post suggested that the videos were a form of procrastination, with most being watched while at work or ostensibly studying,[43] while IU Bloomington commented "[it] does more than simply entertain; it boosts viewers' energy and positive emotions and decreases negative feelings".[44] Business Insider argues "This falls in line with a body of research regarding the effects that animals have on people."[45] A 2015 study by Jessica Gall Myrick found that people were more than twice as likely to post a picture or video of a cat to the Internet than they were to post a selfie.[27]

Maria Bustillos considers cat videos to be "the crystallisation of all that human beings love about cats", with their "natural beauty and majesty" being "just one tiny slip away from total humiliation", which Bustillos sees as a mirror of the human condition.[46] When the creator of the World Wide Web, Tim Berners-Lee, was asked for an example of a popular use of the Internet that he would never have predicted, he answered, "Kittens".[47] A 2014 paper argues that cats' "unselfconsciousness" is rare in an age of hyper-surveillance, and cat photos appeal to people as it lets them imagine "the possibility of freedom from surveillance", while presenting the power of controlling that surveillance as unproblematic.[48] Time magazine felt that cat images tap into viewers nature as "secret voyeurs".[28]

The Cheezburger Network considers cats to be the "perfect canvas" for human emotion, as they have expressive facial and body aspects.[49] Mashable offered "cats' cuteness, non-cuteness, popularity among geeks, blank canvas qualities, personality issues, and the fact that dogs just don't have 'it'" as possible explanations to cats' popularity on the Internet.[50] A paper entitled ""I Can Haz Emoshuns?" – Understanding Anthropomorphosis of Cats among Internet Users" found that Tagpuss, an app that showed users cat images and asked them to choose their emotion "can be used to identify cat behaviours that lay-people find difficult to distinguish".[relevant?][51]

Jason Eppink, curator of the "How Cats Took Over the Internet" exhibition, explained: "People on the web are more likely to post a cat than another animal, because it sort of perpetuates itself. It becomes a self-fulfilling prophesy. [sic]"[34][52] Jason Kottke considers cats to be "easier to objectify" and therefore "easier to make fun of".[53] Journalist Jack Shepherd suggested that cats were more popular than dogs because dogs were "trying too hard", and humorous behavior in a dog would be seen as a bid for validation. Shepherd sees cats' behavior as being "cool, and effortless, and devoid of any concern about what you might think about it. It is art for art's sake".[54]

Cats have historically been associated with magic, and have been revered by various human cultures, the ancient Egyptians worshipping them as gods and the creatures being feared as demons in ancient Japan,[15] such as the bakeneko. Vogue magazine has suggested that the popularity of cats on the Internet is culturally-specific, being popular in North America, Western Europe, and Japan. Other nations favor different animals online, Ugandans sharing images of goats and chickens, Mexicans preferring llamas, and Chinese Internet users sharing images of the river crab and grass-mud horse due to double-meanings of their names allowing them to "subvert government Internet censors".[55]

Cute cat theory of digital activism edit

Main article: Cute cat theory of digital activism
 
Lolcat images are often shared through the same networks used by online activists.

The cute cat theory of digital activism is a theory concerning Internet activism, Internet censorship, and "cute cats" (a term used for any low-value, but popular online activity) developed by Ethan Zuckerman in 2008.[56][57] It posits that most people are not interested in activism; instead, they want to use the web for mundane activities, including surfing for pornography and lolcats ("cute cats").[58] The tools that they develop for that (such as Facebook, Flickr, Blogger, Twitter, and similar platforms) are very useful to social movement activists, who may lack resources to develop dedicated tools themselves.[58] This, in turn, makes the activists more immune to reprisals by governments than if they were using a dedicated activism platform, because shutting down a popular public platform provokes a larger public outcry than shutting down an obscure one.[58]

Celebrities edit

Because of the relative newness of this industry, most owners of famous cats found themselves stumbling into Internet stardom without intentionally planning it.[59]

Grumpy Cat edit

Main article: Grumpy Cat
 
Grumpy Cat, a pet made famous through an image macro, on stage at VidCon 2014

Tardar Sauce (born April 4, 2012 – May 14, 2019),[60][61] better known by her Internet name "Grumpy Cat", was a cat and Internet celebrity known for her grumpy facial expression.[62][63][64] Her owner, Tabatha Bundesen, says that her permanently grumpy-looking face was due to an underbite and feline dwarfism.[62][65][66] Grumpy Cat's popularity originated from a picture posted to the social news website Reddit by Bundesen's brother Bryan on September 22, 2012.[62][67][68] It was made into an image macro with grumpy captions. As of December 10, 2014, "The Official Grumpy Cat" page on Facebook has over 7 million "likes".[69] Grumpy Cat was featured on the front page of The Wall Street Journal on May 30, 2013, and on the cover of New York magazine on October 7, 2013.[64][70][71] In August 2015 it was announced that Grumpy Cat would get her own animatronic waxwork at Madame Tussauds in San Francisco.[72] The Huffington Post wrote an article exploring America's fascination with cats.[73]

Lil Bub edit

Main article: Lil Bub

Lil Bub (Lillian Bubbles) (June 21, 2011 – December 1, 2019)[74] was an American celebrity cat known for her unique appearance. She was the runt of her litter. Her owner, Mike Bridavsky, adopted her when his friends called to ask him to give her a home. Her photos were first posted to Tumblr in November 2011 then taken off after being featured on the social news website reddit.[75] "Lil Bub" on Facebook has over two million Likes.[76] Lil Bub stars in Lil Bub & Friendz, a documentary premiered at the Tribeca Film Festival on April 18, 2013, that won the Tribeca Online Festival Best Feature Film.[77][78][79]

Maru edit

Main article: Maru (cat)

Maru (まる, Japanese: circle or round; born May 24, 2007[80]) is a male Scottish Fold (straight variety[81]) cat in Japan who has become popular on YouTube. As of April 2013, videos with Maru have been viewed over 200 million times.[82] Videos featuring Maru have an average of 800,000 views each and he is mentioned often in print and televised media discussing Internet celebrities.[83] Maru is the "most famous cat on the internet."[84]

Maru's owner posts videos under the account name 'mugumogu'. His owner is almost never seen in the videos, although the video titled "Maru's ear cleaning". YouTube. is an exception. The videos include title cards in English and Japanese setting up and describing the events, and often show Maru playing in cardboard boxes, indicated by "I love a box!" in his first video.

Colonel Meow edit

Main article: Colonel Meow

Colonel Meow (adopted October 11, 2011[Note 1] – January 29, 2014)[85] was a male Himalayan–Persian crossbreed cat, who holds the 2014 Guinness world record for the longest fur on a cat (9 in (230 mm)).[86] He became an Internet celebrity when his owners posted pictures of his scowling face to Facebook and Instagram.[87][88] He was known by his hundreds of thousands of followers as an "adorable fearsome dictator", a "prodigious Scotch drinker" and "the angriest cat in the world".[88]

Oh Long Johnson edit

This unnamed cat was featured in the $10,000-winning video "Cat's Got a Tongue" from Season 10 of America's Funniest Home Videos. In the video, the cat makes aggressive noises at another.[89] The noises sound like human words and phrases such as "Oh my dog", "Oh Long John", "Oh Long Johnson", "Oh Don piano", "Why I eyes ya", and "All the live long day."[90] The video first appeared on the Internet in 2006[89] during a compilation video on YouTube featuring cats producing human-like sounds, and other standalone videos were later uploaded. The full clip shows a second, younger-looking cat in the room.[91]

By 2012, the video of the cat had been viewed 6.5 million times.[92] For a while it was a craze.[93] The clip was included in the 2019 Cat Video Fest which was held at the Vancity Theatre in Vancouver on April 20. There were to be five consecutive screenings of the videos.[94]

The video was referenced in the South Park episode "Faith Hilling", where Johnson's speech pattern ended up causing several deaths related to "Oh Long Johnsoning".[95]

Jorts edit

Main article: Jorts (cat)

Jorts is an office cat that was the centre of a December 2021 dispute between staff. Self-reporting of the dispute on a subreddit of Reddit attracted significant attention.[96]

Internet memes edit

Lolcat edit

Main article: Lolcat

A lolcat (pronounced /ˈlɒlkæt/ LOL-kat) is an image macro of one or more cats. The image's text is often idiosyncratic and grammatically incorrect. Its use in this way is known as "lolspeak" or "kitty pidgin".

"Lolcat" is a compound word of the acronymic abbreviation for "laugh out loud" (LOL) and the word "cat".[97][98] A synonym for "lolcat" is cat macro, since the images are a type of image macro.[99] Lolcats are commonly designed for photo sharing imageboards and other Internet forums.

Nyan Cat edit

Main article: Nyan Cat

Nyan Cat is the name of a YouTube video, uploaded in April 2011, which became an Internet meme. The video merged a Japanese pop song with an animated cartoon cat with the body of a Pop-Tart, flying through space, and leaving a rainbow trail behind it. The video ranked at number 5 on the list of most viewed YouTube videos in 2011.[100]

Keyboard Cat edit

Main article: Keyboard Cat

Keyboard Cat is another Internet phenomenon. It consists of a video from 1984 of Fatso, a cat wearing a blue shirt and appearing to play an upbeat rhythm on an electronic keyboard. The video was posted to YouTube under the title "charlie schmidt's cool cats" in June 2007. Schmidt later changed the title to "Charlie Schmidt's Keyboard Cat (The Original)".[101]

Fatso (who died in 1987)[102] was owned (and manipulated in the video) by Charlie Schmidt of Spokane, Washington, US, and the blue shirt still belonged to Schmidt's cat Fatso. Later, Brad O'Farrell, who was the syndication manager of the video website My Damn Channel, obtained Schmidt's permission to reuse the footage, appending it to the end of a blooper video to "play" that person offstage after the mistake or gaffe in a similar manner as getting the hook in the days of vaudeville.[103] The appending of Schmidt's video to other blooper and other viral videos became popular, with such videos usually accompanied with the title Play Him Off, Keyboard Cat or a variant. "Keyboard Cat" was ranked No. 2 on Current TV's list of 50 Greatest Viral Videos.[104]

In 2009 Schmidt became owner of Bento, another cat that resembled Fatso, and which he used to create new Keyboard Cat videos, until Bento's death in March 2018.[105] Schmidt has adopted a new cat "Skinny" or "Keyboard Cat 3.0", which has yet to become popular.

Cats that Look Like Hitler edit

Main article: Cats That Look Like Hitler

Cats That Look Like Hitler is a satirical website featuring photographs of cats that bear an alleged resemblance to Adolf Hitler.[106] Most of the cats have a large black splotch underneath their nose, much like the dictator's stumpy toothbrush moustache. The site was founded by Koos Plegt and Paul Neve in 2006,[107] and became widely known after being featured on several television programmes across Europe[107][108][109] and Australia.[110] The site is now only run by Neve. As of February 2013, the site contained photographs of over 8,000 cats, submitted by owners with digital cameras and Internet access and then approved by Neve as content.[111]

Everytime you masturbate... God kills a kitten edit

Main article: Every time you masturbate... God kills a kitten

"Every time you masturbate... God kills a kitten" is the caption of an image created by a member of the website Fark in 2002.[112][113] The image features a kitten (subsequently referred to as "Cliché Kitty") being chased by two Domos, and has the tagline "Please, think of the kittens".

I Can Has Cheezburger edit

Main article: I Can Has Cheezburger?

It was created in 2007 by Eric Nakagawa (Cheezburger), a blogger from Hawaii, and his friend Kari Unebasami (Tofuburger).[citation needed] The website is one of the most popular Internet sites of its kind. It received as many as 1,500,000 hits per day at its peak in May 2007.[114][115] ICHC was instrumental in bringing animal-based image macros and lolspeak into mainstream usage and making Internet memes profitable.[116]

Brussels lockdown edit

In 2015, the atmosphere among the community of Brussels, Belgium was tense when the city was put under the highest level state of emergency immediately following the Paris attacks; however, Internet cats were able to cut the tension by taking over the Twitter feed #BrusselsLockdown.[117] The feed was designed to discuss operational details of terrorist raids, but when police asked for a social media blackout the hashtag was overwhelmed by Internet users posting pictures of cats to drown out serious discussion and prevent terrorists from gaining any useful information.[118] The use of cat images is a reference to the Level 4 state of emergency: the French word for the number 4, quatre, is pronounced similarly to the word "cat" in English.[119][120]

Pusheen edit

Main article: Pusheen

Pusheen is another Internet phenomenon about a cartoon cat. Created in 2010 by Claire Belton, the popularity of using emoji and Facebook stickers led to a rise in Pusheen's popularity. She now has 9 million followers.

Bongo Cat edit

Main article: Bongo Cat

Bongo Cat is another Internet meme about a cartoon cat that originated on May 7, 2018, when an animated cat gif made by Twitter user "@StrayRogue"[121] was edited by Twitter user "@DitzyFlama"[122] to include bongos and the music "Athletic" from the Super Mario World soundtrack. This cat has since been edited to many other songs, and many different instruments.

Peepee the Cat edit

Peepee the cat was the star of a copypasta popularized on Twitter. The post, "i Amn just........... a litle creacher. Thatse It . I Canot change this" was posted on September 18, 2018, and has garnered over 38,000 likes. Over the years, he has become known on the site as a lolcat, and was popular for his seemingly random, but positive posts until his untimely and unfortunate death in April 2019 due to kidney complications related to Feline Immunodeficiency Virus.[123]

Vibing Cat/CatJam edit

In April 2020, a video of a white cat from Québec, Canada named Minette bobbing her head as if dancing went viral.[124] In addition to its popularity on social media sites like Youtube and TikTok, the cat was widely shared on livestreaming platform Twitch.tv, where it was enabled as a emote through third-party service BetterTTV on over 200,000 channels.[125] In December 2020, the official YouTube Channel of the International Cricket Council posted a video named "Vibing cricketers, vibing cat" showing edited footage of the cat alongside various cricketers dancing to music.[126]

Zoom Cat Lawyer/I'm Not a Cat edit

Main article: Zoom Cat Lawyer

It refers to a viral video taken from a live stream of a civil forfeiture hearing, and being held on the video conferencing application Zoom in Texas' 394th Judicial District Court. The video features attorney Rod Ponton, who is struggling to disable a cat filter that shows a white kitten mask over his face, resulting in it appearing as if a cat is speaking.[127]

Floppa edit

Big Floppa is a caracal from Russia (real name Gregory or Gosha for short) who gained popularity as an internet meme after being posted by his owner on Instagram.[128] Floppa can also more generally refer to a collection of images either portraying Big Floppa (also referred to as Gosha or Shlepa) or any caracals. The collection of images do not portray to a specific theme per se, but always hold Floppa as a centerpoint or personification of something.[129]

Catloaf edit

 
A cat "loafing" with its paws and tail tucked under its body

Catloaf (also spelled as cat loaf and sometimes known as hovercat,[130] tugboat or loafing[131]) is a term used to describe a cat's sitting position in which its paws and tail are tucked under the body, forming a loaf-like shape. A speculation for the sitting position indicates that the cat is relaxed and feels unthreatened, and therefore has no need to sit in a position where it would have to attack. Another potential reason for this sitting position is for the cat to maintain a comfortable body temperature without having to move.[132]

American cartoonist B. Kliban had noted the similarity between the shapes of cats and meatloaves as early as 1975.[133] However, widespread popularity of the word had not gained peak popularity until the 2010s on social media sites such as Reddit and Twitter, as well as Facebook, where the sitting position is also known as "tugboat" in the "Tuggin'" group.[134][131]

Spoofs edit

Bonsai Kitten was a satirical website launched in 2000 that claims to provide instructions on how to grow a kitten in a jar, so as to mold the bones of the kitten into the shape of the jar as the cat grows, much like how a bonsai plant is shaped. It was made by an MIT university student going by the alias of Dr. Michael Wong Chang.[135] The website generated furor after members of the public complained to animal rights organizations, who stated that "while the site's content may be faked, the issue it is campaigning for may create violence towards animals", according to the Michigan Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals (MSPCA). Although the website in its most recent form was shut down, it still generates (primarily spam) petitions to shut the site down or complain to its ISP. The website has been thoroughly debunked by Snopes.com and The Humane Society of the United States, among other prominent organizations.

Cat media and news websites edit

The Catnip Times edit

Founded by Laura Mieli in 2012, it has been running full time since 2017.[136] It now has more than a million followers in over 100 countries.[137][138] It contributes articles to American Kennel Club affiliate, AKC Reunite.[139][140][141]

In July 2018, it sponsored the first ever "Meow Meetup" at the Stephens Convention Center in Rosemont, Illinois. The event was held July 21–22,[142] was estimated to attract around 3000 people. It was the largest cat conference in the Midwest.[143][144]

News by Cats edit

Founded by Lithuanian-born Justinas Butkus who lives in Wellington, New Zealand, the site adds a cat element to news stories. Reporting on actual events, it changes the wording to a type of cat talk such as "kidney opurration" instead of kidney operation and "prepurr for major eruption" instead of prepare for major eruption. There were mixed reactions within the first week of the site's operation.[145] NewsByCats.com has been defunct since some time after March 9, 2022.[146]

The Purrington Post edit

The Purrington Post publishes a newsletter. The first, Volume 1, Issue 1 came out on November 1, 2013.[147] According to Natural Pet Science, The Purrington Post averages half a million page views per trimester.[148] It was referred to in September 2018 as an award-winning cat blog by the Dow Jones & Company owned financial information service MarketWatch.[149] Also that year it was rated No. 3 by KittyCoaching.com in a list of the 12 best cat blogs for that year.[150] It was also highly rated by Cats.com in their Top 35 Cat Blogs You Should Know About list for 2018.[151] The opinion of the Post on cat behavior has been valued enough to be quoted in articles.[152]

See also edit

Explanatory notes edit

  1. ^ According to the owners, October 11, 2011 is not the cat's birth date, but the date of his adoption. His birth date is unknown.

References edit

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  2. ^ Jones, Justin (August 9, 2015). "How Cats Took Over the Internet—And Became Art". The Daily Beast. from the original on October 8, 2015. Retrieved October 7, 2015.
  3. ^ "Comment: The fascinating, feel-good psychology of Internet cat videos". News. from the original on August 30, 2017. Retrieved October 7, 2015.
  4. ^ Myrick, Jessica Gall (2015). "Emotion regulation, procrastination, and watching cat videos online: Who watches Internet cats, why, and to what effect?". Computers in Human Behavior. 52: 168–176. doi:10.1016/j.chb.2015.06.001. S2CID 16187524.
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  10. ^ . Archived from the original on October 8, 1999.
  11. ^ Willis, Derek (July 22, 2014). "What the Internet Can See From Your Cat Pictures". The New York Times. from the original on October 24, 2015. Retrieved October 3, 2015.
  12. ^ Zhang, Weiwei; Sun, Jian; Tang, Xiaoou (2008). "Cat Head Detection - How to Effectively Exploit Shape and Texture Features". Computer Vision – ECCV 2008. Lecture Notes in Computer Science. Vol. 5305. pp. 802–816. doi:10.1007/978-3-540-88693-8_59. ISBN 978-3-540-88692-1.
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February 16, 2024
cats, internet, this, article, lead, section, short, adequately, summarize, points, please, consider, expanding, lead, provide, accessible, overview, important, aspects, article, october, 2022, images, videos, domestic, cats, make, some, most, viewed, content,. This article s lead section may be too short to adequately summarize the key points Please consider expanding the lead to provide an accessible overview of all important aspects of the article October 2022 Images and videos of domestic cats make up some of the most viewed content on the World Wide Web ThoughtCatalog has described cats as the unofficial mascot of the Internet 1 Cat viewing the Wikipedia article Dwarf planet The subject has attracted the attention of various scholars and critics who have analysed why this subject has reached iconic status Although it may be considered frivolous cat related Internet content contributes to how people interact with media and culture 2 Some argue that there is a depth and complexity to this seemingly simple content with a suggestion that the positive psychological effects that pets have on their owners also hold true for cat images viewed online 3 Research has suggested that viewing online cat media is related to positive emotions and that it even may work as a form of digital therapy or stress relief for some users Some elements of research also shows that feelings of guilt when postponing tasks can be reduced by viewing cat content 4 Some individual cats such as Grumpy Cat and Lil Bub have achieved popularity online because of their unusual appearances and funny cat videos Contents 1 History 2 Psychology 2 1 Cute cat theory of digital activism 3 Celebrities 3 1 Grumpy Cat 3 2 Lil Bub 3 3 Maru 3 4 Colonel Meow 3 5 Oh Long Johnson 3 6 Jorts 4 Internet memes 4 1 Lolcat 4 2 Nyan Cat 4 3 Keyboard Cat 4 4 Cats that Look Like Hitler 4 5 Everytime you masturbate God kills a kitten 4 6 I Can Has Cheezburger 4 7 Brussels lockdown 4 8 Pusheen 4 9 Bongo Cat 4 10 Peepee the Cat 4 11 Vibing Cat CatJam 4 12 Zoom Cat Lawyer I m Not a Cat 4 13 Floppa 4 14 Catloaf 5 Spoofs 6 Cat media and news websites 6 1 The Catnip Times 6 2 News by Cats 6 3 The Purrington Post 7 See also 8 Explanatory notes 9 ReferencesHistory editHumans have a longstanding relationship with cats and the animals have often been a subject of short films including the early silent movies Boxing Cats 1894 and The Sick Kitten 1903 5 Harry Pointer 1822 1889 has been cited as the progenitor of the shameless cat picture 6 Cats have been shared via email since the Internet s rise to prominence in the 1990s 7 The first cat video on YouTube was uploaded in 2005 by YouTube co founder Steve Chen who posted a video of his cat called Pajamas and Nick Drake 7 The following year Puppy vs Cat became the first viral cat video uploaded by a user called Sanchey a k a Michael Wienzek 8 as of 2015 update it had over 16 million views on YouTube 7 In a Mashable article that explored the history of cat media on the Internet the oldest entry was an ASCII art cat that originated on 2channel and was a pictorial representation of the phrase Please go away 9 The oldest continuously operating cat website is sophie net which launched in October 1999 and is still operating 10 The New York Times described cat images as that essential building block of the Internet 11 In addition 2 594 329 cat images had been manually annotated in flickr com by users 12 An interesting phenomenon is that many photograph owners tag their house cats as tiger 13 Eric Nakagawa and Kari Unebasami started the website I Can Haz Cheezburger in 2007 where they shared funny pictures of cats This site allowed users to create LOLcat memes by placing writing on top of pictures of their cats This site now has more than 100 million views per month and has created a whole new form of internet speak 7 In 2009 the humour site Urlesque deemed September 9 A Day Without Cats Online and had over 40 blogs and websites agree to ban cats from their pages for at least 24 hours 14 As of 2015 update there are over 2 million cat videos on YouTube alone and cats are one of the most searched keywords on the Internet 7 CNN estimated that in 2015 there could be around 6 5 billion cat pictures on the Internet 15 The Internet has been described as a virtual cat park a social space for cat lovers in the same way that dog lovers congregate at a dog park 16 The Daily Telegraph deemed Nyan Cat the most popular Internet cat 17 while NPR gave this title to Grumpy Cat 18 The Daily Telegraph also deemed the best cat video on YouTube as Surprised Kitty Original which currently has over 75 million views 19 Buzzfeed deemed Cattycake the most important cat of 2010 20 In 2015 an exhibition called How Cats Took Over The Internet opened at the Museum of the Moving Image in New York 21 The exhibition looks at the history of how they rose to internet fame and why people like them so much 7 There is even a book entitled How to Make Your Cat an Internet Celebrity A Guide to Financial Freedom 22 The annual Internet Cat Video Festival celebrated and awards the Golden Kitty to cat videos 23 According to Star Tribune the festival s success is because people realized that the cat video they d chuckled over in the privacy of their homes was suddenly a thousand times funnier when there are thousands of other people around 24 The Daily Telegraph had an entire article devoted to International Cat Day 25 EMGN wrote an article entitled 21 Reasons Why Cats And The Internet Are A Match Made in Heaven 26 In 2015 there were more than 2 million cat videos on YouTube with an average of 12 000 views each a higher average than any other category of YouTube content 27 Cats made up 16 of views in YouTube s Pets amp Animals category compared to dogs 23 28 The YouTube video Cats vs Zombies merged the two Internet phenomena of cats and zombies 29 Data from BuzzFeed and Tumblr has shown that dog videos have more views than those of cats and less than 1 of posts on Reddit mention cats 30 While dogs are searched for much more than cats there is less content on the Internet 31 The Facebook page Cats has over 2 million likes while Dogs has over 6 5 million 32 In an Internet tradition The New York Times Archives X account posts cat reporting throughout the history of the NYT 33 34 The Japanese prefecture of Hiroshima launched an online Cat Street View which showed the region from the perspective of a cat 35 36 Abigail Tucker author of The Lion in the Living Room a history of domestic cats has suggested that cats appeal particularly because they remind us of our own faces and especially of our babies they re strikingly human but also perpetually deadpan 37 38 Psychology editJason Eppink curator of the Museum of the Moving Image s show How Cats Took Over the Internet has noted the outsized role of cats on the Internet 39 Wired magazine felt that the cuteness of cats was too simplistic an explanation of their popularity online 30 A scientific survey found that the participants were happier after watching cat videos 7 40 The researcher behind the survey explained If we want to better understand the effects the Internet may have on us as individuals and on society then researchers can t ignore Internet cats anymore 41 and consumption of online cat related media deserves empirical attention 42 The Huffington Post suggested that the videos were a form of procrastination with most being watched while at work or ostensibly studying 43 while IU Bloomington commented it does more than simply entertain it boosts viewers energy and positive emotions and decreases negative feelings 44 Business Insider argues This falls in line with a body of research regarding the effects that animals have on people 45 A 2015 study by Jessica Gall Myrick found that people were more than twice as likely to post a picture or video of a cat to the Internet than they were to post a selfie 27 Maria Bustillos considers cat videos to be the crystallisation of all that human beings love about cats with their natural beauty and majesty being just one tiny slip away from total humiliation which Bustillos sees as a mirror of the human condition 46 When the creator of the World Wide Web Tim Berners Lee was asked for an example of a popular use of the Internet that he would never have predicted he answered Kittens 47 A 2014 paper argues that cats unselfconsciousness is rare in an age of hyper surveillance and cat photos appeal to people as it lets them imagine the possibility of freedom from surveillance while presenting the power of controlling that surveillance as unproblematic 48 Time magazine felt that cat images tap into viewers nature as secret voyeurs 28 The Cheezburger Network considers cats to be the perfect canvas for human emotion as they have expressive facial and body aspects 49 Mashable offered cats cuteness non cuteness popularity among geeks blank canvas qualities personality issues and the fact that dogs just don t have it as possible explanations to cats popularity on the Internet 50 A paper entitled I Can Haz Emoshuns Understanding Anthropomorphosis of Cats among Internet Users found that Tagpuss an app that showed users cat images and asked them to choose their emotion can be used to identify cat behaviours that lay people find difficult to distinguish relevant 51 Jason Eppink curator of the How Cats Took Over the Internet exhibition explained People on the web are more likely to post a cat than another animal because it sort of perpetuates itself It becomes a self fulfilling prophesy sic 34 52 Jason Kottke considers cats to be easier to objectify and therefore easier to make fun of 53 Journalist Jack Shepherd suggested that cats were more popular than dogs because dogs were trying too hard and humorous behavior in a dog would be seen as a bid for validation Shepherd sees cats behavior as being cool and effortless and devoid of any concern about what you might think about it It is art for art s sake 54 Cats have historically been associated with magic and have been revered by various human cultures the ancient Egyptians worshipping them as gods and the creatures being feared as demons in ancient Japan 15 such as the bakeneko Vogue magazine has suggested that the popularity of cats on the Internet is culturally specific being popular in North America Western Europe and Japan Other nations favor different animals online Ugandans sharing images of goats and chickens Mexicans preferring llamas and Chinese Internet users sharing images of the river crab and grass mud horse due to double meanings of their names allowing them to subvert government Internet censors 55 Cute cat theory of digital activism edit Main article Cute cat theory of digital activism nbsp Lolcat images are often shared through the same networks used by online activists The cute cat theory of digital activism is a theory concerning Internet activism Internet censorship and cute cats a term used for any low value but popular online activity developed by Ethan Zuckerman in 2008 56 57 It posits that most people are not interested in activism instead they want to use the web for mundane activities including surfing for pornography and lolcats cute cats 58 The tools that they develop for that such as Facebook Flickr Blogger Twitter and similar platforms are very useful to social movement activists who may lack resources to develop dedicated tools themselves 58 This in turn makes the activists more immune to reprisals by governments than if they were using a dedicated activism platform because shutting down a popular public platform provokes a larger public outcry than shutting down an obscure one 58 Celebrities editBecause of the relative newness of this industry most owners of famous cats found themselves stumbling into Internet stardom without intentionally planning it 59 Grumpy Cat edit Main article Grumpy Cat nbsp Grumpy Cat a pet made famous through an image macro on stage at VidCon 2014Tardar Sauce born April 4 2012 May 14 2019 60 61 better known by her Internet name Grumpy Cat was a cat and Internet celebrity known for her grumpy facial expression 62 63 64 Her owner Tabatha Bundesen says that her permanently grumpy looking face was due to an underbite and feline dwarfism 62 65 66 Grumpy Cat s popularity originated from a picture posted to the social news website Reddit by Bundesen s brother Bryan on September 22 2012 62 67 68 It was made into an image macro with grumpy captions As of December 10 2014 update The Official Grumpy Cat page on Facebook has over 7 million likes 69 Grumpy Cat was featured on the front page of The Wall Street Journal on May 30 2013 and on the cover of New York magazine on October 7 2013 64 70 71 In August 2015 it was announced that Grumpy Cat would get her own animatronic waxwork at Madame Tussauds in San Francisco 72 The Huffington Post wrote an article exploring America s fascination with cats 73 Lil Bub edit Main article Lil Bub Lil Bub Lillian Bubbles June 21 2011 December 1 2019 74 was an American celebrity cat known for her unique appearance She was the runt of her litter Her owner Mike Bridavsky adopted her when his friends called to ask him to give her a home Her photos were first posted to Tumblr in November 2011 then taken off after being featured on the social news website reddit 75 Lil Bub on Facebook has over two million Likes 76 Lil Bub stars in Lil Bub amp Friendz a documentary premiered at the Tribeca Film Festival on April 18 2013 that won the Tribeca Online Festival Best Feature Film 77 78 79 Maru edit Main article Maru cat Maru まる Japanese circle or round born May 24 2007 80 is a male Scottish Fold straight variety 81 cat in Japan who has become popular on YouTube As of April 2013 update videos with Maru have been viewed over 200 million times 82 Videos featuring Maru have an average of 800 000 views each and he is mentioned often in print and televised media discussing Internet celebrities 83 Maru is the most famous cat on the internet 84 Maru s owner posts videos under the account name mugumogu His owner is almost never seen in the videos although the video titled Maru s ear cleaning YouTube is an exception The videos include title cards in English and Japanese setting up and describing the events and often show Maru playing in cardboard boxes indicated by I love a box in his first video Colonel Meow edit Main article Colonel Meow Colonel Meow adopted October 11 2011 Note 1 January 29 2014 85 was a male Himalayan Persian crossbreed cat who holds the 2014 Guinness world record for the longest fur on a cat 9 in 230 mm 86 He became an Internet celebrity when his owners posted pictures of his scowling face to Facebook and Instagram 87 88 He was known by his hundreds of thousands of followers as an adorable fearsome dictator a prodigious Scotch drinker and the angriest cat in the world 88 Oh Long Johnson edit This unnamed cat was featured in the 10 000 winning video Cat s Got a Tongue from Season 10 of America s Funniest Home Videos In the video the cat makes aggressive noises at another 89 The noises sound like human words and phrases such as Oh my dog Oh Long John Oh Long Johnson Oh Don piano Why I eyes ya and All the live long day 90 The video first appeared on the Internet in 2006 89 during a compilation video on YouTube featuring cats producing human like sounds and other standalone videos were later uploaded The full clip shows a second younger looking cat in the room 91 By 2012 the video of the cat had been viewed 6 5 million times 92 For a while it was a craze 93 The clip was included in the 2019 Cat Video Fest which was held at the Vancity Theatre in Vancouver on April 20 There were to be five consecutive screenings of the videos 94 The video was referenced in the South Park episode Faith Hilling where Johnson s speech pattern ended up causing several deaths related to Oh Long Johnsoning 95 Jorts edit Main article Jorts cat Jorts is an office cat that was the centre of a December 2021 dispute between staff Self reporting of the dispute on a subreddit of Reddit attracted significant attention 96 Internet memes editLolcat edit Main article Lolcat A lolcat pronounced ˈ l ɒ l k ae t LOL kat is an image macro of one or more cats The image s text is often idiosyncratic and grammatically incorrect Its use in this way is known as lolspeak or kitty pidgin Lolcat is a compound word of the acronymic abbreviation for laugh out loud LOL and the word cat 97 98 A synonym for lolcat is cat macro since the images are a type of image macro 99 Lolcats are commonly designed for photo sharing imageboards and other Internet forums Nyan Cat edit Main article Nyan Cat Nyan Cat is the name of a YouTube video uploaded in April 2011 which became an Internet meme The video merged a Japanese pop song with an animated cartoon cat with the body of a Pop Tart flying through space and leaving a rainbow trail behind it The video ranked at number 5 on the list of most viewed YouTube videos in 2011 100 Keyboard Cat edit Main article Keyboard Cat Keyboard Cat is another Internet phenomenon It consists of a video from 1984 of Fatso a cat wearing a blue shirt and appearing to play an upbeat rhythm on an electronic keyboard The video was posted to YouTube under the title charlie schmidt s cool cats in June 2007 Schmidt later changed the title to Charlie Schmidt s Keyboard Cat The Original 101 Fatso who died in 1987 102 was owned and manipulated in the video by Charlie Schmidt of Spokane Washington US and the blue shirt still belonged to Schmidt s cat Fatso Later Brad O Farrell who was the syndication manager of the video website My Damn Channel obtained Schmidt s permission to reuse the footage appending it to the end of a blooper video to play that person offstage after the mistake or gaffe in a similar manner as getting the hook in the days of vaudeville 103 The appending of Schmidt s video to other blooper and other viral videos became popular with such videos usually accompanied with the title Play Him Off Keyboard Cat or a variant Keyboard Cat was ranked No 2 on Current TV s list of 50 Greatest Viral Videos 104 In 2009 Schmidt became owner of Bento another cat that resembled Fatso and which he used to create new Keyboard Cat videos until Bento s death in March 2018 105 Schmidt has adopted a new cat Skinny or Keyboard Cat 3 0 which has yet to become popular Cats that Look Like Hitler edit Main article Cats That Look Like Hitler Cats That Look Like Hitler is a satirical website featuring photographs of cats that bear an alleged resemblance to Adolf Hitler 106 Most of the cats have a large black splotch underneath their nose much like the dictator s stumpy toothbrush moustache The site was founded by Koos Plegt and Paul Neve in 2006 107 and became widely known after being featured on several television programmes across Europe 107 108 109 and Australia 110 The site is now only run by Neve As of February 2013 update the site contained photographs of over 8 000 cats submitted by owners with digital cameras and Internet access and then approved by Neve as content 111 Everytime you masturbate God kills a kitten edit Main article Every time you masturbate God kills a kitten Every time you masturbate God kills a kitten is the caption of an image created by a member of the website Fark in 2002 112 113 The image features a kitten subsequently referred to as Cliche Kitty being chased by two Domos and has the tagline Please think of the kittens I Can Has Cheezburger edit Main article I Can Has Cheezburger It was created in 2007 by Eric Nakagawa Cheezburger a blogger from Hawaii and his friend Kari Unebasami Tofuburger citation needed The website is one of the most popular Internet sites of its kind It received as many as 1 500 000 hits per day at its peak in May 2007 114 115 ICHC was instrumental in bringing animal based image macros and lolspeak into mainstream usage and making Internet memes profitable 116 Brussels lockdown edit In 2015 the atmosphere among the community of Brussels Belgium was tense when the city was put under the highest level state of emergency immediately following the Paris attacks however Internet cats were able to cut the tension by taking over the Twitter feed BrusselsLockdown 117 The feed was designed to discuss operational details of terrorist raids but when police asked for a social media blackout the hashtag was overwhelmed by Internet users posting pictures of cats to drown out serious discussion and prevent terrorists from gaining any useful information 118 The use of cat images is a reference to the Level 4 state of emergency the French word for the number 4 quatre is pronounced similarly to the word cat in English 119 120 Pusheen edit Main article Pusheen Pusheen is another Internet phenomenon about a cartoon cat Created in 2010 by Claire Belton the popularity of using emoji and Facebook stickers led to a rise in Pusheen s popularity She now has 9 million followers Bongo Cat edit Main article Bongo Cat Bongo Cat is another Internet meme about a cartoon cat that originated on May 7 2018 when an animated cat gif made by Twitter user StrayRogue 121 was edited by Twitter user DitzyFlama 122 to include bongos and the music Athletic from the Super Mario World soundtrack This cat has since been edited to many other songs and many different instruments Peepee the Cat edit Peepee the cat was the star of a copypasta popularized on Twitter The post i Amn just a litle creacher Thatse It I Canot change this was posted on September 18 2018 and has garnered over 38 000 likes Over the years he has become known on the site as a lolcat and was popular for his seemingly random but positive posts until his untimely and unfortunate death in April 2019 due to kidney complications related to Feline Immunodeficiency Virus 123 Vibing Cat CatJam edit In April 2020 a video of a white cat from Quebec Canada named Minette bobbing her head as if dancing went viral 124 In addition to its popularity on social media sites like Youtube and TikTok the cat was widely shared on livestreaming platform Twitch tv where it was enabled as a emote through third party service BetterTTV on over 200 000 channels 125 In December 2020 the official YouTube Channel of the International Cricket Council posted a video named Vibing cricketers vibing cat showing edited footage of the cat alongside various cricketers dancing to music 126 Zoom Cat Lawyer I m Not a Cat edit Main article Zoom Cat Lawyer It refers to a viral video taken from a live stream of a civil forfeiture hearing and being held on the video conferencing application Zoom in Texas 394th Judicial District Court The video features attorney Rod Ponton who is struggling to disable a cat filter that shows a white kitten mask over his face resulting in it appearing as if a cat is speaking 127 Floppa edit Big Floppa is a caracal from Russia real name Gregory or Gosha for short who gained popularity as an internet meme after being posted by his owner on Instagram 128 Floppa can also more generally refer to a collection of images either portraying Big Floppa also referred to as Gosha or Shlepa or any caracals The collection of images do not portray to a specific theme per se but always hold Floppa as a centerpoint or personification of something 129 Catloaf edit nbsp A cat loafing with its paws and tail tucked under its bodyCatloaf also spelled as cat loaf and sometimes known as hovercat 130 tugboat or loafing 131 is a term used to describe a cat s sitting position in which its paws and tail are tucked under the body forming a loaf like shape A speculation for the sitting position indicates that the cat is relaxed and feels unthreatened and therefore has no need to sit in a position where it would have to attack Another potential reason for this sitting position is for the cat to maintain a comfortable body temperature without having to move 132 American cartoonist B Kliban had noted the similarity between the shapes of cats and meatloaves as early as 1975 133 However widespread popularity of the word had not gained peak popularity until the 2010s on social media sites such as Reddit and Twitter as well as Facebook where the sitting position is also known as tugboat in the Tuggin group 134 131 Spoofs editBonsai Kitten was a satirical website launched in 2000 that claims to provide instructions on how to grow a kitten in a jar so as to mold the bones of the kitten into the shape of the jar as the cat grows much like how a bonsai plant is shaped It was made by an MIT university student going by the alias of Dr Michael Wong Chang 135 The website generated furor after members of the public complained to animal rights organizations who stated that while the site s content may be faked the issue it is campaigning for may create violence towards animals according to the Michigan Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals MSPCA Although the website in its most recent form was shut down it still generates primarily spam petitions to shut the site down or complain to its ISP The website has been thoroughly debunked by Snopes com and The Humane Society of the United States among other prominent organizations Cat media and news websites editThe Catnip Times edit Founded by Laura Mieli in 2012 it has been running full time since 2017 136 It now has more than a million followers in over 100 countries 137 138 It contributes articles to American Kennel Club affiliate AKC Reunite 139 140 141 In July 2018 it sponsored the first ever Meow Meetup at the Stephens Convention Center in Rosemont Illinois The event was held July 21 22 142 was estimated to attract around 3000 people It was the largest cat conference in the Midwest 143 144 News by Cats edit Founded by Lithuanian born Justinas Butkus who lives in Wellington New Zealand the site adds a cat element to news stories Reporting on actual events it changes the wording to a type of cat talk such as kidney opurration instead of kidney operation and prepurr for major eruption instead of prepare for major eruption There were mixed reactions within the first week of the site s operation 145 NewsByCats com has been defunct since some time after March 9 2022 146 The Purrington Post edit The Purrington Post publishes a newsletter The first Volume 1 Issue 1 came out on November 1 2013 147 According to Natural Pet Science The Purrington Post averages half a million page views per trimester 148 It was referred to in September 2018 as an award winning cat blog by the Dow Jones amp Company owned financial information service MarketWatch 149 Also that year it was rated No 3 by KittyCoaching com in a list of the 12 best cat blogs for that year 150 It was also highly rated by Cats com in their Top 35 Cat Blogs You Should Know About list for 2018 151 The opinion of the Post on cat behavior has been valued enough to be quoted in articles 152 See also edit nbsp Cats portal nbsp Internet portalCultural depictions of cats Human interaction with cats List of individual catsExplanatory notes edit According to the owners October 11 2011 is not the cat s birth date but the date of his adoption His birth date is unknown References edit Why The Internet Chose Cats Thought 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ca NPS has been featured in NaturalPetScience com Archived from the original on December 15 2019 Canadian Brand Natural Pet Science New Product Launch Receives Media Recognition for Pet Treats Made from Hemp and Crickets MarketWatch Press release September 7 2018 Archived from the original on December 15 2019 The Best Cat Blogs Updated for 2018 KittyCoaching com December 26 2017 Archived from the original on July 27 2020 Top 35 Cat Blogs You Should Know About wwwallaboutcats com Cats com December 9 2018 Archived from the original on December 15 2019 Maurer Shari June 1 2018 Do Cats Smile Here s How To Tell Your Cat Is Happy At Least On The Inside Romper com Archived from the original on July 27 2020 3 They Meow A Lot Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Cats and the Internet amp oldid 1207865333, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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