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Wikipedia

Black Mirror

January 09, 2023

For other uses, see Black Mirror (disambiguation).

Black Mirror is a British anthology television series created by Charlie Brooker. Individual episodes explore a diversity of genres, but most are set in near-future dystopias with sci-fi technology—a type of speculative fiction. The series is based on The Twilight Zone and uses technology to comment on contemporary social issues. Most episodes are written by Brooker, with heavy involvement by the executive producer Annabel Jones.

Black Mirror
Genre
Created byCharlie Brooker
Written by
Country of originUnited Kingdom
Original languageEnglish
No. of series5
No. of episodes22 (not including Bandersnatch) (list of episodes)
Production
Executive producers
Running time41–89 minutes
Production companies
DistributorEndemol Shine UK (2011–2019)
Release
Original network
Picture format
Audio format
Original release4 December 2011 (2011-12-04) –
present

There are 22 episodes across five series and one special, in addition to the interactive film Black Mirror: Bandersnatch (2018). The first two series aired on the British network Channel 4 in 2011 and 2013, as did the 2014 special "White Christmas". The programme then moved to Netflix, where three further series aired in 2016, 2017 and 2019. A sixth series on Netflix has been greenlit and is in active production as of July 2022.[1] Two related webisode series were produced by Netflix, and a companion book to the first four series, Inside Black Mirror, was published in 2018. Soundtracks to many episodes have been released as albums.

The series has received critical acclaim and is considered by many reviewers to be one of the best television series of the 2010s. The programme won the Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Television Movie three times consecutively for "San Junipero", "USS Callister" and Bandersnatch. However, some critics consider the morality of the series obvious or cite declining quality over time. Black Mirror, along with American Horror Story, has been credited with repopularising the anthology television format, and a number of episodes have been seen by reviewers as prescient.

Episodes

Main article: List of Black Mirror episodes

The series was originally commissioned by Channel 4 in the United Kingdom and premiered in December 2011. A second series ran during February 2013. In September 2015, Netflix purchased the programme, commissioning a series of 12 episodes later divided into two series of six episodes.[2] The first six episodes were released simultaneously on Netflix worldwide as the overall third series on 21 October 2016. The fourth series of six episodes was released on 29 December 2017.[3] A fifth series consisting of three episodes was released on 5 June 2019.[4] The first four series, as well as the special "White Christmas", have been released on DVD.[5]

SeriesEpisodesOriginally released
First releasedLast releasedNetwork
134 December 2011 (2011-12-04)18 December 2011 (2011-12-18)Channel 4
2311 February 2013 (2013-02-11)25 February 2013 (2013-02-25)
Special16 December 2014 (2014-12-16)
3621 October 2016 (2016-10-21)Netflix
4629 December 2017 (2017-12-29)
Interactive film28 December 2018 (2018-12-28)
535 June 2019 (2019-06-05)

Premise

Genre and themes

As Black Mirror is an anthology series, each episode is standalone and can be watched in any order.[6] The programme is an instance of speculative fiction within science fiction: the majority of episodes are set in dystopian near-futures with novel technologies that exaggerate a trait from contemporary culture, often the internet.[7][8][9] An example is "Crocodile", where the Recaller device used to view a person's memories is the main difference from the modern world.[7] Many such technologies involve altering the human body or consciousness, with little in-universe concern for the morality of these actions.[8] They provide convenience or freedom to the user, but exacerbate problematic personality traits.[8][9] Adrian Martin of Screen wrote that many episodes depict "basic human emotions and desires" that "intersect with, and get twisted by, a technological system that invariably spins out of control and into catastrophe".[7] The settings are generally patriarchal and capitalist, and most episodes explore topics associated more with masculinity than femininity.[10] Recurring themes throughout Black Mirror include data privacy and surveillance, virtual reality, individualism and consumerism.[7][8] Many episodes have plot twists.[11][12]

However, individual episodes explore varying genres.[7] Crime fiction episodes include the police procedurals "Hated in the Nation" and "Smithereens" and the Nordic noir "Crocodile".[13][14][15] Horror and psychological horror are features of "Black Museum" and "Playtest", respectively.[16][17] The first episode, "The National Anthem", contains black comedy and political satire.[18][19] Some episodes employ features of lighter-hearted genres, such as romance in "San Junipero" and "Striking Vipers", romantic comedy in "Hang the DJ", or space opera in "USS Callister".[20][21][22][23] Other genres include drama ("Fifteen Million Merits"), psychological thriller (Black Mirror: Bandersnatch), post-apocalyptic fiction ("Metalhead"), and war film ("Men Against Fire").[7][10][24][25]

Black Mirror can be seen to demonstrate a negative view of unending pursuit of scientific and technological advancement.[8] The majority of episodes end unhappily.[9] However, characters who carefully consider the risks of technology with which they engage are met with happy endings, as in "San Junipero".[8] Juliana Lopes of Via Panorâmica argued that the dystopian settings resemble the French Marxist Guy Debord's concept of the spectacle, wherein mass media create alienation and an unattainable utopia for individuals to pursue. For instance, in "Nosedive", the protagonist Lacie strives for a utopian life through superficiality and performativity, in a society where social media success contributes to high socioeconomic status.[9] Academics writing in Quarterly Review of Film and Video found that Black Mirror episodes fall into a genre of "mind-game films", wherein protagonists are disoriented and narratives are non-linear or fragmented. Films in this genre include Inception (2010) and Eternal Sunshine of the Spotless Mind (2004), and these works often show the unreliability of the state, technology or family.[8]

Some critics believed that episodes produced under Channel 4 had a more British tone or shared aesthetic qualities not found in later series.[7][8] In contrast, Netflix episodes including "Nosedive", "San Junipero", "USS Callister" and "Hang the DJ" evidence pastel aesthetics, use of 1980s or 1990s nostalgia and lighter-hearted tones than Channel 4 episodes.[8] The frequency of happy endings and positive uses of technology increase in later series.[26][27][28]

Connections between episodes

 
Irma Thomas, whose 1964 song "Anyone Who Knows What Love Is (Will Understand)" recurs throughout Black Mirror

Later episodes include Easter egg allusions—small references to other instalments. For example, the fictional news channel UKN recurs between episodes, and the company Fence's Pizza appears in both "USS Callister" and "Crocodile".[29][30] A large number of Easter eggs are found in news tickers and social media feeds shown in various episodes.[31][32] The final episode of the fourth series "Black Museum" includes references to every prior episode of the series.[33] The song "Anyone Who Knows What Love Is (Will Understand)" (1964) by Irma Thomas appeared in several episodes: "Fifteen Million Merits", "White Christmas", "Men Against Fire", "Crocodile" and "Rachel, Jack and Ashley Too".[34] Actors rarely re-occur between episodes, but a small number have appeared in unrelated roles. Hannah John-Kamen played the singer Selma in "Fifteen Million Merits" and the journalist Sonja in "Playtest"; Michaela Coel appeared as an airline check-in agent in "Nosedive" and the crew member Shania in "USS Callister"; Daniel Lapaine had the role of the minor character Max in "The Entire History of You" and the doctor Daniel in "Black Museum".[35][36][37]

Some writers believe that Black Mirror episodes are set in a shared universe, due to the abundance of Easter eggs, or tonal and thematic connections across the programme as a whole.[8] Fans and journalists have attempted to establish concrete chronologies between episodes.[38][39] The series creator Charlie Brooker's comments on this topic changed over time. He initially described the programme's setting as an "artistic universe" or "psychologically shared universe".[32][38] After the release of the third series, he said that a line in "Hated in the Nation" that references the central crime in "White Bear" established a "canonical" connection between them.[31] Brooker said of "Black Museum" that it "does actually now seem to imply that it is all a shared universe".[38] However, he described the Easter eggs in 2018 as "an extra bit of texture for fans" and not a consideration that limits the design of new episodes.[39]

Production

Conception

The "black mirror" of the title is the one you'll find on every wall, on every desk, in the palm of every hand: the cold, shiny screen of a TV, a monitor, a smartphone.

Charlie Brooker, The Guardian[40]

The series was created by Brooker, who was previously known as a comedy writer.[41] He wrote video game reviews for PC Zone in the late 1990s and began writing television reviews for The Guardian and making television in the 2000s.[42] Brooker had completed production of Dead Set (2008), a zombie-based drama series, and while working on Newswipe (2009–2010) and other programmes, decided to make an anthology drama series. It was modelled in the style of The Twilight Zone (1959–1964), Tales of the Unexpected (1979–1988) and Hammer House of Horror (1980).[40][43]

Brooker recognised that Rod Serling had based The Twilight Zone on contemporary issues, often controversial ones such as racism, but placed them in fictional settings to get around television censors at the time. Brooker realised he could commentate similarly on modern issues, specifically focusing on technology, a topic he explored in producing the series How TV Ruined Your Life (2011). He aimed to explore "the way we might be living in 10 minutes' time".[40]

Brooker wanted to keep the anthology approach, using new stories, settings, characters, and actors for each episode, as he felt this was a key element of enjoying series like The Twilight Zone. This approach would allow Black Mirror to contrast with current dramas and serials that had a standard recurring cast.[40] According to Brooker, the production team considered giving the series a linking theme or presenter, but ultimately decided not to.[44]

Writing process

 
Charlie Brooker wrote the majority of episodes.

Most episodes are credited solely to Brooker. Many originate with him talking to the executive producer Annabel Jones or others about a "what-if idea", and considering if it could be the consequence of some new technology.[45] Brooker said that like his previous comedy writing, the premise is a "worst case scenario compounded"; the ideas often make him laugh.[45][46] Episodes generally have only one aspect at a time that requires suspension of disbelief, and characters' actions are designed to feel authentic even if their predicaments are unusual.[41] Brooker avoided reacting to news events or topical subjects, as there was no guarantee of their continued relevance by the release date.[47]

In the first two series, Brooker would plan less and write the script as he went along, which led to more dropped subplots and several iterations of rewriting "White Bear" in particular.[41][48] He would write with advertisement breaks in mind, as motivation to reach the next break, and so that he could insert some cliffhanger to make the audience return.[49]: 1:21:25  After the first two series, Brooker wrote a full outline preceding each first draft, finding that picturing an ending made the process easier even if the ending later changed. The outline could vary substantially in length, from two to twenty-five pages.[49]: 13:00 

"San Junipero" was the first episode written for Netflix and came from a conscious decision to experiment with the tone of a Black Mirror episode. Following this, episodes became more tonally diverse.[47] Brooker would send a brief treatment to Netflix and receive feedback before beginning the first draft.[47] He wrote some material while standing up, as the slight discomfort discouraged time-wasting; he said that the first draft, the "vomit draft", was always terrible, but had to be written.[50] He tried to picture the finished episode while writing and sometimes ran while listening to music as a source of inspiration. Brooker said that emotional speeches were easier to write, while sequences with multiple parts were harder.[51] Feedback came from Jones and a director or cast member could have a large influence on the script.[47] Additionally, Brooker and Jones were involved in all aspects of production process, observing the filming and participating in the editing room where possible.[51][52]: 308  They pointed out logical inconsistencies and worked on the details of technological user interfaces.[53] Brooker said that the final edit could allow aspects that were not working to be fixed, or for introduction of overlooked ideas.[41]

The episode "The Entire History of You" was written by Jesse Armstrong.[52]: 50  William Bridges is co-credited on both "Shut Up and Dance" and "USS Callister" and Brooker's wife Konnie Huq received a co-credit on "Fifteen Million Merits".[52]: 31, 161, 225  For these episodes, Brooker did not write in the same room as his colleagues, instead generally working remotely. One person would write the first draft and they would then iterate between feedback and re-writing.[49]: 1:13:30  On "Nosedive", Michael Schur wrote the first half of the script and Rashida Jones wrote the second half, based on ideas and a story outline from Brooker.[54]

Series 1

 
Rory Kinnear starred as Prime Minister Michael Callow in the first episode, "The National Anthem".

The series' inception was in 2010. Brooker and Jones had begun to work together on Charlie Brooker's Screenwipe, a television review programme which aired from 2006 to 2008. The first pitch for Black Mirror, to the head of comedy at Channel 4, was for eight half-hour episodes by different authors. Technology was a lesser focus, and the worlds were larger and more detailed, which Jones said was not possible to execute properly in the short runtime. The series was then commissioned for three-hour-long episodes. The first script was "Fifteen Million Merits".[52]: 6–13  The second was "Inbound", an episode that was never produced: it was a science fiction adaptation of what was revealed at the end to be a true story about a boy in the Iraq War.[49]: 1:01:00  Concepts from it were later repurposed for "Men Against Fire". The following script pitched became "The National Anthem", the first episode to air. The third episode is "The Entire History of You".[52]: 6–13 

The programme was produced by Brooker's production company Zeppotron, for the Dutch media company Endemol. Joel Collins served as production designer, with his company Painting Practice working on visual effects. In the early stages of Black Mirror, Jones was keen to avoid casting comedy actors, as Brooker was previously a comedy writer, and they wanted the series to not feel like comedy.[52]: 16, 18  The production occurred concurrent to that of A Touch of Cloth, a satirical police procedural series that Brooker wrote for.[49]: 0:23:00  The series aired weekly from 4 December 2011. "The National Anthem" features Rory Kinnear as a British prime minister who must have sex with a pig for a kidnapped Princess to be released. In "Fifteen Million Merits", Daniel Kaluuya plays Bing and Jessica Brown Findlay plays Abi, two characters in a society where most people must cycle each day to earn currency. "The Entire History of You" follows the married couple Liam and Ffion, played by Toby Kebbell and Jodie Whittaker, respectively, as Liam becomes suspicious of Ffion's relationship to a friend.[40]

Series 2

 
Lenora Crichlow starred as Victoria Skillane in "White Bear".

The first series was expensive for Channel 4, as the anthology format meant there were no economies of scale, but Black Mirror was commissioned for a second series of three episodes. Brooker described it as "more epic in scale, but more intimate in scope": the episodes have more understated technologies. Brooker commented that the second series mirrors the first: the former has topics of (in order) "warped political satire", "dystopian hellscape", and "relationship torn apart by technology", while the latter presents episodes of these forms in reverse. Each episode in the first series had a male protagonist, so Brooker deliberately wrote female protagonists for the first two episodes, "Be Right Back" and "White Bear".[52]: 59–64 

A trailer for the second series was made by Moving Picture Company and featured a dream sequence, a factory and a large dust cloud, but no extracts of series two episodes.[55] The series aired weekly from 11 February 2013. "Be Right Back" follows Martha (Hayley Atwell) turning to artificial intelligence for emotional support while grieving over the death of her partner Ash (Domhnall Gleeson). Lenora Crichlow stars as Victoria Skillane, a woman in an apocalypse who has lost her memory, in "White Bear". "The Waldo Moment" is a political satire starring Daniel Rigby as Jamie Salter, a man who contests a by-election as an animated bear. Black Mirror was first made available in the US from November 2013 via DirecTV, where episodes aired on Audience and were available online.[56]

"White Christmas"

 
Jon Hamm, who played Matt in "White Christmas"

According to Brooker, the series was still taking its budget from the comedy department of Channel 4, and there was discussion of whether it should fall under the drama department instead. Shane Allen, head of comedy for Channel 4 at the time, stated in 2018 that someone had been taken aback by the budget for Black Mirror, which was well above the standard for a comedy. The new head of comedy did not have an existing relationship with Brooker and Jones.[52]: 101–103 

Brooker reported in 2018 that Channel 4 agreed on a third series of four episodes, but requested detailed synopses of the episodes in advance. Brooker came up with an episode "Angel of the Morning", which would later become a story in "White Christmas". He also conceived of an episode based on the earlier script "Inbound" which would have been similar to the later "Men Against Fire". Another episode was named "Crocodile", which overlapped in parts with the series four episode of the same name. After a lengthy wait, Brooker and Jones were told that the ideas "weren't very Black Mirror". Though Channel 4 may have suggested making a one-off special, Jones said that she felt a lack of clarity from them.[52]: 101–103 

Jones and Brooker worked on other projects for the next year, such as A Touch of Cloth.[52]: 101–105  They set up House of Tomorrow, a division of Endemol under which later Black Mirror content would be produced.[57] After bumping into a Channel 4 staff member, Brooker emailed the channel to ask how to continue with Black Mirror. Channel 4 had the budget for an hour-long Christmas special, but Jones and Brooker pushed for a 90-minute episode. "White Christmas" was a portmanteau of three stories, inspired by works such as the 1983 science fiction film Twilight Zone: The Movie. It starred Jon Hamm as Matt and Rafe Spall as Joe throughout. Actors in the individual stories include: Rasmus Hardiker as Harry, Natalia Tena as Jennifer, Oona Chaplin as Greta, Janet Montgomery as Beth, and Ken Drury as Beth's father. The episode aired on 16 December 2014.[52]: 101–105 

Move to Netflix

On the day of the press screening for "White Christmas", Brooker and Jones had a meeting with Channel 4 executives, who told them that they wanted to continue the series but due to budget constraints, it would need to be a co-production. The pair had travelled to Los Angeles a few months prior to try to secure co-production funding but were unsuccessful. The channel also suggested that Brooker could write an episode of Electric Dreams (2017–2018), an adaptation of short stories by Philip K. Dick.[52]: 123–124  They also considered a five-episode series with an overarching storyline, at the suggestion of a US network, nicknaming the plan Game of Drones.[42]

On 1 December 2014, the first two series of the programme were released on Netflix in the United States after they bought exclusive streaming rights, leading to increased audience attention for the programme.[42][58] In a bidding war between channels, which included the American companies AMC, Syfy and HBO, Netflix led with a commitment of two series of ten episodes each.[42][52]: 125–126  Brooker and Jones reported in 2018 that although they and Netflix were both keen to have Channel 4 as equal partners, Channel 4 were evasive. They eventually got a meeting without discussion of a co-production with Netflix, where the channel suggested a renewal for three episodes. The channel later offered six episodes if full treatments could be given in advance, but Brooker and Jones were concerned due to past rejection of ideas. They had a limited time to reply to US offers and chose to make a deal with Netflix.[52]: 125–126 

In September 2015, Netflix commissioned 12 episodes of Black Mirror.[59] By this point, the series was available in around 80 territories.[42] In March 2016, it outbid Channel 4 for the rights to distributing the third series in the UK, with a bid of US$40 million.[60] Endemol released a statement saying that Channel 4 had "had the opportunity to recommission [Black Mirror] since 2013 and passed on this and subsequent co-production offers put to them. [...] Further efforts were made to try to reach a settlement regarding a UK window for Channel 4, but these were also sadly to no avail". In a press release, Channel 4 stated that they "offered to recommission Black Mirror". This marked the first time that an online streaming service had gained the rights to a series when the original network had wished to renew it.[61]

Series 3

 
 
Gugu Mbatha-Raw (left) and Mackenzie Davis (right) starred in "San Junipero", the first episode written for Netflix.

In developing the third series' stories, Brooker had looked at previous episodes and recognised that all of the stories were about characters becoming trapped in a situation from which they could not escape. With the third series, Brooker wanted to explore different formats, adding more conventional stories like a romance and a police procedural.[62] The producer Lucy Dyke commented that Netflix expected the series to become "bigger and better" and "more international", while production designer Joel Collins said that Netflix was happy to support ideas on the same scale or on a larger scale than previous episodes. The first episode that Brooker wrote for the series was "San Junipero", and it was an intentional departure from previous episodes as well as a "deliberate raspberry-blow" at fans who were concerned at the series' potential Americanisation.[52]: 126–127 

The titles of the six episodes that make up series three were announced in July 2016, along with the release date.[63] A trailer was released in October 2016.[64] The series was released on Netflix worldwide on 21 October 2016.[65] "Nosedive" is an episode starring Bryce Dallas Howard as Lacie, a woman pursuing social media popularity in a world where individuals assign ratings to every interaction with each other. "Playtest" is a horror story starring Wyatt Russell as Cooper, a playtester for a new virtual reality game. "Shut Up and Dance" is about a teenager blackmailed anonymously over the internet, starring Alex Lawther as Kenny and Jerome Flynn as Hector, and written by Brooker and William Bridges. "San Junipero" is a science fiction love story starring Gugu Mbatha-Raw as Kelly and Mackenzie Davis as Yorkie. "Men Against Fire" is a war story starring Malachi Kirby as Stripe. "Hated in the Nation" is a police procedural, with Kelly Macdonald as Karin Parke and Faye Marsay as Blue Coulson exploring the role of robot bees in a series of deaths.[52]: 129–219 

Series 4

 
The magician Penn Jillette, who contributed to "Black Museum"

Brooker said that the fourth series of six episodes has more variety than the third.[66] He began writing in July 2016 and continued throughout the 2016 United States presidential election, telling Digital Spy that he did not know what demand there would be for "nothing but bleak nihilism" and thus included "more hope" than in previous series.[67] The first episode made was "Arkangel", which was filmed in Canada in November 2016.[52]: 221 [68] The Netflix budget allowed them to set and film "Crocodile" in Iceland and make the special effects-intensive episode "Metalhead".[52]: 221  Filming concluded in June 2017.[69]

In May 2017, a Reddit post unofficially announced the names and directors of the six episodes in series 4 of Black Mirror.[70] The first trailer debuted on 25 August 2017 and two promotional photos were released in September.[71][72] Beginning on 24 November, Netflix published a series of posters and trailers for each episode in the fourth series of the programme, referred to as the "13 Days of Black Mirror", concluding on 6 December with the announcement of the release date, 29 December 2017.[73][74]

"USS Callister" is a space epic based around a video game company, starring Jesse Plemons as CTO Robert Daly and Cristin Milioti as the new programmer Nanette Cole. "Arkangel" is an episode about a mother implanting an invasive technology in her daughter, starring Rosemarie DeWitt as Marie and Brenna Harding as Sara, and directed by Jodie Foster. "Crocodile" is about the consequences of a hit-and-run, starring Andrea Riseborough as Mia. "Hang the DJ" is a love story between Amy, played by Georgina Campbell, and Frank, played by Joe Cole, centred around an artificial intelligence that selects people's partners for them. "Metalhead" is a black-and-white apocalypse episode starring Maxine Peake as Bella, a woman trying to escape a robotic "dog", and directed by David Slade. "Black Museum" is an anthology of three stories, one of which was written by the magician Penn Jillette. Focused around a crime museum, the episode stars Douglas Hodge as Rolo Haynes and Letitia Wright as Nish.[52]: 225–309 

According to Engadget and Gizmodo, as a means of viral marketing Netflix sent private messages to users of the Turkish website Ekşi Sözlük. The messages were sent from the account "iamwaldo" and read, "We know what you're up to. Watch and see what we will do." Although the advertising was met with positive reception from some users, others were concerned by distress that the messages may have caused.[75][76]

Bandersnatch

 
Fionn Whitehead, who starred as Stefan in Bandersnatch
Main article: Black Mirror: Bandersnatch

After much media speculation sparked by social media reports of filming, a quickly-deleted Twitter announcement by Netflix and foreign film board certifications, Netflix announced on 27 December 2018 that the film Black Mirror: Bandersnatch would be released the following day.[77][78][79][80] Set in 1984, the film follows Stefan, portrayed by Fionn Whitehead, a young programmer who begins to question reality and experience deteriorating mental health as he adapts a sprawling fantasy novel into a video game.[81][82] Bandersnatch is an interactive film, regularly prompting the viewer to select one of two choices on screen that affect how the storyline continues; there are over one trillion potential paths to view the work and five distinct endings. Other main cast include Will Poulter, Craig Parkinson, Alice Lowe, and Asim Chaudhry.[83]

Series 5

 
Miley Cyrus, who plays a pop star in the final episode of the fifth series, "Rachel, Jack and Ashley Too"

Netflix announced the fifth series on 5 March 2018.[84][85] The complexity of Bandersnatch, which was originally part of the fifth series, delayed production, although Netflix still committed to its release in 2019.[86][87] The first episode, "Striking Vipers", had been filmed prior to Bandersnatch.[88] On 15 May 2019, a trailer for the fifth series was released, indicating it would comprise three episodes.[4]

On 5 June 2019, the series was released. "Striking Vipers" sees Danny (Anthony Mackie) and Karl (Yahya Abdul-Mateen II) exploring a virtual relationship despite Danny's marriage to Theo (Nicole Beharie). "Smithereens" follows Andrew Scott as Chris through his kidnapping of a social media company intern. "Rachel, Jack and Ashley Too" stars the two titular sisters (Angourie Rice and Madison Davenport) co-operating with a doll cloned from the pop star Ashley O (Miley Cyrus).[88]

Upcoming sixth series

Around January 2020, Brooker and Jones announced their departure from House of Tomorrow. Variety reported that intellectual property issues were at the centre of this change, with the series' rights held by Endemol.[57] By February 2020, Brooker and Jones had established Broke and Bones, a new production company.[89] Netflix had arranged a long-term contract for series and other production rights with the Broke and Bones company by July 2020, although rights for Black Mirror still remained with Endemol. According to Variety, this left Brooker and Jones unable to produce additional series unless new agreements were put in place.[90] In a May 2020 interview with Radio Times, Brooker questioned whether the public mood would suit a sixth series of Black Mirror and said that he had been working on more comedic projects.[91]

A sixth series was announced by Netflix in May 2022. The series will be produced by Broke and Bones, rather than House of Tomorrow. However, House of Tomorrow's new owners Banijay retain ownership of the programme (Banijay bought the Endemol Shine Group in 2020). It is planned to have more than three episodes—the length of each previous series.[1] According to Variety, cast for the first three episodes includes Zazie Beetz, Paapa Essiedu, Josh Hartnett, Aaron Paul, Kate Mara, Danny Ramirez, Clara Rugaard, Auden Thornton and Anjana Vasan.[92][93] In August and September 2022, Deadline reported that Rory Culkin and Rob Delaney had been cast in the series.[94][95] Zazie Beetz said that her episode was filmed in June 2022.[96] Variety reported that the series was in production as of July 2022.[92]

Suggested spin-offs

Several sequel episodes or spin-offs have been suggested, though none have been produced. In 2013, Robert Downey Jr. optioned the episode "The Entire History of You" to potentially be made into a film by Warner Bros. and his production company Team Downey; in 2018, the episode's writer Jesse Armstrong said that the project was in "development hell".[97][98][99] In 2016, Brooker said that he had ideas for sequels to both "White Bear" and "Be Right Back" that were unlikely to be made.[100] He said in 2017 that there were no plans for a sequel episode to "San Junipero".[101] Brooker has suggested that some characters in "Hated in the Nation" could potentially recur, as could Colin Ritman (Will Poulter), a Bandersnatch character with awareness of alternate timelines and realities.[100][102] The director of "USS Callister", Toby Haynes, expressed interest in 2018 in a spin-off to the episode as a television series.[103]

Reception

Critical response

Black Mirror has been met with critical acclaim.[9] On Rotten Tomatoes, the first series received a 98% rating, the second received an 87% rating and "White Christmas" received an 89% rating. Series three received an 86% rating on Rotten Tomatoes and a score of 82 on Metacritic, series four received an 85% rating on Rotten Tomatoes and a score of 72 on Metacritic, Bandersnatch holds a 73% rating on Rotten Tomatoes and a score of 61 on Metacritic, and series five holds a rating of 68% on Rotten Tomatoes and a score of 65 on Metacritic.[104] According to Víctor Cerdán Martínez of Vivat Academia in 2018, Black Mirror was one of China's five most-watched Western television series.[105]

Series one garnered praise. David Sims of The A.V. Club gave the first episode—"The National Anthem"—an A rating, viewing each character decision and plot revelation as natural.[106] Jim Goodwin of Bleeding Cool complimented the acting.[107] Also, the episode received 145 complaints to the television regulatory body Ofcom, the eighth-largest figure for the year.[108] Reviewing "Fifteen Million Merits", Ryan Lambie of Den of Geek extolled the romance between Bing and Abi, as well as the production quality, music and acting.[24] Sam Richards of The Telegraph rated it four stars, praising the "acerbic humour".[109] Critical reaction to "The Entire History of You" was more mixed. Sims believed that Liam's actions escalated too quickly, but found the central premise of memory recording plausible.[110] Richards thought that the memory technology was not necessary to the story, but James Hibberd of Entertainment Weekly said that the episode's execution was "sophisticated and flawless".[111][112]

The series two opener, "Be Right Back", received critical acclaim. Morgan Jeffery of Digital Spy rated it four stars, praising the characters and emotionality, but criticising the ending.[113] Flickering Myth's Luke Owen lauded the acting of Hayley Atwell as Martha and Domhnall Gleeson as Ash, as well as the directing.[114] "White Bear" was well-received, with Simon Cocks of Screen Anarchy and Sims praising the plot twist and Tuppence Middleton's role as Jem.[115][116] However, Lambie criticised the passiveness of the main character, Victoria.[117] "The Waldo Moment" was considered the worst Black Mirror episode of the series by a number of reviewers, and criticised for poor writing and characterisation.[118][119][120] "White Christmas" garnered positive reception, including praise of the acting and the connections between narrative threads by The A.V. Club's Zack Handlen and The Independent's Ellen Jones.[121][122]

The third series received positive reception. Benjamin Lee of The Guardian and Emily St. James of Vox rated it four stars.[123][124] Writing in Vulture, Jen Chaney analysed that it had an increased variety in setting and tone, as well as longer episodes. Chaney found that four episodes are "very good to great", while the other two are "merely decent".[125] Lee praised "Nosedive" and "San Junipero" for their cinematography, acting, increased budget and narrative ambition.[123] Richard Lawson of Vanity Fair reviewed the episodes as "all engrossing in their way", but thought "Men Against Fire" had the weakest premise and production quality.[126] St. James wrote that the series was, as with previous series, equal parts "brilliant, ... pretty good, and ... kinda stupid", praising "San Junipero" but finding that other episodes should have been shorter and were "constrained" in their shared social media theme.[124]

The production and acting in series four were praised, as were some episodes. Writing in Variety, Sonia Saraiya commented that four of the six episodes explore human consciousness inside technology. She viewed "Black Museum" as a demonstration of the series' flaws, with its artificial consciousness technologies, use of violence and storylines that require characters to "be stupid and/or evil". However, Saraiya said that the production and acting was "beautiful" and praised "USS Callister" and "Metalhead" for diverging from Black Mirror's "typical austere futurism".[127] Sophie Gilbert of The Atlantic identified the same theme and praised "USS Callister" and "Hang the DJ", but saw the writing as the biggest weakness of the series.[128] Similarly, The Sydney Morning Herald's Brad Newsome praised the series' casting, and highlighted "USS Callister" as well-directed and well-acted.[129]

Reception to Bandersnatch and series five was more ambivalent. Linda Holmes of NPR praised Bandersnatch's technical design but criticised the narrative and the repetition of scenes. Holmes said that the audience are not given a reason to care about the main character, Stefan.[130] In The Guardian, Lucy Mangan rated the fifth series four stars, finding that the episodes are disparate in content but share "a new air of calm authority" that could reflect "an increasing confidence" of the producers.[131] Lucy Pavia of the Evening Standard said that the episodes "still pack a punch", with "Rachel, Jack and Ashley Too" as the highlight.[132] However, Hugh Montgomery of the BBC said that the programme's "variable quality is more starkly evident than ever" with "one good episode to two middling-to-bad ones". Montgomery praised "Striking Vipers" as "among the finest and most soulful" episodes.[133] Additionally, Vulture's Kathryn VanArendonk reviewed that though they are well-produced and well-acted, the instalments lack suitable premises.[134]

Critics of Black Mirror often view the show as self-righteous, with obvious morals in each story.[7] Norman Wilner of Now commented that the first three series are "rigidly formulaic" in its presentation of a worst-case scenario and a "sardonic twist" in each episode, with "San Junipero" as the only exception.[135] Chris Taylor argued for Mashable that the show should be viewed as more comedic and non-serious than prophetic, as it employs "nightmare logic" and concepts that require suspension of disbelief.[136] In a satirical article for The Toast, Daniel M. Lavery used the phrase "what if phones, but too much" to describe a parody episode plot. This became a common refrain for criticism, encapsulating the paranoia, pessimism or predictability of the programme.[137][138][139] Some reviewers found that Black Mirror decreased in quality over time.[137] Vulture critics categorised the show as hit-and-miss, and worsening over time.[140] LaToya Ferguson wrote in Paste that later series saw a "creative downfall" and increasing Americanisation, with their lengthier episodes, higher-profile actors and more "polished" style not compensating for a decline in quality.[141]

End-of-decade lists

A number of publications named Black Mirror on their lists of the best television programmes of the 2010s:

Den of Geek included it as one of the 13 "Best Sci-Fi, Fantasy, and Horror Shows of the 2010s" and though Vanity Fair did not include it in their top 10, it listed the episode "White Bear" as one of 15 "honourable mentions".[150][151] At the end of 2019 and 2020, a number of publications also created lists of the best television shows of the 21st century to date: readers of Digital Spy voted that Black Mirror was 13th-best, The Guardian included it in 23rd place and Deadline Hollywood reported that it was one of the 21 "most influential" programmes.[152][153][154]

Accolades

Main article: List of awards and nominations received by Black Mirror

In November 2012, Black Mirror won Best TV Movie/Miniseries at the International Emmy Awards.[155] Bryce Dallas Howard received a Screen Actors Guild Award nomination for her performance in the episode "Nosedive".[156] At the 69th Primetime Emmy Awards, Black Mirror received three nominations with two wins, including Outstanding Television Movie for "San Junipero".[157] "USS Callister" received three Emmy Awards, including Outstanding Television Movie, and four Emmy nominations in 2018.[158][159] Bandersnatch won two Emmys in 2019, including Outstanding Television Movie, making it the third consecutive win for Black Mirror in that category.[160][161]

Cultural impact

In fiction

 
The series American Horror Story has been credited with repopularising the anthology format, along with Black Mirror.

Along with American Horror Story (2011–), Black Mirror has been credited with repopularising the anthology format, which was rarely used in the 1990s and 2000s.[162][163][164] Changing profit incentives from increased streaming television consumption has been attributed to this success.[165][166] A 2019 reboot of The Twilight Zone, the primary show to inspire Black Mirror, can be seen as an example of this.[167][168][169] It was described by the creator Jordan Peele as broader than Black Mirror in that its themes do not have to be technological, and Sophie Gilbert of The Atlantic suggested that it may have avoided darker themes or explorations into human nature to avoid overlap.[170][171] Other anthology series that were part of this phenomenon include Room 104 (2017–2020) and Solos (2021).[172][173] Additionally, Adam White of The Independent stated that Black Mirror and Brooker's other works spawned an era of horror and fantasy that explores modern technology.[167] Science-fiction television that critics have compared to Black Mirror includes Humans (2015–2018) and Upload (2020–).[174][175]

The anthology Electric Dreams was widely compared to Black Mirror.[167] Reviewers found Electric Dreams to be less violent and more understated than Black Mirror, but contain some similar plots. For instance, the episode "Real Life" is a story about virtual reality.[162][176] The settings are further in the future and more allegorical.[176] Another example is Inside No. 9 (2014–), a British anthology series that critics saw as more comedic than Black Mirror, and known for intricate plot twists.[177][178] The creators Reece Shearsmith and Steve Pemberton have a larger role in the show than Brooker does in Black Mirror, as they star in most episodes and direct some in addition to writing them.[179] The serialised British dystopia Years and Years (2019) follows a family from 2019 to 2034, and drew many comparisons to Black Mirror in themes and its near-future technology.[167][180] The Verge's Liz Shannon Miller called it "Black Mirror, but with a full and beating heart".[181] Simon Cellan Jones, who directed the first four of six episodes, saw it as less dystopian than Black Mirror, and with less emphasis on technology.[182] The science fiction film Friend of the World (2020) was arranged like a Black Mirror episode. The creator Brian Patrick Butler said he wanted a sequence of stories with escalating tension, to create a "creepy and thought-provoking experience".[183]

There was critical consensus that the anthology series Soulmates (2020–) is inferior to Black Mirror.[184][185] Its central conceit—that a company can determine its customers' perfect partner—is similar to the series four episode "Hang the DJ". Soulmates was created by William Bridges, a writer for two Black Mirror episodes, and Georgina Campbell—who has a starring role in "Hang the DJ"—is a main character in one episode.[186] The One, a science-fiction programme with the same premise, was also seen as lesser than Black Mirror by critics.[187][188] The romantic comedy Made for Love (2021) stars Cristin Milioti of series four episode "USS Callister" and its technological premise of a woman whose ex-husband implanted a monitoring device in her body was compared to Black Mirror.[189][190] Milioti saw both stories as about "a woman trying to find herself".[191]

Comparisons to reality

 
Bryce Dallas Howard starred in "Nosedive", an episode whose social media ratings-obsessed world has been compared to China's Social Credit System.

Brooker has often been described by commentators as prescient in his scripts for Black Mirror.[167] In 2015, G. Clay Whitaker of The Daily Beast called the show a Magic 8-Ball.[192] The first episode, "The National Anthem", features the UK prime minister blackmailed into having sexual intercourse with a pig. Four years later, the Daily Mail published allegations that the then-prime minister David Cameron had placed a "private part of his anatomy" into the mouth of a dead pig as an initiation rite at university.[193][194] Brooker later said that after hearing the news, he "did genuinely for a moment wonder if reality was a simulation, whether it exists only to trick me".[193] In "The Waldo Moment", a 2013 episode, the animated cartoon Waldo places second in a UK by-election. The US presidency of the media personality Donald Trump (2017–2021) and the Ukrainian presidency of the comedian Volodymyr Zelenskyy (2019–) were compared by journalists to the platform of Waldo.[195][196][197] Brooker described Trump as "an anti-politics candidate who's raucous and defensive" and "offers nothing", like Waldo.[198] Adrian Karatnycky of Politico stated that as with Waldo, Zelenskyy had few clear policy positions prior to his election.[199]

The 2016 episode "Nosedive" presents a society in which citizens rate interactions with each other from one to five stars and receive an overall rating that largely determines their socioeconomic status. This has been compared to China's Social Credit System, where local governments collect data on citizens to assign them an overall score.[200] Example data points include publicly criticising the government, defaulting on a loan or having high-rated friends.[201][202] Like the system in "Nosedive", a low score can limit a person's access to transport.[203][204] "Be Right Back" shows an artificial intelligence technology designed to mimic a deceased loved one. Chatbots with similar functionality and personalisation have been compared to this premise, as has a 2022 announcement that a future Amazon Alexa feature will imitate voices of dead loved ones.[205] "Shut Up and Dance" is about a man who is blackmailed after footage of him masturbating is recorded through his webcam. Computer viruses can allow for covert recording through an unsuspecting person's webcam, and similar real-life blackmail has been reported.[200]

More minor facets of episodes have also been seen as prescient. Ten days after "Crocodile" depicted a self-driving pizza delivery truck, Toyota and Pizza Hut presented plans for a driverless pizza delivery vehicle at the 2018 Consumer Electronics Show.[206][207] "Fifteen Million Merits" features a talent show with a virtual animated audience based on Britain's Got Talent. In 2020, due to the COVID-19 pandemic, Britain's Got Talent had a virtual audience, which had an aesthetic resembling that of "Fifteen Million Merits".[208][209] Other real-life technologies have been described as progress towards those seen in Black Mirror, such as the motion capture animation of Waldo in "The Waldo Moment", the augmented reality military system from "Men Against Fire" and the artificial bees in "Hated in the Nation".[194][200]

Spin-off media

 
A ZX Spectrum emulator game, Nohzdyve, was created as a tie-in to Bandersnatch.

A number of Black Mirror tie-in products have been released. A Nosedive board game based on the episode of the same name was produced by Asmodee. Released on 25 November 2018, the game requires between three and six players and is designed to last for roughly 45 minutes.[210] The fictional game Nohzdyve, which is featured in Bandersnatch and named after the episode "Nosedive", was created by Netflix for a ZX Spectrum emulator and released on a Bandersnatch tie-in website.[211] A 2017 museum exhibit at the Barbican Centre, entitled Into the Unknown: A Journey Through Science Fiction, included an installation based on "Fifteen Million Merits".[212] A number of mock "Tucker's Newsagent and Games" storefronts, designed after the fictional Bandersnatch shop of the same name, were erected in Birmingham and London shortly after the film's release in 2018.[213][214]

Soundtracks

Soundtracks to 12 of the 23 instalments have been released on online streaming services: "Be Right Back", "White Bear", "White Christmas", "Nosedive", "San Junipero", "Men Against Fire", "Hated in the Nation", "USS Callister", "Arkangel", "Hang the DJ", "Black Museum" and "Smithereens".[215] Brooker also released a 42-track Spotify playlist of songs that were either featured in "San Junipero" or planned for inclusion at some stage.[216] The "Hang the DJ" soundtrack, credited to Alex Somers and featuring Sigur Rós, was additionally released on vinyl.[217] The song "On a Roll" from "Rachel, Jack and Ashley Too" is based on the Nine Inch Nails song "Head Like a Hole". It was released by the performer, Miley Cyrus, under her character's name Ashley O and went on to chart in multiple countries. The B-side "Right Where I Belong" was another Nine Inch Nails adaptation featured in the episode.[218][219]

Webisodes

External video
Czarne Lusterko
  1%
  69.90
  The Breakup
  The Sum of Happiness

A series of webisodes, titled Little Black Mirror (Polish: Czarne Lusterko), was produced for Netflix Polska by Jacek Ambrosiewicz, in collaboration with Polish YouTubers. Released on 19 January 2018, the four shorts vary between eight and twenty-one minutes in length. 69.90 explores "loneliness and gaming", according to the creators Huyen Pham and Marcin Nguyen; they discussed 20 different ideas before deciding on a computer simulation which is indistinguishable from real life. The Breakup features Krzysztof Gonciarz and Kasia Mecinski: it used realism and ordinary technology, such as a Panasonic Lumix DC-GH5 that emulates vlog aesthetics. The Sum of Happiness was posted on Martin Stankiewicz's YouTube channel and focuses on a neurological implant and a relationship app, previously explored Black Mirror topics. 1%, filmed by Groupa Filmowa Darwin, and is about a violent piece of obstetrics technology.[220]

External video
Stories From Our Future
  Cure for Loneliness
  Getting to Know You
  The Healthy Alternative

A second series of webisodes, initially announced as Little Black Mirror but eventually renamed Stories From Our Future, was directed for Netflix América Latina by American YouTuber Rudy Mancuso.[221][222] Initially planned for release on Netflix América Latina's YouTube channel, as part of promotion for the programme's fifth series, the original trailer for the project was removed by Netflix. The shorts were released on 10 June 2019 on YouTube channels of those involved.[223] Cure for Loneliness was released on Mancuso's channel; Getting to Know You was released on Lele Pons' channel; The Healthy Alternative was released on Juanpa Zurita's channel.[224] Also featured in the series is Australian actor Maia Mitchell.[223]

Literature

In June 2018, the oral history companion book Inside Black Mirror was announced. Brooker, Jones and Jason Arnopp are the credited writers. The book features sections on the 19 episodes in the first four series, each consisting of conversational interviews from cast and crew along with stills and behind-the-scenes images.[225][52] The book was released in the UK on 1 November 2018 and in the US on 20 November 2018 from Penguin Random House.[226][227] Starburst rated the book ten out of ten stars, praising its "wonderfully-comprehensive format" and summarising it as "blunt, brittle, often killingly funny and lavishly-illustrated".[228]

In June 2017, Brooker announced a series of prose stories based on Black Mirror. The first volume was to be published on 20 February 2018 and scheduled to be edited by Brooker; two further volumes were planned for later in 2018 and in 2019.[229][230] Planned writers included the science fiction authors Cory Doctorow, Sylvain Neuvel and Catherine Webb, under the pseudonym Claire North.[231] The project was postponed indefinitely in 2018 as Brooker and Jones could not dedicate enough time to it, with Brooker saying "I'm not sure when or if [the series] will appear. Probably not".[225]

Black Mirror Labyrinth

In mid-2019, Thorpe Park Resort in Chertsey, United Kingdom, announced that it was to open a walkthrough maze, the "Black Mirror Labyrinth".[232] The maze was scheduled to open in March 2020,[233][234] but this was delayed because of the COVID-19 pandemic.[235] It opened on 21 May 2021 and is themed around artificial intelligence. The subject's name and a photo taken of them are used to personalise the maze.[236]

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External links

January 09, 2023
black, mirror, other, uses, disambiguation, british, anthology, television, series, created, charlie, brooker, individual, episodes, explore, diversity, genres, most, near, future, dystopias, with, technology, type, speculative, fiction, series, based, twiligh. For other uses see Black Mirror disambiguation Black Mirror is a British anthology television series created by Charlie Brooker Individual episodes explore a diversity of genres but most are set in near future dystopias with sci fi technology a type of speculative fiction The series is based on The Twilight Zone and uses technology to comment on contemporary social issues Most episodes are written by Brooker with heavy involvement by the executive producer Annabel Jones Black MirrorGenreAnthology Speculative fiction Science fiction DystopiaCreated byCharlie BrookerWritten byCharlie Brooker Kanak Huq Jesse Armstrong Rashida Jones Michael Schur William BridgesCountry of originUnited KingdomOriginal languageEnglishNo of series5No of episodes22 not including Bandersnatch list of episodes ProductionExecutive producersAnnabel Jones Charlie BrookerRunning time41 89 minutesProduction companiesZeppotron 2011 2013 House of Tomorrow 2014 2019 DistributorEndemol Shine UK 2011 2019 ReleaseOriginal networkChannel 4 2011 2014 Netflix 2016 present Picture formatHDTV 1080i 2011 2014 4K UHD 2160p 2016 2019 Audio formatDolby Digital 2 0 2011 2014 DTS HD Master Audio 5 1 2016 present Original release4 December 2011 2011 12 04 presentThere are 22 episodes across five series and one special in addition to the interactive film Black Mirror Bandersnatch 2018 The first two series aired on the British network Channel 4 in 2011 and 2013 as did the 2014 special White Christmas The programme then moved to Netflix where three further series aired in 2016 2017 and 2019 A sixth series on Netflix has been greenlit and is in active production as of July 2022 1 Two related webisode series were produced by Netflix and a companion book to the first four series Inside Black Mirror was published in 2018 Soundtracks to many episodes have been released as albums The series has received critical acclaim and is considered by many reviewers to be one of the best television series of the 2010s The programme won the Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Television Movie three times consecutively for San Junipero USS Callister and Bandersnatch However some critics consider the morality of the series obvious or cite declining quality over time Black Mirror along with American Horror Story has been credited with repopularising the anthology television format and a number of episodes have been seen by reviewers as prescient Contents 1 Episodes 2 Premise 2 1 Genre and themes 2 2 Connections between episodes 3 Production 3 1 Conception 3 2 Writing process 3 3 Series 1 3 4 Series 2 3 5 White Christmas 3 6 Move to Netflix 3 7 Series 3 3 8 Series 4 3 9 Bandersnatch 3 10 Series 5 3 11 Upcoming sixth series 3 12 Suggested spin offs 4 Reception 4 1 Critical response 4 2 End of decade lists 4 3 Accolades 5 Cultural impact 5 1 In fiction 5 2 Comparisons to reality 6 Spin off media 6 1 Soundtracks 6 2 Webisodes 6 3 Literature 6 4 Black Mirror Labyrinth 7 References 8 External linksEpisodes EditMain article List of Black Mirror episodes The series was originally commissioned by Channel 4 in the United Kingdom and premiered in December 2011 A second series ran during February 2013 In September 2015 Netflix purchased the programme commissioning a series of 12 episodes later divided into two series of six episodes 2 The first six episodes were released simultaneously on Netflix worldwide as the overall third series on 21 October 2016 The fourth series of six episodes was released on 29 December 2017 3 A fifth series consisting of three episodes was released on 5 June 2019 4 The first four series as well as the special White Christmas have been released on DVD 5 SeriesEpisodesOriginally releasedFirst releasedLast releasedNetwork134 December 2011 2011 12 04 18 December 2011 2011 12 18 Channel 42311 February 2013 2013 02 11 25 February 2013 2013 02 25 Special16 December 2014 2014 12 16 3621 October 2016 2016 10 21 Netflix4629 December 2017 2017 12 29 Interactive film28 December 2018 2018 12 28 535 June 2019 2019 06 05 Premise EditGenre and themes Edit As Black Mirror is an anthology series each episode is standalone and can be watched in any order 6 The programme is an instance of speculative fiction within science fiction the majority of episodes are set in dystopian near futures with novel technologies that exaggerate a trait from contemporary culture often the internet 7 8 9 An example is Crocodile where the Recaller device used to view a person s memories is the main difference from the modern world 7 Many such technologies involve altering the human body or consciousness with little in universe concern for the morality of these actions 8 They provide convenience or freedom to the user but exacerbate problematic personality traits 8 9 Adrian Martin of Screen wrote that many episodes depict basic human emotions and desires that intersect with and get twisted by a technological system that invariably spins out of control and into catastrophe 7 The settings are generally patriarchal and capitalist and most episodes explore topics associated more with masculinity than femininity 10 Recurring themes throughout Black Mirror include data privacy and surveillance virtual reality individualism and consumerism 7 8 Many episodes have plot twists 11 12 However individual episodes explore varying genres 7 Crime fiction episodes include the police procedurals Hated in the Nation and Smithereens and the Nordic noir Crocodile 13 14 15 Horror and psychological horror are features of Black Museum and Playtest respectively 16 17 The first episode The National Anthem contains black comedy and political satire 18 19 Some episodes employ features of lighter hearted genres such as romance in San Junipero and Striking Vipers romantic comedy in Hang the DJ or space opera in USS Callister 20 21 22 23 Other genres include drama Fifteen Million Merits psychological thriller Black Mirror Bandersnatch post apocalyptic fiction Metalhead and war film Men Against Fire 7 10 24 25 Black Mirror can be seen to demonstrate a negative view of unending pursuit of scientific and technological advancement 8 The majority of episodes end unhappily 9 However characters who carefully consider the risks of technology with which they engage are met with happy endings as in San Junipero 8 Juliana Lopes of Via Panoramica argued that the dystopian settings resemble the French Marxist Guy Debord s concept of the spectacle wherein mass media create alienation and an unattainable utopia for individuals to pursue For instance in Nosedive the protagonist Lacie strives for a utopian life through superficiality and performativity in a society where social media success contributes to high socioeconomic status 9 Academics writing in Quarterly Review of Film and Video found that Black Mirror episodes fall into a genre of mind game films wherein protagonists are disoriented and narratives are non linear or fragmented Films in this genre include Inception 2010 and Eternal Sunshine of the Spotless Mind 2004 and these works often show the unreliability of the state technology or family 8 Some critics believed that episodes produced under Channel 4 had a more British tone or shared aesthetic qualities not found in later series 7 8 In contrast Netflix episodes including Nosedive San Junipero USS Callister and Hang the DJ evidence pastel aesthetics use of 1980s or 1990s nostalgia and lighter hearted tones than Channel 4 episodes 8 The frequency of happy endings and positive uses of technology increase in later series 26 27 28 Connections between episodes Edit Irma Thomas whose 1964 song Anyone Who Knows What Love Is Will Understand recurs throughout Black Mirror Later episodes include Easter egg allusions small references to other instalments For example the fictional news channel UKN recurs between episodes and the company Fence s Pizza appears in both USS Callister and Crocodile 29 30 A large number of Easter eggs are found in news tickers and social media feeds shown in various episodes 31 32 The final episode of the fourth series Black Museum includes references to every prior episode of the series 33 The song Anyone Who Knows What Love Is Will Understand 1964 by Irma Thomas appeared in several episodes Fifteen Million Merits White Christmas Men Against Fire Crocodile and Rachel Jack and Ashley Too 34 Actors rarely re occur between episodes but a small number have appeared in unrelated roles Hannah John Kamen played the singer Selma in Fifteen Million Merits and the journalist Sonja in Playtest Michaela Coel appeared as an airline check in agent in Nosedive and the crew member Shania in USS Callister Daniel Lapaine had the role of the minor character Max in The Entire History of You and the doctor Daniel in Black Museum 35 36 37 Some writers believe that Black Mirror episodes are set in a shared universe due to the abundance of Easter eggs or tonal and thematic connections across the programme as a whole 8 Fans and journalists have attempted to establish concrete chronologies between episodes 38 39 The series creator Charlie Brooker s comments on this topic changed over time He initially described the programme s setting as an artistic universe or psychologically shared universe 32 38 After the release of the third series he said that a line in Hated in the Nation that references the central crime in White Bear established a canonical connection between them 31 Brooker said of Black Museum that it does actually now seem to imply that it is all a shared universe 38 However he described the Easter eggs in 2018 as an extra bit of texture for fans and not a consideration that limits the design of new episodes 39 Production EditConception Edit The black mirror of the title is the one you ll find on every wall on every desk in the palm of every hand the cold shiny screen of a TV a monitor a smartphone Charlie Brooker The Guardian 40 The series was created by Brooker who was previously known as a comedy writer 41 He wrote video game reviews for PC Zone in the late 1990s and began writing television reviews for The Guardian and making television in the 2000s 42 Brooker had completed production of Dead Set 2008 a zombie based drama series and while working on Newswipe 2009 2010 and other programmes decided to make an anthology drama series It was modelled in the style of The Twilight Zone 1959 1964 Tales of the Unexpected 1979 1988 and Hammer House of Horror 1980 40 43 Brooker recognised that Rod Serling had based The Twilight Zone on contemporary issues often controversial ones such as racism but placed them in fictional settings to get around television censors at the time Brooker realised he could commentate similarly on modern issues specifically focusing on technology a topic he explored in producing the series How TV Ruined Your Life 2011 He aimed to explore the way we might be living in 10 minutes time 40 Brooker wanted to keep the anthology approach using new stories settings characters and actors for each episode as he felt this was a key element of enjoying series like The Twilight Zone This approach would allow Black Mirror to contrast with current dramas and serials that had a standard recurring cast 40 According to Brooker the production team considered giving the series a linking theme or presenter but ultimately decided not to 44 Writing process Edit Charlie Brooker wrote the majority of episodes Most episodes are credited solely to Brooker Many originate with him talking to the executive producer Annabel Jones or others about a what if idea and considering if it could be the consequence of some new technology 45 Brooker said that like his previous comedy writing the premise is a worst case scenario compounded the ideas often make him laugh 45 46 Episodes generally have only one aspect at a time that requires suspension of disbelief and characters actions are designed to feel authentic even if their predicaments are unusual 41 Brooker avoided reacting to news events or topical subjects as there was no guarantee of their continued relevance by the release date 47 In the first two series Brooker would plan less and write the script as he went along which led to more dropped subplots and several iterations of rewriting White Bear in particular 41 48 He would write with advertisement breaks in mind as motivation to reach the next break and so that he could insert some cliffhanger to make the audience return 49 1 21 25 After the first two series Brooker wrote a full outline preceding each first draft finding that picturing an ending made the process easier even if the ending later changed The outline could vary substantially in length from two to twenty five pages 49 13 00 San Junipero was the first episode written for Netflix and came from a conscious decision to experiment with the tone of a Black Mirror episode Following this episodes became more tonally diverse 47 Brooker would send a brief treatment to Netflix and receive feedback before beginning the first draft 47 He wrote some material while standing up as the slight discomfort discouraged time wasting he said that the first draft the vomit draft was always terrible but had to be written 50 He tried to picture the finished episode while writing and sometimes ran while listening to music as a source of inspiration Brooker said that emotional speeches were easier to write while sequences with multiple parts were harder 51 Feedback came from Jones and a director or cast member could have a large influence on the script 47 Additionally Brooker and Jones were involved in all aspects of production process observing the filming and participating in the editing room where possible 51 52 308 They pointed out logical inconsistencies and worked on the details of technological user interfaces 53 Brooker said that the final edit could allow aspects that were not working to be fixed or for introduction of overlooked ideas 41 The episode The Entire History of You was written by Jesse Armstrong 52 50 William Bridges is co credited on both Shut Up and Dance and USS Callister and Brooker s wife Konnie Huq received a co credit on Fifteen Million Merits 52 31 161 225 For these episodes Brooker did not write in the same room as his colleagues instead generally working remotely One person would write the first draft and they would then iterate between feedback and re writing 49 1 13 30 On Nosedive Michael Schur wrote the first half of the script and Rashida Jones wrote the second half based on ideas and a story outline from Brooker 54 Series 1 Edit Rory Kinnear starred as Prime Minister Michael Callow in the first episode The National Anthem The series inception was in 2010 Brooker and Jones had begun to work together on Charlie Brooker s Screenwipe a television review programme which aired from 2006 to 2008 The first pitch for Black Mirror to the head of comedy at Channel 4 was for eight half hour episodes by different authors Technology was a lesser focus and the worlds were larger and more detailed which Jones said was not possible to execute properly in the short runtime The series was then commissioned for three hour long episodes The first script was Fifteen Million Merits 52 6 13 The second was Inbound an episode that was never produced it was a science fiction adaptation of what was revealed at the end to be a true story about a boy in the Iraq War 49 1 01 00 Concepts from it were later repurposed for Men Against Fire The following script pitched became The National Anthem the first episode to air The third episode is The Entire History of You 52 6 13 The programme was produced by Brooker s production company Zeppotron for the Dutch media company Endemol Joel Collins served as production designer with his company Painting Practice working on visual effects In the early stages of Black Mirror Jones was keen to avoid casting comedy actors as Brooker was previously a comedy writer and they wanted the series to not feel like comedy 52 16 18 The production occurred concurrent to that of A Touch of Cloth a satirical police procedural series that Brooker wrote for 49 0 23 00 The series aired weekly from 4 December 2011 The National Anthem features Rory Kinnear as a British prime minister who must have sex with a pig for a kidnapped Princess to be released In Fifteen Million Merits Daniel Kaluuya plays Bing and Jessica Brown Findlay plays Abi two characters in a society where most people must cycle each day to earn currency The Entire History of You follows the married couple Liam and Ffion played by Toby Kebbell and Jodie Whittaker respectively as Liam becomes suspicious of Ffion s relationship to a friend 40 Series 2 Edit Lenora Crichlow starred as Victoria Skillane in White Bear The first series was expensive for Channel 4 as the anthology format meant there were no economies of scale but Black Mirror was commissioned for a second series of three episodes Brooker described it as more epic in scale but more intimate in scope the episodes have more understated technologies Brooker commented that the second series mirrors the first the former has topics of in order warped political satire dystopian hellscape and relationship torn apart by technology while the latter presents episodes of these forms in reverse Each episode in the first series had a male protagonist so Brooker deliberately wrote female protagonists for the first two episodes Be Right Back and White Bear 52 59 64 A trailer for the second series was made by Moving Picture Company and featured a dream sequence a factory and a large dust cloud but no extracts of series two episodes 55 The series aired weekly from 11 February 2013 Be Right Back follows Martha Hayley Atwell turning to artificial intelligence for emotional support while grieving over the death of her partner Ash Domhnall Gleeson Lenora Crichlow stars as Victoria Skillane a woman in an apocalypse who has lost her memory in White Bear The Waldo Moment is a political satire starring Daniel Rigby as Jamie Salter a man who contests a by election as an animated bear Black Mirror was first made available in the US from November 2013 via DirecTV where episodes aired on Audience and were available online 56 White Christmas Edit Jon Hamm who played Matt in White Christmas According to Brooker the series was still taking its budget from the comedy department of Channel 4 and there was discussion of whether it should fall under the drama department instead Shane Allen head of comedy for Channel 4 at the time stated in 2018 that someone had been taken aback by the budget for Black Mirror which was well above the standard for a comedy The new head of comedy did not have an existing relationship with Brooker and Jones 52 101 103 Brooker reported in 2018 that Channel 4 agreed on a third series of four episodes but requested detailed synopses of the episodes in advance Brooker came up with an episode Angel of the Morning which would later become a story in White Christmas He also conceived of an episode based on the earlier script Inbound which would have been similar to the later Men Against Fire Another episode was named Crocodile which overlapped in parts with the series four episode of the same name After a lengthy wait Brooker and Jones were told that the ideas weren t very Black Mirror Though Channel 4 may have suggested making a one off special Jones said that she felt a lack of clarity from them 52 101 103 Jones and Brooker worked on other projects for the next year such as A Touch of Cloth 52 101 105 They set up House of Tomorrow a division of Endemol under which later Black Mirror content would be produced 57 After bumping into a Channel 4 staff member Brooker emailed the channel to ask how to continue with Black Mirror Channel 4 had the budget for an hour long Christmas special but Jones and Brooker pushed for a 90 minute episode White Christmas was a portmanteau of three stories inspired by works such as the 1983 science fiction film Twilight Zone The Movie It starred Jon Hamm as Matt and Rafe Spall as Joe throughout Actors in the individual stories include Rasmus Hardiker as Harry Natalia Tena as Jennifer Oona Chaplin as Greta Janet Montgomery as Beth and Ken Drury as Beth s father The episode aired on 16 December 2014 52 101 105 Move to Netflix Edit On the day of the press screening for White Christmas Brooker and Jones had a meeting with Channel 4 executives who told them that they wanted to continue the series but due to budget constraints it would need to be a co production The pair had travelled to Los Angeles a few months prior to try to secure co production funding but were unsuccessful The channel also suggested that Brooker could write an episode of Electric Dreams 2017 2018 an adaptation of short stories by Philip K Dick 52 123 124 They also considered a five episode series with an overarching storyline at the suggestion of a US network nicknaming the plan Game of Drones 42 On 1 December 2014 the first two series of the programme were released on Netflix in the United States after they bought exclusive streaming rights leading to increased audience attention for the programme 42 58 In a bidding war between channels which included the American companies AMC Syfy and HBO Netflix led with a commitment of two series of ten episodes each 42 52 125 126 Brooker and Jones reported in 2018 that although they and Netflix were both keen to have Channel 4 as equal partners Channel 4 were evasive They eventually got a meeting without discussion of a co production with Netflix where the channel suggested a renewal for three episodes The channel later offered six episodes if full treatments could be given in advance but Brooker and Jones were concerned due to past rejection of ideas They had a limited time to reply to US offers and chose to make a deal with Netflix 52 125 126 In September 2015 Netflix commissioned 12 episodes of Black Mirror 59 By this point the series was available in around 80 territories 42 In March 2016 it outbid Channel 4 for the rights to distributing the third series in the UK with a bid of US 40 million 60 Endemol released a statement saying that Channel 4 had had the opportunity to recommission Black Mirror since 2013 and passed on this and subsequent co production offers put to them Further efforts were made to try to reach a settlement regarding a UK window for Channel 4 but these were also sadly to no avail In a press release Channel 4 stated that they offered to recommission Black Mirror This marked the first time that an online streaming service had gained the rights to a series when the original network had wished to renew it 61 Series 3 Edit Gugu Mbatha Raw left and Mackenzie Davis right starred in San Junipero the first episode written for Netflix In developing the third series stories Brooker had looked at previous episodes and recognised that all of the stories were about characters becoming trapped in a situation from which they could not escape With the third series Brooker wanted to explore different formats adding more conventional stories like a romance and a police procedural 62 The producer Lucy Dyke commented that Netflix expected the series to become bigger and better and more international while production designer Joel Collins said that Netflix was happy to support ideas on the same scale or on a larger scale than previous episodes The first episode that Brooker wrote for the series was San Junipero and it was an intentional departure from previous episodes as well as a deliberate raspberry blow at fans who were concerned at the series potential Americanisation 52 126 127 The titles of the six episodes that make up series three were announced in July 2016 along with the release date 63 A trailer was released in October 2016 64 The series was released on Netflix worldwide on 21 October 2016 65 Nosedive is an episode starring Bryce Dallas Howard as Lacie a woman pursuing social media popularity in a world where individuals assign ratings to every interaction with each other Playtest is a horror story starring Wyatt Russell as Cooper a playtester for a new virtual reality game Shut Up and Dance is about a teenager blackmailed anonymously over the internet starring Alex Lawther as Kenny and Jerome Flynn as Hector and written by Brooker and William Bridges San Junipero is a science fiction love story starring Gugu Mbatha Raw as Kelly and Mackenzie Davis as Yorkie Men Against Fire is a war story starring Malachi Kirby as Stripe Hated in the Nation is a police procedural with Kelly Macdonald as Karin Parke and Faye Marsay as Blue Coulson exploring the role of robot bees in a series of deaths 52 129 219 Series 4 Edit The magician Penn Jillette who contributed to Black Museum Brooker said that the fourth series of six episodes has more variety than the third 66 He began writing in July 2016 and continued throughout the 2016 United States presidential election telling Digital Spy that he did not know what demand there would be for nothing but bleak nihilism and thus included more hope than in previous series 67 The first episode made was Arkangel which was filmed in Canada in November 2016 52 221 68 The Netflix budget allowed them to set and film Crocodile in Iceland and make the special effects intensive episode Metalhead 52 221 Filming concluded in June 2017 69 In May 2017 a Reddit post unofficially announced the names and directors of the six episodes in series 4 of Black Mirror 70 The first trailer debuted on 25 August 2017 and two promotional photos were released in September 71 72 Beginning on 24 November Netflix published a series of posters and trailers for each episode in the fourth series of the programme referred to as the 13 Days of Black Mirror concluding on 6 December with the announcement of the release date 29 December 2017 73 74 USS Callister is a space epic based around a video game company starring Jesse Plemons as CTO Robert Daly and Cristin Milioti as the new programmer Nanette Cole Arkangel is an episode about a mother implanting an invasive technology in her daughter starring Rosemarie DeWitt as Marie and Brenna Harding as Sara and directed by Jodie Foster Crocodile is about the consequences of a hit and run starring Andrea Riseborough as Mia Hang the DJ is a love story between Amy played by Georgina Campbell and Frank played by Joe Cole centred around an artificial intelligence that selects people s partners for them Metalhead is a black and white apocalypse episode starring Maxine Peake as Bella a woman trying to escape a robotic dog and directed by David Slade Black Museum is an anthology of three stories one of which was written by the magician Penn Jillette Focused around a crime museum the episode stars Douglas Hodge as Rolo Haynes and Letitia Wright as Nish 52 225 309 According to Engadget and Gizmodo as a means of viral marketing Netflix sent private messages to users of the Turkish website Eksi Sozluk The messages were sent from the account iamwaldo and read We know what you re up to Watch and see what we will do Although the advertising was met with positive reception from some users others were concerned by distress that the messages may have caused 75 76 Bandersnatch Edit Fionn Whitehead who starred as Stefan in Bandersnatch Main article Black Mirror Bandersnatch After much media speculation sparked by social media reports of filming a quickly deleted Twitter announcement by Netflix and foreign film board certifications Netflix announced on 27 December 2018 that the film Black Mirror Bandersnatch would be released the following day 77 78 79 80 Set in 1984 the film follows Stefan portrayed by Fionn Whitehead a young programmer who begins to question reality and experience deteriorating mental health as he adapts a sprawling fantasy novel into a video game 81 82 Bandersnatch is an interactive film regularly prompting the viewer to select one of two choices on screen that affect how the storyline continues there are over one trillion potential paths to view the work and five distinct endings Other main cast include Will Poulter Craig Parkinson Alice Lowe and Asim Chaudhry 83 Series 5 Edit Miley Cyrus who plays a pop star in the final episode of the fifth series Rachel Jack and Ashley Too Netflix announced the fifth series on 5 March 2018 84 85 The complexity of Bandersnatch which was originally part of the fifth series delayed production although Netflix still committed to its release in 2019 86 87 The first episode Striking Vipers had been filmed prior to Bandersnatch 88 On 15 May 2019 a trailer for the fifth series was released indicating it would comprise three episodes 4 On 5 June 2019 the series was released Striking Vipers sees Danny Anthony Mackie and Karl Yahya Abdul Mateen II exploring a virtual relationship despite Danny s marriage to Theo Nicole Beharie Smithereens follows Andrew Scott as Chris through his kidnapping of a social media company intern Rachel Jack and Ashley Too stars the two titular sisters Angourie Rice and Madison Davenport co operating with a doll cloned from the pop star Ashley O Miley Cyrus 88 Upcoming sixth series Edit Around January 2020 Brooker and Jones announced their departure from House of Tomorrow Variety reported that intellectual property issues were at the centre of this change with the series rights held by Endemol 57 By February 2020 Brooker and Jones had established Broke and Bones a new production company 89 Netflix had arranged a long term contract for series and other production rights with the Broke and Bones company by July 2020 although rights for Black Mirror still remained with Endemol According to Variety this left Brooker and Jones unable to produce additional series unless new agreements were put in place 90 In a May 2020 interview with Radio Times Brooker questioned whether the public mood would suit a sixth series of Black Mirror and said that he had been working on more comedic projects 91 A sixth series was announced by Netflix in May 2022 The series will be produced by Broke and Bones rather than House of Tomorrow However House of Tomorrow s new owners Banijay retain ownership of the programme Banijay bought the Endemol Shine Group in 2020 It is planned to have more than three episodes the length of each previous series 1 According to Variety cast for the first three episodes includes Zazie Beetz Paapa Essiedu Josh Hartnett Aaron Paul Kate Mara Danny Ramirez Clara Rugaard Auden Thornton and Anjana Vasan 92 93 In August and September 2022 Deadline reported that Rory Culkin and Rob Delaney had been cast in the series 94 95 Zazie Beetz said that her episode was filmed in June 2022 96 Variety reported that the series was in production as of July 2022 92 Suggested spin offs Edit Several sequel episodes or spin offs have been suggested though none have been produced In 2013 Robert Downey Jr optioned the episode The Entire History of You to potentially be made into a film by Warner Bros and his production company Team Downey in 2018 the episode s writer Jesse Armstrong said that the project was in development hell 97 98 99 In 2016 Brooker said that he had ideas for sequels to both White Bear and Be Right Back that were unlikely to be made 100 He said in 2017 that there were no plans for a sequel episode to San Junipero 101 Brooker has suggested that some characters in Hated in the Nation could potentially recur as could Colin Ritman Will Poulter a Bandersnatch character with awareness of alternate timelines and realities 100 102 The director of USS Callister Toby Haynes expressed interest in 2018 in a spin off to the episode as a television series 103 Reception EditCritical response Edit Black Mirror has been met with critical acclaim 9 On Rotten Tomatoes the first series received a 98 rating the second received an 87 rating and White Christmas received an 89 rating Series three received an 86 rating on Rotten Tomatoes and a score of 82 on Metacritic series four received an 85 rating on Rotten Tomatoes and a score of 72 on Metacritic Bandersnatch holds a 73 rating on Rotten Tomatoes and a score of 61 on Metacritic and series five holds a rating of 68 on Rotten Tomatoes and a score of 65 on Metacritic 104 According to Victor Cerdan Martinez of Vivat Academia in 2018 Black Mirror was one of China s five most watched Western television series 105 Series one garnered praise David Sims of The A V Club gave the first episode The National Anthem an A rating viewing each character decision and plot revelation as natural 106 Jim Goodwin of Bleeding Cool complimented the acting 107 Also the episode received 145 complaints to the television regulatory body Ofcom the eighth largest figure for the year 108 Reviewing Fifteen Million Merits Ryan Lambie of Den of Geek extolled the romance between Bing and Abi as well as the production quality music and acting 24 Sam Richards of The Telegraph rated it four stars praising the acerbic humour 109 Critical reaction to The Entire History of You was more mixed Sims believed that Liam s actions escalated too quickly but found the central premise of memory recording plausible 110 Richards thought that the memory technology was not necessary to the story but James Hibberd of Entertainment Weekly said that the episode s execution was sophisticated and flawless 111 112 The series two opener Be Right Back received critical acclaim Morgan Jeffery of Digital Spy rated it four stars praising the characters and emotionality but criticising the ending 113 Flickering Myth s Luke Owen lauded the acting of Hayley Atwell as Martha and Domhnall Gleeson as Ash as well as the directing 114 White Bear was well received with Simon Cocks of Screen Anarchy and Sims praising the plot twist and Tuppence Middleton s role as Jem 115 116 However Lambie criticised the passiveness of the main character Victoria 117 The Waldo Moment was considered the worst Black Mirror episode of the series by a number of reviewers and criticised for poor writing and characterisation 118 119 120 White Christmas garnered positive reception including praise of the acting and the connections between narrative threads by The A V Club s Zack Handlen and The Independent s Ellen Jones 121 122 The third series received positive reception Benjamin Lee of The Guardian and Emily St James of Vox rated it four stars 123 124 Writing in Vulture Jen Chaney analysed that it had an increased variety in setting and tone as well as longer episodes Chaney found that four episodes are very good to great while the other two are merely decent 125 Lee praised Nosedive and San Junipero for their cinematography acting increased budget and narrative ambition 123 Richard Lawson of Vanity Fair reviewed the episodes as all engrossing in their way but thought Men Against Fire had the weakest premise and production quality 126 St James wrote that the series was as with previous series equal parts brilliant pretty good and kinda stupid praising San Junipero but finding that other episodes should have been shorter and were constrained in their shared social media theme 124 The production and acting in series four were praised as were some episodes Writing in Variety Sonia Saraiya commented that four of the six episodes explore human consciousness inside technology She viewed Black Museum as a demonstration of the series flaws with its artificial consciousness technologies use of violence and storylines that require characters to be stupid and or evil However Saraiya said that the production and acting was beautiful and praised USS Callister and Metalhead for diverging from Black Mirror s typical austere futurism 127 Sophie Gilbert of The Atlantic identified the same theme and praised USS Callister and Hang the DJ but saw the writing as the biggest weakness of the series 128 Similarly The Sydney Morning Herald s Brad Newsome praised the series casting and highlighted USS Callister as well directed and well acted 129 Reception to Bandersnatch and series five was more ambivalent Linda Holmes of NPR praised Bandersnatch s technical design but criticised the narrative and the repetition of scenes Holmes said that the audience are not given a reason to care about the main character Stefan 130 In The Guardian Lucy Mangan rated the fifth series four stars finding that the episodes are disparate in content but share a new air of calm authority that could reflect an increasing confidence of the producers 131 Lucy Pavia of the Evening Standard said that the episodes still pack a punch with Rachel Jack and Ashley Too as the highlight 132 However Hugh Montgomery of the BBC said that the programme s variable quality is more starkly evident than ever with one good episode to two middling to bad ones Montgomery praised Striking Vipers as among the finest and most soulful episodes 133 Additionally Vulture s Kathryn VanArendonk reviewed that though they are well produced and well acted the instalments lack suitable premises 134 Critics of Black Mirror often view the show as self righteous with obvious morals in each story 7 Norman Wilner of Now commented that the first three series are rigidly formulaic in its presentation of a worst case scenario and a sardonic twist in each episode with San Junipero as the only exception 135 Chris Taylor argued for Mashable that the show should be viewed as more comedic and non serious than prophetic as it employs nightmare logic and concepts that require suspension of disbelief 136 In a satirical article for The Toast Daniel M Lavery used the phrase what if phones but too much to describe a parody episode plot This became a common refrain for criticism encapsulating the paranoia pessimism or predictability of the programme 137 138 139 Some reviewers found that Black Mirror decreased in quality over time 137 Vulture critics categorised the show as hit and miss and worsening over time 140 LaToya Ferguson wrote in Paste that later series saw a creative downfall and increasing Americanisation with their lengthier episodes higher profile actors and more polished style not compensating for a decline in quality 141 End of decade lists Edit A number of publications named Black Mirror on their lists of the best television programmes of the 2010s 5th NME 142 6th Esquire 143 7th The Independent 144 15th Darren Franich of Entertainment Weekly 145 25th Consequence of Sound 146 57th The A V Club 147 80th Paste 148 Top 100 unranked IGN 149 Den of Geek included it as one of the 13 Best Sci Fi Fantasy and Horror Shows of the 2010s and though Vanity Fair did not include it in their top 10 it listed the episode White Bear as one of 15 honourable mentions 150 151 At the end of 2019 and 2020 a number of publications also created lists of the best television shows of the 21st century to date readers of Digital Spy voted that Black Mirror was 13th best The Guardian included it in 23rd place and Deadline Hollywood reported that it was one of the 21 most influential programmes 152 153 154 Accolades Edit Main article List of awards and nominations received by Black Mirror In November 2012 Black Mirror won Best TV Movie Miniseries at the International Emmy Awards 155 Bryce Dallas Howard received a Screen Actors Guild Award nomination for her performance in the episode Nosedive 156 At the 69th Primetime Emmy Awards Black Mirror received three nominations with two wins including Outstanding Television Movie for San Junipero 157 USS Callister received three Emmy Awards including Outstanding Television Movie and four Emmy nominations in 2018 158 159 Bandersnatch won two Emmys in 2019 including Outstanding Television Movie making it the third consecutive win for Black Mirror in that category 160 161 Cultural impact EditIn fiction Edit The series American Horror Story has been credited with repopularising the anthology format along with Black Mirror Along with American Horror Story 2011 Black Mirror has been credited with repopularising the anthology format which was rarely used in the 1990s and 2000s 162 163 164 Changing profit incentives from increased streaming television consumption has been attributed to this success 165 166 A 2019 reboot of The Twilight Zone the primary show to inspire Black Mirror can be seen as an example of this 167 168 169 It was described by the creator Jordan Peele as broader than Black Mirror in that its themes do not have to be technological and Sophie Gilbert of The Atlantic suggested that it may have avoided darker themes or explorations into human nature to avoid overlap 170 171 Other anthology series that were part of this phenomenon include Room 104 2017 2020 and Solos 2021 172 173 Additionally Adam White of The Independent stated that Black Mirror and Brooker s other works spawned an era of horror and fantasy that explores modern technology 167 Science fiction television that critics have compared to Black Mirror includes Humans 2015 2018 and Upload 2020 174 175 The anthology Electric Dreams was widely compared to Black Mirror 167 Reviewers found Electric Dreams to be less violent and more understated than Black Mirror but contain some similar plots For instance the episode Real Life is a story about virtual reality 162 176 The settings are further in the future and more allegorical 176 Another example is Inside No 9 2014 a British anthology series that critics saw as more comedic than Black Mirror and known for intricate plot twists 177 178 The creators Reece Shearsmith and Steve Pemberton have a larger role in the show than Brooker does in Black Mirror as they star in most episodes and direct some in addition to writing them 179 The serialised British dystopia Years and Years 2019 follows a family from 2019 to 2034 and drew many comparisons to Black Mirror in themes and its near future technology 167 180 The Verge s Liz Shannon Miller called it Black Mirror but with a full and beating heart 181 Simon Cellan Jones who directed the first four of six episodes saw it as less dystopian than Black Mirror and with less emphasis on technology 182 The science fiction film Friend of the World 2020 was arranged like a Black Mirror episode The creator Brian Patrick Butler said he wanted a sequence of stories with escalating tension to create a creepy and thought provoking experience 183 There was critical consensus that the anthology series Soulmates 2020 is inferior to Black Mirror 184 185 Its central conceit that a company can determine its customers perfect partner is similar to the series four episode Hang the DJ Soulmates was created by William Bridges a writer for two Black Mirror episodes and Georgina Campbell who has a starring role in Hang the DJ is a main character in one episode 186 The One a science fiction programme with the same premise was also seen as lesser than Black Mirror by critics 187 188 The romantic comedy Made for Love 2021 stars Cristin Milioti of series four episode USS Callister and its technological premise of a woman whose ex husband implanted a monitoring device in her body was compared to Black Mirror 189 190 Milioti saw both stories as about a woman trying to find herself 191 Comparisons to reality Edit Bryce Dallas Howard starred in Nosedive an episode whose social media ratings obsessed world has been compared to China s Social Credit System Brooker has often been described by commentators as prescient in his scripts for Black Mirror 167 In 2015 G Clay Whitaker of The Daily Beast called the show a Magic 8 Ball 192 The first episode The National Anthem features the UK prime minister blackmailed into having sexual intercourse with a pig Four years later the Daily Mail published allegations that the then prime minister David Cameron had placed a private part of his anatomy into the mouth of a dead pig as an initiation rite at university 193 194 Brooker later said that after hearing the news he did genuinely for a moment wonder if reality was a simulation whether it exists only to trick me 193 In The Waldo Moment a 2013 episode the animated cartoon Waldo places second in a UK by election The US presidency of the media personality Donald Trump 2017 2021 and the Ukrainian presidency of the comedian Volodymyr Zelenskyy 2019 were compared by journalists to the platform of Waldo 195 196 197 Brooker described Trump as an anti politics candidate who s raucous and defensive and offers nothing like Waldo 198 Adrian Karatnycky of Politico stated that as with Waldo Zelenskyy had few clear policy positions prior to his election 199 The 2016 episode Nosedive presents a society in which citizens rate interactions with each other from one to five stars and receive an overall rating that largely determines their socioeconomic status This has been compared to China s Social Credit System where local governments collect data on citizens to assign them an overall score 200 Example data points include publicly criticising the government defaulting on a loan or having high rated friends 201 202 Like the system in Nosedive a low score can limit a person s access to transport 203 204 Be Right Back shows an artificial intelligence technology designed to mimic a deceased loved one Chatbots with similar functionality and personalisation have been compared to this premise as has a 2022 announcement that a future Amazon Alexa feature will imitate voices of dead loved ones 205 Shut Up and Dance is about a man who is blackmailed after footage of him masturbating is recorded through his webcam Computer viruses can allow for covert recording through an unsuspecting person s webcam and similar real life blackmail has been reported 200 More minor facets of episodes have also been seen as prescient Ten days after Crocodile depicted a self driving pizza delivery truck Toyota and Pizza Hut presented plans for a driverless pizza delivery vehicle at the 2018 Consumer Electronics Show 206 207 Fifteen Million Merits features a talent show with a virtual animated audience based on Britain s Got Talent In 2020 due to the COVID 19 pandemic Britain s Got Talent had a virtual audience which had an aesthetic resembling that of Fifteen Million Merits 208 209 Other real life technologies have been described as progress towards those seen in Black Mirror such as the motion capture animation of Waldo in The Waldo Moment the augmented reality military system from Men Against Fire and the artificial bees in Hated in the Nation 194 200 Spin off media Edit A ZX Spectrum emulator game Nohzdyve was created as a tie in to Bandersnatch A number of Black Mirror tie in products have been released A Nosedive board game based on the episode of the same name was produced by Asmodee Released on 25 November 2018 the game requires between three and six players and is designed to last for roughly 45 minutes 210 The fictional game Nohzdyve which is featured in Bandersnatch and named after the episode Nosedive was created by Netflix for a ZX Spectrum emulator and released on a Bandersnatch tie in website 211 A 2017 museum exhibit at the Barbican Centre entitled Into the Unknown A Journey Through Science Fiction included an installation based on Fifteen Million Merits 212 A number of mock Tucker s Newsagent and Games storefronts designed after the fictional Bandersnatch shop of the same name were erected in Birmingham and London shortly after the film s release in 2018 213 214 Soundtracks Edit Soundtracks to 12 of the 23 instalments have been released on online streaming services Be Right Back White Bear White Christmas Nosedive San Junipero Men Against Fire Hated in the Nation USS Callister Arkangel Hang the DJ Black Museum and Smithereens 215 Brooker also released a 42 track Spotify playlist of songs that were either featured in San Junipero or planned for inclusion at some stage 216 The Hang the DJ soundtrack credited to Alex Somers and featuring Sigur Ros was additionally released on vinyl 217 The song On a Roll from Rachel Jack and Ashley Too is based on the Nine Inch Nails song Head Like a Hole It was released by the performer Miley Cyrus under her character s name Ashley O and went on to chart in multiple countries The B side Right Where I Belong was another Nine Inch Nails adaptation featured in the episode 218 219 Webisodes Edit External videoCzarne Lusterko 1 69 90 The Breakup The Sum of HappinessA series of webisodes titled Little Black Mirror Polish Czarne Lusterko was produced for Netflix Polska by Jacek Ambrosiewicz in collaboration with Polish YouTubers Released on 19 January 2018 the four shorts vary between eight and twenty one minutes in length 69 90 explores loneliness and gaming according to the creators Huyen Pham and Marcin Nguyen they discussed 20 different ideas before deciding on a computer simulation which is indistinguishable from real life The Breakup features Krzysztof Gonciarz and Kasia Mecinski it used realism and ordinary technology such as a Panasonic Lumix DC GH5 that emulates vlog aesthetics The Sum of Happiness was posted on Martin Stankiewicz s YouTube channel and focuses on a neurological implant and a relationship app previously explored Black Mirror topics 1 filmed by Groupa Filmowa Darwin and is about a violent piece of obstetrics technology 220 External videoStories From Our Future Cure for Loneliness Getting to Know You The Healthy AlternativeA second series of webisodes initially announced as Little Black Mirror but eventually renamed Stories From Our Future was directed for Netflix America Latina by American YouTuber Rudy Mancuso 221 222 Initially planned for release on Netflix America Latina s YouTube channel as part of promotion for the programme s fifth series the original trailer for the project was removed by Netflix The shorts were released on 10 June 2019 on YouTube channels of those involved 223 Cure for Loneliness was released on Mancuso s channel Getting to Know You was released on Lele Pons channel The Healthy Alternative was released on Juanpa Zurita s channel 224 Also featured in the series is Australian actor Maia Mitchell 223 Literature Edit In June 2018 the oral history companion book Inside Black Mirror was announced Brooker Jones and Jason Arnopp are the credited writers The book features sections on the 19 episodes in the first four series each consisting of conversational interviews from cast and crew along with stills and behind the scenes images 225 52 The book was released in the UK on 1 November 2018 and in the US on 20 November 2018 from Penguin Random House 226 227 Starburst rated the book ten out of ten stars praising its wonderfully comprehensive format and summarising it as blunt brittle often killingly funny and lavishly illustrated 228 In June 2017 Brooker announced a series of prose stories based on Black Mirror The first volume was to be published on 20 February 2018 and scheduled to be edited by Brooker two further volumes were planned for later in 2018 and in 2019 229 230 Planned writers included the science fiction authors Cory Doctorow Sylvain Neuvel and Catherine Webb under the pseudonym Claire North 231 The project was postponed indefinitely in 2018 as Brooker and Jones could not dedicate enough time to it with Brooker saying I m not sure when or if the series will appear Probably not 225 Black Mirror Labyrinth Edit In mid 2019 Thorpe Park Resort in Chertsey United Kingdom announced that it was to open a walkthrough maze the Black Mirror Labyrinth 232 The maze was scheduled to open in March 2020 233 234 but this was delayed because of the COVID 19 pandemic 235 It opened on 21 May 2021 and is themed around artificial intelligence The subject s name and a photo taken of them are used to personalise the maze 236 References Edit a b Ravindran Manori 16 May 2022 Black Mirror Returns New Series In the Works at Netflix EXCLUSIVE Variety Retrieved 16 May 2022 Netflix will bring viewers twelve new episodes of the critically acclaimed Black Mirror Netflix 24 September 2015 Archived from the original on 21 June 2018 Retrieved 8 November 2016 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Wikiquote Data from Wikidata Black Mirror at Netflix Black Mirror at IMDb Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Black Mirror amp oldid 1131825880, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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