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Asheville, North Carolina

January 26, 2023

"Asheville" redirects here. For other uses, see Asheville (disambiguation).

Asheville (/ˈæʃvɪl/ ASH-vil) is a city in, and the county seat of, Buncombe County, North Carolina.[7] Located at the confluence of the French Broad and Swannanoa rivers, it is the largest city in Western North Carolina, and the state's 11th-most populous city. According to the 2020 census, the city's population was 94,589,[8] up from 83,393 in the 2010 census.[9] It is the principal city in the four-county Asheville metropolitan area, which had a population of 424,858 in 2010, and of 469,015 in 2020.[4]

Asheville, North Carolina
City
Downtown Asheville
Flag
Seal
Logo
Nickname: 
"Land of the Sky"[1]
Motto(s): 
"Quality of Service, Quality of Life"
Location in Buncombe County and the state of North Carolina
Asheville
Location in North Carolina
Asheville
Location in the United States
Coordinates: 35°35′45″N 82°33′10″W / 35.59583°N 82.55278°W / 35.59583; -82.55278Coordinates: 35°35′45″N 82°33′10″W / 35.59583°N 82.55278°W / 35.59583; -82.55278
CountryUnited States
StateNorth Carolina
CountyBuncombe
Incorporated1797
Named forGovernor Samuel Ashe
Government
 • MayorEsther Manheimer
 • Council Members
Sheneika Smith,
Sandra Kilgore,
Antanette Mosley,
Kim Roney,
Sage Turner,
Gwen Wisler
Area
[2]
 • City45.86 sq mi (118.76 km2)
 • Land45.47 sq mi (117.77 km2)
 • Water0.39 sq mi (1.00 km2)  0.66%
Elevation
2,134 ft (650 m)
Population
 (2020)
 • City94,589
 • Rank11th in North Carolina
 • Density2,080.20/sq mi (803.18/km2)
 • Urban
285,776 (US: 141st)[3]
 • Urban density1,149.6/sq mi (443.9/km2)
 • Metro
[4]
469,015 (US: 120th)
DemonymAshevillan
Time zoneUTC−5 (Eastern)
 • Summer (DST)UTC−4 (EDT)
ZIP Codes
28801–28806, 28810, 28813–28816
Area code828
FIPS code37-02140[5]
GNIS feature ID1018864[6]
Websitewww.ashevillenc.gov

History

See also: Timeline of Asheville, North Carolina

Origins

Before the arrival of the Europeans, the land where Asheville now exists lay within the boundaries of the Cherokee Nation, which had homelands in modern western North and South Carolina, southeastern Tennessee, and northeastern Georgia.[10] A town at the site of the river confluence was recorded as Guaxule by Spanish explorer Hernando de Soto during his 1540 expedition through this area.[11][12] His expedition comprised the first European visitors,[11] who carried endemic Eurasian infectious diseases that killed many in the native population.[13]

The Cherokee had traditionally used the area by the confluence for open hunting and meeting grounds. They called it Untokiasdiyi (in Cherokee), meaning "Where they race", until the middle of the 19th century.[14][15]

European Americans began to settle in the area of Asheville in 1784, after the United States gained independence in the American Revolutionary War. In that year, Colonel Samuel Davidson and his family settled in the Swannanoa Valley, redeeming a soldier's land grant from the state of North Carolina made in lieu of pay. Soon after building a log cabin at the bank of Christian Creek, Davidson was lured into the woods and killed by a band of Cherokee hunters resisting white encroachment. Davidson's wife, child, and female slave fled on foot overnight to Davidson's Fort (named after Davidson's father General John Davidson) 16 miles away.[16]

In response to the killing, Davidson's twin brother Major William Davidson and brother-in-law Colonel Daniel Smith formed an expedition to retrieve Samuel Davidson's body and avenge his murder. Months after the expedition, Major Davidson and other members of his extended family returned to the area and settled at the mouth of Bee Tree Creek.[17]

The U.S. Census of 1790 counted 1,000 residents of the area, excluding the Cherokee Native Americans as a separate nation. Buncombe County was officially formed in 1792. In the 1800 US Census, some 107 settlers in the county were slaveholders, owning a total of 300 enslaved African Americans. Total county population was 5,812.[18]

The county seat, named "Morristown" in 1793, was established on a plateau where two old Indian trails crossed. In 1797, Morristown was incorporated and renamed "Asheville" after North Carolina Governor Samuel Ashe.[19][20]

In the 1800s, James McDowell established land for burial of slaves belonging to his and the Smith families in Asheville. His son William Wallace McDowell continued this practice, setting aside about two acres of land for this purpose.

Civil War

 
Asheville, 1854

On the eve of the Civil War, James W. Patton, son of an Irish immigrant, was the largest slaveholder in the county, and had built a luxurious mansion, known as The Henrietta, in Asheville.[18] Buncombe County had the largest number of prominent slaveholders in Western North Carolina, many in the professional class based in Asheville, numbering a total of 293 countywide in 1863.[18]

Asheville, with a population of about 2,500 by 1861, remained relatively untouched by battles of the Civil War. The city contributed a number of companies to the Confederate States Army, as well as a number for the Union Army. For a time, an Enfield rifle manufacturing facility was located in the town.

The war did not reach Asheville until early April 1865, when the "Battle of Asheville" was fought at the present-day site of the University of North Carolina at Asheville. Union forces withdrew to Tennessee, which they had occupied since 1862. They had encountered resistance in Asheville from a small group of Confederate senior and junior reserves, and recuperating Confederate soldiers in prepared trench lines across the Buncombe Turnpike. The Union force had been ordered to take Asheville only if they could accomplish it without significant losses.[21][22]

An engagement was fought later that month at Swannanoa Gap, as part of the larger Stoneman's Raid throughout western North Carolina, Virginia and Tennessee. Union forces retreated in the face of resistance from Brig. Gen. Martin, commander of Confederate troops in western North Carolina. Later, Union forces returned to the area via Howard's Gap and Henderson County.[23] In late April 1865, North Carolina Union troops from the 3rd North Carolina Mounted Infantry, under the overall command of Union Gen. George Stoneman, captured Asheville.[24] After a negotiated departure, the 2,700 troops left town, accompanied by "hundreds of freed slaves."[18]

The slave George Avery was among 40 slaves known to have traveled with the troops to Tennessee. There he enlisted in the US Colored Troops. He returned to Asheville after being formally discharged in 1866. After the war, he was hired by his former master William W. McDowell to manage the South Asheville Cemetery, a public place for black burials. This is the oldest and largest black public cemetery in the state. By 1943, when the last burial was conducted, it held remains of an estimated 2,000 people.

Later, the federal troops returned and plundered Asheville, burning a number of Confederate supporters' homes in Asheville.[25]

1880s

 
Downtown Asheville, 1888

On October 2, 1880, the Western North Carolina Railroad completed its line from Salisbury to Asheville, the first rail line to reach the city. Almost immediately it was sold and resold to the Richmond and Danville Railroad Company, becoming part of the Southern Railway in 1894.[26] With the completion of the first railway, Asheville developed with steady growth as industrial plants increased in number and size, and new residents built homes.[27] Textile mills were built to process cotton from the region, and other plants were set up to manufacture wood and mica products, foodstuffs, and other commodities.[28]

The 21-mile (34 km) distance between Hendersonville and Asheville of the former Asheville and Spartanburg Railroad was completed in 1886.[29] By that point, the line was operated as part of the Richmond and Danville Railroad until 1894 and controlled by the Southern Railway afterward.[30] Following major changes in the industry because of the competition from automobiles, railroad restructuring resulted in Asheville's final passenger train, a coach-only remnant of the Southern Railway's Carolina Special, making its last run on December 5, 1968.

Asheville had the first electric street railway lines in the state of North Carolina, the first of which opened in 1889. These were replaced by buses in 1934.[31]

 
Asheville City Hall, designed by Douglas Ellington, in the Art Deco style of the 1920s

1900s

In 1900, Asheville was the third-largest city in the state, behind Wilmington and Charlotte.[32] Asheville prospered in the decades of the 1910s and 1920s.[33][34] During these years, Rutherford P. Hayes, son of President Rutherford B. Hayes, bought land, and worked with the prominent African-American businessman Edward W. Pearson, Sr. to develop his land for residential housing known as the African-American Burton Street Community.[35] Hayes also worked to establish a sanitary district in West Asheville, which became an incorporated town in 1913, and merged with Asheville in 1917.[36]

The Asheville Masonic Temple was constructed in 1913, under the direction of famed architect Richard Sharp Smith, a Freemason. It was the meeting place for local Masons through much of the 20th century.[37]

On July 15–16, 1916, the Asheville area was subject to severe flooding from the remnants of a tropical storm which caused more than $3 million in damage. Areas flooded included part of the Biltmore Estate, and the company that ran it sold some of the property to lower their maintenance costs. This area was later developed as an independent jurisdiction known as Biltmore Forest, which is now one of the wealthiest in the country.

The Great Depression hit Asheville quite hard. On November 20, 1930, eight local banks failed.[38] Only Wachovia remained open with infusions of cash from Winston-Salem.[39] Because of the explosive growth of the previous decades, the per capita debt owed by the city (through municipal bonds) was the highest in the nation.[40] By 1929, both the city and Buncombe County had incurred over $56 million in bonded debt to pay for a wide range of municipal and infrastructure improvements, including City Hall, the water system, Beaucatcher Tunnel, and Asheville High School. Rather than default, the city paid those debts over a period of fifty years.[41]

From the start of the depression through the 1980s, economic growth in Asheville was slow. During this time of financial stagnation, most of the buildings in the downtown district remained unaltered. As a result, Asheville has one of the most impressive, comprehensive collections of Art Deco architecture in the United States.[42][43]

 
Asheville Masonic Temple Scottish Rite Cathedral

In 1959, the city council would purchase property partially located in neighboring Henderson County for the development of Asheville Regional Airport. The North Carolina General Assembly would pass a bill that would to redesign the boundaries of Buncombe and Henderson to include the proposed airport property entirely in Buncombe, allowing Asheville to annex the complete site.[44]

From the 1950s to the 1970s, urban renewal displaced much of Asheville's African-American population.[45] Asheville's neighborhoods of Montford and Kenilworth, now mostly white, used to have a majority of black home owners.[46] Since the late 20th century, there has been an effort to maintain and preserve the South Asheville Cemetery, in the Kenilworth neighborhood. It is the largest public black cemetery in the state, holding about 2000 burials, dating from the early 1800s and slavery years, to 1943. Fewer than 100 of the graves are marked by tombstones.

2000s to present

In 2003, Centennial Olympic Park bomber Eric Robert Rudolph was transported to Asheville from Murphy, North Carolina, for arraignment in federal court.[47][48]

In September 2004, remnants of Hurricanes Frances and Ivan caused major flooding in Asheville, particularly at Biltmore Village.[49][50] In 2006, the Asheville Zombie Walk was organized for the first time, starting a tradition that lasted until 2016.[51]

In July 2020, the Asheville City Council voted to provide reparations to Black residents for the city's "historic role in slavery, discrimination and denial of basic liberties". The resolution was unanimously passed, and Asheville committed to "make investments in areas where Black residents face disparities".[52] Also in 2020, efforts were made to remove or change several monuments in the city that celebrated the Confederate States of America or slave owners. Attorney Sean Devereux proposed renaming Asheville in honor of Arthur Ashe, whose ancestors were owned by Samuel Ashe, for whom the city was named.[53][54] In June 2021, Asheville Mayor Esther Manheimer was one of 11 U.S. mayors to form Mayors Organized for Reparations and Equity (MORE), a coalition of municipal leaders dedicated to starting pilot reparations programs in their cities.[55]

Geography

 
Interactive map of Asheville city limits

Asheville is located in the Blue Ridge Mountains at the confluence of the Swannanoa River and the French Broad River. According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 45.3 square miles (117.2 km2), of which 44.9 square miles (116.4 km2) is land and 0.31 square miles (0.8 km2), or 0.66%, is water.[8]

Asheville is 68.44 miles west of Hickory, North Carolina, 99.51 northwest of Charlotte, and 133.84 miles southwest of Winston-Salem.

Climate

Asheville features a climate that borders between a humid subtropical climate (Köppen Cfa/Trewartha Do) and an oceanic climate (Koppen Cfb) with noticeably cooler temperatures than the rest of the Piedmont region of the Southeast due to the higher elevation; it is part of USDA Hardiness zone 7a.[56] The area's summers in particular, though warm, are not as hot as summers in cities farther east in the state, as the July daily average temperature is 73.8 °F (23.2 °C) and there is an average of only 9.4 afternoons with 90 °F (32.2 °C)+ highs annually;[a] The last time a calendar year passed without a single 90 °F (32.2 °C) reading was as recent as 2009. Moreover, warm mornings where the low remains at or above 70 °F or 21.1 °C are much less common than 90 °F or 32.2 °C afternoons. Winters are cool, with a January daily average of 37.1 °F (2.8 °C) and highs remaining at or below freezing on 5.5 afternoons.[57]

Official record temperatures range from −16 °F (−26.7 °C) on January 21, 1985 to 100 °F (37.8 °C) on August 21, 1983;[58] the record cold daily maximum is 4 °F or −15.6 °C on February 4, 1895, while, conversely, the record warm daily minimum is 77 °F or 25 °C on July 17, 1887.[57] Readings as low as 0 °F (−17.8 °C) or as high as 95 °F (35 °C) rarely occur, the last occurrences being January 7, 2014 and July 1, 2012, respectively.[57] The average window for freezing temperatures is October 17 to April 18, allowing a growing season of 181 days.[57]

Asheville is located in the Appalachian temperate rainforest and precipitation is relatively well spread, though the summer months are slightly wetter, and averages 49.6 inches (1,260 mm) annually, but has historically ranged from 22.79 in (579 mm) in 1925 to 79.48 in (2,019 mm) in 2018.[59] Snowfall is sporadic, averaging 10.3 inches or 0.26 metres per winter season, but actual seasonal accumulation varies considerably from one winter to the next; accumulation has ranged from trace amounts in 2011–12 to 48.2 inches or 1.2 metres in 1968–69.[57] Freezing rain often occurs, accompanied by significant disruption. Hail is not uncommon during the spring and summer, accompanied by intense severe thunderstorms but the number of days with thunderstorms varies dramatically from year to year ranging from as low as 15 days in 2008 to as much as 44 in 2018.[60]

Climate data for Asheville Regional Airport, North Carolina (1991–2020 normals,[b] extremes 1869–present)[c]
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Record high °F (°C) 80
(27) 		80
(27) 		87
(31) 		90
(32) 		93
(34) 		98
(37) 		99
(37) 		100
(38) 		95
(35) 		91
(33) 		83
(28) 		81
(27) 		100
(38)
Mean maximum °F (°C) 67.0
(19.4) 		69.3
(20.7) 		76.7
(24.8) 		82.5
(28.1) 		86.2
(30.1) 		89.4
(31.9) 		91.0
(32.8) 		90.1
(32.3) 		86.9
(30.5) 		81.3
(27.4) 		73.8
(23.2) 		66.9
(19.4) 		92.0
(33.3)
Average high °F (°C) 48.9
(9.4) 		52.9
(11.6) 		59.8
(15.4) 		69.4
(20.8) 		76.3
(24.6) 		82.5
(28.1) 		85.3
(29.6) 		84.0
(28.9) 		78.7
(25.9) 		69.6
(20.9) 		59.5
(15.3) 		51.5
(10.8) 		68.2
(20.1)
Daily mean °F (°C) 38.7
(3.7) 		42.1
(5.6) 		48.4
(9.1) 		57.0
(13.9) 		64.8
(18.2) 		71.8
(22.1) 		75.1
(23.9) 		74.0
(23.3) 		68.3
(20.2) 		57.9
(14.4) 		47.8
(8.8) 		41.4
(5.2) 		57.3
(14.1)
Average low °F (°C) 28.6
(−1.9) 		31.2
(−0.4) 		37.0
(2.8) 		44.6
(7.0) 		53.2
(11.8) 		61.1
(16.2) 		64.9
(18.3) 		64.0
(17.8) 		57.9
(14.4) 		46.2
(7.9) 		36.1
(2.3) 		31.3
(−0.4) 		46.3
(7.9)
Mean minimum °F (°C) 9.9
(−12.3) 		15.5
(−9.2) 		20.3
(−6.5) 		29.3
(−1.5) 		37.7
(3.2) 		49.4
(9.7) 		56.5
(13.6) 		54.5
(12.5) 		44.2
(6.8) 		30.0
(−1.1) 		21.6
(−5.8) 		16.3
(−8.7) 		7.6
(−13.6)
Record low °F (°C) −16
(−27) 		−9
(−23) 		2
(−17) 		20
(−7) 		28
(−2) 		35
(2) 		44
(7) 		42
(6) 		30
(−1) 		20
(−7) 		1
(−17) 		−7
(−22) 		−16
(−27)
Average precipitation inches (mm) 4.13
(105) 		3.46
(88) 		3.80
(97) 		4.17
(106) 		4.13
(105) 		4.79
(122) 		4.67
(119) 		5.04
(128) 		4.13
(105) 		3.37
(86) 		3.72
(94) 		4.18
(106) 		49.59
(1,260)
Average snowfall inches (cm) 3.6
(9.1) 		1.9
(4.8) 		1.9
(4.8) 		0.2
(0.51) 		0.0
(0.0) 		0.0
(0.0) 		0.0
(0.0) 		0.0
(0.0) 		0.0
(0.0) 		0.0
(0.0) 		0.2
(0.51) 		2.5
(6.4) 		10.3
(26)
Average precipitation days (≥ 0.01 in) 10.5 9.8 11.9 10.6 11.5 13.4 13.9 13.1 9.2 7.8 8.8 10.0 130.5
Average snowy days (≥ 0.1 in) 1.6 1.5 1.0 0.2 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.2 1.1 5.6
Average relative humidity (%) 72.6 69.8 68.4 66.2 75.3 78.6 81.6 83.5 84.1 78.4 74.8 74.1 75.6
Mean monthly sunshine hours 175.9 181.2 223.5 252.3 264.1 267.0 257.5 227.8 207.5 219.6 178.8 167.2 2,622.4
Percent possible sunshine 56 59 60 64 61 61 58 55 56 63 58 55 59
Source: NOAA[57][61][62]

Neighborhoods

  • North – includes the neighborhoods of Albemarle Park, Beaverdam, Chestnut Hills, Colonial Heights, Five Points, Grove Park, Hillcrest, Kimberly, Klondyke, Montford, and Norwood Park. Chestnut Hill, Grove Park, Lakeview Park, Montford, and Norwood Park neighborhoods are listed in the National Register of Historic Places. Montford and Albemarle Park have been named local historic districts by the Asheville City Council.
  • East – includes the neighborhoods of Kenilworth, Beverly Hills, Chunn's Cove, Haw Creek, Oakley, Oteen, Reynolds, Riceville, and Town Mountain.
  • West – includes the neighborhoods of Camelot, Wilshire Park, Bear Creek, Deaverview Park, Emma, Hi-Alta Park, Lucerne Park, Malvern Hills, Sulphur Springs, Burton Street, Haywood Road, and Pisgah View.
  • South – includes the neighborhoods of Ballantree, Biltmore Village, Biltmore Park, Oak Forest, Royal Pines, Shiloh, and Skyland. Biltmore Village has been named a local historic district by the Asheville City Council.[63]

Architecture

Notable architecture in Asheville includes its Art Deco Asheville City Hall, and other unique buildings in the downtown area, such as the Battery Park Hotel, the original of which was 475 feet long with numerous dormers and chimneys; the Neo-Gothic Jackson Building, the first skyscraper on Pack Square; Grove Arcade, one of America's first indoor shopping malls;[64] and the Basilica of St. Lawrence. The S&W Cafeteria Building is also a fine example of Art Deco architecture in Asheville.[65] The Grove Park Inn is an important example of architecture and design of the Arts and Crafts movement.

Asheville's recovery from the Depression was slow and arduous. Because of the financial stagnation, there was little new construction and much of the downtown district remained unaltered.[66]

The Montford Area Historic District and other central areas are considered historic districts and include Victorian houses. Biltmore Village, located at the entrance to the famous estate, showcases unique architectural features. It was here that workers stayed during the construction of George Vanderbilt's estate.[67] The YMI Cultural Center, founded in 1892 by George Vanderbilt in the heart of downtown, is one of the nation's oldest African-American cultural centers.[68][69]

Metropolitan area

Asheville is the largest city in the Asheville Metropolitan Statistical Area, which includes Buncombe, Haywood, Henderson, and Madison counties, with a combined 2014 population of 442,316, as estimated by the Census Bureau.[70]

Demographics

Historical population
Census Pop. %±
180038—
1860502—
18701,400178.9%
18802,61686.9%
189010,235291.2%
190014,69443.6%
191018,76227.7%
192028,50451.9%
193050,19376.1%
194051,3102.2%
195053,0003.3%
196060,19213.6%
197057,929−3.8%
198054,022−6.7%
199061,60714.0%
200068,88911.8%
201083,39321.1%
202094,58913.4%
2021 (est.)94,067[71]−0.6%
U.S. Decennial Census[72]
 
Location of the Asheville-Brevard CSA and its components:
  Asheville Metropolitan Statistical Area
  Brevard Micropolitan Statistical Area

Asheville is the larger principal city of the Asheville-Brevard CSA, a Combined Statistical Area that includes the Asheville metropolitan area (Buncombe, Haywood, Henderson, and Madison counties) and the Brevard micropolitan area (Transylvania County),[73][74][75] which had a combined population of 398,505 at the 2000 census.

2020 census

Asheville racial composition[76]
Race Number Percentage
White (non-Hispanic) 70,252 74.27%
Black or African American (non-Hispanic) 9,752 10.31%
Native American 200 0.21%
Asian 1,504 1.59%
Pacific Islander 255 0.27%
Other/mixed 4,969 5.25%
Hispanic or Latino 7,657 8.1%

As of the 2020 United States census, there were 94,589 people, 40,340 households, and 18,902 families residing in the city.

2000 census

At the 2000 census,[5] there were 68,889 people, 30,690 households and 16,726 families residing in the city. The population density was 1,683.4 per square mile (650.0/km2). There were 33,567 housing units at an average density of 820.3 per square mile (316.7/km2). The racial composition of the city was: 77.95% White, 17.61% Black or African American, 3.76% Hispanic or Latino American, 0.92% Asian American, 0.35% Native American, 0.06% Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander, 1.53% some other race, and 1.58% two or more races.

There were 30,690 households, of which 22.2% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 38.1% were married couples living together, 13.0% had a female householder with no husband present, and 45.5% were non-families. 36.8% of all households were made up of individuals, and 13.8% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.14 and the average family size was 2.81.

Age distribution was 19.6% under the age of 18, 10.3% from 18 to 24, 28.7% from 25 to 44, 23.1% from 45 to 64, and 18.3% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 39 years. For every 100 females, there were 87.8 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 84.9 males.

The median household income was $32,772, and the median family income was $44,029. Males had a median income of $30,463, and $23,488 for females. The per capita income for the city was $20,024. About 13% of families and 19% of the population were below the poverty line, including 24.9% of those under age 18 and 10.1% of those age 65 or over.

Religion

There are a number of Baptist churches, Roman Catholic, Methodist, Lutheran, Presbyterian, and Churches of Christ, as well as a few non-Christian places of worship, such as Urban Dharma, a Tibetan Buddhist center of the Drikung Kagyu school.[77] Asheville is the headquarters of the Episcopal Diocese of Western North Carolina, which is seated at the Cathedral of All Souls. Asheville is an important city for North Carolinian Catholics, who make pilgrimages to the Basilica of St. Lawrence.[78] There are several historical churches located throughout the city, including the First Baptist Church of Asheville.

Asheville is also home to a number of atheist, humanist, and ethical culture organizations.[79]

Economy

 
The Merrill Lynch building in downtown Asheville, designed by I.M. Pei
 
The Jackson Building, the first skyscraper in Asheville

Major corporations headquartered in the Asheville area include HomeTrust Bancshares, Ingles, Earth Fare, The Biltmore Company, Moog Music and the eastern headquarters for Sierra Nevada Brewing Company and New Belgium Brewing Company.

Largest employers

According to the city's 2009 Comprehensive Annual Financial Report,[80] the largest employers in the city are:

# Employer # of employees
1 Mission Health System 3,000+
2 Buncombe County Schools System 3,000+
3 Ingles Markets, Inc. 3,000+
4 The Biltmore Company 2,000+
5 State of North Carolina 1,000+
6 Buncombe County 1,000+
7 Asheville VA Medical Center 1,000+
8 City of Asheville 1,000+
9 Wal-Mart 1,000+
10 Asheville–Buncombe Technical Community College 1,000+
11 Eaton 1,000+
12 Grove Park Inn 500–999
13 Asheville City Schools 500–999
14 Community CarePartners 500–999
15 United States Postal Service 500–999
16 BorgWarner Turbo Systems 500–999
17 Thermo Fisher Scientific 500–999
18 Arvato Digital Services 500–999
19 Employment Control 500–999
20 Volvo Construction Equipment (now closed) 500–999

Sustainability and environmental initiatives

The city of Asheville is home to a Duke Energy Progress coal power plant near Lake Julian. This power plant is designated as having Coal Combustion Residue Surface Impoundments with a High Hazard Potential by the EPA.[81] In 2012 a Duke University study found high levels of arsenic and other toxins in North Carolina lakes and rivers downstream from the Asheville power plants coal ash ponds. Samples collected from coal ash waste flowing from the ponds at the Duke Energy Progress plant to the French Broad River in Buncombe County contained arsenic levels more than four times higher than the EPA drinking water standard, and levels of selenium 17 times higher than the agency's standard for aquatic life.[82] In March 2013 the State of North Carolina sued Duke Energy Progress in order to address similar environmental compliance issues. In July 2013 Duke Energy Corp. and North Carolina environmental regulators proposed a settlement in the lawsuit that stated coal ash threatened Asheville's water supply. The settlement called for Duke to assess the sources and extent of contamination at the Riverbend power plant in Asheville. Duke was to be fined $99,100.[83] However, following the coal ash spill in Eden, NC, the North Carolina DENR cancelled all previous settlements with Duke Energy.[84]

The city of Asheville claims a clear focus on sustainability and the development of a green economy. For Asheville, this goal is defined in their Sustainability Management Plan as: "Making decisions that balance the values of environmental stewardship, social responsibility and economic vitality to meet our present needs without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their needs."[85] As part of the Zero Waste AVL initiative, which began in 2012, each resident receives "Big Blue," a rolling cart in which they can put all of their materials unsorted. Residents can recycle a great variety of materials and "in this first year of the program 6.30% of waste was diverted from the landfill for recycling."[86]

The Asheville City Council's goal is to reduce the overall carbon footprint 80% by 2030. This means 4% or more reduction per year.[87] In 2009 the reduction was made when the "City installed over 3,000 LED street lights, managed its water system under ISO 14001 standards for environmental management, improved the infrastructure and management of many of its buildings, and switched many employees to a 4-day work week (which saves emissions from commuting)."[85] Asheville is recognized by the Green Restaurant Association as the first city in the U.S. to be a Green Dining Destination (significant density of green restaurants).[88]

Arts and culture

 
J. Rush Oates Plaza
 
Fountain in Pack Square

Music

Live music is a significant element in the tourism-based economy of Asheville and the surrounding area. Seasonal festivals and numerous nightclubs and performance venues offer opportunities for visitors and locals to attend a wide variety of live entertainment events.[89]

Asheville has a strong tradition of street performance and outdoor music, including festivals, such as Bele Chere and the Lexington Avenue Arts & Fun Festival (LAAFF). One event is "Shindig on the Green," which happens Saturday nights during July and August on City/County Plaza. By tradition, the Shindig starts "along about sundown" and features local bluegrass bands and dance teams on stage, and informal jam sessions under the trees surrounding the County Courthouse. The "Mountain Dance & Folk Festival" started in 1928 by Bascom Lamar Lunsford is said to be the first event ever labeled a "folk festival". Another popular outdoor music event is "Downtown After 5," a monthly concert series held from 5 pm until 9 pm that hosts popular touring musicians as well as local acts. A regular drum circle, organized by residents in Pritchard Park, is open to all and has been a popular local activity every Friday evening.

Asheville is also home of the Moog Music Headquarters[90] and the museum of the Bob Moog Foundation.[91]

Asheville plays host to The Warren Haynes Christmas Jam, an annual charity event which raises money for Habitat For Humanity, and features notable musicians.[92] DJ music, as well as a small, but active, dance community are also components of the downtown musical landscape. The town is also home to the Asheville Symphony Orchestra, the Asheville Lyric Opera, the Land of the Sky Symphonic Band, the Asheville Jazz Orchestra, the Smoky Mountain Brass Band, and the Asheville Community Band. There are a number of bluegrass, country, and traditional mountain musicians in the Asheville area. A residency at local music establishment the Orange Peel by the Smashing Pumpkins in 2007, along with the Beastie Boys in 2009, brought national attention to Asheville.[93] The rock band Band of Horses have recorded two albums at Echo Mountain Studios in Asheville, as have the Avett Brothers (who have also traditionally played a New Year's Eve concert in Asheville). Christian vocal group the Kingsmen originated in Asheville.[94]

Performing arts

 
Sculpture in Downtown Asheville of a girl drinking from a fountain shaped like a horse

The Asheville Community Theatre was founded in 1946, producing the first amateur production of the Appalachian drama Dark of the Moon.[95] Soon after, the young actors Charlton Heston and wife Lydia Clarke took over the small theatre.[96] The current ACT building has two performance spaces – the Mainstage Auditorium (and named the Heston Auditorium), and the more intimate black box performance space 35below.[97]

The Asheville Lyric Opera celebrated its tenth anniversary in 2009 with a concert featuring Angela Brown, David Malis, and Tonio Di Paolo, veterans of the Metropolitan Opera.[98] The ALO has typically performed three fully staged professional operas for the community in addition to its vibrant educational program.

The Fringe Arts Festival features alternative performances.[99]

Visual arts

Film and television

The Asheville Film Festival completed its sixth year, but the City of Asheville ceased to fund it, putting its future in doubt. The city is an annual participant in the 48-Hour Film Project.[103]

The Twin Rivers Media Festival is an independent multi-media film festival held annually in downtown Asheville.[104][105] The festival held its 20th annual event in May 2013.[106]

 
Thomas Wolfe House in downtown Asheville
 
The Biltmore House on Biltmore Estate, the largest private residence in the United States
 
The Arras, formerly the BB&T Building

Places of worship

Places of worship in Asheville include the Roman Catholic Basilica of St. Lawrence, the Episcopal Cathedral of All Souls and St. Luke's Church, and the Jewish Congregation Beth Israel.

Restaurants

Asheville was the first U.S. city recognized by the Green Restaurant Association as a Green Dining Destination (significant density of green restaurants).[88]

Notable local restaurants include Plant, an upscale vegan restaurant, and Tupelo Honey Cafe.

Points of interest

Sports

Current teams

Previous teams

Other sports

Area colleges and universities, such as the University of North Carolina at Asheville, compete in sports. UNCA's sports teams are known as the Bulldogs and play in the Big South Conference. The Fighting Owls of Warren Wilson College participate in mountain biking and ultimate sports teams. The college is also home of the Hooter Dome, where the Owls play their home basketball games. The Blue Ridge Rollergirls, Asheville's first women's flat-track roller derby team, was established in 2006.[107]

Parks and recreation

Asheville is a major hub of whitewater recreation, particularly whitewater kayaking, in the eastern US. Many kayak manufacturers have their bases of operation in the Asheville area.[108] Some of the most distinguished whitewater kayakers live in or around Asheville.[109] In its July/August 2006 journal, the group American Whitewater named Asheville one of the top five US whitewater cities.[109]

Asheville is also home to numerous disc golf courses.

Soccer is another popular recreational sport in Asheville. There are two youth soccer clubs in Asheville, Asheville Shield Football Club[110] and HFC.

The Asheville Hockey League provides opportunities for youth and adult inline hockey at an outdoor rink at Carrier Park. The rink is open to the public, and pick-up hockey is also available. The Asheville Civic Center has held recreational ice hockey leagues in the past.

Government

Local government

The City of Asheville operates under a council-manager form of government, via its charter. A mayor and a six-member city council are elected at-large for staggered four-year terms. The city council appoints a city manager, a city attorney, and a city clerk.[111] The City Council appoints a vice-mayor from among its members. In the absence or disability of the mayor, the vice-mayor performs the mayoral duties. City Council determines the needs to be addressed and the degree of service to be provided by the administrative branch of city government.

In 2005 Mayor Charles Worley signed the U.S. Conference of Mayors Climate Protection Agreement and in 2006 the City Council created the Sustainable Advisory Committee on Energy and the Environment. In 2007 the Council became the first city on the East Coast to commit to building all municipal buildings to LEED Gold Standards and to achieve 80 percent energy reduction of 2001 standards by 2040. Also in 2007 the Council signed an agreement with Warren Wilson College stating the intent of the city and college to work together toward climate partnership goals.[112]

Following President Donald Trump's decision to remove the United States from the Paris Agreement, Mayor Esther Manheimer was one of the original 61 mayors to commit to uphold the agreement in the city.[113]

On July 14, 2020, the Asheville City Council voted unanimously to approve reparations to the city's Black citizens. The move came during the 2020 George Floyd protests. The resolution called for increased investment in Black communities in the city. The Buncombe County Board of Commissioners soon followed the adoption of the measure.[114] The protest also started a move to remove and replace the Vance Monument in the city; that decision is still underway.

Current city council members

  • Mayor: Esther Manheimer
  • Vice-Mayor: Sheneika Smith
  • Council: S. Antanette Mosley[115]
  • Council: Sandra Kilgore
  • Council: Kim Roney
  • Council: Sage Turner
  • Council: Gwen Wisler
See also: List of mayors of Asheville, North Carolina

Controversy

In 2009, a group of Asheville citizens challenged the legitimacy of Cecil Bothwell's election to the City Council,[116] citing the Constitution of North Carolina, which does not permit atheists to hold public office.[117] Bothwell has described himself as a "post theist" rather than an atheist,[118] and is a member of a local Unitarian Universalist congregation. The opponents to his election never filed suit. In response to the charge, legal scholars explained that the U.S. Supreme Court held in Torcaso v. Watkins that religious tests for political office are unconstitutional.[119]

Bothwell served his four-year council term and was re-elected in 2013.[120] He was defeated in the primary when he ran for a third term in 2017.[121]

While the city council elections are non-partisan, party politics may enter into play, as Republican and Democratic party members back their registered members' candidacy. An effort by the council to return to partisan elections was defeated by voters in a referendum held in November 2007.[122]

State government

In the North Carolina Senate, Julie Mayfield (D-Asheville) and Chuck Edwards (R-Hendersonville) both represent parts of Buncombe County. Mayfield represents most of the city of Asheville. Edwards represents a small portion of the southern part of Asheville.[123]

In the North Carolina House of Representatives, Caleb Rudow (D-Asheville), John Ager (D-Asheville), and Brian Turner (D-Asheville) all represent parts of the county.[124] All three of them represent parts of the city, although the majority of it is in Fisher's district.

Federal government

In the 2012 presidential election, Barack Obama won the entirety of Buncombe County with 55% of the vote. Obama visited the city on a few occasions.[125] In April 2010, he and his family vacationed in the city; it was the first time he had visited since October 5, 2008.[126]

In the United States presidential election of 2016, Hillary Clinton won 54% of the vote in Buncombe County and Donald Trump 40%, according to the North Carolina State Board of Elections. In 2020, Joe Biden won 59.74% of the vote in Buncombe County and Donald Trump 38.63%.

North Carolina is represented in the United States Senate by Thom Tillis (R-Huntersville) and Ted Budd (R-Advance). The city of Asheville is located in North Carolina's 11th congressional district, which is currently represented by Chuck Edwards (R-Flat Rock).

Education

 
Asheville High School, designed by Douglas Ellington

Students (K-12) are assigned to one of two public school systems in the city of Asheville, Buncombe County Schools or Asheville City Schools, based on address.

Public Asheville City Schools include Asheville High School (known as Lee H Edwards High School 1935–1969), School of Inquiry and Life Sciences at Asheville, Asheville Middle School, Claxton Elementary, Randolph Learning Center, Hall Fletcher Elementary, Isaac Dickson Elementary, Ira B. Jones Elementary, and Vance Elementary.

The Buncombe County Schools System operates high schools, middle schools and elementary schools both inside and outside the city of Asheville. North Buncombe High School, T. C. Roberson High School and A. C. Reynolds High School are three Buncombe County schools located in Asheville.[127]

Asheville was formerly home to one of the few Sudbury schools in the Southeast, Katuah Sudbury School. It is also home to several charter schools, including Francine Delany New School for Children (one of the first charter schools in North Carolina), ArtSpace Charter School, Invest Collegiate Imagine, and Evergreen Community Charter School, an Outward Bound-Expeditionary Learning School, recognized as one of the most environmentally conscious schools in the country.[128]

Two private residential high schools are located in the Asheville area: the all-male Christ School (located in Arden) and the co-educational Asheville School. Other private schools include Carolina Day School, Veritas Christian Academy, Asheville Catholic School,[129] and Asheville Christian Academy.

Colleges

Asheville and its surrounding area have several institutions of higher education:

Media

See also: List of newspapers in North Carolina, List of radio stations in North Carolina, and List of television stations in North Carolina

Asheville is in the "Greenville-Spartanburg-Asheville-Anderson" television DMA and the "Asheville" radio ADI for the city's radio stations.[130]

The primary television station in Asheville is ABC affiliate WLOS-TV Channel 13, with studios in Biltmore Park and a transmitter on Mount Pisgah. Other stations licensed to Asheville include WUNF, a PBS (UNC-TV) station on Channel 33 and The CW affiliate WYCW on Channel 62. Asheville is also served by the Upstate South Carolina stations of WYFF Channel 4 (NBC), WSPA-TV Channel 7 (CBS), WHNS-TV Channel 21 (FOX), MyNetworkTV station WMYA Channel 40 and 3ABN station Channel 41. SCETV PBS affiliates from the Upstate of South Carolina are generally not carried on cable systems in the North Carolina portion of the DMA, though are accessible via an HD antennae in some areas.

The Asheville Citizen-Times is Asheville's daily newspaper, which covers most of Western North Carolina. The Mountain Xpress is the largest weekly in the area, covering arts and politics in the region. The Asheville Daily Planet is a monthly paper.

The Biltmore Beacon is a weekly newspaper specifically written to be of interest to residents and businesses in the various Biltmore communities including Biltmore Forest, Biltmore Park, Biltmore Lake, and Biltmore Village.

WCQS: Blue Ridge Public Radio is Asheville's public radio station. It airs National Public Radio news and other programs, classical and jazz music. WYQS (BPR News) is the sister station to WCQS, offering local news and NPR programming.

Friends of Community Radio created WSFM-LP, a volunteer-based, grassroots community radio station. The station is licensed under the "Free Form" format. There are also a variety of broadcasts dedicated to poetry, interviews, selected topics, children's radio, and comedy. The staff have remote broadcast many local concerts including Monotonix from Israel, JEFF the Brotherhood from Nashville, Screaming Females from New Jersey, and local acts.

Infrastructure

Transportation

Asheville is served by Asheville Regional Airport in the southernmost portion of the city,[131] and by Interstate 40 (east-west),[132]: I-40  Interstate 240 (north loop from I-40),[133]: I-240  and Interstate 26 (north-south).[132]: I-26  Additional major roadways providing access to Asheville include U.S. routes 19 and 74, and North Carolina state routes 191 and 280.[134] Passenger rail service is not available for the city. The city operates Asheville Rides Transit (ART), which consists of sixteen bus lines,[135] providing service throughout the City of Asheville and to Black Mountain, North Carolina.

A milestone was achieved in 2003 when Interstate 26 was extended nine miles from Mars Hill (north of Asheville) to Johnson City, Tennessee, completing a seven-year 1⁄4-billion dollar construction project,[136] part of a twenty-year 1⁄2-billion dollar construction project through the Blue Ridge Mountains. Work continues to improve Interstate 26 from Mars Hill to Interstate 40 by improving U.S. Route 19 and U.S. Route 23 and the western part of Interstate 240. This construction will include a multimillion-dollar bridge to cross the French Broad River.[137]

The Norfolk Southern Railway passes through the city, but passenger service is no longer available in the area. The city was last served in 1975 by the Southern Railway's Asheville Special (New York-Washington-Asheville, ended, 1970; Asheville-Salisbury, ended, 1975). Before that, it was served by the Southern's Skyland Special (Asheville-Columbia-Jacksonville, ended, 1959) and Carolina Special (Cincinnati-Goldsboro and Charleston branches, ended, 1968). In 1968, passenger service shifted from Asheville's station to the nearby Biltmore station. The Asheville station, built in 1905, was demolished.[138]

The North Carolina Department of Transportation has proposed the restoration of train service between Asheville and Salisbury, as has Amtrak.[139][140]

In 2020, the city received a $US1 million grant from the Federal Transit Administration to be used primarily on the ART bus transit system.[141]

Public services and utilities

The residents of Asheville are served by the Buncombe County Public Libraries, consisting of 11 branches located throughout the county; the headquarters and central library, Pack Memorial Library, is located in downtown Asheville.[142] The system includes a law library in the Buncombe County Courthouse and a genealogy and local history department located in the central library.

Drinking water in Asheville is provided by the Asheville water department. The water system consists of three water treatment plants, more than 1,600 miles (2,600 km) of water lines, 30 pumping stations and 27 storage reservoirs.[143]

Sewer services are provided by the Metropolitan Sewerage District of Buncombe County, power provided by Duke Energy, and natural gas is provided by PSNC Energy.

Asheville offers public transit through the ART (Asheville Rides Transit) bus service that operates across the city and to the town of Black Mountain. Routes originate from a central station located at 49 Coxe Avenue.[144]

Sister cities

Asheville's sister cities are:[145]

Notable people

Further information: List of people from Asheville, North Carolina and List of University of North Carolina at Asheville notable people

In popular culture

Author Thomas Wolfe (d. 1938) was born and grew up here, writing about the city; he and O. Henry (d.1910) are buried in Riverside Cemetery.[146] Other authors with Asheville ties include Charles Frazier (Cold Mountain), Chicago poet Carl Sandburg (d.1967 in his home in Flat Rock),[147] and F. Scott Fitzgerald (who wrote while staying at the Grove Park Inn).

Thomas Wolfe's debut novel Look Homeward, Angel (1929) is set largely in Asheville and features a protagonist recognizably similar to the author; the town is named Altamont in the book.

The 2008 film Anywhere, U.S.A. was locally produced,[148] and won a Special Jury Prize for Spirit of Independence at the 2008 Sundance Film Festival. The character Harrison Shepherd, the narrator and protagonist of Barbara Kingsolver's 2009 novel The Lacuna, lived in Asheville.[149] Asheville is featured as a location in the 2009 novel One Second After by William R. Forstchen (an area resident).[150]

The 2012 film The Hunger Games was filmed near Asheville.[151] The 2017 film Three Billboards Outside Ebbing, Missouri was shot in the Asheville area. The North Carolina tourism board has developed a guide for visitors interested in sites used in the film.[152]

See also

Notes

  1. ^ The record number of annual 90 °F or 32.2 °C readings is 32 in 1952, which would be lower than average in most cities in the southeast U.S.[57]
  2. ^ Mean monthly maxima and minima (i.e. the expected highest and lowest temperature readings at any point during the year or given month) calculated based on data at said location from 1991 to 2020.
  3. ^ Official precipitation records for Asheville were kept at Aston Park from March 1869 to July 1876, various locations in the city from August 1876 to August 1964, and at Asheville Regional Airport since September 1964. Snow and temperature records began December 18, 1869 and November 1, 1876, respectively. For more information, see ThreadEx.

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Further reading

  • Chase, Nan K. Asheville, a history (Jefferson, NC: McFarland & Co. 2007).
  • Epstein, Seth. "Urban Governance and Tolerance: The Regulation of Suspect Spaces and the Burden of Surveillance in Post–World War I Asheville, North Carolina." Journal of Urban History 43.5 (2017): 683-702. online
  • Martin, C. Brenden. Tourism in the mountain south: A double-edged sword (Univ. of Tennessee Press, 2007).
  • Starnes, Richard D. "" A Conspicuous Example of What is Termed the New South": Tourism and Urban Development in Asheville, North Carolina, 1880-1925." North Carolina Historical Review 80.1 (2003): 52-80. online

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External links

 
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Asheville, North Carolina.
  • Official Asheville, NC website
  • Asheville, North Carolina, a National Park Service Discover Our Shared Heritage Travel Itinerary
  • Asheville travel guide by Asheville Convention and Visitors Bureau
  •   Asheville travel guide from Wikivoyage
  • "North Carolina Room". Asheville: Pack Memorial Library. Collecting and preserving the history of Asheville, Buncombe County, and western North Carolina
  • Ramsey Library. "Appalachian Studies". Research Guides. Asheville: University of North Carolina. (Subject guide)

January 26, 2023
asheville, north, carolina, asheville, redirects, here, other, uses, asheville, disambiguation, asheville, city, county, seat, buncombe, county, north, carolina, located, confluence, french, broad, swannanoa, rivers, largest, city, western, north, carolina, st. Asheville redirects here For other uses see Asheville disambiguation Asheville ˈ ae ʃ v ɪ l ASH vil is a city in and the county seat of Buncombe County North Carolina 7 Located at the confluence of the French Broad and Swannanoa rivers it is the largest city in Western North Carolina and the state s 11th most populous city According to the 2020 census the city s population was 94 589 8 up from 83 393 in the 2010 census 9 It is the principal city in the four county Asheville metropolitan area which had a population of 424 858 in 2010 and of 469 015 in 2020 4 Asheville North CarolinaCityDowntown AshevilleFlagSealLogoNickname Land of the Sky 1 Motto s Quality of Service Quality of Life Location in Buncombe County and the state of North CarolinaAshevilleLocation in North CarolinaShow map of North CarolinaAshevilleLocation in the United StatesShow map of the United StatesCoordinates 35 35 45 N 82 33 10 W 35 59583 N 82 55278 W 35 59583 82 55278 Coordinates 35 35 45 N 82 33 10 W 35 59583 N 82 55278 W 35 59583 82 55278CountryUnited StatesStateNorth CarolinaCountyBuncombeIncorporated1797Named forGovernor Samuel AsheGovernment MayorEsther Manheimer Council MembersSheneika Smith Sandra Kilgore Antanette Mosley Kim Roney Sage Turner Gwen WislerArea 2 City45 86 sq mi 118 76 km2 Land45 47 sq mi 117 77 km2 Water0 39 sq mi 1 00 km2 0 66 Elevation2 134 ft 650 m Population 2020 City94 589 Rank11th in North Carolina Density2 080 20 sq mi 803 18 km2 Urban285 776 US 141st 3 Urban density1 149 6 sq mi 443 9 km2 Metro 4 469 015 US 120th DemonymAshevillanTime zoneUTC 5 Eastern Summer DST UTC 4 EDT ZIP Codes28801 28806 28810 28813 28816Area code828FIPS code37 02140 5 GNIS feature ID1018864 6 Websitewww wbr ashevillenc wbr gov Contents 1 History 1 1 Origins 1 2 Civil War 1 3 1880s 1 4 1900s 1 5 2000s to present 2 Geography 2 1 Climate 2 2 Neighborhoods 2 3 Architecture 2 4 Metropolitan area 3 Demographics 3 1 2020 census 3 2 2000 census 3 3 Religion 4 Economy 4 1 Largest employers 4 2 Sustainability and environmental initiatives 5 Arts and culture 5 1 Music 5 2 Performing arts 5 3 Visual arts 5 4 Film and television 5 5 Places of worship 5 6 Restaurants 5 7 Points of interest 6 Sports 6 1 Current teams 6 2 Previous teams 6 3 Other sports 7 Parks and recreation 8 Government 8 1 Local government 8 1 1 Current city council members 8 1 2 Controversy 8 2 State government 8 3 Federal government 9 Education 9 1 Colleges 10 Media 11 Infrastructure 11 1 Transportation 11 2 Public services and utilities 12 Sister cities 13 Notable people 14 In popular culture 15 See also 16 Notes 17 References 18 Further reading 18 1 Bibliography 19 External linksHistory EditSee also Timeline of Asheville North Carolina Origins Edit Before the arrival of the Europeans the land where Asheville now exists lay within the boundaries of the Cherokee Nation which had homelands in modern western North and South Carolina southeastern Tennessee and northeastern Georgia 10 A town at the site of the river confluence was recorded as Guaxule by Spanish explorer Hernando de Soto during his 1540 expedition through this area 11 12 His expedition comprised the first European visitors 11 who carried endemic Eurasian infectious diseases that killed many in the native population 13 The Cherokee had traditionally used the area by the confluence for open hunting and meeting grounds They called it Untokiasdiyi in Cherokee meaning Where they race until the middle of the 19th century 14 15 European Americans began to settle in the area of Asheville in 1784 after the United States gained independence in the American Revolutionary War In that year Colonel Samuel Davidson and his family settled in the Swannanoa Valley redeeming a soldier s land grant from the state of North Carolina made in lieu of pay Soon after building a log cabin at the bank of Christian Creek Davidson was lured into the woods and killed by a band of Cherokee hunters resisting white encroachment Davidson s wife child and female slave fled on foot overnight to Davidson s Fort named after Davidson s father General John Davidson 16 miles away 16 In response to the killing Davidson s twin brother Major William Davidson and brother in law Colonel Daniel Smith formed an expedition to retrieve Samuel Davidson s body and avenge his murder Months after the expedition Major Davidson and other members of his extended family returned to the area and settled at the mouth of Bee Tree Creek 17 The U S Census of 1790 counted 1 000 residents of the area excluding the Cherokee Native Americans as a separate nation Buncombe County was officially formed in 1792 In the 1800 US Census some 107 settlers in the county were slaveholders owning a total of 300 enslaved African Americans Total county population was 5 812 18 The county seat named Morristown in 1793 was established on a plateau where two old Indian trails crossed In 1797 Morristown was incorporated and renamed Asheville after North Carolina Governor Samuel Ashe 19 20 In the 1800s James McDowell established land for burial of slaves belonging to his and the Smith families in Asheville His son William Wallace McDowell continued this practice setting aside about two acres of land for this purpose Civil War Edit Asheville 1854 On the eve of the Civil War James W Patton son of an Irish immigrant was the largest slaveholder in the county and had built a luxurious mansion known as The Henrietta in Asheville 18 Buncombe County had the largest number of prominent slaveholders in Western North Carolina many in the professional class based in Asheville numbering a total of 293 countywide in 1863 18 Asheville with a population of about 2 500 by 1861 remained relatively untouched by battles of the Civil War The city contributed a number of companies to the Confederate States Army as well as a number for the Union Army For a time an Enfield rifle manufacturing facility was located in the town The war did not reach Asheville until early April 1865 when the Battle of Asheville was fought at the present day site of the University of North Carolina at Asheville Union forces withdrew to Tennessee which they had occupied since 1862 They had encountered resistance in Asheville from a small group of Confederate senior and junior reserves and recuperating Confederate soldiers in prepared trench lines across the Buncombe Turnpike The Union force had been ordered to take Asheville only if they could accomplish it without significant losses 21 22 An engagement was fought later that month at Swannanoa Gap as part of the larger Stoneman s Raid throughout western North Carolina Virginia and Tennessee Union forces retreated in the face of resistance from Brig Gen Martin commander of Confederate troops in western North Carolina Later Union forces returned to the area via Howard s Gap and Henderson County 23 In late April 1865 North Carolina Union troops from the 3rd North Carolina Mounted Infantry under the overall command of Union Gen George Stoneman captured Asheville 24 After a negotiated departure the 2 700 troops left town accompanied by hundreds of freed slaves 18 The slave George Avery was among 40 slaves known to have traveled with the troops to Tennessee There he enlisted in the US Colored Troops He returned to Asheville after being formally discharged in 1866 After the war he was hired by his former master William W McDowell to manage the South Asheville Cemetery a public place for black burials This is the oldest and largest black public cemetery in the state By 1943 when the last burial was conducted it held remains of an estimated 2 000 people Later the federal troops returned and plundered Asheville burning a number of Confederate supporters homes in Asheville 25 1880s Edit Downtown Asheville 1888 On October 2 1880 the Western North Carolina Railroad completed its line from Salisbury to Asheville the first rail line to reach the city Almost immediately it was sold and resold to the Richmond and Danville Railroad Company becoming part of the Southern Railway in 1894 26 With the completion of the first railway Asheville developed with steady growth as industrial plants increased in number and size and new residents built homes 27 Textile mills were built to process cotton from the region and other plants were set up to manufacture wood and mica products foodstuffs and other commodities 28 The 21 mile 34 km distance between Hendersonville and Asheville of the former Asheville and Spartanburg Railroad was completed in 1886 29 By that point the line was operated as part of the Richmond and Danville Railroad until 1894 and controlled by the Southern Railway afterward 30 Following major changes in the industry because of the competition from automobiles railroad restructuring resulted in Asheville s final passenger train a coach only remnant of the Southern Railway s Carolina Special making its last run on December 5 1968 Asheville had the first electric street railway lines in the state of North Carolina the first of which opened in 1889 These were replaced by buses in 1934 31 Asheville City Hall designed by Douglas Ellington in the Art Deco style of the 1920s 1900s Edit In 1900 Asheville was the third largest city in the state behind Wilmington and Charlotte 32 Asheville prospered in the decades of the 1910s and 1920s 33 34 During these years Rutherford P Hayes son of President Rutherford B Hayes bought land and worked with the prominent African American businessman Edward W Pearson Sr to develop his land for residential housing known as the African American Burton Street Community 35 Hayes also worked to establish a sanitary district in West Asheville which became an incorporated town in 1913 and merged with Asheville in 1917 36 The Asheville Masonic Temple was constructed in 1913 under the direction of famed architect Richard Sharp Smith a Freemason It was the meeting place for local Masons through much of the 20th century 37 On July 15 16 1916 the Asheville area was subject to severe flooding from the remnants of a tropical storm which caused more than 3 million in damage Areas flooded included part of the Biltmore Estate and the company that ran it sold some of the property to lower their maintenance costs This area was later developed as an independent jurisdiction known as Biltmore Forest which is now one of the wealthiest in the country The Great Depression hit Asheville quite hard On November 20 1930 eight local banks failed 38 Only Wachovia remained open with infusions of cash from Winston Salem 39 Because of the explosive growth of the previous decades the per capita debt owed by the city through municipal bonds was the highest in the nation 40 By 1929 both the city and Buncombe County had incurred over 56 million in bonded debt to pay for a wide range of municipal and infrastructure improvements including City Hall the water system Beaucatcher Tunnel and Asheville High School Rather than default the city paid those debts over a period of fifty years 41 From the start of the depression through the 1980s economic growth in Asheville was slow During this time of financial stagnation most of the buildings in the downtown district remained unaltered As a result Asheville has one of the most impressive comprehensive collections of Art Deco architecture in the United States 42 43 Asheville Masonic Temple Scottish Rite Cathedral In 1959 the city council would purchase property partially located in neighboring Henderson County for the development of Asheville Regional Airport The North Carolina General Assembly would pass a bill that would to redesign the boundaries of Buncombe and Henderson to include the proposed airport property entirely in Buncombe allowing Asheville to annex the complete site 44 From the 1950s to the 1970s urban renewal displaced much of Asheville s African American population 45 Asheville s neighborhoods of Montford and Kenilworth now mostly white used to have a majority of black home owners 46 Since the late 20th century there has been an effort to maintain and preserve the South Asheville Cemetery in the Kenilworth neighborhood It is the largest public black cemetery in the state holding about 2000 burials dating from the early 1800s and slavery years to 1943 Fewer than 100 of the graves are marked by tombstones 2000s to present Edit In 2003 Centennial Olympic Park bomber Eric Robert Rudolph was transported to Asheville from Murphy North Carolina for arraignment in federal court 47 48 In September 2004 remnants of Hurricanes Frances and Ivan caused major flooding in Asheville particularly at Biltmore Village 49 50 In 2006 the Asheville Zombie Walk was organized for the first time starting a tradition that lasted until 2016 51 In July 2020 the Asheville City Council voted to provide reparations to Black residents for the city s historic role in slavery discrimination and denial of basic liberties The resolution was unanimously passed and Asheville committed to make investments in areas where Black residents face disparities 52 Also in 2020 efforts were made to remove or change several monuments in the city that celebrated the Confederate States of America or slave owners Attorney Sean Devereux proposed renaming Asheville in honor of Arthur Ashe whose ancestors were owned by Samuel Ashe for whom the city was named 53 54 In June 2021 Asheville Mayor Esther Manheimer was one of 11 U S mayors to form Mayors Organized for Reparations and Equity MORE a coalition of municipal leaders dedicated to starting pilot reparations programs in their cities 55 Geography Edit Interactive map of Asheville city limits Asheville is located in the Blue Ridge Mountains at the confluence of the Swannanoa River and the French Broad River According to the United States Census Bureau the city has a total area of 45 3 square miles 117 2 km2 of which 44 9 square miles 116 4 km2 is land and 0 31 square miles 0 8 km2 or 0 66 is water 8 Asheville is 68 44 miles west of Hickory North Carolina 99 51 northwest of Charlotte and 133 84 miles southwest of Winston Salem Climate Edit Asheville features a climate that borders between a humid subtropical climate Koppen Cfa Trewartha Do and an oceanic climate Koppen Cfb with noticeably cooler temperatures than the rest of the Piedmont region of the Southeast due to the higher elevation it is part of USDA Hardiness zone 7a 56 The area s summers in particular though warm are not as hot as summers in cities farther east in the state as the July daily average temperature is 73 8 F 23 2 C and there is an average of only 9 4 afternoons with 90 F 32 2 C highs annually a The last time a calendar year passed without a single 90 F 32 2 C reading was as recent as 2009 Moreover warm mornings where the low remains at or above 70 F or 21 1 C are much less common than 90 F or 32 2 C afternoons Winters are cool with a January daily average of 37 1 F 2 8 C and highs remaining at or below freezing on 5 5 afternoons 57 Official record temperatures range from 16 F 26 7 C on January 21 1985 to 100 F 37 8 C on August 21 1983 58 the record cold daily maximum is 4 F or 15 6 C on February 4 1895 while conversely the record warm daily minimum is 77 F or 25 C on July 17 1887 57 Readings as low as 0 F 17 8 C or as high as 95 F 35 C rarely occur the last occurrences being January 7 2014 and July 1 2012 respectively 57 The average window for freezing temperatures is October 17 to April 18 allowing a growing season of 181 days 57 Asheville is located in the Appalachian temperate rainforest and precipitation is relatively well spread though the summer months are slightly wetter and averages 49 6 inches 1 260 mm annually but has historically ranged from 22 79 in 579 mm in 1925 to 79 48 in 2 019 mm in 2018 59 Snowfall is sporadic averaging 10 3 inches or 0 26 metres per winter season but actual seasonal accumulation varies considerably from one winter to the next accumulation has ranged from trace amounts in 2011 12 to 48 2 inches or 1 2 metres in 1968 69 57 Freezing rain often occurs accompanied by significant disruption Hail is not uncommon during the spring and summer accompanied by intense severe thunderstorms but the number of days with thunderstorms varies dramatically from year to year ranging from as low as 15 days in 2008 to as much as 44 in 2018 60 Climate data for Asheville Regional Airport North Carolina 1991 2020 normals b extremes 1869 present c Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec YearRecord high F C 80 27 80 27 87 31 90 32 93 34 98 37 99 37 100 38 95 35 91 33 83 28 81 27 100 38 Mean maximum F C 67 0 19 4 69 3 20 7 76 7 24 8 82 5 28 1 86 2 30 1 89 4 31 9 91 0 32 8 90 1 32 3 86 9 30 5 81 3 27 4 73 8 23 2 66 9 19 4 92 0 33 3 Average high F C 48 9 9 4 52 9 11 6 59 8 15 4 69 4 20 8 76 3 24 6 82 5 28 1 85 3 29 6 84 0 28 9 78 7 25 9 69 6 20 9 59 5 15 3 51 5 10 8 68 2 20 1 Daily mean F C 38 7 3 7 42 1 5 6 48 4 9 1 57 0 13 9 64 8 18 2 71 8 22 1 75 1 23 9 74 0 23 3 68 3 20 2 57 9 14 4 47 8 8 8 41 4 5 2 57 3 14 1 Average low F C 28 6 1 9 31 2 0 4 37 0 2 8 44 6 7 0 53 2 11 8 61 1 16 2 64 9 18 3 64 0 17 8 57 9 14 4 46 2 7 9 36 1 2 3 31 3 0 4 46 3 7 9 Mean minimum F C 9 9 12 3 15 5 9 2 20 3 6 5 29 3 1 5 37 7 3 2 49 4 9 7 56 5 13 6 54 5 12 5 44 2 6 8 30 0 1 1 21 6 5 8 16 3 8 7 7 6 13 6 Record low F C 16 27 9 23 2 17 20 7 28 2 35 2 44 7 42 6 30 1 20 7 1 17 7 22 16 27 Average precipitation inches mm 4 13 105 3 46 88 3 80 97 4 17 106 4 13 105 4 79 122 4 67 119 5 04 128 4 13 105 3 37 86 3 72 94 4 18 106 49 59 1 260 Average snowfall inches cm 3 6 9 1 1 9 4 8 1 9 4 8 0 2 0 51 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 0 51 2 5 6 4 10 3 26 Average precipitation days 0 01 in 10 5 9 8 11 9 10 6 11 5 13 4 13 9 13 1 9 2 7 8 8 8 10 0 130 5Average snowy days 0 1 in 1 6 1 5 1 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 1 1 5 6Average relative humidity 72 6 69 8 68 4 66 2 75 3 78 6 81 6 83 5 84 1 78 4 74 8 74 1 75 6Mean monthly sunshine hours 175 9 181 2 223 5 252 3 264 1 267 0 257 5 227 8 207 5 219 6 178 8 167 2 2 622 4Percent possible sunshine 56 59 60 64 61 61 58 55 56 63 58 55 59Source NOAA 57 61 62 Neighborhoods Edit North includes the neighborhoods of Albemarle Park Beaverdam Chestnut Hills Colonial Heights Five Points Grove Park Hillcrest Kimberly Klondyke Montford and Norwood Park Chestnut Hill Grove Park Lakeview Park Montford and Norwood Park neighborhoods are listed in the National Register of Historic Places Montford and Albemarle Park have been named local historic districts by the Asheville City Council East includes the neighborhoods of Kenilworth Beverly Hills Chunn s Cove Haw Creek Oakley Oteen Reynolds Riceville and Town Mountain West includes the neighborhoods of Camelot Wilshire Park Bear Creek Deaverview Park Emma Hi Alta Park Lucerne Park Malvern Hills Sulphur Springs Burton Street Haywood Road and Pisgah View South includes the neighborhoods of Ballantree Biltmore Village Biltmore Park Oak Forest Royal Pines Shiloh and Skyland Biltmore Village has been named a local historic district by the Asheville City Council 63 Architecture Edit Notable architecture in Asheville includes its Art Deco Asheville City Hall and other unique buildings in the downtown area such as the Battery Park Hotel the original of which was 475 feet long with numerous dormers and chimneys the Neo Gothic Jackson Building the first skyscraper on Pack Square Grove Arcade one of America s first indoor shopping malls 64 and the Basilica of St Lawrence The S amp W Cafeteria Building is also a fine example of Art Deco architecture in Asheville 65 The Grove Park Inn is an important example of architecture and design of the Arts and Crafts movement Asheville s recovery from the Depression was slow and arduous Because of the financial stagnation there was little new construction and much of the downtown district remained unaltered 66 The Montford Area Historic District and other central areas are considered historic districts and include Victorian houses Biltmore Village located at the entrance to the famous estate showcases unique architectural features It was here that workers stayed during the construction of George Vanderbilt s estate 67 The YMI Cultural Center founded in 1892 by George Vanderbilt in the heart of downtown is one of the nation s oldest African American cultural centers 68 69 Metropolitan area Edit Asheville is the largest city in the Asheville Metropolitan Statistical Area which includes Buncombe Haywood Henderson and Madison counties with a combined 2014 population of 442 316 as estimated by the Census Bureau 70 Demographics EditHistorical populationCensus Pop 180038 1860502 18701 400178 9 18802 61686 9 189010 235291 2 190014 69443 6 191018 76227 7 192028 50451 9 193050 19376 1 194051 3102 2 195053 0003 3 196060 19213 6 197057 929 3 8 198054 022 6 7 199061 60714 0 200068 88911 8 201083 39321 1 202094 58913 4 2021 est 94 067 71 0 6 U S Decennial Census 72 Location of the Asheville Brevard CSA and its components Asheville Metropolitan Statistical Area Brevard Micropolitan Statistical Area Asheville is the larger principal city of the Asheville Brevard CSA a Combined Statistical Area that includes the Asheville metropolitan area Buncombe Haywood Henderson and Madison counties and the Brevard micropolitan area Transylvania County 73 74 75 which had a combined population of 398 505 at the 2000 census 2020 census Edit Asheville racial composition 76 Race Number PercentageWhite non Hispanic 70 252 74 27 Black or African American non Hispanic 9 752 10 31 Native American 200 0 21 Asian 1 504 1 59 Pacific Islander 255 0 27 Other mixed 4 969 5 25 Hispanic or Latino 7 657 8 1 As of the 2020 United States census there were 94 589 people 40 340 households and 18 902 families residing in the city 2000 census Edit At the 2000 census 5 there were 68 889 people 30 690 households and 16 726 families residing in the city The population density was 1 683 4 per square mile 650 0 km2 There were 33 567 housing units at an average density of 820 3 per square mile 316 7 km2 The racial composition of the city was 77 95 White 17 61 Black or African American 3 76 Hispanic or Latino American 0 92 Asian American 0 35 Native American 0 06 Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander 1 53 some other race and 1 58 two or more races There were 30 690 households of which 22 2 had children under the age of 18 living with them 38 1 were married couples living together 13 0 had a female householder with no husband present and 45 5 were non families 36 8 of all households were made up of individuals and 13 8 had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older The average household size was 2 14 and the average family size was 2 81 Age distribution was 19 6 under the age of 18 10 3 from 18 to 24 28 7 from 25 to 44 23 1 from 45 to 64 and 18 3 who were 65 years of age or older The median age was 39 years For every 100 females there were 87 8 males For every 100 females age 18 and over there were 84 9 males The median household income was 32 772 and the median family income was 44 029 Males had a median income of 30 463 and 23 488 for females The per capita income for the city was 20 024 About 13 of families and 19 of the population were below the poverty line including 24 9 of those under age 18 and 10 1 of those age 65 or over Religion Edit There are a number of Baptist churches Roman Catholic Methodist Lutheran Presbyterian and Churches of Christ as well as a few non Christian places of worship such as Urban Dharma a Tibetan Buddhist center of the Drikung Kagyu school 77 Asheville is the headquarters of the Episcopal Diocese of Western North Carolina which is seated at the Cathedral of All Souls Asheville is an important city for North Carolinian Catholics who make pilgrimages to the Basilica of St Lawrence 78 There are several historical churches located throughout the city including the First Baptist Church of Asheville Asheville is also home to a number of atheist humanist and ethical culture organizations 79 Economy Edit The Merrill Lynch building in downtown Asheville designed by I M Pei The Jackson Building the first skyscraper in Asheville Major corporations headquartered in the Asheville area include HomeTrust Bancshares Ingles Earth Fare The Biltmore Company Moog Music and the eastern headquarters for Sierra Nevada Brewing Company and New Belgium Brewing Company Largest employers Edit According to the city s 2009 Comprehensive Annual Financial Report 80 the largest employers in the city are Employer of employees1 Mission Health System 3 000 2 Buncombe County Schools System 3 000 3 Ingles Markets Inc 3 000 4 The Biltmore Company 2 000 5 State of North Carolina 1 000 6 Buncombe County 1 000 7 Asheville VA Medical Center 1 000 8 City of Asheville 1 000 9 Wal Mart 1 000 10 Asheville Buncombe Technical Community College 1 000 11 Eaton 1 000 12 Grove Park Inn 500 99913 Asheville City Schools 500 99914 Community CarePartners 500 99915 United States Postal Service 500 99916 BorgWarner Turbo Systems 500 99917 Thermo Fisher Scientific 500 99918 Arvato Digital Services 500 99919 Employment Control 500 99920 Volvo Construction Equipment now closed 500 999Sustainability and environmental initiatives Edit The city of Asheville is home to a Duke Energy Progress coal power plant near Lake Julian This power plant is designated as having Coal Combustion Residue Surface Impoundments with a High Hazard Potential by the EPA 81 In 2012 a Duke University study found high levels of arsenic and other toxins in North Carolina lakes and rivers downstream from the Asheville power plants coal ash ponds Samples collected from coal ash waste flowing from the ponds at the Duke Energy Progress plant to the French Broad River in Buncombe County contained arsenic levels more than four times higher than the EPA drinking water standard and levels of selenium 17 times higher than the agency s standard for aquatic life 82 In March 2013 the State of North Carolina sued Duke Energy Progress in order to address similar environmental compliance issues In July 2013 Duke Energy Corp and North Carolina environmental regulators proposed a settlement in the lawsuit that stated coal ash threatened Asheville s water supply The settlement called for Duke to assess the sources and extent of contamination at the Riverbend power plant in Asheville Duke was to be fined 99 100 83 However following the coal ash spill in Eden NC the North Carolina DENR cancelled all previous settlements with Duke Energy 84 The city of Asheville claims a clear focus on sustainability and the development of a green economy For Asheville this goal is defined in their Sustainability Management Plan as Making decisions that balance the values of environmental stewardship social responsibility and economic vitality to meet our present needs without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their needs 85 As part of the Zero Waste AVL initiative which began in 2012 each resident receives Big Blue a rolling cart in which they can put all of their materials unsorted Residents can recycle a great variety of materials and in this first year of the program 6 30 of waste was diverted from the landfill for recycling 86 The Asheville City Council s goal is to reduce the overall carbon footprint 80 by 2030 This means 4 or more reduction per year 87 In 2009 the reduction was made when the City installed over 3 000 LED street lights managed its water system under ISO 14001 standards for environmental management improved the infrastructure and management of many of its buildings and switched many employees to a 4 day work week which saves emissions from commuting 85 Asheville is recognized by the Green Restaurant Association as the first city in the U S to be a Green Dining Destination significant density of green restaurants 88 Arts and culture Edit J Rush Oates Plaza Fountain in Pack Square Music Edit Live music is a significant element in the tourism based economy of Asheville and the surrounding area Seasonal festivals and numerous nightclubs and performance venues offer opportunities for visitors and locals to attend a wide variety of live entertainment events 89 Asheville has a strong tradition of street performance and outdoor music including festivals such as Bele Chere and the Lexington Avenue Arts amp Fun Festival LAAFF One event is Shindig on the Green which happens Saturday nights during July and August on City County Plaza By tradition the Shindig starts along about sundown and features local bluegrass bands and dance teams on stage and informal jam sessions under the trees surrounding the County Courthouse The Mountain Dance amp Folk Festival started in 1928 by Bascom Lamar Lunsford is said to be the first event ever labeled a folk festival Another popular outdoor music event is Downtown After 5 a monthly concert series held from 5 pm until 9 pm that hosts popular touring musicians as well as local acts A regular drum circle organized by residents in Pritchard Park is open to all and has been a popular local activity every Friday evening Asheville is also home of the Moog Music Headquarters 90 and the museum of the Bob Moog Foundation 91 Asheville plays host to The Warren Haynes Christmas Jam an annual charity event which raises money for Habitat For Humanity and features notable musicians 92 DJ music as well as a small but active dance community are also components of the downtown musical landscape The town is also home to the Asheville Symphony Orchestra the Asheville Lyric Opera the Land of the Sky Symphonic Band the Asheville Jazz Orchestra the Smoky Mountain Brass Band and the Asheville Community Band There are a number of bluegrass country and traditional mountain musicians in the Asheville area A residency at local music establishment the Orange Peel by the Smashing Pumpkins in 2007 along with the Beastie Boys in 2009 brought national attention to Asheville 93 The rock band Band of Horses have recorded two albums at Echo Mountain Studios in Asheville as have the Avett Brothers who have also traditionally played a New Year s Eve concert in Asheville Christian vocal group the Kingsmen originated in Asheville 94 Performing arts Edit Sculpture in Downtown Asheville of a girl drinking from a fountain shaped like a horse The Asheville Community Theatre was founded in 1946 producing the first amateur production of the Appalachian drama Dark of the Moon 95 Soon after the young actors Charlton Heston and wife Lydia Clarke took over the small theatre 96 The current ACT building has two performance spaces the Mainstage Auditorium and named the Heston Auditorium and the more intimate black box performance space 35below 97 The Asheville Lyric Opera celebrated its tenth anniversary in 2009 with a concert featuring Angela Brown David Malis and Tonio Di Paolo veterans of the Metropolitan Opera 98 The ALO has typically performed three fully staged professional operas for the community in addition to its vibrant educational program The Fringe Arts Festival features alternative performances 99 Visual arts Edit Flood Fine Arts Center a non profit contemporary art institution formerly in the River Arts District and now in nearby Black Mountain Asheville Art Museum located on Pack Square in downtown Asheville which reopened on November 14 2019 after a 24 million renovation 100 Black Mountain College Museum Arts Center located on Pack Square in downtown Asheville which presents exhibitions performances and other public programs related to the history and influence of Black Mountain College The Southern Highland Craft Guild s Folk Art Center dedicated to Appalachian craft traditions 101 The YMI Cultural Center exhibiting art related to the heritage of African Americans in the area 102 Film and television Edit The Asheville Film Festival completed its sixth year but the City of Asheville ceased to fund it putting its future in doubt The city is an annual participant in the 48 Hour Film Project 103 The Twin Rivers Media Festival is an independent multi media film festival held annually in downtown Asheville 104 105 The festival held its 20th annual event in May 2013 106 Thomas Wolfe House in downtown Asheville The Biltmore House on Biltmore Estate the largest private residence in the United States The Arras formerly the BB amp T Building Places of worship Edit Places of worship in Asheville include the Roman Catholic Basilica of St Lawrence the Episcopal Cathedral of All Souls and St Luke s Church and the Jewish Congregation Beth Israel Restaurants Edit Asheville was the first U S city recognized by the Green Restaurant Association as a Green Dining Destination significant density of green restaurants 88 Notable local restaurants include Plant an upscale vegan restaurant and Tupelo Honey Cafe Points of interest Edit The Arras tallest structure in Asheville Biltmore Estate largest privately owned house in the United States and listed as U S National Historic Landmark Blue Ridge Parkway a national parkway noted for its scenic beauty known as America s Favorite Drive Botanical Gardens at Asheville non profit botanical gardens initially designed by Doan Ogden Demens Rumbough Crawley House Hanger Hall built by Peter A Demens listed on the National Register of Historic Places Grove Park Inn hotel listed on U S National Register of Historic Places Jackson Building first skyscraper in western North Carolina McCormick Field one of the oldest minor league stadiums still in regular use North Carolina Arboretum arboretum and botanical garden located within the Bent Creek Experimental Forest Smith McDowell House the city s first mansion and oldest surviving house and the oldest brick structure in Buncombe County Thomas Wolfe House boyhood home of American author Thomas Wolfe and a U S National Historic LandmarkSports EditCurrent teams Edit Club Sport Founded League VenueAsheville Tourists Baseball 1897 South Atlantic League McCormick FieldAsheville City SC Soccer 2016 USL League Two Memorial StadiumAsheville City SC Women s Team Soccer 2017 Women s Premier Soccer League Memorial StadiumPrevious teams Edit Club Sport Founded League Venue Years in AshevilleAsheville Smoke Ice Hockey 1991 United Hockey League Asheville Civic Center 1998 2002Asheville Aces Ice Hockey 2004 Southern Professional Hockey League Asheville Civic Center 2004 2005Asheville Altitude Basketball 2001 National Basketball Developmental League Asheville Civic Center 2001 2005Other sports Edit Area colleges and universities such as the University of North Carolina at Asheville compete in sports UNCA s sports teams are known as the Bulldogs and play in the Big South Conference The Fighting Owls of Warren Wilson College participate in mountain biking and ultimate sports teams The college is also home of the Hooter Dome where the Owls play their home basketball games The Blue Ridge Rollergirls Asheville s first women s flat track roller derby team was established in 2006 107 Parks and recreation EditAsheville is a major hub of whitewater recreation particularly whitewater kayaking in the eastern US Many kayak manufacturers have their bases of operation in the Asheville area 108 Some of the most distinguished whitewater kayakers live in or around Asheville 109 In its July August 2006 journal the group American Whitewater named Asheville one of the top five US whitewater cities 109 Asheville is also home to numerous disc golf courses Soccer is another popular recreational sport in Asheville There are two youth soccer clubs in Asheville Asheville Shield Football Club 110 and HFC The Asheville Hockey League provides opportunities for youth and adult inline hockey at an outdoor rink at Carrier Park The rink is open to the public and pick up hockey is also available The Asheville Civic Center has held recreational ice hockey leagues in the past Government EditLocal government Edit The City of Asheville operates under a council manager form of government via its charter A mayor and a six member city council are elected at large for staggered four year terms The city council appoints a city manager a city attorney and a city clerk 111 The City Council appoints a vice mayor from among its members In the absence or disability of the mayor the vice mayor performs the mayoral duties City Council determines the needs to be addressed and the degree of service to be provided by the administrative branch of city government In 2005 Mayor Charles Worley signed the U S Conference of Mayors Climate Protection Agreement and in 2006 the City Council created the Sustainable Advisory Committee on Energy and the Environment In 2007 the Council became the first city on the East Coast to commit to building all municipal buildings to LEED Gold Standards and to achieve 80 percent energy reduction of 2001 standards by 2040 Also in 2007 the Council signed an agreement with Warren Wilson College stating the intent of the city and college to work together toward climate partnership goals 112 Following President Donald Trump s decision to remove the United States from the Paris Agreement Mayor Esther Manheimer was one of the original 61 mayors to commit to uphold the agreement in the city 113 On July 14 2020 the Asheville City Council voted unanimously to approve reparations to the city s Black citizens The move came during the 2020 George Floyd protests The resolution called for increased investment in Black communities in the city The Buncombe County Board of Commissioners soon followed the adoption of the measure 114 The protest also started a move to remove and replace the Vance Monument in the city that decision is still underway Current city council members Edit Mayor Esther Manheimer Vice Mayor Sheneika Smith Council S Antanette Mosley 115 Council Sandra Kilgore Council Kim Roney Council Sage Turner Council Gwen WislerSee also List of mayors of Asheville North Carolina Controversy Edit In 2009 a group of Asheville citizens challenged the legitimacy of Cecil Bothwell s election to the City Council 116 citing the Constitution of North Carolina which does not permit atheists to hold public office 117 Bothwell has described himself as a post theist rather than an atheist 118 and is a member of a local Unitarian Universalist congregation The opponents to his election never filed suit In response to the charge legal scholars explained that the U S Supreme Court held in Torcaso v Watkins that religious tests for political office are unconstitutional 119 Bothwell served his four year council term and was re elected in 2013 120 He was defeated in the primary when he ran for a third term in 2017 121 While the city council elections are non partisan party politics may enter into play as Republican and Democratic party members back their registered members candidacy An effort by the council to return to partisan elections was defeated by voters in a referendum held in November 2007 122 State government Edit In the North Carolina Senate Julie Mayfield D Asheville and Chuck Edwards R Hendersonville both represent parts of Buncombe County Mayfield represents most of the city of Asheville Edwards represents a small portion of the southern part of Asheville 123 In the North Carolina House of Representatives Caleb Rudow D Asheville John Ager D Asheville and Brian Turner D Asheville all represent parts of the county 124 All three of them represent parts of the city although the majority of it is in Fisher s district Federal government Edit In the 2012 presidential election Barack Obama won the entirety of Buncombe County with 55 of the vote Obama visited the city on a few occasions 125 In April 2010 he and his family vacationed in the city it was the first time he had visited since October 5 2008 126 In the United States presidential election of 2016 Hillary Clinton won 54 of the vote in Buncombe County and Donald Trump 40 according to the North Carolina State Board of Elections In 2020 Joe Biden won 59 74 of the vote in Buncombe County and Donald Trump 38 63 North Carolina is represented in the United States Senate by Thom Tillis R Huntersville and Ted Budd R Advance The city of Asheville is located in North Carolina s 11th congressional district which is currently represented by Chuck Edwards R Flat Rock Education Edit Asheville High School designed by Douglas Ellington Students K 12 are assigned to one of two public school systems in the city of Asheville Buncombe County Schools or Asheville City Schools based on address Public Asheville City Schools include Asheville High School known as Lee H Edwards High School 1935 1969 School of Inquiry and Life Sciences at Asheville Asheville Middle School Claxton Elementary Randolph Learning Center Hall Fletcher Elementary Isaac Dickson Elementary Ira B Jones Elementary and Vance Elementary The Buncombe County Schools System operates high schools middle schools and elementary schools both inside and outside the city of Asheville North Buncombe High School T C Roberson High School and A C Reynolds High School are three Buncombe County schools located in Asheville 127 Asheville was formerly home to one of the few Sudbury schools in the Southeast Katuah Sudbury School It is also home to several charter schools including Francine Delany New School for Children one of the first charter schools in North Carolina ArtSpace Charter School Invest Collegiate Imagine and Evergreen Community Charter School an Outward Bound Expeditionary Learning School recognized as one of the most environmentally conscious schools in the country 128 Two private residential high schools are located in the Asheville area the all male Christ School located in Arden and the co educational Asheville School Other private schools include Carolina Day School Veritas Christian Academy Asheville Catholic School 129 and Asheville Christian Academy Colleges Edit Asheville and its surrounding area have several institutions of higher education Asheville Buncombe Technical Community College Asheville Black Mountain College Black Mountain 1933 1957 Shaw University College of Adult and Professional Education or C A P E Brevard College Brevard Lenoir Rhyne University Center for Graduate Studies of Asheville Asheville Mars Hill University Mars Hill Montreat College Montreat University of North Carolina at Asheville Asheville Warren Wilson College Swannanoa Western Carolina University Cullowhee Blue Ridge Community College Flat Rock South College Asheville Asheville Media EditSee also List of newspapers in North Carolina List of radio stations in North Carolina and List of television stations in North Carolina Asheville is in the Greenville Spartanburg Asheville Anderson television DMA and the Asheville radio ADI for the city s radio stations 130 The primary television station in Asheville is ABC affiliate WLOS TV Channel 13 with studios in Biltmore Park and a transmitter on Mount Pisgah Other stations licensed to Asheville include WUNF a PBS UNC TV station on Channel 33 and The CW affiliate WYCW on Channel 62 Asheville is also served by the Upstate South Carolina stations of WYFF Channel 4 NBC WSPA TV Channel 7 CBS WHNS TV Channel 21 FOX MyNetworkTV station WMYA Channel 40 and 3ABN station Channel 41 SCETV PBS affiliates from the Upstate of South Carolina are generally not carried on cable systems in the North Carolina portion of the DMA though are accessible via an HD antennae in some areas The Asheville Citizen Times is Asheville s daily newspaper which covers most of Western North Carolina The Mountain Xpress is the largest weekly in the area covering arts and politics in the region The Asheville Daily Planet is a monthly paper The Biltmore Beacon is a weekly newspaper specifically written to be of interest to residents and businesses in the various Biltmore communities including Biltmore Forest Biltmore Park Biltmore Lake and Biltmore Village WCQS Blue Ridge Public Radio is Asheville s public radio station It airs National Public Radio news and other programs classical and jazz music WYQS BPR News is the sister station to WCQS offering local news and NPR programming Friends of Community Radio created WSFM LP a volunteer based grassroots community radio station The station is licensed under the Free Form format There are also a variety of broadcasts dedicated to poetry interviews selected topics children s radio and comedy The staff have remote broadcast many local concerts including Monotonix from Israel JEFF the Brotherhood from Nashville Screaming Females from New Jersey and local acts Infrastructure EditTransportation Edit Asheville is served by Asheville Regional Airport in the southernmost portion of the city 131 and by Interstate 40 east west 132 I 40 Interstate 240 north loop from I 40 133 I 240 and Interstate 26 north south 132 I 26 Additional major roadways providing access to Asheville include U S routes 19 and 74 and North Carolina state routes 191 and 280 134 Passenger rail service is not available for the city The city operates Asheville Rides Transit ART which consists of sixteen bus lines 135 providing service throughout the City of Asheville and to Black Mountain North Carolina A milestone was achieved in 2003 when Interstate 26 was extended nine miles from Mars Hill north of Asheville to Johnson City Tennessee completing a seven year 1 4 billion dollar construction project 136 part of a twenty year 1 2 billion dollar construction project through the Blue Ridge Mountains Work continues to improve Interstate 26 from Mars Hill to Interstate 40 by improving U S Route 19 and U S Route 23 and the western part of Interstate 240 This construction will include a multimillion dollar bridge to cross the French Broad River 137 The Norfolk Southern Railway passes through the city but passenger service is no longer available in the area The city was last served in 1975 by the Southern Railway s Asheville Special New York Washington Asheville ended 1970 Asheville Salisbury ended 1975 Before that it was served by the Southern s Skyland Special Asheville Columbia Jacksonville ended 1959 and Carolina Special Cincinnati Goldsboro and Charleston branches ended 1968 In 1968 passenger service shifted from Asheville s station to the nearby Biltmore station The Asheville station built in 1905 was demolished 138 The North Carolina Department of Transportation has proposed the restoration of train service between Asheville and Salisbury as has Amtrak 139 140 In 2020 the city received a US1 million grant from the Federal Transit Administration to be used primarily on the ART bus transit system 141 Public services and utilities Edit The residents of Asheville are served by the Buncombe County Public Libraries consisting of 11 branches located throughout the county the headquarters and central library Pack Memorial Library is located in downtown Asheville 142 The system includes a law library in the Buncombe County Courthouse and a genealogy and local history department located in the central library Drinking water in Asheville is provided by the Asheville water department The water system consists of three water treatment plants more than 1 600 miles 2 600 km of water lines 30 pumping stations and 27 storage reservoirs 143 Sewer services are provided by the Metropolitan Sewerage District of Buncombe County power provided by Duke Energy and natural gas is provided by PSNC Energy Asheville offers public transit through the ART Asheville Rides Transit bus service that operates across the city and to the town of Black Mountain Routes originate from a central station located at 49 Coxe Avenue 144 Sister cities EditAsheville s sister cities are 145 Birnam Scotland United Kingdom Dunkeld Scotland United Kingdom Karpenisi Greece Osogbo Nigeria San Cristobal de las Casas Mexico Saumur France Valladolid Mexico Vladikavkaz RussiaNotable people EditFurther information List of people from Asheville North Carolina and List of University of North Carolina at Asheville notable peopleIn popular culture EditAuthor Thomas Wolfe d 1938 was born and grew up here writing about the city he and O Henry d 1910 are buried in Riverside Cemetery 146 Other authors with Asheville ties include Charles Frazier Cold Mountain Chicago poet Carl Sandburg d 1967 in his home in Flat Rock 147 and F Scott Fitzgerald who wrote while staying at the Grove Park Inn Thomas Wolfe s debut novel Look Homeward Angel 1929 is set largely in Asheville and features a protagonist recognizably similar to the author the town is named Altamont in the book The 2008 film Anywhere U S A was locally produced 148 and won a Special Jury Prize for Spirit of Independence at the 2008 Sundance Film Festival The character Harrison Shepherd the narrator and protagonist of Barbara Kingsolver s 2009 novel The Lacuna lived in Asheville 149 Asheville is featured as a location in the 2009 novel One Second After by William R Forstchen an area resident 150 The 2012 film The Hunger Games was filmed near Asheville 151 The 2017 film Three Billboards Outside Ebbing Missouri was shot in the Asheville area The North Carolina tourism board has developed a guide for visitors interested in sites used in the film 152 See also Edit United States portal North Carolina portal Cities portalList of municipalities in North Carolina Sunset StampedeNotes Edit The record number of annual 90 F or 32 2 C readings is 32 in 1952 which would be lower than average in most cities in the southeast U S 57 Mean monthly maxima and minima i e the expected highest and lowest temperature readings at any point during the year or given month calculated based on data at said location from 1991 to 2020 Official precipitation records for Asheville were kept at Aston Park from March 1869 to July 1876 various locations in the city from August 1876 to August 1964 and at Asheville Regional Airport since September 1964 Snow and temperature records began December 18 1869 and November 1 1876 respectively For more information see ThreadEx References Edit Why Work for BCS BCS website Buncombe County Schools Archived from the original on September 28 2016 Retrieved November 3 2011 ArcGIS REST Services Directory United States Census Bureau Retrieved September 20 2022 United States Census Bureau December 29 2022 2020 Census Qualifying Urban Areas and Final Criteria Clarifications Federal Register a b 2020 Population and Housing State Data United States Census Bureau Retrieved November 2 2021 a b U S Census website United States Census Bureau Archived from the original on December 27 1996 Retrieved January 31 2008 GNIS Feature Search United States Geological Survey June 17 1980 Archived from the original on November 20 2020 Retrieved January 6 2015 NACo County Explorer National Association of Counties March 30 2020 Retrieved 26 December 2020 a b QuickFacts Asheville city North Carolina United States Census Bureau Retrieved November 2 2021 Annual Estimates of the Resident Population for Incorporated Places in North Carolina April 1 2010 to July 1 2019 City and Town Population Totals 2010 2019 Excel XLSX United States Census Bureau May 13 2020 Asheville city North Carolina Retrieved December 28 2020 Original extent of Cherokee claims 1732 map GIF Collection at the University of Georgia June 26 1996 Archived from the original on June 26 2006 Retrieved July 23 2006 a b The Historic News 1999 A History of Asheville and Buncombe County Old Buncombe County Genealogical Society Archived from the original text html on June 19 2006 Retrieved July 23 2006 Neufeld Rob July 29 2018 Visiting Our Past Asheville before Asheville Cherokee girls De Soto s crimes Asheville Citizen Times Retrieved July 29 2018 Cherokee History Part One text html Lee Sultzman February 28 1996 Archived from the original on July 7 2006 Retrieved July 23 2006 Asheville 0 1800 The Early Settlers Asheville be 2006 Archived from the original text html on July 21 2006 Retrieved July 23 2006 Neal Dale Cherokee reclaim landmarks of ancient Asheville www citizen times com Retrieved September 28 2020 Samuel Davidson Swannanoa Valley Museum amp History Center Retrieved November 6 2022 Samuel Davidson First European Settler West of the Blue Ridge Swannanoa Valley Museum amp History Center May 12 2016 Archived from the original on June 14 2018 a b c d Whisnant David August 29 2015 Retrospective I A Primer on the Sad Truths of Slavery in Asheville Buncombe County and Western North Carolina Asheville Junction A Blog by David Whisnant Alex S Caton Rebecca Lamb 1999 2004 The Early Settlement of Buncombe Country and the Drover s Road Smith McDowell House Museum Archived from the original text html on July 20 2006 Retrieved July 23 2006 Asheville Western North Carolina Heritage Land of the Sky Archived from the original on May 1 2006 Retrieved July 23 2006 In his Samuel Ashe honor the name of Morristown was changed to Asheville Asheville Battle of NCpedia www ncpedia org Retrieved November 6 2022 Smith Anne April 6 1865 Battle of Asheville Western North Carolina Historical Association Retrieved November 6 2022 Top 10 Civil War Sites for Asheville amp Western North Carolina RomanticAsheville com Retrieved November 6 2022 Hartley Stoneman s Raid p 362 Blair 2010 Hartley supra at p 350 358 NC Business History Railroad Western North Carolina Railroad history amp officers Historync org Archived from the original on October 30 2013 Retrieved June 29 2013 NEUFELD ROB September 22 2019 Visiting Our Past Asheville promotions gained steam before the railroad Citizen Times Retrieved September 23 2019 The Federal Writers Project of the Federal Works Agency Works Projects Administration for the State of North Carolina North Carolina A Guide to the Old North State The University of North Carolina Press Chapel Hill 1939 page 139 Jeffrey Thomas E 1998 Thomas Lanier Clingman ISBN 9780820320236 Archived from the original on November 20 2020 Retrieved October 15 2020 Appalachian History Manuscript Resources in Special Collections Special Collections University Libraries Virginia Tech May 2 2005 Asheville and Spartanburg Railroad Company Archived from the original on January 6 2015 Retrieved January 6 2015 The Federal Writers Project of the Federal Works Agency Works Projects Administration for the State of North Carolina North Carolina A Guide to the Old North State permanent dead link ISBN 0403021820 The University of North Carolina Press Chapel Hill 1939 pages 69 139 North Carolina Cities Population Changes in the 1800s North Carolina Business History Archived from the original on June 30 2017 Retrieved July 5 2017 Asheville N C now and in the 1920s AVLtoday January 1 2020 Retrieved November 6 2022 Asheville School NCpedia www ncpedia org Retrieved November 6 2022 Black History Month Edward R Pearson Citizen Times Retrieved March 6 2019 Neufeld Rob July 2 2017 Visiting Our Past President s son helped create West Asheville Asheville Citizen Times Retrieved July 4 2017 Hunt Max Passage to the past Inside the bowels of the Asheville Masonic Temple Mountain Xpress Archived from the original on July 10 2019 Retrieved July 10 2019 8 CAROLINA BANKS FAIL AS BOOM ENDS The New York Times November 21 1930 Archived from the original on February 26 2018 Retrieved April 25 2010 Neufeld Rob Portrait of the Past Wachovia Bank at Pritchard Park early 1970s The Asheville Citizen Times Retrieved November 6 2022 Preservation Asheville North Carolina A National Register of Historic Places Travel Itinerary Nps gov Archived from the original on November 5 2012 Retrieved June 29 2013 Boyle John February 6 2015 Did Asheville pay off its Depression era debt Asheville Citizen Times p A2 ABOUT D H Ramsey Library Special Collections University of North Carolina at Asheville Archived from the original on May 16 2008 Preservation Asheville North Carolina A National Register of Historic Places Travel Itinerary www nps gov Archived from the original on February 2 2017 Retrieved November 28 2016 HOUSE BILL 1283 PDF North Carolina General Assembly June 18 1959 Retrieved June 12 2021 Red lines Archived from the original on July 16 2020 Retrieved March 23 2020 Neal Dale Hood tours revisit Asheville s black landmarks The Asheville Citizen Times Retrieved March 23 2020 Ellingwood Ken June 2 2003 The Nation Fugitive s Capture Heightens Speculation Locals are touchy about the theory that some sympathetic with his anti government views helped the suspected bomber elude the law Archived from the original on March 15 2013 Retrieved August 22 2017 Fletcher Michael A June 3 2003 Rudolph to be tried first in Alabama Abortion clinic bomb case said to be strongest Chicago Tribune Archived from the original on March 15 2013 Retrieved August 22 2017 Santora Marc September 20 2004 Storm s Devastation Is Revealed and a Mountain Hamlet Mourns The New York Times Archived from the original on November 20 2020 Retrieved February 5 2017 Postelle Brian November 10 2004 Sleeping giant Mountain Xpress Mountainx com Archived from the original on June 17 2011 Retrieved June 29 2013 Asheville Zombie Walk Set for Oct 9th Asheville com Retrieved December 13 2022 Burgess Joel July 15 2020 In Historic Move North Carolina City Approves Reparations for Black Residents USA Today Archived from the original on July 15 2020 Retrieved July 15 2020 Boyle John August 2 2020 What to do with the Vance obelisk Asheville Citizen Times Retrieved August 3 2020 Wicker Mackenzie July 14 2020 Confederate monument removed from Buncombe Courthouse property Asheville Citizen Times Retrieved August 3 2020 11 U S Mayors Commit To Developing Pilot Projects For Reparations Associated Pres June 18 2021 USDA Plant Hardiness Zone Map planthardiness ars usda gov Archived from the original on February 27 2014 Retrieved November 28 2016 a b c d e f g NowData NOAA Online Weather Data National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Archived from the original on November 16 2018 Retrieved May 11 2021 NOAA records for August Asheville NC noaa gov Archived from the original on December 27 2004 Retrieved November 12 2007 Fletcher NC Weather History Weather Underground Archived from the original on January 7 2019 Retrieved January 7 2019 Local Climatological Data Publication Select Month IPS National Climatic Data Center NCDC www ncdc noaa gov Retrieved August 27 2022 Station Asheville RGNL AP NC U S Climate Normals 2020 U S Monthly Climate Normals 1991 2020 National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Retrieved May 11 2021 WMO Climate Normals for ASHEVILLE REGIONAL NC 1961 1990 National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Retrieved September 4 2016 dead link Asheville Neighborhoods Ashevilleneighborhoods info March 20 2010 Archived from the original on April 4 2016 Retrieved May 22 2016 Chase Nan K Asheville A History 2007 p 39 61 93 S amp W Cafeteria Asheville s Built Environment University of North Carolina at Asheville Archived from the original on December 28 2007 How Asheville s 50 Year Debt Paid Off In Architectural Treasures Explore Asheville July 21 2015 Retrieved November 6 2022 Montford Historic District Asheville RomanticAsheville com Retrieved November 6 2022 Homepage The Urban News Archived from the original on October 28 2020 Retrieved October 29 2020 A Proud and Sustaining History YMI Cultural Center Archived from the original on May 20 2007 Retrieved May 12 2007 Census Bureau Home Page Census gov Archived from the original on December 27 1996 Retrieved May 22 2016 U S Census Bureau QuickFacts Asheville city North Carolina www census gov Retrieved September 14 2022 Census of Population and Housing Census gov Retrieved June 4 2015 METROPOLITAN STATISTICAL AREAS AND COMPONENTS Archived May 26 2007 at the Wayback Machine Office of Management and Budget May 11 2007 Accessed 2008 08 01 MICROPOLITAN STATISTICAL AREAS AND COMPONENTS Archived June 29 2007 at the Wayback Machine Office of Management and Budget May 11 2007 Accessed 2008 08 01 COMBINED STATISTICAL AREAS AND COMPONENT CORE BASED STATISTICAL AREAS Archived June 29 2007 at the Wayback Machine Office of Management and Budget May 11 2007 Accessed 2008 08 01 Explore Census Data data census gov Retrieved December 19 2021 World Buddhist Directory Presented by BuddhaNet Net Pilgrimage Jubilee Year of Mercy Basilica of Saint Lawrence Archived from the original on September 4 2017 Retrieved November 28 2018 Season of Reason Winter 2020 21 United CoR City of Asheville Comprehensive Annual Financial Report PDF Ashevillec gov Archived from the original PDF on April 1 2017 Retrieved May 22 2016 Coal Combustion Residuals CCR Surface Impoundments with High Hazard Potential Ratings Archived from the original on December 3 2013 Retrieved November 29 2013 Duke University Progress Energy plant polluting French Broad River October 15 2012 Archived from the original on November 29 2013 NC files new lawsuits against Duke Energy today August 16 2013 Archived from the original on November 29 2013 Local News The Asheville Citizen Times citizen times com The Asheville Citizen Times a b Sustainability Management Plan PDF Ashevillenc gov August 2009 Archived from the original PDF on March 4 2016 Retrieved May 22 2016 Sustainability Ashevillenc gov Archived from the original on May 20 2016 Retrieved May 22 2016 City of Asheville Carbon Footprint Annual Report 2011 2012 PDF Ashevillenc gov Archived from the original PDF on March 4 2016 Retrieved May 22 2016 a b Green Restaurant Initiative Blue Ridge Sustainability Institute Archived from the original on December 1 2013 Retrieved August 9 2013 Music pumps up economy enlivens nightlife Michael Flynn Asheville Citizen Times August 22 2003 Dewan Shaila October 24 2010 36 Hours in Asheville The New York Times Retrieved June 6 2011 Amped Up WNC Magazine April 11 2019 Archived from the original on February 22 2020 Retrieved February 22 2020 Music star Warren Haynes gives back to community CNN com edition cnn com Archived from the original on August 10 2020 Retrieved October 23 2020 Smashing Pumpkins return puts Asheville on music map Ledger Dispatch June 22 2007 Archived from the original on September 27 2007 Retrieved June 23 2007 The Kingsmen New Haven Records Archived from the original on October 29 2020 Retrieved October 23 2020 Asheville Community Theatre PRODUCTION HISTORY Ashevilletheatre org Archived from the original on January 28 2016 Retrieved January 22 2016 Asheville Community Theatre Ashevilleguidebook com Archived from the original on September 12 2015 Retrieved January 22 2016 Asheville Community Theatre Asheville NC s Official Travel Site Explore Asheville Archived from the original on January 29 2016 Retrieved January 22 2016 1 dead link The Asheville Fringe Arts Festival Asheville Fringe Arts Festival Asheville Fringe Arts Festival Archived from the original on December 30 2012 Retrieved January 26 2013 Asheville Art Museum re opens after major three year expansion project Art Daily Jose Villareal Archived from the original on December 20 2019 Retrieved December 2 2019 Folk Center Southern Highland Craft Guild Archived from the original on February 17 2020 Retrieved February 14 2020 YMI Cultural Center Blue Ridge National Heritage Area Archived from the original on February 22 2020 Retrieved February 22 2020 48 Hour Film Festival Asheville 48hourfilm com Archived from the original on November 10 2016 Retrieved May 22 2016 staff May 18 2012 Asheville s River Arts District hosts 19th annual Twin Rivers Media Festival beginning Friday PDF ashevillenc gov Retrieved August 13 2015 permanent dead link Moe Jack The Vision of the Twin Rivers Media Festival Asheville NC Appalachian Getaways Archived from the original on August 10 2015 Retrieved August 13 2015 Motsinger Carol May 9 2013 20th annual Twin Rivers Media Festival opens May 17 Asheville Citizen Times Retrieved August 13 2015 dead link Blue Ridge Rollergirls WFTDA Archived from the original on October 26 2020 Retrieved October 23 2020 Rocking the boat Mountain Xpress Archived from the original on September 27 2007 Retrieved June 23 2007 a b American Whitewater Journal July August 2006 not published on the web yet Asheville Shield Football Club About City Government Ashevillenc gov Archived from the original on August 1 2013 Retrieved June 29 2013 Warren Wilson College to Partner with Asheville on Climate Greenbiz www greenbiz com Retrieved November 6 2022 468 US Climate Mayors commit to adopt honor and uphold Paris Climate Agreement goals Climate Mayors Climate Mayors June 2017 Retrieved February 12 2021 Burgess Joel In historic move North Carolina city approves reparations for Black residents USAtoday com USA Today Retrieved February 14 2021 Bush Matt September 9 2020 Antanette Mosley Appointed To Asheville City Council www bpr org Archived from the original on September 25 2020 Retrieved September 29 2020 Jordan Schrader Dale Neal December 8 2009 Critics of Cecil Bothwell cite N C bar to atheists Asheville Citizen Times Archived from the original on August 7 2011 Retrieved December 10 2009 Article VI Suffrage and Eligibility to Office Sec 8 Disqualifications for office North Carolina State Constitution State of North Carolina Archived from the original on February 9 2014 Retrieved February 15 2014 The following persons shall be disqualified for office First any person who shall deny the being of Almighty God Critics of Cecil Bothwell cite N C bar to atheists The Asheville Citizen Times Archived from the original on January 10 2013 Retrieved April 13 2013 Asheville councilman atheism debate goes viral Cecil Bothwell gets wide audience citizen times com Wisler Smith Bothwell win council seats Asheville Citizens Times November 5 2013 Retrieved February 15 2014 Bowman Joel Burgess Mark Barrett Alexandria Bordas and Jennifer Kapoor Manheimer dominate Asheville primary Bothwell loses The Asheville Citizen Times Retrieved April 29 2018 McDaniel Polly September 25 2019 Asheville City Council takes next step toward reinstating at large elections and nonpartisan municipal primaries The City of Asheville Retrieved November 6 2022 United States North Carolina NC State Senate NC State Senate 48 Our Campaigns May 10 2007 Archived from the original on January 8 2014 Retrieved June 29 2013 NC General Assembly webmasters North Carolina General Assembly Buncombe County Representation 2013 2014 Session Ncleg net Archived from the original on June 2 2013 Retrieved June 29 2013 James Frank October 17 2011 Obama Hearts North Carolina But It May Have Lost That Loving Feeling It s All Politics NPR Archived from the original on August 13 2013 Retrieved June 29 2013 Wing Nicholas April 16 2010 Obama Vacation First Family To Visit Asheville North Carolina Huffington Post Archived from the original on March 20 2012 Retrieved October 25 2011 Schools Directory www buncombeschools org Archived from the original on October 31 2020 Retrieved October 23 2020 Evergreen Community Charter School Asheville North Carolina Evergreen Community Charter School Asheville North Carolina Evergreenccs org Archived from the original on July 6 2013 Retrieved June 29 2013 Asheville Catholic School Archived from the original on June 16 2020 Retrieved June 16 2020 Market Ranks arbitron com Archived from the original on July 10 2007 Retrieved September 2 2007 FAA5010 1 Airport Master Record PDF Report U S Department of Transportation Federal Aviation Administration December 3 2020 AVL Local ID Retrieved December 28 2020 permanent dead link a b Table 1 Main Routes FHWA Route Log and Finder List Interstate Highway System National Highway System Planning FHWA National Highway System U S Department of Transportation Federal Highway Administration December 31 2018 Retrieved December 28 2020 Table 2 Auxiliary Routes FHWA Route Log and Finder List Interstate Highway System National Highway System Planning FHWA National Highway System U S Department of Transportation Federal Highway Administration December 31 2018 Retrieved December 28 2020 Asheville NC PDF National Highway System Map U S Department of Transportation Federal Highway Administration October 1 2020 Retrieved December 30 2020 Maps amp Schedules ashevillenc gov Archived from the original on March 6 2014 Retrieved March 6 2014 Interstate 26 Asheville Citizen Times Vol 134 no 215 Final ed Asheville North Carolina Gannett August 3 2003 p A5 Retrieved December 28 2020 via Newspapers com I 26 Connector Asheville NC Public Information Website North Carolina Department of Transportation n d Archived from the original on July 6 2006 Retrieved August 20 2006 Neufeld Bob February 6 2015 Portrait of the past Southern Railway passenger station Asheville Citizen Times Retrieved February 4 2022 Comprehensive State Rail Plan PDF NCDOT Rail Division August 2015 pp 3 21 Retrieved August 11 2021 Lacey Derek April 5 2021 New plan adds Amtrak rail service from Asheville to Salisbury Citizen Times Retrieved August 11 2021 Whitehead Brittany October 15 2020 Asheville Rides Transit bus system to undergo 1 25m in upgrades MSN Retrieved December 30 2020 Libraries Branch Locations Buncombe County Archived from the original on March 29 2016 Retrieved March 28 2016 Water Production City of Asheville NC Archived from the original on March 23 2016 Retrieved March 28 2016 Asheville Transit City of Asheville Archived from the original on March 31 2016 Retrieved March 28 2016 Our Sister Cities Asheville Sister Cities Inc Archived from the original on October 28 2020 Retrieved October 25 2020 Riverside Cemetery cityofasheville github io Archived from the original on January 30 2018 Retrieved January 30 2018 Frequently Asked Questions Carl Sandburg Home National Historic Site U S National Park Service www nps gov Archived from the original on November 20 2020 Retrieved January 30 2018 Anywhere USA Sundance Award History sundance org Archived from the original on March 4 2016 Retrieved May 22 2016 About The Lacuna Barbara Kingsolver www kingsolver com Archived from the original on January 30 2018 Retrieved January 30 2018 Apocalypse WNC Mountain Xpress Archived from the original on January 30 2018 Retrieved January 30 2018 Visit the North Carolina Locations Where The Hunger Games Was Filmed ABC News July 16 2015 Archived from the original on July 19 2018 Retrieved July 19 2018 Explore Authentic Locations From Three Billboards Outside Ebbing VisitNC com Archived from the original on February 23 2018 Retrieved February 23 2018 Further reading EditChase Nan K Asheville a history Jefferson NC McFarland amp Co 2007 Epstein Seth Urban Governance and Tolerance The Regulation of Suspect Spaces and the Burden of Surveillance in Post World War I Asheville North Carolina Journal of Urban History 43 5 2017 683 702 online Martin C Brenden Tourism in the mountain south A double edged sword Univ of Tennessee Press 2007 Starnes Richard D A Conspicuous Example of What is Termed the New South Tourism and Urban Development in Asheville North Carolina 1880 1925 North Carolina Historical Review 80 1 2003 52 80 onlineBibliography Edit Buncombe County Branson s North Carolina Business Directory 6th ed Raleigh Levi Branson 1884 Archived from the original on March 12 2017 Retrieved August 25 2017 Asheville City Directory Southern Directory Co 1887 Lindsey s Guide Book to Western North Carolina Asheville T H Lindsey 1890 Archived from the original on March 12 2017 Retrieved August 25 2017 Asheville and Vicinity a Handbook of Information Containing an Exhaustive History of Asheville Atlanta J D Eggleston and J S McIlwaine 1897 Archived from the original on March 12 2017 Retrieved August 25 2017 Foster A Sondley February 1898 Asheville s Centenary Asheville Citizen F H Richardson 1905 Asheville N C Richardson s Southern Guide Chicago Monarch Book Company via Internet Archive Asheville United States 4th ed Leipzig K Baedeker 1909 OCLC 02338437 Chisholm Hugh ed 1911 Asheville Encyclopaedia Britannica Vol 2 11th ed Cambridge University Press pp 731 732 John Preston Arthur 1914 County History Buncombe County Western North Carolina a History from 1730 to 1913 Raleigh Edwards amp Broughton pp 143 159 ISBN 9780722207826 Archived from the original on March 12 2017 Retrieved August 25 2017 Includes information about Asheville Everybody Helps Asheville s Unique Method of Raising Money Town Development A Magazine for the Man Who Believes in Himself and in His Town New York 13 December 1914 OCLC 52158201 Archived from the original on March 12 2017 Retrieved August 25 2017 Asheville North Carolina City Directory Commercial Service Co 1921 F A Sondley Theodore Davidson 1922 Asheville and Buncombe County Asheville The Citizen Co Asheville Builds a New City American City Magazine New York Civic Press 35 September 1926 OCLC 29653835 Archived from the original on March 12 2017 Retrieved August 25 2017 Federal Writers Project 1939 Asheville North Carolina a Guide to the Old North State American Guide Series Chapel Hill University of North Carolina Press p 137 City of Asheville 2003 Asheville 2025 Plan archived from the original on August 25 2017 retrieved August 25 2017 Paul T Hellmann 2006 North Carolina Asheville Historical Gazetteer of the United States Taylor amp Francis ISBN 1 135 94859 3 Archived from the original on August 18 2018 Retrieved August 25 2017 Lisa Gregory 2010 Asheville in William S Powell ed Encyclopedia of North Carolina University of North Carolina Press archived from the original on August 14 2017 retrieved August 25 2017 William S Powell Michael Hill 2010 Asheville North Carolina Gazetteer 2nd ed University of North Carolina Press ISBN 978 0 8078 9829 1 Archived from the original on March 12 2017 Retrieved August 25 2017 External links Edit Wikimedia Commons has media related to Asheville North Carolina Official Asheville NC website Asheville North Carolina a National Park Service Discover Our Shared Heritage Travel Itinerary Asheville travel guide by Asheville Convention and Visitors Bureau Asheville travel guide from Wikivoyage North Carolina Room Asheville Pack Memorial Library Collecting and preserving the history of Asheville Buncombe County and western North Carolina Ramsey Library Appalachian Studies Research Guides Asheville University of North Carolina Subject guide Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Asheville North Carolina amp oldid 1134887687, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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