fbpx
Wikipedia

Akvavit

August 18, 2023

Akvavit or aquavit (/ˈɑːkwəviːt, -və-/; also akevitt in Norwegian; aquavit in English) is a distilled spirit that is principally produced in Scandinavia, where it has been produced since the 15th century.[1] Akvavit is distilled from grain or potatoes, and is flavoured with a variety of herbs. It is also popular in Northern Germany.[2]

A bottle of "O.P. Anderson", a Swedish akvavit

Akvavit gets its distinctive flavour from spices and herbs, and the dominant flavour must (according to the European Union) come from a distillate of caraway and/or dill seed. It typically contains 40% alcohol by volume or 80 proof (U.S.) The EU has established a minimum of 37.5% ABV for akvavit to be named as such.[3]

Etymology

The word aquavit derives from the Latin aqua vitae, "water of life." Compare the words whisky or whiskey, from Gaelic uisce beatha, which has the same meaning. Likewise, clear fruit brandy is called eau de vie (French for "water of life").

Drinking culture

Akvavit is an important part of Nordic drinking culture, where it is often drunk during festive gatherings, such as Christmas dinners and the Midsummer celebration, and as an aperitif.[4] In Iceland, Sweden, Denmark and Germany aquavit is chilled and often drunk in a single gulp from a small shot glass. This is usually attributed to tradition.[5] It is not generally chilled in Norway, but enjoyed slowly. In Sweden commonly the aquavit is consumed immediately following a song, called a snapsvisa. The most well-known song is "Helan Går".[6] In Finland and Sweden, aquavit consumed from a shot glass is also commonly associated with crayfish parties, which are traditionally held during late August. In Denmark aquavit is called snaps or akvavit, and is primarily consumed in December during Christmas lunches or around Easter during Easter lunches. It is consumed year round though, mainly for lunches of traditional Danish dishes where beer is also always on the table. In Norway, where most aquavit is matured in oak casks, the drink is served at room temperature in tulip-shaped glasses. Aquavit arguably complements beer well, and its consumption is very often preceded by a swig of beer.[7]

Production

Akvavit must be distilled from an agricultural base, most commonly grain or potatoes.[8] Similarly to gin it is flavored with botanicals. The dominant flavors must be caraway or dill, sometimes both. Swedish Akvavit must also contain fennel in order to be labeled as such. Other common botanicals include: cardamom, cumin, anise, coriander. The Danish distillery Aalborg makes an akvavit distilled with amber which imparts a pine-like citrusy note. The Aalborg brand is now produced in Norway by Arcus Group.

The recipes and flavours differ between brands, with each brand's unique characteristics coming from distillation methods and supporting botanicals in their blends. Un-aged Akvavit is clear while aged Akvavit typically has a pale straw to golden hue depending on how long it has been aged in oak casks (most common in Norway) or the amount of colorant used. Normally, a darker color suggests a higher age or the use of young casks, though artificial caramel colouring and infusing fruits or botanicals for color and flavor is permitted before bottling. Clear akvavit is often called taffel, meaning table aquavit. Taffel aquavit is typically aged in old casks that do not colour the finished spirit or it is not aged at all.

Origin and traditional variants

Dear lord, will your grace know that I send your grace some water with messenger Jon Teiste which is called Aqua vite and the same water helps for all his illness that a man can have internally.

— Lord of Bergenshus castle, Eske Bille

The earliest known reference to "aquavit" is found in a 1531 letter from the Danish Lord of Bergenshus castle, Eske Bille to Olav Engelbrektsson, the last Roman Catholic Archbishop of Norway. The letter, dated April 13, accompanying a package, offers the archbishop "some water which is called Aqua Vite and is a help for all sort of illness which a man can have both internally and externally".[9]

While this claim for the medicinal properties of the drink may be rather inflated, aquavit is popularly believed to ease the digestion of rich foods. In Denmark, it is traditionally associated with Christmas and Easter lunches. In Norway, it is drunk at celebrations, particularly Christmas, Easter or May 17 (Norwegian Constitution Day). In Sweden, it is a staple of the traditional midsummer celebrations dinner, usually drunk while singing one of many drinking songs. It is usually drunk as snaps during meals, especially during the appetizer course – along with pickled herring, crayfish, lutefisk or smoked fish. In this regard, it is popularly quipped that aquavit helps the fish swim down to the stomach.

 
Lysholm Linie Aquavit

It is also a regular on the traditional Norwegian Christmas meals, including roasted rib of pork and rib of lamb (pinnekjøtt). The spices and the alcohol are said to help digest the meal, which is very rich in fat.

Among the most important brands are Løiten, Lysholm, Opland and Simers from Norway, Aalborg and Brøndum from Denmark and O.P. Anderson from Sweden. While the Danish and Swedish variants are normally very light in colour, most of the Norwegian brands are matured in oak casks for at least six months, and for some brands even as long as 12 years, making them generally darker in colour. While members of all three nations can be found to claim that "their" style of aquavit is the best as a matter of national pride, Norwegian akevitt tend to have, if not the most distinctive character, then at least the most overpowering flavour and deepest colour due to the aging process.[citation needed]

Peculiar to the Norwegian tradition are Linje Aquavits (such as "Løiten Linie" and "Lysholm Linie"). Linje Aquavit is named after the tradition of sending oak barrels of aquavit with ships from Norway to Australia and back again, thereby passing the equator ("linje") twice before being bottled. The constant movement, high humidity and fluctuating temperature cause the spirit to extract more flavour and contributes to accelerated maturation.

Norwegian aquavit distillers Anora (former Arcus) has carried out a test where they tried to emulate the rocking of the casks aboard the "Linje" ships while the oak barrels were subjected to the weather elements as they would aboard a ship. The finished product was, according to Anora, far from the taste that a proper linje aquavit should have.[citation needed]

Therefore, to this day boats loaded with "Linie Aquavit" set sail from Norway to Australia and back again before they are bottled and sold as part of the Norwegian Christmas traditions but also enjoyed all year round.

Outside the Nordic countries

Aquavit was seldom produced outside of the Nordic countries but that began to change dramatically starting around 2010, especially in the United States, particularly in areas that have a larger concentrations of people with Nordic heritage. An exception, however, is Northern Germany, and in particular the German state of Schleswig-Holstein, which was part of Denmark until the 19th century (see: History of Schleswig-Holstein) and still has a notable Danish minority. Among the most important German brands are Bommerlunder from Flensburg, Kieler Sprotte from Kiel and Malteserkreuz. The latter brand has been produced in Berlin since 1924 by a subsidiary of Sweden's Vin & Sprit AB (now Pernod Ricard), the producer of many Swedish akvavits, and can be considered a German imitation of the Nordic aquavits, since it is based on an original Danish recipe. Brands from Schleswig-Holstein, however, often have a long history, comparable to their Nordic counterparts. Bommerlunder, for instance, has been made since 1760. Aquavit is also an important part of the traditional cuisine of Schleswig-Holstein. German aquavit is virtually always distilled from fermented grain, and generally has an alcohol content of 38% by volume, marginally less than Scandinavian aquavits.

Psychopomp Microdistillery[10] in Bristol, England, started producing an aquavit (termed 'Aqvavit' due to EU regulations) in 2017. In Canada aquavit is produced by Crosscut Distillery Sudbury, Confluence Distillery, Okanagan Spirits Craft Distillery,[11] Island Spirits Distillery, Long Table Distillery,[12] Spirit of York Distillery Co. in Toronto, Ontario, Newfoundland Distillery Co. in Clarke's Beach, Newfoundland, Compass Distillers in Halifax, Nova Scotia and Sheringham Distillery on Vancouver Island, British Columbia.[13] Many distilleries in the United States produce aquavit, especially in parts of the country with high populations of people of Nordic heritage. Examples include: Colorado, Minnesota, Michigan, Wisconsin, Montana, Illinois, Oregon, New Hampshire and Washington. The Midwest States in particular do quite well for the category and have produced numerous internationally acclaimed /award-winning brands. See List of Akvavit Producers in the United States for brand names and distilleries.

Spellings

See also

  • Brännvin, a more general term that includes unflavoured brands
  • Poitín, an Irish distilled spirit occupying a similar place in the culture

References

  1. ^ Lichine, Alexis. Alexis Lichine’s New Encyclopedia of Wines & Spirits (New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 1987), pp. 80–81. ISBN 0394562623
  2. ^ Marsteller, Amanda. . Food & Wine. Archived from the original on 10 September 2021. Retrieved 10 September 2021.
  3. ^ EU spirits regulation (PDF) Regulation (EC) No 110/2008 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 15 January 2008 on the definition, description, presentation, labelling and the protection of geographical indications of spirit drinks and repealing Council Regulation (EEC) No 1576/89, Appendix II No. 24, Retrieved 2014-02-09.
  4. ^ Nickles, Jane (2015). . Society of Wine Educators. p. 92. Archived from the original on 2016-01-18.
  5. ^ Blue, Anthony Dias (2004). The Complete Book of Spirits: A Guide to Their History, Production, and Enjoyment. New York: HarperCollins Publishers. p. 42. ISBN 0-06-054218-7.
  6. ^ "Traditions – Nordstjernan". www.nordstjernan.com.
  7. ^ Philbrick, Hope S. (2008-08-08). "Drink to your health the Scandinavian way – with aquavit". SFGate. Retrieved 8 August 2008.
  8. ^ "Akvavit". Encyclopædia Britannica. Retrieved 2010-01-10.
  9. ^ A transcription of the original letter can be found here: Diplomatarium Norvegicum – XI p. 630, Date: 13 April 1531. Place: Bergenhus.
    "[...] Kiere herre werdis ether nade wiide att ieg szende ether nade nogit watn mett Jonn Teiste som kallis Aqua vite och hielper szamme watn for alle hande kranchdom som ith menniske kandt haffue indwortis. [...]"
    ("[...] Dear lord, will your grace know that I send your grace some water with Jon Teiste which is called Aqua vite and helps the same water for all his illness that a man can have internally and externally. [...]")
  10. ^ "Psychopomp Microdistillery". www.microdistillery.co.uk.
  11. ^ "Aquavit Archives". Okanagan Spirits.
  12. ^ "Our Spirits". Long Table Distillery.
  13. ^ "Spirits". Sheringham Distillery.

External links

  • Norway's message in a bottle

August 18, 2023
akvavit, aquavit, ɑː, also, akevitt, norwegian, aquavit, english, distilled, spirit, that, principally, produced, scandinavia, where, been, produced, since, 15th, century, distilled, from, grain, potatoes, flavoured, with, variety, herbs, also, popular, northe. Akvavit or aquavit ˈ ɑː k w e v iː t v e also akevitt in Norwegian aquavit in English is a distilled spirit that is principally produced in Scandinavia where it has been produced since the 15th century 1 Akvavit is distilled from grain or potatoes and is flavoured with a variety of herbs It is also popular in Northern Germany 2 A bottle of O P Anderson a Swedish akvavitAkvavit gets its distinctive flavour from spices and herbs and the dominant flavour must according to the European Union come from a distillate of caraway and or dill seed It typically contains 40 alcohol by volume or 80 proof U S The EU has established a minimum of 37 5 ABV for akvavit to be named as such 3 Contents 1 Etymology 2 Drinking culture 3 Production 4 Origin and traditional variants 5 Outside the Nordic countries 6 Spellings 7 See also 8 References 9 External linksEtymology EditThe word aquavit derives from the Latin aqua vitae water of life Compare the words whisky or whiskey from Gaelic uisce beatha which has the same meaning Likewise clear fruit brandy is called eau de vie French for water of life Drinking culture EditAkvavit is an important part of Nordic drinking culture where it is often drunk during festive gatherings such as Christmas dinners and the Midsummer celebration and as an aperitif 4 In Iceland Sweden Denmark and Germany aquavit is chilled and often drunk in a single gulp from a small shot glass This is usually attributed to tradition 5 It is not generally chilled in Norway but enjoyed slowly In Sweden commonly the aquavit is consumed immediately following a song called a snapsvisa The most well known song is Helan Gar 6 In Finland and Sweden aquavit consumed from a shot glass is also commonly associated with crayfish parties which are traditionally held during late August In Denmark aquavit is called snaps or akvavit and is primarily consumed in December during Christmas lunches or around Easter during Easter lunches It is consumed year round though mainly for lunches of traditional Danish dishes where beer is also always on the table In Norway where most aquavit is matured in oak casks the drink is served at room temperature in tulip shaped glasses Aquavit arguably complements beer well and its consumption is very often preceded by a swig of beer 7 Production EditAkvavit must be distilled from an agricultural base most commonly grain or potatoes 8 Similarly to gin it is flavored with botanicals The dominant flavors must be caraway or dill sometimes both Swedish Akvavit must also contain fennel in order to be labeled as such Other common botanicals include cardamom cumin anise coriander The Danish distillery Aalborg makes an akvavit distilled with amber which imparts a pine like citrusy note The Aalborg brand is now produced in Norway by Arcus Group The recipes and flavours differ between brands with each brand s unique characteristics coming from distillation methods and supporting botanicals in their blends Un aged Akvavit is clear while aged Akvavit typically has a pale straw to golden hue depending on how long it has been aged in oak casks most common in Norway or the amount of colorant used Normally a darker color suggests a higher age or the use of young casks though artificial caramel colouring and infusing fruits or botanicals for color and flavor is permitted before bottling Clear akvavit is often called taffel meaning table aquavit Taffel aquavit is typically aged in old casks that do not colour the finished spirit or it is not aged at all Origin and traditional variants EditDear lord will your grace know that I send your grace some water with messenger Jon Teiste which is called Aqua vite and the same water helps for all his illness that a man can have internally Lord of Bergenshus castle Eske Bille The earliest known reference to aquavit is found in a 1531 letter from the Danish Lord of Bergenshus castle Eske Bille to Olav Engelbrektsson the last Roman Catholic Archbishop of Norway The letter dated April 13 accompanying a package offers the archbishop some water which is called Aqua Vite and is a help for all sort of illness which a man can have both internally and externally 9 While this claim for the medicinal properties of the drink may be rather inflated aquavit is popularly believed to ease the digestion of rich foods In Denmark it is traditionally associated with Christmas and Easter lunches In Norway it is drunk at celebrations particularly Christmas Easter or May 17 Norwegian Constitution Day In Sweden it is a staple of the traditional midsummer celebrations dinner usually drunk while singing one of many drinking songs It is usually drunk as snaps during meals especially during the appetizer course along with pickled herring crayfish lutefisk or smoked fish In this regard it is popularly quipped that aquavit helps the fish swim down to the stomach Lysholm Linie AquavitIt is also a regular on the traditional Norwegian Christmas meals including roasted rib of pork and rib of lamb pinnekjott The spices and the alcohol are said to help digest the meal which is very rich in fat Among the most important brands are Loiten Lysholm Opland and Simers from Norway Aalborg and Brondum from Denmark and O P Anderson from Sweden While the Danish and Swedish variants are normally very light in colour most of the Norwegian brands are matured in oak casks for at least six months and for some brands even as long as 12 years making them generally darker in colour While members of all three nations can be found to claim that their style of aquavit is the best as a matter of national pride Norwegian akevitt tend to have if not the most distinctive character then at least the most overpowering flavour and deepest colour due to the aging process citation needed Peculiar to the Norwegian tradition are Linje Aquavits such as Loiten Linie and Lysholm Linie Linje Aquavit is named after the tradition of sending oak barrels of aquavit with ships from Norway to Australia and back again thereby passing the equator linje twice before being bottled The constant movement high humidity and fluctuating temperature cause the spirit to extract more flavour and contributes to accelerated maturation Norwegian aquavit distillers Anora former Arcus has carried out a test where they tried to emulate the rocking of the casks aboard the Linje ships while the oak barrels were subjected to the weather elements as they would aboard a ship The finished product was according to Anora far from the taste that a proper linje aquavit should have citation needed Therefore to this day boats loaded with Linie Aquavit set sail from Norway to Australia and back again before they are bottled and sold as part of the Norwegian Christmas traditions but also enjoyed all year round Outside the Nordic countries EditAquavit was seldom produced outside of the Nordic countries but that began to change dramatically starting around 2010 especially in the United States particularly in areas that have a larger concentrations of people with Nordic heritage An exception however is Northern Germany and in particular the German state of Schleswig Holstein which was part of Denmark until the 19th century see History of Schleswig Holstein and still has a notable Danish minority Among the most important German brands are Bommerlunder from Flensburg Kieler Sprotte from Kiel and Malteserkreuz The latter brand has been produced in Berlin since 1924 by a subsidiary of Sweden s Vin amp Sprit AB now Pernod Ricard the producer of many Swedish akvavits and can be considered a German imitation of the Nordic aquavits since it is based on an original Danish recipe Brands from Schleswig Holstein however often have a long history comparable to their Nordic counterparts Bommerlunder for instance has been made since 1760 Aquavit is also an important part of the traditional cuisine of Schleswig Holstein German aquavit is virtually always distilled from fermented grain and generally has an alcohol content of 38 by volume marginally less than Scandinavian aquavits Psychopomp Microdistillery 10 in Bristol England started producing an aquavit termed Aqvavit due to EU regulations in 2017 In Canada aquavit is produced by Crosscut Distillery Sudbury Confluence Distillery Okanagan Spirits Craft Distillery 11 Island Spirits Distillery Long Table Distillery 12 Spirit of York Distillery Co in Toronto Ontario Newfoundland Distillery Co in Clarke s Beach Newfoundland Compass Distillers in Halifax Nova Scotia and Sheringham Distillery on Vancouver Island British Columbia 13 Many distilleries in the United States produce aquavit especially in parts of the country with high populations of people of Nordic heritage Examples include Colorado Minnesota Michigan Wisconsin Montana Illinois Oregon New Hampshire and Washington The Midwest States in particular do quite well for the category and have produced numerous internationally acclaimed award winning brands See List of Akvavit Producers in the United States for brand names and distilleries Spellings EditDanish Akvavit Snaps Braendevin or Dram Norwegian Akevitt Brennevin or Dram Swedish Akvavit Snaps or Kryddat brannvin Dutch Aquavit English Aquavit or Akvavit Faroese Akvavitt Estonian Akvaviit Finnish Akvaviitti French Aquavit German Aquavit Ko o m Icelandic Akaviti Italian Acquavite Polish Okowita Portuguese Aquavit Ukraine OkovitaSee also Edit Liquor portal Drink portalBrannvin a more general term that includes unflavoured brands Poitin an Irish distilled spirit occupying a similar place in the cultureReferences Edit Lichine Alexis Alexis Lichine s New Encyclopedia of Wines amp Spirits New York Alfred A Knopf 1987 pp 80 81 ISBN 0394562623 Marsteller Amanda 10 Fascinating Things You Didn t Know About Aquavit Food amp Wine Archived from the original on 10 September 2021 Retrieved 10 September 2021 EU spirits regulation PDF Regulation EC No 110 2008 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 15 January 2008 on the definition description presentation labelling and the protection of geographical indications of spirit drinks and repealing Council Regulation EEC No 1576 89 Appendix II No 24 Retrieved 2014 02 09 Nickles Jane 2015 Certified Specialist of Spirits Study Guide Society of Wine Educators p 92 Archived from the original on 2016 01 18 Blue Anthony Dias 2004 The Complete Book of Spirits A Guide to Their History Production and Enjoyment New York HarperCollins Publishers p 42 ISBN 0 06 054218 7 Traditions Nordstjernan www nordstjernan com Philbrick Hope S 2008 08 08 Drink to your health the Scandinavian way with aquavit SFGate Retrieved 8 August 2008 Akvavit Encyclopaedia Britannica Retrieved 2010 01 10 A transcription of the original letter can be found here Diplomatarium Norvegicum XI p 630 Date 13 April 1531 Place Bergenhus Kiere herre werdis ether nade wiide att ieg szende ether nade nogit watn mett Jonn Teiste som kallis Aqua vite och hielper szamme watn for alle hande kranchdom som ith menniske kandt haffue indwortis Dear lord will your grace know that I send your grace some water with Jon Teiste which is called Aqua vite and helps the same water for all his illness that a man can have internally and externally Psychopomp Microdistillery www microdistillery co uk Aquavit Archives Okanagan Spirits Our Spirits Long Table Distillery Spirits Sheringham Distillery External links EditNorway s message in a bottle Rituals A Pour A Staredown A Civilized Bonding Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Akvavit amp oldid 1166354495, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

article

, read, download, free, free download, mp3, video, mp4, 3gp, jpg, jpeg, gif, png, picture, music, song, movie, book, game, games.