This article or section should specify the language of its non-English content, using {{lang}}, {{transliteration}} for transliterated languages, and {{IPA}} for phonetic transcriptions, with an appropriate ISO 639 code. Wikipedia's multilingual support templates may also be used.See why.(January 2024)
The Sumerian term É.GAL (𒂍𒃲,"palace", literally "big house") denoted a city's main building. É.LUGAL (𒂍𒈗,"king's house") was used synonymously. In the texts of Lagash, the É.GAL is the center of the ensi's administration of the city, and the site of the city archives.[4] Sumerian É.GAL is the probable etymology of Semitic words for "palace, temple", such as Hebrew היכל heikhal,[5] and Arabic هيكل haykal. It has thus been speculated that the word É originated from something akin to *hai or *ˀai, especially since the cuneiform sign È is used for /a/ in Eblaite.
The term TEMEN (𒋼) appearing frequently after É in names of ziggurats is translated as "foundation pegs", apparently the first step in the construction process of a house; compare, for example, verses 551–561 of the account of the construction of E-ninnu:
He stretched out lines in the most perfect way; he set up (?) a sanctuary in the holy uzga. In the house, Enki drove in the foundation pegs, while Nanshe, the daughter of Eridu, took care of the oracular messages. The mother of Lagash, holy Gatumdug, gave birth to its bricks amid cries (?), and Bau, the lady, first-born daughter of An, sprinkled them with oil and cedar essence. En and lagar priests were detailed to the house to provide maintenance for it. The Anuna gods stood there full of admiration.
Temen has been occasionally compared to Greek temenos "holy precinct", but the latter has a well established Indo-European etymology (from *temə- meaning to cut).[6]
In E-temen-an-ki, "the temple of the foundation (pegs) of heaven and earth", temen has been taken to refer to an axis mundi connecting earth to heaven (thus re-enforcing the Tower of Babel connection), but the term re-appears in several other temple names, referring to their physical stability rather than, or as well as, to a mythological world axis; compare the Egyptian notion of Djed.
E-nun-ana (House of the prince of heaven), temple to Utu in Sippar
E-nutura
E-puḫruma
E-sag-il "temple that raises its head", the temple of Marduk in Babylon, according to the Enuma elish home to all the gods under the patronage of Marduk.
^Budge, E. A. Wallis (Ernst Alfred Wallis) (1922). A guide to the Babylonian and Assyrian antiquities. British Museum. p. 22.
^The word is phonologically simply /e/; the acute accent is an assyriological convention specifying the corresponding cuneiform sign.
^Aage Westenholz, Old Sumerian and old Akkadian texts in Philadelphia, Volume 3 of Carsten Niebuhr Institute Publications, Volume 1 of Bibliotheca Mesopotamica, Museum Tusculanum Press, 1987, ISBN978-87-7289-008-1,p. 96
^The New Brown-Driver-Briggs-Gesenius Hebrew-English Lexicon by Francis Brown et al. (ISBN0-913573-20-5), p. 228
temple, this, article, section, should, specify, language, english, content, using, lang, transliteration, transliterated, languages, phonetic, transcriptions, with, appropriate, code, wikipedia, multilingual, support, templates, also, used, january, 2024, cun. This article or section should specify the language of its non English content using lang transliteration for transliterated languages and IPA for phonetic transcriptions with an appropriate ISO 639 code Wikipedia s multilingual support templates may also be used See why January 2024 E Cuneiform 𒂍 3 is the Sumerian word or symbol for house or temple E Cuneiform 𒂍 Wall plaque showing libations by devotees and a naked priest to a seated god and a temple Ur 2500 BCE 1 Evolution of the word Temple Sumerian E in cuneiform from a 2500 BCE relief in Ur to Assyrian cuneiform circa 600 BCE 2 Neo Assyrian form of the E sign The Sumerian term E GAL 𒂍𒃲 palace literally big house denoted a city s main building E LUGAL 𒂍𒈗 king s house was used synonymously In the texts of Lagash the E GAL is the center of the ensi s administration of the city and the site of the city archives 4 Sumerian E GAL is the probable etymology of Semitic words for palace temple such as Hebrew היכל heikhal 5 and Arabic هيكل haykal It has thus been speculated that the word E originated from something akin to hai or ˀai especially since the cuneiform sign E is used for a in Eblaite The term TEMEN 𒋼 appearing frequently after E in names of ziggurats is translated as foundation pegs apparently the first step in the construction process of a house compare for example verses 551 561 of the account of the construction of E ninnu He stretched out lines in the most perfect way he set up a sanctuary in the holy uzga In the house Enki drove in the foundation pegs while Nanshe the daughter of Eridu took care of the oracular messages The mother of Lagash holy Gatumdug gave birth to its bricks amid cries and Bau the lady first born daughter of An sprinkled them with oil and cedar essence En and lagar priests were detailed to the house to provide maintenance for it The Anuna gods stood there full of admiration Temen has been occasionally compared to Greek temenos holy precinct but the latter has a well established Indo European etymology from teme meaning to cut 6 In E temen an ki the temple of the foundation pegs of heaven and earth temen has been taken to refer to an axis mundi connecting earth to heaven thus re enforcing the Tower of Babel connection but the term re appears in several other temple names referring to their physical stability rather than or as well as to a mythological world axis compare the Egyptian notion of Djed Contents 1 List of specific temples 2 See also 3 Notes 4 ReferencesList of specific temples editE ab lu a 𒂍𒀖𒇻𒀀 House with teeming cattle temple to Suen in Urum E ab sag a la 𒂍𒀊𒊮𒀀𒇲 House which stretches over the midst of the sea temple to Ninmarki in Gu aba E abzu 𒂍𒍪𒀊 temple of the abzu also E engura House of the subterranean waters temple to Enki in Eridu E ad da 𒂍𒀜𒁕 temple to Enlil E akkil 𒂍𒃰𒋺𒋛 House of lamentation temple to Ninshubur in Akkil E am kur kurra 𒂍𒆳 temple of the lord of lands to Bel in Assur E dama gestin mother of wine E ama lamma E da mal temple in Babylon E amas azag temple of the bright fold in Dur ilu E ana House of heaven temple to Inanna in Uruk E an da di a the ziggurat of Akkad E an ki temple of heaven and earth E a nun temple of Lugal girra E an za kar temple of the pillar E a ra li temple of the underworld E a ra zu gis tug temple of the hearing of prayers E das dmaḫ temple of the supreme god E das ra tum temple to the goddess Ashratum E babbar Shining house temple to Utu in Larsa E bara igi e di temple of wonders ziggurat to Dumuzi in Akkad E bagara E dbau temple to the goddess Bau in Lagash E belit mati temple to the mother of the world E bur sigsig House with beautiful bowls temple to Shara in Umma E dbur dsin temple to the deified king Bur Sin in Ur E dam built by Ur Nanshe in Lagash E dara an na temple of the darkness of heaven E di kud kalam ma temple of the judge of the world E Dilmuna temple of Dilmun in Ur E dim an na temple of the bond of heaven built by Nebuchadnezzar for Sin E dim gal abzu in Lagash E dim gal kalama House which is the great pole of the Land temple to Ishtaran in Der E du azaga temple of the brilliant shrine to Marduk E du kug House of the sheer heap in Eridu Nippur E dub Storage house temple to Zababa in Kish Sumer E dubba scribal schools E duga E dumi zi abzu to Dumuzi abzu destroyed in the time of Urukagina E ddun gi temple to the deified king Dungi E dur gi na temple of the lasting abode built by Nebuchadnezzar E de a shrine to Ea Enki at Khorsabad built by Sargon E engura House of the subterranean waters also E abzu temple to Enki in Eridu E esdam kug in Girsu E gida Long house temple to Ninazu in Enegir E gud du shar House with numerous perfect oxen temple of Ningublaga in Ki abrig E ĝa duda House chamber of the mound temple to Shu zi ana in Nga gi mah E ĝa ĝis sua E ĝalga sud House which spreads counsel far and wide temple to Bau goddess in Iri kug E ĝestug Nisaba House of the Wisdom of Nisaba in Ur E ĝipar in Uruk E ĝiskesda kalama The House which is the bond of the Land temple to Nergal in Kutha E ḫamun The House of Harmony E ḫursaĝ The House which is a hill of Shulgi in Ur E ḫus E ibe Anu temple to Urash in Dilbat E igi kalama House which is the eye of the Land of Lugal Marada Ninurta in Marad E igi su galam E igi zi d bar ra temple to Ningirsu built by Entemena E igizu uru House your face is mighty temple to Ninshubur in Akkil E Iri kug E itida buru E kis nu ĝal House sending light to the earth temple to Nanna in Ur E kug nuna temple to Inanna in Uruk E kur mountain temple to Enlil in Nippur E ku nin azag temple of the brilliant goddess in Girsu E maḫ Great house temple to Shara in Umma E maḫ Great house temple to Ninhursanga in Adab E me ur ana House which gathers the divine powers of heaven temple to Ninurta in Nippur E me urur E melem ḫus House of terrifying radiance temple to Nuska in Nippur E meslam temple of Nergal E mu maḫ House with a great name E mud kura in Ur E mus House which is the precinct or E mush kalama temple to Lulal in Bad tibira E namtila E ni guru E nin gara E ninnu House of 50 temple to Ningirsu in Lagash E a mer the ziggurat of E ninnu E nun the abzu in Eridu E nun ana House of the prince of heaven temple to Utu in Sippar E nutura E puḫruma E sag il temple that raises its head the temple of Marduk in Babylon according to the Enuma elish home to all the gods under the patronage of Marduk E sara Cuneiform E2SAR A House of the Universe dedicated to Inanna in Uruk by Ur Nammu E sikil pure house temple to Ninazu in Eshnunna E sila E Sirara E sag ḫula in Kazallu E sara in Adab E seg mese du in Isin E sensena to Ninlil E serzid guru House clad in splendour temple to Inanna in Zabala E su me sa House which deals being rouge temple to Ninurta in Nippur E suga Merry house E tar sirsir E temen anki temple of the foundation of heaven and earth the ziggurat to Marduk in Babylon E temen ni guru main ziggurat of Ur E tilla maḫ E Tummal Tummal House temple to Ninlil in Nippur E tur kalama E uduna built by Amar Suena E Ulmas in Akkad E unir House of gaze reach temple to Enki in Eridu E uru ga E zagin Lapis lazuli house temple to Nisaba in Uruk E zida temple to Nabu E zi Kalam ma to Inanna in Zabala built by HammurabiSee also edit nbsp Asia portalZiggurat Bayt Bethel Israel Bethel god TemenosNotes edit For a better image Budge E A Wallis Ernst Alfred Wallis 1922 A guide to the Babylonian and Assyrian antiquities British Museum p 22 The word is phonologically simply e the acute accent is an assyriological convention specifying the corresponding cuneiform sign Aage Westenholz Old Sumerian and old Akkadian texts in Philadelphia Volume 3 of Carsten Niebuhr Institute Publications Volume 1 of Bibliotheca Mesopotamica Museum Tusculanum Press 1987 ISBN 978 87 7289 008 1 p 96 The New Brown Driver Briggs Gesenius Hebrew English Lexicon by Francis Brown et al ISBN 0 913573 20 5 p 228 Appendix I Indo European Roots References editThe building of Ningirsu s temple composite text translation The Electronic Text Corpus of Sumerian Literature Abraham and the City of Ur The Book of the Cave of Treasures 1927 Luckenbill D D 1908 The Temples of Babylonia and Assyria The American Journal of Semitic Languages and Literatures 24 4 291 322 doi 10 1086 369611 ISSN 1062 0516 JSTOR 527646 S2CID 170727380 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title E temple amp oldid 1195264006, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
