Bel was especially used for the Babylonian god Marduk in Assyrian and neo-Babylonian personal names or mentioned in inscriptions in a Mesopotamian context. Similarly, Bêlit mostly refers to Marduk's spouse Sarpanit. Marduk's mother, the Sumerian goddess often referred to in the Sumerian language as Ninhursag, Damkina, and Ninmah, was often known as Belit-ili ("Lady of the Gods") in Akkadian.
Other gods called "Lord" were sometimes identified totally or in part with Bel Marduk. The god Malak-bel of Palmyra is an example, attested as a messenger of Bel but existing as a deity separate to Bel/Marduk. Similarly, Zeus Belus mentioned by Sanchuniathon as born to Cronus/El in Peraea is unlikely to be Marduk. Early translators of Akkadian believed that the ideogram for the god called Enlil in Sumerian was to be read as Bel in Akkadian. Current scholarship holds this as incorrect, but Bel is used in referring to Enlil in older translations and discussions.[1]
A god named Bel was the chief-god of Palmyra, Syria in pre-Hellenistic times, being worshipped alongside the gods Aglibol and Yarhibol.[3] Originally, he was known as Bol,[4] after the Northwestern Semitic word Ba'al[5] (usually used to refer to the god Hadad), until the cult of Bel-Marduk spread to Palmyra and by 213 BC, Bol was renamed to Bel.[4] The Temple of Bel in Palmrya, Syria was dedicated to this god. The temple has since been destroyed by ISIS.[6]
^James Orr (1915). The International Standard Bible Encyclopaedia. Howard-Severance Company. pp. 349–. Retrieved 4 April 2013.
^Bhayro, Siam (2020-02-10). "Cosmology in Mandaean Texts". Hellenistic Astronomy. Brill. pp. 572–579. doi:10.1163/9789004400566_046. ISBN9789004243361. S2CID 213438712. Retrieved 2021-09-03.
^Rostovtzeff, M. I. (1932). "The Caravan-Gods of Palmyra". The Journal of Roman Studies. Society for the Promotion of Roman Studies. 22: 107–116. doi:10.2307/297093. JSTOR 297093. S2CID 163542083.
^ abTeixidor, Javier (1979). The Pantheon of Palmyra. Brill Archive. ISBN9004059873.
^Drijvers, H. J. W. (1980). Cults and Beliefs at Edessa. Brill Archive. ISBN9004060502.
Bartleby: American Heritage Dictionary: Semitic Roots: bcl (Dead link. 15 October 2008 at the Wayback Machine)
January 12, 2023
mythology, this, article, needs, additional, citations, verification, please, help, improve, this, article, adding, citations, reliable, sources, unsourced, material, challenged, removed, find, sources, mythology, news, newspapers, books, scholar, jstor, april. This article needs additional citations for verification Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources Unsourced material may be challenged and removed Find sources Bel mythology news newspapers books scholar JSTOR April 2013 Learn how and when to remove this template message Bel ˈ b eɪ l from Akkadian belu is a title signifying lord or master applied to various gods in the Mesopotamian religion of Akkad Assyria and Babylonia The feminine form is Belit Lady Mistress in Akkadian Bel is represented in Greek as Belos and in Latin as Belus Belit appears in Greek form as Beltis Beltis Linguistically Bel is an East Semitic form cognate with the Northwest Semitic Baal with the same meaning Bel was especially used for the Babylonian god Marduk in Assyrian and neo Babylonian personal names or mentioned in inscriptions in a Mesopotamian context Similarly Belit mostly refers to Marduk s spouse Sarpanit Marduk s mother the Sumerian goddess often referred to in the Sumerian language as Ninhursag Damkina and Ninmah was often known as Belit ili Lady of the Gods in Akkadian Other gods called Lord were sometimes identified totally or in part with Bel Marduk The god Malak bel of Palmyra is an example attested as a messenger of Bel but existing as a deity separate to Bel Marduk Similarly Zeus Belus mentioned by Sanchuniathon as born to Cronus El in Peraea is unlikely to be Marduk Early translators of Akkadian believed that the ideogram for the god called Enlil in Sumerian was to be read as Bel in Akkadian Current scholarship holds this as incorrect but Bel is used in referring to Enlil in older translations and discussions 1 In Mandaean cosmology the name for Jupiter is Bil ࡁࡉࡋ which is derived from the name Bel 2 Contents 1 Bel of Palmyra Syria 2 See also 3 References 4 External linksBel of Palmyra Syria EditA god named Bel was the chief god of Palmyra Syria in pre Hellenistic times being worshipped alongside the gods Aglibol and Yarhibol 3 Originally he was known as Bol 4 after the Northwestern Semitic word Ba al 5 usually used to refer to the god Hadad until the cult of Bel Marduk spread to Palmyra and by 213 BC Bol was renamed to Bel 4 The Temple of Bel in Palmrya Syria was dedicated to this god The temple has since been destroyed by ISIS 6 Bel of Palmyra Syria depicted on the far left alongside Ba alshamin Yarhibol and Aglibol on a relief from Palmyra Fortified gate of the Temple of Bel in Palmyra SyriaSee also EditBa al Bel and the Dragon Belial Belus disambiguation Belus Assyrian Belus Babylonian Belus Egyptian EN cuneiform Marduk List of Mesopotamian deitiesReferences Edit James Orr 1915 The International Standard Bible Encyclopaedia Howard Severance Company pp 349 Retrieved 4 April 2013 Bhayro Siam 2020 02 10 Cosmology in Mandaean Texts Hellenistic Astronomy Brill pp 572 579 doi 10 1163 9789004400566 046 ISBN 9789004243361 S2CID 213438712 Retrieved 2021 09 03 Rostovtzeff M I 1932 The Caravan Gods of Palmyra The Journal of Roman Studies Society for the Promotion of Roman Studies 22 107 116 doi 10 2307 297093 JSTOR 297093 S2CID 163542083 a b Teixidor Javier 1979 The Pantheon of Palmyra Brill Archive ISBN 9004059873 Drijvers H J W 1980 Cults and Beliefs at Edessa Brill Archive ISBN 9004060502 Romey Kristin 26 August 2015 How Ancient Palmyra Now in ISIS s Grip Grew Rich and Powerful National Geographic News National Geographic Society National Geographic Partners LLC Retrieved 30 November 2019 External links Edit Wikimedia Commons has media related to Baal Bartleby American Heritage Dictionary Semitic Roots bcl Dead link Archived 15 October 2008 at the Wayback Machine Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Bel mythology amp oldid 1113527547, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
