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Girsu

February 15, 2024

Girsu (Sumerian Ĝirsu;[1] cuneiform ĝir2-suki 𒄈𒋢𒆠) was a city of ancient Sumer, situated some 25 km (16 mi) northwest of Lagash, at the site of what is now Tell Telloh in Dhi Qar Governorate, Iraq.

Girsu
Archaeological remains of constructions at Tello/Girsu
Shown within Iraq
Alternative nameTell Telloh
LocationDhi Qar Province, Iraq
RegionSumer
Coordinates31°33′43.3″N 46°10′39.3″E / 31.562028°N 46.177583°E / 31.562028; 46.177583
TypeSettlement
History
PeriodsEarly Dynastic, Ur III
Site notes
Excavation dates1929–1933, 2017
ArchaeologistsHenri de Genouillac, André Parrot

History edit

 
Terracotta stamp seal with Master of Animals motif, Tell Telloh, ancient Girsu, End of Ubaid period, c. 4000 BC. Louvre Museum AO15388.[2]

Girsu was possibly inhabited in the Ubaid period (5300-4800 BC), but significant levels of activity began in the Early Dynastic period (2900-2335 BC). At the time of Gudea, during the Second Dynasty of Lagash, Girsu became the capital of the Lagash kingdom and continued to be its religious center after political power had shifted to the city of Lagash.[3] During the Ur III period, Girsu was a major administrative center for the empire. After the fall of Ur, Girsu declined in importance, but remained inhabited until c. 200 BC. A 4th century BC bilingual Greek/Aramaic inscription was found there.[4]

Archaeology edit

The site consists of two main mounds, one rising 50 feet above the plain and the other 56 feet. A number of small mounds dot the site. Telloh was the first Sumerian site to be extensively excavated, at first under the French vice-consul at Basra, Ernest de Sarzec, in eleven campaigns between 1877 and 1900, followed by his successor Gaston Cros from 1903–1909.[5][6][7][8] Finds included an alabaster statue of a woman, with copper bracelets coated in gold and a fragment of a stone lion carved dish with a partial Sumerian inscription.[9][10] In 1879 the site was visited by Hormuzd Rassam.[11]

Excavations continued under Abbé Henri de Genouillac in 1929–1931 and under André Parrot in 1931–1933.[12][13][14] It was at Girsu that the fragments of the Stele of the Vultures were found. The site has suffered from poor excavation standards and also from illegal excavations. About 50,000 cuneiform tablets have been recovered from the site.[15] [16][17]

Excavations at Telloh resumed in 2016 as part of a training program for Iraqi archaeologists organized by the British Museum.[18][19] A foundation tablet and a number of inscribed building cones have been found. In the 5th season, in autumn 2019, work concentrated on the Mound of the Palace where E-ninnu, a temple to Ningirsu, had been found in earlier seasons.[20] In March 2020, archaeologists announced the discovery of a 5,000-year-old cultic area filled with more than 300 broken ceremonial ceramic cups, bowls, jars, animal sacrifices, and ritual processions dedicated to Ningirsu.[21][22] One of the remains was a duck-shaped bronze figurine with eyes made from bark which is thought to be dedicated to Nanshe.[23] An Indus Valley weight was also found. In February 2023, archaeologists from British Museum and Getty Museum revealed the remains of the 4,500 year-old Sumerian Lord Palace of the Kings alongside more than 200 cuneiform tablets containing administrative records of Girsu. The E-ninnu temple (Temple of the White Thunderbird), the primary sanctuary of the Sumerian warrior god Ningirsu was also identified during the excavations.[24][25]

In 2023, British Museum experts have suggested the possibility that a Greek temple at Girsu was founded by Alexander the Great. According to the researchers, recent discoveries suggest that "this site honours Zeus and two divine sons. The sons are Heracles and Alexander."[26]

Gallery edit

Ubaid IV artifacts (4700–4200 BC) in Girsu edit

  •  
    Ubaid IV pottery gobelet, 4700–4200 BC Tello, ancient Girsu. Louvre Museum.[27]
  •  
    Ubaid IV pottery jars 4700–4200 BC Tello, ancient Girsu, Louvre Museum.[28]
  •  
    Ubaid IV pottery 4700–4200 BC Tello, ancient Girsu, Louvre Museum AO 15338.[29]
  •  
    Female figurines Ubaid IV, Tello, ancient Girsu, 4700–4200 BC. Louvre Museum AO15327.[30]

Uruk Period artifacts (4000–3100) edit

See also: Uruk period
  •  
    Uruk period vase. Terracotta, ca. 3500–2900 BC. From Telloh, ancient city of Girsu. Louvre Museum.
  •  
    Vase. Terracotta with red slip, ca. 3500–2900 BC. From Telloh, ancient city of Girsu. Louvre Museum.
  •  
    Vase. Terracotta, ca. 3500–2900 BC. From Telloh, ancient city of Girsu.
  •  
    Indus seal impression discovered in Telloh, a result of Indus-Mesopotamia relations.[31][32]

Early dynastic artifacts in Girsu (3rd millennium BC) edit

  •  
    Ring of Gold, Carnelian, Lapis Lazuli, Tello, ancient Girsu, mid-3rd millennium BC. Louvre Museum.
  •  
    An account of barley rations issued monthly to adults and children written in Cuneiform on clay tablet, written in year 4 of King Urukagina (c. 2350 BC). From Girsu, Iraq. British Museum, London.
  •  
    Telloh doorway erected by Gudea (c. 2100 BC)

See also edit

 
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Girsu.

Notes edit

  1. ^ Because of the initial nasal velar ŋ, the transcription of Ĝirsu is sometimes spelled as Ngirsu (also: G̃irsu, Girsu, Jirsu).
  2. ^ "Site officiel du musée du Louvre". cartelfr.louvre.fr.
  3. ^ Edzard, Dietz Otto (1997). Gudea and his dynasty. Toronto: University of Toronto Press. ISBN 978-1-4426-7555-1. OCLC 809041550.
  4. ^ Naveh J. 1970. The Development of the Aramaic Script (Proceedings of the Israel Academy of Sciences and Humanities 5/1). Jerusalem
  5. ^ de Sarzec, Ernest (1884–1912). Découvertes en Chaldée (in French). Paris: Ernest Leroux.
  6. ^ de Sarzec, E. (1892). "Deux tablettes archaïques de Tello". Revue d'Assyriologie et d'Archéologie Orientale (in French). 2 (4): 146–149. JSTOR 23284262.
  7. ^ Cros, Gaston (1910). Nouvelles Fouilles de Tello (in French). Paris: Ernest Laroux.
  8. ^ Hilprecht, H.V. (1904). The Excavations in Assyria and Babylonia. Philadelphia, USA: A.J. Holman.
  9. ^ Thomas, Ariane (2016). "The faded splendour of Lagashite princesses: a restored statuette from Tello and the depiction of court women in the Neo-Sumerian kingdom of Lagash". Iraq. 78: 215–239. doi:10.1017/irq.2016.4.
  10. ^ Desset, F.; Marchesi, G.; Vidale, M.; Pignatti, J. (2016). "A sculpted dish from Tello made of a rare stone (Louvre–AO 153)". Journal of Near Eastern Studies. 75 (1): 71–84. doi:10.1086/684811. hdl:11573/925127.
  11. ^ Verderame, Lorenzo. "Rassam’s Activity in Tello (1879) and the Earliest Acquisition of Neo-Sumerian Tablets in the British Museum" on the Third Dynasty of Ur. Studies in Honor of Marcel Sigrist. ed. by Piotr Michalowski. - Boston: American Schools of Oriental Research 2008 (Journal of Cuneiform Studies supplemental series 1), 2008
  12. ^ Fouilles de Telloh I: Epoques presargoniques, Abbé Henri de Genouillac, Paris, 1934
  13. ^ Fouilles de Telloh II: Epoques d'Ur III Dynastie et de Larsa, Abbé Henri de Genouillac, Paris, 1936
  14. ^ Parrot, André (1948). Tello: Vingt Campagnes de Fouilles (1877–1933) (in French). Paris: Albin Michel.
  15. ^ [1]Barton, George A, "Haverford Library Collection, Cuneiform Tablets, Documents From The Temple Archives Of Telloh, Part I", The John C Winston Company, Philadelphia PA, 1901
  16. ^ [2]Barton, George A, "Haverford Library Collection, Cuneiform Tablets, Documents From The Temple Archives Of Telloh, Part II", The John C Winston Company, Philadelphia PA, 1905
  17. ^ [3]Barton, George A, "Haverford Library Collection, Cuneiform Tablets, Documents From The Temple Archives Of Telloh, Part III", The John C Winston Company, Philadelphia PA, 1914
  18. ^ "The Iraq Emergency Heritage Management Training Scheme". American Society of Overseas Research (ASOR). 2018. Retrieved 2021-07-21.
  19. ^ "Tello". The British Museum. Retrieved 2022-06-13.
  20. ^ Rey, Sebastien, "Tello/Girsu: first results of the autumn 2019 archaeological season", Sumer Journal of Archaeology of Iraq, 66, 2020
  21. ^ Weiss, Daniel (2020). "Temple of the White Thunderbird". Archaeology. January/February: 38–45.
  22. ^ "Ancient cultic area for warrior-god uncovered in Iraq". Live Science. 31 March 2020.
  23. ^ Gavin (2020-04-11). "Ancient cultic area for warrior-god uncovered in Iraq". Most Interesting Things. Retrieved 2020-08-31.
  24. ^ Thomas, Tobi (2023-02-17). "Discovery of 4,500-year-old palace in Iraq may hold key to ancient civilisation". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved 2023-02-23.
  25. ^ Ho, Karen K. (2023-02-21). "Archaeologists Discover Remains of 4,500-Year-Old Lost Ancient Palace in Iraq". ARTnews.com. Retrieved 2023-02-23.
  26. ^ "Ancient Iraqis may have worshipped Alexander the Great, says British Museum". from the original on 21 November 2023. Retrieved 18 November 2023.
  27. ^ "Site officiel du musée du Louvre". cartelfr.louvre.fr.
  28. ^ "Site officiel du musée du Louvre". cartelfr.louvre.fr.
  29. ^ "Site officiel du musée du Louvre". cartelfr.louvre.fr.
  30. ^ "Figurine féminine d'Obeid". 2019.
  31. ^ Marshall, John (1996). Mohenjo-Daro and the Indus Civilization: Being an Official Account of Archaeological Excavations at Mohenjo-Daro Carried Out by the Government of India Between the Years 1922 and 1927. Asian Educational Services. pp. 425–426. ISBN 9788120611795.
  32. ^ THUREAU-DANGIN, F. (1925). "SCEAUX DE TELLO ET SCEAUX DE HARAPPA". Revue d'Assyriologie et d'Archéologie Orientale. 22 (3): 99–101. JSTOR 23283916.

Further reading edit

  • Barrelet, Marie-Thérèse, "Une ‘Construction Enigmatique’ a Tello", Iraq, vol. 27, no. 2, pp. 100–18, 1965
  • CAUVIN, Marie-Claire, "TELLO ET L’ORIGINE DE LA HOUE AU PROCHE-ORIENT", Paléorient, vol. 5, pp. 193–206, 1979
  • CROS, Gaston, "NOTE RECTIFICATIVE: SUR LE CASQUE CHALDÉEN DE TELLO: LETTRE DE M. LE COMMANDANT GASTON CROS", Revue d’Assyriologie et d’archéologie Orientale, vol. 6, no. 3, pp. 88–89, 1906
  • de Vaumas, Etienne, "L’Ecoulement Des Eaux En Mesopotamie et La Provenance Des Eaux de Tello", Iraq, vol. 27, no. 2, pp. 81–99, 1965
  • DANGIN, François THUREAU, "NOTICE SUR LA TROISIÈME COLLECTION DE TABLETTES: DÉCOUVERTE PAR M. DE SARZEC A TELLO", Revue d’Assyriologie et d’archéologie Orientale, vol. 5, no. 3, pp. 67–102, 1902
  • Donbaz, Veysel, and Foster, Benjamin R., "Sargonic Texts from Telloh in the Istanbul Archaeological Museum", Occasional Publications of the Babylonian Fund 5, Philadelphia: The University Museum, 1982 ISBN 9780934718448
  • [4]Chiera, Edward, "Selected temple accounts from Telloh, Yokha and Drehem", University of Pennsylvania, 1921
  • Harriet Crawford, 'The Construction Inférieure at Tello. A Reassessment', Iraq, vol. 49, pp. 71–76, 1987
  • Benjamin R. Foster, 'The Sargonic Victory Stele from Telloh', Iraq, Vol. 47, pp. 15–30, 1985
  • Foster, Benjamin R., "Sargonic Texts from Telloh in the Istanbul Archaeological Museums, Part 2", ISD LLC, 2018 ISBN 9781948488082
  • de GENOUILLAC, H., "RAPPORT SUR LES TRAVAUX DE LA MISSION DE TELLO: II E CAMPAGNE : 1929—1930", Revue d’Assyriologie et d’archéologie Orientale, vol. 27, no. 4, pp. 169–86, 1930
  • Leon Heuzey, "MISSION FRANÇAISE DE CHALDÉE: REPRISE DES FOUILLES DE TELLO", Revue d’Assyriologie et d’archéologie Orientale, vol. 6, no. 1, pp. 1–4, 1904
  • Laurito, Romina, "Clay sealings from Telloh: new evidence from a 3rd millennium BC "corpus"", Pathways through Arslantepe. Essays in Honour of Marcella Frangipane, hrsg. v. Balossi Restelli, Francesca, 2020
  • Claudia E. Suter, 'A Shulgi Statuette from Tello', Journal of Cuneiform Studies, vol. 43/45, pp. 63–70, (1991–1993)
  • PARROT, André, "LES FOUILLES DE TELLO ET DE SENKEREH-LARSA: CAMPAGNE 1932-1933 (Rapport Préliminaire)", Revue d’Assyriologie et d’archéologie Orientale, vol. 30, no. 4, pp. 169–82, 1933
  • PARROT, André, "FOUILLES DE TELLO: CAMPAGNE 1931-1932 (Rapport Préliminaire)", Revue d’Assyriologie et d’archéologie Orientale, vol. 29, no. 2, pp. 45–57, 1932
  • [5]Sébastien Rey, 'Divine Cults in the Sacred Precinct of Girsu', Near Eastern Archaeology; Chicago, vol. 84, iss. 2, pp. 130-139, June 2021
  • Sébastien Rey, "For the Gods of Girsu: City-State Formation in Ancient Sumer", Archaeopress Archaeology, 2016 ISBN 978-1784913892

External links edit

  • Getty Girsu Project
  • The British Museum’s Heritage Initiative is helping to uncover remains of a lost palace in Iraq - UK Daily - 17 February 2023
  • 5,000-year-old artifacts unearthed in Sumerian city of Girsu in Iraq - Daily Sabah - Nov 17, 2021
  • Fragment of a stone plaque depicting Enannatum found in Tello (Girsu), from the collection of the British Museum, on the site of Google Cultural Institute
  • Images of Girsu - Oriental Institute of the University of Chicago
  • The world's oldest bridge is being preserved in Iraq
  • The Iraq Emergency Heritage Management Training Scheme: an update
  • Excavations at Girsu Video - British Museum

February 15, 2024
girsu, sumerian, Ĝirsu, cuneiform, ĝir2, suki, 𒄈𒋢𒆠, city, ancient, sumer, situated, some, northwest, lagash, site, what, tell, telloh, governorate, iraq, archaeological, remains, constructions, tello, shown, within, iraqalternative, nametell, tellohlocationdhi. Girsu Sumerian Ĝirsu 1 cuneiform ĝir2 suki 𒄈𒋢𒆠 was a city of ancient Sumer situated some 25 km 16 mi northwest of Lagash at the site of what is now Tell Telloh in Dhi Qar Governorate Iraq GirsuArchaeological remains of constructions at Tello GirsuShown within IraqAlternative nameTell TellohLocationDhi Qar Province IraqRegionSumerCoordinates31 33 43 3 N 46 10 39 3 E 31 562028 N 46 177583 E 31 562028 46 177583TypeSettlementHistoryPeriodsEarly Dynastic Ur IIISite notesExcavation dates1929 1933 2017ArchaeologistsHenri de Genouillac Andre Parrot Contents 1 History 2 Archaeology 3 Gallery 3 1 Ubaid IV artifacts 4700 4200 BC in Girsu 3 2 Uruk Period artifacts 4000 3100 3 3 Early dynastic artifacts in Girsu 3rd millennium BC 4 See also 5 Notes 6 Further reading 7 External linksHistory edit nbsp Terracotta stamp seal with Master of Animals motif Tell Telloh ancient Girsu End of Ubaid period c 4000 BC Louvre Museum AO15388 2 Girsu was possibly inhabited in the Ubaid period 5300 4800 BC but significant levels of activity began in the Early Dynastic period 2900 2335 BC At the time of Gudea during the Second Dynasty of Lagash Girsu became the capital of the Lagash kingdom and continued to be its religious center after political power had shifted to the city of Lagash 3 During the Ur III period Girsu was a major administrative center for the empire After the fall of Ur Girsu declined in importance but remained inhabited until c 200 BC A 4th century BC bilingual Greek Aramaic inscription was found there 4 Archaeology editThe site consists of two main mounds one rising 50 feet above the plain and the other 56 feet A number of small mounds dot the site Telloh was the first Sumerian site to be extensively excavated at first under the French vice consul at Basra Ernest de Sarzec in eleven campaigns between 1877 and 1900 followed by his successor Gaston Cros from 1903 1909 5 6 7 8 Finds included an alabaster statue of a woman with copper bracelets coated in gold and a fragment of a stone lion carved dish with a partial Sumerian inscription 9 10 In 1879 the site was visited by Hormuzd Rassam 11 Excavations continued under Abbe Henri de Genouillac in 1929 1931 and under Andre Parrot in 1931 1933 12 13 14 It was at Girsu that the fragments of the Stele of the Vultures were found The site has suffered from poor excavation standards and also from illegal excavations About 50 000 cuneiform tablets have been recovered from the site 15 16 17 Excavations at Telloh resumed in 2016 as part of a training program for Iraqi archaeologists organized by the British Museum 18 19 A foundation tablet and a number of inscribed building cones have been found In the 5th season in autumn 2019 work concentrated on the Mound of the Palace where E ninnu a temple to Ningirsu had been found in earlier seasons 20 In March 2020 archaeologists announced the discovery of a 5 000 year old cultic area filled with more than 300 broken ceremonial ceramic cups bowls jars animal sacrifices and ritual processions dedicated to Ningirsu 21 22 One of the remains was a duck shaped bronze figurine with eyes made from bark which is thought to be dedicated to Nanshe 23 An Indus Valley weight was also found In February 2023 archaeologists from British Museum and Getty Museum revealed the remains of the 4 500 year old Sumerian Lord Palace of the Kings alongside more than 200 cuneiform tablets containing administrative records of Girsu The E ninnu temple Temple of the White Thunderbird the primary sanctuary of the Sumerian warrior god Ningirsu was also identified during the excavations 24 25 In 2023 British Museum experts have suggested the possibility that a Greek temple at Girsu was founded by Alexander the Great According to the researchers recent discoveries suggest that this site honours Zeus and two divine sons The sons are Heracles and Alexander 26 Gallery editUbaid IV artifacts 4700 4200 BC in Girsu edit nbsp Ubaid IV pottery gobelet 4700 4200 BC Tello ancient Girsu Louvre Museum 27 nbsp Ubaid IV pottery jars 4700 4200 BC Tello ancient Girsu Louvre Museum 28 nbsp Ubaid IV pottery 4700 4200 BC Tello ancient Girsu Louvre Museum AO 15338 29 nbsp Female figurines Ubaid IV Tello ancient Girsu 4700 4200 BC Louvre Museum AO15327 30 Uruk Period artifacts 4000 3100 edit See also Uruk period nbsp Uruk period vase Terracotta ca 3500 2900 BC From Telloh ancient city of Girsu Louvre Museum nbsp Vase Terracotta with red slip ca 3500 2900 BC From Telloh ancient city of Girsu Louvre Museum nbsp Vase Terracotta ca 3500 2900 BC From Telloh ancient city of Girsu nbsp Indus seal impression discovered in Telloh a result of Indus Mesopotamia relations 31 32 Early dynastic artifacts in Girsu 3rd millennium BC edit nbsp Ring of Gold Carnelian Lapis Lazuli Tello ancient Girsu mid 3rd millennium BC Louvre Museum nbsp An account of barley rations issued monthly to adults and children written in Cuneiform on clay tablet written in year 4 of King Urukagina c 2350 BC From Girsu Iraq British Museum London nbsp Telloh doorway erected by Gudea c 2100 BC See also edit nbsp Wikimedia Commons has media related to Girsu Gudea cylinders Ningirsu Statues of Gudea Cities of the ancient Near EastNotes edit Because of the initial nasal velar ŋ the transcription of Ĝirsu is sometimes spelled as Ngirsu also G irsu Girsu Jirsu Site officiel du musee du Louvre cartelfr louvre fr Edzard Dietz Otto 1997 Gudea and his dynasty Toronto University of Toronto Press ISBN 978 1 4426 7555 1 OCLC 809041550 Naveh J 1970 The Development of the Aramaic Script Proceedings of the Israel Academy of Sciences and Humanities 5 1 Jerusalem de Sarzec Ernest 1884 1912 Decouvertes en Chaldee in French Paris Ernest Leroux de Sarzec E 1892 Deux tablettes archaiques de Tello Revue d Assyriologie et d Archeologie Orientale in French 2 4 146 149 JSTOR 23284262 Cros Gaston 1910 Nouvelles Fouilles de Tello in French Paris Ernest Laroux Hilprecht H V 1904 The Excavations in Assyria and Babylonia Philadelphia USA A J Holman Thomas Ariane 2016 The faded splendour of Lagashite princesses a restored statuette from Tello and the depiction of court women in the Neo Sumerian kingdom of Lagash Iraq 78 215 239 doi 10 1017 irq 2016 4 Desset F Marchesi G Vidale M Pignatti J 2016 A sculpted dish from Tello made of a rare stone Louvre AO 153 Journal of Near Eastern Studies 75 1 71 84 doi 10 1086 684811 hdl 11573 925127 Verderame Lorenzo Rassam s Activity in Tello 1879 and the Earliest Acquisition of Neo Sumerian Tablets in the British Museum on the Third Dynasty of Ur Studies in Honor of Marcel Sigrist ed by Piotr Michalowski Boston American Schools of Oriental Research 2008 Journal of Cuneiform Studies supplemental series 1 2008 Fouilles de Telloh I Epoques presargoniques Abbe Henri de Genouillac Paris 1934 Fouilles de Telloh II Epoques d Ur III Dynastie et de Larsa Abbe Henri de Genouillac Paris 1936 Parrot Andre 1948 Tello Vingt Campagnes de Fouilles 1877 1933 in French Paris Albin Michel 1 Barton George A Haverford Library Collection Cuneiform Tablets Documents From The Temple Archives Of Telloh Part I The John C Winston Company Philadelphia PA 1901 2 Barton George A Haverford Library Collection Cuneiform Tablets Documents From The Temple Archives Of Telloh Part II The John C Winston Company Philadelphia PA 1905 3 Barton George A Haverford Library Collection Cuneiform Tablets Documents From The Temple Archives Of Telloh Part III The John C Winston Company Philadelphia PA 1914 The Iraq Emergency Heritage Management Training Scheme American Society of Overseas Research ASOR 2018 Retrieved 2021 07 21 Tello The British Museum Retrieved 2022 06 13 Rey Sebastien Tello Girsu first results of the autumn 2019 archaeological season Sumer Journal of Archaeology of Iraq 66 2020 Weiss Daniel 2020 Temple of the White Thunderbird Archaeology January February 38 45 Ancient cultic area for warrior god uncovered in Iraq Live Science 31 March 2020 Gavin 2020 04 11 Ancient cultic area for warrior god uncovered in Iraq Most Interesting Things Retrieved 2020 08 31 Thomas Tobi 2023 02 17 Discovery of 4 500 year old palace in Iraq may hold key to ancient civilisation The Guardian ISSN 0261 3077 Retrieved 2023 02 23 Ho Karen K 2023 02 21 Archaeologists Discover Remains of 4 500 Year Old Lost Ancient Palace in Iraq ARTnews com Retrieved 2023 02 23 Ancient Iraqis may have worshipped Alexander the Great says British Museum Archived from the original on 21 November 2023 Retrieved 18 November 2023 Site officiel du musee du Louvre cartelfr louvre fr Site officiel du musee du Louvre cartelfr louvre fr Site officiel du musee du Louvre cartelfr louvre fr Figurine feminine d Obeid 2019 Marshall John 1996 Mohenjo Daro and the Indus Civilization Being an Official Account of Archaeological Excavations at Mohenjo Daro Carried Out by the Government of India Between the Years 1922 and 1927 Asian Educational Services pp 425 426 ISBN 9788120611795 THUREAU DANGIN F 1925 SCEAUX DE TELLO ET SCEAUX DE HARAPPA Revue d Assyriologie et d Archeologie Orientale 22 3 99 101 JSTOR 23283916 Further reading editBarrelet Marie Therese Une Construction Enigmatique a Tello Iraq vol 27 no 2 pp 100 18 1965 CAUVIN Marie Claire TELLO ET L ORIGINE DE LA HOUE AU PROCHE ORIENT Paleorient vol 5 pp 193 206 1979 CROS Gaston NOTE RECTIFICATIVE SUR LE CASQUE CHALDEEN DE TELLO LETTRE DE M LE COMMANDANT GASTON CROS Revue d Assyriologie et d archeologie Orientale vol 6 no 3 pp 88 89 1906 de Vaumas Etienne L Ecoulement Des Eaux En Mesopotamie et La Provenance Des Eaux de Tello Iraq vol 27 no 2 pp 81 99 1965 DANGIN Francois THUREAU NOTICE SUR LA TROISIEME COLLECTION DE TABLETTES DECOUVERTE PAR M DE SARZEC A TELLO Revue d Assyriologie et d archeologie Orientale vol 5 no 3 pp 67 102 1902 Donbaz Veysel and Foster Benjamin R Sargonic Texts from Telloh in the Istanbul Archaeological Museum Occasional Publications of the Babylonian Fund 5 Philadelphia The University Museum 1982 ISBN 9780934718448 4 Chiera Edward Selected temple accounts from Telloh Yokha and Drehem University of Pennsylvania 1921 Harriet Crawford The Construction Inferieure at Tello A Reassessment Iraq vol 49 pp 71 76 1987 Benjamin R Foster The Sargonic Victory Stele from Telloh Iraq Vol 47 pp 15 30 1985 Foster Benjamin R Sargonic Texts from Telloh in the Istanbul Archaeological Museums Part 2 ISD LLC 2018 ISBN 9781948488082 de GENOUILLAC H RAPPORT SUR LES TRAVAUX DE LA MISSION DE TELLO II E CAMPAGNE 1929 1930 Revue d Assyriologie et d archeologie Orientale vol 27 no 4 pp 169 86 1930 Leon Heuzey MISSION FRANCAISE DE CHALDEE REPRISE DES FOUILLES DE TELLO Revue d Assyriologie et d archeologie Orientale vol 6 no 1 pp 1 4 1904 Laurito Romina Clay sealings from Telloh new evidence from a 3rd millennium BC corpus Pathways through Arslantepe Essays in Honour of Marcella Frangipane hrsg v Balossi Restelli Francesca 2020 Claudia E Suter A Shulgi Statuette from Tello Journal of Cuneiform Studies vol 43 45 pp 63 70 1991 1993 PARROT Andre LES FOUILLES DE TELLO ET DE SENKEREH LARSA CAMPAGNE 1932 1933 Rapport Preliminaire Revue d Assyriologie et d archeologie Orientale vol 30 no 4 pp 169 82 1933 PARROT Andre FOUILLES DE TELLO CAMPAGNE 1931 1932 Rapport Preliminaire Revue d Assyriologie et d archeologie Orientale vol 29 no 2 pp 45 57 1932 5 Sebastien Rey Divine Cults in the Sacred Precinct of Girsu Near Eastern Archaeology Chicago vol 84 iss 2 pp 130 139 June 2021 Sebastien Rey For the Gods of Girsu City State Formation in Ancient Sumer Archaeopress Archaeology 2016 ISBN 978 1784913892External links editGetty Girsu Project The British Museum s Heritage Initiative is helping to uncover remains of a lost palace in Iraq UK Daily 17 February 2023 5 000 year old artifacts unearthed in Sumerian city of Girsu in Iraq Daily Sabah Nov 17 2021 Fragment of a stone plaque depicting Enannatum found in Tello Girsu from the collection of the British Museum on the site of Google Cultural Institute Images of Girsu Oriental Institute of the University of Chicago Stele of the Vultures at the Louvre The world s oldest bridge is being preserved in Iraq The Iraq Emergency Heritage Management Training Scheme an update Excavations at Girsu Video British Museum Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Girsu amp oldid 1207529328, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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