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Village East by Angelika

January 07, 2023

Several terms redirect here. For other uses, see Century Theatre (disambiguation), Gaiety Theatre (disambiguation), Phoenix Theatre (disambiguation), Belasco's Stuyvesant Theatre, Éden-Théâtre and Yiddish Art Theatre.

Village East by Angelika (originally the Louis N. Jaffe Art Theatre, also Village East, and formerly known by several other names)[a] is a movie theater at 189 Second Avenue, on the corner with 12th Street, in the East Village of Manhattan in New York City. Part of the former Yiddish Theatre District, the theater was designed in the Moorish Revival style by Harrison Wiseman and built from 1925 to 1926 by Louis Jaffe. In addition to Yiddish theatre, the theater has hosted off-Broadway shows, burlesque, and movies. Since 1991, it has been operated by Angelika Film Center as a seven-screen multiplex. Both the exterior and interior of the theater are New York City designated landmarks, and the theater is on the National Register of Historic Places.

Village East by Angelika
Former names
List
  • Louis N. Jaffe Theater
  • Yiddish Art Theatre (1926–1928, 1932–1934)
  • Yiddish Folks Theatre (1928–1937)
  • Molly Picon's Folks Theatre (1930–1931)
  • Germans' Folks Theatre (1931–1932)
  • Century Theatre (1937–1946)
  • New Jewish Folk Theatre (1944–1945)
  • Stuyvesant Theatre (1946–1953)
  • Phoenix Theatre (1953–1961)
  • Casino East Theater (1961–1965)
  • Gayety Theater (1965–1969)
  • Eden Theater (1969–1976)
  • 12th Street Cinema (1976–1977)
  • Entermedia Theater (1977–1985)
  • Second Avenue Theater (1985–1988)
  • Village East Cinema (1991–2021)
Address181–189 Second Avenue
LocationEast Village, Manhattan, New York City
Coordinates40°43′51″N 73°59′11″W / 40.73083°N 73.98639°W / 40.73083; -73.98639 (Yiddish Art Theatre)Coordinates: 40°43′51″N 73°59′11″W / 40.73083°N 73.98639°W / 40.73083; -73.98639 (Yiddish Art Theatre)
Public transitNew York City Subway:
Third Avenue, First Avenue
​ at Astor Place
OwnerSenyar Holding Company
OperatorCity Cinemas (Reading International); Angelika Film Center
TypeYiddish, Off-Broadway
Screens7
Current useMovie theater
Construction
ArchitectHarrison Wiseman
Website
www.angelikafilmcenter.com/villageeast
Yiddish Art Theatre
NYC Landmark No. 1764, 1765
Location189 Second Avenue, New York, New York
Coordinates40°43′51″N 73°59′11″W / 40.73083°N 73.98639°W / 40.73083; -73.98639 (Yiddish Art Theatre)
Arealess than one acre
Built1926 (1926)
ArchitectHarrison G. Wiseman
Architectural styleMoorish
NRHP reference No.85002427[1]
NYCL No.1764, 1765
Significant dates
Added to NRHPSeptember 19, 1985
Designated NYCLFebruary 9, 1993

Village East's main entrance is through a three-story office wing on Second Avenue, which has a facade of cast stone. The auditorium is housed in the rear along 12th Street. The first story contains storefronts and a lobby, while the second and third stories contained offices, which were converted into apartments in the 1960s. The main lobby connects to another lobby along 12th Street with a promenade behind the auditorium. The auditorium consists of a ground-level orchestra and one overhanging balcony with boxes. The balcony remains in its original condition, but the orchestra and former stage area have been divided into six screens.

The Louis N. Jaffe Art Theatre was originally used by the Yiddish Art Theatre and largely served as a Yiddish playhouse from 1926 to 1945. It opened on November 17, 1926, with The Tenth Commandment. The Yiddish Art Theatre moved out of the theater after two seasons, and it became the Yiddish Folks Theatre. The venue was leased by Molly Picon in 1930–1931 and by Misha and Lucy German in 1931–1932. The Yiddish Arts Theatre then performed at the theater until 1934, after which the Yiddish Folks continued for two more years. From 1936 to 1944, the building was a movie theater called the Century Theatre, with Yiddish performances during two seasons.

After a decline in Yiddish theater, the Jaffe Art Theatre was renamed the Stuyvesant Theatre in 1946 and continued as a movie theater for seven years. The then-new Phoenix Theatre used the playhouse from 1953 to 1961. The Jaffe Art Theatre then became the Casino East Theatre, which hosted the burlesque production This Was Burlesque for three years before becoming a burlesque house called the Gayety Theatre in 1965. The theater was renamed yet again in 1969, this time operating as the off-Broadway Eden Theatre until 1976, showing the revue Oh! Calcutta!. The venue was then converted into a movie theater, the 12th Street Cinema, before returning to live shows in 1977 under the name Entermedia Theatre (renamed the Second Avenue Theatre in 1985). After closing in 1988, the Jaffe Art Theatre was renovated into Village East Cinema, reopening in 1991. Angelika rebranded the theater in 2021.

Description

Village East, originally the Yiddish Art Theatre, is at the southwestern corner of East 12th Street and Second Avenue in the East Village of Manhattan in New York City, within the former Yiddish Theatre District.[3][4] The theater occupies a rectangular land lot of 12,077 square feet (1,122.0 m2),[5] with a frontage of 103 feet (31 m) on Second Avenue and 117.25 feet (36 m) on 12th Street.[6][7] It is composed of two sections: a three-story office wing with a cast-stone facade, facing east on Second Avenue, as well as an auditorium wing with a brown-brick facade, extending westward along 12th Street.[8] The site is a block north of St. Mark's Church.[5][9]

The theater was built by Louis Jaffe, a developer and prominent Jewish community leader, for Maurice Schwartz's Yiddish Art Theatre, which presented works in Yiddish. The theater was designed in the Moorish Revival style by Harrison Wiseman, while William Pogany consulted on the interior design.[10][11][12] Despite the prevalence of Yiddish theaters in the area in the early 20th century, the Jaffe Art Theatre was the only one in the Yiddish Theatre District that was specifically built for a Yiddish theatrical group.[13] By the 21st century, Village East was the only remaining Yiddish theater building on Second Avenue, the onetime center of the Yiddish Theatre District.[14]

Facade

 
Detail of main entrance arch. In the intrados of the arch are half-menorahs. Above those, seven Moorish-style openings with medallions are arranged in a semicircle.
 
Detail of smaller arches on Second Avenue (left) and 12th Street (right)
 
Exterior of the Jaffe Art Theater in 1985.

On the building's Second Avenue elevation, the first two stories consist of a double-height arcade with seven arches, each corresponding to one bay. The main entrance is in the second-northernmost bay and is taller and wider than the others. This bay contains a large archway surrounded by panels with geometric and foliate decorations.[8] There are four metal-and-glass doors at the ground floor, with a projecting triangular marquee sign above.[15] The marquee was originally rectangular and had decorations at its corners.[16] To the left (south) of the main entrance is a door to the upper office stories, topped by a lintel with the inscribed words "Jaffe Art Theatre Bldg". To the right (north) is a sign board and a cornerstone, containing an inscription of the Gregorian date May 23, 1926, in English and the corresponding Hebrew calendar date in Hebrew.[15] The intrados, near the top of the arch, contains capitals shaped like half-menorahs.[12][15] Above those, seven Moorish-style openings with medallions are arranged in a semicircle.[4] The top of the entrance bay contains a cornice supported by round corbels.[15]

The other six arches are identical round-arched openings and are separated by paneled pilasters. The top of each pilaster contains a capital with foliate and geometric motifs and birds. The smaller arches formerly contained six storefronts, one in each bay.[8] After the building was converted into a cinema in 1990, the northernmost bay was converted to an interior staircase, while the two bays immediately south of the main entrance became ticket counters. The remaining storefronts in the three southernmost bays contain aluminum storefronts at the first floor, as well as aluminum spandrel panels between the first and second floors.[15] At the third floor, there are two small arched windows in each bay. These are separated by pilasters with guilloche motifs, which are topped by capitals with foliate decorations.[8] The roof above the northernmost bay contains a small dormer unit, while the roof above the southern five bays is a terrace.[15]

The easternmost portion of the 12th Street elevation contains two bays of double-height arches and paired windows, similar to those in the Second Avenue elevation. The steel-framed auditorium structure is clad in brick.[8] The outer portions of the auditorium facade are treated as pavilions. They are slightly taller than the rest of the auditorium and protrude slightly from the central section of the facade. Each outer pavilion contains a metal gate at ground level, above which is an arched opening with a fire stair behind it.[17] The center of the facade contains a cast-stone doorway surrounding five sets of exit doors.[8] There is a carved corbel on either side of the doorway.[15] Above the doors is a blind brick arch, surrounding a panel with pink terracotta quatrefoils.[8] The top of the auditorium facade is made of a band of cast stone.[17] An alley runs to the west of the theater.[18]

Interior

The interior is decorated in a gold, blue, rose, cream, and silver color scheme. Many of the interior decorations are inspired by the Alhambra in Spain.[19] The decorations also contain elements of Moorish, Islamic, and Judaic architecture.[19][20] Most decorations resemble their original condition, even though the layout of the theater has been substantially changed.[12][19] The interior of Village East was used as a filming location for the films The Night They Raided Minsky's in 1968 and The Fan in 1981,[15] as well as a promotional video for Reese's Peanut Butter Cups in 1984.[21]

Lobbies

 
Ceiling of the main lobby

The theater has two lobbies. The main one on Second Avenue was a square space[4] (subsequently expanded to a rectangular space), while a secondary lobby on 12th Street provides access to the balcony level.[19] When the theater was converted into a movie theater in the early 1990s, all of the floor surfaces were covered or replaced with a carpet containing red, gold, blue, and gray patterns.[22]

Originally, the main lobby had a floor made of terracotta, with a pattern of white rhombus motifs. The box office was on the north wall, while the south wall contained mirrored panels.[4] Only the original ceiling of the main lobby remains intact. The center of the ceiling contains a medallion; the edges of the ceiling contain a frieze with corbels, as well as decorative rectangular and square panels. During the early-1990s renovation, the lobby was expanded southward, and a concession stand and a wall of poster boards were installed.[19] The lobby also contains an exhibit about the history of Yiddish theatre.[23][22]

On the northern side of the theater building, to the right of the main lobby, is the 12th Street lobby.[24] The walls there are buff-colored and are designed to resemble travertine. The exit doors on the north wall contain trefoil arches, corbels, and Moorish exit signs. The ceiling has three circular chandeliers and is ornately designed with floral symbols and circles. The 12th Street lobby connects to a pair of segmentally arched alcoves, inside which are stairs descending to the basement.[19]

On the north wall of the 12th Street lobby, two curved staircases with wrought-iron railings lead up to a narrow promenade behind the balcony-level seating.[19][25] The underside of the balcony promenade (immediately above the 12th Street lobby) contains three medallions, each of which contains six-pointed arabesques, as well as recessed lighting fixtures and a decorative border. Above the promenade are four rectangular panels and one square panel, each with cartouches at its center, in addition to recessed lighting. Small staircases at the western and eastern ends of the promenade lead up to the top of the balcony-level seating.[19]

Auditorium

The auditorium has an orchestra level, a balcony, boxes, and a proscenium arch that originally had a stage behind it.[26][27] The auditorium is oriented toward the south, with the rear wall and 12th Street lobby being to the north.[24] The original auditorium contained 1,143,[4] 1,236,[28][29] 1,252,[27] or 1,265 seats.[30] The orchestra level was initially raked, sloping down toward an orchestra pit in front of the stage.[25] The stage originally measured 30 by 36 feet (9.1 by 11.0 m) across.[25]

In 1990, the theater was multiplexed, being split into a seven-screen movie theater. Most of the original decorations remain intact, although the seating at orchestra level was raised to the height of the original stage.[27] Screens 1 through 5 are within the original auditorium, while screens 6 and 7 are within the stage area.[31] In all seven screens, the seats are 21 to 22 inches (530 to 560 mm) wide, larger than similar theaters.[22] The balcony level is the largest and most ornate screen; it originally had 500 seats. Below the balcony are four additional screens: two 200-seat venues within the original orchestra level, a 175-seat venue in a former basement restaurant, and a 75-seat venue in a sidewalk vault.[22][32] The stage area was divided into two screens, one above the other.[31][32] The lower screen is at the level of the original stage, while the upper screen is about 60 feet (18 m) above the ground, within the former fly loft.[32]

The side walls of the auditorium are made of textured plaster and were initially painted in a buff color, though it was subsequently repainted blue-gray. The front of the balcony is decorated with rosettes and round-arched panels, atop which are a parapet and railing. After the original auditorium was multiplexed, a lower balcony was created in front of the original balcony, connected to it by double staircases. The lower balcony has an exit to the promenade, directly below the original balcony, as well as a ramp leading to an exit on the north wall.[19] There are 40 seats within the lower balcony.[33] On either side of the proscenium arch is a wall section with one box at the balcony level.[34] The boxes are each recessed within a pointed Moorish arch, which is framed by vermiculated quoins and topped by voussoirs. The inner reveals of the boxes contain colonettes, above which are lambrequin arches. The fronts of the boxes contain rosettes and round-arched panels, which wrap around to the front of the balcony.[19] Next to the boxes is a flat proscenium arch, which is surrounded by floral and geometric decorations.[34] The proscenium opening has been bricked up,[32] and a movie screen for the balcony-level seats has been installed within the proscenium.[19]

The middle of the ceiling contains a shallow circular dome measuring 40 feet (12 m) across.[32][35] At the center of the dome is a medallion with the Star of David, which is enclosed within a larger six-pointed star with trefoils at its "points". A metal chandelier with two tiers hangs from the center of the dome.[10][36] The outer border of the dome is decorated with wrought-iron grilles and motifs of the Star of David.[25] There are also fascia panels around the dome, some of which have been modified to accommodate projection equipment and ventilation openings.[10][19] Outside of the dome, the ceiling contains ornate gilded plaster moldings.[10][36] The decoration is intended to resemble a honeycomb and contains rosettes, eight-pointed stars, and strapwork. There are ducts near where the ceiling intersects with the walls.[19] The ceiling is actually made of 3-by-3-foot (0.91 by 0.91 m) panels suspended from the roof via iron bars.[10]

Other spaces

 
Former office area on Second Avenue

Above the stage were twelve dressing rooms, as well as access to the space above the dome. Under the stage were offices, storage rooms, and access to the orchestra pit. In addition, the theater's restrooms, lounge, and administrative offices were in the basement behind the auditorium (near 12th Street).[25] The lounge contained busts of prominent playwrights and performers in Yiddish theatre, such as Abraham Goldfaden, David Kessler, Jacob Pavlovich Adler, Jacob Gordin, and Sholem Aleichem.[37] The basement also included a restaurant and cabaret/nightclub.[28][38][39]

The second and third stories along Second Avenue contained rehearsal rooms. These were accessed from the third bay from north, just left of the main entrance.[25] These floors also contained offices.[38][39] The Russian Art Restaurant took up one of the storefronts for several years. Among the building's office tenants were the Jewish National Workers Alliance, Yiddisher Kultur Farband, and Jewish Folk Schools. The offices were converted into apartments in the 1960s. The residents included actress Jackie Curtis, photographer Peter Hujar, and painter David Wojnarowicz.[15]

History

During the 1880s, New York City's Jewish immigrant population started moving to the East Village and the Lower East Side in large numbers;[40][41] many immigrants were Ashkenazi Jews who spoke Yiddish.[13] The Yiddish Theatre District was developed during the late 19th and early 20th centuries to provide entertainment for the growing Jewish population.[42] While most early Yiddish theaters were south of Houston Street,[40] many producers moved north along Second Avenue in the early 20th century.[43][44] One of them was Maurice Schwartz, who came from Ukraine and founded the Yiddish Art Theatre in 1918.[45][46][47] The theatre company was originally housed in several theater buildings.[45][47][48] Developer and lawyer Louis N. Jaffe had watched one of the Yiddish Art Theatre's shows at Madison Square Garden and was so impressed that he decided to build a dedicated building for the company.[49][37]

Development and opening

In May 1925, Jaffe acquired a site on 12th Street and Second Avenue, formerly part of the Stuyvesant Farm. He hired Harrison G. Wiseman to design a building with a 1,200-seat theater for Schwartz's company.[6][7] The theater would be designed in what media described as an "old Jerusalem" style. In addition to being the Yiddish Art Theatre's home, the building would contain offices for the theatre company's staff and the Jaffe Art Film Corporation; a gymnasium; and a theatrical library.[50][51] The theatre company would lease the theater at a nominal price.[52] The demolition of Madison Square Garden had forced the Yiddish Art Players to relocate to the Nora Bayes Theatre in the midtown Theater District.[37][53] Initially, the project was to have been completed in December 1925.[54]

 
Cornerstone showing both English and Hebrew dates

Wiseman filed plans with the New York City Department of Buildings (DOB) at the end of May 1925, shortly after Jaffe acquired the site.[49][55] The building was to cost $235,000. The DOB initially objected to the project because of its location within a residential neighborhood, the lack of exits to the west, and the absence of a setback along Second Avenue.[56] Site-clearing began the next month,[49] and five old houses were torn down to make way for the theater.[9] Olga Loev, widow of Sholem Aleichem,[52][57] laid the theater's cornerstone at a ceremony on May 23, 1926.[53][57] Playwright Herman Bernstein said that the event was "of magnitude for Jews in America", given the Yiddish Art Theatre's success in spite of early difficulties.[52][57] Portraits of Abraham Goldfaden (the "father of the Yiddish theatre movement") and Peter Stuyvesant (the owner of the Stuyvesant Farm) were placed inside the cornerstone.[57] Jaffe said he wanted the theater to be "a permanent monument to prove that the Jewish immigrant to [the United States] is a useful citizen and makes a definite contribution to the country", responding to anti-Semitic comments that Stuyvesant had made three centuries prior.[58]

By mid-1926, the Jaffe Art Theater was expected to open that September,[59] but it remained closed past that date. Schwartz then planned to open the theater on November 11 with The Tenth Commandment, his adaptation of Goldfaden's play Thou Shalt Not Covet.[30][37][60] Before the theater opened, the New York Herald Tribune called it "a lasting monument to Yiddish art",[60] while The New York Times said the theater building "will be the most attractive amusement structure in that locality".[59] The Louis N. Jaffe Art Theater opened on November 17, 1926, with The Tenth Commandment. In the opening-night program, Schwartz described the theater's opening as the "culmination of a lifelong dream".[61][62] The opening-night visitors included theatrical personalities such as Daniel Frohman, Owen Davis, and Robert Milton, as well as non-theatrical notables such as Otto Kahn and Fannie Hurst.[62][63] The theater, which cost $1 million to construct, was not officially completed until January 8, 1927.[52]

Yiddish shows

The Jaffe Art Theatre was one of the last Yiddish theaters to open on Second Avenue, having been completed just as Yiddish theater was starting to decline.[29] From 1926 to 1945, the Jaffe Art Theatre largely hosted Yiddish productions, though it changed names several times based on whichever company appeared there. It hosted not only straight plays but also revues, musicals, and operettas. Notable performers during this era included Joseph Buloff, Celia Adler, Luba Kadison, Ludwig Satz, Molly Picon, Menasha Skulnik, Joseph M. Rumshinsky, Ola Lilith, and Jacob Ben-Ami.[64] Yiddish theatre historian Nahma Sandrow referred to the theater as "a temple" for Yiddish theatre, saying: "It was more than just a physical building; it really existed in people's cultural consciousnesses".[65]

1920s

For the rest of the 1926–1927 season, the Jaffe Art Theatre was occupied by limited runs of six productions: Mendele Spivak in 1926[66][67] and Her Crime, Reverend Doctor Silver, Yoske Musicanti, Wolves, and Menschen Shtoib in early 1927.[66] After a summer hiatus,[68] the theater then reopened the 1927–1928 season with the play Greenberg's Daughters in September 1927.[69] The season also featured the play The Gardener's Dog, the first American production by Boris Glagolin's Moscow Revolution Theater.[66][70] Other plays of that season included The Gold Diggers and On Foreign Soil in late 1927, as well as Alexander Pushkin and American Chasidim in early 1928.[66] Schwartz appeared in many of these plays.[66] Despite high expectations, the theater performed worse than expected in its first two seasons.[71][72] Among the reasons for this were the rise of talking pictures, negotiations with performers' unions, and a decline in Jewish immigration.[71]

In April 1928, Jaffe leased the theater to the Amboard Theatre Corporation, headed by Morris Lifschitz.[72] The next month, the Louis N. Jaffe Art Theatre Corporation sold the theater to a client of Jacob I. Berman.[73][74] The Yiddish Art Theatre moved out after two seasons[75][76] because Schwartz had severed his agreement with Jaffe.[75] The New York City Landmarks Preservation Commission (LPC) stated that the Jaffe Art Theatre remained vacant for the 1928–1929 season,[77] but contemporary news reports indicate that the Yiddish Folk Theatre occupied the building during that season, starting with a dance recital in September 1928.[75][78] The Yiddish Folks Theatre gave at least two other performances at the theater, both directed by Ludwig Satz.[66] His Wife's Lover opened in October 1929,[79][80] followed by If the Rabbi Wants that December.[81][82]

1930s

 
Marquee

The comedienne Molly Picon leased the Jaffe Art Theatre in June 1930,[83][84] and it was renamed Molly Picon's Folks Theatre.[77] Isaac Lipshitz acquired the theater in a foreclosure proceeding that August,[71][85] and the play The Girl of Yesterday opened the next month, starring Picon.[86][87] This was followed in January 1931 by the play The Love Thief, also starring Picon.[88][89] Prosper Realty Corporation was recorded as taking ownership of the theater that February.[77] Misha and Lucy German (also spelled Gehrman[90]) leased the theater in May 1931, and the theater was rebranded yet again as the Germans' Folks Theatre.[77][91] Under the German family's ownership, the theater hosted at least four performances: One Woman in 1931[92][93] and In a Tenement House, Pioneers, and Wedding Chains in 1932.[92]

The Yiddish Art Theatre returned to the theater after Schwartz leased it for the 1932–1933 season.[94][95] The company opened the season with Yoshe Kalb, which ran for 235 performances at the theater[96] and was then performed on Broadway in English,[77][97] for a total of 300 performances.[98] Other Yiddish plays performed in 1932–1933 included Chayim Lederer, Legend of Yiddish King Lear, Bread, and Revolt. Schwartz also leased the theater for the 1933–1934 season, when he hosted Wise Men of Chelm, Josephus, and Modern Children.[94] The theatrical company departed in April 1934, and the venue again became the Yiddish Folks Theatre, since Schwartz owned the rights to the "Yiddish Art Theatre" name.[77][90] Under the direction of Joseph Buloff, the New York Art Troupe leased the theater for the 1934–1935 season,[99][100] hosting eight plays there.[94]

Menasha Skulnik and Joseph M. Rumshinsky signed a lease for the theater in April 1935,[101] then announced plans to lease the theater as a movie house "until the fall".[102] One newspaper proclaimed that the Yiddish Folks Theatre would become the world's first movie theater that hosted films exclusively in Yiddish, though it is unknown whether this ever happened.[77] The first live show that Skulnik and Rumshinsky hosted at the theater was Fishel der Gerutener (English: "The Perfect Fishel"), which opened in September 1935.[103][104] The men hosted three other shows: Schlemiehl in September 1936,[105][106] Straw Hero in November 1936,[107][108] and The Galician Rabbi in 1937.[109][110]

Decline and film conversion

By the late 1930s, the popularity of Yiddish theatre was starting to wane. Various reasons were cited for the decline, including a slowdown in the number of Jewish immigrants after World War I and the fact that younger Jews were blending in with American culture.[111][112] In addition, the city's Jewish population dispersed from the Lower East Side and East Village.[112] By March 1937, just ten years after the Yiddish Folks Theatre had opened, independent film operators Weinstock and Hertzig planned to lease the theater for movies.[113] Saulray Theatres Corporation leased the theater the next month,[77] and it became a movie theater called the Century.[31][77] The conversion occurred as similar Yiddish venues in the East Village and Lower East Side had become movie houses.[112] Shortly after the Century reopened, its sound equipment was replaced.[114] The theater went into foreclosure by September 1937 and was taken over by the Greater New York Savings Bank.[77]

In June 1940, the Yiddish Folks Theatre leased the Century for one season.[115][116] The Yiddish Folks Players then presented Sunrise that October,[104][117] followed by Sixty Years of Yiddish Theatre, a musical in honor of Rumshinsky, in January 1941.[118][119] The troupe's manager Jacob Wexler died in the middle of the 1940–1941 season, and Ola Lilith took over the troupe's management.[115] The third and final Yiddish show of the season was A Favorn Vinkel ("The Forsaken Nook") in February 1941,[104] with a special performance in honor of Ludwig Satz.[120][121] The Century's operators announced that March that they would return the theater to a film policy, showing three American feature films every day.[122][123] After a renovation, the Century screened the feature film Gone with the Wind that April.[115][124] In addition, O'Gara & Co. Inc. was hired to lease out the office space on Second Avenue.[125]

In 1942, the Greater New York Savings Bank leased the theater to the Century Theatre Company for ten years.[126][127] The bank then leased the Jaffe Art Theatre in January 1944 to Benjamin Benito, who planned to stage Italian opera and vaudeville there.[128] The Raynes Realty Company acquired the theater from the bank that September and discontinued Benito's lease.[38][39] Jacob Ben-Ami's New Jewish Folk Theater leased the theater during the 1944–1945 season, operating it as the Century Theatre.[129][130] Ben-Ami presented two shows, The Miracle of the Warsaw Ghetto by H. Leivick and We Will Live by David Bergelson, in what was the theater's last season as a Yiddish theatrical venue.[115] By then, many Yiddish speakers had been murdered in the Holocaust, further contributing to the decline in Yiddish theatre.[111][131] The Jaffe Art Theatre then reopened as a 1,082-seat movie theater, the Stuyvesant Theatre, around March 1946. The theater continued to screen films until 1953.[31][115]

Off-Broadway use

Phoenix Theatre era

 
12th Street facade

In October 1953, Norris Houghton and T. Edward Hambleton formed the Phoenix Theatre company and leased the Jaffe Art Theatre, initially for a series of five plays.[132][133] The Phoenix Theatre was a pioneering project in the development of off-Broadway, with a different approach to legitimate theatre than found on Broadway. Houghton and Hambleton had wanted a theater away from Broadway's Theater District. The Jaffe Art Theatre had appealed to them because it was newer than most Broadway venues and also because it was close to Stuyvesant Town–Peter Cooper Village, which had 30,000 residents. The group planned to charge a relatively cheap $1.20 to $3.00 per ticket; in return, performers would not be paid more than $100 per week, and each show would have a four-week limited run.[115][134] A writer for Variety described Phoenix's formation as "one of the most important off-Broadway developments of recent years".[135]

Phoenix's first production was Sidney Howard's play Madam, Will You Walk?, which opened in December 1953 with Hume Cronyn and Jessica Tandy.[136] Other notable shows of the 1953–1954 season included Coriolanus, The Golden Apple, and The Seagull.[104] The troupe's first season was successful; The Golden Apple transferred to Broadway, while The Seagull was sold out through its limited run.[137] This prompted Houghton to renew his lease on the theater.[138] The 1954–1955 season included the plays Sing Me No Lullaby, The Doctor's Dilemma, and The Master Builder,[139] as well as the revue Phoenix '55.[140][141] The theater also started hosting Sideshows, a set of "programs of diverse entertainment", on Monday nights during that season.[142] Additionally, air-conditioning was installed in the theater around 1955 so shows could be presented there during the summer.[140] The presence of the Phoenix Theatre and other off-Broadway companies on Second Avenue contributed to a revival of the former theatrical hub there.[143]

During the 1955–1956 season, Phoenix presented plays from aspiring directors at the Jaffe Art Theatre as part of an experimental program.[142] The regular season also included the plays Six Characters in Search of an Author, The Adding Machine, Miss Julie and The Stronger in repertory, and A Month in the Country.[139] For the 1956–1957 season, Phoenix changed its policy to present exclusively revivals of 18th- and 19th-century works.[144] The shows during this season included Saint Joan, Diary of a Scoundrel, The Good Woman of Setzuan, Measure for Measure, The Taming of the Shrew, and The Duchess of Malfi.[139] After the season ended, Phoenix was reorganized as a nonprofit in an attempt to solve its financial troubles, and Theater Incorporated took over the theater building.[140][145] After Phoenix's reorganization, the theater hosted several shows during the 1957–1958 season, including Mary Stuart, The Makropulos Secret, The Chairs and The Lesson in repertory, The Infernal Machine, The Two Gentlemen of Verona, The Broken Jug, La Malade Imaginaire, and three Molière plays in repertory.[146] Phoenix continued to lose money and had a relatively small 3,000 subscribers during 1957–1958.[147]

 
Interior of the Jaffe Art Theater from the Balcony in 1985 prior to renovations.

For the 1958–1959 season, Phoenix decided to book plays by Nobel Prize-winning writers such as T. S. Eliot.[148][149] The plays during that season included The Family Reunion, Britannicus, The Power and the Glory, The Beaux' Stratagem, and Once Upon a Mattress.[150] After launching a drive to enroll new subscribers in April 1959,[151] the theatrical company enrolled 9,000 subscribers and obtained $150,000 in subsidies by that June.[152] This enabled Phoenix to pre-select all of the plays in a season, rather than booking plays as the season progressed, for the first time in the troupe's history.[153] The theater then hosted plays such as Lysistrata, Peer Gynt, and part 1 and part 2 of Shakespeare's Henry IV during 1959–1960.[150][154] Phoenix's last full season at the theater, in 1960–1961, consisted of H.M.S. Pinafore, She Stoops to Conquer, The Plough and the Stars, The Octoroon, and Hamlet.[150] The company relocated to the much smaller 74th Street Theater in late 1961 after The Pirates of Penzance, the first play of the 1961–1962 season, was staged at the Second Avenue theater.[155][156] This move was prompted by the fact that, after its first season, Phoenix had consistently operated at a loss and could not fill the Jaffe Art Theatre.[157]

Burlesque and nude era

In November 1961, Michael Iannucci and Milton Warner leased the Jaffe Art Theatre for one year, with an option to renew for another year.[158] The next month, the theater was renamed the Casino East Theater[140] and reopened with a Yiddish-language show, Gezunt un Meshuga ("Hale and Crazy").[159][160][161] By then, it had 1,150 seats.[159] In March 1962, Casino East hosted the satirical burlesque production This Was Burlesque starring Ann Corio.[162][163] During this time, Iannucci managed the front of house, or the publicly accessible parts of the theater. Corio oversaw the stage and backstage operations, with a speaker in her dressing room that allowed her to hear everything on stage.[164] The revue was successful, ultimately lasting 1,509 performances at the Casino.[150][165] This Was Burlesque ultimately relocated to the Hudson Theatre on Broadway in March 1965.[166][167] Corio said that tourists could not find Casino East and that ticket sellers could more easily sell tickets to the show if it were on Broadway.[168]

Afterward, Casino East became the Gayety Theater,[140][169] the only burlesque theater in Manhattan.[140][170] The venue was operated by Leroy Griffith, who had opened the burlesque venue there following the success of Corio's show.[169] The operator charged $4 admission, higher than at the Hudson Theatre.[171] The off-Broadway production Oh! Calcutta!, a revue in which all the cast members were nude, was announced for the theater in April 1969, upon which point the venue was renamed the Eden Theater.[172][173] The revue's producer George Platt explained the renaming by saying, "We're not doing a burlesque show, we're doing a legitimate show."[173] Oh! Calcutta! opened at the theater in June 1969.[174][175] While the Eden was as large as a standard Broadway theater, Oh! Calcutta! used an off-Broadway contract that limited the audience to 499 seats;[176] nonetheless, the show made a profit at the Eden.[177] The revue moved to Broadway's Belasco Theatre in February 1971[178] after running for 704 performances.[179]

Yiddish revival and legitimate shows

 
Storefronts next to the theater's main entrance

In March 1971 the Broadway musical Man of La Mancha moved from the Martin Beck Theatre to the Eden.[176][180] La Mancha operated under a Broadway contract, which allowed all of the Eden's seats to be used;[176] the musical moved to Broadway's Mark Hellinger Theatre after three months.[181] That June, Jacob Jacobs leased the Eden with plans to host Yiddish shows there.[182] Next, the rock musical Grease opened in February 1972[183][184] under a Broadway contract that allowed all seats to be used.[185] The musical moved to the Broadhurst Theatre that June[186] and later became Broadway's longest-running musical.[185] By then, Jewish Nostalgic Productions was raising funds for a series of Yiddish plays at the Eden.[187]

The revue Crazy Now opened at the Eden in September 1972,[188][189] followed the next month by a revival of Yoshe Kalb.[190][191] In early 1973, the theater also hosted a dance special by Larry Richardson[192] and the Broadway musical Smith,[193][194] the latter of which relocated to the Alvin Theatre.[195] Jewish Nostalgic Productions staged several more shows, of which three had more than 100 performances.[179] For the 1973–1974 season, the Eden was occupied by Aleichem's play Hard To Be a Jew.[196][197] This was followed in the 1974–1975 season by another Aleichem play, Dos Groyse Gevins ("The Big Winner"),[198][199] as well as a short run of A Wedding in Shtetel.[200] Senyar Holding Company, a firm owned by Martin Raynes, took ownership of the theater in March 1975.[140] During the 1975–1976 season, the Eden hosted Sylvia Regan's musical The Fifth Season.[201][202] The theater had become the 12th Street Cinema by mid-1976,[203] but this use only lasted a short time.[140]

 
Interior of the Jaffe Art Theater in 1985 prior to renovations.

By September 1977, the Jaffe Art Theatre was known as the Entermedia Theater.[204] The theater reopened the next month with The Possessed, a dance special by Pearl Lang. Its operator Entermedia presented not only films but also dance, experimental legitimate shows, and other events.[140][205] Among the Entermedia's early shows was the musical The Best Little Whorehouse in Texas, which opened in 1978[206] and subsequently transferred to Broadway,[207] as well as the musical God Bless You, Mr. Rosewater in 1979.[208][209] The theater also hosted events such as an independent film festival,[210] a jazz showcase,[211] and a samurai film festival.[212] The musical Joseph and the Amazing Technicolor Dreamcoat, which later transferred to Broadway, opened at the Entermedia in 1981[213] and was so successful that its audience was allowed to use all the seats.[214] Other popular shows at the theater were the 1982 play Lennon[215] and the 1983 musical Taking My Turn.[216] The Jaffe Art Theatre was added to the National Register of Historic Places on September 19, 1985.[217] The New York City Landmarks Preservation Commission also considered protecting the theater as a landmark in 1985 and 1986 but did not make a decision.[65]

Entermedia left the theater in 1985, and the venue was leased to M Square Productions, which renamed it the Second Avenue Theater.[140][65] It was one of M Square's three off-Broadway houses. M Square's managing director Alan J. Schuster said the company wanted "to have a legitimate theater and a film theater at the Second Avenue" without incurring the exorbitant costs of Broadway theatre contracts.[218] The movie theater would have been above the legitimate theater, but these plans never materialized.[65] The Second Avenue hosted Zalmen Mlotek and Moishe Rosenfeld's bilingual revue The Golden Land, which opened in November 1985[219][220] and ran for 277 regular performances.[221][b] For the 1986–1987 season, the theater staged the musical Have I Got a Girl for You!, which opened in November 1986,[222][223] and the musical Staggerlee, which opened in March 1987.[224][225] The theater also hosted a tribute to the late off-Broadway actor Charles Ludlam in mid-1987.[226] The Chaim Potok play The Chosen opened in January 1988[227][228] but flopped with just six regular performances.[65][229][b]

Village East use

 
Main entrance to the theater

The failure of The Chosen had been particularly devastating for M Square, which had spent three years creating the play and could no longer afford to continue operating the Second Avenue Theater. The venue was the only surviving Yiddish theater building on Second Avenue, as well as one of the few off-Broadway houses in the East Village.[65] In 1988, M Square leased the theater to City Cinemas, a branch of Reading International, for use as a movie theater called Village East.[32][65] City Cinemas converted the auditorium into a seven-screen multiplex.[230][231] Averitt Associates preserved the balcony but split the orchestra and backstage areas into six screens.[32][35] The renovation had to conform with historic-preservation guidelines because Village East was still being considered for city-landmark designation.[23][32] The architects used archival photos to restore the theater's design features.[35]

The project ultimately cost $8 million.[22][35] Village East Cinemas opened on February 22, 1991,[22][232] initially with only five screens in operation.[35] The LPC designated the exterior and interior of the theater as a landmark in 1993.[12][20] Since then, it has shown a mixture of Hollywood productions and indie films. The Village East Cinema also shows films that originally opened at the Angelika Film Center, an arthouse chain that is also an arm of Reading International.[31] The multiplex also hosted movies that were screened as part of the annual New York International Children's Film Festival.[233]

EverGreene Architectural Arts restored the theater at the beginning of 2015.[10][234] The work involved replacing some of the historical design features that had deteriorated over the years.[234] The theater closed temporarily in March 2020 due to the COVID-19 pandemic in New York City. When the theater reopened on March 5, 2021,[235][236] it was rebranded as Village East by Angelika.[237] A new bar and kitchen were announced for the theater in late 2021.[238]

Notable productions

See also

References

Notes

  1. ^ The theater has also been known as the Louis N. Jaffe Theater, Yiddish Art Theatre, Yiddish Folks Theatre, Molly Picon's Folks Theatre, Germans' Folks Theatre, Century Theatre, New Jewish Folk Theatre, Stuyvesant Theatre, Phoenix Theatre, Casino East Theatre, Gayety Theatre, Eden Theatre, 12th Street Cinema, Entermedia Theater, Second Avenue Theater, and Village East Cinema.[2]
  2. ^ a b Landmarks Preservation Commission 1993, p. 21, counts both previews and regular performances. For example, The Golden Land is counted as having 295 performances (including 18 previews), and The Chosen is recorded as having 58 performances (including 52 previews).
  3. ^ Miss Julie and The Stronger were performed in repertory.[253][254]
  4. ^ The Chairs and The Lesson were performed in repertory.[273][274]
  5. ^ Composed of three plays: The Forced Marriage, The Imaginary Cuckold, and The Jealousy of the Barbouille.[282][281]

Citations

  1. ^ "National Register Information System". National Register of Historic Places. National Park Service. November 2, 2013.
  2. ^ Landmarks Preservation Commission 1993, pp. 6–10.
  3. ^ White, Norval; Willensky, Elliot; Leadon, Fran (2010). AIA Guide to New York City (5th ed.). New York: Oxford University Press. p. 0. ISBN 978-0-19538-386-7.
  4. ^ a b c d e National Park Service 1985, p. 2.
  5. ^ a b "189 2 Avenue, 10003". New York City Department of City Planning. Retrieved April 14, 2022.
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  7. ^ a b "Yiddish Art Theater Finds New Home on 12th St". The Billboard. Vol. 36, no. 19. May 9, 1925. p. 11. ProQuest 1031764080.
  8. ^ a b c d e f g Landmarks Preservation Commission 1993, p. 10; National Park Service 1985, p. 2.
  9. ^ a b "Theatre Building on Second Avenue: Tearing Down Houses for Yiddish Art Home on Stuyvesant Farm Site, Near St, Mark's Church". The New York Times. June 28, 1925. p. RE1. ISSN 0362-4331. ProQuest 103663798.
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    "The Infernal Machine (Broadway, Eden Theatre, 1958)". Playbill. Retrieved April 18, 2022.
  276. ^ Atkinson, Brooks (February 4, 1958). "Theatre: The Oedipus Myth Retold; ' Infernal Machine' by Cocteau at Phoenix". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved April 16, 2022.
  277. ^ a b Calta, Louis (March 22, 1958). "Phoenix to Offer Repertory Touch; Will Alternate 'Broken Jug' and 'Gentlemen of Verona' -- Joyce Ballou Signed". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved April 16, 2022.
  278. ^ The Broadway League (March 18, 1958). "Two Gentlemen of Verona – Broadway Play – Original". IBDB. Retrieved April 18, 2022.
    "Two Gentlemen of Verona (Broadway, Eden Theatre, 1958)". Playbill. Retrieved April 18, 2022.
  279. ^ The Broadway League (April 1, 1958). "The Broken Jug – Broadway Play – Original". IBDB. Retrieved April 18, 2022.
    "The Broken Jug (Broadway, Eden Theatre, 1958)". Playbill. Retrieved April 18, 2022.
  280. ^ The Broadway League (April 29, 1958). "Le Malade Imaginaire – Broadway Play – Original". IBDB. Retrieved April 18, 2022.
    "Le Malade Imaginaire (Broadway, Eden Theatre, 1958)". Playbill. Retrieved April 18, 2022.
  281. ^ a b The Broadway League (May 6, 1958). "An Evening of 3 Farces – Broadway Play – Original". IBDB. Retrieved April 18, 2022.
    "An Evening of 3 Farces (Broadway, Eden Theatre, 1958)". Playbill. Retrieved April 18, 2022.
  282. ^ a b Campbell, Kenneth (May 7, 1958). "Moliere Farces; Canadian Troupe Does Three at Phoenix". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved April 16, 2022.
  283. ^ The Broadway League (October 20, 1958). "The Family Reunion – Broadway Play – Original". IBDB. Retrieved April 18, 2022.
    "The Family Reunion (Broadway, Eden Theatre, 1958)". Playbill. Retrieved April 18, 2022.
  284. ^ Atkinson, Brooks (October 21, 1958). "Theatre: Eliot's 'The Family Reunion'; Phoenix Inaugurates Nobel Prize Series". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved April 16, 2022.
  285. ^ The Broadway League (November 28, 1958). "Britannicus – Broadway Play – Original". IBDB. Retrieved April 18, 2022.
    "Britannicus (Broadway, Eden Theatre, 1958)". Playbill. Retrieved April 18, 2022.
  286. ^ Campbell, Kenneth (November 29, 1958). "Theatre: 'Britannicus' at the Phoenix; Racine Play Offered by French Troupe". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved April 16, 2022.
  287. ^ The Broadway League (December 10, 1958). "The Power and the Glory – Broadway Play – Original". IBDB. Retrieved April 18, 2022.
    "The Power and the Glory (Broadway, Eden Theatre, 1958)". Playbill. Retrieved April 18, 2022.
  288. ^ Atkinson, Brooks (December 12, 1958). "'The Power and the Glory' at Phoenix". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved April 16, 2022.
  289. ^ The Broadway League (February 24, 1959). "The Beaux Stratagem – Broadway Play – 1959 Revival". IBDB. Retrieved April 18, 2022.
    "The Beaux Stratagem (Broadway, Eden Theatre, 1959)". Playbill. Retrieved April 18, 2022.
  290. ^ Atkinson, Brooks (February 25, 1959). "The Theatre: Restoration Comedy; 'The Beaux' Stratagem' Revived at Phoenix Stuart Vaughan Directs Play by Farquhar". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved April 16, 2022.
  291. ^ The Broadway League (May 11, 1959). "Once Upon a Mattress – Broadway Musical – Original". IBDB. Retrieved April 18, 2022.
  292. ^ Atkinson, Brooks (May 12, 1959). "Beguiling Tale; Once Upon Mattress' Staged at Phoenix". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved April 16, 2022.
  293. ^ The Broadway League (November 24, 1959). "Lysistrata – Broadway Play – 1959 Revival". IBDB. Retrieved April 18, 2022.
    "Lysistrata (Broadway, Eden Theatre, 1959)". Playbill. Retrieved April 18, 2022.
  294. ^ Atkinson, Brooks (December 6, 1959). "Midseason Blues; William Inge's 'A Loss of Roses' Below Standard -- So Is Phoenix' 'Lysistrata'". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved April 16, 2022.
  295. ^ The Broadway League (January 12, 1960). "Peer Gynt – Broadway Play – 1960 Revival". IBDB. Retrieved April 18, 2022.
    "Peer Gynt (Broadway, Eden Theatre, 1960)". Playbill. Retrieved April 18, 2022.
  296. ^ Atkinson, Brooks (January 13, 1960). "The Theatre: 'Peer Gynt'; New Version of Ibsen Play at Phoenix". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved April 16, 2022.
  297. ^ The Broadway League (March 1, 1960). "Henry IV, Part I – Broadway Play – 1960 Revival". IBDB. Retrieved April 18, 2022.
    "King Henry IV, Part I (Broadway, Eden Theatre, 1960)". Playbill. Retrieved April 18, 2022.
  298. ^ Atkinson, Brooks (March 2, 1960). "Theatre: Good Mood at the Phoenix; Henry IV, Part I' Is Revived Downtown". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved April 16, 2022.
  299. ^ The Broadway League (April 18, 1960). "Henry IV, Part II – Broadway Play – 1960 Revival". IBDB. Retrieved April 18, 2022.
    "King Henry IV, Part II (Broadway, Eden Theatre, 1960)". Playbill. Retrieved April 18, 2022.
  300. ^ Atkinson, Brooks (April 19, 1960). "Shakespearean Work Is Staged by Vaughan". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved April 16, 2022.
  301. ^ The Broadway League (September 7, 1960). "H.M.S. Pinafore – Broadway Musical – 1960 Revival". IBDB. Retrieved April 18, 2022.
    "H.M.S. Pinafore (Broadway, Eden Theatre, 1960)". Playbill. Retrieved April 18, 2022.
  302. ^ Taubman, Howard (September 8, 1960). "The Theatre: Modernized 'Pinafore'; Guthrie's Version Is Staged at Phoenix". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved April 16, 2022.
  303. ^ The Broadway League (November 1, 1960). "She Stoops to Conquer – Broadway Play – 1960 Revival". IBDB. Retrieved April 18, 2022.
    "She Stoops to Conquer (Broadway, Eden Theatre, 1960)". Playbill. Retrieved April 18, 2022.
  304. ^ Taubman, Howard (November 2, 1960). "Theatre: 'She Stoops to Conquer,' Lively as Ever; Production at Phoenix Directed by Vaughan Gerry Jedd and Donald Madden Head Cast". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved April 16, 2022.
  305. ^ The Broadway League (December 6, 1960). "The Plough and the Stars – Broadway Play – 1960 Revival". IBDB. Retrieved April 18, 2022.
    "The Plough and the Stars (Broadway, Eden Theatre, 1960)". Playbill. Retrieved April 18, 2022.
  306. ^ Taubman, Howard (December 7, 1960). "Theatre: Easter Rising; O'Casey's 'The Plough and the Stars' Opens". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved April 16, 2022.
  307. ^ The Broadway League (January 27, 1961). "The Octoroon – Broadway Play – 1961 Revival". IBDB. Retrieved April 18, 2022.
    "The Octoroon (Broadway, Eden Theatre, 1961)". Playbill. Retrieved April 18, 2022.
  308. ^ Taubman, Howard (January 28, 1961). "Theatre: Fun and Hisses; Boucicault's 'Octoroon' Revived at Phoenix". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved April 16, 2022.
  309. ^ The Broadway League (March 16, 1961). "Hamlet – Broadway Play – 1961 Revival". IBDB. Retrieved April 18, 2022.
    "Hamlet (Broadway, Eden Theatre, 1961)". Playbill. Retrieved April 18, 2022.
  310. ^ Taubman, Howard (March 17, 1961). "Theatre: Donald Madden as Hamlet; Stuart Vaughan Directs Drama at Phoenix". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved April 16, 2022.
  311. ^ Taubman, Howard (September 7, 1961). "Theatre: Cheerful Start; Guthrie's 'Pirates of Penzance' at Phoenix". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved April 16, 2022.
  312. ^ The Broadway League (June 17, 1969). "Oh! Calcutta! – Broadway Musical – Original". IBDB. Retrieved April 18, 2022.
    "Oh! Calcutta! (Broadway, Eden Theatre, 1969)". Playbill. Retrieved April 18, 2022.
  313. ^ The Broadway League (February 14, 1972). "Grease – Broadway Musical – Original". IBDB. Retrieved April 18, 2022.
    "Grease (Broadway, Eden Theatre, 1972)". Playbill. Retrieved April 18, 2022.

Sources

External links

 
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January 07, 2023
village, east, angelika, several, terms, redirect, here, other, uses, century, theatre, disambiguation, gaiety, theatre, disambiguation, phoenix, theatre, disambiguation, belasco, stuyvesant, theatre, Éden, théâtre, yiddish, theatre, originally, louis, jaffe, . Several terms redirect here For other uses see Century Theatre disambiguation Gaiety Theatre disambiguation Phoenix Theatre disambiguation Belasco s Stuyvesant Theatre Eden Theatre and Yiddish Art Theatre Village East by Angelika originally the Louis N Jaffe Art Theatre also Village East and formerly known by several other names a is a movie theater at 189 Second Avenue on the corner with 12th Street in the East Village of Manhattan in New York City Part of the former Yiddish Theatre District the theater was designed in the Moorish Revival style by Harrison Wiseman and built from 1925 to 1926 by Louis Jaffe In addition to Yiddish theatre the theater has hosted off Broadway shows burlesque and movies Since 1991 it has been operated by Angelika Film Center as a seven screen multiplex Both the exterior and interior of the theater are New York City designated landmarks and the theater is on the National Register of Historic Places Village East by AngelikaFormer namesList Louis N Jaffe TheaterYiddish Art Theatre 1926 1928 1932 1934 Yiddish Folks Theatre 1928 1937 Molly Picon s Folks Theatre 1930 1931 Germans Folks Theatre 1931 1932 Century Theatre 1937 1946 New Jewish Folk Theatre 1944 1945 Stuyvesant Theatre 1946 1953 Phoenix Theatre 1953 1961 Casino East Theater 1961 1965 Gayety Theater 1965 1969 Eden Theater 1969 1976 12th Street Cinema 1976 1977 Entermedia Theater 1977 1985 Second Avenue Theater 1985 1988 Village East Cinema 1991 2021 Address181 189 Second AvenueLocationEast Village Manhattan New York CityCoordinates40 43 51 N 73 59 11 W 40 73083 N 73 98639 W 40 73083 73 98639 Yiddish Art Theatre Coordinates 40 43 51 N 73 59 11 W 40 73083 N 73 98639 W 40 73083 73 98639 Yiddish Art Theatre Public transitNew York City Subway Third Avenue First Avenue at Astor PlaceOwnerSenyar Holding CompanyOperatorCity Cinemas Reading International Angelika Film CenterTypeYiddish Off BroadwayScreens7Current useMovie theaterConstructionArchitectHarrison WisemanWebsitewww wbr angelikafilmcenter wbr com wbr villageeastYiddish Art TheatreU S National Register of Historic PlacesNYC Landmark No 1764 1765Show map of ManhattanShow map of New York CityShow map of New YorkShow map of the United StatesLocation189 Second Avenue New York New YorkCoordinates40 43 51 N 73 59 11 W 40 73083 N 73 98639 W 40 73083 73 98639 Yiddish Art Theatre Arealess than one acreBuilt1926 1926 ArchitectHarrison G WisemanArchitectural styleMoorishNRHP reference No 85002427 1 NYCL No 1764 1765Significant datesAdded to NRHPSeptember 19 1985Designated NYCLFebruary 9 1993Village East s main entrance is through a three story office wing on Second Avenue which has a facade of cast stone The auditorium is housed in the rear along 12th Street The first story contains storefronts and a lobby while the second and third stories contained offices which were converted into apartments in the 1960s The main lobby connects to another lobby along 12th Street with a promenade behind the auditorium The auditorium consists of a ground level orchestra and one overhanging balcony with boxes The balcony remains in its original condition but the orchestra and former stage area have been divided into six screens The Louis N Jaffe Art Theatre was originally used by the Yiddish Art Theatre and largely served as a Yiddish playhouse from 1926 to 1945 It opened on November 17 1926 with The Tenth Commandment The Yiddish Art Theatre moved out of the theater after two seasons and it became the Yiddish Folks Theatre The venue was leased by Molly Picon in 1930 1931 and by Misha and Lucy German in 1931 1932 The Yiddish Arts Theatre then performed at the theater until 1934 after which the Yiddish Folks continued for two more years From 1936 to 1944 the building was a movie theater called the Century Theatre with Yiddish performances during two seasons After a decline in Yiddish theater the Jaffe Art Theatre was renamed the Stuyvesant Theatre in 1946 and continued as a movie theater for seven years The then new Phoenix Theatre used the playhouse from 1953 to 1961 The Jaffe Art Theatre then became the Casino East Theatre which hosted the burlesque production This Was Burlesque for three years before becoming a burlesque house called the Gayety Theatre in 1965 The theater was renamed yet again in 1969 this time operating as the off Broadway Eden Theatre until 1976 showing the revue Oh Calcutta The venue was then converted into a movie theater the 12th Street Cinema before returning to live shows in 1977 under the name Entermedia Theatre renamed the Second Avenue Theatre in 1985 After closing in 1988 the Jaffe Art Theatre was renovated into Village East Cinema reopening in 1991 Angelika rebranded the theater in 2021 Contents 1 Description 1 1 Facade 1 2 Interior 1 2 1 Lobbies 1 2 2 Auditorium 1 2 3 Other spaces 2 History 2 1 Development and opening 2 2 Yiddish shows 2 2 1 1920s 2 2 2 1930s 2 2 3 Decline and film conversion 2 3 Off Broadway use 2 3 1 Phoenix Theatre era 2 3 2 Burlesque and nude era 2 3 3 Yiddish revival and legitimate shows 2 4 Village East use 3 Notable productions 4 See also 5 References 5 1 Notes 5 2 Citations 5 3 Sources 6 External linksDescription EditVillage East originally the Yiddish Art Theatre is at the southwestern corner of East 12th Street and Second Avenue in the East Village of Manhattan in New York City within the former Yiddish Theatre District 3 4 The theater occupies a rectangular land lot of 12 077 square feet 1 122 0 m2 5 with a frontage of 103 feet 31 m on Second Avenue and 117 25 feet 36 m on 12th Street 6 7 It is composed of two sections a three story office wing with a cast stone facade facing east on Second Avenue as well as an auditorium wing with a brown brick facade extending westward along 12th Street 8 The site is a block north of St Mark s Church 5 9 The theater was built by Louis Jaffe a developer and prominent Jewish community leader for Maurice Schwartz s Yiddish Art Theatre which presented works in Yiddish The theater was designed in the Moorish Revival style by Harrison Wiseman while William Pogany consulted on the interior design 10 11 12 Despite the prevalence of Yiddish theaters in the area in the early 20th century the Jaffe Art Theatre was the only one in the Yiddish Theatre District that was specifically built for a Yiddish theatrical group 13 By the 21st century Village East was the only remaining Yiddish theater building on Second Avenue the onetime center of the Yiddish Theatre District 14 Facade Edit Detail of main entrance arch In the intrados of the arch are half menorahs Above those seven Moorish style openings with medallions are arranged in a semicircle Detail of smaller arches on Second Avenue left and 12th Street right Exterior of the Jaffe Art Theater in 1985 On the building s Second Avenue elevation the first two stories consist of a double height arcade with seven arches each corresponding to one bay The main entrance is in the second northernmost bay and is taller and wider than the others This bay contains a large archway surrounded by panels with geometric and foliate decorations 8 There are four metal and glass doors at the ground floor with a projecting triangular marquee sign above 15 The marquee was originally rectangular and had decorations at its corners 16 To the left south of the main entrance is a door to the upper office stories topped by a lintel with the inscribed words Jaffe Art Theatre Bldg To the right north is a sign board and a cornerstone containing an inscription of the Gregorian date May 23 1926 in English and the corresponding Hebrew calendar date in Hebrew 15 The intrados near the top of the arch contains capitals shaped like half menorahs 12 15 Above those seven Moorish style openings with medallions are arranged in a semicircle 4 The top of the entrance bay contains a cornice supported by round corbels 15 The other six arches are identical round arched openings and are separated by paneled pilasters The top of each pilaster contains a capital with foliate and geometric motifs and birds The smaller arches formerly contained six storefronts one in each bay 8 After the building was converted into a cinema in 1990 the northernmost bay was converted to an interior staircase while the two bays immediately south of the main entrance became ticket counters The remaining storefronts in the three southernmost bays contain aluminum storefronts at the first floor as well as aluminum spandrel panels between the first and second floors 15 At the third floor there are two small arched windows in each bay These are separated by pilasters with guilloche motifs which are topped by capitals with foliate decorations 8 The roof above the northernmost bay contains a small dormer unit while the roof above the southern five bays is a terrace 15 The easternmost portion of the 12th Street elevation contains two bays of double height arches and paired windows similar to those in the Second Avenue elevation The steel framed auditorium structure is clad in brick 8 The outer portions of the auditorium facade are treated as pavilions They are slightly taller than the rest of the auditorium and protrude slightly from the central section of the facade Each outer pavilion contains a metal gate at ground level above which is an arched opening with a fire stair behind it 17 The center of the facade contains a cast stone doorway surrounding five sets of exit doors 8 There is a carved corbel on either side of the doorway 15 Above the doors is a blind brick arch surrounding a panel with pink terracotta quatrefoils 8 The top of the auditorium facade is made of a band of cast stone 17 An alley runs to the west of the theater 18 Interior Edit The interior is decorated in a gold blue rose cream and silver color scheme Many of the interior decorations are inspired by the Alhambra in Spain 19 The decorations also contain elements of Moorish Islamic and Judaic architecture 19 20 Most decorations resemble their original condition even though the layout of the theater has been substantially changed 12 19 The interior of Village East was used as a filming location for the films The Night They Raided Minsky s in 1968 and The Fan in 1981 15 as well as a promotional video for Reese s Peanut Butter Cups in 1984 21 Lobbies Edit Ceiling of the main lobby The theater has two lobbies The main one on Second Avenue was a square space 4 subsequently expanded to a rectangular space while a secondary lobby on 12th Street provides access to the balcony level 19 When the theater was converted into a movie theater in the early 1990s all of the floor surfaces were covered or replaced with a carpet containing red gold blue and gray patterns 22 Originally the main lobby had a floor made of terracotta with a pattern of white rhombus motifs The box office was on the north wall while the south wall contained mirrored panels 4 Only the original ceiling of the main lobby remains intact The center of the ceiling contains a medallion the edges of the ceiling contain a frieze with corbels as well as decorative rectangular and square panels During the early 1990s renovation the lobby was expanded southward and a concession stand and a wall of poster boards were installed 19 The lobby also contains an exhibit about the history of Yiddish theatre 23 22 On the northern side of the theater building to the right of the main lobby is the 12th Street lobby 24 The walls there are buff colored and are designed to resemble travertine The exit doors on the north wall contain trefoil arches corbels and Moorish exit signs The ceiling has three circular chandeliers and is ornately designed with floral symbols and circles The 12th Street lobby connects to a pair of segmentally arched alcoves inside which are stairs descending to the basement 19 On the north wall of the 12th Street lobby two curved staircases with wrought iron railings lead up to a narrow promenade behind the balcony level seating 19 25 The underside of the balcony promenade immediately above the 12th Street lobby contains three medallions each of which contains six pointed arabesques as well as recessed lighting fixtures and a decorative border Above the promenade are four rectangular panels and one square panel each with cartouches at its center in addition to recessed lighting Small staircases at the western and eastern ends of the promenade lead up to the top of the balcony level seating 19 Auditorium Edit The auditorium has an orchestra level a balcony boxes and a proscenium arch that originally had a stage behind it 26 27 The auditorium is oriented toward the south with the rear wall and 12th Street lobby being to the north 24 The original auditorium contained 1 143 4 1 236 28 29 1 252 27 or 1 265 seats 30 The orchestra level was initially raked sloping down toward an orchestra pit in front of the stage 25 The stage originally measured 30 by 36 feet 9 1 by 11 0 m across 25 In 1990 the theater was multiplexed being split into a seven screen movie theater Most of the original decorations remain intact although the seating at orchestra level was raised to the height of the original stage 27 Screens 1 through 5 are within the original auditorium while screens 6 and 7 are within the stage area 31 In all seven screens the seats are 21 to 22 inches 530 to 560 mm wide larger than similar theaters 22 The balcony level is the largest and most ornate screen it originally had 500 seats Below the balcony are four additional screens two 200 seat venues within the original orchestra level a 175 seat venue in a former basement restaurant and a 75 seat venue in a sidewalk vault 22 32 The stage area was divided into two screens one above the other 31 32 The lower screen is at the level of the original stage while the upper screen is about 60 feet 18 m above the ground within the former fly loft 32 The side walls of the auditorium are made of textured plaster and were initially painted in a buff color though it was subsequently repainted blue gray The front of the balcony is decorated with rosettes and round arched panels atop which are a parapet and railing After the original auditorium was multiplexed a lower balcony was created in front of the original balcony connected to it by double staircases The lower balcony has an exit to the promenade directly below the original balcony as well as a ramp leading to an exit on the north wall 19 There are 40 seats within the lower balcony 33 On either side of the proscenium arch is a wall section with one box at the balcony level 34 The boxes are each recessed within a pointed Moorish arch which is framed by vermiculated quoins and topped by voussoirs The inner reveals of the boxes contain colonettes above which are lambrequin arches The fronts of the boxes contain rosettes and round arched panels which wrap around to the front of the balcony 19 Next to the boxes is a flat proscenium arch which is surrounded by floral and geometric decorations 34 The proscenium opening has been bricked up 32 and a movie screen for the balcony level seats has been installed within the proscenium 19 The middle of the ceiling contains a shallow circular dome measuring 40 feet 12 m across 32 35 At the center of the dome is a medallion with the Star of David which is enclosed within a larger six pointed star with trefoils at its points A metal chandelier with two tiers hangs from the center of the dome 10 36 The outer border of the dome is decorated with wrought iron grilles and motifs of the Star of David 25 There are also fascia panels around the dome some of which have been modified to accommodate projection equipment and ventilation openings 10 19 Outside of the dome the ceiling contains ornate gilded plaster moldings 10 36 The decoration is intended to resemble a honeycomb and contains rosettes eight pointed stars and strapwork There are ducts near where the ceiling intersects with the walls 19 The ceiling is actually made of 3 by 3 foot 0 91 by 0 91 m panels suspended from the roof via iron bars 10 Other spaces Edit Former office area on Second Avenue Above the stage were twelve dressing rooms as well as access to the space above the dome Under the stage were offices storage rooms and access to the orchestra pit In addition the theater s restrooms lounge and administrative offices were in the basement behind the auditorium near 12th Street 25 The lounge contained busts of prominent playwrights and performers in Yiddish theatre such as Abraham Goldfaden David Kessler Jacob Pavlovich Adler Jacob Gordin and Sholem Aleichem 37 The basement also included a restaurant and cabaret nightclub 28 38 39 The second and third stories along Second Avenue contained rehearsal rooms These were accessed from the third bay from north just left of the main entrance 25 These floors also contained offices 38 39 The Russian Art Restaurant took up one of the storefronts for several years Among the building s office tenants were the Jewish National Workers Alliance Yiddisher Kultur Farband and Jewish Folk Schools The offices were converted into apartments in the 1960s The residents included actress Jackie Curtis photographer Peter Hujar and painter David Wojnarowicz 15 History EditDuring the 1880s New York City s Jewish immigrant population started moving to the East Village and the Lower East Side in large numbers 40 41 many immigrants were Ashkenazi Jews who spoke Yiddish 13 The Yiddish Theatre District was developed during the late 19th and early 20th centuries to provide entertainment for the growing Jewish population 42 While most early Yiddish theaters were south of Houston Street 40 many producers moved north along Second Avenue in the early 20th century 43 44 One of them was Maurice Schwartz who came from Ukraine and founded the Yiddish Art Theatre in 1918 45 46 47 The theatre company was originally housed in several theater buildings 45 47 48 Developer and lawyer Louis N Jaffe had watched one of the Yiddish Art Theatre s shows at Madison Square Garden and was so impressed that he decided to build a dedicated building for the company 49 37 Development and opening EditIn May 1925 Jaffe acquired a site on 12th Street and Second Avenue formerly part of the Stuyvesant Farm He hired Harrison G Wiseman to design a building with a 1 200 seat theater for Schwartz s company 6 7 The theater would be designed in what media described as an old Jerusalem style In addition to being the Yiddish Art Theatre s home the building would contain offices for the theatre company s staff and the Jaffe Art Film Corporation a gymnasium and a theatrical library 50 51 The theatre company would lease the theater at a nominal price 52 The demolition of Madison Square Garden had forced the Yiddish Art Players to relocate to the Nora Bayes Theatre in the midtown Theater District 37 53 Initially the project was to have been completed in December 1925 54 Cornerstone showing both English and Hebrew datesWiseman filed plans with the New York City Department of Buildings DOB at the end of May 1925 shortly after Jaffe acquired the site 49 55 The building was to cost 235 000 The DOB initially objected to the project because of its location within a residential neighborhood the lack of exits to the west and the absence of a setback along Second Avenue 56 Site clearing began the next month 49 and five old houses were torn down to make way for the theater 9 Olga Loev widow of Sholem Aleichem 52 57 laid the theater s cornerstone at a ceremony on May 23 1926 53 57 Playwright Herman Bernstein said that the event was of magnitude for Jews in America given the Yiddish Art Theatre s success in spite of early difficulties 52 57 Portraits of Abraham Goldfaden the father of the Yiddish theatre movement and Peter Stuyvesant the owner of the Stuyvesant Farm were placed inside the cornerstone 57 Jaffe said he wanted the theater to be a permanent monument to prove that the Jewish immigrant to the United States is a useful citizen and makes a definite contribution to the country responding to anti Semitic comments that Stuyvesant had made three centuries prior 58 By mid 1926 the Jaffe Art Theater was expected to open that September 59 but it remained closed past that date Schwartz then planned to open the theater on November 11 with The Tenth Commandment his adaptation of Goldfaden s play Thou Shalt Not Covet 30 37 60 Before the theater opened the New York Herald Tribune called it a lasting monument to Yiddish art 60 while The New York Times said the theater building will be the most attractive amusement structure in that locality 59 The Louis N Jaffe Art Theater opened on November 17 1926 with The Tenth Commandment In the opening night program Schwartz described the theater s opening as the culmination of a lifelong dream 61 62 The opening night visitors included theatrical personalities such as Daniel Frohman Owen Davis and Robert Milton as well as non theatrical notables such as Otto Kahn and Fannie Hurst 62 63 The theater which cost 1 million to construct was not officially completed until January 8 1927 52 Yiddish shows Edit The Jaffe Art Theatre was one of the last Yiddish theaters to open on Second Avenue having been completed just as Yiddish theater was starting to decline 29 From 1926 to 1945 the Jaffe Art Theatre largely hosted Yiddish productions though it changed names several times based on whichever company appeared there It hosted not only straight plays but also revues musicals and operettas Notable performers during this era included Joseph Buloff Celia Adler Luba Kadison Ludwig Satz Molly Picon Menasha Skulnik Joseph M Rumshinsky Ola Lilith and Jacob Ben Ami 64 Yiddish theatre historian Nahma Sandrow referred to the theater as a temple for Yiddish theatre saying It was more than just a physical building it really existed in people s cultural consciousnesses 65 1920s Edit For the rest of the 1926 1927 season the Jaffe Art Theatre was occupied by limited runs of six productions Mendele Spivak in 1926 66 67 and Her Crime Reverend Doctor Silver Yoske Musicanti Wolves and Menschen Shtoib in early 1927 66 After a summer hiatus 68 the theater then reopened the 1927 1928 season with the play Greenberg s Daughters in September 1927 69 The season also featured the play The Gardener s Dog the first American production by Boris Glagolin s Moscow Revolution Theater 66 70 Other plays of that season included The Gold Diggers and On Foreign Soil in late 1927 as well as Alexander Pushkin and American Chasidim in early 1928 66 Schwartz appeared in many of these plays 66 Despite high expectations the theater performed worse than expected in its first two seasons 71 72 Among the reasons for this were the rise of talking pictures negotiations with performers unions and a decline in Jewish immigration 71 In April 1928 Jaffe leased the theater to the Amboard Theatre Corporation headed by Morris Lifschitz 72 The next month the Louis N Jaffe Art Theatre Corporation sold the theater to a client of Jacob I Berman 73 74 The Yiddish Art Theatre moved out after two seasons 75 76 because Schwartz had severed his agreement with Jaffe 75 The New York City Landmarks Preservation Commission LPC stated that the Jaffe Art Theatre remained vacant for the 1928 1929 season 77 but contemporary news reports indicate that the Yiddish Folk Theatre occupied the building during that season starting with a dance recital in September 1928 75 78 The Yiddish Folks Theatre gave at least two other performances at the theater both directed by Ludwig Satz 66 His Wife s Lover opened in October 1929 79 80 followed by If the Rabbi Wants that December 81 82 1930s Edit Marquee The comedienne Molly Picon leased the Jaffe Art Theatre in June 1930 83 84 and it was renamed Molly Picon s Folks Theatre 77 Isaac Lipshitz acquired the theater in a foreclosure proceeding that August 71 85 and the play The Girl of Yesterday opened the next month starring Picon 86 87 This was followed in January 1931 by the play The Love Thief also starring Picon 88 89 Prosper Realty Corporation was recorded as taking ownership of the theater that February 77 Misha and Lucy German also spelled Gehrman 90 leased the theater in May 1931 and the theater was rebranded yet again as the Germans Folks Theatre 77 91 Under the German family s ownership the theater hosted at least four performances One Woman in 1931 92 93 and In a Tenement House Pioneers and Wedding Chains in 1932 92 The Yiddish Art Theatre returned to the theater after Schwartz leased it for the 1932 1933 season 94 95 The company opened the season with Yoshe Kalb which ran for 235 performances at the theater 96 and was then performed on Broadway in English 77 97 for a total of 300 performances 98 Other Yiddish plays performed in 1932 1933 included Chayim Lederer Legend of Yiddish King Lear Bread and Revolt Schwartz also leased the theater for the 1933 1934 season when he hosted Wise Men of Chelm Josephus and Modern Children 94 The theatrical company departed in April 1934 and the venue again became the Yiddish Folks Theatre since Schwartz owned the rights to the Yiddish Art Theatre name 77 90 Under the direction of Joseph Buloff the New York Art Troupe leased the theater for the 1934 1935 season 99 100 hosting eight plays there 94 Menasha Skulnik and Joseph M Rumshinsky signed a lease for the theater in April 1935 101 then announced plans to lease the theater as a movie house until the fall 102 One newspaper proclaimed that the Yiddish Folks Theatre would become the world s first movie theater that hosted films exclusively in Yiddish though it is unknown whether this ever happened 77 The first live show that Skulnik and Rumshinsky hosted at the theater was Fishel der Gerutener English The Perfect Fishel which opened in September 1935 103 104 The men hosted three other shows Schlemiehl in September 1936 105 106 Straw Hero in November 1936 107 108 and The Galician Rabbi in 1937 109 110 Decline and film conversion Edit By the late 1930s the popularity of Yiddish theatre was starting to wane Various reasons were cited for the decline including a slowdown in the number of Jewish immigrants after World War I and the fact that younger Jews were blending in with American culture 111 112 In addition the city s Jewish population dispersed from the Lower East Side and East Village 112 By March 1937 just ten years after the Yiddish Folks Theatre had opened independent film operators Weinstock and Hertzig planned to lease the theater for movies 113 Saulray Theatres Corporation leased the theater the next month 77 and it became a movie theater called the Century 31 77 The conversion occurred as similar Yiddish venues in the East Village and Lower East Side had become movie houses 112 Shortly after the Century reopened its sound equipment was replaced 114 The theater went into foreclosure by September 1937 and was taken over by the Greater New York Savings Bank 77 In June 1940 the Yiddish Folks Theatre leased the Century for one season 115 116 The Yiddish Folks Players then presented Sunrise that October 104 117 followed by Sixty Years of Yiddish Theatre a musical in honor of Rumshinsky in January 1941 118 119 The troupe s manager Jacob Wexler died in the middle of the 1940 1941 season and Ola Lilith took over the troupe s management 115 The third and final Yiddish show of the season was A Favorn Vinkel The Forsaken Nook in February 1941 104 with a special performance in honor of Ludwig Satz 120 121 The Century s operators announced that March that they would return the theater to a film policy showing three American feature films every day 122 123 After a renovation the Century screened the feature film Gone with the Wind that April 115 124 In addition O Gara amp Co Inc was hired to lease out the office space on Second Avenue 125 In 1942 the Greater New York Savings Bank leased the theater to the Century Theatre Company for ten years 126 127 The bank then leased the Jaffe Art Theatre in January 1944 to Benjamin Benito who planned to stage Italian opera and vaudeville there 128 The Raynes Realty Company acquired the theater from the bank that September and discontinued Benito s lease 38 39 Jacob Ben Ami s New Jewish Folk Theater leased the theater during the 1944 1945 season operating it as the Century Theatre 129 130 Ben Ami presented two shows The Miracle of the Warsaw Ghetto by H Leivick and We Will Live by David Bergelson in what was the theater s last season as a Yiddish theatrical venue 115 By then many Yiddish speakers had been murdered in the Holocaust further contributing to the decline in Yiddish theatre 111 131 The Jaffe Art Theatre then reopened as a 1 082 seat movie theater the Stuyvesant Theatre around March 1946 The theater continued to screen films until 1953 31 115 Off Broadway use Edit Phoenix Theatre era Edit 12th Street facade In October 1953 Norris Houghton and T Edward Hambleton formed the Phoenix Theatre company and leased the Jaffe Art Theatre initially for a series of five plays 132 133 The Phoenix Theatre was a pioneering project in the development of off Broadway with a different approach to legitimate theatre than found on Broadway Houghton and Hambleton had wanted a theater away from Broadway s Theater District The Jaffe Art Theatre had appealed to them because it was newer than most Broadway venues and also because it was close to Stuyvesant Town Peter Cooper Village which had 30 000 residents The group planned to charge a relatively cheap 1 20 to 3 00 per ticket in return performers would not be paid more than 100 per week and each show would have a four week limited run 115 134 A writer for Variety described Phoenix s formation as one of the most important off Broadway developments of recent years 135 Phoenix s first production was Sidney Howard s play Madam Will You Walk which opened in December 1953 with Hume Cronyn and Jessica Tandy 136 Other notable shows of the 1953 1954 season included Coriolanus The Golden Apple and The Seagull 104 The troupe s first season was successful The Golden Apple transferred to Broadway while The Seagull was sold out through its limited run 137 This prompted Houghton to renew his lease on the theater 138 The 1954 1955 season included the plays Sing Me No Lullaby The Doctor s Dilemma and The Master Builder 139 as well as the revue Phoenix 55 140 141 The theater also started hosting Sideshows a set of programs of diverse entertainment on Monday nights during that season 142 Additionally air conditioning was installed in the theater around 1955 so shows could be presented there during the summer 140 The presence of the Phoenix Theatre and other off Broadway companies on Second Avenue contributed to a revival of the former theatrical hub there 143 During the 1955 1956 season Phoenix presented plays from aspiring directors at the Jaffe Art Theatre as part of an experimental program 142 The regular season also included the plays Six Characters in Search of an Author The Adding Machine Miss Julie and The Stronger in repertory and A Month in the Country 139 For the 1956 1957 season Phoenix changed its policy to present exclusively revivals of 18th and 19th century works 144 The shows during this season included Saint Joan Diary of a Scoundrel The Good Woman of Setzuan Measure for Measure The Taming of the Shrew and The Duchess of Malfi 139 After the season ended Phoenix was reorganized as a nonprofit in an attempt to solve its financial troubles and Theater Incorporated took over the theater building 140 145 After Phoenix s reorganization the theater hosted several shows during the 1957 1958 season including Mary Stuart The Makropulos Secret The Chairs and The Lesson in repertory The Infernal Machine The Two Gentlemen of Verona The Broken Jug La Malade Imaginaire and three Moliere plays in repertory 146 Phoenix continued to lose money and had a relatively small 3 000 subscribers during 1957 1958 147 Interior of the Jaffe Art Theater from the Balcony in 1985 prior to renovations For the 1958 1959 season Phoenix decided to book plays by Nobel Prize winning writers such as T S Eliot 148 149 The plays during that season included The Family Reunion Britannicus The Power and the Glory The Beaux Stratagem and Once Upon a Mattress 150 After launching a drive to enroll new subscribers in April 1959 151 the theatrical company enrolled 9 000 subscribers and obtained 150 000 in subsidies by that June 152 This enabled Phoenix to pre select all of the plays in a season rather than booking plays as the season progressed for the first time in the troupe s history 153 The theater then hosted plays such as Lysistrata Peer Gynt and part 1 and part 2 of Shakespeare s Henry IV during 1959 1960 150 154 Phoenix s last full season at the theater in 1960 1961 consisted of H M S Pinafore She Stoops to Conquer The Plough and the Stars The Octoroon and Hamlet 150 The company relocated to the much smaller 74th Street Theater in late 1961 after The Pirates of Penzance the first play of the 1961 1962 season was staged at the Second Avenue theater 155 156 This move was prompted by the fact that after its first season Phoenix had consistently operated at a loss and could not fill the Jaffe Art Theatre 157 Burlesque and nude era Edit In November 1961 Michael Iannucci and Milton Warner leased the Jaffe Art Theatre for one year with an option to renew for another year 158 The next month the theater was renamed the Casino East Theater 140 and reopened with a Yiddish language show Gezunt un Meshuga Hale and Crazy 159 160 161 By then it had 1 150 seats 159 In March 1962 Casino East hosted the satirical burlesque production This Was Burlesque starring Ann Corio 162 163 During this time Iannucci managed the front of house or the publicly accessible parts of the theater Corio oversaw the stage and backstage operations with a speaker in her dressing room that allowed her to hear everything on stage 164 The revue was successful ultimately lasting 1 509 performances at the Casino 150 165 This Was Burlesque ultimately relocated to the Hudson Theatre on Broadway in March 1965 166 167 Corio said that tourists could not find Casino East and that ticket sellers could more easily sell tickets to the show if it were on Broadway 168 Afterward Casino East became the Gayety Theater 140 169 the only burlesque theater in Manhattan 140 170 The venue was operated by Leroy Griffith who had opened the burlesque venue there following the success of Corio s show 169 The operator charged 4 admission higher than at the Hudson Theatre 171 The off Broadway production Oh Calcutta a revue in which all the cast members were nude was announced for the theater in April 1969 upon which point the venue was renamed the Eden Theater 172 173 The revue s producer George Platt explained the renaming by saying We re not doing a burlesque show we re doing a legitimate show 173 Oh Calcutta opened at the theater in June 1969 174 175 While the Eden was as large as a standard Broadway theater Oh Calcutta used an off Broadway contract that limited the audience to 499 seats 176 nonetheless the show made a profit at the Eden 177 The revue moved to Broadway s Belasco Theatre in February 1971 178 after running for 704 performances 179 Yiddish revival and legitimate shows Edit Storefronts next to the theater s main entrance In March 1971 the Broadway musical Man of La Mancha moved from the Martin Beck Theatre to the Eden 176 180 La Mancha operated under a Broadway contract which allowed all of the Eden s seats to be used 176 the musical moved to Broadway s Mark Hellinger Theatre after three months 181 That June Jacob Jacobs leased the Eden with plans to host Yiddish shows there 182 Next the rock musical Grease opened in February 1972 183 184 under a Broadway contract that allowed all seats to be used 185 The musical moved to the Broadhurst Theatre that June 186 and later became Broadway s longest running musical 185 By then Jewish Nostalgic Productions was raising funds for a series of Yiddish plays at the Eden 187 The revue Crazy Now opened at the Eden in September 1972 188 189 followed the next month by a revival of Yoshe Kalb 190 191 In early 1973 the theater also hosted a dance special by Larry Richardson 192 and the Broadway musical Smith 193 194 the latter of which relocated to the Alvin Theatre 195 Jewish Nostalgic Productions staged several more shows of which three had more than 100 performances 179 For the 1973 1974 season the Eden was occupied by Aleichem s play Hard To Be a Jew 196 197 This was followed in the 1974 1975 season by another Aleichem play Dos Groyse Gevins The Big Winner 198 199 as well as a short run of A Wedding in Shtetel 200 Senyar Holding Company a firm owned by Martin Raynes took ownership of the theater in March 1975 140 During the 1975 1976 season the Eden hosted Sylvia Regan s musical The Fifth Season 201 202 The theater had become the 12th Street Cinema by mid 1976 203 but this use only lasted a short time 140 Interior of the Jaffe Art Theater in 1985 prior to renovations By September 1977 the Jaffe Art Theatre was known as the Entermedia Theater 204 The theater reopened the next month with The Possessed a dance special by Pearl Lang Its operator Entermedia presented not only films but also dance experimental legitimate shows and other events 140 205 Among the Entermedia s early shows was the musical The Best Little Whorehouse in Texas which opened in 1978 206 and subsequently transferred to Broadway 207 as well as the musical God Bless You Mr Rosewater in 1979 208 209 The theater also hosted events such as an independent film festival 210 a jazz showcase 211 and a samurai film festival 212 The musical Joseph and the Amazing Technicolor Dreamcoat which later transferred to Broadway opened at the Entermedia in 1981 213 and was so successful that its audience was allowed to use all the seats 214 Other popular shows at the theater were the 1982 play Lennon 215 and the 1983 musical Taking My Turn 216 The Jaffe Art Theatre was added to the National Register of Historic Places on September 19 1985 217 The New York City Landmarks Preservation Commission also considered protecting the theater as a landmark in 1985 and 1986 but did not make a decision 65 Entermedia left the theater in 1985 and the venue was leased to M Square Productions which renamed it the Second Avenue Theater 140 65 It was one of M Square s three off Broadway houses M Square s managing director Alan J Schuster said the company wanted to have a legitimate theater and a film theater at the Second Avenue without incurring the exorbitant costs of Broadway theatre contracts 218 The movie theater would have been above the legitimate theater but these plans never materialized 65 The Second Avenue hosted Zalmen Mlotek and Moishe Rosenfeld s bilingual revue The Golden Land which opened in November 1985 219 220 and ran for 277 regular performances 221 b For the 1986 1987 season the theater staged the musical Have I Got a Girl for You which opened in November 1986 222 223 and the musical Staggerlee which opened in March 1987 224 225 The theater also hosted a tribute to the late off Broadway actor Charles Ludlam in mid 1987 226 The Chaim Potok play The Chosen opened in January 1988 227 228 but flopped with just six regular performances 65 229 b Village East use Edit Main entrance to the theater The failure of The Chosen had been particularly devastating for M Square which had spent three years creating the play and could no longer afford to continue operating the Second Avenue Theater The venue was the only surviving Yiddish theater building on Second Avenue as well as one of the few off Broadway houses in the East Village 65 In 1988 M Square leased the theater to City Cinemas a branch of Reading International for use as a movie theater called Village East 32 65 City Cinemas converted the auditorium into a seven screen multiplex 230 231 Averitt Associates preserved the balcony but split the orchestra and backstage areas into six screens 32 35 The renovation had to conform with historic preservation guidelines because Village East was still being considered for city landmark designation 23 32 The architects used archival photos to restore the theater s design features 35 The project ultimately cost 8 million 22 35 Village East Cinemas opened on February 22 1991 22 232 initially with only five screens in operation 35 The LPC designated the exterior and interior of the theater as a landmark in 1993 12 20 Since then it has shown a mixture of Hollywood productions and indie films The Village East Cinema also shows films that originally opened at the Angelika Film Center an arthouse chain that is also an arm of Reading International 31 The multiplex also hosted movies that were screened as part of the annual New York International Children s Film Festival 233 EverGreene Architectural Arts restored the theater at the beginning of 2015 10 234 The work involved replacing some of the historical design features that had deteriorated over the years 234 The theater closed temporarily in March 2020 due to the COVID 19 pandemic in New York City When the theater reopened on March 5 2021 235 236 it was rebranded as Village East by Angelika 237 A new bar and kitchen were announced for the theater in late 2021 238 Notable productions Edit1954 Coriolanus 239 240 1954 The Golden Apple 241 1954 The Seagull 242 243 1954 Sing Me No Lullaby 244 1955 The Doctor s Dilemma 245 1955 The Master Builder 246 1955 Marcel Marceau 247 248 1955 Six Characters in Search of an Author 249 250 1956 The Adding Machine 251 252 1956 Miss Julie The Stronger 253 254 c 1956 A Month in the Country 255 256 1956 Saint Joan 257 258 1956 Diary of a Scoundrel 259 260 1956 The Good Woman of Setzuan 261 262 1957 Measure for Measure 263 264 1957 The Taming of the Shrew 265 266 1957 The Duchess of Malfi 267 268 1957 Mary Stuart 269 270 1957 The Makropulos Secret 271 272 1958 The Chairs The Lesson 273 274 d 1958 The Infernal Machine 275 276 1958 The Two Gentlemen of Verona 277 278 1958 The Broken Jug 277 279 1958 La Malade Imaginaire 150 280 1958 Evening of Three Farces 281 282 e 1958 The Family Reunion 283 284 1958 Britannicus 285 286 1958 The Power and the Glory 287 288 1959 The Beaux Stratagem 289 290 1959 Once Upon a Mattress 291 292 1959 Lysistrata 293 294 1960 Peer Gynt 295 296 1960 Henry IV Part 1 297 298 1960 Henry IV Part 2 299 300 1960 H M S Pinafore 301 302 1960 She Stoops to Conquer 303 304 1960 The Plough and the Stars 305 306 1961 The Octoroon 307 308 1961 Hamlet 309 310 1961 The Pirates of Penzance 150 311 1969 Oh Calcutta 312 174 1971 Man of La Mancha 176 180 1972 Grease 313 183 1978 The Best Little Whorehouse in Texas 179 206 1979 God Bless You Mr Rosewater 208 209 1981 Joseph and the Amazing Technicolor Dreamcoat 179 213 See also EditList of New York City Designated Landmarks in Manhattan below 14th Street National Register of Historic Places listings in Manhattan below 14th StreetReferences EditNotes Edit The theater has also been known as the Louis N Jaffe Theater Yiddish Art Theatre Yiddish Folks Theatre Molly Picon s Folks Theatre Germans Folks Theatre Century Theatre New Jewish Folk Theatre Stuyvesant Theatre Phoenix Theatre Casino East Theatre Gayety Theatre Eden Theatre 12th Street Cinema Entermedia Theater Second Avenue Theater and Village East Cinema 2 a b Landmarks Preservation Commission 1993 p 21 counts both previews and regular performances For example The Golden Land is counted as having 295 performances including 18 previews and The Chosen is recorded as having 58 performances including 52 previews Miss Julie and The Stronger were performed in repertory 253 254 The Chairs and The Lesson were performed in repertory 273 274 Composed of three plays The Forced Marriage The Imaginary Cuckold and The Jealousy of the Barbouille 282 281 Citations Edit National Register Information System National Register of Historic Places National Park Service November 2 2013 Landmarks Preservation Commission 1993 pp 6 10 White Norval Willensky Elliot Leadon Fran 2010 AIA Guide to New York City 5th ed New York Oxford University Press p 0 ISBN 978 0 19538 386 7 a b c d e National Park Service 1985 p 2 a b 189 2 Avenue 10003 New York City Department of City Planning Retrieved April 14 2022 a b Yiddish Art Theater Gets Site for New Building Purchases Landmark at Second Avenue and 12th Street for Proposed Structure New York Herald Tribune May 3 1925 p B2 ProQuest 1112808349 a b Yiddish Art Theater Finds New Home on 12th St The Billboard Vol 36 no 19 May 9 1925 p 11 ProQuest 1031764080 a b c d e f g Landmarks Preservation Commission 1993 p 10 National Park Service 1985 p 2 a b Theatre Building on Second Avenue Tearing Down Houses for Yiddish Art Home on Stuyvesant Farm Site Near St Mark s Church The New York Times June 28 1925 p RE1 ISSN 0362 4331 ProQuest 103663798 a b c d e f Murray James Murray Karla January 27 2017 The Urban Lens Inside the Village East Cinema one of NY s last surviving Yiddish Rialto theaters 6sqft Retrieved March 5 2017 Amanda Seigel March 18 2014 The Yiddish Broadway and Beyond New York Public Library Retrieved March 5 2017 a b c d Diamonstein Spielvogel Barbaralee 2011 The Landmarks of New York Albany New York State University of New York Press p 571 ISBN 978 1 4384 3769 9 a b National Park Service 1985 p 4 Nahshon 2016 p 23 a b c d e f g h i Landmarks Preservation Commission 1993 p 10 Landmarks Preservation Commission 1993 p 13 a b Landmarks Preservation Commission 1993 pp 10 11 Landmarks Preservation Commission 1993 p 11 a b c d e f g h i j k l m Landmarks Preservation Commission Interior 1993 p 11 a b New York City Landmarks Preservation Commission Dolkart Andrew S Postal Matthew A 2009 Postal Matthew A ed Guide to New York City Landmarks 4th ed New York John Wiley amp Sons p 67 ISBN 978 0 470 28963 1 Bruce Goes to the Movies for Reese s Back Stage Vol 25 no 44 November 16 1984 p 76 ProQuest 1438553105 a b c d e f Siegel Fern June 1 1991 Theatre Profile City Cinemas Village East a Marriage of Past and Present Boxoffice Vol 127 no 6 pp 16 18 ProQuest 1040614810 a b Bloom Steve March 30 1990 Manhattan Moviemania Newsday pp 180 181 Retrieved April 18 2022 via newspapers com a b Landmarks Preservation Commission Interior 1993 p 23 a b c d e f National Park Service 1985 p 3 National Park Service 1985 pp 2 3 a b c Landmarks Preservation Commission Interior 1993 p 10 a b Nahshon 2016 p 34 a b Nahson Edna June 23 2000 Theater for the People of the People Forward p 9 ProQuest 367724880 a b Allen Kelcey November 3 1926 Amusements New 1 000 000 Yiddish Art Theatre Opens Thursday Eve Nov 11 Women s Wear Vol 33 no 106 p 7 ProQuest 1676859863 a b c d e Melnick Ross December 1 2015 City Cinemas Village East Cinema Treasures Retrieved March 5 2017 a b c d e f g h Dunlap David W November 4 1990 Commercial Property Theater Renovations Juggling Preservation Potential Profit and Sentiment The New York Times ISSN 0362 4331 Retrieved April 18 2022 City Cinemas Village East Cinema The Village Voice NYC amp Company Retrieved March 5 2017 a b Landmarks Preservation Commission Interior 1993 p 11 National Park Service 1985 p 2 a b c d e Collins Glenn March 18 1991 More Screens but Fewer Movies to Choose From The New York Times ISSN 0362 4331 Retrieved April 18 2022 a b Landmarks Preservation Commission Interior 1993 p 11 National Park Service 1985 p 3 a b c d A New Yiddish Theatre Playhouse Which Opens Thursday Is Goal of Maurice Schwartz s Career The New York Times November 7 1926 ISSN 0362 4331 Retrieved April 15 2022 a b c Manhattan Life Sells Factory In West 37th St Parcel Taxed at 400 000 Bought by Investor Theatre Sold in Brooklyn New York Herald Tribune September 18 1944 p 22 ProQuest 1318080433 a b c Institutions Sell Business Parcels Insurance Concerns Dispose of Buildings in Midtown Deal on Second Avenue The New York Times September 18 1944 ISSN 0362 4331 Retrieved April 16 2022 a b Landmarks Preservation Commission 1993 p 2 National Park Service 1985 p 5 Rosenberg Andrew Dunford Martin 2012 The Rough Guide to New York City Penguin ISBN 9781405390224 Retrieved March 10 2013 Let s Go Inc 2006 Let s Go New York City 16th Edition Macmillan ISBN 9780312360870 Retrieved March 10 2013 Oscar Israelowitz 2004 Oscar Israelowitz s guide to Jewish New York City Israelowitz Publishing ISBN 9781878741622 Retrieved March 10 2013 Cofone Annie September 13 2010 Theater District Strolling Back Into the Golden Age of Yiddish Theater The New York Times Retrieved March 10 2013 East Village Lower East Side Historic District PDF New York City Landmarks Preservation Commission October 9 2012 p 31 Retrieved September 28 2019 National Park Service 1985 pp 8 9 a b National Park Service 1985 p 9 Landmarks Preservation Commission 1993 p 5 a b Zylbercweig Zalmen ed 1959 לעקסיקאן פון יידישן טעאטער Lexicon of Yiddish Theatre in Yiddish Vol 3 New York Hebrew Actors Union Elisheva cols 2334 2340 National Park Service 1985 p 10 a b c Landmarks Preservation Commission 1993 p 3 Yiddish Art Theatre for Second Avenue Part of the Peter Stuyvesant Estate Sold to Louis N Jaffe The New York Times August 23 1925 p RE5 ISSN 0362 4331 ProQuest 103612193 Jewish Theater Planned On Old Stuyvesant Corner New York Herald Tribune August 23 1925 p B1 ProQuest 1112936188 a b c d Landmarks Preservation Commission 1993 p 4 a b Yiddish Art Theater Cornerstone Is Laid The Billboard Vol 38 no 21 May 22 1926 p 6 ProQuest 1031790129 New Theaters The Billboard Vol 36 no 20 May 16 1925 p 39 ProQuest 1031761165 Yiddish Art Theater Files Building Plans The Billboard Vol 37 no 23 June 6 1925 p 9 ProQuest 1031756994 Landmarks Preservation Commission 1993 pp 3 4 a b c d Lay the Cornerstone for Yiddish Theatre Herman Bernstein Dr Krass and Others Extol the Art of Maurice Schwartz The New York Times May 24 1926 ISSN 0362 4331 Retrieved April 15 2022 Landmarks Preservation Commission 1993 p 12 a b Tall Apartment on Second Avenue The New York Times July 18 1926 p RE1 ISSN 0362 4331 ProQuest 103751911 a b The Yiddish Art Theater To Open Thursday Night New York Herald Tribune November 7 1926 p E4 ProQuest 1112652012 Yiddish Art Theater Opens as Realization Of East Side Dream Spectators From All Sections of City Sec Production of the Tenth Commandment With Elaborate Setting New York Herald Tribune November 19 1926 p 18 ProQuest 1112646060 a b Atkinson J Brooks November 18 1926 The Play New Yiddish Theatre The New York Times ISSN 0362 4331 Retrieved April 15 2022 Landmarks Preservation Commission 1993 p 14 Landmarks Preservation Commission 1993 pp 6 7 a b c d e f g Firestone David August 2 1988 Yiddish Theater Closing of an Era Newsday pp 115 116 135 Retrieved April 18 2022 via newspapers com a b c d e f Landmarks Preservation Commission 1993 p 15 Thin Plot Thread Tense With Woe In Mendel Spivak Sober Glory Of Fight Against Poverty And Sorrow Effectively Developed In Splendid Production At Yiddish Art Theatre Women s Wear Vol 33 no 149 December 24 1926 pp 12 44 ProQuest 1677121263 Yiddish Art Theatre to Open Sept 9 The New York Times August 30 1927 ISSN 0362 4331 Retrieved April 15 2022 Greenberg s Daughters Opens Yiddish Art Theater Venerable Plot Proves Interesting Through Its Realism and Ability of Cast New York Herald Tribune September 10 1927 p 9 ProQuest 1131514008 Boris Glagolin s Debut Russian to Produce de Vega Play at Yiddish Art Theatre Thursday The New York Times October 17 1927 ISSN 0362 4331 Retrieved April 15 2022 a b c Lipshitz Pays 433 375 For Yiddish Art Theater Property Costing 950 000 in 1926 Sold at Foreclosure New York Herald Tribune August 9 1930 p 24 ProQuest 1113715437 a b Legitimate Suing for 77 500 Rent Deposit for Yiddish Art Variety Vol 91 no 1 April 18 1928 p 49 ProQuest 1475750456 Landmarks Preservation Commission 1993 p 6 Sales on Second Avenue to a cl Corporation Adds to Plot Yiddish Art Theatre Sold The New York Times May 3 1928 ISSN 0362 4331 Retrieved April 15 2022 a b c Legitimate Yiddish Season in New York Under Way Variety Vol 92 no 10 September 19 1928 p 47 ProQuest 1475752171 Yiddish Theatre s Plans Company of Thirty Players Will Appear in Six Productions The New York Times September 7 1928 ISSN 0362 4331 Retrieved April 15 2022 a b c d e f g h i j Landmarks Preservation Commission 1993 p 7 Zemach s Dance Recital Enjoyed by Packed House First Offering of Season Held at Yiddish Folks Theater New York Herald Tribune September 26 1928 p 18 ProQuest 1113496447 A Play of Merriment His Wife s Lover Provides Pleasant Fare at Yiddish Folks Theatre The New York Times October 21 1929 ISSN 0362 4331 Retrieved April 15 2022 His Wife s Lover Opens Season at Salz Theater Jewish Comedian Stars in 3 Act Musical Show New York Herald Tribune October 25 1929 p 23 ProQuest 1111672192 If the Rabbi Wants Makes Fun of Dybbuk Ludwig Satz Caricatures Chasidism at Yiddish FolksTheatre The New York Times December 23 1929 ISSN 0362 4331 Retrieved April 15 2022 Ludwig Satz Appears In If the Rabbi Wants Plays in Operetta Directed by Himself at Yiddish Folk Theater New York Herald Tribune December 24 1929 p 11 ProQuest 1112019187 Allen Kelcey June 26 1930 Amusements Yiddish Folks Theatre Leased For Molly Picon Women s Wear Daily Vol 40 no 125 pp 14 15 ProQuest 1727884955 Molly Picon s Plans Will Appear In the Yiddish Folks Theatre Next Season The New York Times June 26 1930 ISSN 0362 4331 Retrieved April 15 2022 Theatre Is Foreclosed Plaintiff Gets Yiddish Folks Playhouse on Second Avenue The New York Times August 9 1930 ISSN 0362 4331 Retrieved April 15 2022 The Girl of Yesterday Molly Picon Opens Yiddish Season at Her New Theater New York Herald Tribune September 27 1930 p 12 ProQuest 1113707952 Molly Picon Excel in Entertaining Play Sprightly Fun and a Slice of Tragedy in the Girl of Yesterday at Folk Theatre The New York Times September 27 1930 ISSN 0362 4331 Retrieved April 15 2022 Molly Picon Wins Ovation With Role in Love Thief Sings with Usual Charm and Impersonates Inebriate New York Herald Tribune January 19 1931 p 10 ProQuest 1114163789 Miss Picon Sprightly in Underworld Role The Love Thief a Musical Play With Crooks and Pistols Offered at Her Folk Theatre The New York Times January 19 1931 ISSN 0362 4331 Retrieved April 15 2022 a b Gehrmans Back in Brooklyn with Revised Comedy New York Daily News April 10 1934 p 346 Retrieved April 16 2022 via newspapers com Folks Theatre Leased Misha and Lucy German to Open There in September The New York Times May 23 1931 ISSN 0362 4331 Retrieved April 15 2022 a b Landmarks Preservation Commission 1993 pp 15 16 One Woman Presented At Yiddish Folks Theater New York Herald Tribune December 15 1931 p 16 ProQuest 1125422011 a b c Landmarks Preservation Commission 1993 p 16 7 Yiddish Theatres Open Their Seasons Art Company Under Maurice Schwartz Produces Yoshe Kalb at The Folks The New York Times October 3 1932 ISSN 0362 4331 Retrieved April 15 2022 Nahshon 2016 p 45 Yoshe Kalb Translated Into English With Fritz Leiber as the Nyesheve Rabbi The New York Times December 29 1933 ISSN 0362 4331 Retrieved April 15 2022 Landmarks Preservation Commission 1993 p 7 National Park Service 1985 p 10 W s September 22 1934 Art Troupe Offers Soviet Period Play The Verdict Work on Strife in Russia Opens Season at Yiddish Folks Theatre The New York Times ISSN 0362 4331 Retrieved April 16 2022 Hartman Walter September 25 1934 Molly Picon and Art Troupe Open Yiddish Season New York Daily News p 386 Retrieved April 16 2022 via newspapers com Theatre Notes New York Daily News April 30 1935 p 38 Retrieved April 16 2022 via newspapers com Yiddish Road Shows Featured New York Daily News May 13 1935 p 77 Retrieved April 16 2022 via newspapers com W s September 30 1935 Comedy at Folks Theatre The New York Times ISSN 0362 4331 Retrieved April 16 2022 a b c d Landmarks Preservation Commission 1993 p 17 Yiddish Theatres Are Opening Today Rosh ha Shanah to Be Marked by Beginning of Season in Nine Theatres The New York Times September 17 1936 ISSN 0362 4331 Retrieved April 16 2022 News of the Theaters Seen but Not Heard Will Open Tonight 9 Plays Offered by Yiddish Theaters Lee Baker New York Herald Tribune September 17 1936 p 19 ProQuest 1222099844 New Offerings Extra Shows in Yiddish Houses New York Daily News November 24 1936 p 42 Retrieved April 16 2022 via newspapers com W s November 24 1936 Straw Hero Presented Menasha Skulnik Is Star of Play at the Folks Theatre The New York Times ISSN 0362 4331 Retrieved April 16 2022 News of the Theater Constance Cummings Signed for Broadway Role in Melodrama This Spring Constance Cummings New York Herald Tribune March 9 1937 p 13 ProQuest 1246944967 News of the Stage Frederika Opens Tonight Clitterhouse Booked for The Hudson Storm in a Teacup Here March 8 The New York Times February 4 1937 ISSN 0362 4331 Retrieved April 16 2022 a b National Park Service 1985 pp 11 12 a b c Landmarks Preservation Commission 1993 pp 7 8 Legitimate Yiddish Legits Forsaking 2d Avenue Several Moving to Times Square Variety Vol 125 no 3 March 10 1937 p 52 ProQuest 1475928660 RCA Installations The Hollywood Reporter Vol 40 no 11 June 28 1937 p 24 ProQuest 2594621682 a b c d e f Landmarks Preservation Commission 1993 p 8 Theatre s Dilemma 2 Hits Cut Matinees Miss Goddard s Role New York Daily News June 6 1940 p 611 Retrieved April 16 2022 via newspapers com Hartman Walter October 21 1940 Sunrise Strikes Yiddish Theatre As Hit Musical New York Daily News p 108 Retrieved April 16 2022 via newspapers com Yiddish Cavalcade New York Daily News January 2 1941 p 236 Retrieved April 16 2022 via newspapers com News of the Theater Lady Who Came to Stay McClinlic s First Play of Season Opens Tonight New York Herald Tribune January 2 1941 p 10 ProQuest 1248214943 Ludwig Satz Testimonial Today The New York Times February 18 1941 ISSN 0362 4331 Retrieved April 16 2022 Sarah Churchill Back on the London Stage Betty Field s Film Role New York Daily News February 15 1941 p 277 Retrieved April 16 2022 via newspapers com Hollywood News and New York Screen Notes Shirley Temple s Next Film New York Herald Tribune March 12 1941 p 18 ProQuest 1261403585 Films for Century New York Daily News March 14 1941 p 257 Retrieved April 16 2022 via newspapers com Of Local Origin The New York Times April 12 1941 p 19 ISSN 0362 4331 ProQuest 105571580 Large Loans Obtained On 2 Kings Buildings New York Herald Tribune June 11 1941 p 37 ProQuest 1263682179 Century Company Rents Lower 2d Av Theater New York Herald Tribune December 10 1942 p 33 ProQuest 1264310095 Theatre in 2d Ave Leased I I Century Company Takes Building at 12th St for Ten Years I The New York Times December 10 1942 p 46 ISSN 0362 4331 ProQuest 106247408 Blockfront Sold in Sixth Avenue Five Buildings Included in a Liquidation Deal Large Apartments Traded The New York Times January 18 1944 ISSN 0362 4331 Retrieved April 16 2022 Ben Ami Actor 25 Years Will Try Producing English and Yiddish Slagt Veteran Plays New Rold at Jewish Folk Theater New York Herald Tribune October 8 1944 p C2 ProQuest 1249235099 Ben Ami Jacob October 1 1944 A New Jewish Theatre The New York Times ISSN 0362 4331 Retrieved April 16 2022 Jacobs Andrew December 8 1996 The Last Act The New York Times ISSN 0362 4331 Retrieved April 18 2022 McCord Bert October 5 1953 New Producing Company Formed Will Offer 5 Plays New York Herald Tribune p 12 ProQuest 1322516155 Getting Married New York Daily News October 5 1953 p 63 Retrieved April 16 2022 via newspapers com Houghton Norris November 29 1953 The Phoenix Rises Phoenix Rises on Second Avenue The New York Times ISSN 0362 4331 Retrieved April 16 2022 Gross Jesse January 4 1956 Legitimate Off B way Show Biz Started To Perk Back la 1949 Variety Vol 201 no 5 p 471 ProQuest 1017002496 Atkinson Brooks December 2 1953 At the Theatre Sidney Howard s Madam Will You Walk Is Opener at the New Phoenix Theatre The New York Times ISSN 0362 4331 Retrieved April 16 2022 Rise of the Phoenix Newsweek Vol 43 no 22 May 31 1954 p 75 ProQuest 1843931394 Houghton Norris October 10 1954 Phoenix Continues to Rise Theatre Has Elaborate Plans for Its New Stage Season The New York Times ISSN 0362 4331 Retrieved April 16 2022 a b c Landmarks Preservation Commission 1993 p 18 a b c d e f g h i j Landmarks Preservation Commission 1993 p 9 Funke Lewis April 25 1955 Theatre Satire on the Middle Class Phoenix 55 a Revue Opens Downtown The New York Times ISSN 0362 4331 Retrieved April 16 2022 a b Funke Lewis September 11 1955 Gossip of the Rialto Roger Stevens Aiding Phoenix in New Program Gloria Swanson Reports The New York Times ISSN 0362 4331 Retrieved April 16 2022 Gross Jesse March 28 1956 Legitimate New York s 2d Ave Ex Yiddish Hub Making Off B way Legit Comeback Variety Vol 202 no 4 pp 67 70 ProQuest 1014806771 Funke Lewis May 20 1956 Gossip of the Rialto New Revue and Drama Off Broadway The New York Times ISSN 0362 4331 Retrieved April 16 2022 Funke Lewis March 17 1957 News and Gossip of the Rialto Theatre Incorporated Is Returning to Take Over Phoenix The New York Times ISSN 0362 4331 Retrieved April 17 2022 Landmarks Preservation Commission 1993 pp 18 19 Schumach Murray October 19 1958 The Phoenix in Crisis Phoenix Theatre in Crisis The New York Times ISSN 0362 4331 Retrieved April 17 2022 Calta Louis January 28 1958 12 Prize Plays May Be Produced Houghton and Hambleton Plan Nobel Works T S Eliot Drama on Way The New York Times ISSN 0362 4331 Retrieved April 17 2022 Theatres Amusements Nobel Prize Cycle Planned By Phoenix Women s Wear Daily Vol 96 no 19 January 28 1958 p 44 ProQuest 1565192486 a b c d e f Landmarks Preservation Commission 1993 p 19 Calta Louis April 29 1959 Phoenix Begins Subscriber Drive 12 500 Patrons Are Sought as Meeting Is Held Park Protests Mount The New York Times ISSN 0362 4331 Retrieved April 17 2022 Zolotow Sam June 25 1959 Phoenix Enrolls 9 030 Subscribers Theatre Will Get Subsidies of 75 000 to Continue Plans for Park Site Set The New York Times ISSN 0362 4331 Retrieved April 17 2022 Kubasik Ben October 6 1959 An Off Broadway Playhouse Casts Itself in Long Run Role Newsday p 53 Retrieved April 17 2022 via newspapers com Gelb Arthur September 6 1959 News and Gossip Gathered on the Rialto Phoenix Sitting Pretty Holbroook s Farewell Rose Takes an Option The New York Times ISSN 0362 4331 Retrieved April 17 2022 Zolotow Sam August 10 1961 Phoenix Is Moving to Smaller Home Constant Deficit Prompts Switch to 74th Street The New York Times ISSN 0362 4331 Retrieved April 17 2022 Little Stuart W August 10 1961 The Phoenix Is Moving To Smaller Hq on E 74th New York Herald Tribune p 10 ProQuest 1325840685 Downtown Phoenix Lowers the Curtain The New York Times October 23 1961 ISSN 0362 4331 Retrieved April 17 2022 Zolotow Sam November 9 1961 Phoenix Theatre Leased for Year This Was Burlesque Will Open There Next Month The New York Times ISSN 0362 4331 Retrieved April 17 2022 a b Legitimate Yiddish Legit Making Comeback in 2d Ave N Y Well 2 Theatres Revert Variety Vol 224 no 3 December 13 1961 p 57 ProQuest 1014844350 Little Stuart W December 5 1961 Equity Job Feelers Out Already for World s Fair New York Herald Tribune p 18 ProQuest 1326268708 Shepard Richard F December 11 1961 Theatre Israeli Revue Gezunt un Meshuga Opens at the Casino The New York Times ISSN 0362 4331 Retrieved April 17 2022 This Was Burlesque at Casino East Narrated by Ann Corio The New York Times March 7 1962 ISSN 0362 4331 Retrieved April 17 2022 Davis James March 12 1962 The Backstage Beat New York Daily News p 13 Retrieved April 17 2022 via newspapers com Hackett to Bow in Musical Role Comedian to Appear in Fall in I Had a Ball Here The New York Times February 28 1964 ISSN 0362 4331 Retrieved April 17 2022 Gelder Lawrence Van March 9 1999 Ann Corio a Burlesque Queen on Broadway Is Dead The New York Times ISSN 0362 4331 Retrieved April 17 2022 Altered Burlesque Moves to Broadway The New York Times March 17 1965 ISSN 0362 4331 Archived from the original on October 23 2021 Retrieved October 23 2021 The Theater The Old Shock Treatment Wall Street Journal March 18 1965 p 16 ISSN 0099 9660 ProQuest 133058401 Zolotow Sam February 17 1965 Burlesque Sets Broadway Move Ann Corio s Satire to Enter Hudson Theater March 16 The New York Times ISSN 0362 4331 Retrieved April 17 2022 a b Cohen Jor November 24 1965 Burgeoning Burlesque Outstripping Other Attractions New B O Bonanza Variety Vol 241 no 1 pp 1 70 ProQuest 1014850479 A Bust in Burlesque Strike Anne Howe New York Daily News April 3 1967 p 141 Retrieved April 17 2022 via newspapers com McHarry Charles November 29 1965 On the Town New York Daily News p 147 Retrieved April 17 2022 via newspapers com Seligsohn Leo April 18 1969 Tynan Planning Elegant Erotica Newsday Nassau Edition p 143 Retrieved April 17 2022 via newspapers com a b New Show to Bring Gayety New Name The New York Times April 11 1969 ISSN 0362 4331 Retrieved April 17 2022 a b Barnes Clive June 18 1969 Theater Oh Calcutta a Most Innocent Dirty Show Kenneth Tynan s Revue Opens at the Eden The New York Times ISSN 0362 4331 Retrieved April 17 2022 The Theater For Buffs Only Wall Street Journal June 19 1969 p 18 ISSN 0099 9660 ProQuest 133388687 a b c d La Mancha to Move To Eden on March 2 The New York Times February 2 1971 ISSN 0362 4331 Retrieved April 17 2022 Morrison Hobe June 9 1971 N Y Legit Season N G Road Ok Variety Vol 263 no 4 pp 1 56 ProQuest 1014865052 Oh Calcutta Moving To Theater on Broadway The New York Times February 8 1971 ISSN 0362 4331 Retrieved April 17 2022 a b c d Landmarks Preservation Commission 1993 p 20 a b Davis James February 2 1971 La Mancha Loses Beck to a New Albee Drama New York Daily News p 203 Retrieved April 17 2022 via newspapers com Silver Lee May 13 1971 Man of La Mancha Moving to Hellinger New York Daily News p 254 Retrieved April 17 2022 via newspapers com Legitimate Legit Bits Variety Vol 263 no 8 July 7 1971 p 51 ProQuest 962906091 a b Barnes Clive February 15 1972 Theater Grease 1959 as Nostalgia The New York Times ISSN 0362 4331 Retrieved April 17 2022 Martin Gottfried February 16 1972 Arts amp Pleasures A Daily Critique By WWD The Theatre Grease Women s Wear Daily Vol 124 no 13 p 22 ProQuest 1523638018 a b Buckley Tom December 7 1979 Grease Breaks a Record on Broadway The New York Times ISSN 0362 4331 Retrieved January 20 2022 Green Harris June 4 1972 Grease Groovy The New York Times ISSN 0362 4331 Retrieved April 17 2022 Legitimate Yiddish Show Series at Eden Theatre N Y Variety Vol 267 no 8 July 5 1972 p 49 ProQuest 1017176523 Wallach Allan September 11 1972 Crazy Now isn t wild it s only mild as a revue The Herald Statesman p 11 Retrieved April 18 2022 via newspapers com Barnes Clive September 11 1972 The Stage Crazy Now The New York Times ISSN 0362 4331 Retrieved April 18 2022 Lisker Jerry October 24 1972 Musical Yoshe Kalb A Splendid Production New York Daily News p 39 Retrieved April 18 2022 via newspapers com Barnes Clive October 23 1972 Theater Yoshe Kalb The New York Times ISSN 0362 4331 Retrieved April 18 2022 McDonagh Don January 15 1973 Dance The New York Times ISSN 0362 4331 Retrieved April 18 2022 Barnes Clive May 21 1973 Stage Smith a Pleasant Little Musical at the Eden The New York Times ISSN 0362 4331 Retrieved April 18 2022 Watt Douglas May 21 1973 Smith is a Musical About a Poor Musical New York Daily News p 186 Retrieved April 18 2022 via newspapers com Briefs on the Arts The New York Times June 5 1973 ISSN 0362 4331 Retrieved April 18 2022 Popkin Henry October 21 1974 Big Winner is just that The Herald Statesman p 21 Retrieved April 18 2022 via newspapers com Shepard Richard F October 30 1973 Theater Aleichem s Hard to Be a Jew The New York Times ISSN 0362 4331 Retrieved April 18 2022 Shepard Richard P October 22 1974 Stage The Big Winner The New York Times ISSN 0362 4331 Retrieved April 18 2022 Norkin Sam October 22 1974 Sholom Aleichem s Return to 2d Ave New York Daily News p 193 Retrieved April 18 2022 via newspapers com Theater Shtetl at Eden The New York Times February 11 1975 ISSN 0362 4331 Retrieved April 18 2022 Lask Thomas October 13 1975 Theater The New York Times ISSN 0362 4331 Retrieved April 18 2022 O Haire Patricia October 17 1975 Joe leaps a barrier New York Daily News p 69 Retrieved April 18 2022 via newspapers com Admission Fees Cut Boxoffice Vol 109 no 10 June 14 1976 p E1 ProQuest 1476136477 Dance Umbrella Set For Its Busiest Season The New York Times September 3 1977 ISSN 0362 4331 Retrieved April 18 2022 Barnes Clive October 20 1977 Dance Pearl Lang Opens Umbrella The New York Times ISSN 0362 4331 Retrieved April 18 2022 a b Eder Richard April 18 1978 Play Best Little House in Texas The New York Times ISSN 0362 4331 Retrieved April 18 2022 Whorehouse moving uptown New York Daily News June 8 1978 p 315 Retrieved April 18 2022 via newspapers com a b God Bless You Mr Rosewater Lortel Archives October 14 1979 Retrieved April 18 2022 a b Gussow Mel May 21 1979 Stage God Bless You Mr Rosewater The New York Times ISSN 0362 4331 Retrieved April 18 2022 Pictures American Misfits Scenario for Fest Variety Vol 292 no 8 September 27 1978 p 26 ProQuest 1401338408 Palmer Robert March 2 1979 Jazz at Entermedia Puts Soloists in Spotlight The New York Times ISSN 0362 4331 Retrieved April 18 2022 Samurai Film Festival on Lower East Side The New York Times November 21 1980 ISSN 0362 4331 Retrieved April 18 2022 a b Gussow Mel November 19 1981 Theater Joseph and the Dreamcoat The New York Times ISSN 0362 4331 Retrieved April 18 2022 Joseph Will Double Capacity at Entermedia The New York Times November 22 1981 ISSN 0362 4331 Retrieved April 18 2022 Rich Frank October 6 1982 Stage Lennon a Biography Opens The New York Times ISSN 0362 4331 Retrieved April 18 2022 Gussow Mel June 10 1983 Theater Growing Old in Taking My Turn The New York Times ISSN 0362 4331 Retrieved April 18 2022 Federal Register 51 Fed Reg 6497 Feb 25 1986 PDF Library of Congress February 25 1986 p 6654 PDF p 158 Retrieved March 8 2020 Gerard Jeremy January 14 1987 Who Are the Powers Behind Off Broadway The New York Times ISSN 0362 4331 Retrieved April 18 2022 Gussow Mel November 13 1985 Stage Golden Land English Yiddish Revue The New York Times ISSN 0362 4331 Retrieved April 18 2022 Wallach Allan November 12 1985 Yiddish evocations of Golden Land Newsday p 146 Retrieved April 18 2022 via newspapers com Golden Land to Close The New York Times July 9 1986 ISSN 0362 4331 Retrieved April 18 2022 Holden Stephen November 2 1986 Stage The Frankenstein Musical The New York Times ISSN 0362 4331 Retrieved April 18 2022 Wallach Allan October 30 1986 Frankenstein With a Song in His Heart Newsday p 200 Retrieved April 18 2022 via newspapers com Gussow Mel March 19 1987 The Stage Staggerlee The New York Times ISSN 0362 4331 Retrieved April 18 2022 Robins Wayne March 20 1987 The Musical Legend of Staggerlee Newsday p 201 Retrieved April 18 2022 via newspapers com Gerard Jeremy July 14 1987 Charles Ludlam Is Eulogized By Friends From the Theater The New York Times ISSN 0362 4331 Retrieved April 18 2022 Gussow Mel January 7 1988 Theater The Chosen as a Musical The New York Times ISSN 0362 4331 Retrieved April 18 2022 Watt Douglas January 8 1988 The Chosen A Not So Great Choice New York Daily News p 328 Retrieved April 18 2022 via newspapers com The Chosen to Close The New York Times January 9 1988 ISSN 0362 4331 Retrieved April 18 2022 Lyons Richard D March 14 1990 Real Estate Cinemas Blossoming In Manhattan The New York Times ISSN 0362 4331 Retrieved April 18 2022 New York More screens for Gotham Variety Vol 341 no 9 December 10 1990 p 63 ProQuest 1286176308 Passalacqua Connie February 8 1991 Making Moviegoing Mellow Newsday pp 70 71 Retrieved April 18 2022 via newspapers com Graeber Laurel March 6 2014 Warning Teenagers May Like These Movies The New York Times ISSN 0362 4331 Retrieved April 18 2022 a b Village East Cinema EverGreene July 8 2021 Retrieved April 18 2022 Ramsay James March 4 2021 With Everything Streaming Will Moviegoers Return To NYC Theaters For The Love Of The Big Screen Gothamist Retrieved April 18 2022 Hayes Dade March 5 2021 NYC Art House Movie Theaters Awaken After Year Of Hibernation But One Holds The Popcorn Deadline Retrieved April 18 2022 Kenigsberg Ben March 5 2021 Which Movie Theaters Are Reopening in New York City Here s a Guide The New York Times ISSN 0362 4331 Retrieved April 14 2022 Rogers Jake November 10 2021 Village East Cinema Plans To Expand With New Bar And Kitchen What Now NY The Best Source For New York News Retrieved April 18 2022 Coriolanus Lortel Archives January 19 1954 Retrieved April 16 2022 Calta Louis January 19 1954 Opening Tonight for Coriolanus Seldom Produced Drama by Shakespeare to Bow at the Phoenix Theatre The New York Times ISSN 0362 4331 Retrieved April 16 2022 Calta Louis March 11 1954 Premiere Tonight of Golden Apple Musical Based on Illiad and Odyssey Legends to Open at the Phoenix Theatre The New York Times ISSN 0362 4331 Retrieved April 16 2022 The Seagull Lortel Archives May 11 1954 Retrieved April 16 2022 Atkinson Brooks May 23 1954 The Sea Gull Phoenix Theatre Offers Chekhov Masterpiece The New York Times ISSN 0362 4331 Retrieved April 16 2022 Atkinson Brooks October 15 1954 Theatre Phoenix Opens New Season Sing Me No Lullaby Is Group s First Play The New York Times ISSN 0362 4331 Retrieved April 16 2022 Atkinson Brooks January 12 1955 Theatre The Doctor s Dilemma Play by Bernard Shaw Revived at Phoenix The New York Times ISSN 0362 4331 Retrieved April 16 2022 Atkinson Brooks March 2 1955 Theatre At The Phoenix The New York Times ISSN 0362 4331 Retrieved April 16 2022 Atkinson Brooks September 21 1955 Theatre M Marceau French Mime Appears on the Phoenix Stage The New York Times ISSN 0362 4331 Retrieved April 16 2022 The Broadway League September 20 1955 Marcel Marceau Broadway Special Original IBDB Retrieved April 18 2022 Marcel Marceau Broadway Eden Theatre 1955 Playbill Retrieved April 18 2022 Calta Louis December 10 1955 Phoenix Offers Play Tomorrow Revival of Six Characters in Search of an Author Set for 5 Week Run The New York Times ISSN 0362 4331 Retrieved April 16 2022 The Broadway League December 11 1955 Six Characters in Search of an Author Broadway Play 1955 Revival IBDB Retrieved April 18 2022 Six Characters in Search of an Author Broadway Eden Theatre 1955 Playbill Retrieved April 18 2022 Calta Louis February 9 1956 Adding Machine Returns Tonight Tragedy by Elmer Rice Last Presented Here in 1923 to Be Revived at the Phoenix Happy Fella to Bow May 3 The New York Times ISSN 0362 4331 Retrieved April 16 2022 The Adding Machine Lortel Archives February 9 1956 Retrieved April 16 2022 a b Zolotow Sam February 21 1956 Strindberg Plays on Phoenix Bill Miss Julie The Stronger Will Be Revived Tonight Viveca Lindfors in Casts New Vehicle for Fay New Musical in Making The New York Times ISSN 0362 4331 Retrieved April 16 2022 a b Miss Julie The Stronger Lortel Archives February 21 1956 Retrieved April 16 2022 Miss Julie and The Stronger Broadway Eden Theatre 1956 Playbill Retrieved April 18 2022 Atkinson Brooks April 4 1956 Theatre Charming Play by Turgenev Month in the Country Staged at Phoenix The New York Times ISSN 0362 4331 Retrieved April 16 2022 The Broadway League April 3 1956 A Month in the Country Broadway Play 1956 Revival IBDB Retrieved April 18 2022 A Month in the Country Broadway Eden Theatre 1956 Playbill Retrieved April 18 2022 Atkinson Brooks September 12 1956 Theatre Siobhan McKenna as Joan She Stars at Phoenix in Shaw s Play The New York Times ISSN 0362 4331 Retrieved April 16 2022 The Broadway League September 11 1956 Saint Joan Broadway Play 1956 Revival IBDB Retrieved April 18 2022 Saint Joan Broadway Eden Theatre 1956 Playbill Retrieved April 18 2022 Atkinson Brooks November 5 1956 The Theatre Ostrovsky Diary of a Scoundrel Opens at Phoenix The New York Times ISSN 0362 4331 Retrieved April 16 2022 The Broadway League November 4 1956 Diary of a Scoundrel Broadway Play Original IBDB Retrieved April 18 2022 Diary of a Scoundrel Broadway Eden Theatre 1956 Playbill Retrieved April 18 2022 Atkinson Brooks December 19 1956 Theatre Good Woman of Setzuan at Phoenix Brecht Play Is Staged by Eric Bentley Uta Hagen Salmi and Mostel in the Cast U S A at de Lys The New York Times ISSN 0362 4331 Retrieved April 16 2022 The Broadway League December 18 1956 The Good Woman of Setzuan Broadway Play Original IBDB Retrieved April 18 2022 The Good Woman of Setzuan Broadway Eden Theatre 1956 Playbill Retrieved April 18 2022 Atkinson Brooks January 23 1957 Theatre Measure for Measure at the Phoenix Connecticut Company Presents Comedy Acting and Production Provide Lively Fare The New York Times ISSN 0362 4331 Retrieved April 16 2022 The Broadway League January 22 1957 Measure for Measure Broadway Play Original IBDB Retrieved April 18 2022 Measure for Measure Broadway Eden Theatre 1957 Playbill Retrieved April 18 2022 Atkinson Brooks February 21 1957 Theatre Tedious Shrew Shakespeare s Comedy Staged at Phoenix The New York Times ISSN 0362 4331 Retrieved April 16 2022 The Broadway League February 20 1957 The Taming of the Shrew Broadway Play 1957 Revival IBDB Retrieved April 18 2022 The Taming of the Shrew Broadway Eden Theatre 1957 Playbill Retrieved April 18 2022 Atkinson Brooks March 20 1957 Theatre Horror Play The Duchess of Malfi Staged at Phoenix The Cast The New York Times ISSN 0362 4331 Retrieved April 16 2022 The Broadway League March 19 1957 The Duchess of Malfi Broadway Play 1957 Revival IBDB Retrieved April 18 2022 The Duchess of Malfi Broadway Eden Theatre 1957 Playbill Retrieved April 18 2022 Atkinson Brooks October 9 1957 Theatre Mary Stuart The New York Times ISSN 0362 4331 Retrieved April 16 2022 The Broadway League October 8 1957 Mary Stuart Broadway Play 1957 Revival IBDB Retrieved April 18 2022 Mary Stuart Broadway Eden Theatre 1957 Playbill Retrieved April 18 2022 Guthrie to Be Feted Tonight The New York Times December 9 1957 ISSN 0362 4331 Retrieved April 16 2022 The Broadway League December 3 1957 Makropoulos Secret Broadway Play 1957 Revival IBDB Retrieved April 18 2022 The Makropoulos Secret Broadway Eden Theatre 1957 Playbill Retrieved April 18 2022 a b Atkinson Brooks January 10 1958 Theatre Ionesco s Fantastifications The Chairs and The Lesson at Phoenix The New York Times ISSN 0362 4331 Retrieved April 16 2022 a b The Broadway League January 9 1958 The Chairs and The Lesson Broadway Play Original IBDB Retrieved April 18 2022 The Chairs and The Lesson Broadway Eden Theatre 1958 Playbill Retrieved April 18 2022 The Broadway League February 3 1958 The Infernal Machine Broadway Play Original IBDB Retrieved April 18 2022 The Infernal Machine Broadway Eden Theatre 1958 Playbill Retrieved April 18 2022 Atkinson Brooks February 4 1958 Theatre The Oedipus Myth Retold Infernal Machine by Cocteau at Phoenix The New York Times ISSN 0362 4331 Retrieved April 16 2022 a b Calta Louis March 22 1958 Phoenix to Offer Repertory Touch Will Alternate Broken Jug and Gentlemen of Verona Joyce Ballou Signed The New York Times ISSN 0362 4331 Retrieved April 16 2022 The Broadway League March 18 1958 Two Gentlemen of Verona Broadway Play Original IBDB Retrieved April 18 2022 Two Gentlemen of Verona Broadway Eden Theatre 1958 Playbill Retrieved April 18 2022 The Broadway League April 1 1958 The Broken Jug Broadway Play Original IBDB Retrieved April 18 2022 The Broken Jug Broadway Eden Theatre 1958 Playbill Retrieved April 18 2022 The Broadway League April 29 1958 Le Malade Imaginaire Broadway Play Original IBDB Retrieved April 18 2022 Le Malade Imaginaire Broadway Eden Theatre 1958 Playbill Retrieved April 18 2022 a b The Broadway League May 6 1958 An Evening of 3 Farces Broadway Play Original IBDB Retrieved April 18 2022 An Evening of 3 Farces Broadway Eden Theatre 1958 Playbill Retrieved April 18 2022 a b Campbell Kenneth May 7 1958 Moliere Farces Canadian Troupe Does Three at Phoenix The New York Times ISSN 0362 4331 Retrieved April 16 2022 The Broadway League October 20 1958 The Family Reunion Broadway Play Original IBDB Retrieved April 18 2022 The Family Reunion Broadway Eden Theatre 1958 Playbill Retrieved April 18 2022 Atkinson Brooks October 21 1958 Theatre Eliot s The Family Reunion Phoenix Inaugurates Nobel Prize Series The New York Times ISSN 0362 4331 Retrieved April 16 2022 The Broadway League November 28 1958 Britannicus Broadway Play Original IBDB Retrieved April 18 2022 Britannicus Broadway Eden Theatre 1958 Playbill Retrieved April 18 2022 Campbell Kenneth November 29 1958 Theatre Britannicus at the Phoenix Racine Play Offered by French Troupe The New York Times ISSN 0362 4331 Retrieved April 16 2022 The Broadway League December 10 1958 The Power and the Glory Broadway Play Original IBDB Retrieved April 18 2022 The Power and the Glory Broadway Eden Theatre 1958 Playbill Retrieved April 18 2022 Atkinson Brooks December 12 1958 The Power and the Glory at Phoenix The New York Times ISSN 0362 4331 Retrieved April 16 2022 The Broadway League February 24 1959 The Beaux Stratagem Broadway Play 1959 Revival IBDB Retrieved April 18 2022 The Beaux Stratagem Broadway Eden Theatre 1959 Playbill Retrieved April 18 2022 Atkinson Brooks February 25 1959 The Theatre Restoration Comedy The Beaux Stratagem Revived at Phoenix Stuart Vaughan Directs Play by Farquhar The New York Times ISSN 0362 4331 Retrieved April 16 2022 The Broadway League May 11 1959 Once Upon a Mattress Broadway Musical Original IBDB Retrieved April 18 2022 Atkinson Brooks May 12 1959 Beguiling Tale Once Upon Mattress Staged at Phoenix The New York Times ISSN 0362 4331 Retrieved April 16 2022 The Broadway League November 24 1959 Lysistrata Broadway Play 1959 Revival IBDB Retrieved April 18 2022 Lysistrata Broadway Eden Theatre 1959 Playbill Retrieved April 18 2022 Atkinson Brooks December 6 1959 Midseason Blues William Inge s A Loss of Roses Below Standard So Is Phoenix Lysistrata The New York Times ISSN 0362 4331 Retrieved April 16 2022 The Broadway League January 12 1960 Peer Gynt Broadway Play 1960 Revival IBDB Retrieved April 18 2022 Peer Gynt Broadway Eden Theatre 1960 Playbill Retrieved April 18 2022 Atkinson Brooks January 13 1960 The Theatre Peer Gynt New Version of Ibsen Play at Phoenix The New York Times ISSN 0362 4331 Retrieved April 16 2022 The Broadway League March 1 1960 Henry IV Part I Broadway Play 1960 Revival IBDB Retrieved April 18 2022 King Henry IV Part I Broadway Eden Theatre 1960 Playbill Retrieved April 18 2022 Atkinson Brooks March 2 1960 Theatre Good Mood at the Phoenix Henry IV Part I Is Revived Downtown The New York Times ISSN 0362 4331 Retrieved April 16 2022 The Broadway League April 18 1960 Henry IV Part II Broadway Play 1960 Revival IBDB Retrieved April 18 2022 King Henry IV Part II Broadway Eden Theatre 1960 Playbill Retrieved April 18 2022 Atkinson Brooks April 19 1960 Shakespearean Work Is Staged by Vaughan The New York Times ISSN 0362 4331 Retrieved April 16 2022 The Broadway League September 7 1960 H M S Pinafore Broadway Musical 1960 Revival IBDB Retrieved April 18 2022 H M S Pinafore Broadway Eden Theatre 1960 Playbill Retrieved April 18 2022 Taubman Howard September 8 1960 The Theatre Modernized Pinafore Guthrie s Version Is Staged at Phoenix The New York Times ISSN 0362 4331 Retrieved April 16 2022 The Broadway League November 1 1960 She Stoops to Conquer Broadway Play 1960 Revival IBDB Retrieved April 18 2022 She Stoops to Conquer Broadway Eden Theatre 1960 Playbill Retrieved April 18 2022 Taubman Howard November 2 1960 Theatre She Stoops to Conquer Lively as Ever Production at Phoenix Directed by Vaughan Gerry Jedd and Donald Madden Head Cast The New York Times ISSN 0362 4331 Retrieved April 16 2022 The Broadway League December 6 1960 The Plough and the Stars Broadway Play 1960 Revival IBDB Retrieved April 18 2022 The Plough and the Stars Broadway Eden Theatre 1960 Playbill Retrieved April 18 2022 Taubman Howard December 7 1960 Theatre Easter Rising O Casey s The Plough and the Stars Opens The New York Times ISSN 0362 4331 Retrieved April 16 2022 The Broadway League January 27 1961 The Octoroon Broadway Play 1961 Revival IBDB Retrieved April 18 2022 The Octoroon Broadway Eden Theatre 1961 Playbill Retrieved April 18 2022 Taubman Howard January 28 1961 Theatre Fun and Hisses Boucicault s Octoroon Revived at Phoenix The New York Times ISSN 0362 4331 Retrieved April 16 2022 The Broadway League March 16 1961 Hamlet Broadway Play 1961 Revival IBDB Retrieved April 18 2022 Hamlet Broadway Eden Theatre 1961 Playbill Retrieved April 18 2022 Taubman Howard March 17 1961 Theatre Donald Madden as Hamlet Stuart Vaughan Directs Drama at Phoenix The New York Times ISSN 0362 4331 Retrieved April 16 2022 Taubman Howard September 7 1961 Theatre Cheerful Start Guthrie s Pirates of Penzance at Phoenix The New York Times ISSN 0362 4331 Retrieved April 16 2022 The Broadway League June 17 1969 Oh Calcutta Broadway Musical Original IBDB Retrieved April 18 2022 Oh Calcutta Broadway Eden Theatre 1969 Playbill Retrieved April 18 2022 The Broadway League February 14 1972 Grease Broadway Musical Original IBDB Retrieved April 18 2022 Grease Broadway Eden Theatre 1972 Playbill Retrieved April 18 2022 Sources Edit Historic Structures Report Yiddish Art Theatre PDF Report National Register of Historic Places National Park Service September 19 1985 Nahshon Edna 2016 New York s Yiddish Theater From the Bowery to Broadway Columbia University Press ISBN 978 0 231 54107 7 Yiddish Art Theatre PDF Report New York City Landmarks Preservation Commission February 9 1993 Yiddish Art Theatre Interior PDF Report New York City Landmarks Preservation Commission February 9 1993 External links Edit Wikimedia Commons has media related to Louis N Jaffe Art Theater Village East by Angelika website Eden Theatre at the Internet Broadway Database Eden Theatre at the Internet Off Broadway Database Village East by Angelika at Cinema Treasures Portals Architecture National Register of Historic Places New York City Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Village East by Angelika amp oldid 1126309872, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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