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Wikipedia

Wizards of the Coast

January 13, 2023

Not to be confused with Wizard Entertainment.

Wizards of the Coast LLC (often referred to as WotC /ˈwɒtˌsiː/ or simply Wizards) is an American publisher of games, primarily based on fantasy and science fiction themes, and formerly an operator of retail stores for games. It is currently a subsidiary of Hasbro,[1][2] which acquired the company in 1999.[3] During a February 2021 reorganization at Hasbro, Wizards of the Coast became the lead part of the new "Wizards & Digital" division.[4][5]

Wizards of the Coast LLC
FormerlyWizards of the Coast, Inc.
(1990–2009)
TypeSubsidiary
Industry
Founded1990; 33 years ago (1990)
FounderPeter Adkison
Headquarters
Renton, Washington
,
United States
47°27′52″N 122°13′18″W / 47.46444°N 122.22167°W / 47.46444; -122.22167Coordinates: 47°27′52″N 122°13′18″W / 47.46444°N 122.22167°W / 47.46444; -122.22167
Key people
  • Cynthia Williams
    (President)
  • Tim Fields
    (VP, General Manager)
  • David Schwartz
    (VP, Digital Publishing)
  • Timothy O'Hara
    (SVP, Finance and Operations)
Products
Number of employees
1,000+ (2020)
ParentHasbro (1999–present)
SubsidiariesSee § Studios
Websitewizards.com

Originally a role-playing game publisher, the company originated and popularized the collectible card game genre with Magic: The Gathering in the mid-1990s. It also acquired the popular Dungeons & Dragons role-playing game by buying TSR and increased its success by publishing the licensed Pokémon Trading Card Game. The company's corporate headquarters are located in Renton, Washington, part of the Seattle metropolitan area.[6][7]

Wizards of the Coast publishes role-playing games, board games, and collectible card games. They have received numerous awards, including several Origins Awards. The company also produced sports cards sets, releasing series for association football, baseball, basketball and American football.

History

 
Original logo designed by Rich Kaalaas[8]

Wizards of the Coast (or WOTC) was founded by Peter Adkison in 1990 outside Seattle, Washington,[9] and its current headquarters are located in nearby Renton.[10] The company was named after a guild of wizards from a Dungeons & Dragons campaign Adkison was playing.[8] Originally the company only published role-playing games such as the third edition of Talislanta and its own The Primal Order.[9] The 1992 release of The Primal Order, a supplement designed for use with any game system,[11] brought legal trouble with Palladium Books for references to Palladium's game and system.[12] The suit was settled in 1993.[13]

In 1991, Richard Garfield approached Wizards of the Coast with the idea for a new board game called RoboRally, but was turned down because WOTC felt the game would have been too expensive to produce.[14] Instead, Adkison asked Garfield if he could invent a game that was both portable and quick-playing, to which Garfield agreed.[14][15]

Adkison set up a new corporation, Garfield Games, to develop Richard Garfield's collectible card game concept, originally called Manaclash, into Magic: The Gathering. The new name kept the game sheltered from the legal battle with Palladium. Garfield Games then licensed the production and sale rights to Wizards until the court case was settled, at which point the shell company was shut down. Wizards debuted Magic in July 1993 at the Origins Game Fair in Dallas.[12] The game proved extremely popular at Gen Con in August 1993, selling out of its supply of 2.5 million cards - an amount which had been scheduled to last until the end of the year.[14] The success of Magic generated revenue that transformed the company in two years from a handful of employees working out of Peter's basement headquarters into 250 employees in its own offices.[13] In 1994, Magic won both the Mensa Top Five mind games award[16] and the Origins Awards for Best Fantasy or Science Fiction Board Game of 1993 and Best Graphic Presentation of a Board Game of 1993.[17]

In 1994, Wizards began an association with The Beanstalk Group, a brand licensing agency and consultancy, to license the Magic brand.[18] After the success of Magic, Wizards published RoboRally in 1994 and it won the 1994 Origins Awards for Best Fantasy or Science Fiction Board Game and Best Graphic Presentation of a Board Game.[19] Wizards also expanded its role-playing game line by buying SLA Industries from Nightfall Games and Ars Magica from White Wolf in 1994.[13] In 1995, Wizards published another card game by Richard Garfield, The Great Dalmuti, which won the 1995 Mensa Best New Mind Game award.[20] In August 1995, Wizards released Everway before closing its roleplaying game product line four months later. In 1995, Wizards' annual sales passed US$65 million.[21]

Acquisition of TSR and Pokémon Trading Card Game

 
Peter Adkison, founder of Wizards of the Coast, at Gen Con Indy 2007

Wizards announced the purchase of TSR, the makers of Dungeons & Dragons, on April 10, 1997.[13][22][23] Wizards acquired TSR and Five Rings Publishing Group for $25 million.[24] As part of the sale, TSR employees were offered an opportunity to relocate from Wisconsin to the west coast.[25][23] Wizards continued to use the TSR brand name until 2000 and allowed the trademark to expire in 2004.[26] Between 1997 and 1999, the company spun off several TSR campaign settings, including Planescape, Dark Sun, and Spelljammer to focus the business on what the company deemed to be the more profitable Greyhawk and Forgotten Realms lines.[27]

In summer 1997, Wizards revisited the concept of a 3rd edition of Dungeons & Dragons, having first discussed it soon after the purchase of TSR.[28][29] Wizards released the third edition of Dungeons & Dragons in 2000 alongside the d20 System.[29][30] With these releases came the Open Game License which allowed other companies to make use of those systems.[13]

The new edition of the D&D game won multiple Origins Awards in 2000 such as Best Roleplaying Game for Dungeons & Dragons and Best Graphic Presentation of a Roleplaying Game, Adventure, or Supplement for the Monster Manual.[31] In 2002, Wizards sponsored a design contest which allowed designers to submit proposals to the company to produce a new campaign world. Wizards selected "Eberron", submitted by Keith Baker, and its first campaign book was released in June 2004.[9] The Eberron Campaign Setting won the 2004 Origins Award for Best Role-Playing Supplement.[32] In 2003, Wizards released version 3.5 of Dungeons & Dragons and the d20 system.[13] The 30th anniversary of the D&D game was celebrated at Gen Con Indy 2004.[33]

Pokémon TCG

On August 2, 1997, Wizards of the Coast was granted U.S. Patent 5,662,332 on collectible card games.[13] In January 1999, Wizards of the Coast began publishing the Pokémon Trading Card Game after acquiring the rights in August 1998.[34][18] The game sold nearly 400,000 copies in less than six weeks and sold 10 times better than Wizards's initial projections.[35] Some sports card series were discontinued in 1999 because so many printers were producing Pokémon cards.[14] The game won the 1999 National Parenting Center's Seal of Approval.[19]

Within a year, Wizards had sold millions of copies of the Pokémon game and the company released a new set that included an instructional CD-ROM.[36] Wizards continued to publish the game until 2003. One of Nintendo's affiliates, The Pokémon Company (formerly Pokémon USA), began producing a new edition for the game one day after the last of its agreements with Wizards expired September 30, and Wizards filed suit against Nintendo the following day, October 1, 2003, accusing them of "abandoning a contract with Wizards, the longtime producer and distributor of Pokémon trading-card games, and using Wizards-patented methods and technology to manufacture the games itself."[37][38] The two companies resolved their differences in December 2003 without going to court.[39]

Retail stores

After the company's success in 1999 with Pokémon,[14] Wizards of the Coast acquired and expanded The Game Keeper, a US chain of retail gaming stores, eventually changing its name to Wizards of the Coast.[40][41] The company's gaming center in Seattle was closed in March 2001.[12] In December 2003, Wizards announced that it would close all of its stores in order to concentrate on game design.[40][42] The stores were closed in the spring of 2004.[13]

Acquisition by Hasbro

In September 1999, Hasbro bought Wizards of the Coast for about US$325 million.[3][43] Avalon Hill was made a division of Wizards of the Coast, in late 1999; the company had been purchased by Hasbro in the summer of 1998.[44][45] In November 1999, Wizards announced that Gen Con would leave Milwaukee after the 2002 convention.[46] Also in November, Vince Caluori became President of Wizards of the Coast.[47]

On January 1, 2001, Peter Adkison resigned from Wizards.[13] In August 2001, the company went from a semi-independent division of Hasbro to being consolidated into Hasbro's game division. ICv2, an industry trade magazine, reported that "this is seen as a loss of autonomy for WotC by most. The Hasbro release specified that despite the consolidation at the management level, WotC will continue to operate out of its Seattle offices".[48] Between 2001 and 2002, Hasbro sold Origins to GAMA,[13] and in May 2002 sold Gen Con to Peter Adkison.[49] Around this time, Wizards outsourced its magazines by licensing Dungeon, Dragon, Polyhedron, and Amazing Stories to Paizo Publishing.[13][50]

2000–2010

Chuck Huebner became president and CEO of Wizards of the Coast in June 2002.[51][52] In 2003, the company employed 850 people.[53] Throughout the early 2000s, Wizards won multiple Origins Awards, including: 2001 Best Role-Playing Game Supplement (Forgotten Realms Campaign Setting) and the Best Game Related Novel (Clan War 7th Scroll: The Lion); 2002 Best Role-Playing Adventure (City of the Spider Queen); 2005 Collectible Card Game or Expansion of the Year (Ravnica: City of Guilds expansion for Magic: The Gathering) and Gamer's Choice Best Historical Game of the Year (Axis and Allies Collectible Miniatures Game), and the 2006 Miniature or Miniatures Line of the Year (Colossal Red Dragon).[54][55][56][57] It also won the 2002 Gold Ennie Award for "Best Publisher"[58] and the 2006 Silver Ennie Award for "Fan's Choice for Best Publisher".[59]

In 2002, Wizards of the Coast's periodicals department was spun off and Paizo Publishing got the license to produce Dragon and Dungeon magazines. The license expired in September 2007 and Wizards began publishing the magazines online.[60][61] In 2003, Wizards released the Dungeons & Dragons miniatures collectible pre-painted plastic miniatures games. In 2004, the company added a licensed Star Wars line. In April 2004, Loren Greenwood succeeded Huebner in his positions.[62][63] Also in 2004, Avalon Hill became a subsidiary of Hasbro's Wizards of the Coast division.[45]

In early 2006, Wizards of the Coast filed a lawsuit against Daron Rutter, who was then administrator of the MTG Salvation website.[64] The charges stemmed from Rutter publicly posting confidential prototypes for upcoming Magic: The Gathering card sets to the MTG Salvation forums,[64] ten months before the cards were to be released.[65][66] The lawsuit was settled out of court, according to Mark Rosewater.[65]

Greg Leeds succeeded Greenwood as president and CEO of Wizards of the Coast in March 2008.[67][68] Then on June 6, 2008, Wizards released the 4th Edition of Dungeons & Dragons. Wizards began introducing 4th Edition online content in Dragon and Dungeon magazines. The 4th Edition was designed to offer more streamlined game play, while the new rules framework intended to reduce the preparation time needed to run a game and make the game more accessible to new players.[69][70][71][72]

Throughout the 2000s, Wizards released new editions of Magic: The Gathering (Seventh Edition in 2001, Eighth Edition in 2003, Ninth Edition in 2005, and Tenth Edition in 2007). In 2009, Wizards announced a new edition called Magic 2010, which coincided with the first major rules change to Magic since the Revised Edition was released in 1994.[73][74] According to Aaron Forsythe, the new set was intended to make the game easier for players of all levels to play.[75] Magic 2010 was the first core set since Beta to feature new cards and it was the first core set with planeswalkers.[74][76]

By 2008, the company employed over 300 people[77] and went through a restructuring.[78] On April 6, 2009, Wizards of the Coast suspended all sales of its products for the Dungeons & Dragons games in PDF format from places such as OneBookShelf and its online storefronts RPGNow and DriveThruRPG.[79][80] This coincided with a lawsuit brought against eight people in an attempt to prevent future copyright infringement of their books, and included the 4th edition Dungeons & Dragons products that were made available through these places, as well as all older editions PDFs of the game.[81][82]

2010–2020

 
Wizards of the Coast logo (2010-2021)

In 2012, Ethan Gilsdorf, for the New York Times, reported that Dungeons & Dragons sales had slumped.[83] Despite the company not releasing sales figures, analysts and gaming experts noted that sales had been declining.[83] That year, Wizards announced a public playtest to develop a new edition of Dungeons & Dragons called D&D Next.[83][84][85][86] The 5th edition of Dungeons & Dragons was released on July 15, 2014, with the Dungeons & Dragons Starter Set featuring a set of pre-generated characters, a set of instructions for basic play, and an adventure module Lost Mine of Phandelver.[87][88][89] In 2014, 126,870 units of the Dungeons & Dragons Starter Set were sold. In 2018, 306,670 units of the Dungeons & Dragons Starter Set were sold.[90]

Throughout the 2010s, Wizards and its products continued to earn awards. This included multiple 2015 Origins Awards, such as: Role-Playing Game Fan Favorite (Dungeon & Dragons: Players Handbook), Role-Playing Supplement Fan Favorite (Dungeon & Dragons: Monster Manual), and Collectible Card Game (Magic the Gathering: Khans of Tarkir).[91] Wizards won the 2015 Gold Ennie Award for "Fan's Choice for Best Publisher"[92] and won the 2017 Gold Ennie Award for "Fan's Choice for Best Publisher".[93]

In 2014, 20th Century Fox acquired the screen rights to Magic the Gathering to turn the property into a movie series with Simon Kinberg attached to the project.[94][95] Wizards filed a lawsuit against Cryptozoic Entertainment and Hex Entertainment in 2014 alleging that their online card game Hex: Shards of Fate was a Magic the Gathering clone.[96] All three companies agreed to a settlement the following year.[97] In 2015, it was reported that an estimated 20 million people played Magic the Gathering around the world and that the game had tournaments, a professional league and a weekly organized game program called Friday Night Magic.[98]

Since the release of 5th edition, there have been over twenty Dungeon & Dragons books published including new rulebooks, campaign guides and adventure modules.[99][100] According to The Seattle Times, 2017 had "the most number of players in its history".[101] In Bloomberg, Mary Pilon reported that sales of 5th edition Dungeon & Dragons "were up 41 percent in 2017 from the year before, and soared another 52 percent in 2018." Also, "In 2017, 9 million people watched others play D&D on Twitch."[90]

In 2016, Wizards of the Coast partnered with OneBookShelf to create an online community content program called Dungeon Masters Guild (DMsGuild) that allowed creators to make and sell content using Wizards of the Coast properties. In addition to being able to purchase community content, older editions of Dungeon & Dragons are available to be purchased on DMsGuild as PDFs or as print on demand books.[102][103][104]

In 2016, Chris Cocks was announced as a replacement for Greg Leeds.[105][7][106][107] Giaco Furino, for Vice, wrote of high tensions at the company over deadlines.[108] In 2019, Wizards of the Coast became a member of the Entertainment Software Association.[109][110]

In April 2019, Wizards of the Coast announced gaming industry veteran, James Ohlen, as the head of its new studio based in Austin, Texas; in January 2020 the new studio was revealed to be Archetype Entertainment.[111][112] In June 2019, Netflix announced that Anthony and Joe Russo would partner with Wizards to create an animated series based on the mythology of Magic the Gathering. The Russo brothers were executive producers on the series, with writers Henry Gilroy and Jose Molina as showrunners and Bardel Entertainment on animation.[113][114] In July 2019, Joe Deaux reported in Bloomberg that "Magic is part of the [Hasbro's] 'franchise brands,' a segment that accounted for $2.45 billion in net revenue for the company last year." According to Chris Cocks, Magic accounted for a 'meaningful portion' of that, and KeyBanc estimated the game's contribution was more than $500 million of the franchise brands.[43]

In open beta testing since September 2018, Wizards released a Hearthstone competitor in 2019 called Magic: The Gathering Arena which is a free-to-play digital collectible card game with microtransaction purchases.[115][116] Brett Andress, an analyst at KeyBanc Capital Markets, predicted that Magic: The Gathering Arena would add at least a 20% boost to earnings.[43]

2020–present

During the Hasbro earnings call in February 2020, chief executive officer Brian D. Goldner reported that Wizards of the Coast was delivering positive results and that the company planned to double WotC's revenues between 2018 and 2023.[117] He also reported that Magic: The Gathering's revenues increased over 30%, Magic: The Gathering Arena had a strong first year and Dungeons & Dragons revenues grew for the seventh straight year.[117][118] Also in 2020, during the COVID-19 pandemic, virtual play for Dungeons & Dragons increased 86%.[119]

On June 1, 2020, Wizards released a statement in support of their black fans, employees, and community members after the murder of George Floyd.[120][121] This provoked a backlash as multiple open letters were published criticizing the company for their treatment of people of color and documenting many issues black and brown community members have taken with the company's actions.[120][122][123] The New York Times, Polygon, and Kotaku reported that following this criticism Wizards banned seven Magic: The Gathering cards from tournament sanctioned play which were deemed racially offensive.[124][121][125] The D&D team then announced that it would be making changes to portions of its 5th edition product line that fans had called out for being insensitive (including racist portrayals of a people known as the Vistani, an in-fiction analog for the Romani people) and races characterized as monstrous and evil, such as orcs and drow.[126][127][128] The company also announced plans to be make changes to character creation to broaden the permissible spectrum of character types and added a sensitivity disclaimer to some legacy products that feature cultures inspired by Asia, Mesoamerica, and the Middle East.[129][130][131] The Washington Post reported that the tabletop community has widely approved these changes,[132] although Wired criticized some of the change attempts as often feeling "like lip service".[133]

During the 2021 Investor Event, Hasbro announced a company reorganization with three divisions: Consumer Products, Entertainment, and Wizards & Digital.[4][5] The announcement was paired with a rebrand including a new logo and refreshed website for Wizards of the Coast.[134][135] Wizards opened a new development video game studio in 2021; the first project being a high-budget game based on the G.I. Joe franchise.[136][137] In 2022, Chris Cocks became the CEO of Hasbro; Cynthia Williams replaced him as president of Wizards & Digital.[138][139] In June 2022, Hasbro defeated a board challenge from activist investor Alta Fox Capital Management LLC.[140][141] The hedge fund company, which owns a 2.5% stake of Hasbro, had been pushing to spin out Wizards of the Coast[142][143] "into its own company in an attempt to create what they saw was more value by making a second publicly traded company with a more profitable line of business".[144] In July 2022, Wizards of the Coast announced that they were establishing a new video game studio called Skeleton Key which will focus on AAA games; Christian Dailey, formally of BioWare, will be head of the studio.[145][146]

Hasbro also announced that Wizards would acquire the D&D Beyond digital toolset and game companion from Fandom.[147][148] The official transfer to Wizards occurred in May 2022.[149][150] At the Hasbro Investor Event in October 2022, it was announced that Dan Rawson, former COO of Microsoft Dynamics 365, was appointed to the newly created position of Senior Vice President for the Dungeons & Dragons brand; Rawson will act as the new head of the franchise.[151][152] Dicebreaker highlighted that Rawson's role is "part of Wizards' plans to apply more resources to the digital side of D&D" following the purchase of D&D Beyond by Hasbro earlier in the year.[153] Williams and Cocks, at a December 2022 investor-focused web seminar, called the Dungeons & Dragons brand "under monetized".[154][155] They highlighted the high engagement of fans with the brand, however, the majority of spending is by Dungeon Masters who are only roughly 20% of the player base. Williams commented that the increased investment in digital will "unlock the type of recurrent spending you see in digital games".[154][155]

In January 2023, Wizards cancelled at least five unnamed video game projects;[156][157][158] "the company also cancelled an internal project code-named Jabberwocky and two other external games that were early in development".[156][159] Jason Schreier, Bloomberg News, highlighted that while fewer than 15 people are slated to lose their jobs at Wizards, "the reorganization will land hard for several independent studios such as Boston-based OtherSide Entertainment and Bellevue, Washington-based Hidden Path Entertainment, both of which were working on games for Wizards of the Coast".[156][159]

Between November and December 2022, there was reported speculation that Wizards was planning on discontinuing the Open Game License (OGL) for Dungeons & Dragons based on unconfirmed leaks.[160][161][162][163] The OGL has allowed a wide range of unofficial commercial derivative work based on the mechanics of Dungeons and Dragons to be produced since 2000;[164] it is credited with increasing the market share of d20 products[165] and leading to a "boom in the RPG industry".[166] In response to the speculation, Wizards stated in November 2022: "We will continue to support the thousands of creators making third-party D&D content with the release of One D&D in 2024."[167] Limited details on the update to the OGL, including the addition of revenue reporting and required royalties, were released by Wizards in December 2022.[168][169][163] Linda Codega, for Io9 in January 2023, reported on the details from a leaked full copy of the OGL 1.1 including updated terms such as no longer authorizing use of the OGL1.0.[170] Codega highlighted that "if the original license is in fact no longer viable, every single licensed publisher will be affected by the new agreement. [...] The main takeaway from the leaked OGL 1.1 draft document is that WotC is keeping power close at hand".[170] ICv2 commented that the leaked OGL has several controversial parts including prohibiting "commercial publication for virtual tabletop platforms" and that while it "grants ownership of the OGL works to their creator" it also "gives WotC the perpetual, irrevocable right to use their works in any way it sees fit without payment".[171] In the days following the leak, IGN,[172] NME,[173] Vice[174] and Inverse reported on negative reactions from both fans and professional content creators.[175] ComicBook.com reported that it had "spoken with over 20 small to mid-sized creators who have said that in-progress projects set to be published under the OGL have been placed on hold due to" the terms in the leak.[176] Many designers had also reported considering switching role-playing game systems entirely.[176] Starburst commented that "historically when the owners of Dungeons and Dragons attempt to restrict what people can do with the game, it leads to a boom in other tabletop roleplaying games. This is happening right now".[177] On January 10, both Kobold Press and MCDM Productions announced upcoming new tabletop RPG systems with both stating their respective systems would be open games.[177][178][179] On January 12, Paizo announced a new Open RPG Creative License (ORC), a system-agnostic license, as a direct response to the reported changes to the OGL. Additional publishers, such as Kobold Press, Chaosium, Green Ronin, Legendary Games, and Rogue Genius Games, will be part of the ORC development process.[180][181]

Studios

Former

See also

References

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  • Official website  

January 13, 2023
wizards, coast, confused, with, wizard, entertainment, often, referred, wotc, simply, wizards, american, publisher, games, primarily, based, fantasy, science, fiction, themes, formerly, operator, retail, stores, games, currently, subsidiary, hasbro, which, acq. Not to be confused with Wizard Entertainment Wizards of the Coast LLC often referred to as WotC ˈ w ɒ t ˌ s iː or simply Wizards is an American publisher of games primarily based on fantasy and science fiction themes and formerly an operator of retail stores for games It is currently a subsidiary of Hasbro 1 2 which acquired the company in 1999 3 During a February 2021 reorganization at Hasbro Wizards of the Coast became the lead part of the new Wizards amp Digital division 4 5 Wizards of the Coast LLCFormerlyWizards of the Coast Inc 1990 2009 TypeSubsidiaryIndustryCollectible card gamesrole playing gamesvideo gamesmagazinesFounded1990 33 years ago 1990 FounderPeter AdkisonHeadquartersRenton Washington United States47 27 52 N 122 13 18 W 47 46444 N 122 22167 W 47 46444 122 22167 Coordinates 47 27 52 N 122 13 18 W 47 46444 N 122 22167 W 47 46444 122 22167Key peopleCynthia Williams President Tim Fields VP General Manager David Schwartz VP Digital Publishing Timothy O Hara SVP Finance and Operations ProductsMagic The GatheringDungeons amp DragonsPokemon Trading Card Game 1999 2003 Kaijudo Trading Card GameNumber of employees1 000 2020 ParentHasbro 1999 present SubsidiariesSee StudiosWebsitewizards wbr comOriginally a role playing game publisher the company originated and popularized the collectible card game genre with Magic The Gathering in the mid 1990s It also acquired the popular Dungeons amp Dragons role playing game by buying TSR and increased its success by publishing the licensed Pokemon Trading Card Game The company s corporate headquarters are located in Renton Washington part of the Seattle metropolitan area 6 7 Wizards of the Coast publishes role playing games board games and collectible card games They have received numerous awards including several Origins Awards The company also produced sports cards sets releasing series for association football baseball basketball and American football Contents 1 History 1 1 Acquisition of TSR and Pokemon Trading Card Game 1 1 1 Pokemon TCG 1 1 2 Retail stores 1 2 Acquisition by Hasbro 1 3 2000 2010 1 4 2010 2020 1 5 2020 present 2 Studios 2 1 Former 3 See also 4 References 5 External linksHistory Edit Original logo designed by Rich Kaalaas 8 Wizards of the Coast or WOTC was founded by Peter Adkison in 1990 outside Seattle Washington 9 and its current headquarters are located in nearby Renton 10 The company was named after a guild of wizards from a Dungeons amp Dragons campaign Adkison was playing 8 Originally the company only published role playing games such as the third edition of Talislanta and its own The Primal Order 9 The 1992 release of The Primal Order a supplement designed for use with any game system 11 brought legal trouble with Palladium Books for references to Palladium s game and system 12 The suit was settled in 1993 13 In 1991 Richard Garfield approached Wizards of the Coast with the idea for a new board game called RoboRally but was turned down because WOTC felt the game would have been too expensive to produce 14 Instead Adkison asked Garfield if he could invent a game that was both portable and quick playing to which Garfield agreed 14 15 Adkison set up a new corporation Garfield Games to develop Richard Garfield s collectible card game concept originally called Manaclash into Magic The Gathering The new name kept the game sheltered from the legal battle with Palladium Garfield Games then licensed the production and sale rights to Wizards until the court case was settled at which point the shell company was shut down Wizards debuted Magic in July 1993 at the Origins Game Fair in Dallas 12 The game proved extremely popular at Gen Con in August 1993 selling out of its supply of 2 5 million cards an amount which had been scheduled to last until the end of the year 14 The success of Magic generated revenue that transformed the company in two years from a handful of employees working out of Peter s basement headquarters into 250 employees in its own offices 13 In 1994 Magic won both the Mensa Top Five mind games award 16 and the Origins Awards for Best Fantasy or Science Fiction Board Game of 1993 and Best Graphic Presentation of a Board Game of 1993 17 In 1994 Wizards began an association with The Beanstalk Group a brand licensing agency and consultancy to license the Magic brand 18 After the success of Magic Wizards published RoboRally in 1994 and it won the 1994 Origins Awards for Best Fantasy or Science Fiction Board Game and Best Graphic Presentation of a Board Game 19 Wizards also expanded its role playing game line by buying SLA Industries from Nightfall Games and Ars Magica from White Wolf in 1994 13 In 1995 Wizards published another card game by Richard Garfield The Great Dalmuti which won the 1995 Mensa Best New Mind Game award 20 In August 1995 Wizards released Everway before closing its roleplaying game product line four months later In 1995 Wizards annual sales passed US 65 million 21 Acquisition of TSR and Pokemon Trading Card Game Edit Peter Adkison founder of Wizards of the Coast at Gen Con Indy 2007 Wizards announced the purchase of TSR the makers of Dungeons amp Dragons on April 10 1997 13 22 23 Wizards acquired TSR and Five Rings Publishing Group for 25 million 24 As part of the sale TSR employees were offered an opportunity to relocate from Wisconsin to the west coast 25 23 Wizards continued to use the TSR brand name until 2000 and allowed the trademark to expire in 2004 26 Between 1997 and 1999 the company spun off several TSR campaign settings including Planescape Dark Sun and Spelljammer to focus the business on what the company deemed to be the more profitable Greyhawk and Forgotten Realms lines 27 In summer 1997 Wizards revisited the concept of a 3rd edition of Dungeons amp Dragons having first discussed it soon after the purchase of TSR 28 29 Wizards released the third edition of Dungeons amp Dragons in 2000 alongside the d20 System 29 30 With these releases came the Open Game License which allowed other companies to make use of those systems 13 The new edition of the D amp D game won multiple Origins Awards in 2000 such as Best Roleplaying Game for Dungeons amp Dragons and Best Graphic Presentation of a Roleplaying Game Adventure or Supplement for the Monster Manual 31 In 2002 Wizards sponsored a design contest which allowed designers to submit proposals to the company to produce a new campaign world Wizards selected Eberron submitted by Keith Baker and its first campaign book was released in June 2004 9 The Eberron Campaign Setting won the 2004 Origins Award for Best Role Playing Supplement 32 In 2003 Wizards released version 3 5 of Dungeons amp Dragons and the d20 system 13 The 30th anniversary of the D amp D game was celebrated at Gen Con Indy 2004 33 Pokemon TCG Edit On August 2 1997 Wizards of the Coast was granted U S Patent 5 662 332 on collectible card games 13 In January 1999 Wizards of the Coast began publishing the Pokemon Trading Card Game after acquiring the rights in August 1998 34 18 The game sold nearly 400 000 copies in less than six weeks and sold 10 times better than Wizards s initial projections 35 Some sports card series were discontinued in 1999 because so many printers were producing Pokemon cards 14 The game won the 1999 National Parenting Center s Seal of Approval 19 Within a year Wizards had sold millions of copies of the Pokemon game and the company released a new set that included an instructional CD ROM 36 Wizards continued to publish the game until 2003 One of Nintendo s affiliates The Pokemon Company formerly Pokemon USA began producing a new edition for the game one day after the last of its agreements with Wizards expired September 30 and Wizards filed suit against Nintendo the following day October 1 2003 accusing them of abandoning a contract with Wizards the longtime producer and distributor of Pokemon trading card games and using Wizards patented methods and technology to manufacture the games itself 37 38 The two companies resolved their differences in December 2003 without going to court 39 Retail stores Edit After the company s success in 1999 with Pokemon 14 Wizards of the Coast acquired and expanded The Game Keeper a US chain of retail gaming stores eventually changing its name to Wizards of the Coast 40 41 The company s gaming center in Seattle was closed in March 2001 12 In December 2003 Wizards announced that it would close all of its stores in order to concentrate on game design 40 42 The stores were closed in the spring of 2004 13 Acquisition by Hasbro Edit In September 1999 Hasbro bought Wizards of the Coast for about US 325 million 3 43 Avalon Hill was made a division of Wizards of the Coast in late 1999 the company had been purchased by Hasbro in the summer of 1998 44 45 In November 1999 Wizards announced that Gen Con would leave Milwaukee after the 2002 convention 46 Also in November Vince Caluori became President of Wizards of the Coast 47 On January 1 2001 Peter Adkison resigned from Wizards 13 In August 2001 the company went from a semi independent division of Hasbro to being consolidated into Hasbro s game division ICv2 an industry trade magazine reported that this is seen as a loss of autonomy for WotC by most The Hasbro release specified that despite the consolidation at the management level WotC will continue to operate out of its Seattle offices 48 Between 2001 and 2002 Hasbro sold Origins to GAMA 13 and in May 2002 sold Gen Con to Peter Adkison 49 Around this time Wizards outsourced its magazines by licensing Dungeon Dragon Polyhedron and Amazing Stories to Paizo Publishing 13 50 2000 2010 Edit Chuck Huebner became president and CEO of Wizards of the Coast in June 2002 51 52 In 2003 the company employed 850 people 53 Throughout the early 2000s Wizards won multiple Origins Awards including 2001 Best Role Playing Game Supplement Forgotten Realms Campaign Setting and the Best Game Related Novel Clan War 7th Scroll The Lion 2002 Best Role Playing Adventure City of the Spider Queen 2005 Collectible Card Game or Expansion of the Year Ravnica City of Guilds expansion for Magic The Gathering and Gamer s Choice Best Historical Game of the Year Axis and Allies Collectible Miniatures Game and the 2006 Miniature or Miniatures Line of the Year Colossal Red Dragon 54 55 56 57 It also won the 2002 Gold Ennie Award for Best Publisher 58 and the 2006 Silver Ennie Award for Fan s Choice for Best Publisher 59 In 2002 Wizards of the Coast s periodicals department was spun off and Paizo Publishing got the license to produce Dragon and Dungeon magazines The license expired in September 2007 and Wizards began publishing the magazines online 60 61 In 2003 Wizards released the Dungeons amp Dragons miniatures collectible pre painted plastic miniatures games In 2004 the company added a licensed Star Wars line In April 2004 Loren Greenwood succeeded Huebner in his positions 62 63 Also in 2004 Avalon Hill became a subsidiary of Hasbro s Wizards of the Coast division 45 In early 2006 Wizards of the Coast filed a lawsuit against Daron Rutter who was then administrator of the MTG Salvation website 64 The charges stemmed from Rutter publicly posting confidential prototypes for upcoming Magic The Gathering card sets to the MTG Salvation forums 64 ten months before the cards were to be released 65 66 The lawsuit was settled out of court according to Mark Rosewater 65 Greg Leeds succeeded Greenwood as president and CEO of Wizards of the Coast in March 2008 67 68 Then on June 6 2008 Wizards released the 4th Edition of Dungeons amp Dragons Wizards began introducing 4th Edition online content in Dragon and Dungeon magazines The 4th Edition was designed to offer more streamlined game play while the new rules framework intended to reduce the preparation time needed to run a game and make the game more accessible to new players 69 70 71 72 Throughout the 2000s Wizards released new editions of Magic The Gathering Seventh Edition in 2001 Eighth Edition in 2003 Ninth Edition in 2005 and Tenth Edition in 2007 In 2009 Wizards announced a new edition called Magic 2010 which coincided with the first major rules change to Magic since the Revised Edition was released in 1994 73 74 According to Aaron Forsythe the new set was intended to make the game easier for players of all levels to play 75 Magic 2010 was the first core set since Beta to feature new cards and it was the first core set with planeswalkers 74 76 By 2008 the company employed over 300 people 77 and went through a restructuring 78 On April 6 2009 Wizards of the Coast suspended all sales of its products for the Dungeons amp Dragons games in PDF format from places such as OneBookShelf and its online storefronts RPGNow and DriveThruRPG 79 80 This coincided with a lawsuit brought against eight people in an attempt to prevent future copyright infringement of their books and included the 4th edition Dungeons amp Dragons products that were made available through these places as well as all older editions PDFs of the game 81 82 2010 2020 Edit Wizards of the Coast logo 2010 2021 In 2012 Ethan Gilsdorf for the New York Times reported that Dungeons amp Dragons sales had slumped 83 Despite the company not releasing sales figures analysts and gaming experts noted that sales had been declining 83 That year Wizards announced a public playtest to develop a new edition of Dungeons amp Dragons called D amp D Next 83 84 85 86 The 5th edition of Dungeons amp Dragons was released on July 15 2014 with the Dungeons amp Dragons Starter Set featuring a set of pre generated characters a set of instructions for basic play and an adventure module Lost Mine of Phandelver 87 88 89 In 2014 126 870 units of the Dungeons amp Dragons Starter Set were sold In 2018 306 670 units of the Dungeons amp Dragons Starter Set were sold 90 Throughout the 2010s Wizards and its products continued to earn awards This included multiple 2015 Origins Awards such as Role Playing Game Fan Favorite Dungeon amp Dragons Players Handbook Role Playing Supplement Fan Favorite Dungeon amp Dragons Monster Manual and Collectible Card Game Magic the Gathering Khans of Tarkir 91 Wizards won the 2015 Gold Ennie Award for Fan s Choice for Best Publisher 92 and won the 2017 Gold Ennie Award for Fan s Choice for Best Publisher 93 In 2014 20th Century Fox acquired the screen rights to Magic the Gathering to turn the property into a movie series with Simon Kinberg attached to the project 94 95 Wizards filed a lawsuit against Cryptozoic Entertainment and Hex Entertainment in 2014 alleging that their online card game Hex Shards of Fate was a Magic the Gathering clone 96 All three companies agreed to a settlement the following year 97 In 2015 it was reported that an estimated 20 million people played Magic the Gathering around the world and that the game had tournaments a professional league and a weekly organized game program called Friday Night Magic 98 Since the release of 5th edition there have been over twenty Dungeon amp Dragons books published including new rulebooks campaign guides and adventure modules 99 100 According to The Seattle Times 2017 had the most number of players in its history 101 In Bloomberg Mary Pilon reported that sales of 5th edition Dungeon amp Dragons were up 41 percent in 2017 from the year before and soared another 52 percent in 2018 Also In 2017 9 million people watched others play D amp D on Twitch 90 In 2016 Wizards of the Coast partnered with OneBookShelf to create an online community content program called Dungeon Masters Guild DMsGuild that allowed creators to make and sell content using Wizards of the Coast properties In addition to being able to purchase community content older editions of Dungeon amp Dragons are available to be purchased on DMsGuild as PDFs or as print on demand books 102 103 104 In 2016 Chris Cocks was announced as a replacement for Greg Leeds 105 7 106 107 Giaco Furino for Vice wrote of high tensions at the company over deadlines 108 In 2019 Wizards of the Coast became a member of the Entertainment Software Association 109 110 In April 2019 Wizards of the Coast announced gaming industry veteran James Ohlen as the head of its new studio based in Austin Texas in January 2020 the new studio was revealed to be Archetype Entertainment 111 112 In June 2019 Netflix announced that Anthony and Joe Russo would partner with Wizards to create an animated series based on the mythology of Magic the Gathering The Russo brothers were executive producers on the series with writers Henry Gilroy and Jose Molina as showrunners and Bardel Entertainment on animation 113 114 In July 2019 Joe Deaux reported in Bloomberg that Magic is part of the Hasbro s franchise brands a segment that accounted for 2 45 billion in net revenue for the company last year According to Chris Cocks Magic accounted for a meaningful portion of that and KeyBanc estimated the game s contribution was more than 500 million of the franchise brands 43 In open beta testing since September 2018 Wizards released a Hearthstone competitor in 2019 called Magic The Gathering Arena which is a free to play digital collectible card game with microtransaction purchases 115 116 Brett Andress an analyst at KeyBanc Capital Markets predicted that Magic The Gathering Arena would add at least a 20 boost to earnings 43 2020 present Edit During the Hasbro earnings call in February 2020 chief executive officer Brian D Goldner reported that Wizards of the Coast was delivering positive results and that the company planned to double WotC s revenues between 2018 and 2023 117 He also reported that Magic The Gathering s revenues increased over 30 Magic The Gathering Arena had a strong first year and Dungeons amp Dragons revenues grew for the seventh straight year 117 118 Also in 2020 during the COVID 19 pandemic virtual play for Dungeons amp Dragons increased 86 119 On June 1 2020 Wizards released a statement in support of their black fans employees and community members after the murder of George Floyd 120 121 This provoked a backlash as multiple open letters were published criticizing the company for their treatment of people of color and documenting many issues black and brown community members have taken with the company s actions 120 122 123 The New York Times Polygon and Kotaku reported that following this criticism Wizards banned seven Magic The Gathering cards from tournament sanctioned play which were deemed racially offensive 124 121 125 The D amp D team then announced that it would be making changes to portions of its 5th edition product line that fans had called out for being insensitive including racist portrayals of a people known as the Vistani an in fiction analog for the Romani people and races characterized as monstrous and evil such as orcs and drow 126 127 128 The company also announced plans to be make changes to character creation to broaden the permissible spectrum of character types and added a sensitivity disclaimer to some legacy products that feature cultures inspired by Asia Mesoamerica and the Middle East 129 130 131 The Washington Post reported that the tabletop community has widely approved these changes 132 although Wired criticized some of the change attempts as often feeling like lip service 133 During the 2021 Investor Event Hasbro announced a company reorganization with three divisions Consumer Products Entertainment and Wizards amp Digital 4 5 The announcement was paired with a rebrand including a new logo and refreshed website for Wizards of the Coast 134 135 Wizards opened a new development video game studio in 2021 the first project being a high budget game based on the G I Joe franchise 136 137 In 2022 Chris Cocks became the CEO of Hasbro Cynthia Williams replaced him as president of Wizards amp Digital 138 139 In June 2022 Hasbro defeated a board challenge from activist investor Alta Fox Capital Management LLC 140 141 The hedge fund company which owns a 2 5 stake of Hasbro had been pushing to spin out Wizards of the Coast 142 143 into its own company in an attempt to create what they saw was more value by making a second publicly traded company with a more profitable line of business 144 In July 2022 Wizards of the Coast announced that they were establishing a new video game studio called Skeleton Key which will focus on AAA games Christian Dailey formally of BioWare will be head of the studio 145 146 Hasbro also announced that Wizards would acquire the D amp D Beyond digital toolset and game companion from Fandom 147 148 The official transfer to Wizards occurred in May 2022 149 150 At the Hasbro Investor Event in October 2022 it was announced that Dan Rawson former COO of Microsoft Dynamics 365 was appointed to the newly created position of Senior Vice President for the Dungeons amp Dragons brand Rawson will act as the new head of the franchise 151 152 Dicebreaker highlighted that Rawson s role is part of Wizards plans to apply more resources to the digital side of D amp D following the purchase of D amp D Beyond by Hasbro earlier in the year 153 Williams and Cocks at a December 2022 investor focused web seminar called the Dungeons amp Dragons brand under monetized 154 155 They highlighted the high engagement of fans with the brand however the majority of spending is by Dungeon Masters who are only roughly 20 of the player base Williams commented that the increased investment in digital will unlock the type of recurrent spending you see in digital games 154 155 In January 2023 Wizards cancelled at least five unnamed video game projects 156 157 158 the company also cancelled an internal project code named Jabberwocky and two other external games that were early in development 156 159 Jason Schreier Bloomberg News highlighted that while fewer than 15 people are slated to lose their jobs at Wizards the reorganization will land hard for several independent studios such as Boston based OtherSide Entertainment and Bellevue Washington based Hidden Path Entertainment both of which were working on games for Wizards of the Coast 156 159 Between November and December 2022 there was reported speculation that Wizards was planning on discontinuing the Open Game License OGL for Dungeons amp Dragons based on unconfirmed leaks 160 161 162 163 The OGL has allowed a wide range of unofficial commercial derivative work based on the mechanics of Dungeons and Dragons to be produced since 2000 164 it is credited with increasing the market share of d20 products 165 and leading to a boom in the RPG industry 166 In response to the speculation Wizards stated in November 2022 We will continue to support the thousands of creators making third party D amp D content with the release of One D amp D in 2024 167 Limited details on the update to the OGL including the addition of revenue reporting and required royalties were released by Wizards in December 2022 168 169 163 Linda Codega for Io9 in January 2023 reported on the details from a leaked full copy of the OGL 1 1 including updated terms such as no longer authorizing use of the OGL1 0 170 Codega highlighted that if the original license is in fact no longer viable every single licensed publisher will be affected by the new agreement The main takeaway from the leaked OGL 1 1 draft document is that WotC is keeping power close at hand 170 ICv2 commented that the leaked OGL has several controversial parts including prohibiting commercial publication for virtual tabletop platforms and that while it grants ownership of the OGL works to their creator it also gives WotC the perpetual irrevocable right to use their works in any way it sees fit without payment 171 In the days following the leak IGN 172 NME 173 Vice 174 and Inverse reported on negative reactions from both fans and professional content creators 175 ComicBook com reported that it had spoken with over 20 small to mid sized creators who have said that in progress projects set to be published under the OGL have been placed on hold due to the terms in the leak 176 Many designers had also reported considering switching role playing game systems entirely 176 Starburst commented that historically when the owners of Dungeons and Dragons attempt to restrict what people can do with the game it leads to a boom in other tabletop roleplaying games This is happening right now 177 On January 10 both Kobold Press and MCDM Productions announced upcoming new tabletop RPG systems with both stating their respective systems would be open games 177 178 179 On January 12 Paizo announced a new Open RPG Creative License ORC a system agnostic license as a direct response to the reported changes to the OGL Additional publishers such as Kobold Press Chaosium Green Ronin Legendary Games and Rogue Genius Games will be part of the ORC development process 180 181 Studios EditArchetype Entertainment in Austin Texas U S opened in April 2019 182 183 Atomic Arcade in Raleigh North Carolina led by Ames Kirshen formerly vice president of production and creative at Warner Bros Interactive Entertainment WBIE opened in September 2021 184 D amp D Beyond founded in 2017 acquired in May 2022 147 148 149 Mirrorstone Books opened in 2004 185 Studio X in Renton Washington U S opened in 2018 186 Skeleton Key in Austin Texas opened in July 2022 145 Tuque Games in Montreal Quebec Canada founded in 2012 acquired in October 2019 187 Wizards Kids Studio in Seattle Washington U S opened in December 2020 188 Former Edit Avalon Hill in Renton Washington U S founded 1952 acquired by Hasbro in 1998 moved to Wizards of the Coast in 2004 moved again to Hasbro Games in 2021 189 190 Last Unicorn Games in Philadelphia Pennsylvania U S founded in 1994 acquired and dissolved in 2000 191 TSR Inc in Lake Geneva Wisconsin U S founded in 1973 acquired and dissolved in 1997 22 23 See also EditList of Wizards of the Coast productsReferences Edit Hasbro About the Company Hasbro Hasbro Corporate Retrieved October 11 2021 Wizards of the Coast a subsidiary of Hasbro is an award winning developer and publisher of tabletop and digital games best known for MAGIC THE GATHERING and DUNGEONS amp DRAGONS Subsidiaries of the registrant HASBRO INC AND SUBSIDIARIES www sec gov Retrieved October 11 2021 a b Hasbro gets the Wizard CNN Money September 9 1999 Retrieved July 8 2019 a b Ewalt David M February 25 2021 Dungeons amp Dragons Gets a Bigger Role at Hasbro The Wall Street Journal ISSN 0099 9660 Archived from the original on February 25 2021 Retrieved February 26 2021 a b Hoffer Christian February 25 2021 Wizards of the Coast Gets a Big Promotion at Hasbro ComicBook Retrieved February 26 2021 Company Wizards of the Coast Retrieved December 29 2022 a b McFadden Adam June 27 2012 Wizards of the Coast brings a bit of Magic to Renton Renton Reporter Retrieved July 8 2019 a b Kaalaas Rich Adkison Peter August 29 2019 The Story Behind the Wizards of the Coast Logo amp Name YouTube Gen Con Archived from the original on October 31 2021 a b c Appelcline Shannon 2011 Designers amp Dragons Mongoose Publishing pp 276 277 294 ISBN 978 1 907702 58 7 Stiles Marc November 30 2015 After 45M sale Wizards of the Coast has a new landlord in Renton www bizjournals com Retrieved July 8 2019 Fannon Sean Patrick 1999 The Fantasy Roleplaying Gamer s Bible 2nd ed Obsidian Studios pp 151 154 ISBN 0 9674429 0 7 a b c Tynes John March 23 2001 Death to the Minotaur Part 1 Salon Media Group Archived from the original on August 23 2006 Retrieved September 1 2006 a b c d e f g h i j k Appelcline Shannon August 3 2006 Wizards of the Coast 1990 present A Brief History of Game RPGnet Archived from the original on August 24 2006 Retrieved September 1 2006 a b c d e Tinsman Brian 2003 The Game Inventor s Guidebook Krause Publications pp 11 12 18 63 76 ISBN 0 87349 552 7 Miller John Jackson 2001 Scrye Collectible Card Game Checklist amp Price Guide p 520 American Mensa mind games past winners Mind Games Archived from the original on December 20 2008 Retrieved December 27 2008 Origins Award Winners 1993 Academy of Adventure Gaming Arts amp Design Archived from the original on November 6 2007 Retrieved November 1 2007 a b Tynes John March 23 2001 Death to the Minotaur Part 2 Salon Media Group Archived from the original on July 5 2006 Retrieved September 1 2006 a b Awards Wizards of the Coast Archived from the original on November 6 2008 Retrieved November 8 2008 Mensa Select Games American Mensa s Mind Games Retrieved July 8 2019 Salomone Rosemary C 2002 Visions of Schooling Conscience Community and Common Education Yale University Press p 144 ISBN 978 0 300 09350 6 a b Brown Janelle April 10 1997 Disaffected Fans Cheer D amp D Buyout Wired ISSN 1059 1028 Archived from the original on June 23 2018 Retrieved October 10 2021 a b c The Story of D amp D Part Two How Wizards of the Coast Saved Dungeons amp Dragons Nerdist December 27 2017 Retrieved October 10 2021 Varney Allen May 3 2006 The Year in Gaming The Austin Chronicle Archived from the original on July 7 2011 Retrieved June 3 2007 Dungeons amp Dragons A Journey of Imaginations At The Lake Magazine November 25 2014 Retrieved May 4 2021 1980s space opera RPG Star Frontiers could be about to make a comeback Tabletop Gaming September 7 2017 Retrieved May 4 2021 Magic amp Memories The Complete History of Dungeons amp Dragons Part IV GameSpy August 18 2004 Retrieved November 8 2008 Johnson Harold et al 2004 30 Years of Adventure A Celebration of Dungeons amp Dragons Wizards of the Coast ISBN 0 7869 3498 0 a b Witwer Michael Newman Kyle Peterson Jon Witwer Sam 2018 Reincarnation 3rd Edition Dungeons and Dragons Art and Arcana A Visual History Ten Speed Press pp 287 324 ISBN 9780399580956 Will Dungeons amp Dragons Get A 6th Edition ScreenRant September 15 2020 Retrieved May 4 2021 2000 Academy of Adventure Gaming Arts and Design November 20 2008 Archived from the original on November 20 2008 Retrieved July 8 2019 2004 Academy of Adventure Gaming Arts and Design November 20 2008 Archived from the original on November 20 2008 Retrieved July 8 2019 Celebrate At Gen Con Indy As Dungeons amp Dragons Turns 30 Wizards of the Coast May 24 2004 Archived from the original on February 17 2009 Retrieved November 8 2008 Wizards Of The Coast Catches Pokemon Trading Card Game Rights wizards com August 27 1998 Archived from the original on February 21 1999 Retrieved June 15 2019 Pokemon Trading Card Game a Monster Success Stores Selling Out of Product within Hours of Restocking on Shelves Business Services Industry February 3 1999 Archived from the original on January 4 2009 Retrieved December 27 2008 Pokemon Trading Card Game Phenomenon Celebrates One year Anniversary With Release of Base Set 2 Base Set 2 Makes Learning the Game Easier with Instructional CD ROM Business Services Industry March 8 2000 Archived from the original on January 4 2009 Retrieved December 27 2008 Engleman Eric October 10 2003 A suit of cards Wizards of the Coast sues Nintendo over Pokemon game Puget Sound Business Journal Retrieved December 27 2008 COOK By JOHN October 11 2003 It s Wizards vs Pokemon as ex partners square off Seattle Post Intelligencer Retrieved December 29 2022 Pokemon USA Inc and Wizards of the Coast Inc Resolve Dispute Business Services Industry December 29 2003 Retrieved December 27 2008 a b Hasbro Inc Standard amp Poor s 500 Guide 2006 Edition Standard amp Poor s 2005 ISBN 978 0 07 146823 7 Wizards to Buy The Game Keeper IGN May 4 1999 Retrieved October 11 2021 FREY CHRISTINE December 30 2003 Wizards of the Coast to shut stores seattlepi com Retrieved October 11 2021 a b c Deaux Joe July 7 2019 Move Over Monopoly Hasbro s Next Big Growth Engine Is Magic Bloomberg Retrieved July 8 2019 Carlisle Rodney 2009 Encyclopedia of Play in Today s Society SAGE Publications p 53 ISBN 9781452266107 a b Hasbro Brief History April 15 2008 Archived from the original on April 15 2008 Retrieved July 8 2019 Miller II Stanley A August 3 2002 Gen gone Next year gamers will be draggin their tales to Indiana prairie Journal Sentinel Archived from the original on August 9 2007 Retrieved December 17 2008 Vince Caluori promoted to president of WoTC Fantasy and Science Fiction News November 17 1999 Archived from the original on September 25 2006 Retrieved November 3 2008 Hasbro Clips WotC s Wings icv2 com August 29 2001 Retrieved October 11 2021 Bub Andrew S July 26 2003 Interview with Peter Adkison GameSpy Archived from the original on December 21 2004 Retrieved June 21 2007 Wizards of the Coast Signs Exclusive Publishing Agreement With Paizo Publishing LLC To Produce Top Hobby Industry Magazines Press release Renton Washington Wizards of the Coast July 8 2002 Archived from the original on December 23 2007 Retrieved January 4 2008 Lang Jones Jeanne March 9 2003 Focusing Wizards CEO puts Wizards of the Coast under a corporate spell www bizjournals com Retrieved July 8 2019 Arango Tim June 6 2002 Hasbro Fires Exec Claiming Embezzlement TheStreet Retrieved July 8 2019 Cook John Reporter Seattle Post Intelligencer October 11 2003 It s Wizards vs Pokemon as ex partners square off seattlepi com Retrieved July 8 2019 2001 Academy of Adventure Gaming Arts and Design November 20 2008 Archived from the original on November 20 2008 Retrieved July 8 2019 2002 Academy of Adventure Gaming Arts and Design May 16 2008 Archived from the original on May 16 2008 Retrieved July 8 2019 2005 Academy of Adventure Gaming Arts and Design November 20 2008 Archived from the original on November 20 2008 Retrieved July 8 2019 33rd Annual Origins Awards Winners Academy of Adventure Gaming Arts and Design May 11 2008 Archived from the original on May 11 2008 Retrieved July 8 2019 The ENnie Awards 2002 Awards www ennie awards com Archived from the original on August 3 2009 Retrieved April 19 2022 The ENnie Awards 2006 Awards www ennie awards com Archived from the original on July 20 2009 Retrieved April 19 2022 Paizo Publishing to Cease Publication of Dragon and Dungeon Paizo Publishing April 19 2007 Archived from the original on July 13 2012 Retrieved December 27 2008 Magazine Publishers of America 2003 Defunct or Suspended Magazines 2007 MPA Website The Definitive Source of the Magazine Industry Magazine Publishers of America Archived from the original on September 22 2008 Retrieved February 5 2008 Business Digest Boeing issues new round of layoff notices Seattle Times April 17 2004 Archived from the original on July 8 2019 Retrieved July 8 2019 Loren Greenwood Named New WotC President ICv2 April 20 2004 Retrieved July 8 2019 a b Wizards Of The Coast Takes Legal Action Press release Renton Wash Wizards of the Coast January 19 2006 Archived from the original on January 1 2007 Retrieved September 2 2006 a b Rosewater Mark June 19 2006 Law amp Order Magicthegathering com Wizards of the Coast Archived from the original on June 3 2009 Retrieved December 31 2008 WotC Settles Suit With Fan icv2 com Retrieved July 8 2019 Greg Leeds Joins as New Head of Wizards of the Coast Press release Renton Wash Wizards of the Coast March 13 2008 Archived from the original on December 28 2008 Retrieved November 3 2008 New WotC President icv2 com March 13 2008 Retrieved July 8 2019 Dungeons amp Dragons 4th Edition Rulebooks Now Available Wizards of the Coast June 6 2008 Archived from the original on June 14 2008 Retrieved November 8 2008 Fahey Mike June 8 2008 D amp D 4th Edition Called Forth From Fiery Pit Kotaku Retrieved July 8 2019 Unboxing the New D amp D Red Box The Escapist www escapistmagazine com September 8 2010 Retrieved July 8 2019 Olivo Benjamin March 19 2010 Dungeons amp Dragons lasting magic San Antonio Express News Retrieved July 8 2019 Magic 2010 Rules Changes Reactions amp Analysis Article by Leaf www coolstuffinc com Retrieved July 9 2019 a b 2010 Core Set Returns Magic The Gathering to its Fantasy Roots Wired July 3 2009 ISSN 1059 1028 Retrieved July 9 2019 Recapturing the Magic with Magic 2010 Daily MTG Magic The Gathering September 7 2013 Archived from the original on September 7 2013 Retrieved July 9 2019 A Brief History of Planeswalkers in Competitive Magic PureMTGO Retrieved July 9 2019 About Wizards Archived from the original on September 3 2006 Restructuring at WotC icv2 com August 20 2008 Archived from the original on January 6 2010 Retrieved September 17 2021 WotC Ends PDF Download Sales icv2 com Retrieved July 8 2019 Wizards of the Coast CEO Greg Leeds on PDFs An ICv2 Interview ICv2 April 10 2009 Retrieved July 8 2019 Thorburn Tolena April 6 2009 Wizards of the Coast sues eight for copyright infringement Press release Wizards of the Coast Archived from the original on August 1 2012 Retrieved May 16 2013 Wizards Sues Eight icv2 com Retrieved July 8 2019 a b c Gilsdorf Ethan January 9 2012 Dungeons amp Dragons Remake Uses Players Input The New York Times ISSN 0362 4331 Retrieved July 9 2019 Locker Melissa DIY D amp D Dungeons amp Dragons Crowdsources the Classic Game Time ISSN 0040 781X Retrieved July 9 2019 Harnish M J January 9 2012 5th Edition D amp D Is in Development Should We Care Wired ISSN 1059 1028 Retrieved July 9 2019 Gilsdorf Ethan May 22 2012 Where Is D amp D Headed Next An Update with Mike Mearls And the Public Playtest Begins Wired ISSN 1059 1028 Retrieved July 9 2019 Hall Charlie August 11 2014 Dungeons and Dragons 5th Edition gives freedom back to the Dungeon Master Polygon Retrieved July 8 2019 The awesome glory that is Dungeons and Dragons 5th Edition Boing Boing boingboing net December 9 2014 Retrieved July 8 2019 Lucard Alex July 4 2014 Unboxing the D amp D Starter Set Dungeons amp Dragons Fifth Edition D amp D Next Diehard Gamefan Retrieved July 8 2019 a b Pilon Mary July 8 2019 The Rise of the Professional Dungeon Master Bloomberg Retrieved July 9 2019 Origins Awards Winners Origins Game Fair Archived from the original on July 9 2019 Retrieved July 9 2019 2015 ENnie Award Winners ENnie Awards www ennie awards com Archived from the original on August 31 2019 Retrieved May 15 2022 2017 Noms and Winners ENnie Awards www ennie awards com Archived from the original on August 23 2019 Retrieved May 15 2022 Kroll Justin January 13 2014 Fox Developing a Magic the Gathering Movie Variety Retrieved July 8 2019 Pitcher Jenna January 14 2014 Magic The Gathering film series on the cards for 20th Century Fox Polygon Retrieved July 8 2019 LeJacq Yannick May 14 2014 Wizards Of The Coast Is Suing Someone For Cloning Magic The Gathering Kotaku Retrieved July 8 2019 Kerr Chris September 29 2015 16 months on Wizards of the Coast settles Hex Shards of Fate lawsuit www gamasutra com Retrieved July 8 2019 Duffy Owen July 10 2015 How Magic the Gathering became a pop culture hit and where it goes next The Guardian ISSN 0261 3077 Retrieved July 8 2019 Books Wizards of the Coast Penguin Random House Canada Retrieved July 8 2019 Kunzelman Cameron July 3 2019 Dungeons amp Dragons Expands Its Line with Three New Releases Paste Magazine Retrieved July 8 2019 Brodeur Nicole May 4 2018 Behind the scenes of the making of Dungeons amp Dragons The Seattle Times Archived from the original on May 13 2018 Retrieved February 25 2020 D Anastasio Cecilia July 29 2016 D amp D s Dungeon Masters Guild Wants Players To Monetize Fan Content Kotaku Retrieved July 8 2019 The D20 Beat The DM s Guild is a fantastic way for D amp D to resurrect old settings VentureBeat July 29 2018 Retrieved July 8 2019 About Us Dungeon Masters Guild Retrieved July 8 2019 Hasbro Announces New Leadership for Wizards of the Coast Press release Pawtucket R I Hasbro Business Wire April 11 2016 Retrieved September 7 2016 From little kid to president of the company Wizards of the Coast leader stays in the ever evolving game GeekWire October 30 2018 Retrieved July 8 2019 Hall Charlie October 19 2016 The next D amp D movie has a very low bar to clear Polygon Retrieved July 8 2019 Furino Giaco September 12 2016 I Spent a Gloriously Geeky Day with the Makers of Dungeons amp Dragons Vice Retrieved July 9 2019 Video Game Industry Commitments to Further Inform Consumer Purchases Entertainment Software Association August 7 2019 Retrieved October 19 2020 Lopez Ule February 11 2019 ESA is Joined by SEGA Riot Games THQ Nordic and Other Publishers VGR Retrieved October 19 2020 Wizards of the Coast Opens New Austin Studio Variety April 24 2019 Retrieved April 24 2019 Wales Matt January 31 2020 Ex BioWare vets working on story driven sci fi game at new Wizards of the Coast studio Eurogamer Retrieved February 13 2020 Patches Matt June 3 2019 The directors of Avengers Endgame are adapting Magic The Gathering for Netflix Polygon Retrieved July 9 2019 Joyner Alfred July 7 2019 Sandman Magic the Gathering The Witcher Every major fantasy adaptation coming to Netflix ahead of streaming wars with Disney and Apple Newsweek Retrieved July 9 2019 Magic The Gathering Arena launches open beta test September 27 VentureBeat September 19 2018 Retrieved July 9 2019 Carter Chris July 6 2019 Magic Arena adds a battle season pass gets it all wrong with daily XP caps Destructoid Retrieved July 9 2019 a b Motley Fool Transcribers February 11 2020 Hasbro Inc HAS Q4 2019 Earnings Call Transcript The Motley Fool Retrieved February 12 2020 Parvini Sarah January 13 2021 Turning to Dungeons amp Dragons to escape a real life monster COVID 19 Los Angeles Times Archived from the original on January 13 2021 Retrieved February 10 2021 Parvini Sarah January 13 2021 Turning to Dungeons amp Dragons to escape a real life monster COVID 19 Los Angeles Times Archived from the original on January 13 2021 Retrieved February 10 2021 a b Racist and culturally offensive images pulled from hugely popular trading card game Washington Post June 22 2020 ISSN 0190 8286 Retrieved May 5 2022 a b Parrish Ash June 10 2020 Wizards Of The Coast Bans 7 Racist Magic The Gathering Cards Kotaku Retrieved June 11 2020 Magic The Gathering pulls racist playing cards from popular game Chicago Tribune June 23 2020 Retrieved May 5 2022 Magic The Gathering entfernt rassistische Spielkarten Magic The Gathering removes racist playing cards Der Spiegel in German June 25 2020 ISSN 2195 1349 Retrieved May 12 2022 Pietsch Bryan June 22 2020 Magic The Gathering Pulls Racist Playing Cards From Popular Game The New York Times ISSN 0362 4331 Retrieved August 20 2020 Hall Charlie June 10 2020 Racist Magic The Gathering cards banned removed from database by publisher Polygon Retrieved June 11 2020 Limbong Andrew June 29 2020 Dungeons amp Dragons Tries To Banish Racist Stereotypes NPR Retrieved July 25 2020 Parrish Ash June 23 2020 Wizards Of The Coast Will Finally Address Racist Stereotypes In Dungeons And Dragons Kotaku Retrieved July 26 2020 Elliott Josh K June 25 2020 Dungeons amp Dragons to change evil races due to racial stereotypes Global News Retrieved July 26 2020 Dungeons amp Dragons Adds Cultural Sensitivity Warnings to Legacy Titles CBR July 10 2020 Retrieved July 25 2020 Blum Jeremy July 11 2020 Dungeons amp Dragons Book Oriental Adventures Receives A Sensitivity Disclaimer HuffPost Retrieved July 25 2020 Hall Charlie Polo Susana June 25 2020 The game and comics industries are grappling with widespread allegations of harassment and abuse Polygon Retrieved June 26 2020 Modak Sebastian July 24 2020 Amid a pandemic and a racial reckoning D amp D finds itself at an inflection point The Washington Post Retrieved July 25 2020 Dungeons Dragons and Diversity Wired ISSN 1059 1028 Retrieved December 31 2020 Wizards Of The Coast Gets New Logo and Look Amidst Hasbro Shakeup MTG Rocks February 26 2021 Griepp Milton February 26 2021 WotC Makes More Money than Hasbro s Toy Business ICv2 Retrieved February 26 2021 Wizards Of The Coast s New Studio Is Hiring For Its AAA G I Joe Game Kotaku September 27 2021 Retrieved October 10 2021 Hoffer Christian September 26 2021 Wizards of the Coast Launches New AAA Game Studio Working on GI Joe Game ComicBook Retrieved October 10 2021 Wizards of the Coast Names New Leadership ComicBook com February 2 2022 Retrieved February 3 2022 Hasbro Appoints New Leadership for Wizards of the Coast Bloomberg Press release February 2 2022 Retrieved February 2 2022 Hasbro Fends Off Activist Alta Fox s Push for Board Shake Up Bloomberg com June 7 2022 Retrieved June 8 2022 Whitten Sarah June 8 2022 Dungeons amp Dragons maker Hasbro wins board battle against activist investor Alta Fox CNBC Retrieved June 8 2022 An epic proxy battle comes to Hasbro Transcript The Indicator from Planet Money NPR May 31 2022 Retrieved June 8 2022 Whitten Sarah May 18 2022 Hasbro slams activist investor s proposed board directors as proxy battle heats up CNBC Retrieved June 8 2022 Hasbro Board of Directors Re Elected Defeats Attempt to Spin Out Wizards of the Coast ComicBook com June 8 2022 Retrieved June 8 2022 a b Dinsdale Ryan July 26 2022 Wizards of the Coast Sets Up a Video Game Studio Led By Dragon Age Producer IGN Retrieved July 26 2022 Wizards of the Coast Announces New Video Game Studio Led by Former BioWare Director ComicBook com July 26 2022 Retrieved July 26 2022 a b Vlessing Etan April 13 2022 Hasbro Buys D amp D Beyond for 146 3M in Gaming Expansion The Hollywood Reporter Retrieved April 14 2022 a b Vanjani Karishma Hasbro Pushes for Digital Growth of Dungeons amp Dragons With 146M Acquisition www barrons com Retrieved April 14 2022 a b Change of D amp D Beyond Ownership D amp D Beyond Press release April 22 2022 Retrieved May 11 2022 Zambrano J R May 11 2022 D amp D Beyond Officially Changes Hands May 18th Bell of Lost Souls Retrieved May 11 2022 Hasbro Announces New Dungeons amp Dragons Head ComicBook com October 4 2022 Retrieved October 5 2022 Hasbro Adds SVP of D amp D Strengthening Online Side of Brand ICv2 October 5 2022 Retrieved October 5 2022 Wizards of the Coast appoints former Microsoft e commerce veteran as new senior VP of Dungeons amp Dragons Dicebreaker October 5 2022 Retrieved October 5 2022 a b Dungeons amp Dragons executives think the brand is really under monetised Dicebreaker December 9 2022 Retrieved January 12 2023 a b D amp D CEO Thinks Hobby Is Under Monetized Compared To Video Games Kotaku December 12 2022 Retrieved January 12 2023 a b c Schreier Jason January 3 2023 Hasbro s Wizards of the Coast Cancels Video Game Projects Bloomberg com Retrieved January 4 2023 Welsh Oli January 4 2023 Wizards of the Coast reportedly cancels at least 5 video games Polygon Retrieved January 4 2023 D amp D publisher Wizards of the Coast has cancelled at least five video games Dicebreaker January 4 2023 Retrieved January 4 2023 a b Schreier Jason January 3 2023 Hasbro s Wizards of the Coast Cancels Video Game Projects BNN Bloomberg Archived from the original on January 3 2023 Retrieved January 4 2023 Law Eric November 14 2022 Rumor One D amp D Might Be Killing Third Party Homebrew Content Game Rant Retrieved November 26 2022 Chancey Tyler November 22 2022 Wizards Clarifies One D amp D Third Party Support TechRaptor Retrieved November 26 2022 Dungeons amp Dragons Clarifies Support for Third Party Material as New Edition Draws Near ComicBook com November 21 2022 Retrieved November 26 2022 a b The Dungeons amp Dragons Open Gaming License Isn t Going Anywhere Gizmodo December 21 2022 Retrieved December 21 2022 Walsh Kit January 10 2023 Beware the Gifts of Dragons How D amp D s Open Gaming License May Have Become a Trap for Creators Electronic Frontier Foundation Archived from the original on January 12 2023 Retrieved January 12 2023 Demil Benoit Lecocq Xavier May 15 2014 The Rise and Fall of an Open Business Model Revue d economie industrielle 146 85 113 doi 10 4000 rei 5803 ISSN 0154 3229 Seaman Christopher B Tran Thuan 2022 Intellectual Property and Tabletop Games Iowa Law Review 107 4 1615 1683 Dungeons amp Dragons Clarifies Support for Third Party Material as New Edition Draws Near ComicBook com November 21 2022 Retrieved November 26 2022 OGLs SRDs amp One D amp D D amp D Beyond December 21 2022 Retrieved December 21 2022 Dungeons amp Dragons Announces Changes to OGL Some Third Party Creators Must Report Revenue and Potentially Pay Royalties ComicBook com December 21 2022 Retrieved December 21 2022 a b Codega Linda January 5 2023 Dungeons amp Dragons New License Tightens Its Grip on Competition Gizmodo Archived from the original on January 11 2023 Retrieved January 12 2023 Dungeons amp Dragons OGL 1 1 Furor ICv2 January 11 2023 Retrieved January 11 2023 Northup Travis January 6 2023 Wizards of the Coast OGL Change Draws Ire From Creators and Fans Alike It s Not Right IGN Retrieved January 10 2023 Nattrass J J January 9 2023 D amp D content creators outraged over licensing changes demand the game remain open NME Retrieved January 10 2023 Dungeons and Dragons Is Jeopardizing Its Greatest Strength Its Ubiquity www vice com January 12 2023 Retrieved January 12 2023 Plante Corey D amp D s community is up in arms over a controversial change Inverse Retrieved January 10 2023 a b Dungeons amp Dragons Community Holds Breath as Wizards of the Coast Prepares New OGL ComicBook com January 6 2023 Retrieved January 10 2023 a b DUNGEONS amp DRAGONS TV Show Announced Amid Controversy STARBURST Magazine January 10 2023 Retrieved January 11 2023 Law Eric January 10 2023 Dungeons and Dragons Publisher Kobold Press Making New Roleplaying System Game Rant Retrieved January 11 2023 Matt Colville Announces Plans for New RPG as Dungeons amp Dragons OGL Furor Continues ComicBook com January 10 2023 Retrieved January 11 2023 Paizo Announces Its Own Gaming License Amid D amp D OGL Controversy Gizmodo January 12 2023 Retrieved January 13 2023 Paizo Addresses Pathfinder s Future Announces New System Neutral Open RPG License ComicBook com January 12 2023 Retrieved January 13 2023 Sinclair Brendan April 24 2019 James Ohlen joins Wizards of the Coast GamesIndustry biz Retrieved February 13 2020 Wizards of the Coast s new Archetype Entertainment studio is making a sci fi RPG VentureBeat January 30 2020 Retrieved October 10 2021 Macgregor Jody September 27 2021 Wizards of the Coast is making a big budget G I Joe game PC Gamer Retrieved October 10 2021 Celebrate young adult literature s rise with Teen Read Week 2008 American Library Association July 31 2008 Retrieved October 11 2021 Since launching in 2004 Mirrorstone Books a subsidiary of Wizards of the Coast Inc has offered a wide array of fantasy fiction for children and young adults Project Booster in Magic Wizards of the Coast Retrieved October 10 2021 Wizards of the Coast acquires Tuque which is making a D amp D triple A game VentureBeat October 29 2019 Retrieved October 10 2021 Tanner Nicole December 12 2020 Wizards of the Coast hires video game vet Leah Hoyer to lead new Wizards Kids Studio GeekWire Retrieved October 10 2021 Management of Avalon Hill Board Game Brand Will Move From Wizards of the Coast to Hasbro ICv2 September 9 2020 Retrieved October 10 2021 EDITED TRANSCRIPT HAS OQ Hasbro Inc Investor Event 2021 Hasbro February 25 2021 Retrieved October 11 2021 This year we ll bring the relaunch of the AVALON HILL brand within the Hasbro Gaming portfolio Decipher Nabs Last Unicorn Developers ICv2 March 27 2001 Retrieved October 10 2021 External links Edit Media related to Wizards of the Coast at Wikimedia Commons Official website Portals Companies Dungeons amp Dragons Video games Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Wizards of the Coast amp oldid 1133288804, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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