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Wikipedia

Video game livestreaming

February 15, 2024

"Game streaming" redirects here. For video gaming on remote servers, see cloud gaming. For the level design technique, see Level streaming.

The live streaming of video games is an activity where people broadcast themselves playing games to a live audience online. The practice became popular in the mid-2010s on the US-based site Twitch, before growing to YouTube, Facebook, China-based sites Huya Live, DouYu, and Bilibili, and other services. By 2014, Twitch streams had more traffic than HBO's online streaming service, HBO Go. Professional streamers often combine high-level play and entertaining commentary, and earn income from sponsors, subscriptions, ad revenue, and donations.

Both AAA and indie developers have circumvented rising development costs by utilizing the free advertising live streaming provides. Independent titles such as Fall Guys, Rocket League, and Among Us are examples of games that have experienced a huge increase in player base as a result of streaming. Esports have also gained significant traction and attention from the accessibility of live streaming, and streaming has even been used as a method to raise awareness of social issues and money for charity.

Through live streaming, viewers can watch experienced or entertaining video game players while immersing themselves in a virtual audience of like-minded people. Many viewers cannot experience these video games due to time and financial constraints. Video game live streaming can be a remedy to this dilemma, allowing the audience to consume the act of the streamer's consumption.[1] Live streamers are seen as community organizers of a video game due to their ability to play said game or the entertainment they've created around it.[1]

Twitch is currently the most popular video game live-streaming service for both streamers and viewers. The website averaged 35 million daily users in 2022 and 7 million distinctive streamers go live every month.[2] Twitch has a global reach as well, hosting broadcasts in up to 35 different languages.[2]

Overview edit

History edit

Tomoaki Hamatsu (浜津 智明) also known as Nasubi (なすび, "Eggplant") is credited as the first video game live streamer due to the fact that he won a PlayStation, a TV, and the video game Densha de Go! all through Magazine Sweepstakes during the game show Denpa Shōnen teki Kenshō Seikatsu. (Denpa Shonen Sweepstakes Life) The goal of the game was to win ¥1 million ($6894.50) in sweepstake prizes all whilst being naked and he could only use stuff he won for food, clothing, and entertainment. By November 1998 Nasubi became the first to livestream a video game after winning a PlayStation along with his TV and the video game. He ended up playing this game for 3 whole days straight before banning himself from it due to it distracting him from his goal.

The popularity of livestreaming video games began with WSBN, a shoutcasting station, video streaming a competitive Starsiege Tribes match via Windows Media Encoder to approximately 50 people in 2001. Own3d, an early esport streaming website based in Austria, operated between 2009 and 2013.[3] It later became popular in the mid-2010s on sites such as Twitch.[4] By 2014, Twitch streams had more traffic than HBO Go and eventually hastened the closure of Justin.tv, which Twitch had originally spun out of.[5][6] In 2015, YouTube launched YouTube Gaming, a video gaming-oriented sub-site and app that intended to compete with Twitch.[7] Other notable video-game oriented streaming websites include Microsoft's Mixer, which shut down in July 2020, Smashcast.tv, which was formed after the merging of Azubu and Hitbox.tv, the South Korea-based afreecaTV, and many China based sites like Huya Live, DouYu and Bilibili.

In August 2020, China based video sharing website and live streaming service Bilibili paid Riot Games $113 million for the exclusive rights to broadcast League of Legends World Championship, Mid-Season Invitational and League of Legends All Star for three years in China. It was the biggest deal in the video game live streaming market, and made China's video game live streaming market bigger than Twitch, YouTube Gaming, and Facebook Gaming combined, according to journalist Rod Breslau.[8][9]

Impact on the video game industry edit

Live streaming has brought attention to previously obscure video games such as Rocket League, Fall Guys, and Among Us. Rocket League, a vehicular soccer game developed by Psyonix, sold over 5 million copies after becoming one of the top 5 most-watched games on Twitch when it released in July 2015. The game eventually accumulated over 12 million players and earned itself a Twitch Rocket League Championship Series.[10] In September 2020, Rocket League abandoned its traditional pricing scheme and became free-to-play.

This form of live streaming has become a popular form of advertising for video game developers, surpassing traditional mediums such as online magazines and traditional demos.[10] Potential consumers can experience newly released video games without having to purchase them, which helps them understand which titles they would like to purchase. In fact, recent research suggests that live streams bring additional players into broadcast games and even increase online sales of these games.[11]

Video game live streaming has increased the popularity of many free-to-play games like Fortnite, Call of Duty: Warzone, and Valorant. Free-to-play games cost no money to buy and play but offer purchasable items in-game in order to turn a profit. Items can range from clothes, weapon accessories, emotes, and more. Due to its popularity among live streamers and easy accessibility for viewers to play, free-to-play games blew up in popularity in the video game community.

Another reason for the increased popularity of free-to-play games was the frequent updates and patches provided for the player base.[12] Major issues users found in games were getting fixed much more frequently than in AAA games. Due to the popularity of these games, live-streaming platforms have become places of discussion and suggestions on how to improve these games.[12]

Older titles, such as Super Mario 64 and The Legend of Zelda: Ocarina of Time, have seen renewed popularity due to speedruns, or rapid completions, facilitated by live streaming.[10] This has been a key component in diversifying live streaming audiences.

Impact on esports edit

With the ability for anyone to watch from home on their devices, esports viewership reached 213 million in 2016 and continues to grow every year.[13] Popular eSports titles include Call of Duty, Counter Strike: Global Offensive, Dota 2, Fortnite, League of Legends, and Overwatch.[14] One of the biggest prize pools in esports was for the Dota 2 tournament, The International, which totaled a pool of US$25 million in 2017.[13]

Smaller video game communities, such as the Super Smash Bros Melee community, have benefited from the visibility they have gained from video game live streaming.[15] In 2013, several members of the Super Smash Bros Melee community live streamed in order to raise money to become the eighth game featured at the prestigious tournament Evolution Championship Series and overturn a decision by Nintendo to ban the game from the event.[16]

Streamer-Viewer Relationship edit

Livestreaming video games has become a phenomenon offering a range of entertainment and engagement. It's not just, about broadcasting gameplay it's about the unique dynamics that streamers bring to their live shows. Live chat logs are at the heart of this culture serving as a hub where viewers and streamers form a special bond.[17] People are not only interested in the gameplay itself but in the personalities and entertainment provided by the streamer. This connection goes beyond watching viewers often try to emulate the streamer's overall persona creating an environment where the streamer sets the tone and vibe of the livestream.[17] Live chat logs enable this interactivity through features like subscriber emotes – emoticons that viewers can use if they pay a subscription fee to support their favorite streamer.[17] These emotes are often designed specifically for each streamer reflecting their personality or unique language style allowing dedicated fans to communicate in their own way and making video game live-streaming even more immersive.[17]

Social activism edit

In December 2019, famous streamer, Dr. Lupo, hosted a 24-hour charity live stream to have all donations and earnings earned during the stream donated to St. Jude Children's Research Hospital. The stream managed to raise $2.3 million, with Twitch itself donating $1 million of the total.[18] In 2020, American politician Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez live streamed herself playing the popular game Among Us with other streamers who have large followings in an effort to encourage people to vote in the 2020 United States presidential election.[19]

Profession edit

Video game livestreaming is an emerging industry, the rise of the industry has allowed many Internet companies to rise while also allowing many grassroots gamers to leap to become big anchors, bringing more employment opportunities for young people.[20] Professional streamers often combine gameplay with highly knowledgeable or dexterous play and entertaining commentary. They can generate sufficient revenue from viewer subscriptions and donations, as well as platform advertisements and sponsorships from eSports organizations.[21] An October 2017 report from SuperData Research estimated that more people subscribed to video game streams and Let's Play videos on YouTube and Twitch than for all of HBO, Netflix, ESPN, and Hulu, combined.[22]

Benefits edit

As a profession, video game live streaming allows people to play the games they love while supporting their livelihood. As they gain bigger followings by streaming consistently and marketing, streamers are able to take advantage of the tools within most streaming platforms, such as subscriptions, donations, or advertisements, to support themselves.[23] On some live streaming platforms, such as Douyu and Huya Live, viewers can tip the streamers in the form of virtual gifting.[24] Streamers can also become sponsored, or offer rewards in the form of competitions or games to the viewers in order to promote their channel and increase viewership and monetization. Some competitions offer large money prizes for the winner. A professional Fortine player, Bugha, won 3 million dollars at the Fortnite World Cup in July 2019.[25] In addition, streams can control their work schedule and their success on their platform can give a strong sense of personal accomplishment.[26] Video game live streaming appeals to many for the ability to transform a hobby of playing video games into a profitable career of streaming them, in addition to the social benefits of being in a position of renown with a large viewership and semi-celebrity status.[26]

Risks edit

Streamers run the risk of being victims of stalking, as is common with other public figures. For example, a teenage viewer showed up uninvited to a streamer's house and requested to stream with him after having saved up for a one-way transcontinental flight.[27] Another risk to streamers is swatting, where someone makes a false report to police of serious criminal activity taking place at the streamer's residence, resulting in a raid by police, which is often captured live by the streaming service.[28] Such activity can create serious risk to the streamer, and has even resulted in deaths. In the 2017 Wichita swatting, police officers killed a man named Andrew Finch at his Kansas home. Finch was the unintended victim of the swatting after two Call of Duty players on the same team got into a heated argument about a US$1.50 bet. LAPD arrested 25-year-old serial-swatter Tyler Raj Barriss, known online as "SWAuTistic" and "GoredTutor36", in connection with the incident, who was later sentenced to 20 years in federal prison for the offense.[29][30][31][32] In another instance, a streamer by the name Jamie Lynn Greenwood was swatted while playing Minecraft.[33]

Stream sniping edit

Stream sniping is a common tactic to gain an advantage in a video game by watching the live stream of an enemy player while playing.[34] Several video game developers have taken measures against stream sniping, and video games such as Rust and Fortnite now hide the names of popular streamers.[35][36] In November 2018, live streamer Ninja controversially threatened to report a player who he thought had killed him in Fortnite by stream sniping.[37] While stream sniping happens somewhat rarely for most streamers due to the countermeasures set by the games, as well as tactics set up by the streamers themselves like covering up the in-game map or setting a delay for the stream, there are cases, like for the popular Twitch streamer Forsen, where stream sniping plays a part in a streamer's entertainment and therefore the streamer allows it.[38]

Entry edit

Players involved in eSports can get into streaming by using their popularity or by using their honed skills and in-depth game knowledge during their livestream.[26] People on YouTube or other social media platforms often become streamers as well to interact more with viewers. Other types of people that enter streaming include video game creators and people who write articles or blogs about video games.[26]

To build an audience, experienced streamers recommend that newer streamers stream a popular game because it is more likely to interest viewers.[6] Popular titles in the mid-2010s include League of Legends, Dota 2, first-person shooters such as Counter Strike: Global Offensive, and card games such as Hearthstone. Viewers are more interested in players who play and entertain well, offering jokes, pop culture, and current event commentary instead of repetitive gameplay. Streamers also recommend keeping a schedule so viewers know when to watch, self-promoting on social media, and holding giveaway contests to increase followers.[6]

Streaming equipment edit

Microphones are critical to live streaming because they allow streamers to vocally communicate with their audience.[39] Webcams are also useful because they allow the audience to see streamers and recognize them.[39] If using a webcam, many streamers have additional lighting to brighten up their faces when streaming to allow viewers to see them clearly.[39] An Ethernet cable (as opposed to WiFi) is highly recommended for streamers because it minimizes stuttering while streaming.[39] XLR or USB cardiod microphones are a popular choice among streamers and can be spotted in most streams.

Home video game consoles, such as the PlayStation 4, PlayStation 5, Xbox Series X and Xbox One, contain built-in streaming and optional camera integration for streamers to use. Streamers using computers use software such as Open Broadcaster Software or XSplit to upload a livestream to the Twitch servers.[6] For streamers using laptops, many gaming laptops are coming with new graphics cards and better connectivity to help streamers to stream their gaming experiences.[40]

List of video game live streaming websites edit

Active edit

The following is a list of sites that primarily focuses on video game live streaming, including broadcasts of eSports competitions, in addition to other types of content.

 
YouTube Gaming booth at Google event in 2019
Website Domain Launch Owner Note
Twitch twitch.tv June 6, 2011 Amazon
YouTube youtube.com/gaming Google
Facebook fb.gg Meta Platforms
Steam Broadcast steamcommunity.com 2015 Valve
DLive dlive.tv September 2018 Rainberry, Inc.
Kick kick.com December 1, 2022
Trovo Live trovo.live March, 2020 Tencent[41]
Huya Live[42] huya.com November 24, 2014 Tencent (50.1%), JOYY (43%)[19]
Nimo TV nimo.tv May 3, 2018 Huya Live 's global site
DouYu[42] douyu.com 2014 Tencent (37%)[43]
Bilibili[44] live.bilibili.com Tencent (Minority ownership)[13]
Kuaishou live.kuaishou.com Tencent (Minority ownership)[13]
YY[42] yy.com 2012 JOYY[19]
Caffeine caffeine.tv January 31, 2018
afreecaTV afreecatv.com May 11, 2005
Loco[45] loco.gg November 2017[46] Anirudh Pandita, Ashwin Suresh[47]
Owncast owncast.online August 8, 2020 Owncast is part of the Fediverse and can be self-hosted
Mildom mildom.com August 2019

Defunct edit

Website Domain Launch Owner Note
Mixer mixer.com January 5, 2016 Microsoft Mixer has shut down on July 22, 2020. (Microsoft currently partners with Facebook)[48]
Smashcast smashcast.tv May, 2017 Defunct as of 2020
Azubu azubu.tv 2012 Shut down and was succeeded by Smashcast
Hitbox hitbox.tv October 2013 Acquired by Azubu and then succeeded by Smashcast

Legal issues edit

Main article: Legal issues with Let's Play videos

Live streaming of video games has many of the same legal issues that Let's Play videos may have. First and foremost, such videos can be considered a copyright violation, though is argued to be protected by fair use defenses. Streamers with larger audiences can also promote the game before its release by receiving a copy of the game from the developer to play on their platform, which runs the risk of violating ethical business practices if they stand to make a substantial amount of income from this promotion.[49]

Nintendo has generally taken a strong stance compared to other publishers for allowing their games to be streamed or recorded. Initially, they have used YouTube's Content ID system to register their games such that they can generate ad revenue from streaming videos and Let's Play videos.[50] By about 2014, Nintendo crafted its Nintendo Creators Program, which would allow players providing live streams and Let's Plays of Nintendo games that sign onto the program to receive some monetization of these videos through YouTube.[51][52] However, in September 2017, Nintendo changed the program specifically preventing affiliates from streaming video of Nintendo games, monetized or not, though non-affiliated accounts, and Let's Plays with commentary, remain unaffected.[53] However, on November 28, 2018, Nintendo announced that the program was shutting down.[54][55]

The playing of copyrighted music without proper permission may cause archived streams to be removed or muted. Streamers can also be suspended, due to complaints under laws such as the U.S. Online Copyright Infringement Liability Limitation Act, or automated content matching. More than 10 popular Twitch streamers, including Félix "xQc" Lengyel and Zachary "Sneaky" Scuderi, were banned for 24 hours for allegedly playing a song by Juice WRLD in June 2018. Some of the bans were lifted, with the artist's record label Interscope claiming that the ban was accidental.[56][57] Even backlash from small streamers is on the rise. English live streamer PhatUnicorn420 uses music from his real life brother, music producer SampleTheChef. Even after rejecting and disputing over 200 video mutes to his channel, Twitch are still unable to identify Phat's claims and to stop them reoccurring. Twitch sent a letter to users in October 2020 stating that it would remove videos or channels that had copyrighted music on them, and that it could not stop streamers from facing punishments due to Digital Millennium Copyright Act (DMCA) violations.[58]

See also edit

References edit

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Further reading edit

  • Andronico, Michael (August 11, 2017). "The Ultimate Guide to Twitch Streaming". Tom's Guide. Retrieved August 11, 2017.
  • Bowman, Ben (January 16, 2017). "How Twitch is turning 'always be streaming' into a career with zero balance". Polygon. Retrieved August 11, 2017.
  • Brant, Tom (March 2, 2017). "Here's What Twitch Thinks of Games, Streamers, and Viewers". PC Magazine. Retrieved August 11, 2017.
  • Campbell, Colin (May 12, 2016). "Racism, Hearthstone and Twitch". Polygon. Retrieved August 12, 2017.
  • Campbell, Colin (November 24, 2016). "Twitch chat research shows how women streamers face objectification". Polygon. Retrieved August 12, 2017.
  • Corriea, Alexa Ray (July 4, 2014). "Someone is donating thousands of dollars to Twitch streamers". Polygon. Retrieved August 12, 2017.
  • D'Anastasio, Cecilia (April 12, 2017). "It's Time For YouTubers And Twitch Streamers To Organize". Kotaku. Retrieved August 11, 2017.
  • D'Anastasio, Cecilia (February 15, 2017). "For Twitch Streamers Who Spend Their Lives On Camera, It's Hard To Know When To Stop". Kotaku. Retrieved August 11, 2017.
  • D'Anastasio, Cecilia (June 22, 2017). "YouTuber Reminds Fans How Much Fake Donations Can Hurt". Kotaku. Retrieved August 11, 2017.
  • D'Anastasio, Cecilia (July 28, 2016). "The Mom Who Moderates Her Daughter's Rowdy Twitch Chat". Kotaku.
  • D'Anastasio, Cecilia (November 23, 2016). "Study Shows Twitch Chat Is Very Different When Women Are Streaming". Kotaku.
  • Frank, Allegra (August 3, 2017). "PUBG players won't stop honking at streamers". Polygon. Retrieved August 12, 2017.
  • Frank, Allegra (July 30, 2017). "Playerunknown's Battlegrounds 'stream sniping' ban divides community". Polygon. Retrieved August 12, 2017.
  • Goslin, Austen (January 28, 2020). "The mass Twitch exodus: Why streamers are leaving". Polygon. Retrieved March 24, 2020.
  • Grayson, Nathan (March 20, 2015). "Why People Are Arguing About Women Streamers Showing Skin". Kotaku.
  • Hall, Charlie (March 24, 2017). "Why are streamers and players flocking to survival shooter Battlegrounds?". Polygon. Retrieved August 12, 2017.
  • Hernandez, Patricia (February 6, 2013). "They're Attractive, They're Women, And They Play Games Live On The Internet. But They're Not 'Camwhores.'". Kotaku. Retrieved August 12, 2017.
  • Hernandez, Patricia (March 11, 2016). "Twitch Player: I'm Done Being a 'Boobie Streamer'". Kotaku.
  • Hernandez, Patricia (September 26, 2016). "Banned From Twitch, 'Bikini Streamer' Finds Success (And Haters) On YouTube". Kotaku.
  • Hernandez, Patricia (August 16, 2019). "The people who watch video games, but never play them". Polygon. Retrieved August 18, 2019.
  • Khalid, Amrita (January 28, 2020). "YouTube is now the biggest threat to Twitch". Quartz. Retrieved March 24, 2020.
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February 15, 2024
video, game, livestreaming, game, streaming, redirects, here, video, gaming, remote, servers, cloud, gaming, level, design, technique, level, streaming, examples, perspective, this, article, represent, worldwide, view, subject, improve, this, article, discuss,. Game streaming redirects here For video gaming on remote servers see cloud gaming For the level design technique see Level streaming The examples and perspective in this article may not represent a worldwide view of the subject You may improve this article discuss the issue on the talk page or create a new article as appropriate June 2020 Learn how and when to remove this template message The live streaming of video games is an activity where people broadcast themselves playing games to a live audience online The practice became popular in the mid 2010s on the US based site Twitch before growing to YouTube Facebook China based sites Huya Live DouYu and Bilibili and other services By 2014 Twitch streams had more traffic than HBO s online streaming service HBO Go Professional streamers often combine high level play and entertaining commentary and earn income from sponsors subscriptions ad revenue and donations Both AAA and indie developers have circumvented rising development costs by utilizing the free advertising live streaming provides Independent titles such as Fall Guys Rocket League and Among Us are examples of games that have experienced a huge increase in player base as a result of streaming Esports have also gained significant traction and attention from the accessibility of live streaming and streaming has even been used as a method to raise awareness of social issues and money for charity Through live streaming viewers can watch experienced or entertaining video game players while immersing themselves in a virtual audience of like minded people Many viewers cannot experience these video games due to time and financial constraints Video game live streaming can be a remedy to this dilemma allowing the audience to consume the act of the streamer s consumption 1 Live streamers are seen as community organizers of a video game due to their ability to play said game or the entertainment they ve created around it 1 Twitch is currently the most popular video game live streaming service for both streamers and viewers The website averaged 35 million daily users in 2022 and 7 million distinctive streamers go live every month 2 Twitch has a global reach as well hosting broadcasts in up to 35 different languages 2 Contents 1 Overview 1 1 History 1 2 Impact on the video game industry 1 3 Impact on esports 1 4 Streamer Viewer Relationship 1 5 Social activism 2 Profession 2 1 Benefits 2 2 Risks 2 2 1 Stream sniping 2 3 Entry 2 4 Streaming equipment 3 List of video game live streaming websites 3 1 Active 3 2 Defunct 4 Legal issues 5 See also 6 References 7 Further readingOverview editHistory edit Tomoaki Hamatsu 浜津 智明 also known as Nasubi なすび Eggplant is credited as the first video game live streamer due to the fact that he won a PlayStation a TV and the video game Densha de Go all through Magazine Sweepstakes during the game show Denpa Shōnen teki Kenshō Seikatsu Denpa Shonen Sweepstakes Life The goal of the game was to win 1 million 6894 50 in sweepstake prizes all whilst being naked and he could only use stuff he won for food clothing and entertainment By November 1998 Nasubi became the first to livestream a video game after winning a PlayStation along with his TV and the video game He ended up playing this game for 3 whole days straight before banning himself from it due to it distracting him from his goal The popularity of livestreaming video games began with WSBN a shoutcasting station video streaming a competitive Starsiege Tribes match via Windows Media Encoder to approximately 50 people in 2001 Own3d an early esport streaming website based in Austria operated between 2009 and 2013 3 It later became popular in the mid 2010s on sites such as Twitch 4 By 2014 Twitch streams had more traffic than HBO Go and eventually hastened the closure of Justin tv which Twitch had originally spun out of 5 6 In 2015 YouTube launched YouTube Gaming a video gaming oriented sub site and app that intended to compete with Twitch 7 Other notable video game oriented streaming websites include Microsoft s Mixer which shut down in July 2020 Smashcast tv which was formed after the merging of Azubu and Hitbox tv the South Korea based afreecaTV and many China based sites like Huya Live DouYu and Bilibili In August 2020 China based video sharing website and live streaming service Bilibili paid Riot Games 113 million for the exclusive rights to broadcast League of Legends World Championship Mid Season Invitational and League of Legends All Star for three years in China It was the biggest deal in the video game live streaming market and made China s video game live streaming market bigger than Twitch YouTube Gaming and Facebook Gaming combined according to journalist Rod Breslau 8 9 Impact on the video game industry edit Live streaming has brought attention to previously obscure video games such as Rocket League Fall Guys and Among Us Rocket League a vehicular soccer game developed by Psyonix sold over 5 million copies after becoming one of the top 5 most watched games on Twitch when it released in July 2015 The game eventually accumulated over 12 million players and earned itself a Twitch Rocket League Championship Series 10 In September 2020 Rocket League abandoned its traditional pricing scheme and became free to play This form of live streaming has become a popular form of advertising for video game developers surpassing traditional mediums such as online magazines and traditional demos 10 Potential consumers can experience newly released video games without having to purchase them which helps them understand which titles they would like to purchase In fact recent research suggests that live streams bring additional players into broadcast games and even increase online sales of these games 11 Video game live streaming has increased the popularity of many free to play games like Fortnite Call of Duty Warzone and Valorant Free to play games cost no money to buy and play but offer purchasable items in game in order to turn a profit Items can range from clothes weapon accessories emotes and more Due to its popularity among live streamers and easy accessibility for viewers to play free to play games blew up in popularity in the video game community Another reason for the increased popularity of free to play games was the frequent updates and patches provided for the player base 12 Major issues users found in games were getting fixed much more frequently than in AAA games Due to the popularity of these games live streaming platforms have become places of discussion and suggestions on how to improve these games 12 Older titles such as Super Mario 64 and The Legend of Zelda Ocarina of Time have seen renewed popularity due to speedruns or rapid completions facilitated by live streaming 10 This has been a key component in diversifying live streaming audiences Impact on esports edit With the ability for anyone to watch from home on their devices esports viewership reached 213 million in 2016 and continues to grow every year 13 Popular eSports titles include Call of Duty Counter Strike Global Offensive Dota 2 Fortnite League of Legends and Overwatch 14 One of the biggest prize pools in esports was for the Dota 2 tournament The International which totaled a pool of US 25 million in 2017 13 Smaller video game communities such as the Super Smash Bros Melee community have benefited from the visibility they have gained from video game live streaming 15 In 2013 several members of the Super Smash Bros Melee community live streamed in order to raise money to become the eighth game featured at the prestigious tournament Evolution Championship Series and overturn a decision by Nintendo to ban the game from the event 16 Streamer Viewer Relationship edit Livestreaming video games has become a phenomenon offering a range of entertainment and engagement It s not just about broadcasting gameplay it s about the unique dynamics that streamers bring to their live shows Live chat logs are at the heart of this culture serving as a hub where viewers and streamers form a special bond 17 People are not only interested in the gameplay itself but in the personalities and entertainment provided by the streamer This connection goes beyond watching viewers often try to emulate the streamer s overall persona creating an environment where the streamer sets the tone and vibe of the livestream 17 Live chat logs enable this interactivity through features like subscriber emotes emoticons that viewers can use if they pay a subscription fee to support their favorite streamer 17 These emotes are often designed specifically for each streamer reflecting their personality or unique language style allowing dedicated fans to communicate in their own way and making video game live streaming even more immersive 17 Social activism edit In December 2019 famous streamer Dr Lupo hosted a 24 hour charity live stream to have all donations and earnings earned during the stream donated to St Jude Children s Research Hospital The stream managed to raise 2 3 million with Twitch itself donating 1 million of the total 18 In 2020 American politician Alexandria Ocasio Cortez live streamed herself playing the popular game Among Us with other streamers who have large followings in an effort to encourage people to vote in the 2020 United States presidential election 19 Profession editVideo game livestreaming is an emerging industry the rise of the industry has allowed many Internet companies to rise while also allowing many grassroots gamers to leap to become big anchors bringing more employment opportunities for young people 20 Professional streamers often combine gameplay with highly knowledgeable or dexterous play and entertaining commentary They can generate sufficient revenue from viewer subscriptions and donations as well as platform advertisements and sponsorships from eSports organizations 21 An October 2017 report from SuperData Research estimated that more people subscribed to video game streams and Let s Play videos on YouTube and Twitch than for all of HBO Netflix ESPN and Hulu combined 22 Benefits edit As a profession video game live streaming allows people to play the games they love while supporting their livelihood As they gain bigger followings by streaming consistently and marketing streamers are able to take advantage of the tools within most streaming platforms such as subscriptions donations or advertisements to support themselves 23 On some live streaming platforms such as Douyu and Huya Live viewers can tip the streamers in the form of virtual gifting 24 Streamers can also become sponsored or offer rewards in the form of competitions or games to the viewers in order to promote their channel and increase viewership and monetization Some competitions offer large money prizes for the winner A professional Fortine player Bugha won 3 million dollars at the Fortnite World Cup in July 2019 25 In addition streams can control their work schedule and their success on their platform can give a strong sense of personal accomplishment 26 Video game live streaming appeals to many for the ability to transform a hobby of playing video games into a profitable career of streaming them in addition to the social benefits of being in a position of renown with a large viewership and semi celebrity status 26 Risks edit Streamers run the risk of being victims of stalking as is common with other public figures For example a teenage viewer showed up uninvited to a streamer s house and requested to stream with him after having saved up for a one way transcontinental flight 27 Another risk to streamers is swatting where someone makes a false report to police of serious criminal activity taking place at the streamer s residence resulting in a raid by police which is often captured live by the streaming service 28 Such activity can create serious risk to the streamer and has even resulted in deaths In the 2017 Wichita swatting police officers killed a man named Andrew Finch at his Kansas home Finch was the unintended victim of the swatting after two Call of Duty players on the same team got into a heated argument about a US 1 50 bet LAPD arrested 25 year old serial swatter Tyler Raj Barriss known online as SWAuTistic and GoredTutor36 in connection with the incident who was later sentenced to 20 years in federal prison for the offense 29 30 31 32 In another instance a streamer by the name Jamie Lynn Greenwood was swatted while playing Minecraft 33 Stream sniping edit Stream sniping is a common tactic to gain an advantage in a video game by watching the live stream of an enemy player while playing 34 Several video game developers have taken measures against stream sniping and video games such as Rust and Fortnite now hide the names of popular streamers 35 36 In November 2018 live streamer Ninja controversially threatened to report a player who he thought had killed him in Fortnite by stream sniping 37 While stream sniping happens somewhat rarely for most streamers due to the countermeasures set by the games as well as tactics set up by the streamers themselves like covering up the in game map or setting a delay for the stream there are cases like for the popular Twitch streamer Forsen where stream sniping plays a part in a streamer s entertainment and therefore the streamer allows it 38 Entry edit Players involved in eSports can get into streaming by using their popularity or by using their honed skills and in depth game knowledge during their livestream 26 People on YouTube or other social media platforms often become streamers as well to interact more with viewers Other types of people that enter streaming include video game creators and people who write articles or blogs about video games 26 To build an audience experienced streamers recommend that newer streamers stream a popular game because it is more likely to interest viewers 6 Popular titles in the mid 2010s include League of Legends Dota 2 first person shooters such as Counter Strike Global Offensive and card games such as Hearthstone Viewers are more interested in players who play and entertain well offering jokes pop culture and current event commentary instead of repetitive gameplay Streamers also recommend keeping a schedule so viewers know when to watch self promoting on social media and holding giveaway contests to increase followers 6 Streaming equipment edit Microphones are critical to live streaming because they allow streamers to vocally communicate with their audience 39 Webcams are also useful because they allow the audience to see streamers and recognize them 39 If using a webcam many streamers have additional lighting to brighten up their faces when streaming to allow viewers to see them clearly 39 An Ethernet cable as opposed to WiFi is highly recommended for streamers because it minimizes stuttering while streaming 39 XLR or USB cardiod microphones are a popular choice among streamers and can be spotted in most streams Home video game consoles such as the PlayStation 4 PlayStation 5 Xbox Series X and Xbox One contain built in streaming and optional camera integration for streamers to use Streamers using computers use software such as Open Broadcaster Software or XSplit to upload a livestream to the Twitch servers 6 For streamers using laptops many gaming laptops are coming with new graphics cards and better connectivity to help streamers to stream their gaming experiences 40 List of video game live streaming websites editActive edit The following is a list of sites that primarily focuses on video game live streaming including broadcasts of eSports competitions in addition to other types of content nbsp YouTube Gaming booth at Google event in 2019Website Domain Launch Owner NoteTwitch twitch tv June 6 2011 AmazonYouTube youtube com gaming GoogleFacebook fb gg Meta PlatformsSteam Broadcast steamcommunity com 2015 ValveDLive dlive tv September 2018 Rainberry Inc Kick kick com December 1 2022Trovo Live trovo live March 2020 Tencent 41 Huya Live 42 huya com November 24 2014 Tencent 50 1 JOYY 43 19 Nimo TV nimo tv May 3 2018 Huya Live s global siteDouYu 42 douyu com 2014 Tencent 37 43 Bilibili 44 live bilibili com Tencent Minority ownership 13 Kuaishou live kuaishou com Tencent Minority ownership 13 YY 42 yy com 2012 JOYY 19 Caffeine caffeine tv January 31 2018afreecaTV afreecatv com May 11 2005Loco 45 loco gg November 2017 46 Anirudh Pandita Ashwin Suresh 47 Owncast owncast online August 8 2020 Owncast is part of the Fediverse and can be self hostedMildom mildom com August 2019Defunct edit Website Domain Launch Owner NoteMixer mixer com January 5 2016 Microsoft Mixer has shut down on July 22 2020 Microsoft currently partners with Facebook 48 Smashcast smashcast tv May 2017 Defunct as of 2020Azubu azubu tv 2012 Shut down and was succeeded by SmashcastHitbox hitbox tv October 2013 Acquired by Azubu and then succeeded by SmashcastLegal issues editMain article Legal issues with Let s Play videos Live streaming of video games has many of the same legal issues that Let s Play videos may have First and foremost such videos can be considered a copyright violation though is argued to be protected by fair use defenses Streamers with larger audiences can also promote the game before its release by receiving a copy of the game from the developer to play on their platform which runs the risk of violating ethical business practices if they stand to make a substantial amount of income from this promotion 49 Nintendo has generally taken a strong stance compared to other publishers for allowing their games to be streamed or recorded Initially they have used YouTube s Content ID system to register their games such that they can generate ad revenue from streaming videos and Let s Play videos 50 By about 2014 Nintendo crafted its Nintendo Creators Program which would allow players providing live streams and Let s Plays of Nintendo games that sign onto the program to receive some monetization of these videos through YouTube 51 52 However in September 2017 Nintendo changed the program specifically preventing affiliates from streaming video of Nintendo games monetized or not though non affiliated accounts and Let s Plays with commentary remain unaffected 53 However on November 28 2018 Nintendo announced that the program was shutting down 54 55 The playing of copyrighted music without proper permission may cause archived streams to be removed or muted Streamers can also be suspended due to complaints under laws such as the U S Online Copyright Infringement Liability Limitation Act or automated content matching More than 10 popular Twitch streamers including Felix xQc Lengyel and Zachary Sneaky Scuderi were banned for 24 hours for allegedly playing a song by Juice WRLD in June 2018 Some of the bans were lifted with the artist s record label Interscope claiming that the ban was accidental 56 57 Even backlash from small streamers is on the rise English live streamer PhatUnicorn420 uses music from his real life brother music producer SampleTheChef Even after rejecting and disputing over 200 video mutes to his channel Twitch are still unable to identify Phat s claims and to stop them reoccurring Twitch sent a letter to users in October 2020 stating that it would remove videos or channels that had copyrighted music on them and that it could not stop streamers from facing punishments due to Digital Millennium Copyright Act DMCA violations 58 See also editGamecaster Online streamer Software vision mixerReferences edit a b Kohls Harper Hiler Jacob L Cook Laurel Aynne 1 January 2023 Why do we twitch Vicarious consumption in video game livestreaming Journal of Consumer Marketing 40 6 639 650 doi 10 1108 jcm 03 2020 3727 S2CID 258118414 a b Twitch Ads Audience Twitch tv Wilson Nick 30 May 2013 Own3D ceases operations all content to be deleted within 24 hours forever PCGamesN Retrieved 2022 09 18 Slotnik Daniel E March 15 2017 Gamer s Death Pushes Risks of Live Streaming Into View The New York Times ISSN 0362 4331 Mugen 2019 12 15 Mit der PS4 auf Twitch streamen Guide Mugens Reviews Retrieved 2020 11 19 a b c d Graziano Dan September 4 2014 The complete guide to streaming games on Twitch CNET Retrieved August 11 2017 Dredge Stuart August 26 2015 Google launches YouTube Gaming to challenge Amazon owned Twitch The Guardian Retrieved September 5 2015 Riot signs 3 year deal granting Bilibili exclusive broadcasting rights in China for international events Dot Esports 2020 08 03 Retrieved 2020 08 03 Rod Breslau on Twitter Twitter Retrieved 2020 08 03 at this point between Huya Douyu who were both outbid for the Riot deal and Bilibili alone China s live streaming market feels like it s bigger than Twitch YouTube Gaming and Facebook Gaming combined a b c Johnson Mark R Woodcock Jamie 2019 07 01 The impacts of live streaming and Twitch tv on the video game industry Media Culture amp Society 41 5 670 688 doi 10 1177 0163443718818363 ISSN 0163 4437 S2CID 150186565 Morozov Ilya Huang Yufeng 6 October 2023 The Promotional Effects of Live Streams by Twitch Influencers SSRN Working Papers a b van der Molen Kas 2022 08 18 Valorant and the Platformization of Free To Play Games Library Search Press Start 8 2 a b c d Drenth A R van 2018 eSports from the Virtual Stands Utrecht University Repository hdl 1874 368808 Retrieved 2021 04 09 James Ford 4 February 2020 Top esports games 2020 Which titles are the biggest in competitive gaming gamesradar Retrieved 2021 04 06 Johnson Mark R Woodcock Jamie July 2019 The impacts of live streaming and Twitch tv on the video game industry PDF Media Culture amp Society 41 5 670 688 doi 10 1177 0163443718818363 ISSN 0163 4437 S2CID 150186565 Evo An oral history of Super Smash Bros Melee ESPN com 2017 07 12 Retrieved 2020 05 07 a b c d Jackson Nathan J 2020 Understanding Memetic Media and Collective Identity Through Streamer Persona on Twitch tv Persona Studies 6 2 69 87 doi 10 21153 psj2020vol6no2art966 S2CID 233700032 Favis Elise Livestreams are the new telethons and they re raising millions for charities Washington Post ISSN 0190 8286 Retrieved 2021 04 06 a b c Alexandria Ocasio Cortez Among Us game watched by 400 000 BBC News 2020 10 21 Retrieved 2021 04 09 Smith Thomas Obrist Marianna Wright Peter 2013 06 24 Live streaming changes the Video game Proceedings of the 11th European Conference on Interactive TV and Video EuroITV 13 New York NY USA Association for Computing Machinery pp 131 138 doi 10 1145 2465958 2465971 ISBN 978 1 4503 1951 5 S2CID 16003393 Leslie Callum 2014 12 31 Hearthstone players won more than 1 million in the game s first year The Daily Dot Archived from the original on 9 May 2016 Bailey Dustin October 19 2017 Gaming videos are bigger than HBO Netflix and Hulu combined PCGamesN Retrieved October 19 2017 Johnson Mark R August 2019 View of The imperative to be seen The moral economy of celebrity video game streaming on Twitch tv First Monday First Monday doi 10 5210 fm v24i8 8279 S2CID 199571895 Retrieved 2021 04 09 Zhang Xiaoxing Xiang Yu Hao Lei 2019 07 03 Virtual gifting on China s live streaming platforms hijacking the online gift economy Chinese Journal of Communication 12 3 340 355 doi 10 1080 17544750 2019 1583260 ISSN 1754 4750 S2CID 151095283 Newsfile Corp Fortnite World Cup Dominated by UMG Series Competitors 16 year old Kyle BUGHA Geirsdorf wins UMG s Friday Fortnite and the Fortnite World Cup Newstex Finance amp Accounting Blogs 29 July 2019 ProQuest 2265730428 self published source a b c d Johnson Mark R Woodcock Jamie 2019 02 23 It s like the gold rush the lives and careers of professional video game streamers on Twitch tv PDF Information Communication amp Society 22 3 336 351 doi 10 1080 1369118X 2017 1386229 ISSN 1369 118X S2CID 149025429 D Anastasio Cecilia May 2 2017 When Fans Take Their Love For Twitch Streamers Too Far Kotaku Retrieved August 27 2017 Hern Alex 2015 02 05 Gamer raided by Swat team in front of thousands of viewers The Guardian ISSN 0261 3077 Retrieved 2020 11 19 Manna Nicole 2017 12 29 Call of Duty gaming community points to swatting in deadly Wichita police shooting The Wichita Eagle Retrieved 2017 12 29 Darrah Nicole 2017 12 29 Kansas police investigate whether fatal shooting was result of prank called swatting Fox News Retrieved 2017 12 29 Sommerfeldt Chris 2017 12 29 Kansas man shot to death by police was reportedly unintended victim of Call of Duty swatting prank New York Daily News Retrieved 2017 12 29 Sommerfeldt Chris 29 December 2017 Kan man killed by cops was victim of swatting prank NY Daily News Kansas Man Killed In SWATting Attack Krebs on Security krebsonsecurity com Retrieved 2017 12 29 Fagone Jason 24 November 2015 The Serial Swatter The New York Times Magazine Livingston Christopher 9 August 2017 Streamers vs stream snipers why cheaters will always prosper on Twitch PC Gamer Retrieved 21 December 2018 Grayson Nathan 21 September 2015 Rust s Anti Stream Sniping Mode Exists Because of Cheaters Kotaku Retrieved 21 December 2018 Grayson Nathan 1 June 2018 Fortnite Players Blame Stream Snipers For Update That Hides Streamers Names Kotaku Retrieved 21 December 2018 Asarch Steven 11 November 2018 Streamer Ninja is in hot water for calling player IcyFive a stream sniper Newsweek Retrieved 21 December 2018 Grayson Nathan 7 September 2017 Battlegrounds Streamer s Audience Loves His Loud Obnoxious Stream Snipers Kotaku Retrieved 2019 01 06 a b c d Andronico Michael 2021 01 22 How to get started on Twitch according to the experts CNN Retrieved 2021 04 06 Best Gaming Laptops 2019 Reviews by What Laptops What Laptops Reviews 2018 11 30 Retrieved 2018 12 16 Holt Kris With Mixer Dead In The Water Twitch s Next Big Threat Could Be Tencent Forbes Retrieved 2020 06 29 a b c Agar Ian 2019 11 19 3 Chinese Live Streaming Stocks to Watch The Motley Fool Retrieved 2020 06 30 Haak Alex 2 April 2020 Tencent s Option To Become Huya s Controlling Shareholder Seeking Alpha Retrieved 25 April 2020 jen China Games Streaming Tracker Niko Retrieved 2020 07 10 Mandavia Megha Facebook eyes a big spot in Indian game streaming space The Economic Times Retrieved 2022 07 13 Sportstar Team 2022 04 06 Loco Shaking up the gaming status quo sportstar thehindu com Retrieved 2022 07 13 Loco raises 42 million in Series A funding round led by Hashed Financialexpress 11 March 2022 Retrieved 2022 07 13 Warren Tom 2020 06 22 Microsoft is shutting down Mixer and partnering with Facebook Gaming The Verge Retrieved 2020 06 29 GeraldKerr Wilson Fasken 16 March 2021 Video Game Streamers Free promotion copyright infringement or both Lexology www lexology com Retrieved 2021 04 09 Gera Emily 2013 05 16 Nintendo claims ad revenue on user generated YouTube videos Polygon Retrieved 2013 05 16 Tolito Stephan 2013 06 24 Nintendo s Turn For a 180 Let s Play Drama Might Have Happy Ending Kotaku Retrieved 2014 04 25 Williams Katie 2014 05 27 Nintendo Announces Affiliate Program for YouTube Let s Play Creators IGN Retrieved 2014 05 27 Alexander Julia September 29 2017 Nintendo restricts livestreaming games for YouTubers in Nintendo s partners program Polygon Retrieved September 29 2017 Bankhurst Adam November 28 2018 Nintendo to End Its Creators Program in December IGN Retrieved November 30 2018 Marshall Cass November 28 2018 The Nintendo Creators Program draws to a close this December Polygon Retrieved November 30 2018 Popular Twitch Streamers Temporarily Banned For Playing Copyrighted Music Kotaku 23 June 2018 Retrieved 2021 04 09 Goslin Austen 2018 06 22 Popular Twitch streamers temporarily banned thanks to DMCA takedowns Polygon Retrieved 2021 04 09 Twitch s DMCA Takedowns Threaten to Drive Musicians Away Wired ISSN 1059 1028 Retrieved 2021 04 09 Further reading editThis article s use of external links may not follow Wikipedia s policies or guidelines Please improve this article by removing excessive or inappropriate external links and converting useful links where appropriate into footnote references November 2021 Learn how and when to remove this template message Andronico Michael August 11 2017 The Ultimate Guide to Twitch Streaming Tom s Guide Retrieved August 11 2017 Bowman Ben January 16 2017 How Twitch is turning always be streaming into a career with zero balance Polygon Retrieved August 11 2017 Brant Tom March 2 2017 Here s What Twitch Thinks of Games Streamers and Viewers PC Magazine Retrieved August 11 2017 Campbell Colin May 12 2016 Racism Hearthstone and Twitch Polygon Retrieved August 12 2017 Campbell Colin November 24 2016 Twitch chat research shows how women streamers face objectification Polygon Retrieved August 12 2017 Corriea Alexa Ray July 4 2014 Someone is donating thousands of dollars to Twitch streamers Polygon Retrieved August 12 2017 D Anastasio Cecilia April 12 2017 It s Time For YouTubers And Twitch Streamers To Organize Kotaku Retrieved August 11 2017 D Anastasio Cecilia February 15 2017 For Twitch Streamers Who Spend Their Lives On Camera It s Hard To Know When To Stop Kotaku Retrieved August 11 2017 D Anastasio Cecilia June 22 2017 YouTuber Reminds Fans How Much Fake Donations Can Hurt Kotaku Retrieved August 11 2017 D Anastasio Cecilia July 28 2016 The Mom Who Moderates Her Daughter s Rowdy Twitch Chat Kotaku D Anastasio Cecilia November 23 2016 Study Shows Twitch Chat Is Very Different When Women Are Streaming Kotaku Frank Allegra August 3 2017 PUBG players won t stop honking at streamers Polygon Retrieved August 12 2017 Frank Allegra July 30 2017 Playerunknown s Battlegrounds stream sniping ban divides community Polygon Retrieved August 12 2017 Goslin Austen January 28 2020 The mass Twitch exodus Why streamers are leaving Polygon Retrieved March 24 2020 Grayson Nathan March 20 2015 Why People Are Arguing About Women Streamers Showing Skin Kotaku Hall Charlie March 24 2017 Why are streamers and players flocking to survival shooter Battlegrounds Polygon Retrieved August 12 2017 Hernandez Patricia February 6 2013 They re Attractive They re Women And They Play Games Live On The Internet But They re Not Camwhores Kotaku Retrieved August 12 2017 Hernandez Patricia March 11 2016 Twitch Player I m Done Being a Boobie Streamer Kotaku Hernandez Patricia September 26 2016 Banned From Twitch Bikini Streamer Finds Success And Haters On YouTube Kotaku Hernandez Patricia August 16 2019 The people who watch video games but never play them Polygon Retrieved August 18 2019 Khalid Amrita January 28 2020 YouTube is now the biggest threat to Twitch Quartz Retrieved March 24 2020 Kollar Philip December 8 2015 Popular Twitch streamer comes clean about drug use on stream Polygon Retrieved August 12 2017 Marino Joe February 24 2017 Trying To Make It As A Twitch Streamer Could Have Killed Me Kotaku Retrieved August 11 2017 Marks Tom January 29 2015 The beginner s guide to Twitch streaming PC Gamer Retrieved August 11 2017 Sarkar Samit May 15 2017 GTA Online s biggest role playing streamers make for must see Twitch viewing Polygon Retrieved August 12 2017 Savov Vlad August 10 2015 YouTube is now better at live streaming than Twitch The Verge Retrieved August 11 2017 Sawyer Michael March 29 2017 Three reasons streaming is replacing the Let s Play industry Polygon Retrieved August 11 2017 Seppala Timothy J April 21 2017 Twitch opens up a way for more people to make money broadcasting Engadget Retrieved August 11 2017 Tenbarge Kat October 12 2019 Gamers say they re earning more money on Facebook s streaming platform than on Twitch and YouTube Business Insider Retrieved March 24 2020 Start your own livestream on Twitch with our full guide GamesRadar December 1 2016 Retrieved August 11 2017 Portal nbsp Video games Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Video game livestreaming amp oldid 1204889407, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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