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Economy of Florida

March 08, 2023

The economy of the state of Florida is the fourth-largest in the United States, with a $1.4 trillion gross state product (GSP) as of 2022.[1] If Florida were a sovereign nation (2022), it would rank as the world's 16th-largest economy according to the International Monetary Fund, ahead of Indonesia and behind Mexico.[1][4][5] Agriculture, tourism, industry, construction, international banking, biomedical and life sciences, healthcare research, simulation training, aerospace and defense, and commercial space travel contribute to the state's economy.

Economy of Florida
Statistics
GDP$1.4 trillion (2022)[1]
GDP per capita
$63,081 (2022)[1][2]
Unemployment2.7% (Aug. 2022)[3]
Florida counties by GDP (2021)

Overview

 
The Brickell Financial District in Miami contains the largest concentration of international banks in the United States.[6][7]

Florida's economy ranks among the largest in the world. As of 2021, the gross state product (GSP) is about $1.2 trillion, the fourth largest economy in the United States.[1] Florida is responsible for 5.23% of the United States' approximately $21 trillion gross domestic product (GDP).[1] As of 2021, Florida's nominal GDP is larger than all but 15 countries; if it were a sovereign nation, it would be ranked ahead of Indonesia and behind Mexico.[1][4] In terms of Purchasing Power Parity, it is larger than all but 24 countries.[8] Agriculture, tourism, industry, construction, international banking, biomedical and life sciences, healthcare research, simulation training, aerospace and defense, and commercial space travel contribute to the state's economy.

The five largest sectors of employment in Florida are: trade, transportation, and utilities; government; professional and business services; education and health services; and leisure and hospitality.[9] In output, the five largest sectors are: finance, insurance, real estate, rental, and leasing, followed by professional and business services; government and government enterprises; educational services, health care, and social assistance; and retail trade.[10]

In 2017, Florida became the United States' eighth largest exporter of trade goods. Florida's top countries for export are Brazil, Canada, Mexico, Germany, and Colombia.[11] In 2017, Florida became the United States' tenth largest importer of trade goods. Florida imported US$75.4 billion worth of goods globally in 2017. The value of Florida's imports equals 3.2% of United States' overall imported products for 2017. Florida's top countries for imports are China, Mexico, Canada, Germany, and France.[12]

The Miami Metropolitan Area has the highest GDP of all the metro areas in Florida with $344.9 billion in 2017.[13] This is more than twice the number of the next metro area, the Tampa Bay Area, which has a GDP of $145.3 billion. The economy of Florida is driven almost entirely by its nineteen metropolitan areas. In 2004, they had a combined total of 95.7% of the state's domestic product.[14]

Per capita GDP in 2017 was $39,842, ranking 40th in the nation.[15] Per capita income varies widely by geographic region and profession. North Florida and the rural counties of the Florida Panhandle are the most impoverished in the state. Florida has a poverty rate of 14.0%, the seventeenth lowest of any state in the country. Many coastal cities include some of the wealthiest per-capita areas in the United States.

In 2018, there were more than 427,824 millionaires in the state, the fourth-highest number in the nation.[16]

For 2018–19, the approved state budget is $88.7 billion, a 4.4% increase over the previous 2017–18 budget of $84.9 billion. Chief Executive Magazine named Florida the third "Best State for Business" in 2011.[17]

In 2022, as job numbers continue to surge, Florida's unemployment rate dipped to 2.7 percent in July which hit historic low.[18]

Personal income

 
  Florida unemployment rate, 1976–2021
  US unemployment rate
See also: List of Florida locations by per capita income

In 2017, Florida's per capita personal income was $47,684, ranking 26th in the nation.[19] The state's unemployment rate in September 2018 was 3.5% and ranked as the 18th lowest in the United States.[20] Florida is one of seven states that does not impose a personal income tax.[21]

In 2017, Florida had a personal income of $1,000,624,065,000. This personal income ranked 4th in the United States.[19]

Florida's constitution establishes a state minimum wage, which is adjusted annually for inflation. As of September 30, 2021, Florida's minimum wage was $6.98 for tipped positions, and $10.00 for non-tipped positions, which was higher than the federal rate of $7.25. The wage will increase by $1 per hour yearly, until 2026 when the minimum wage for non-tipped positions will reach $15 per hour.[22]

Florida has two cities in the top 25 cities in the U.S. with the highest average credit card debt, Miami and Tampa.[23]

The poverty rate in Florida in 2018 was 14%, down from a peak of 17.1% in 2012.[24]

Sectors

Agriculture

Agriculture is the second largest industry in the state.[25] Florida was ranked in 2019, "first in the value of production for fresh market bell peppers and tomatoes, as well as grapefruit, oranges, sugarcane, and watermelons" in the United States according to Florida Agriculture by the Numbers.[26] In 2002 peppers and tomatoes were #1 and #2 in dollar value for the state and citrus fruit, especially oranges, were also a major part of the economy.[27] By 2019 tomatoes were #1, oranges #2, and peppers were #3.[28] Of exports, meat is Florida's biggest earner.[28] Florida produces the majority of citrus fruit grown in the United States.

Strawberry

Strawberry is another major crop here.[29][30] Florida is second only to California for strawberry production by volume and by dollars per year[29][30] and the Plant City area grows 3⁄4 of America's winter strawberries.[29] The Florida Strawberry Growers Association represents growers here.[31] Strawberry gray mold is economically important.[32] This is the Botrytis Fruit Rot of strawberries caused by Botrytis cinerea.[32] (See § Botrytis cinerea.)[32] Growers here ship strawberries December to April.[31] The state's Strawberry Festival is held in March every year in Plant City.[33][29] Anthracnose is a common disease of this crop, see § Strawberry anthracnose.[34] The University of Florida operates[35] one of the most important strawberry demonstration breeding programs in North America.[36] RosBREED 2 was developed partly from the experience of this program[37] with the need to combine desirable strawberry qualities with resistance, an integral part of the RosBREED program for Rosaceae in America.[36] They adapted[38] Axiom's 90k SNP array to a more economical 35k for genomic selection in the program.[36] Molecular breeding has improved greatly in the few years up to 2020 and the rapid generation cycle of strawberry also helps to speed up breeding.[36] This program bred Phytophthora cactorum root rot resistance into their new cv. 'Florida Beauty',[39][36] and for an even better example, they were able to pyramid together three disease resistance traits, to various Xanthomonas, Phytophthora, and Colletotrichum, into another cultivar.[36] Marker-assisted parental selection (MAPS) and marker-assisted seedling selection (MASS) are now targeting Ca1 for fruit and crown rot, Cg1 for crown rot, Pc2 for root and crown rot, and Xf1 for bacterial angular leaf spot.[36] Molecular breeding is usually suitable for monogenic traits, while polygenics are handled by genome-wide analysis.[36] Genomics proved better than pedigree records for predicting actually results.[36] These results lead the program to combine both genomic and locus-specific testing for their routine breeding.[36] Leaf Spot of Strawberry (Mycosphaerella fragariae/Ramularia tulasnei, Ramularia or Ramularia Leaf Spot) is common here.[40]

cv. 'Camino Real' is unusually vulnerable to Botrytis Fruit Rot in the conditions around the University of Florida's Gulf Coast Research and Education Center in Dover.[41] Chandler et al., 2006 finds 'CR' is the worst among several common varieties, although 'Sweet Charlie' can be close.[41] It is possible that the Botrytis problem in 'CR' could be remedied with different fungicide timing.[41] (See also § Botrytis Fruit Rot.)

cv. ' Sweet Charlie ' was developed at U Fla.[42] Chandler et al., 2006 finds 'SC' is consistently somewhat susceptible to Botrytis Fruit Rot,[41] see also § Botrytis Fruit Rot.

The varieties 'Florida Radiance', 'Strawberry Festival' (not to be confused with the Florida Strawberry Festival), and 'Florida Beauty' are among the most commonly grown here.[43] 'FR' is higher yielding in real producer conditions in the state than 'SF'.[43]

Although disease resistance is an economically important trait in this crop, there is insufficient study of growers' Willingness to pay.[37] What little information is available suggests that it is low.[37] Unsurprisingly there is even less interest in resistance on the consumer side, due to lack of understanding.[37]

Peach

Peaches have probably been grown here since the 1500s, brought by the Spanish.[44] By the late 1700s an export trade had developed with the mid-Atlantic states, with Baltimore the first hub to distribute Florida peaches into the surrounding region.[44] Similar to the strawberry tool above, a cut-down SNP array for genomic selection has been adapted[38] by University of Florida for peach.[36]

Peach is a growing crop due to citrus greening.[45][46] Florida produces far less than the leading state, California, but has the advantage of an earlier season than any other in the country.[47] The harvest season runs from late March to late May or early June depending on the year's weather.[47] Due to increasing pest and disease pressure with increasing rainfall here, yield declines rapidly in the summer and profitable harvest ends for the year.[47] This – combined with competitor states coming into season – means that late-bearing cultivars are commercially inviable here.[47]

Citrus

Although citrus cultivation also began here in the 1500s, commercial scale production was only attempted in the 1920s.[44] At first this went badly due to severe pest and disease epidemics, which were themselves due to poor understanding of the local climate and terrain.[44] As of 2019 oranges make up 93% of Florida's citrus production, followed by 6% for grapefruit, and 1% for tangerines and tangelos.[48] For 2018, 10.9% of all cash receipts were citruses.[49] In 2006, 67% of all citrus, 74% of oranges, 58% of tangerines, and 54% of grapefruit were grown in Florida. About 95% of commercial orange production in the state is destined for processing (mostly as orange juice, the official state beverage). The top 5 citrus-producing counties, according to data in 2019, was "DeSoto (12.8 million boxes), Polk (12.5 million boxes), Highlands (10.8 million boxes), Hendry (10.5 million boxes) and Hardee (8.16 million boxes)", according to Florida Agriculture by the Numbers. Together they contribute 71% of Florida's total citrus production. The Central produced the most citrus, followed by the Western area and the Southern areas.[48] International citrus fresh fruit exports totaled to "2.05 million 4/5 bushel cartons", and Japan received the majority of the grapefruit exports. Canada received most of Florida's orange and tangerine exports. Florida Agriculture by the Numbers reports "4.70 million gallons of Frozen Concentrated Orange Juice (FCOJ), and 0.38 million gallons of Frozen Concentrated Grapefruit Juice (FCGJ) was exported in the 2018–2019 season".[48]

Other crops

The largest farm category by sales in Florida is the $2.3 billion ornamental industry, which includes nursery, greenhouse, flowers, and sod products.[50]

Other products include sugarcane, tomatoes and celery. The state is the largest producer of sweet corn and green beans for the U.S.[51]

The Everglades Agricultural Area is a major center for agriculture. The environmental impact of agriculture, especially water pollution, is a major issue in Florida today.[52]

The state has a near monopoly on saw palmetto berries, an alternative medicine used to treat prostate and urinary disorders.[53]

The state is #1 in fresh-market tomatoes.[54][55] Harvest is almost year-round, from October to June.[54] The highest temperatures of the summer from July to September end profitable yield and even the heat of June and October limit productivity, such that April to May and November to January are the largest harvests of the year.[54] Federal Crop Insurance for fresh tomatoes specifically excludes insects and diseases.[56] See also § Tomato Bacterial Spot, § Tomato Bacterial Speck, and § Treatments in fresh-market tomato.

Much of the okra in the country is grown here, especially around Dade.[57][58] Okra is grown throughout the state to some degree however and so okra is available ten months of the year here.[57] Yields range from less than 18,000 pounds per acre (20,000 kg/ha) to over 30,000 pounds per acre (34,000 kg/ha).[57] Wholesale prices can go as high as $18/bushel which is $0.60 per pound ($1.3/kg).[57] The Regional IPM Centers provide integrated pest management plans specifically for the southern part of the state.[57]

Pests and diseases

Gray Mold

Gray Mold is caused by Botrytis cinerea. Botrytis Fruit Rot due to this fungus is one of the most important strawberry diseases – and post-harvest diseases – here, as it is everywhere.[32] (See also § Strawberry.) Occasionally yield losses can be over 50% in the state.[32] Conditions favorable to the disease occur here from November to March, and its most severe destruction is in February and March.[32] When making fungicide decisions about timing and ingredients, the UFl Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences recommends the Strawberry Advisory System[59] for a decision support system.[32] Prophylactic fungicide dips don't work for this pathogen and so many in-season sprays are the only option.[32] UFL IFAS recommends thiram, captan, captan + fexhexamid, penthiopyrad, isofetamid, fluxapyroxad + pyraclostrobin, fluopyram + pyrimethanil, pydiflumetofen + fludioxonil, and cyprodinil + fludioxonil.[32] There is a massive problem with multiple fungicide resistance in this disease here, with most B. c. isolates showing two to six resistances[32] and three being most common, with only fludioxonil providing any protection in many populations.[60] Multiresistant B. c. caused a disastrous crop loss event across the state in 2012.[60] Resistance management is thus extremely important and monotonous fungicide use is not an option.[32] Resistance management is mostly incorporated into the Strawberry Advisory System already.[32] Methyl bromide was an important part of production and its ban has greatly increased costs, both for soil fumigation with alternatives, and because further applications must be made during the season and post-harvest to make up for inadequate efficacy of these alternatives.[30]

Other pests and diseases

Citrus canker (Xanthomonas axonopodis) continues to be an issue of concern.[44] From 1997 to 2013, the growing of citrus trees has declined 25%, from 600,000 to 450,000 acres (240,000 to 180,000 ha). Citrus greening disease is incurable. A study states that it has caused the loss of $4.5 billion between 2006 and 2012. As of 2014, it was the major agricultural concern.[61] Results of the annual Commercial Citrus Inventory showed that citrus acreage in 2019 was down 4% than 2018 and was the lowest in a series that began in 1966. There was a net loss of 16,411 acres during the 2018–2019 season and was twice what was lost in the previous season. Of a survey conducted of 25 published counties, 24 of them, or 96% recorded decrease in acreage. Only Sarasota County showed an increase in acreage during the 2018–2019 season.[48] Other major citrus concerns include citrus root weevil Diaprepes abbreviatus, the citrus leafminer Phyllocnistis citrella, and the Asian citrus psyllid Diaphorina citri.[44]: 377 

Tomato, bell pepper, and strawberry were the largest users of methyl bromide and so the phase out has required hard choices for alternative soil fumigants.[27] A methyl iodide/chloropicrin mix has served well, producing equal performance to MB in pepper.[27]

The Spotted Wing Drosophila (Drosophila suzukii) is a threat to blueberry, peach, cherry, strawberry, raspberry, and blackberry here.[44] D. suzukii was introduced to much of North America from its initial introduction to California, including to this state.[44]

Strawberry anthracnose is commonly caused by Colletotrichum acutatum here.[34] Adaskaveg & Hartin 1997 identify the most common strains on strawberry here.[34]

The Fall Armyworm (Spodoptera frugiperda) is a major pest here.[62] South Florida is one of only two overwintering areas for FAW in North America (the other being South Texas).[62] Thus the entire state – and the south especially – is hard hit every year.[62] Bt crops have been successful against FAW but some Bt resistance is appearing here which is a tremendous threat to productivity.[62] Huang et al., 2014 find a high degree of Cry1F resistance (Cry1F-r) in the south of the state, probably the result of resistant FAW migration from Puerto Rico.[62] This Cry1F-resistant population has low cross-resistance with Cry1A.105 but none with Cry2Ab2 or Vip3A.[62] Overall, several studies find Cry1F-r is common here.[63] Banerjee et al., 2017 does not find the Cry1F-r allele SfABCC2mut in Florida in 2012, 2014, or 2016.[63] Because this allele is very common in Puerto Rico, they fail to support any substantial immigration of FAW from PR to Florida, contrary to earlier studies including Huang above.[63]

The Medfly (Ceratitis capitata) was introduced here and to California and Texas.[64]: 79 [65] Due to its wide host range it was immediately an important priority for the states and for USDA APHIS.[64]: 79 [65] Using sterile insect technique it was successfully eradicated from North America entirely.[64]: 79 [65]

Tomato Bacterial Spot is caused by Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. vesicatoria. Tomato Bacterial Speck is produced by Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato. Both are economically significant in fresh-market tomato here.[66] See also § Fresh-market tomato and § Treatments in fresh-market tomato.

The Silverleaf Whitefly (SLW, Bemisia tabaci strain B) was first noticed here in 1986.[67] Previously only the A strain had been known here, and was only occasionally a crop pest.[67] Suddenly in 1986 SLW was a major crop pest and major vector of crop diseases.[67] Since then Strain A has disappeared from the United States entirely and Strain B has continued to be a widespread problem here.[67]

The Saltmarsh Caterpillar (Estigmene acrea) is a common pest of fruit and vegetable cultivation here.[68]

After arrival in the 1930s in Alabama, the Red Imported Fire Ant (RIFA, Solenopsis invicta) quickly spread here.[69] It is a significant agricultural drag due to its soil disruption, its mound building interfering with field machines, feeding on the plants themselves, and attacks on livestock.[69]

Treatments

Treatments in fresh-market tomato

Acibenzolar-S-methyl (ASM) is a plant activator producing systemic acquired resistance (SAR).[66] In a very widely regarded experiment Louws et al., 2001 used ASM to protect fresh tomato cultivation here against Tomato Bacterial Spot and Tomato Bacterial Speck.[66] Over four years they treated with ASM as an alternative to copper bactericide and achieved almost total control with no yield loss.[66] (Some fungicides were required to complement the bacterial control of ASM.)[66] This result is spoken of worldwide when discussing basic plant biology, SAR, induced systemic resistance, the biology of Xanthomonads, and the need for alternative pesticides due to resistance, including phage therapy in agriculture. See also § Tomato Bacterial Spot, § Tomato Bacterial Speck, and § Fresh-market tomato.

Fishing

In 2009, fishing was a $6 billion industry, employing 60,000 jobs for sports and commercial purposes. Florida aquaculture producers reported sales in 2018 of $72 million, according to a survey administered by the Florida Agricultural Statistics Service.[70]

Government and military

 
One of the Cape Canaveral launch sites during the launch of SpaceX CRS-13 in 2017

Since the development of the federal NASA Merritt Island launch sites on Cape Canaveral (most notably Kennedy Space Center) in 1962, Florida has developed a sizable aerospace industry.

Another major economic engine in Florida is the United States military. There are 24 military bases in the state, housing three Unified Combatant Commands; United States Central Command in Tampa, United States Southern Command in Doral, and United States Special Operations Command in Tampa. Some 109,390 U.S. military personnel stationed in Florida,[71] contributing, directly and indirectly, $52 billion a year to the state's economy.

In 2009, there were 89,706 federal workers employed within the state.[72] Tens of thousands more employees work for contractors who have federal contracts, including those with the military.

In 2012, government of all levels was a top employer in all counties in the state, because this classification includes public school teachers and other school staff. School boards employ nearly one of every thirty workers in the state. The federal military was the top employer in three counties.[73]

Mass media

See also: List of newspapers in Florida, List of radio stations in Florida, and List of television stations in Florida

Broadband Internet in Florida is deployed by both government agencies and private companies. Examples of government agencies include the North Florida Broadband Authority.

Mining

Phosphate mining, concentrated in the Bone Valley, is the state's third-largest industry. The state produces about 75% of the phosphate required by farmers in the United States and 25% of the world supply, with about 95% used for agriculture (90% for fertilizer and 5% for livestock feed supplements) and 5% used for other products.

After the watershed events of Hurricane Andrew in 1992, Florida began investing in economic development through the Office of Trade, Tourism, and Economic Development. Governor Jeb Bush realized that watershed events such as Andrew negatively impacted Florida's backbone industry of tourism severely. The office was directed to target Medical/Bio-Sciences among others. Three years later, The Scripps Research Institute (TSRI) announced it had chosen Florida for its newest expansion. In 2003, TSRI announced plans to establish a major science center in Palm Beach, a 364,000 square feet (33,800 m2) facility on 100 acres (40 ha), which TSRI planned to occupy in 2006.[74]

Real estate

In the early 20th century, land speculators discovered Florida, and businessmen such as Henry Plant and Henry Flagler developed railroad systems, which led people to move in, drawn by the weather and local economies. From then on, tourism boomed, fueling a cycle of development that overwhelmed a great deal of farmland.[75]

At the end of the third quarter of 2008, Florida had the highest mortgage delinquency rate in the US, with 7.8% of mortgages delinquent at least 60 days.[76] A 2009 list of national housing markets that were hard hit in the real estate crash included a disproportionate number in Florida. The early 21st-century building boom left Florida with 300,000 vacant homes in 2009, according to state figures. In 2009, the US Census Bureau estimated that Floridians spent an average 49.1% of personal income on housing-related costs, the third-highest percentage in the US.

In the third quarter of 2009, there were 278,189 delinquent loans, 80,327 foreclosures. Sales of existing homes in February 2010 was 11,890, up 21% from the same month in 2009. Only two metropolitan areas showed a decrease in homes sold: Panama City and Brevard County. The average sales price for an existing house was $131,000, 7% decrease from the prior year.[77][dubious – discuss]

Seaports and boating

 
PortMiami is the largest passenger port in the world. It is known as the "Cruise Capital of the World."[78]

Florida has many seaports that serve container ships, tank ships, and cruise lines. Major ports in Florida include Port Tampa Bay in Tampa, Port Everglades in Fort Lauderdale, Port of Jacksonville in Jacksonville, PortMiami in Miami, Port Canaveral in Brevard County, Port Manatee in Manatee County, and Port of Palm Beach in Riviera Beach. The world's top three busiest cruise ports are found in Florida with PortMiami as the busiest and Port Canaveral and Port Everglades as the second and third busiest.[79] Port Tampa Bay meanwhile is the largest in the state, having the most tonnage. As of 2013, Port Tampa Bay ranks 16th in the United States by tonnage in domestic trade, 32nd in foreign trade, and 22nd in total trade. It is the largest, most diversified port in Florida, has an economic impact of more than $15.1 billion, and supports more than 80,000 jobs.[80][81]

Florida is the leading state for sales of powerboats. Boats sales totaled $1.96 billion in 2013.[82]

Tourism

See also: List of amusement parks in Central Florida, List of shopping malls in the Miami metropolitan area, and List of casinos in Florida
 
PortMiami is the world's largest cruise ship port.
 
Visitors at the beach in Naples, Florida

If you can't find something to do in Florida, you're just boring ...

— Guy Fieri, celebrity chef, 2017[83]

Tourism makes up one of the largest sectors of the state economy, with nearly 1.4 million people employed in the tourism industry in 2016 (a record for the state, surpassing the 1.2 million employment from 2015).[84][85]

In 2015, Florida broke the 100-million visitor mark for the first time in state history by hosting a record 105 million visitors.[85][86] The state has set tourism records for eight consecutive years, most recently breaking the 120-million visitor mark for the first time in 2018 with 126.1 million visitors reported.[87]

Many beach towns are popular tourist destinations, particularly during winter and spring break. Twenty-three million tourists visited Florida beaches in 2000, spending $22 billion. The public has a right to beach access under the public trust doctrine, but some areas have access effectively blocked by private owners for a long distance.[88]

Data released shows 30.9 million visitors coming to the state from October to December of 2021, up nearly 60% from the same period in 2020 and topping pre-pandemic levels from the same quarter pre-pandemic.[89]

Amusement parks, especially in the Greater Orlando area, make up a significant portion of tourism. The Walt Disney World Resort is the most visited vacation resort in the world with more than 58 million visitors annually,[90] consisting of four theme parks, 27 themed resort hotels, nine non-Disney hotels, two water parks, four golf courses and other recreational venues.[91] Other major theme parks in the area include Universal Orlando Resort, SeaWorld Orlando and Busch Gardens Tampa.[92]

Florida's many state parks and protected areas receive a lot of visitors as well with 25.2 million visitors visiting Florida State Parks in 2013.[93]

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March 08, 2023
economy, florida, economy, state, florida, fourth, largest, united, states, with, trillion, gross, state, product, 2022, florida, were, sovereign, nation, 2022, would, rank, world, 16th, largest, economy, according, international, monetary, fund, ahead, indone. The economy of the state of Florida is the fourth largest in the United States with a 1 4 trillion gross state product GSP as of 2022 1 If Florida were a sovereign nation 2022 it would rank as the world s 16th largest economy according to the International Monetary Fund ahead of Indonesia and behind Mexico 1 4 5 Agriculture tourism industry construction international banking biomedical and life sciences healthcare research simulation training aerospace and defense and commercial space travel contribute to the state s economy Economy of FloridaStatisticsGDP 1 4 trillion 2022 1 GDP per capita 63 081 2022 1 2 Unemployment2 7 Aug 2022 3 Florida counties by GDP 2021 Contents 1 Overview 2 Personal income 3 Sectors 3 1 Agriculture 3 1 1 Strawberry 3 1 2 Peach 3 1 3 Citrus 3 1 4 Other crops 3 1 5 Pests and diseases 3 1 5 1 Gray Mold 3 1 5 2 Other pests and diseases 3 1 6 Treatments 3 1 6 1 Treatments in fresh market tomato 3 2 Fishing 3 3 Government and military 3 4 Mass media 3 5 Mining 3 6 Real estate 3 7 Seaports and boating 3 8 Tourism 4 ReferencesOverview Edit The Brickell Financial District in Miami contains the largest concentration of international banks in the United States 6 7 Florida s economy ranks among the largest in the world As of 2021 the gross state product GSP is about 1 2 trillion the fourth largest economy in the United States 1 Florida is responsible for 5 23 of the United States approximately 21 trillion gross domestic product GDP 1 As of 2021 update Florida s nominal GDP is larger than all but 15 countries if it were a sovereign nation it would be ranked ahead of Indonesia and behind Mexico 1 4 In terms of Purchasing Power Parity it is larger than all but 24 countries 8 Agriculture tourism industry construction international banking biomedical and life sciences healthcare research simulation training aerospace and defense and commercial space travel contribute to the state s economy The five largest sectors of employment in Florida are trade transportation and utilities government professional and business services education and health services and leisure and hospitality 9 In output the five largest sectors are finance insurance real estate rental and leasing followed by professional and business services government and government enterprises educational services health care and social assistance and retail trade 10 In 2017 Florida became the United States eighth largest exporter of trade goods Florida s top countries for export are Brazil Canada Mexico Germany and Colombia 11 In 2017 Florida became the United States tenth largest importer of trade goods Florida imported US 75 4 billion worth of goods globally in 2017 The value of Florida s imports equals 3 2 of United States overall imported products for 2017 Florida s top countries for imports are China Mexico Canada Germany and France 12 The Miami Metropolitan Area has the highest GDP of all the metro areas in Florida with 344 9 billion in 2017 13 This is more than twice the number of the next metro area the Tampa Bay Area which has a GDP of 145 3 billion The economy of Florida is driven almost entirely by its nineteen metropolitan areas In 2004 they had a combined total of 95 7 of the state s domestic product 14 Per capita GDP in 2017 was 39 842 ranking 40th in the nation 15 Per capita income varies widely by geographic region and profession North Florida and the rural counties of the Florida Panhandle are the most impoverished in the state Florida has a poverty rate of 14 0 the seventeenth lowest of any state in the country Many coastal cities include some of the wealthiest per capita areas in the United States In 2018 there were more than 427 824 millionaires in the state the fourth highest number in the nation 16 For 2018 19 the approved state budget is 88 7 billion a 4 4 increase over the previous 2017 18 budget of 84 9 billion Chief Executive Magazine named Florida the third Best State for Business in 2011 17 In 2022 as job numbers continue to surge Florida s unemployment rate dipped to 2 7 percent in July which hit historic low 18 Personal income Edit Florida unemployment rate 1976 2021 US unemployment rate See also List of Florida locations by per capita income In 2017 Florida s per capita personal income was 47 684 ranking 26th in the nation 19 The state s unemployment rate in September 2018 was 3 5 and ranked as the 18th lowest in the United States 20 Florida is one of seven states that does not impose a personal income tax 21 In 2017 Florida had a personal income of 1 000 624 065 000 This personal income ranked 4th in the United States 19 Florida s constitution establishes a state minimum wage which is adjusted annually for inflation As of September 30 2021 update Florida s minimum wage was 6 98 for tipped positions and 10 00 for non tipped positions which was higher than the federal rate of 7 25 The wage will increase by 1 per hour yearly until 2026 when the minimum wage for non tipped positions will reach 15 per hour 22 Florida has two cities in the top 25 cities in the U S with the highest average credit card debt Miami and Tampa 23 The poverty rate in Florida in 2018 was 14 down from a peak of 17 1 in 2012 24 Sectors EditAgriculture Edit Agriculture is the second largest industry in the state 25 Florida was ranked in 2019 first in the value of production for fresh market bell peppers and tomatoes as well as grapefruit oranges sugarcane and watermelons in the United States according to Florida Agriculture by the Numbers 26 In 2002 peppers and tomatoes were 1 and 2 in dollar value for the state and citrus fruit especially oranges were also a major part of the economy 27 By 2019 tomatoes were 1 oranges 2 and peppers were 3 28 Of exports meat is Florida s biggest earner 28 Florida produces the majority of citrus fruit grown in the United States Strawberry Edit Strawberry is another major crop here 29 30 Florida is second only to California for strawberry production by volume and by dollars per year 29 30 and the Plant City area grows 3 4 of America s winter strawberries 29 The Florida Strawberry Growers Association represents growers here 31 Strawberry gray mold is economically important 32 This is the Botrytis Fruit Rot of strawberries caused by Botrytis cinerea 32 See Botrytis cinerea 32 Growers here ship strawberries December to April 31 The state s Strawberry Festival is held in March every year in Plant City 33 29 Anthracnose is a common disease of this crop see Strawberry anthracnose 34 The University of Florida operates 35 one of the most important strawberry demonstration breeding programs in North America 36 RosBREED 2 was developed partly from the experience of this program 37 with the need to combine desirable strawberry qualities with resistance an integral part of the RosBREED program for Rosaceae in America 36 They adapted 38 Axiom s 90k SNP array to a more economical 35k for genomic selection in the program 36 Molecular breeding has improved greatly in the few years up to 2020 update and the rapid generation cycle of strawberry also helps to speed up breeding 36 This program bred Phytophthora cactorum root rot resistance into their new cv Florida Beauty 39 36 and for an even better example they were able to pyramid together three disease resistance traits to various Xanthomonas Phytophthora and Colletotrichum into another cultivar 36 Marker assisted parental selection MAPS and marker assisted seedling selection MASS are now targeting Ca1 for fruit and crown rot Cg1 for crown rot Pc2 for root and crown rot and Xf1 for bacterial angular leaf spot 36 Molecular breeding is usually suitable for monogenic traits while polygenics are handled by genome wide analysis 36 Genomics proved better than pedigree records for predicting actually results 36 These results lead the program to combine both genomic and locus specific testing for their routine breeding 36 Leaf Spot of Strawberry Mycosphaerella fragariae Ramularia tulasnei Ramularia or Ramularia Leaf Spot is common here 40 cv Camino Real is unusually vulnerable to Botrytis Fruit Rot in the conditions around the University of Florida s Gulf Coast Research and Education Center in Dover 41 Chandler et al 2006 finds CR is the worst among several common varieties although Sweet Charlie can be close 41 It is possible that the Botrytis problem in CR could be remedied with different fungicide timing 41 See also Botrytis Fruit Rot cv Sweet Charlie was developed at U Fla 42 Chandler et al 2006 finds SC is consistently somewhat susceptible to Botrytis Fruit Rot 41 see also Botrytis Fruit Rot The varieties Florida Radiance Strawberry Festival not to be confused with the Florida Strawberry Festival and Florida Beauty are among the most commonly grown here 43 FR is higher yielding in real producer conditions in the state than SF 43 Although disease resistance is an economically important trait in this crop there is insufficient study of growers Willingness to pay 37 What little information is available suggests that it is low 37 Unsurprisingly there is even less interest in resistance on the consumer side due to lack of understanding 37 Peach Edit Peaches have probably been grown here since the 1500s brought by the Spanish 44 By the late 1700s an export trade had developed with the mid Atlantic states with Baltimore the first hub to distribute Florida peaches into the surrounding region 44 Similar to the strawberry tool above a cut down SNP array for genomic selection has been adapted 38 by University of Florida for peach 36 Peach is a growing crop due to citrus greening 45 46 Florida produces far less than the leading state California but has the advantage of an earlier season than any other in the country 47 The harvest season runs from late March to late May or early June depending on the year s weather 47 Due to increasing pest and disease pressure with increasing rainfall here yield declines rapidly in the summer and profitable harvest ends for the year 47 This combined with competitor states coming into season means that late bearing cultivars are commercially inviable here 47 Citrus Edit Although citrus cultivation also began here in the 1500s commercial scale production was only attempted in the 1920s 44 At first this went badly due to severe pest and disease epidemics which were themselves due to poor understanding of the local climate and terrain 44 As of 2019 update oranges make up 93 of Florida s citrus production followed by 6 for grapefruit and 1 for tangerines and tangelos 48 For 2018 10 9 of all cash receipts were citruses 49 In 2006 67 of all citrus 74 of oranges 58 of tangerines and 54 of grapefruit were grown in Florida About 95 of commercial orange production in the state is destined for processing mostly as orange juice the official state beverage The top 5 citrus producing counties according to data in 2019 was DeSoto 12 8 million boxes Polk 12 5 million boxes Highlands 10 8 million boxes Hendry 10 5 million boxes and Hardee 8 16 million boxes according to Florida Agriculture by the Numbers Together they contribute 71 of Florida s total citrus production The Central produced the most citrus followed by the Western area and the Southern areas 48 International citrus fresh fruit exports totaled to 2 05 million 4 5 bushel cartons and Japan received the majority of the grapefruit exports Canada received most of Florida s orange and tangerine exports Florida Agriculture by the Numbers reports 4 70 million gallons of Frozen Concentrated Orange Juice FCOJ and 0 38 million gallons of Frozen Concentrated Grapefruit Juice FCGJ was exported in the 2018 2019 season 48 Other crops Edit The largest farm category by sales in Florida is the 2 3 billion ornamental industry which includes nursery greenhouse flowers and sod products 50 Other products include sugarcane tomatoes and celery The state is the largest producer of sweet corn and green beans for the U S 51 The Everglades Agricultural Area is a major center for agriculture The environmental impact of agriculture especially water pollution is a major issue in Florida today 52 The state has a near monopoly on saw palmetto berries an alternative medicine used to treat prostate and urinary disorders 53 The state is 1 in fresh market tomatoes 54 55 Harvest is almost year round from October to June 54 The highest temperatures of the summer from July to September end profitable yield and even the heat of June and October limit productivity such that April to May and November to January are the largest harvests of the year 54 Federal Crop Insurance for fresh tomatoes specifically excludes insects and diseases 56 See also Tomato Bacterial Spot Tomato Bacterial Speck and Treatments in fresh market tomato Much of the okra in the country is grown here especially around Dade 57 58 Okra is grown throughout the state to some degree however and so okra is available ten months of the year here 57 Yields range from less than 18 000 pounds per acre 20 000 kg ha to over 30 000 pounds per acre 34 000 kg ha 57 Wholesale prices can go as high as 18 bushel which is 0 60 per pound 1 3 kg 57 The Regional IPM Centers provide integrated pest management plans specifically for the southern part of the state 57 Pests and diseases Edit Gray Mold Edit Gray Mold is caused by Botrytis cinerea Botrytis Fruit Rot due to this fungus is one of the most important strawberry diseases and post harvest diseases here as it is everywhere 32 See also Strawberry Occasionally yield losses can be over 50 in the state 32 Conditions favorable to the disease occur here from November to March and its most severe destruction is in February and March 32 When making fungicide decisions about timing and ingredients the UFl Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences recommends the Strawberry Advisory System 59 for a decision support system 32 Prophylactic fungicide dips don t work for this pathogen and so many in season sprays are the only option 32 UFL IFAS recommends thiram captan captan fexhexamid penthiopyrad isofetamid fluxapyroxad pyraclostrobin fluopyram pyrimethanil pydiflumetofen fludioxonil and cyprodinil fludioxonil 32 There is a massive problem with multiple fungicide resistance in this disease here with most B c isolates showing two to six resistances 32 and three being most common with only fludioxonil providing any protection in many populations 60 Multiresistant B c caused a disastrous crop loss event across the state in 2012 60 Resistance management is thus extremely important and monotonous fungicide use is not an option 32 Resistance management is mostly incorporated into the Strawberry Advisory System already 32 Methyl bromide was an important part of production and its ban has greatly increased costs both for soil fumigation with alternatives and because further applications must be made during the season and post harvest to make up for inadequate efficacy of these alternatives 30 Other pests and diseases Edit Citrus canker Xanthomonas axonopodis continues to be an issue of concern 44 From 1997 to 2013 the growing of citrus trees has declined 25 from 600 000 to 450 000 acres 240 000 to 180 000 ha Citrus greening disease is incurable A study states that it has caused the loss of 4 5 billion between 2006 and 2012 As of 2014 update it was the major agricultural concern 61 Results of the annual Commercial Citrus Inventory showed that citrus acreage in 2019 was down 4 than 2018 and was the lowest in a series that began in 1966 There was a net loss of 16 411 acres during the 2018 2019 season and was twice what was lost in the previous season Of a survey conducted of 25 published counties 24 of them or 96 recorded decrease in acreage Only Sarasota County showed an increase in acreage during the 2018 2019 season 48 Other major citrus concerns include citrus root weevil Diaprepes abbreviatus the citrus leafminer Phyllocnistis citrella and the Asian citrus psyllid Diaphorina citri 44 377 Tomato bell pepper and strawberry were the largest users of methyl bromide and so the phase out has required hard choices for alternative soil fumigants 27 A methyl iodide chloropicrin mix has served well producing equal performance to MB in pepper 27 The Spotted Wing Drosophila Drosophila suzukii is a threat to blueberry peach cherry strawberry raspberry and blackberry here 44 D suzukii was introduced to much of North America from its initial introduction to California including to this state 44 Strawberry anthracnose is commonly caused by Colletotrichum acutatum here 34 Adaskaveg amp Hartin 1997 identify the most common strains on strawberry here 34 The Fall Armyworm Spodoptera frugiperda is a major pest here 62 South Florida is one of only two overwintering areas for FAW in North America the other being South Texas 62 Thus the entire state and the south especially is hard hit every year 62 Bt crops have been successful against FAW but some Bt resistance is appearing here which is a tremendous threat to productivity 62 Huang et al 2014 find a high degree of Cry1F resistance Cry1F r in the south of the state probably the result of resistant FAW migration from Puerto Rico 62 This Cry1F resistant population has low cross resistance with Cry1A 105 but none with Cry2Ab2 or Vip3A 62 Overall several studies find Cry1F r is common here 63 Banerjee et al 2017 does not find the Cry1F r allele SfABCC2mut in Florida in 2012 2014 or 2016 63 Because this allele is very common in Puerto Rico they fail to support any substantial immigration of FAW from PR to Florida contrary to earlier studies including Huang above 63 The Medfly Ceratitis capitata was introduced here and to California and Texas 64 79 65 Due to its wide host range it was immediately an important priority for the states and for USDA APHIS 64 79 65 Using sterile insect technique it was successfully eradicated from North America entirely 64 79 65 Tomato Bacterial Spot is caused by Xanthomonas axonopodis pv vesicatoria Tomato Bacterial Speck is produced by Pseudomonas syringae pv tomato Both are economically significant in fresh market tomato here 66 See also Fresh market tomato and Treatments in fresh market tomato The Silverleaf Whitefly SLW Bemisia tabaci strain B was first noticed here in 1986 67 Previously only the A strain had been known here and was only occasionally a crop pest 67 Suddenly in 1986 SLW was a major crop pest and major vector of crop diseases 67 Since then Strain A has disappeared from the United States entirely and Strain B has continued to be a widespread problem here 67 The Saltmarsh Caterpillar Estigmene acrea is a common pest of fruit and vegetable cultivation here 68 After arrival in the 1930s in Alabama the Red Imported Fire Ant RIFA Solenopsis invicta quickly spread here 69 It is a significant agricultural drag due to its soil disruption its mound building interfering with field machines feeding on the plants themselves and attacks on livestock 69 Treatments Edit Treatments in fresh market tomato Edit Acibenzolar S methyl ASM is a plant activator producing systemic acquired resistance SAR 66 In a very widely regarded experiment Louws et al 2001 used ASM to protect fresh tomato cultivation here against Tomato Bacterial Spot and Tomato Bacterial Speck 66 Over four years they treated with ASM as an alternative to copper bactericide and achieved almost total control with no yield loss 66 Some fungicides were required to complement the bacterial control of ASM 66 This result is spoken of worldwide when discussing basic plant biology SAR induced systemic resistance the biology of Xanthomonads and the need for alternative pesticides due to resistance including phage therapy in agriculture See also Tomato Bacterial Spot Tomato Bacterial Speck and Fresh market tomato Fishing Edit In 2009 fishing was a 6 billion industry employing 60 000 jobs for sports and commercial purposes Florida aquaculture producers reported sales in 2018 of 72 million according to a survey administered by the Florida Agricultural Statistics Service 70 Government and military Edit One of the Cape Canaveral launch sites during the launch of SpaceX CRS 13 in 2017 Launch of Space Shuttle Columbia from the Kennedy Space Center Since the development of the federal NASA Merritt Island launch sites on Cape Canaveral most notably Kennedy Space Center in 1962 Florida has developed a sizable aerospace industry Another major economic engine in Florida is the United States military There are 24 military bases in the state housing three Unified Combatant Commands United States Central Command in Tampa United States Southern Command in Doral and United States Special Operations Command in Tampa Some 109 390 U S military personnel stationed in Florida 71 contributing directly and indirectly 52 billion a year to the state s economy In 2009 there were 89 706 federal workers employed within the state 72 Tens of thousands more employees work for contractors who have federal contracts including those with the military In 2012 government of all levels was a top employer in all counties in the state because this classification includes public school teachers and other school staff School boards employ nearly one of every thirty workers in the state The federal military was the top employer in three counties 73 Mass media Edit See also List of newspapers in Florida List of radio stations in Florida and List of television stations in Florida Broadband Internet in Florida is deployed by both government agencies and private companies Examples of government agencies include the North Florida Broadband Authority Mining Edit Phosphate mining concentrated in the Bone Valley is the state s third largest industry The state produces about 75 of the phosphate required by farmers in the United States and 25 of the world supply with about 95 used for agriculture 90 for fertilizer and 5 for livestock feed supplements and 5 used for other products After the watershed events of Hurricane Andrew in 1992 Florida began investing in economic development through the Office of Trade Tourism and Economic Development Governor Jeb Bush realized that watershed events such as Andrew negatively impacted Florida s backbone industry of tourism severely The office was directed to target Medical Bio Sciences among others Three years later The Scripps Research Institute TSRI announced it had chosen Florida for its newest expansion In 2003 TSRI announced plans to establish a major science center in Palm Beach a 364 000 square feet 33 800 m2 facility on 100 acres 40 ha which TSRI planned to occupy in 2006 74 Real estate Edit In the early 20th century land speculators discovered Florida and businessmen such as Henry Plant and Henry Flagler developed railroad systems which led people to move in drawn by the weather and local economies From then on tourism boomed fueling a cycle of development that overwhelmed a great deal of farmland 75 At the end of the third quarter of 2008 Florida had the highest mortgage delinquency rate in the US with 7 8 of mortgages delinquent at least 60 days 76 A 2009 list of national housing markets that were hard hit in the real estate crash included a disproportionate number in Florida The early 21st century building boom left Florida with 300 000 vacant homes in 2009 according to state figures In 2009 the US Census Bureau estimated that Floridians spent an average 49 1 of personal income on housing related costs the third highest percentage in the US In the third quarter of 2009 there were 278 189 delinquent loans 80 327 foreclosures Sales of existing homes in February 2010 was 11 890 up 21 from the same month in 2009 Only two metropolitan areas showed a decrease in homes sold Panama City and Brevard County The average sales price for an existing house was 131 000 7 decrease from the prior year 77 dubious discuss Seaports and boating Edit PortMiami is the largest passenger port in the world It is known as the Cruise Capital of the World 78 Florida has many seaports that serve container ships tank ships and cruise lines Major ports in Florida include Port Tampa Bay in Tampa Port Everglades in Fort Lauderdale Port of Jacksonville in Jacksonville PortMiami in Miami Port Canaveral in Brevard County Port Manatee in Manatee County and Port of Palm Beach in Riviera Beach The world s top three busiest cruise ports are found in Florida with PortMiami as the busiest and Port Canaveral and Port Everglades as the second and third busiest 79 Port Tampa Bay meanwhile is the largest in the state having the most tonnage As of 2013 update Port Tampa Bay ranks 16th in the United States by tonnage in domestic trade 32nd in foreign trade and 22nd in total trade It is the largest most diversified port in Florida has an economic impact of more than 15 1 billion and supports more than 80 000 jobs 80 81 Florida is the leading state for sales of powerboats Boats sales totaled 1 96 billion in 2013 82 Tourism Edit See also List of amusement parks in Central Florida List of shopping malls in the Miami metropolitan area and List of casinos in Florida Walt Disney World Resort in Bay Lake Florida near Orlando PortMiami is the world s largest cruise ship port Visitors at the beach in Naples Florida If you can t find something to do in Florida you re just boring Guy Fieri celebrity chef 2017 83 Tourism makes up one of the largest sectors of the state economy with nearly 1 4 million people employed in the tourism industry in 2016 a record for the state surpassing the 1 2 million employment from 2015 84 85 In 2015 Florida broke the 100 million visitor mark for the first time in state history by hosting a record 105 million visitors 85 86 The state has set tourism records for eight consecutive years most recently breaking the 120 million visitor mark for the first time in 2018 with 126 1 million visitors reported 87 Many beach towns are popular tourist destinations particularly during winter and spring break Twenty three million tourists visited Florida beaches in 2000 spending 22 billion The public has a right to beach access under the public trust doctrine but some areas have access effectively blocked by private owners for a long distance 88 Data released shows 30 9 million visitors coming to the state from October to December of 2021 up nearly 60 from the same period in 2020 and topping pre pandemic levels from the same quarter pre pandemic 89 Amusement parks especially in the Greater Orlando area make up a significant portion of tourism The Walt Disney World Resort is the most visited vacation resort in the world with more than 58 million visitors annually 90 consisting of four theme parks 27 themed resort hotels nine non Disney hotels two water parks four golf courses and other recreational venues 91 Other major theme parks in the area include Universal Orlando Resort SeaWorld Orlando and Busch Gardens Tampa 92 Florida s many state parks and protected areas receive a lot of visitors as well with 25 2 million visitors visiting Florida State Parks in 2013 93 References Edit a b c d e f g GDP by State GDP by State U S Bureau of Economic Analysis BEA Bureau of Economic Analysis Retrieved March 26 2021 https www bea gov sites default files 2022 12 lagdp1222 pdf Bureau of Economic Analysis Full release and tables Gross Domestic Product by State 3rd Quarter 2022 Retrieved July 4 2021 Population Population Change and Estimated Components of Population Change 1 April 2010 to 1 July 2020 NST EST2020 alldata Census gov United States Census Bureau Archived from the original on December 22 2020 Retrieved December 22 2020 contributor Bethany Blankley The Center Square Florida s job growth continues surge as unemployment rate hits historic low The Center Square Retrieved August 24 2022 a href Template Cite web html title Template Cite web cite web a last has generic name help a b World Economic Outlook Database October 2021 IMF org International Monetary Fund October 2021 Retrieved January 10 2022 GDP Current US 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Password Verify Password Sign in Forgot your password E mail Address Sign in Register Regional Data GDP amp Personal Income Archived from the original on October 23 2018 Retrieved November 9 2019 MAPPED Here s how many millionaires there are in each US state Businesinsider com Site Selection Rankings Greyhill Advisors Retrieved October 18 2011 contributor Bethany Blankley The Center Square Florida s job growth continues surge as unemployment rate hits historic low The Center Square Retrieved August 24 2022 a href Template Cite web html title Template Cite web cite web a last has generic name help a b Analysis US Department of Commerce BEA Bureau of Economic Bureau of Economic Analysis apps bea gov Unemployment Rates for States Bls gov Loudenback Tanza February 6 2020 There are 9 US states with no income tax but 2 of them still tax investment earnings Business Insider Insider Inc Retrieved March 23 2020 Florida s Minimum Wage Changes Through 2026 Office of Human Resources Zhao Helen February 7 2018 These US cities have the highest credit card debt Cnbc com Chokey Aric Poverty rate in Florida dips to lowest level since Great Recession census says Sun sentinel com Walton Justin October 13 2015 Florida s Economy The 6 Industries Driving GDP Growth Investopedia com Hudson Mark 2019 FLORIDA AGRICULTURE BY THE NUMBERS 2019 PDF Florida Agriculture by the Numbers 2019 ed 9 a b c Rosskopf Erin N Chellemi Daniel O Kokalis Burelle Nancy Church Gregory T 2005 Alternatives to Methyl Bromide A Florida Perspective Plant Health Progress American Phytopathological Society 6 1 19 doi 10 1094 php 2005 1027 01 rv ISSN 1535 1025 S2CID 221233464 a b Florida Agriculture Overview and Statistics Florida Department of Agriculture amp Consumer Services January 1 2020 Retrieved April 28 2022 a b c d Jones Katie March 3 2022 How Plant City became the Winter Strawberry Capital of the World WTSP Retrieved June 3 2022 a b c Guan Zhengfei Wu Feng Whidden Alicia November 5 2020 FE1013 FE1013 Florida Strawberry Production Costs and Trends Electronic Data Information Source EDIS Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences IFAS UFl Retrieved June 3 2022 a b Enjoy fresh Florida strawberries available December through April Florida Strawberry Growers Association March 12 2018 Retrieved June 3 2022 a b c d e f g h i j k l Mertely J C Oliveira M S Peres N A February 15 2022 PP230 PP152 Botrytis Fruit Rot or Gray Mold of Strawberry Electronic Data Information Source EDIS Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences IFAS UFl Retrieved June 3 2022 Special Days amp Discounts Florida Strawberry Festival November 8 2017 Retrieved June 3 2022 a b c Dowling Madeline Peres Natalia Villani Sara Schnabel Guido 2020 Managing Colletotrichum on Fruit Crops A Complex Challenge Plant Disease American Phytopathological Society 104 9 2301 2316 doi 10 1094 pdis 11 19 2378 fe ISSN 0191 2917 PMID 32689886 S2CID 219479598 Strawberry Plant Breeding Program University of Florida Institute of Food and 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Solenopsis invicta University of Florida Entomology and Nematology Department Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences UF IFAS August 18 2008 Retrieved July 31 2022 Hudson Mark 2019 FLORIDA AGRICULTURE BY THE NUMBERS 2019 PDF Florida Agriculture by the Numbers 105 State by State Listing of Major U S Military Bases Florida Archived from the original on December 8 2010 Retrieved July 6 2009 Waymer Jim April 7 2011 Shutdown spares essential services Florida Today Melbourne Florida pp 1A Archived from the original on September 4 2014 Study Government a top employer in Florida Florida Today Melbourne Florida May 16 2012 p 12B Archived from the original on September 4 2014 Retrieved May 16 2012 TSRI Plans to Open Major Science Center in Palm Beach County Florida News amp Views The Scripps Research Institute October 2003 Retrieved May 14 2012 PineapplePress The Two Henrys Henry Plant and Henry Flagler and Their Railroads Pineapple Press Pineapplepress com Archived from the original on September 3 2018 Retrieved March 3 2020 State scores well in credit card mortgage payment delinquency The Burlington Free Press December 3 2008 Retrieved December 3 2008 dead link Price Wayne T March 24 2010 Area home sales down Florida Today Melbourne Florida p 6C Retrieved March 27 2011 Port Guide PDF www miamidade gov Retrieved April 13 2021 Forgione Mary July 25 2017 World s busiest cruise ports are in Florida Los Angeles Times Top 50 Water Ports by Tonnage Bureau of Transportation Statistics Bts gov Port Tampa Bay Port Tampa Bay Price Wayne T February 10 2015 Sea Ray Boats to resume operations Florida Today Melbourne Florida p 1A Retrieved February 11 2015 Interview Guy Fieri talks new projects criticism and the Triple D effect at Disney Springs in Orlando Tampa Bay Times February 13 2017 Archived from the original on February 14 2017 Retrieved February 14 2017 Gov Scott Florida Sets Another Tourism Record Florida Government Archived from the original on February 16 2017 Retrieved February 16 2017 a b What They Are Saying Florida Leaders Celebrate Record 105 Million Tourists in 2015 Government of Florida Archived from the original on April 21 2016 Retrieved April 20 2016 Day Ashley March 6 2016 Florida shines brightly in spring USA Today Florida Today Melbourne Florida pp 3U Retrieved March 6 2016 VISIT FLORIDA Announces an All Time Record 126 Million Visitors in 2018 Visit Florida February 20 2019 Retrieved February 20 2020 Laying out an unwelcome mat to public beach access PDF Archived from the original PDF on May 20 2012 Retrieved November 4 2011 Dunne Daniel Dahm Samantha February 15 2022 Florida s latest tourism numbers exceed pre pandemic levels WKMG Retrieved April 2 2022 TEA AECOM 2018 Theme Index and Museum Index The Global Attractions Attendance Report PDF Themed Entertainment Association May 28 2019 Retrieved February 20 2020 10 Most Popular Theme Parks in the World US City Traveler Uscitytraveler com June 2 2014 Retrieved October 23 2018 Florida Theme Parks Discover the Best Amusement Parks in Florida Visit Florida Bray Taryn November 18 2013 Florida Parks Receive Record Number of Gold Medals For Excellence Retrieved May 19 2019 Portal Florida Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Economy of Florida amp oldid 1141035085 Strawberry Advisory System, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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