Saran district is one of the thirty-eight districts of Indianstate of Bihar.[1] The district, part of Saran Division, is also known as Chhapra district after the headquarters of the district, Chhapra. It is considered as one of the richest Zamindari of Bihar after Raj Darbhanga, Hathwa Raj, Bettiah Raj and Raj Najarganj, Saran Raj.
It is said that "Saran" is a corrupted version of the word Sarangaranya (forest of Deers). According to legends, earlier it was a dense forest full of Deers and home of Rishi Sarangi. Another suggestion is that the name is corruption of Sakra-aranya (the forest of Indra).[2]
Chirand, 10 kilometres east of Chhapra, is a stratified Neolithic, Chalcolithic, and Iron Age settlement, which is known for its continuous archaeological record from the Neolithic age (about 2500–1345 BC) to the reign of the Pal dynasty who ruled during the pre-medieval period.[4] The archaeological records suggest transitions in human habitation patterns in Chirand dating from 2500 BC to 30 AD.[5]
Hathwa Raj was a Zamindar Dynasty in the Saran Division of Bihar belonging to Bhumihars, which encompassed 1,365 villages, was inhabited by more than 391,000 people, and produced an annual rental of almost a million rupees.[6]
Hindi version of Saran Gazetteer titled as Srijan was released in September 2016.[7][8][9][10]
Geography
Saran district occupies an area of 2,641 square kilometres (1,020 sq mi),[11] equivalent to Drentheprovince in the Netherlands.
The district of Saran is situated between 25°36' and 26°13' north latitude and 84°24' and 85°15' east longitude in the southern post of the Saran Division of North Bihar. The Ganges river provides the southern boundary of the district, beyond which lie the districts of Bhojpur and Patna. To the north of Saran lie the districts of Siwan and Gopalganj. The Gandak river forms the dividing line with the Vaishali and Muzaffarpur districts in the east. To the west of Saran lie the districts of Siwan and Balia in Uttar Pradesh. The Ghaghra river forms a natural boundary between Saran and Ballia.
The district is shaped like a triangle; its apex is the confluence of the boundary of the Gopalganj district and the Gandak – Ganges river. The district is made up entirely of plains, but several depressions and marshes create three broad natural divisions:
The alluvial plains along the big rivers, which are subject to periodic inundation.
The uplands away from the rivers, not subject to floods.
The riverbed diara areas.
India's biggest double-deckerflyover is being constructed in Chhapra.[12] This 3.5 km (2.2 mi) long double-deckerflyover from Gandhi Chowk to Nagarpalika Chowk,[13] is being constructed at the cost of ₹ 411.31 crore from the central road fund (CRF) under engineering procurement construction (EPC) mode by Bihar Rajya Pul Nirman Nigam Limited (BRPNNL).[14][15] It is longer than the 1.8 km (1.1 mi) double-deckerflyover in Santa Cruz–Chembur Link Road.[16] Chief Minister Nitish Kumar laid the foundation stone of this double-deckerflyover in July 2018, which is set to be completed by June 2022.[17] The width of the flyover will be 5.5 meters.[18] The double-deckerflyover will be constructed from the eastern side of Bhikhari Thakur roundabout on NH- 19 crossing the Police Lines, Gandhi Chowk, Mouna Chowk, Nagarpalika (Rajendra) Chowk, bus stand and end at Daroga Rai Chowk near Zila school on the western side of Chhapra. The upper portion of the double-deckerflyover bridge would be 3.5 km (2.2 mi) long and the lower portion 3 km (1.9 mi).
Saran was earlier called 'money order economy' district, as people used to send remittances in money order to their families there.[19][20] It is one of the 38 districts in Bihar currently receiving funds from the Backward Regions Grant Fund Programme (BRGF).[21]
It is a primarily agriculture based rural and suburban region with little industrial output. This can partly be attributed to the non business friendly socialism inspired governments led by RJD in the region from 2001 to 2014. That period was marked by unethical election practices.[22]
Government
The present collector and District Magistrate of Saran is Rajesh Meena .[23] The Divisional Commissioner is Smt.Poonam(I.A.S).[24]
The district has three Subdivisions, 20 Community Development Blocks and 1807 villages.
According to the 2011 census Saran district has a population of 3,951,862,[26] roughly equal to the nation of Liberia[27] or the US state of Oregon.[28] This gives it a ranking of 60th in India (out of a total of 640).[26] The district has a population density of 1,493 inhabitants per square kilometre (3,870/sq mi).[26] Its population growth rate over the decade 2001-2011 was 21.37%.[26] Saran has a sex ratio of 949 females for every 1000 males,[26] and a literacy rate of 68.57%. 8.94% of the population lives in urban areas.[26]
^"Soon, Chhapra to get double-decker flyover". The Times of India. 23 June 2018.
^"मनीऑर्डर इकॉनोमी से स्वावलंबन की ओर सारण" (in Hindi).
^"दानापुर-दिघवारा प्रस्तावित पुल सारण को बनायेगा मिनी 'नोएडा'". Prabhat Khabar (in Hindi).
^Ministry of Panchayati Raj (September 8, 2009). (PDF). National Institute of Rural Development. Archived from the original (PDF) on April 5, 2012. Retrieved September 27, 2011.
^"Sample Survey of Knowledge, Attitude, Behaviour, Belief and Practices (KABBP) & Expenditure - Sensitive Constituencies in Bihar" (PDF). ECI Bihar's CIMP Report. 1. 17 July 2015.
^M. Paul Lewis, ed. (2009). "Bhojpuri: A language of India". Ethnologue: Languages of the World (16th ed.). Dallas, Texas: SIL International. Retrieved 2011-09-30.
External links
Official website
April 29, 2023
saran, district, this, article, uses, bare, urls, which, uninformative, vulnerable, link, please, consider, converting, them, full, citations, ensure, article, remains, verifiable, maintains, consistent, citation, style, several, templates, tools, available, a. This article uses bare URLs which are uninformative and vulnerable to link rot Please consider converting them to full citations to ensure the article remains verifiable and maintains a consistent citation style Several templates and tools are available to assist in formatting such as Reflinks documentation reFill documentation and Citation bot documentation September 2022 Learn how and when to remove this template message Saran district is one of the thirty eight districts of Indian state of Bihar 1 The district part of Saran Division is also known as Chhapra district after the headquarters of the district Chhapra It is considered as one of the richest Zamindari of Bihar after Raj Darbhanga Hathwa Raj Bettiah Raj and Raj Najarganj Saran Raj Saran districtDistrict of BiharAgricultural field in Saran districtLocation of Saran district in BiharCoordinates Chhapra 25 55 N 84 45 E 25 917 N 84 750 E 25 917 84 750 Coordinates 25 55 N 84 45 E 25 917 N 84 750 E 25 917 84 750CountryIndiaStateBiharDivisionSaranHeadquartersChhapraTehsils20Government Lok Sabha constituencies1 Saran 2 Maharajganj shared with Siwan district Vidhan Sabha constituenciesEkma Manjhi Baniapur Taraiya Marhaura Chapra Garkha Amnour Parsa SonpurArea Total2 641 km2 1 020 sq mi Population 2011 Total3 951 862 Density1 500 km2 3 900 sq mi Demographics Literacy72 57 per cent Sex ratio949Time zoneUTC 05 30 IST PIN Code841206Major highwaysNH 28B NH 85 NH 101 NH 102 NH 19Websitesaran wbr nic wbr in Contents 1 Typonym 2 History 3 Geography 4 Politics 5 Economy 6 Government 6 1 Subdivisions 6 2 Blocks 7 Demographics 7 1 Languages 8 Transport 9 Notable personalities 10 References 11 External linksTyponym EditIt is said that Saran is a corrupted version of the word Sarangaranya forest of Deers According to legends earlier it was a dense forest full of Deers and home of Rishi Sarangi Another suggestion is that the name is corruption of Sakra aranya the forest of Indra 2 History EditHistorical populationYearPop p a 1901959 390 1911911 695 0 51 1921931 796 0 22 1931990 147 0 61 19411 138 986 1 41 19511 256 306 0 99 19611 447 297 1 43 19711 709 722 1 68 19812 084 322 2 00 19912 572 980 2 13 20013 248 701 2 36 20113 951 862 1 98 source 3 Chirand 10 kilometres east of Chhapra is a stratified Neolithic Chalcolithic and Iron Age settlement which is known for its continuous archaeological record from the Neolithic age about 2500 1345 BC to the reign of the Pal dynasty who ruled during the pre medieval period 4 The archaeological records suggest transitions in human habitation patterns in Chirand dating from 2500 BC to 30 AD 5 Hathwa Raj was a Zamindar Dynasty in the Saran Division of Bihar belonging to Bhumihars which encompassed 1 365 villages was inhabited by more than 391 000 people and produced an annual rental of almost a million rupees 6 Hindi version of Saran Gazetteer titled as Srijan was released in September 2016 7 8 9 10 Geography EditSaran district occupies an area of 2 641 square kilometres 1 020 sq mi 11 equivalent to Drenthe province in the Netherlands The district of Saran is situated between 25 36 and 26 13 north latitude and 84 24 and 85 15 east longitude in the southern post of the Saran Division of North Bihar The Ganges river provides the southern boundary of the district beyond which lie the districts of Bhojpur and Patna To the north of Saran lie the districts of Siwan and Gopalganj The Gandak river forms the dividing line with the Vaishali and Muzaffarpur districts in the east To the west of Saran lie the districts of Siwan and Balia in Uttar Pradesh The Ghaghra river forms a natural boundary between Saran and Ballia The district is shaped like a triangle its apex is the confluence of the boundary of the Gopalganj district and the Gandak Ganges river The district is made up entirely of plains but several depressions and marshes create three broad natural divisions The alluvial plains along the big rivers which are subject to periodic inundation The uplands away from the rivers not subject to floods The riverbed diara areas India s biggest double decker flyover is being constructed in Chhapra 12 This 3 5 km 2 2 mi long double decker flyover from Gandhi Chowk to Nagarpalika Chowk 13 is being constructed at the cost of 411 31 crore from the central road fund CRF under engineering procurement construction EPC mode by Bihar Rajya Pul Nirman Nigam Limited BRPNNL 14 15 It is longer than the 1 8 km 1 1 mi double decker flyover in Santa Cruz Chembur Link Road 16 Chief Minister Nitish Kumar laid the foundation stone of this double decker flyover in July 2018 which is set to be completed by June 2022 17 The width of the flyover will be 5 5 meters 18 The double decker flyover will be constructed from the eastern side of Bhikhari Thakur roundabout on NH 19 crossing the Police Lines Gandhi Chowk Mouna Chowk Nagarpalika Rajendra Chowk bus stand and end at Daroga Rai Chowk near Zila school on the western side of Chhapra The upper portion of the double decker flyover bridge would be 3 5 km 2 2 mi long and the lower portion 3 km 1 9 mi Politics EditThis section is transcluded from 17th Bihar Assembly edit history No Constituency Name Party Alliance Remarks113 Ekma Srikant Yadav Rashtriya Janata Dal MGB114 Manjhi Satyendra Yadav Communist Party of India Marxist MGB115 Baniapur Kedar Nath Singh Rashtriya Janata Dal MGB116 Taraiya Janak Singh Bharatiya Janata Party NDA117 Marhaura Jitendra Kumar Ray Rashtriya Janata Dal MGB118 Chapra C N Gupta Bharatiya Janata Party NDA119 Garkha Surendra Ram Rashtriya Janata Dal MGB120 Amnour Krishan Kumar Mantoo Bharatiya Janata Party NDA121 Parsa Chhote Lal Ray Rashtriya Janata Dal MGB122 Sonepur Ramanuj Prasad Yadav Rashtriya Janata Dal MGBEconomy EditSaran was earlier called money order economy district as people used to send remittances in money order to their families there 19 20 It is one of the 38 districts in Bihar currently receiving funds from the Backward Regions Grant Fund Programme BRGF 21 It is a primarily agriculture based rural and suburban region with little industrial output This can partly be attributed to the non business friendly socialism inspired governments led by RJD in the region from 2001 to 2014 That period was marked by unethical election practices 22 Government EditThe present collector and District Magistrate of Saran is Rajesh Meena 23 The Divisional Commissioner is Smt Poonam I A S 24 The district has three Subdivisions 20 Community Development Blocks and 1807 villages Subdivisions Edit Chhapra Marhowrah SonpurBlocks Edit Amnour Baniapur Chhapra Dariyapur Dighwara Ekma Garkha Ishupur Jalalpur Lahladpur Maker Manjhi Marhaura Mashrakh Nagra Panapur Parsa Revelganj Sonpur TaraiyaDemographics EditReligions in Saran district 2011 25 Religion PercentHinduism 89 45 Islam 10 28 Other or not Stated 0 27 According to the 2011 census Saran district has a population of 3 951 862 26 roughly equal to the nation of Liberia 27 or the US state of Oregon 28 This gives it a ranking of 60th in India out of a total of 640 26 The district has a population density of 1 493 inhabitants per square kilometre 3 870 sq mi 26 Its population growth rate over the decade 2001 2011 was 21 37 26 Saran has a sex ratio of 949 females for every 1000 males 26 and a literacy rate of 68 57 8 94 of the population lives in urban areas 26 Population Total 3951862 Rural 3598660 Urban 35883 SC Population Total 474066 12 00 Rural 438183 Urban 24089 ST Population Total 36786 0 93 Rural 35885 Urban 901Languages Edit lt div style border solid transparent background color initial position absolute width 100px line height 0 Languages of Saran district 2011 29 Bhojpuri 93 16 Hindi 4 45 Urdu 2 28 Others 0 11 At the time of the 2011 Census of India 93 16 of the population in the district spoke Bhojpuri 4 45 Hindi and 2 28 Urdu as their first language 29 Languages include Bhojpuri a tongue in the Bihari language group with almost 40 million speakers written in both the Devanagari and Kaithi scripts 30 Transport EditThe nearest airport to Saran District is Lok Nayak Jayaprakash Airport in Patna approximately 74 kilometres 46 mi away Notable personalities EditJayaprakash Narayan Bhikhari Thakur Chitragupt composer Anand Milind Abdul Ghafoor Lachhimi Sakhi Pandey Kapil Ram Dulari Sinha Ramchandra Manjhi Dharni DasReferences Edit स रण छपर म कहन क ल ए स रण क फ प र न ज ल ह म गल श सक अकबर क दरब र अब ल फजल न आइन अकबर O Malley L S S 2007 Bihar And Orissa District Gazetteers Saran pp 1 2 ISBN 9788172681364 Decadal Variation In Population Since 1901 BIHAR A QUICK GUIDE TO SARAN Roy Kumkum 2009 Historical dictionary of Ancient India ISBN 9780810853669 Yang Anand A 1999 Bazaar India Markets Society and the Colonial State in Bihar University of California Press pp 305 at page 69 ISBN 978 0 520 21100 1 Saran Gazetteer PDF DM Deepak Anand Execution of rail projects Saran s biggest gain in 16 The Times of India 30 December 2016 स जन स ज न स रण ज ल क थ त क स रण स जन व वरण क क ड एम न क य ल क र पण Srivastava Dayawanti et al eds 2010 States and Union Territories Bihar Government India 2010 A Reference Annual 54th ed New Delhi India Additional Director General Publications Division Ministry of Information and Broadcasting India Government of India pp 1118 1119 ISBN 978 81 230 1617 7 Chhapra to get Bihar s first double decker flyover The Times of India 12 July 2018 Two deck flyover cost Rs 411cr Archived from the original on July 12 2018 CM to open highway at Chhapra The Times of India 10 July 2018 Chhapra road bounty www telegraphindia com Archived from the original on 2018 07 12 Saran to beat Mumbai marvel Archived from the original on July 12 2018 Flyover first on Lalu s once turf Archived from the original on July 12 2018 Soon Chhapra to get double decker flyover The Times of India 23 June 2018 मन ऑर डर इक न म स स व वल बन क ओर स रण in Hindi द न प र द घव र प रस त व त प ल स रण क बन य ग म न न एड Prabhat Khabar in Hindi Ministry of Panchayati Raj September 8 2009 A Note on the Backward Regions Grant Fund Programme PDF National Institute of Rural Development Archived from the original PDF on April 5 2012 Retrieved September 27 2011 Sample Survey of Knowledge Attitude Behaviour Belief and Practices KABBP amp Expenditure Sensitive Constituencies in Bihar PDF ECI Bihar s CIMP Report 1 17 July 2015 http saran bih nic in Contact Details of Officers in Saran Commissionary sarandivision bih nic in Table C 01 Population by Religion Bihar censusindia gov in Registrar General and Census Commissioner of India 2011 a b c d e f District Census Handbook Saran PDF Census of India Registrar General and Census Commissioner of India 2011 US Directorate of Intelligence Country Comparison Population Archived from the original on June 13 2007 Retrieved 2011 10 01 Liberia 3 786 764 July 2011 est 2010 Resident Population Data U S Census Bureau Retrieved 2011 09 30 Oregon 3 831 074 a b Table C 16 Population by Mother Tongue Bihar censusindia gov in Registrar General and Census Commissioner of India 2011 M Paul Lewis ed 2009 Bhojpuri A language of India Ethnologue Languages of the World 16th ed Dallas Texas SIL International Retrieved 2011 09 30 External links EditOfficial website Saran Information Portal Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Saran district amp oldid 1149735537, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
