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Nottingham

April 10, 2024

This article is about the city in England. For other uses, see Nottingham (disambiguation).

Nottingham (/ˈnɒtɪŋəm/ ⓘ NOT-ing-əm, locally /ˈnɒtnʊm/) is a city and unitary authority area in Nottinghamshire, East Midlands, England. It is located 110 miles (180 km) north-west of London, 33 miles (53 km) south-east of Sheffield and 45 miles (72 km) north-east of Birmingham. Nottingham is the legendary home of Robin Hood and to the lace-making, bicycle and tobacco industries. The city is also the county town of Nottinghamshire and the settlement was granted its city charter in 1897, as part of Queen Victoria's Diamond Jubilee celebrations.

Nottingham
City and unitary authority
Coat of arms
Nickname: 
"the Queen of the Midlands"[1]
Motto(s): 
Latin: Vivit Post Funera Virtus, lit. 'Virtue Outlives Death'[2]
Shown within Nottinghamshire
Coordinates: 52°57′22″N 1°09′04″W / 52.9561°N 1.1512°W / 52.9561; -1.1512[3]
OS grid referenceSK 5711 4020[3]
Sovereign stateUnited Kingdom
CountryEngland
RegionEast Midlands
Ceremonial countyNottinghamshire
Settled6th century
City status1897
Unitary authority1998
Administrative HQLoxley House
Civic suiteNottingham Council House
Areas of the city
(2011 census BUASD)
List
Government
[4]
 • TypeUnitary authority with leader and cabinet
 • BodyNottingham City Council
 • ControlLabour
 • LeaderDavid Mellen (L)
 • Lord MayorCarole McCulloch
 • Chief ExecutiveMel Barrett
 • House of Commons
3 MPs
Area
[5]
 • Total28.81 sq mi (74.61 km2)
 • Rank223rd
Population
 (2021)[6]
 • Total319,566
 • Rank39th
 • Density11,090/sq mi (4,283/km2)
DemonymNottinghamian[7]
Ethnicity (2021)
[8]
 • Ethnic groups
List
Religion (2021)
[8]
 • Religion
List
Time zoneUTC+0 (GMT)
 • Summer (DST)UTC+1 (BST)
Postcode area
NG
Dialling code0115
ISO 3166 codeGB-NGM
GSS codeE06000018
ITL codeTLF14
GVA2021 estimate[9]
 • Total£10.8 billion
 • Per capita£33,661
GDP (nominal)2021 estimate[9]
 • Total£11.8 billion
 • Per capita£36,980
Websitenottinghamcity.gov.uk

In the 2021 Census, Nottingham had a reported population of 323,632.[8] The wider conurbation, which includes many of the city's suburbs, has a population of 768,638.[10] It is the largest urban area in the East Midlands and the second-largest in the Midlands. Its Functional Urban Area,[11] the largest in the East Midlands, has a population of 919,484.[12] The population of the Nottingham/Derby metropolitan area is estimated to be 1,610,000.[13] The metropolitan economy of Nottingham is the seventh-largest in the United Kingdom with a GDP of $50.9 billion (2014).[14] Aside from Birmingham, it is the only city in the Midlands to be ranked as a sufficiency-level world city by the Globalization and World Cities Research Network.[15]

Nottingham is a major sporting centre and, in October 2015, was named 'Home of English Sport'.[16] The National Ice Centre, Holme Pierrepont National Watersports Centre and Trent Bridge international cricket ground are all based in or around the city, which is also the home of two professional football teams: Notts County, recognised as the world's oldest professional league club, and Nottingham Forest, famously two-time winners of the UEFA European Cup under Brian Clough and Peter Taylor in 1979 and 1980. The city has professional rugby, ice hockey and cricket teams; it also hosts the Aegon Nottingham Open, an international tennis tournament on the ATP and WTA tours. This accolade came just over a year after Nottingham was named as the UK's first City of Football.[17]

The city is served by Nottingham railway station and the Nottingham Express Transit tram system; its bus company, Nottingham City Transport, is the largest publicly owned bus network in England.[18] In December 2015, Nottingham was named a 'City of Literature' by UNESCO, joining a list of 20 Cities of Literature.[19] The title reflects Nottingham's literary heritage, with Lord Byron, D. H. Lawrence and Alan Sillitoe having links to the city, as well as a contemporary literary community, a publishing industry and a poetry scene.[20] The city is served by three universities: the University of Nottingham, Nottingham Trent University and the Nottingham campus of the University of Law; it hosts the highest concentration of higher education providers in the East Midlands.

Toponym edit

The name of Nottingham is Anglo-Saxon in origin. A Saxon chieftain named Snot ruled an area known as Snotingaham in Old English;[21] the homestead of Snot's people (-inga = 'the people of'; -ham = 'homestead').[22][failed verification] Some authors derive Nottingham from Snottenga (caves) and ham (homestead) but "this has nothing to do with the English form".[23]

A settlement existed before the arrival of the Anglo-Saxons in the early 7th century CE because it is known in the Brythonic as Tig Guocobauc, meaning Place of Caves (known also as "City of Caves"). In modern Welsh, Nottingham is known poetically as Y Tŷ Ogofog and in Irish as Na Tithe Uaimh, 'The Cavey Dwelling'.[24]

History edit

Main article: History of Nottingham
See also: Timeline of Nottingham
 
Nottingham Castle

Nottingham Castle was constructed in 1068 on a sandstone outcrop by the River Leen.

The early history of Nottingham dates back to 919 A.D. where King Edward the Elder captured Nottingham to which he built a fortress on the southern bank of the river Trent in 921 A.D. During the Norman Conquest King William the Conqueror built a castle in Nottingham which was entrusted to William Peverel.[25]

The Anglo-Saxon settlement was originally confined to the area today known as the Lace Market and was surrounded by a substantial defensive ditch and rampart, which fell out of use following the Norman Conquest and was filled by the time of the Domesday Book (1086).[26] Following the Norman Conquest the Saxon settlement developed into the English Borough of Nottingham and housed a Town Hall and Law Courts. A settlement also developed around the castle on the hill opposite and was the French borough supporting the Normans in the castle. Eventually, the space between was built on as the town grew and the Old Market Square became the focus of Nottingham several centuries later.[26] Defences consisted initially of a ditch and bank in the early 12th century. The ditch was later widened, in the mid-13th century, and a stone wall built around much of the perimeter of the town. A short length of the wall survives, and is visible at the northern end of Maid Marian Way, and is protected as a Scheduled Monument.[26]

 
Nottingham Castle

On the return of King Richard the Lionheart from the Crusades in 1194, the castle was occupied by supporters of Prince John, including the Sheriff of Nottingham. It was besieged by Richard and, after a sharp conflict, was captured.[27][better source needed] In the legends of Robin Hood, Nottingham Castle is the scene of the final showdown between the Sheriff and the hero outlaw.[28] King John of England (formerly Prince John) visited Nottingham in 1199 and 1202. Later King Henry III of England held a court in Nottingham.[25]

By the 15th century Nottingham had established itself as a centre of a thriving export trade in religious sculpture made from Nottingham alabaster.[29] During the late medieval period Nottingham alabasters were exported as far afield as Iceland, and may be one reason why a small number of Icelandic immigrants lived in Nottingham during the 15th century.[30] The town became a county corporate in 1449[31] giving it effective self-government, in the words of the charter, "for eternity". The Castle and Shire Hall were expressly excluded and remained as detached Parishes of Nottinghamshire.

One of those highly impressed by Nottingham in the late 18th century was the German traveller C. P. Moritz, who wrote in 1782, "Of all the towns I have seen outside London, Nottingham is the loveliest and neatest. Everything had a modern look, and a large space in the centre was hardly less handsome than a London square. A charming footpath leads over the fields to the highway, where a bridge spans the Trent. … Nottingham … with its high houses, red roofs and church steeples, looks excellent from a distance."[32]

During the Industrial Revolution, much of Nottingham's prosperity was founded on the textile industry; in particular, the city became an internationally important centre of lace manufacture. In 1831 citizens rioted in protest against the Duke of Newcastle's opposition to the Reform Act 1832, setting fire to his residence on the site of Nottingham Castle.

 
Nottingham in 1831

In common with the UK textile industry, Nottingham's textile sector fell into decline in the decades following the Second World War.[33] Little textile manufacture now takes place in Nottingham; however, many of the former industrial buildings in the Lace Market district have been restored and put to new uses.

Nottingham was one of the boroughs reformed by the Municipal Corporations Act 1835, and at that time consisted of the parishes of St Mary, St Nicholas and St Peter. It was expanded in 1877 by adding the parishes of Basford, Brewhouse Yard, Bulwell, Radford, Sneinton, Standard Hill, and parts of the parishes of West Bridgford, Carlton, Wilford (North Wilford). In 1889 Nottingham became a county borough under the Local Government Act 1888. City status was awarded as part of the Diamond Jubilee celebrations of Queen Victoria, being signified in a letter from the prime minister, the Marquess of Salisbury to the mayor, dated 18 June 1897. Nottingham was extended in 1933 by adding Bilborough and Wollaton, parts of the parishes of Bestwood Park and Colwick, and a recently developed part of the Beeston Urban District. A further boundary extension was granted in 1951 when Clifton and Wilford (south of the River Trent) were incorporated into the city.[34][35]

Demographic evolution of Nottingham
YearPop.
4th century<37
10th century<1,000
11th century1,500
YearPop.
14th century3,000
Early 17th century4,000
Late 17th century5,000
YearPop.±%
180129,000—    
181134,000+17.2%
182140,000+17.6%
183151,000+27.5%
184153,000+3.9%
185158,000+9.4%
186176,000+31.0%
YearPop.±%
187187,000+14.5%
1881159,000+82.8%
1901240,000+50.9%
1911260,000+8.3%
1921269,000+3.5%
1931265,000−1.5%
1951306,000+15.5%
YearPop.±%
1961312,000+2.0%
1971301,000−3.5%
1981278,000−7.6%
1991273,000−1.8%
2001275,000+0.7%
2011306,000+11.3%
2021324,000+5.9%

Electric trams were introduced to the city in 1901; they served the city for 35 years until 1936. Trams were reintroduced after 68 years when a new network opened in 2004.[35]

In the sporting world, Nottingham is home to the world's oldest professional football club, Notts County, which was formed in 1862. The town's other football club, Nottingham Forest, had a period of success between 1977 and 1993 under manager Brian Clough, winning the First Division, four League Cups, a UEFA Super Cup and two European Cups.[36] During this time Forest signed Trevor Francis, Britain's first £1 million footballer, who joined the club in February 1979 from Birmingham City.[37]

The city was the site of race riots in 1958, centred on the St Ann's neighbourhood.[38]

During the second half of the 20th century Nottingham saw urban growth with the development of new public and private housing estates and new urban centres, which have engulfed former rural villages such as Bilborough, Wollaton, Gedling and Bramcote. South of the river there has also been expansion with new areas such as Edwalton and West Bridgford, adding to Nottingham's urban sprawl. Although this growth slowed towards the end of the century, the modern pressures for more affordable and council housing is back on the political agenda and there is now pressure on the green belt which surrounds the city.[39]

Government edit

Local government edit

 
Nottingham Council House

Nottingham City Council is a unitary authority, and is based at Loxley House on Station Street. It consists of 55 councillors, representing 20 wards, who are elected every four years; the last elections being held on 2 May 2019. The council is independent of Nottinghamshire County Council but work with them for local developments and other matters. Nottingham, though, remains the county town of Nottinghamshire even though the county hall is in the neighbouring town of West Bridgford where the county council is based.

 
Loxley House, Nottingham

The city also has a Lord Mayor who is selected by city councillors from among themselves. The position is largely ceremonial but the Lord Mayor also acts as Chair of Full Council meetings.

The City of Nottingham's boundaries are tightly drawn and exclude several suburbs and towns that are usually considered part of Greater Nottingham. Unlike the city, these areas are governed by a two tier system of local government. Nottinghamshire County Council is based at the county hall. It provides the upper tier of local government whilst the lower tier is split into several district or borough councils. The County Council are responsible for Health, Social Care, Education, Highways, Transport, Libraries and Trading Standards, whilst the lower tier councils are responsible for local planning, neighbourhood services, housing, licensing, environmental health and leisure facilities. The towns of Beeston, Stapleford and Eastwood are administered by Broxtowe Borough Council. Further west still, the Nottingham urban district extends into Derbyshire where Ilkeston and Long Eaton are administered by Erewash Borough Council, and Ripley by Amber Valley. To the north, Hucknall is governed by Ashfield District Council, while in the east Arnold and Carlton form part of the Borough of Gedling. South of the river, the town of West Bridgford lies in Rushcliffe, as do the outlying villages of Ruddington and Tollerton and the town of Bingham.

 
Map illustrating the boundaries of the city and the wider Greater Nottingham area

UK Parliament edit

Nottingham has three UK parliamentary constituency seats within its boundaries. Nottingham North has been represented since 2017 by Labour Member of Parliament (MP) Alex Norris, Nottingham East since 2019 by Labour MP Nadia Whittome and Nottingham South since 2010 by Labour MP Lilian Greenwood. Each of the outer districts (Broxtowe, Ashfield, Gedling and Rushcliffe) are also parliamentary constituencies in their own right although the parliamentary constituency boundaries do not align with the boundaries of the council districts of which they share their name.

Geography edit

Further information: Nottingham and Derby Green Belt
 
Nottingham from the east, c. 1695, painted by Jan Siberechts

Nottingham is situated on an area of low hills[40] along the lower valley of the River Trent, and is surrounded by the Sherwood Forest in the north, the Nottinghamshire, Derbyshire and Yorkshire Coalfield in the west, and the Trent and Belvoir Vales in the east and south.

Within the city, native wildlife includes red fox, peregrine falcon and common kingfisher.[41] Notable nature reserves around the city include Attenborough Nature Reserve SSSI, Sherwood Forest National Nature Reserve, Holme Pit SSSI, Fairham Brook Local Wildlife Site and Wollaton Park. Due to its position as a central city with strong transport links, Nottingham has become home to invasive animal and plant species including rose-ringed parakeet, Japanese knotweed and Himalayan balsam.[42]

In 2017 it was reported that Nottingham was one of a number of UK cities that broke WHO air pollution guidelines for the maximum concentration of small particulate matter; the pollution in part being caused by harmful wood-burning stoves.[43]

Nottingham is bounded by a green belt area, provisionally drawn up from the 1950s. Completely encircling the city, it extends for several miles into the surrounding districts, as well as towards Derby.

Within the city edit

Main article: List of places in Nottinghamshire
 
 
2km
1.2miles
 
R i v e r T r e n t
G E D L I N G
A S H F I E L D
B R O X T O W E
R U S H C L I F F E
 
 
Map of Nottingham showing the city boundary

Around the city edit

Climate edit

Main article: Climate of Nottingham

Like most of the United Kingdom, Nottingham has a temperate oceanic climate (Köppen: Cfb) and experiences warm mild summers and mild to cool winters with abundant precipitation throughout the year. There are two weather-reporting stations close to Nottingham: the former "Nottingham Weather Centre", at Watnall, about 6 miles (10 km) northwest of the city centre; and the University of Nottingham's agricultural campus at Sutton Bonington, about 10 miles (16 km) southwest of the city centre. The highest temperature recorded in Nottingham (Watnall) stands at 39.8 °C (103.6 °F),[44] whilst Sutton Bonington recorded a temperature of 39.4 °C (102.9 °F),[45] both recorded on 19 July 2022, and the record-high minimum temperature is 20.3 °C (68.5 °F)[46] recorded on 20 July 2022. On average, a temperature of 25 °C (77 °F) or above is recorded on 11 days per year, whilst a temperature of 30 °C (86 °F) is recorded at least 1 day per year[47] at Watnall for the period of 1991–2020, and the warmest day of the year reaches an average of 30.0 °C (86.0 °F).[48]

For the period 1991–2020 Nottingham (Watnall) recorded on average 36.9 days of air frost per year,[49] and Sutton Bonington 42.2.[50] The lowest recorded temperature in Nottingham (Watnall) is −13.3 °C (8.1 °F) recorded in 23 January 1963[51] and 13 January 1987,[52] whilst a temperature of −17.8 °C (0.0 °F) was recorded in Sutton Bonington on 24 February 1947.[53] The record-low maximum temperature is −6.3 °C (20.7 °F)[54] recorded in January 1963. For the period of 1991–2020, the coldest temperature of the year reaches an average of −5.5 °C (22.1 °F)[55] in Nottingham (Watnall).

Climate data for Nottingham Watnall[a]
WMO ID: 03354; coordinates 53°00′20″N 1°15′05″W / 53.00558°N 1.25126°W / 53.00558; -1.25126 (Nottingham Watnall); elevation: 117 m (384 ft); 1991–2020 normals, extremes 1960–present
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Record high °C (°F) 14.5
(58.1) 		18.6
(65.5) 		22.8
(73.0) 		25.9
(78.6) 		27.6
(81.7) 		31.2
(88.2) 		39.8
(103.6) 		34.6
(94.3) 		30.8
(87.4) 		28.4
(83.1) 		17.9
(64.2) 		15.0
(59.0) 		39.8
(103.6)
Mean daily maximum °C (°F) 6.9
(44.4) 		7.7
(45.9) 		10.1
(50.2) 		13.2
(55.8) 		16.4
(61.5) 		19.2
(66.6) 		21.5
(70.7) 		21.1
(70.0) 		18.1
(64.6) 		13.9
(57.0) 		9.8
(49.6) 		7.2
(45.0) 		13.8
(56.8)
Daily mean °C (°F) 4.3
(39.7) 		4.7
(40.5) 		6.5
(43.7) 		9.0
(48.2) 		11.9
(53.4) 		14.8
(58.6) 		16.9
(62.4) 		16.7
(62.1) 		14.2
(57.6) 		10.7
(51.3) 		7.0
(44.6) 		4.6
(40.3) 		10.1
(50.2)
Mean daily minimum °C (°F) 1.7
(35.1) 		1.7
(35.1) 		3.0
(37.4) 		4.8
(40.6) 		7.5
(45.5) 		10.4
(50.7) 		12.4
(54.3) 		12.3
(54.1) 		10.2
(50.4) 		7.4
(45.3) 		4.2
(39.6) 		2.0
(35.6) 		6.5
(43.7)
Record low °C (°F) −13.3
(8.1) 		−11.1
(12.0) 		−10.6
(12.9) 		−4.6
(23.7) 		−2.1
(28.2) 		1.0
(33.8) 		4.4
(39.9) 		4.5
(40.1) 		0.9
(33.6) 		−3.1
(26.4) 		−9.2
(15.4) 		−12.0
(10.4) 		−13.3
(8.1)
Average precipitation mm (inches) 59.1
(2.33) 		49.8
(1.96) 		45.5
(1.79) 		47.6
(1.87) 		49.8
(1.96) 		66.7
(2.63) 		65.2
(2.57) 		63.7
(2.51) 		57.4
(2.26) 		71.7
(2.82) 		69.5
(2.74) 		69.6
(2.74) 		715.6
(28.17)
Average snowfall mm (inches) 10
(0.4) 		19
(0.7) 		5
(0.2) 		1
(0.0) 		0
(0) 		0
(0) 		0
(0) 		0
(0) 		0
(0) 		0
(0) 		2
(0.1) 		5
(0.2) 		42
(1.6)
Average precipitation days (≥ 1.0 mm) 11.6 10.9 10.1 9.4 9.0 9.8 9.4 9.5 9.8 11.2 12.7 12.3 125.9
Average snowy days 2.7 3.8 1.3 0.2 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.3 1.5 9.8
Average relative humidity (%) 89 86 82 81 81 83 79 78 81 85 88 90 84
Average dew point °C (°F) 2
(36) 		2
(36) 		2
(36) 		5
(41) 		7
(45) 		10
(50) 		12
(54) 		12
(54) 		11
(52) 		9
(48) 		5
(41) 		3
(37) 		7
(44)
Mean monthly sunshine hours 56.0 77.7 116.2 152.3 191.5 170.5 191.5 177.6 137.5 96.9 64.1 55.3 1,487
Mean daily daylight hours 8.2 9.9 11.9 14.0 15.9 16.8 16.3 14.7 12.7 10.6 8.7 7.7 12.3
Average ultraviolet index 2 2 3 3 4 4 4 4 4 3 2 2 3
Source 1: Met Office[56] ECA&D[57]
Source 2: WeatherAtlas[58] Time and Date (dew point 2005–2015)[59]
Climate data for Sutton Bonington[b]
WMO ID: 99025; coordinates 52°50′11″N 1°15′04″W / 52.83651°N 1.25118°W / 52.83651; -1.25118 (Met Office Sutton Bonington); elevation: 48 m (157 ft); 1991–2020 normals, extremes 1924–present
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Record high °C (°F) 15.8
(60.4) 		17.9
(64.2) 		22.9
(73.2) 		26.5
(79.7) 		30.0
(86.0) 		32.2
(90.0) 		39.4
(102.9) 		34.8
(94.6) 		30.9
(87.6) 		28.8
(83.8) 		20.0
(68.0) 		15.9
(60.6) 		39.4
(102.9)
Mean daily maximum °C (°F) 7.5
(45.5) 		8.1
(46.6) 		10.5
(50.9) 		13.6
(56.5) 		16.7
(62.1) 		19.6
(67.3) 		22.0
(71.6) 		21.8
(71.2) 		18.7
(65.7) 		14.5
(58.1) 		10.4
(50.7) 		7.8
(46.0) 		14.3
(57.7)
Daily mean °C (°F) 4.7
(40.5) 		5.0
(41.0) 		6.8
(44.2) 		9.1
(48.4) 		11.9
(53.4) 		14.9
(58.8) 		17.1
(62.8) 		17.0
(62.6) 		14.4
(57.9) 		11.0
(51.8) 		7.4
(45.3) 		4.9
(40.8) 		10.3
(50.5)
Mean daily minimum °C (°F) 1.9
(35.4) 		1.9
(35.4) 		3.0
(37.4) 		4.6
(40.3) 		7.2
(45.0) 		10.1
(50.2) 		12.1
(53.8) 		12.2
(54.0) 		10.1
(50.2) 		7.5
(45.5) 		4.4
(39.9) 		2.1
(35.8) 		6.5
(43.7)
Record low °C (°F) −16.7
(1.9) 		−17.8
(0.0) 		−13.3
(8.1) 		−6.7
(19.9) 		−4.4
(24.1) 		−1.1
(30.0) 		1.7
(35.1) 		1.1
(34.0) 		−1.8
(28.8) 		−6.7
(19.9) 		−9.9
(14.2) 		−15.3
(4.5) 		−17.8
(0.0)
Average precipitation mm (inches) 50.7
(2.00) 		41.2
(1.62) 		40.6
(1.60) 		44.3
(1.74) 		46.3
(1.82) 		63.7
(2.51) 		61.8
(2.43) 		54.6
(2.15) 		49.2
(1.94) 		62.7
(2.47) 		56.9
(2.24) 		58.1
(2.29) 		630.0
(24.80)
Average precipitation days (≥ 1.0 mm) 10.9 9.6 9.6 9.6 8.9 9.5 9.6 8.6 8.9 10.4 11.0 11.7 118.3
Mean monthly sunshine hours 51.6 76.1 115.6 152.0 182.9 161.8 190.1 175.6 136.7 100.8 61.5 47.7 1,452.4
Source 1: Met Office[60]
Source 2: Starlings Roost Weather[61][62]


City centre edit

See also: Nottingham city centre

The city centre of Nottingham is usually defined as the Old Market Square. The square is dominated by the Council House, which was built in the 1920s to replace the Nottingham Exchange. The Council House has baroque columns and two stone lion statues in the front to stand watch over the square. The Exchange Arcade, on the ground floor, is a shopping centre.

 
Nottingham Trent University, Arkwright Building

Tall office buildings line Maid Marian Way. The Georgian area around Oxford and Regent Streets is dominated by small professional firms. The Albert Hall faces the Gothic revival St Barnabas' Roman Catholic Cathedral by Pugin. Nottingham Castle and its grounds are located further south in the western third of the city. The central third descends from the university district in the north, past Nottingham Trent University's Gothic revival Arkwright Building. The university also owns many other buildings in this area. The Theatre Royal on Theatre Square, with its pillared façade, was built in 1865. King and Queen Streets are home to striking Victorian buildings designed by such architects as Alfred Waterhouse and Watson Fothergill.[63]

The Canal-side to the south of the city is adjacent to Nottingham railway station and home to multiple repurposed (as bars and restaurants) 19th-century industrial buildings.[citation needed]

 
King Street, Nottingham

The eastern third of the city contains Hockley Village, with specialist and independent shops. The Victoria Centre is also in the area; it was built in the 1970s on the demolished Victoria railway station site. All that remains of the old station is the station hotel and clock tower. The 250-foot-high Victoria Centre flats stand above the shopping centre and are the tallest buildings in the city.

Lace Market edit

 
National Justice Museum in the Lace Market

The Lace Market area just south of Hockley has streets with four- to seven-storey red brick warehouses, iron railings and red phone boxes.

Many of the buildings have been converted into apartments, bars and restaurants. The largest building in the Lace Market is the Adams Building, built by Thomas Chambers Hine for Thomas Adams (1807–1873), and currently used by Nottingham College. The Georgian-built Shire Hall, which was once Nottingham's main court and prison building, is now home to the National Justice Museum (formerly the "Galleries of Justice").

Public houses edit

Ye Olde Trip To Jerusalem (the Trip), partially built into the cave system beneath Nottingham Castle, is a contender for the title of England's Oldest Pub, as it is supposed to have been established in 1189.[64]

 
Ye Olde Trip to Jerusalem

The Bell Inn in the Old Market Square, and Ye Olde Salutation Inn (the Salutation) in Maid Marian Way have both disputed this claim. The Trip's current timber building probably dates back to the 17th or 18th century, but the caves are certainly older and may have been used to store beer and water for the castle during medieval times. There are also caves beneath the Salutation that date back to the medieval period, although they are no longer used as beer cellars. The Bell Inn is probably the oldest of the three pub buildings still standing, according to dendrochronology, and has medieval cellars that are still used to store beer.[65]

Education edit

 
Nottingham High School
See also: Education in Nottingham and List of schools in Nottingham

Almost 62,000 students attend the city's three universities, Nottingham Trent University, the University of Law and the University of Nottingham; in the 2016/17 academic year, Trent University was attended by 29,370 students and Nottingham University by 32,515.[66] The University of Nottingham Medical School is part of the Queen's Medical Centre.[67]

 
The Trent Building University of Nottingham

There are three colleges of further education located in Nottingham: Bilborough College is solely a sixth form college; Nottingham College was formed in 2017, by the amalgamation of Central College Nottingham and New College Nottingham (which had both previously formed from the merger of smaller FE colleges); and the Confetti Institute of Creative Technologies, owned by Nottingham Trent University, is a further education college that specialises in media.[68] The city has dozens of sixth form colleges and academies, providing education and training for adults aged over sixteen.[69]

Nottingham also has a number of independent schools. The city's oldest educational establishment is Nottingham High School, which was founded in 1513.[70][71]

Museums edit

The city contains several notable museums including:

 
City of Caves
 
Green's Mill, Sneinton

In 2015, the National Videogame Arcade was opened in the Hockley area of the city; being "the UK's first cultural centre for videogames".[73] It was announced in June 2018 that the arcade was soon to close and relocate to Sheffield city centre,[74] where it reopened in November 2018 as the National Videogame Museum.[75]

Economy edit

 
Formerly part of the HM Revenue & Customs Castle Meadow Campus in Nottingham

Nottingham is the East Midlands' largest economy.[76] The headquarters of several large companies are based in the city: these include Alliance Boots (formerly Boots the Chemists); Chinook Sciences; GM (cricket bats); Pedigree Petfoods; VF Corporation (American clothing); Changan Automobile (Chinese-made automobiles); the credit reference agency Experian; energy company E.ON Energy UK; betting company Gala Bingo; amusement and gambling machine manufacturer Bell-Fruit-Games; engineering company Siemens; sportswear manufacturers Speedo; high-street opticians Vision Express and Specsavers; games and publishing company Games Workshop; PC software developer Serif Europe (publisher of PagePlus and other titles); web hosting provider Heart Internet; the American credit card company Capital One; the national law firm Browne Jacobson; and Earache Records, an independent music company founded by local resident Digby Pearson, based on Handel Street in Sneinton. Nottingham also has offices of Nottingham Building Society (established 1849); HM Revenue & Customs; the Driving Standards Agency; Ofsted; the Care Quality Commission and BBC East Midlands. The schools and aerial photographers, H Tempest Ltd, were Nottingham-based for many years, until relocating to St Ives, Cornwall January 1959.[citation needed]

Nottingham was named one of the UK's six science cities in 2005 by the then Chancellor of the Exchequer Gordon Brown. Among the science-based industries within the city is BioCity. Founded as a joint venture between Nottingham Trent University and the University of Nottingham, it is the UK's biggest bioscience innovation and incubation centre, housing around 80 science-based companies.[77] In 2010, Nottingham City Council announced that the target sectors of their economic development strategy would include low-carbon technologies; digital media; life sciences; financial and business services; and retail and leisure.[78]

Economic trends
Year Regional Gross
Value Added (£m)		 Agriculture
(£m)		 Industry
(£m)		 Services
(£m)
1995 4,149 2 1,292 2,855
2000 5,048 1 912 4,135
2003 5,796 – 967 4,828
source: Office for National Statistics

The city formerly had a major bicycle manufacturing industry sector. Raleigh Bicycle Company was established in 1886 and Sturmey-Archer, the developer of three-speed hub gears, was also founded in the city. Raleigh's factory on Triumph Road, famous as the filming location of Saturday Night and Sunday Morning, was demolished in 2003 to make way for the University of Nottingham Jubilee Campus's expansion.

In 2015, Nottingham was ranked in the top 10 UK cities for job growth (from 2004 to 2013), in the public and private sectors.[79] and in the same year, it was revealed that more new companies were started in Nottingham in 2014–15 than in any other UK city, with a 68% year-on-year increase.[80] In 2017, Nottingham came seventh in Harper Dennis Hobbes's Top 50 British Centres, behind the West End of London, Glasgow, Birmingham, Manchester, Leeds and Liverpool.[81]

Retail edit

 
The Exchange Arcade inside the Council House

The Bridlesmith Gate area has numerous designer shops, one being the original Paul Smith boutique. There are various specialist shops and small businesses in side streets and alleys: notable streets include Poultry Walk, West End Arcade and Hurts Yard and Derby Road (the latter once known for antiques). Smaller shopping areas in the city are the older Flying Horse Walk, The Exchange Arcade, Hockley and newer Trinity Square and The Pod.

 
King Street, Nottingham

Nottingham's Victoria Centre is the city's main retail shopping centre: it was the first to be built in the city and was developed on the site of the former Nottingham Victoria railway station.[82]

 
Bridlesmith Gate

Enterprise zone edit

In March 2011, the government announced the creation of Nottingham Enterprise Zone, an enterprise zone sited on part of the Boots Estate.[83] In March 2012, Nottingham Science Park, Beeston Business Park and Nottingham Medipark were added to the zone.[84] In December 2014, the government announced that the zone would be expanded again, to include Infinity Park Derby, a planned business park for aerospace, rail and automotive technology adjacent to the Rolls-Royce site in Sinfin, Derby.[85]

Creative Quarter edit

The Creative Quarter is a project started by Nottingham City Council as part of the Nottingham City Deal. Centred on the east of the city (including the Lace Market, Hockley, Broadmarsh East, the Island site and BioCity), the project aims at creating growth and jobs. In July 2012, the government contributed £25 million towards a £45 million venture capital fund, mainly targeted at the Creative Quarter.[86]

Culture edit

Art Galleries edit

Galleries include Nottingham Contemporary art centre in the Lace Market, opened in 2009, and New Art Exchange contemporary art gallery, the largest in the UK dedicated to showing diverse artists, opened in 2008.

Public Art edit

Main article: List of public art in Nottingham

Nottingham has a range of public artworks across the city, largely from the twentieth century. These include traditional statues such as Robin Hood by James Woodford, and Lee Johnson's statue of Brian Clough. Contemporary artwork includes Anish Kapoors Sky Mirror at Nottingham Playhouse, and Aspire by Ken Shuttleworth at the University of Nottingham. In 2018 the site of Lenton Priory was declared a sculpture park and three new artworks commissioned on the site. These include 'Lenton Priory Stone' by James Winnet[87] based the carvings on the 12th century Norman baptismal font from the Priory, and the 'Lenton Priory Pilllars' by Adrian Riley.[citation needed]

Venues edit

Nottingham has two large-capacity theatres, the Nottingham Playhouse and the Theatre Royal, which together with the neighbouring Royal Concert Hall forms the Royal Centre. The city also contains smaller theatre venues such as the Nottingham Arts Theatre, the Lace Market Theatre, New Theatre and Nonsuch Studios.

 
Theatre Royal, Nottingham

There is a Cineworld and a Showcase in the city. Independent cinemas include the Arthouse Broadway Cinema in Hockley,[88] and the four-screen Art Deco Savoy Cinema.[89]

 
The Albert Hall, Nottingham, one of the city's music venues

Nottingham has several large music and entertainment venues including the Royal Concert Hall, Rock City, Nottingham Royal Concert Hall (2,500-capacity) and the Nottingham Arena (Social centre). Nottingham's City Ground played host to rock band R.E.M with Idlewild and The Zutons supporting in 2005, the first time a concert had been staged at the football stadium.[90]

Nottingham also has a selection of smaller venues, including the Albert Hall (800-capacity), Ye Olde Salutation Inn, Malt Cross, Rescue Rooms, the Bodega, the Old Angel, the Central, the Chameleon and the Corner.

Music edit

1960s blues-rock band Ten Years After formed in Nottingham, as did the 1970s pop act Paper Lace, the critically acclaimed Tindersticks, electronic music groups Stereo MC's, Bent, and Crazy P, as well as influential folk singer Anne Briggs. Since the beginning of the 2010s, the city has produced a number of artists to gain media attention, including; Sleaford Mods, Jake Bugg, London Grammar, Indiana, Bru-C, Natalie Duncan, Dog Is Dead, Saint Raymond, Childhood, Kagoule, Rue Royale, Spotlight Kid and Amber Run.

Nottingham is home to Earache Records, a large independent record label setup in Nottingham in 1986 and famously home to Napalm Death, Carcass, Entombed, Rival Sons and more.

The city has an active classical music scene, with long-established ensembles such as the city's Symphony Orchestra, Philharmonic Orchestra, Nottingham Harmonic Society, Bach Choir, Early Music Group Musica Donum Dei and the Symphonic Wind Orchestra giving regular performances in the city.[citation needed] The Sumac Centre is a social centre in Forest Fields.

Nottingham is known for its hip-hop scene.[91] Rofl Audio Recording Studios opened in 2013,[92] on the site of a former square known as "Milk Square" which was known to have hosted musicians, bands and orchestras in the 1800s.[93][94] Since opening, the studios have hosted musicians and actors from various places including involvement in Hollywood films,[95] and British rock band Spiritualized's album And Nothing Hurt.[96] The studios are a base for rapper and producer Sway Dasafo's New Reign Productions[97] and Jake Bugg's manager, Jason Hart.[98] The rock band Church of the Cosmic Skull are from Nottingham.[99][100]

Annual events edit

Wollaton Park in Nottingham hosts an annual family-friendly music event called Splendour. In 2009 it was headlined by Madness and the Pogues. The following year it was headlined by the Pet Shop Boys and featured, among others, Calvin Harris, Noisettes, Athlete and OK Go.[101] In 2011, it featured headline acts Scissor Sisters, Blondie, Eliza Doolittle and Feeder. In 2012, performers included Dizzee Rascal, Razorlight, Katy B and Hard-Fi. In 2014, Wollaton Park hosted the first-ever No Tomorrow Festival, featuring the likes of Sam Smith, London Grammar and Clean Bandit.[102]

 
Wollaton Hall in the grounds of Wollaton Park

Nottingham holds several multicultural events throughout the year. The city has hosted an annual Asian Mela every summer since about 1989,[103] there is a parade on St Patrick's Day,[104] fireworks for the Chinese New Year, Holi in the Park to celebrate the Hindu spring festival,[105][106] a West Indian-style carnival, and several Sikh events.[107]

The city is particularly famous for its annual Goose Fair, a large travelling funfair held at the Forest Recreation Ground at the beginning of October every year. Established over 700 years ago, the fair was originally a livestock market where thousands of geese were sold in the Old Market Square, but the modern-day Goose Fair is known for its fairground rides and attractions.[108]

 
Nottingham Goose Fair

Since the late 1990s, Nottinghamshire Pride has organised an annual pride parade, a day-long celebration that usually takes place in the city in July.[109]

Food and drink edit

There are more than three hundred restaurants in Nottingham, with several AA Rosette winners (as of 2018).[110] City-centre restaurant, Ibérico World Tapas, was awarded a Bib Gourmand in the 2013 Michelin Guide.[111] There are also two Michelin-starred restaurants: Alchemilla in the city centre has one star; and Restaurant Sat Bains with Rooms, on the edge of the city near Clifton Bridge, has two Michelin stars.[112] There were five other Nottingham restaurants recommended in the Michelin Guide in 2020.[112]

Tourism edit

 
Ferris wheel in Old Market Square

In 2010, Nottingham was named as one of the "Top 10 Cities to Visit in 2010" by DK Travel.[113] Nottingham was ranked number one for the 'Best Value City Break' in August 2017 by TripAdvisor.[114] According to the Scarborough Tourism Economic Activity Monitor (STEAM) report, tourism in Nottingham city was valued at £628 million in 2017, an increase of 4.1% over the 2016 figure of £604 million.[115]

Many local businesses and organisations use the worldwide fame of Robin Hood to represent or promote their brands. The Robin Hood Pageant takes place in Nottingham each year and has been rebranded Robin Hood Live for 2020. The city is home to the Nottingham Robin Hood Society, founded in 1972 by Jim Lees and Steve and Ewa Theresa West.[116] Sherwood Forest County Park is a Natural Nature Reserve spanning 450 acres (1.8 km2) in the county of Nottinghamshire only 17 miles (27 km) north of Nottingham. This grand forest has been a part of great history for centuries, showing evidence of use by prehistoric hunters and gatherers. It is even said that the legendary Robin Hood of the 1200s has set foot here and hid near the Major Oak, referred to as the 1,000-year-old giant tree.[117] Today, Sherwood Forest Visitor Centre & Nature Reserve is internationally recognised, with annual visitors reaching around 350,000.[118]

Each February Nottingham celebrates Light Night, with dozens of free creative events illuminating the city. The city has also hosted the Nottingham Cave Festival, Nottingham Puppet Festival, The Nottingham Festival of Science and Curiosity, plus a series of outdoor film and theatre performances at historical locations throughout the summer.

In February 2008, a Ferris wheel was put up in the Old Market Square. The wheel returned to Nottingham in February 2009 to mark another night of lights, activities, illuminations and entertainment. Initially marketed as the Nottingham Eye, it was later redubbed as the Nottingham Wheel, to avoid any association with the London Eye.[119]

Sport edit

Main article: Sport in Nottingham

Football edit

 
Meadow Lane (left) and the City Ground (right) either side of the River Trent, the two closest professional football grounds in England

Nottingham is home to two professional football clubs: EFL League Two club Notts County and Premier League club Nottingham Forest. Their two football grounds, facing each other on opposite sides of the River Trent, are noted for geographically being the closest in English league football. Notts County, formed in 1862, is the oldest professional football club in the world.[120] It was also among the Football League's founder members in 1888. For most of its history the team have played their home games at Meadow Lane, which currently holds some 20,000 spectators, all seated. They currently play in League Two of the English Football League (most recently played at Level 1 in May 1992).[121] Nottingham Forest, who currently play in the Premier League, were Division One English League champions in 1978 and won the European Cup twice over the next two seasons under the management of Brian Clough, who was the club's manager from January 1975 to May 1993, leading them to four Football League Cup triumphs in that time. They have played at the City Ground, on the south bank of the River Trent, since 1898. Nottingham Forest joined the Football League in 1892, four years after its inception when it merged with the rival Football Alliance, and 100 years later, they were among the FA Premier League's founder members in 1992—though they had not played top division football from May 1999 until their promotion from the Level 2 EFL Championship in the 2021/2022 season, 23 years later.[122][123] The City Ground played host to group stage games in the 1996 European Football Championships.[124]

Nottingham won the title of 2015 City of Football after five months of campaigning, which resulted in £1.6m in funding for local football ventures and to encourage more people to play the sport.[125] Nottingham was selected to be a host city for the England 2018 FIFA World Cup bid.[126] It was proposed that if the bid were successful, the city would have received a new Nottingham Forest Stadium.[127]

Other sports edit

Nottinghamshire County Cricket Club is based at Trent Bridge, a test cricket ground that was one of the venues for the 2009 ICC World Twenty20 tournament. Nottinghamshire won the 2010 County Championship.

The rugby union team, Nottingham R.F.C., competes in the RFU Championship, playing their home games at the Nottinghamshire Sports Club in the Lady Bay area of the city. The Nottingham Outlaws are an amateur rugby league team that plays in the Yorkshire Men's League. The Nottingham Caesars are the city's American football club, playing their games at the Harvey Hadden Stadium in the Bilborough area of Nottingham.

The city was the birthplace and training location for Torvill and Dean, who won gold medals in ice dance at the 1984 Sarajevo Olympics. The National Ice Centre, which first opened in 2000, is the home base of the Nottingham Panthers ice hockey team, and hosts an array of winter sporting events including the UK Speed Skating Championships. The plaza at the front of the ice centre is named "Bolero Square" after Torvill and Dean's gold medal-winning performance.

Other sporting events in the city include the annual Nottingham Trophy tennis tournament (staged at the Nottingham Tennis Centre), the "Robin Hood" Marathon, the Milk Race, the Great Nottinghamshire Bike Ride,[128] and the Outlaw Triathlon.[129]

Nottingham has two roller derby leagues: Nottingham Roller Derby (formerly Nottingham Roller Girls, formed 2010, and home to the Super Smash Brollers from 2013-2020)[130][131] and East Midlands Open Roller Derby (formed 2020, after the Super Smash Brollers team left the Nottingham Roller Derby banner to become a new, standalone league).[132] The Nottingham Hellfire Harlots were a WTFDA-ranked league from 2010-2023.[133] They announced their disbanding on 3 August 2023, citing the difficulties with continuing to run a grassroots sports team.[134]

In October 2015, Nottingham was named as the official Home of Sport by VisitEngland,[135][136] for its sporting contributions and in recognition of its development of football, cricket, ice hockey, boxing, tennis, athletics, gymnastics, and water sports.

Transport edit

Main article: Transport in Nottingham

Air edit

Nottingham is served by East Midlands Airport (formerly known as Nottingham East Midlands Airport, until it reverted to its original name), near Castle Donington in north-west Leicestershire, just less than 15 miles (24 km) south-west of the city centre.

Trams edit

 
The NET tram network

The reintroduction of trams in 2004 made Nottingham one of only nine English cities to have a light rail system.[137] Services ran from the city centre to Hucknall in the north, with a spur to the Phoenix Park park and ride, close to junction 26 of the M1.

 
Nottingham Express Transit trams

Two additional lines opened in 2015, extending the network to the southern suburbs of Wilford and Clifton and the western suburbs of Beeston and Chilwell.[138]

Railways edit

 
Nottingham railway station

Nottingham railway station, formerly Nottingham Midland, provides access to rail services for the city; trains are operated by CrossCountry, East Midlands Railway and Northern. It is the only remaining station in the city centre and is the second-busiest railway station in the Midlands for passenger entries and exits.[139]

Nottingham was an important interchange for many railways and mineral lines which served the city, its suburbs and the collieries around the city. The city once had five other railway stations:

  • Nottingham Carrington Street was the first station opened in Nottingham on the former Midland Counties Railway. It was opened in 1839, before closing in 1848 to passengers after the opening of Nottingham Midland station. The site is now under Nottingham Magistrates' Court.
  • Nottingham Victoria which was the second largest station in the city. Owned jointly by the Great Central Railway and Great Northern Railway. It closed in 1967, after declining usage and the station buildings were demolished. The site is now the Victoria Centre shopping centre. The clock tower is still in situ and the cutting is under the shopping centre at the lower level including the old Mansfield Road Railway Tunnel.
  • Nottingham Arkwright Street was originally the second station in Nottingham, near to Nottingham Midland. It was originally only to be opened temporarily but was kept open until 1963, when it was closed. It reopened briefly in 1967 as the terminus of a skeleton service from Nottingham to Leicester and Rugby, only to be closed in 1969. The site is now buried under a road alignment, tram tracks and industrial buildings.
  • Nottingham London Road Low and High Level was located directly north-east of Nottingham Midland and the low-level platforms were closed to passengers in 1944. The high-level platforms were closed in 1967. Goods services continued to serve the station until 1972 when the rails were removed. The station is still in situ and is now used for retail.
  • Nottingham Racecourse was located near Nottingham Racecourse and was a minor station on the line between Nottingham and Grantham. The station closed in 1959 and the line is still in use. Nothing remains of the station.

Buses edit

Nottingham is served by a municipal bus company, Nottingham City Transport (NCT), which is the biggest transport operator in the city with 330 buses.[18] NCT has won five UK Bus Operator of the Year awards, most recently in 2019.[140] The former Broadmarsh shopping centre and multi-storey car park was demolished in the early 2020s; the car park was rebuilt to include a bus station and library, while the centre was demolished and plans to be landscaped into an urban park.[141]

Roads edit

In April 2012, Nottingham became the first city in the UK to introduce a workplace parking levy.[142] The levy charges businesses £350 on each parking space made available to their employees, provided that the business has more than ten such parking spaces. The council have used the revenue of around £10 million a year to develop the city's tram system.[143] There has been a 9% reduction in traffic and 15% increase in public transport use since the introduction of the levy.[144]

In September 2010, Nottingham was named England's least car-dependent city by the Campaign for Better Transport with London and Manchester in second and fourth place, respectively.[145]

Scooter hire edit

 
Scooters for hire in Los Angeles, U.S.

Nottingham was one of several trial locations arranged by the Department for Transport to facilitate local journeys by electric scooters. Started in October 2020 together with Derby City Council, in December 2023 the trial was extended until 2026. Riders must be 18 years of age minimum, hold a full provisional driving licence, must ride on roads and bus lanes only, not pedestrian footways, and pay by mobile-phone app.[146]

In late December 2023, the partner-business, US-based Superpedestrian, planned to cease trading by 31 December, and the scooters were withdrawn from their city centre locations.[147] Nottingham City Council are to seek a new provider to continue the scheme.

Waterways edit

 
Nottingham Canal

Nottingham's waterways, now primarily used for leisure, were used extensively for transportation in the past.

Public services edit

Emergency edit

See also: Healthcare in Nottinghamshire

Fire and rescue services are provided by Nottinghamshire Fire and Rescue Service, and emergency medical care by East Midlands Ambulance Service, both of which have their headquarters in Nottingham. There are two major National Health Service hospitals in Nottingham, the Queen's Medical Centre (QMC) and Nottingham City Hospital, both managed by the Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust. The QMC is a teaching hospital with close connections to the Medical School at Nottingham University; until 2012, it was the largest hospital in the UK. Nottingham City Hospital includes maternity and neonatal facilities but has no A&E department. Students from the Medical School are attached to most of the departments at City Hospital as part of their clinical training.

Law enforcement is carried out by Nottinghamshire Police, whose headquarters are at Sherwood Lodge in Arnold. The city has a Crown Court and a Magistrates' Court. Laurie Macdonald of Inside One magazine observes that Nottingham's former high crime rate earned it the nickname "Shottingham", but that by 2013 this image was outdated. The article was written in response to a uSwitch survey that had found south Nottinghamshire to be the fourth-best place to live in the UK in terms of living standards. Crime in the city of Nottingham had also fallen by three-quarters since 2007.[148]

Utilities edit

Severn Trent Water is the company responsible for supplying fresh water to households and businesses in Nottingham, as well as the treatment of sewage. Severn Trent took over these services from the City of Nottingham Water Department in 1974.

Nottingham was host to the UK's first and only local authority–owned and not-for-profit energy company, Robin Hood Energy.[149][150] Veolia operates a cogeneration (CHP) plant in Nottingham for generating energy from biomass.[151]

The city has one of the largest district heating schemes in the UK, operated by EnviroEnergy Limited, which is wholly owned by Nottingham City Council. The plant in the city centre supplies heat to 4,600 homes and a wide variety of business premises, including the Concert Hall, the Nottingham Arena, the Victoria Baths, the Broadmarsh Shopping Centre, the Victoria Centre, and others.[152]

Religion edit

 
Nottingham Cathedral
 
Nottingham Cathedral

Historically, the requirement for city status was the presence of an Anglican (Church of England) cathedral; however, Nottingham does not have one of these, having only been designated a city in 1897 in celebration of Queen Victoria's Diamond Jubilee. From around AD 1100, Nottingham was part of the Diocese of Lichfield, controlled as an archdeaconry from Lichfield Cathedral in Staffordshire. In 1837, Nottingham's archdeaconry was placed under the control of the Diocese of Lincoln and, in 1884, it was incorporated into the newly created Diocese of Southwell which it is still part of today. The bishop is based at Southwell Minster, 14 miles (23 km) northeast of the city.

 
St Mary's Church, Nottingham

Although lacking an Anglican cathedral, Nottingham has three notable historic Anglican parish churches, all of which date back to the Middle Ages. The oldest and largest of these is St. Mary the Virgin, situated in the Lace Market. The church dates from the eighth or ninth centuries, but the present structure is at least the third building on the site, dating primarily from 1377 to 1485. A member of the Major Churches Network, St. Mary's is considered the mother church of the city and is used for holding civic services, including the annual welcome to the new Lord Mayor. In the heart of the city is St. Peter's, the oldest building in continuous use in Nottingham, with traces of building dating back to 1180. The third notable Anglican parish church is St. Nicholas', known locally as "St. Nic's", situated on the edge of the city centre in the direction of the castle.

There are various chapels and meeting rooms in Nottingham. Many of the grand buildings have been demolished, including Halifax Place Wesleyan Chapel, but some have been re-used, notably High Pavement Chapel which is now a public house. The city has three Christadelphian meeting halls and is home to the national headquarters of the Congregational Federation.

Nottingham is one of 18 British cities that do not have an Anglican cathedral.[153][154] It is, however, home to the Roman Catholic Cathedral of St. Barnabas, which was designed by Augustus Pugin and consecrated in 1844. It is the cathedral church for the Roman Catholic Diocese of Nottingham.

Today, there are places of worship for all major religions, including Christianity and Islam (with 32 mosques in Nottingham).[155]

Demographics edit

Main article: Demographics of Nottingham
 
Ethnic demography of Nottingham over time
Contemporary and projected population growth in Nottingham
Year 1981 1991 2001 2011 2016 2021 2031
Population 263,581 263,526 266,987 305,680 325,282 323,632 354,000
Source Census[156] ONS[157] ONS[8] ONS Projections[158]

The population of Nottingham is 319,566 (2021).[6] The population of Greater Nottingham is 729,977 (2011) and the Metro population is 1,543,000 (2011). The city of Nottingham has a density of 4,338/km2 (11,240/sq mi). 65.9% are White British, 14.9% Asian, 10% of West Indian origins, 5.9% are of mixed heritages and other groups are 3.3%.[8]

Media edit

Television edit

Main articles: BBC East Midlands and Carlton Studios, Nottingham

The BBC has its East Midlands headquarters in Nottingham on London Road. BBC East Midlands Today is broadcast from the city every weeknight at 6:30 pm.

From 1983 to 2005 Central Television (the ITV region for the east Midlands) had a studio complex on Lenton Lane, producing programmes for various networks and broadcasting regional news. The studios are now a satellite campus of the University of Nottingham, since 2005.

The city was granted permission by Ofcom to establish its own local television station. After a tender process, Confetti College was awarded the licence. The station was declared open by Prince Harry in April 2013 and Notts TV began broadcasting in spring 2014.[159]

Radio edit

In addition to the national commercial and BBC radio stations, the Nottingham area is served by licensed commercial radio stations (though all broadcast to a wider area than the city).

Radio stations include:

The city's two universities both broadcast their own student radio station. Fly FM is based at Nottingham Trent University's city campus and is broadcast online. The station originated in 1996 with its original name of Kick FM.[160] University Radio Nottingham (URN) is broadcast around Nottingham University's main and Sutton Bonington campuses on medium wave (AM), as well as over the internet. URN was founded in 1979 after starting out with a slot on BBC Radio Nottingham in the late 1970s.[161]

Newspapers and magazines edit

Nottingham's main local newspaper, the Nottingham Post, is owned by Local World and is published daily from Monday to Saturday each week.

LeftLion magazine (established 2003) is distributed free of charge across the city, covering Nottingham culture including music, art, theatre, comedy, food and drink.

Student tabloid The Tab also publishes online content and has teams at both universities.[162][163]

Film edit

 
Wollaton Hall was used as Wayne Manor in the Batman film The Dark Knight Rises

Nottingham has been used as a location in many locally, nationally, and internationally produced films. Movies that have been filmed (partly or entirely) in Nottingham include:[164]

International relations edit

See also: List of twin towns and sister cities in the United Kingdom

Nottingham is twinned with the following cities:[165]

Note: Ljubljana, Minsk, and Harare are capital cities. Nottingham ended its relations with Minsk and Krasnodar in March 2022.[172]

Notable people edit

Main article: List of people from Nottingham
See also: Category:People from Nottingham

List of mayors and lord mayors edit

Main article: Lord Mayor of Nottingham

The Sheriff of Nottingham edit

Main articles: Sheriff of Nottingham and Sheriff of Nottingham (position)

See also edit

Notes edit

  1. ^ Weather station is located 5.6 miles (9.0 km) from the Nottingham city centre.
  2. ^ Weather station is located 9.0 miles (14.5 km) from the Nottingham city centre.

References edit

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  2. ^ . Atschool.eduweb.co.uk. Archived from the original on 16 January 2010. Retrieved 13 July 2010.
  3. ^ a b "Nottingham, City of Nottingham". Ordnance Survey. Retrieved 16 January 2024.
  4. ^ "Councillors and Leadership". Nottingham City Council. Retrieved 12 November 2023.
  5. ^ "Mid-Year Population Estimates, UK, June 2021". Office for National Statistics. 21 December 2022. Retrieved 18 October 2023.
  6. ^ a b "Mid-Year Population Estimates, UK, June 2021". Office for National Statistics. 21 December 2022. Retrieved 18 October 2023.
  7. ^ Cooper, Sam (21 February 2023). "Who is the greatest Nottinghamian? Have your say in our poll". NottinghamshireLive. Retrieved 20 February 2024.
  8. ^ a b c d e UK Census (2021). "2021 Census Area Profile – Nottingham Local Authority (E06000018)". Nomis. Office for National Statistics. Retrieved 12 November 2023.
  9. ^ a b Fenton, Trevor (25 April 2023). "Regional gross domestic product: local authorities". Office for National Statistics. Retrieved 2 March 2024.
  10. ^ "UNITED KINGDOM: Urban Areas in England". City Population. from the original on 13 January 2019. Retrieved 31 January 2019.
  11. ^ "Archive:European cities – the EU-OECD functional urban area definition". Eurostat Statistics Explained. Eurostat. from the original on 8 June 2019. Retrieved 14 February 2019.
  12. ^ "Population on 1 January by age groups and sex – functional urban areas". Eurostat – Data Explorer. Eurostat. from the original on 3 September 2015. Retrieved 14 February 2019.
  13. ^ (PDF). Espon.eu. Archived from the original (PDF) on 24 September 2015. Retrieved 9 November 2017.
  14. ^ "Global city GDP 2014". Brookings Institution. Retrieved 9 April 2015.
  15. ^ "GaWC – The World According to GaWC 2020". www.lboro.ac.uk. Retrieved 25 January 2022.
  16. ^ "Nottingham named as 'Home of English Sport'". BBC News. 23 October 2015. from the original on 18 November 2018. Retrieved 21 June 2018.
  17. ^ "Nottingham chosen as first City of Football". BBC News. 16 September 2014. from the original on 19 November 2018. Retrieved 21 June 2018.
  18. ^ a b . Transdev UK. Archived from the original on 4 November 2013. Retrieved 22 February 2014.
  19. ^ Norton, Tom (11 December 2015). . Nottingham Post. Archived from the original on 22 December 2015. Retrieved 7 January 2016.
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Further reading edit

  • Lomax, Scott. Nottingham: The Buried Past of a Historic City Revealed (Pen & Sword, 2013)
  • Mooney, Dave. A-Z of Nottingham: Places-People-History (Amberley, 2022)
  • Richards, Chris. Nottingham Through Time (Amberley, 2008)
  • Trease, Geoffrey. Nottingham. A Biography (Macmillan, 1970)

External links edit

April 10, 2024
nottingham, this, article, about, city, england, other, uses, disambiguation, locally, city, unitary, authority, area, shire, east, midlands, england, located, miles, north, west, london, miles, south, east, sheffield, miles, north, east, birmingham, legendary. This article is about the city in England For other uses see Nottingham disambiguation Nottingham ˈ n ɒ t ɪ ŋ e m NOT ing em locally ˈ n ɒ t n ʊ m is a city and unitary authority area in Nottinghamshire East Midlands England It is located 110 miles 180 km north west of London 33 miles 53 km south east of Sheffield and 45 miles 72 km north east of Birmingham Nottingham is the legendary home of Robin Hood and to the lace making bicycle and tobacco industries The city is also the county town of Nottinghamshire and the settlement was granted its city charter in 1897 as part of Queen Victoria s Diamond Jubilee celebrations NottinghamCity and unitary authorityFrom left to rightTop King StreetUpper the Council House and Wollaton HallLower the castle and Trent BridgeBottom the Roman Catholic cathedral and Robin Hood statueCoat of armsNickname the Queen of the Midlands 1 Motto s Latin Vivit Post Funera Virtus lit Virtue Outlives Death 2 Shown within NottinghamshireCoordinates 52 57 22 N 1 09 04 W 52 9561 N 1 1512 W 52 9561 1 1512 3 OS grid referenceSK 5711 4020 3 Sovereign stateUnited KingdomCountryEnglandRegionEast MidlandsCeremonial countyNottinghamshireSettled6th centuryCity status1897Unitary authority1998Administrative HQLoxley HouseCivic suiteNottingham Council HouseAreas of the city 2011 census BUASD List AspleyBakersfieldBasfordBestwoodBilboroughBroxtoweBulwell Town CarringtonCinderhillCity CentreClifton Village Forest FieldsHighbury ValeHyson GreenLace MarketLentonMapperleyNew BasfordRadfordRise ParkSherwoodSneintonSt Ann sTop ValleyWilfordWollatonGovernment 4 TypeUnitary authority with leader and cabinet BodyNottingham City Council ControlLabour LeaderDavid Mellen L Lord MayorCarole McCulloch Chief ExecutiveMel Barrett House of Commons3 MPs Nadia Whittome L Alex Norris L Lilian Greenwood L Area 5 Total28 81 sq mi 74 61 km2 Rank223rdPopulation 2021 6 Total319 566 Rank39th Density11 090 sq mi 4 283 km2 DemonymNottinghamian 7 Ethnicity 2021 8 Ethnic groupsList 65 9 White14 9 Asian10 0 Black5 9 Mixed3 3 otherReligion 2021 8 ReligionList 41 2 no religion34 7 Christianity12 2 Islam1 7 Hinduism1 3 Sikhism0 5 Buddhism0 3 Judaism0 7 other7 4 not statedTime zoneUTC 0 GMT Summer DST UTC 1 BST Postcode areaNGDialling code0115ISO 3166 codeGB NGMGSS codeE06000018ITL codeTLF14GVA2021 estimate 9 Total 10 8 billion Per capita 33 661GDP nominal 2021 estimate 9 Total 11 8 billion Per capita 36 980Websitenottinghamcity wbr gov wbr ukIn the 2021 Census Nottingham had a reported population of 323 632 8 The wider conurbation which includes many of the city s suburbs has a population of 768 638 10 It is the largest urban area in the East Midlands and the second largest in the Midlands Its Functional Urban Area 11 the largest in the East Midlands has a population of 919 484 12 The population of the Nottingham Derby metropolitan area is estimated to be 1 610 000 13 The metropolitan economy of Nottingham is the seventh largest in the United Kingdom with a GDP of 50 9 billion 2014 14 Aside from Birmingham it is the only city in the Midlands to be ranked as a sufficiency level world city by the Globalization and World Cities Research Network 15 Nottingham is a major sporting centre and in October 2015 was named Home of English Sport 16 The National Ice Centre Holme Pierrepont National Watersports Centre and Trent Bridge international cricket ground are all based in or around the city which is also the home of two professional football teams Notts County recognised as the world s oldest professional league club and Nottingham Forest famously two time winners of the UEFA European Cup under Brian Clough and Peter Taylor in 1979 and 1980 The city has professional rugby ice hockey and cricket teams it also hosts the Aegon Nottingham Open an international tennis tournament on the ATP and WTA tours This accolade came just over a year after Nottingham was named as the UK s first City of Football 17 The city is served by Nottingham railway station and the Nottingham Express Transit tram system its bus company Nottingham City Transport is the largest publicly owned bus network in England 18 In December 2015 Nottingham was named a City of Literature by UNESCO joining a list of 20 Cities of Literature 19 The title reflects Nottingham s literary heritage with Lord Byron D H Lawrence and Alan Sillitoe having links to the city as well as a contemporary literary community a publishing industry and a poetry scene 20 The city is served by three universities the University of Nottingham Nottingham Trent University and the Nottingham campus of the University of Law it hosts the highest concentration of higher education providers in the East Midlands Contents 1 Toponym 2 History 3 Government 3 1 Local government 3 2 UK Parliament 4 Geography 4 1 Within the city 4 2 Around the city 4 3 Climate 5 City centre 5 1 Lace Market 5 2 Public houses 6 Education 6 1 Museums 7 Economy 7 1 Retail 7 2 Enterprise zone 7 3 Creative Quarter 8 Culture 8 1 Art Galleries 8 2 Public Art 8 3 Venues 8 4 Music 8 5 Annual events 8 6 Food and drink 8 7 Tourism 9 Sport 9 1 Football 9 2 Other sports 10 Transport 10 1 Air 10 2 Trams 10 3 Railways 10 4 Buses 10 5 Roads 10 6 Scooter hire 10 7 Waterways 11 Public services 11 1 Emergency 11 2 Utilities 12 Religion 13 Demographics 14 Media 14 1 Television 14 2 Radio 14 3 Newspapers and magazines 14 4 Film 15 International relations 16 Notable people 16 1 List of mayors and lord mayors 16 2 The Sheriff of Nottingham 17 See also 18 Notes 19 References 20 Further reading 21 External linksToponym editThe name of Nottingham is Anglo Saxon in origin A Saxon chieftain named Snot ruled an area known as Snotingaham in Old English 21 the homestead of Snot s people inga the people of ham homestead 22 failed verification Some authors derive Nottingham from Snottenga caves and ham homestead but this has nothing to do with the English form 23 A settlement existed before the arrival of the Anglo Saxons in the early 7th century CE because it is known in the Brythonic as Tig Guocobauc meaning Place of Caves known also as City of Caves In modern Welsh Nottingham is known poetically as Y Tŷ Ogofog and in Irish as Na Tithe Uaimh The Cavey Dwelling 24 History editMain article History of Nottingham See also Timeline of Nottingham nbsp Nottingham CastleNottingham Castle was constructed in 1068 on a sandstone outcrop by the River Leen The early history of Nottingham dates back to 919 A D where King Edward the Elder captured Nottingham to which he built a fortress on the southern bank of the river Trent in 921 A D During the Norman Conquest King William the Conqueror built a castle in Nottingham which was entrusted to William Peverel 25 The Anglo Saxon settlement was originally confined to the area today known as the Lace Market and was surrounded by a substantial defensive ditch and rampart which fell out of use following the Norman Conquest and was filled by the time of the Domesday Book 1086 26 Following the Norman Conquest the Saxon settlement developed into the English Borough of Nottingham and housed a Town Hall and Law Courts A settlement also developed around the castle on the hill opposite and was the French borough supporting the Normans in the castle Eventually the space between was built on as the town grew and the Old Market Square became the focus of Nottingham several centuries later 26 Defences consisted initially of a ditch and bank in the early 12th century The ditch was later widened in the mid 13th century and a stone wall built around much of the perimeter of the town A short length of the wall survives and is visible at the northern end of Maid Marian Way and is protected as a Scheduled Monument 26 nbsp Nottingham CastleOn the return of King Richard the Lionheart from the Crusades in 1194 the castle was occupied by supporters of Prince John including the Sheriff of Nottingham It was besieged by Richard and after a sharp conflict was captured 27 better source needed In the legends of Robin Hood Nottingham Castle is the scene of the final showdown between the Sheriff and the hero outlaw 28 King John of England formerly Prince John visited Nottingham in 1199 and 1202 Later King Henry III of England held a court in Nottingham 25 By the 15th century Nottingham had established itself as a centre of a thriving export trade in religious sculpture made from Nottingham alabaster 29 During the late medieval period Nottingham alabasters were exported as far afield as Iceland and may be one reason why a small number of Icelandic immigrants lived in Nottingham during the 15th century 30 The town became a county corporate in 1449 31 giving it effective self government in the words of the charter for eternity The Castle and Shire Hall were expressly excluded and remained as detached Parishes of Nottinghamshire One of those highly impressed by Nottingham in the late 18th century was the German traveller C P Moritz who wrote in 1782 Of all the towns I have seen outside London Nottingham is the loveliest and neatest Everything had a modern look and a large space in the centre was hardly less handsome than a London square A charming footpath leads over the fields to the highway where a bridge spans the Trent Nottingham with its high houses red roofs and church steeples looks excellent from a distance 32 During the Industrial Revolution much of Nottingham s prosperity was founded on the textile industry in particular the city became an internationally important centre of lace manufacture In 1831 citizens rioted in protest against the Duke of Newcastle s opposition to the Reform Act 1832 setting fire to his residence on the site of Nottingham Castle nbsp Nottingham in 1831In common with the UK textile industry Nottingham s textile sector fell into decline in the decades following the Second World War 33 Little textile manufacture now takes place in Nottingham however many of the former industrial buildings in the Lace Market district have been restored and put to new uses Nottingham was one of the boroughs reformed by the Municipal Corporations Act 1835 and at that time consisted of the parishes of St Mary St Nicholas and St Peter It was expanded in 1877 by adding the parishes of Basford Brewhouse Yard Bulwell Radford Sneinton Standard Hill and parts of the parishes of West Bridgford Carlton Wilford North Wilford In 1889 Nottingham became a county borough under the Local Government Act 1888 City status was awarded as part of the Diamond Jubilee celebrations of Queen Victoria being signified in a letter from the prime minister the Marquess of Salisbury to the mayor dated 18 June 1897 Nottingham was extended in 1933 by adding Bilborough and Wollaton parts of the parishes of Bestwood Park and Colwick and a recently developed part of the Beeston Urban District A further boundary extension was granted in 1951 when Clifton and Wilford south of the River Trent were incorporated into the city 34 35 Demographic evolution of NottinghamYearPop 4th century lt 3710th century lt 1 00011th century1 500YearPop 14th century3 000Early 17th century4 000Late 17th century5 000YearPop 180129 000 181134 000 17 2 182140 000 17 6 183151 000 27 5 184153 000 3 9 185158 000 9 4 186176 000 31 0 YearPop 187187 000 14 5 1881159 000 82 8 1901240 000 50 9 1911260 000 8 3 1921269 000 3 5 1931265 000 1 5 1951306 000 15 5 YearPop 1961312 000 2 0 1971301 000 3 5 1981278 000 7 6 1991273 000 1 8 2001275 000 0 7 2011306 000 11 3 2021324 000 5 9 Electric trams were introduced to the city in 1901 they served the city for 35 years until 1936 Trams were reintroduced after 68 years when a new network opened in 2004 35 In the sporting world Nottingham is home to the world s oldest professional football club Notts County which was formed in 1862 The town s other football club Nottingham Forest had a period of success between 1977 and 1993 under manager Brian Clough winning the First Division four League Cups a UEFA Super Cup and two European Cups 36 During this time Forest signed Trevor Francis Britain s first 1 million footballer who joined the club in February 1979 from Birmingham City 37 The city was the site of race riots in 1958 centred on the St Ann s neighbourhood 38 During the second half of the 20th century Nottingham saw urban growth with the development of new public and private housing estates and new urban centres which have engulfed former rural villages such as Bilborough Wollaton Gedling and Bramcote South of the river there has also been expansion with new areas such as Edwalton and West Bridgford adding to Nottingham s urban sprawl Although this growth slowed towards the end of the century the modern pressures for more affordable and council housing is back on the political agenda and there is now pressure on the green belt which surrounds the city 39 Government editLocal government edit nbsp Nottingham Council HouseNottingham City Council is a unitary authority and is based at Loxley House on Station Street It consists of 55 councillors representing 20 wards who are elected every four years the last elections being held on 2 May 2019 The council is independent of Nottinghamshire County Council but work with them for local developments and other matters Nottingham though remains the county town of Nottinghamshire even though the county hall is in the neighbouring town of West Bridgford where the county council is based nbsp Loxley House NottinghamThe city also has a Lord Mayor who is selected by city councillors from among themselves The position is largely ceremonial but the Lord Mayor also acts as Chair of Full Council meetings The City of Nottingham s boundaries are tightly drawn and exclude several suburbs and towns that are usually considered part of Greater Nottingham Unlike the city these areas are governed by a two tier system of local government Nottinghamshire County Council is based at the county hall It provides the upper tier of local government whilst the lower tier is split into several district or borough councils The County Council are responsible for Health Social Care Education Highways Transport Libraries and Trading Standards whilst the lower tier councils are responsible for local planning neighbourhood services housing licensing environmental health and leisure facilities The towns of Beeston Stapleford and Eastwood are administered by Broxtowe Borough Council Further west still the Nottingham urban district extends into Derbyshire where Ilkeston and Long Eaton are administered by Erewash Borough Council and Ripley by Amber Valley To the north Hucknall is governed by Ashfield District Council while in the east Arnold and Carlton form part of the Borough of Gedling South of the river the town of West Bridgford lies in Rushcliffe as do the outlying villages of Ruddington and Tollerton and the town of Bingham nbsp Map illustrating the boundaries of the city and the wider Greater Nottingham areaUK Parliament edit Nottingham has three UK parliamentary constituency seats within its boundaries Nottingham North has been represented since 2017 by Labour Member of Parliament MP Alex Norris Nottingham East since 2019 by Labour MP Nadia Whittome and Nottingham South since 2010 by Labour MP Lilian Greenwood Each of the outer districts Broxtowe Ashfield Gedling and Rushcliffe are also parliamentary constituencies in their own right although the parliamentary constituency boundaries do not align with the boundaries of the council districts of which they share their name Nottingham East Nottingham North Nottingham SouthNadia Whittome Alex Norris Lilian Greenwood nbsp nbsp nbsp Labour Party Labour Party Labour PartyGeography editFurther information Nottingham and Derby Green Belt nbsp Nottingham from the east c 1695 painted by Jan SiberechtsNottingham is situated on an area of low hills 40 along the lower valley of the River Trent and is surrounded by the Sherwood Forest in the north the Nottinghamshire Derbyshire and Yorkshire Coalfield in the west and the Trent and Belvoir Vales in the east and south Within the city native wildlife includes red fox peregrine falcon and common kingfisher 41 Notable nature reserves around the city include Attenborough Nature Reserve SSSI Sherwood Forest National Nature Reserve Holme Pit SSSI Fairham Brook Local Wildlife Site and Wollaton Park Due to its position as a central city with strong transport links Nottingham has become home to invasive animal and plant species including rose ringed parakeet Japanese knotweed and Himalayan balsam 42 In 2017 it was reported that Nottingham was one of a number of UK cities that broke WHO air pollution guidelines for the maximum concentration of small particulate matter the pollution in part being caused by harmful wood burning stoves 43 Nottingham is bounded by a green belt area provisionally drawn up from the 1950s Completely encircling the city it extends for several miles into the surrounding districts as well as towards Derby Within the city edit Main article List of places in Nottinghamshire nbsp nbsp 2km1 2miles nbsp R i v e r T r e n tG E D L I N G nbsp A S H F I E L D nbsp B R O X T O W E nbsp R U S H C L I F F E nbsp nbsp nbsp Map of Nottingham showing the city boundary Alexandra Park The Arboretum Aspley Bakersfield Basford Beechdale Bestwood Bestwood Park Bilborough Broxtowe Bulwell town Bulwell Hall Carrington Cinderhill Clifton Dunkirk Forest Fields Highbury Vale Hockley Hyson Green Lace Market Lenton Lenton Abbey Mapperley Mapperley Park The Meadows New Basford Nottingham city centre Old Basford The Park Radford Rise Park Sherwood Sherwood Rise Silverdale Snape Wood Sneinton St Anns Strelley Thorneywood Top Valley Whitemoor Wilford Wollaton Around the city edit Arnold Attenborough Beeston Bestwood Village Bingham Bramcote Bulcote Burton Joyce Calverton Carlton Chilwell Colwick Cotgrave Daybrook Eastwood East Leake Edwalton Gamston Gedling Giltbrook Holme Pierrepont Hucknall Ilkeston Derbyshire Keyworth Killisick Kimberley Lady Bay Langley Mill Derbyshire Lambley Long Eaton Derbyshire Lowdham Netherfield Nuthall Radcliffe on Trent Redhill Ruddington Sandiacre Derbyshire Sawley Derbyshire Stapleford Strelley Village Toton Trowell Warren Hill West Bridgford Woodthorpe Climate edit Main article Climate of Nottingham Like most of the United Kingdom Nottingham has a temperate oceanic climate Koppen Cfb and experiences warm mild summers and mild to cool winters with abundant precipitation throughout the year There are two weather reporting stations close to Nottingham the former Nottingham Weather Centre at Watnall about 6 miles 10 km northwest of the city centre and the University of Nottingham s agricultural campus at Sutton Bonington about 10 miles 16 km southwest of the city centre The highest temperature recorded in Nottingham Watnall stands at 39 8 C 103 6 F 44 whilst Sutton Bonington recorded a temperature of 39 4 C 102 9 F 45 both recorded on 19 July 2022 and the record high minimum temperature is 20 3 C 68 5 F 46 recorded on 20 July 2022 On average a temperature of 25 C 77 F or above is recorded on 11 days per year whilst a temperature of 30 C 86 F is recorded at least 1 day per year 47 at Watnall for the period of 1991 2020 and the warmest day of the year reaches an average of 30 0 C 86 0 F 48 For the period 1991 2020 Nottingham Watnall recorded on average 36 9 days of air frost per year 49 and Sutton Bonington 42 2 50 The lowest recorded temperature in Nottingham Watnall is 13 3 C 8 1 F recorded in 23 January 1963 51 and 13 January 1987 52 whilst a temperature of 17 8 C 0 0 F was recorded in Sutton Bonington on 24 February 1947 53 The record low maximum temperature is 6 3 C 20 7 F 54 recorded in January 1963 For the period of 1991 2020 the coldest temperature of the year reaches an average of 5 5 C 22 1 F 55 in Nottingham Watnall Climate data for Nottingham Watnall a WMO ID 03354 coordinates 53 00 20 N 1 15 05 W 53 00558 N 1 25126 W 53 00558 1 25126 Nottingham Watnall elevation 117 m 384 ft 1991 2020 normals extremes 1960 presentMonth Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec YearRecord high C F 14 5 58 1 18 6 65 5 22 8 73 0 25 9 78 6 27 6 81 7 31 2 88 2 39 8 103 6 34 6 94 3 30 8 87 4 28 4 83 1 17 9 64 2 15 0 59 0 39 8 103 6 Mean daily maximum C F 6 9 44 4 7 7 45 9 10 1 50 2 13 2 55 8 16 4 61 5 19 2 66 6 21 5 70 7 21 1 70 0 18 1 64 6 13 9 57 0 9 8 49 6 7 2 45 0 13 8 56 8 Daily mean C F 4 3 39 7 4 7 40 5 6 5 43 7 9 0 48 2 11 9 53 4 14 8 58 6 16 9 62 4 16 7 62 1 14 2 57 6 10 7 51 3 7 0 44 6 4 6 40 3 10 1 50 2 Mean daily minimum C F 1 7 35 1 1 7 35 1 3 0 37 4 4 8 40 6 7 5 45 5 10 4 50 7 12 4 54 3 12 3 54 1 10 2 50 4 7 4 45 3 4 2 39 6 2 0 35 6 6 5 43 7 Record low C F 13 3 8 1 11 1 12 0 10 6 12 9 4 6 23 7 2 1 28 2 1 0 33 8 4 4 39 9 4 5 40 1 0 9 33 6 3 1 26 4 9 2 15 4 12 0 10 4 13 3 8 1 Average precipitation mm inches 59 1 2 33 49 8 1 96 45 5 1 79 47 6 1 87 49 8 1 96 66 7 2 63 65 2 2 57 63 7 2 51 57 4 2 26 71 7 2 82 69 5 2 74 69 6 2 74 715 6 28 17 Average snowfall mm inches 10 0 4 19 0 7 5 0 2 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 0 1 5 0 2 42 1 6 Average precipitation days 1 0 mm 11 6 10 9 10 1 9 4 9 0 9 8 9 4 9 5 9 8 11 2 12 7 12 3 125 9Average snowy days 2 7 3 8 1 3 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3 1 5 9 8Average relative humidity 89 86 82 81 81 83 79 78 81 85 88 90 84Average dew point C F 2 36 2 36 2 36 5 41 7 45 10 50 12 54 12 54 11 52 9 48 5 41 3 37 7 44 Mean monthly sunshine hours 56 0 77 7 116 2 152 3 191 5 170 5 191 5 177 6 137 5 96 9 64 1 55 3 1 487Mean daily daylight hours 8 2 9 9 11 9 14 0 15 9 16 8 16 3 14 7 12 7 10 6 8 7 7 7 12 3Average ultraviolet index 2 2 3 3 4 4 4 4 4 3 2 2 3Source 1 Met Office 56 ECA amp D 57 Source 2 WeatherAtlas 58 Time and Date dew point 2005 2015 59 Climate data for Sutton Bonington b WMO ID 99025 coordinates 52 50 11 N 1 15 04 W 52 83651 N 1 25118 W 52 83651 1 25118 Met Office Sutton Bonington elevation 48 m 157 ft 1991 2020 normals extremes 1924 presentMonth Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec YearRecord high C F 15 8 60 4 17 9 64 2 22 9 73 2 26 5 79 7 30 0 86 0 32 2 90 0 39 4 102 9 34 8 94 6 30 9 87 6 28 8 83 8 20 0 68 0 15 9 60 6 39 4 102 9 Mean daily maximum C F 7 5 45 5 8 1 46 6 10 5 50 9 13 6 56 5 16 7 62 1 19 6 67 3 22 0 71 6 21 8 71 2 18 7 65 7 14 5 58 1 10 4 50 7 7 8 46 0 14 3 57 7 Daily mean C F 4 7 40 5 5 0 41 0 6 8 44 2 9 1 48 4 11 9 53 4 14 9 58 8 17 1 62 8 17 0 62 6 14 4 57 9 11 0 51 8 7 4 45 3 4 9 40 8 10 3 50 5 Mean daily minimum C F 1 9 35 4 1 9 35 4 3 0 37 4 4 6 40 3 7 2 45 0 10 1 50 2 12 1 53 8 12 2 54 0 10 1 50 2 7 5 45 5 4 4 39 9 2 1 35 8 6 5 43 7 Record low C F 16 7 1 9 17 8 0 0 13 3 8 1 6 7 19 9 4 4 24 1 1 1 30 0 1 7 35 1 1 1 34 0 1 8 28 8 6 7 19 9 9 9 14 2 15 3 4 5 17 8 0 0 Average precipitation mm inches 50 7 2 00 41 2 1 62 40 6 1 60 44 3 1 74 46 3 1 82 63 7 2 51 61 8 2 43 54 6 2 15 49 2 1 94 62 7 2 47 56 9 2 24 58 1 2 29 630 0 24 80 Average precipitation days 1 0 mm 10 9 9 6 9 6 9 6 8 9 9 5 9 6 8 6 8 9 10 4 11 0 11 7 118 3Mean monthly sunshine hours 51 6 76 1 115 6 152 0 182 9 161 8 190 1 175 6 136 7 100 8 61 5 47 7 1 452 4Source 1 Met Office 60 Source 2 Starlings Roost Weather 61 62 City centre editSee also Nottingham city centre The city centre of Nottingham is usually defined as the Old Market Square The square is dominated by the Council House which was built in the 1920s to replace the Nottingham Exchange The Council House has baroque columns and two stone lion statues in the front to stand watch over the square The Exchange Arcade on the ground floor is a shopping centre nbsp Nottingham Trent University Arkwright BuildingTall office buildings line Maid Marian Way The Georgian area around Oxford and Regent Streets is dominated by small professional firms The Albert Hall faces the Gothic revival St Barnabas Roman Catholic Cathedral by Pugin Nottingham Castle and its grounds are located further south in the western third of the city The central third descends from the university district in the north past Nottingham Trent University s Gothic revival Arkwright Building The university also owns many other buildings in this area The Theatre Royal on Theatre Square with its pillared facade was built in 1865 King and Queen Streets are home to striking Victorian buildings designed by such architects as Alfred Waterhouse and Watson Fothergill 63 The Canal side to the south of the city is adjacent to Nottingham railway station and home to multiple repurposed as bars and restaurants 19th century industrial buildings citation needed nbsp King Street NottinghamThe eastern third of the city contains Hockley Village with specialist and independent shops The Victoria Centre is also in the area it was built in the 1970s on the demolished Victoria railway station site All that remains of the old station is the station hotel and clock tower The 250 foot high Victoria Centre flats stand above the shopping centre and are the tallest buildings in the city Lace Market edit nbsp National Justice Museum in the Lace MarketThe Lace Market area just south of Hockley has streets with four to seven storey red brick warehouses iron railings and red phone boxes Many of the buildings have been converted into apartments bars and restaurants The largest building in the Lace Market is the Adams Building built by Thomas Chambers Hine for Thomas Adams 1807 1873 and currently used by Nottingham College The Georgian built Shire Hall which was once Nottingham s main court and prison building is now home to the National Justice Museum formerly the Galleries of Justice Public houses edit Ye Olde Trip To Jerusalem the Trip partially built into the cave system beneath Nottingham Castle is a contender for the title of England s Oldest Pub as it is supposed to have been established in 1189 64 nbsp Ye Olde Trip to JerusalemThe Bell Inn in the Old Market Square and Ye Olde Salutation Inn the Salutation in Maid Marian Way have both disputed this claim The Trip s current timber building probably dates back to the 17th or 18th century but the caves are certainly older and may have been used to store beer and water for the castle during medieval times There are also caves beneath the Salutation that date back to the medieval period although they are no longer used as beer cellars The Bell Inn is probably the oldest of the three pub buildings still standing according to dendrochronology and has medieval cellars that are still used to store beer 65 Education edit nbsp Nottingham High SchoolSee also Education in Nottingham and List of schools in Nottingham Almost 62 000 students attend the city s three universities Nottingham Trent University the University of Law and the University of Nottingham in the 2016 17 academic year Trent University was attended by 29 370 students and Nottingham University by 32 515 66 The University of Nottingham Medical School is part of the Queen s Medical Centre 67 nbsp The Trent Building University of NottinghamThere are three colleges of further education located in Nottingham Bilborough College is solely a sixth form college Nottingham College was formed in 2017 by the amalgamation of Central College Nottingham and New College Nottingham which had both previously formed from the merger of smaller FE colleges and the Confetti Institute of Creative Technologies owned by Nottingham Trent University is a further education college that specialises in media 68 The city has dozens of sixth form colleges and academies providing education and training for adults aged over sixteen 69 Nottingham also has a number of independent schools The city s oldest educational establishment is Nottingham High School which was founded in 1513 70 71 Museums edit The city contains several notable museums including National Justice Museum Museum of Law Crime and Punishment through the ages based at the Shire Hall in the Lace Market City of Caves A visitor attraction consisting of a network of man made caves carved out of sandstone beneath the Broadmarsh nbsp City of CavesGreen s Mill Sneinton and Science Centre A unique working windmill in the heart of the city that was home to the 19th century mathematical physicist and miller George Green William Booth Birthplace Museum also in Sneinton birthplace of William Booth co founder of the Salvation Army open by appointment 72 nbsp Green s Mill SneintonNottingham Castle Museum Home to the city s fine and decorative art collections along with the Story of Nottingham galleries and the Sherwood Foresters Regimental Museum Nottingham Industrial Museum Housed in Wollaton Park collections relating to textiles transport communications mining and steam Nottingham Natural History Museum Based at Wollaton Hall contains zoology geology and botany collections In 2015 the National Videogame Arcade was opened in the Hockley area of the city being the UK s first cultural centre for videogames 73 It was announced in June 2018 that the arcade was soon to close and relocate to Sheffield city centre 74 where it reopened in November 2018 as the National Videogame Museum 75 Economy edit nbsp Formerly part of the HM Revenue amp Customs Castle Meadow Campus in NottinghamNottingham is the East Midlands largest economy 76 The headquarters of several large companies are based in the city these include Alliance Boots formerly Boots the Chemists Chinook Sciences GM cricket bats Pedigree Petfoods VF Corporation American clothing Changan Automobile Chinese made automobiles the credit reference agency Experian energy company E ON Energy UK betting company Gala Bingo amusement and gambling machine manufacturer Bell Fruit Games engineering company Siemens sportswear manufacturers Speedo high street opticians Vision Express and Specsavers games and publishing company Games Workshop PC software developer Serif Europe publisher of PagePlus and other titles web hosting provider Heart Internet the American credit card company Capital One the national law firm Browne Jacobson and Earache Records an independent music company founded by local resident Digby Pearson based on Handel Street in Sneinton Nottingham also has offices of Nottingham Building Society established 1849 HM Revenue amp Customs the Driving Standards Agency Ofsted the Care Quality Commission and BBC East Midlands The schools and aerial photographers H Tempest Ltd were Nottingham based for many years until relocating to St Ives Cornwall January 1959 citation needed Nottingham was named one of the UK s six science cities in 2005 by the then Chancellor of the Exchequer Gordon Brown Among the science based industries within the city is BioCity Founded as a joint venture between Nottingham Trent University and the University of Nottingham it is the UK s biggest bioscience innovation and incubation centre housing around 80 science based companies 77 In 2010 Nottingham City Council announced that the target sectors of their economic development strategy would include low carbon technologies digital media life sciences financial and business services and retail and leisure 78 Economic trends Year Regional GrossValue Added m Agriculture m Industry m Services m 1995 4 149 2 1 292 2 8552000 5 048 1 912 4 1352003 5 796 967 4 828source Office for National StatisticsThe city formerly had a major bicycle manufacturing industry sector Raleigh Bicycle Company was established in 1886 and Sturmey Archer the developer of three speed hub gears was also founded in the city Raleigh s factory on Triumph Road famous as the filming location of Saturday Night and Sunday Morning was demolished in 2003 to make way for the University of Nottingham Jubilee Campus s expansion In 2015 Nottingham was ranked in the top 10 UK cities for job growth from 2004 to 2013 in the public and private sectors 79 and in the same year it was revealed that more new companies were started in Nottingham in 2014 15 than in any other UK city with a 68 year on year increase 80 In 2017 Nottingham came seventh in Harper Dennis Hobbes s Top 50 British Centres behind the West End of London Glasgow Birmingham Manchester Leeds and Liverpool 81 Retail edit nbsp The Exchange Arcade inside the Council HouseThe Bridlesmith Gate area has numerous designer shops one being the original Paul Smith boutique There are various specialist shops and small businesses in side streets and alleys notable streets include Poultry Walk West End Arcade and Hurts Yard and Derby Road the latter once known for antiques Smaller shopping areas in the city are the older Flying Horse Walk The Exchange Arcade Hockley and newer Trinity Square and The Pod nbsp King Street NottinghamNottingham s Victoria Centre is the city s main retail shopping centre it was the first to be built in the city and was developed on the site of the former Nottingham Victoria railway station 82 nbsp Bridlesmith GateEnterprise zone edit In March 2011 the government announced the creation of Nottingham Enterprise Zone an enterprise zone sited on part of the Boots Estate 83 In March 2012 Nottingham Science Park Beeston Business Park and Nottingham Medipark were added to the zone 84 In December 2014 the government announced that the zone would be expanded again to include Infinity Park Derby a planned business park for aerospace rail and automotive technology adjacent to the Rolls Royce site in Sinfin Derby 85 Creative Quarter edit The Creative Quarter is a project started by Nottingham City Council as part of the Nottingham City Deal Centred on the east of the city including the Lace Market Hockley Broadmarsh East the Island site and BioCity the project aims at creating growth and jobs In July 2012 the government contributed 25 million towards a 45 million venture capital fund mainly targeted at the Creative Quarter 86 Culture editArt Galleries edit Galleries include Nottingham Contemporary art centre in the Lace Market opened in 2009 and New Art Exchange contemporary art gallery the largest in the UK dedicated to showing diverse artists opened in 2008 Public Art edit Main article List of public art in Nottingham Nottingham has a range of public artworks across the city largely from the twentieth century These include traditional statues such as Robin Hood by James Woodford and Lee Johnson s statue of Brian Clough Contemporary artwork includes Anish Kapoors Sky Mirror at Nottingham Playhouse and Aspire by Ken Shuttleworth at the University of Nottingham In 2018 the site of Lenton Priory was declared a sculpture park and three new artworks commissioned on the site These include Lenton Priory Stone by James Winnet 87 based the carvings on the 12th century Norman baptismal font from the Priory and the Lenton Priory Pilllars by Adrian Riley citation needed Venues edit Nottingham has two large capacity theatres the Nottingham Playhouse and the Theatre Royal which together with the neighbouring Royal Concert Hall forms the Royal Centre The city also contains smaller theatre venues such as the Nottingham Arts Theatre the Lace Market Theatre New Theatre and Nonsuch Studios nbsp Theatre Royal NottinghamThere is a Cineworld and a Showcase in the city Independent cinemas include the Arthouse Broadway Cinema in Hockley 88 and the four screen Art Deco Savoy Cinema 89 nbsp The Albert Hall Nottingham one of the city s music venuesNottingham has several large music and entertainment venues including the Royal Concert Hall Rock City Nottingham Royal Concert Hall 2 500 capacity and the Nottingham Arena Social centre Nottingham s City Ground played host to rock band R E M with Idlewild and The Zutons supporting in 2005 the first time a concert had been staged at the football stadium 90 Nottingham also has a selection of smaller venues including the Albert Hall 800 capacity Ye Olde Salutation Inn Malt Cross Rescue Rooms the Bodega the Old Angel the Central the Chameleon and the Corner Music edit 1960s blues rock band Ten Years After formed in Nottingham as did the 1970s pop act Paper Lace the critically acclaimed Tindersticks electronic music groups Stereo MC s Bent and Crazy P as well as influential folk singer Anne Briggs Since the beginning of the 2010s the city has produced a number of artists to gain media attention including Sleaford Mods Jake Bugg London Grammar Indiana Bru C Natalie Duncan Dog Is Dead Saint Raymond Childhood Kagoule Rue Royale Spotlight Kid and Amber Run Nottingham is home to Earache Records a large independent record label setup in Nottingham in 1986 and famously home to Napalm Death Carcass Entombed Rival Sons and more The city has an active classical music scene with long established ensembles such as the city s Symphony Orchestra Philharmonic Orchestra Nottingham Harmonic Society Bach Choir Early Music Group Musica Donum Dei and the Symphonic Wind Orchestra giving regular performances in the city citation needed The Sumac Centre is a social centre in Forest Fields Nottingham is known for its hip hop scene 91 Rofl Audio Recording Studios opened in 2013 92 on the site of a former square known as Milk Square which was known to have hosted musicians bands and orchestras in the 1800s 93 94 Since opening the studios have hosted musicians and actors from various places including involvement in Hollywood films 95 and British rock band Spiritualized s album And Nothing Hurt 96 The studios are a base for rapper and producer Sway Dasafo s New Reign Productions 97 and Jake Bugg s manager Jason Hart 98 The rock band Church of the Cosmic Skull are from Nottingham 99 100 Annual events edit Wollaton Park in Nottingham hosts an annual family friendly music event called Splendour In 2009 it was headlined by Madness and the Pogues The following year it was headlined by the Pet Shop Boys and featured among others Calvin Harris Noisettes Athlete and OK Go 101 In 2011 it featured headline acts Scissor Sisters Blondie Eliza Doolittle and Feeder In 2012 performers included Dizzee Rascal Razorlight Katy B and Hard Fi In 2014 Wollaton Park hosted the first ever No Tomorrow Festival featuring the likes of Sam Smith London Grammar and Clean Bandit 102 nbsp Wollaton Hall in the grounds of Wollaton ParkNottingham holds several multicultural events throughout the year The city has hosted an annual Asian Mela every summer since about 1989 103 there is a parade on St Patrick s Day 104 fireworks for the Chinese New Year Holi in the Park to celebrate the Hindu spring festival 105 106 a West Indian style carnival and several Sikh events 107 The city is particularly famous for its annual Goose Fair a large travelling funfair held at the Forest Recreation Ground at the beginning of October every year Established over 700 years ago the fair was originally a livestock market where thousands of geese were sold in the Old Market Square but the modern day Goose Fair is known for its fairground rides and attractions 108 nbsp Nottingham Goose FairSince the late 1990s Nottinghamshire Pride has organised an annual pride parade a day long celebration that usually takes place in the city in July 109 Food and drink edit This section needs expansion You can help by adding to it August 2020 There are more than three hundred restaurants in Nottingham with several AA Rosette winners as of 2018 update 110 City centre restaurant Iberico World Tapas was awarded a Bib Gourmand in the 2013 Michelin Guide 111 There are also two Michelin starred restaurants Alchemilla in the city centre has one star and Restaurant Sat Bains with Rooms on the edge of the city near Clifton Bridge has two Michelin stars 112 There were five other Nottingham restaurants recommended in the Michelin Guide in 2020 112 Tourism edit nbsp Ferris wheel in Old Market SquareIn 2010 Nottingham was named as one of the Top 10 Cities to Visit in 2010 by DK Travel 113 Nottingham was ranked number one for the Best Value City Break in August 2017 by TripAdvisor 114 According to the Scarborough Tourism Economic Activity Monitor STEAM report tourism in Nottingham city was valued at 628 million in 2017 an increase of 4 1 over the 2016 figure of 604 million 115 Many local businesses and organisations use the worldwide fame of Robin Hood to represent or promote their brands The Robin Hood Pageant takes place in Nottingham each year and has been rebranded Robin Hood Live for 2020 The city is home to the Nottingham Robin Hood Society founded in 1972 by Jim Lees and Steve and Ewa Theresa West 116 Sherwood Forest County Park is a Natural Nature Reserve spanning 450 acres 1 8 km2 in the county of Nottinghamshire only 17 miles 27 km north of Nottingham This grand forest has been a part of great history for centuries showing evidence of use by prehistoric hunters and gatherers It is even said that the legendary Robin Hood of the 1200s has set foot here and hid near the Major Oak referred to as the 1 000 year old giant tree 117 Today Sherwood Forest Visitor Centre amp Nature Reserve is internationally recognised with annual visitors reaching around 350 000 118 Each February Nottingham celebrates Light Night with dozens of free creative events illuminating the city The city has also hosted the Nottingham Cave Festival Nottingham Puppet Festival The Nottingham Festival of Science and Curiosity plus a series of outdoor film and theatre performances at historical locations throughout the summer In February 2008 a Ferris wheel was put up in the Old Market Square The wheel returned to Nottingham in February 2009 to mark another night of lights activities illuminations and entertainment Initially marketed as the Nottingham Eye it was later redubbed as the Nottingham Wheel to avoid any association with the London Eye 119 Sport editMain article Sport in Nottingham Football edit nbsp Meadow Lane left and the City Ground right either side of the River Trent the two closest professional football grounds in EnglandNottingham is home to two professional football clubs EFL League Two club Notts County and Premier League club Nottingham Forest Their two football grounds facing each other on opposite sides of the River Trent are noted for geographically being the closest in English league football Notts County formed in 1862 is the oldest professional football club in the world 120 It was also among the Football League s founder members in 1888 For most of its history the team have played their home games at Meadow Lane which currently holds some 20 000 spectators all seated They currently play in League Two of the English Football League most recently played at Level 1 in May 1992 121 Nottingham Forest who currently play in the Premier League were Division One English League champions in 1978 and won the European Cup twice over the next two seasons under the management of Brian Clough who was the club s manager from January 1975 to May 1993 leading them to four Football League Cup triumphs in that time They have played at the City Ground on the south bank of the River Trent since 1898 Nottingham Forest joined the Football League in 1892 four years after its inception when it merged with the rival Football Alliance and 100 years later they were among the FA Premier League s founder members in 1992 though they had not played top division football from May 1999 until their promotion from the Level 2 EFL Championship in the 2021 2022 season 23 years later 122 123 The City Ground played host to group stage games in the 1996 European Football Championships 124 Nottingham won the title of 2015 City of Football after five months of campaigning which resulted in 1 6m in funding for local football ventures and to encourage more people to play the sport 125 Nottingham was selected to be a host city for the England 2018 FIFA World Cup bid 126 It was proposed that if the bid were successful the city would have received a new Nottingham Forest Stadium 127 Other sports edit Nottinghamshire County Cricket Club is based at Trent Bridge a test cricket ground that was one of the venues for the 2009 ICC World Twenty20 tournament Nottinghamshire won the 2010 County Championship The rugby union team Nottingham R F C competes in the RFU Championship playing their home games at the Nottinghamshire Sports Club in the Lady Bay area of the city The Nottingham Outlaws are an amateur rugby league team that plays in the Yorkshire Men s League The Nottingham Caesars are the city s American football club playing their games at the Harvey Hadden Stadium in the Bilborough area of Nottingham The city was the birthplace and training location for Torvill and Dean who won gold medals in ice dance at the 1984 Sarajevo Olympics The National Ice Centre which first opened in 2000 is the home base of the Nottingham Panthers ice hockey team and hosts an array of winter sporting events including the UK Speed Skating Championships The plaza at the front of the ice centre is named Bolero Square after Torvill and Dean s gold medal winning performance Other sporting events in the city include the annual Nottingham Trophy tennis tournament staged at the Nottingham Tennis Centre the Robin Hood Marathon the Milk Race the Great Nottinghamshire Bike Ride 128 and the Outlaw Triathlon 129 Nottingham has two roller derby leagues Nottingham Roller Derby formerly Nottingham Roller Girls formed 2010 and home to the Super Smash Brollers from 2013 2020 130 131 and East Midlands Open Roller Derby formed 2020 after the Super Smash Brollers team left the Nottingham Roller Derby banner to become a new standalone league 132 The Nottingham Hellfire Harlots were a WTFDA ranked league from 2010 2023 133 They announced their disbanding on 3 August 2023 citing the difficulties with continuing to run a grassroots sports team 134 In October 2015 Nottingham was named as the official Home of Sport by VisitEngland 135 136 for its sporting contributions and in recognition of its development of football cricket ice hockey boxing tennis athletics gymnastics and water sports Transport editMain article Transport in Nottingham Air edit Nottingham is served by East Midlands Airport formerly known as Nottingham East Midlands Airport until it reverted to its original name near Castle Donington in north west Leicestershire just less than 15 miles 24 km south west of the city centre Trams edit nbsp The NET tram networkThe reintroduction of trams in 2004 made Nottingham one of only nine English cities to have a light rail system 137 Services ran from the city centre to Hucknall in the north with a spur to the Phoenix Park park and ride close to junction 26 of the M1 nbsp Nottingham Express Transit tramsTwo additional lines opened in 2015 extending the network to the southern suburbs of Wilford and Clifton and the western suburbs of Beeston and Chilwell 138 Railways edit nbsp Nottingham railway stationNottingham railway station formerly Nottingham Midland provides access to rail services for the city trains are operated by CrossCountry East Midlands Railway and Northern It is the only remaining station in the city centre and is the second busiest railway station in the Midlands for passenger entries and exits 139 Nottingham was an important interchange for many railways and mineral lines which served the city its suburbs and the collieries around the city The city once had five other railway stations Nottingham Carrington Street was the first station opened in Nottingham on the former Midland Counties Railway It was opened in 1839 before closing in 1848 to passengers after the opening of Nottingham Midland station The site is now under Nottingham Magistrates Court Nottingham Victoria which was the second largest station in the city Owned jointly by the Great Central Railway and Great Northern Railway It closed in 1967 after declining usage and the station buildings were demolished The site is now the Victoria Centre shopping centre The clock tower is still in situ and the cutting is under the shopping centre at the lower level including the old Mansfield Road Railway Tunnel Nottingham Arkwright Street was originally the second station in Nottingham near to Nottingham Midland It was originally only to be opened temporarily but was kept open until 1963 when it was closed It reopened briefly in 1967 as the terminus of a skeleton service from Nottingham to Leicester and Rugby only to be closed in 1969 The site is now buried under a road alignment tram tracks and industrial buildings Nottingham London Road Low and High Level was located directly north east of Nottingham Midland and the low level platforms were closed to passengers in 1944 The high level platforms were closed in 1967 Goods services continued to serve the station until 1972 when the rails were removed The station is still in situ and is now used for retail Nottingham Racecourse was located near Nottingham Racecourse and was a minor station on the line between Nottingham and Grantham The station closed in 1959 and the line is still in use Nothing remains of the station Buses edit Nottingham is served by a municipal bus company Nottingham City Transport NCT which is the biggest transport operator in the city with 330 buses 18 NCT has won five UK Bus Operator of the Year awards most recently in 2019 140 The former Broadmarsh shopping centre and multi storey car park was demolished in the early 2020s the car park was rebuilt to include a bus station and library while the centre was demolished and plans to be landscaped into an urban park 141 Roads edit In April 2012 Nottingham became the first city in the UK to introduce a workplace parking levy 142 The levy charges businesses 350 on each parking space made available to their employees provided that the business has more than ten such parking spaces The council have used the revenue of around 10 million a year to develop the city s tram system 143 There has been a 9 reduction in traffic and 15 increase in public transport use since the introduction of the levy 144 In September 2010 Nottingham was named England s least car dependent city by the Campaign for Better Transport with London and Manchester in second and fourth place respectively 145 Scooter hire edit nbsp Scooters for hire in Los Angeles U S Nottingham was one of several trial locations arranged by the Department for Transport to facilitate local journeys by electric scooters Started in October 2020 together with Derby City Council in December 2023 the trial was extended until 2026 Riders must be 18 years of age minimum hold a full provisional driving licence must ride on roads and bus lanes only not pedestrian footways and pay by mobile phone app 146 In late December 2023 the partner business US based Superpedestrian planned to cease trading by 31 December and the scooters were withdrawn from their city centre locations 147 Nottingham City Council are to seek a new provider to continue the scheme Waterways edit nbsp Nottingham CanalNottingham s waterways now primarily used for leisure were used extensively for transportation in the past Public services editEmergency edit See also Healthcare in Nottinghamshire Fire and rescue services are provided by Nottinghamshire Fire and Rescue Service and emergency medical care by East Midlands Ambulance Service both of which have their headquarters in Nottingham There are two major National Health Service hospitals in Nottingham the Queen s Medical Centre QMC and Nottingham City Hospital both managed by the Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust The QMC is a teaching hospital with close connections to the Medical School at Nottingham University until 2012 it was the largest hospital in the UK Nottingham City Hospital includes maternity and neonatal facilities but has no A amp E department Students from the Medical School are attached to most of the departments at City Hospital as part of their clinical training Law enforcement is carried out by Nottinghamshire Police whose headquarters are at Sherwood Lodge in Arnold The city has a Crown Court and a Magistrates Court Laurie Macdonald of Inside One magazine observes that Nottingham s former high crime rate earned it the nickname Shottingham but that by 2013 this image was outdated The article was written in response to a uSwitch survey that had found south Nottinghamshire to be the fourth best place to live in the UK in terms of living standards Crime in the city of Nottingham had also fallen by three quarters since 2007 148 Utilities edit Severn Trent Water is the company responsible for supplying fresh water to households and businesses in Nottingham as well as the treatment of sewage Severn Trent took over these services from the City of Nottingham Water Department in 1974 Nottingham was host to the UK s first and only local authority owned and not for profit energy company Robin Hood Energy 149 150 Veolia operates a cogeneration CHP plant in Nottingham for generating energy from biomass 151 The city has one of the largest district heating schemes in the UK operated by EnviroEnergy Limited which is wholly owned by Nottingham City Council The plant in the city centre supplies heat to 4 600 homes and a wide variety of business premises including the Concert Hall the Nottingham Arena the Victoria Baths the Broadmarsh Shopping Centre the Victoria Centre and others 152 Religion edit nbsp Nottingham Cathedral nbsp Nottingham CathedralHistorically the requirement for city status was the presence of an Anglican Church of England cathedral however Nottingham does not have one of these having only been designated a city in 1897 in celebration of Queen Victoria s Diamond Jubilee From around AD 1100 Nottingham was part of the Diocese of Lichfield controlled as an archdeaconry from Lichfield Cathedral in Staffordshire In 1837 Nottingham s archdeaconry was placed under the control of the Diocese of Lincoln and in 1884 it was incorporated into the newly created Diocese of Southwell which it is still part of today The bishop is based at Southwell Minster 14 miles 23 km northeast of the city nbsp St Mary s Church NottinghamAlthough lacking an Anglican cathedral Nottingham has three notable historic Anglican parish churches all of which date back to the Middle Ages The oldest and largest of these is St Mary the Virgin situated in the Lace Market The church dates from the eighth or ninth centuries but the present structure is at least the third building on the site dating primarily from 1377 to 1485 A member of the Major Churches Network St Mary s is considered the mother church of the city and is used for holding civic services including the annual welcome to the new Lord Mayor In the heart of the city is St Peter s the oldest building in continuous use in Nottingham with traces of building dating back to 1180 The third notable Anglican parish church is St Nicholas known locally as St Nic s situated on the edge of the city centre in the direction of the castle There are various chapels and meeting rooms in Nottingham Many of the grand buildings have been demolished including Halifax Place Wesleyan Chapel but some have been re used notably High Pavement Chapel which is now a public house The city has three Christadelphian meeting halls and is home to the national headquarters of the Congregational Federation Nottingham is one of 18 British cities that do not have an Anglican cathedral 153 154 It is however home to the Roman Catholic Cathedral of St Barnabas which was designed by Augustus Pugin and consecrated in 1844 It is the cathedral church for the Roman Catholic Diocese of Nottingham Today there are places of worship for all major religions including Christianity and Islam with 32 mosques in Nottingham 155 Demographics editMain article Demographics of Nottingham nbsp Ethnic demography of Nottingham over timeContemporary and projected population growth in Nottingham Year 1981 1991 2001 2011 2016 2021 2031Population 263 581 263 526 266 987 305 680 325 282 323 632 354 000Source Census 156 ONS 157 ONS 8 ONS Projections 158 The population of Nottingham is 319 566 2021 6 The population of Greater Nottingham is 729 977 2011 and the Metro population is 1 543 000 2011 The city of Nottingham has a density of 4 338 km2 11 240 sq mi 65 9 are White British 14 9 Asian 10 of West Indian origins 5 9 are of mixed heritages and other groups are 3 3 8 Media editTelevision edit Main articles BBC East Midlands and Carlton Studios Nottingham The BBC has its East Midlands headquarters in Nottingham on London Road BBC East Midlands Today is broadcast from the city every weeknight at 6 30 pm From 1983 to 2005 Central Television the ITV region for the east Midlands had a studio complex on Lenton Lane producing programmes for various networks and broadcasting regional news The studios are now a satellite campus of the University of Nottingham since 2005 The city was granted permission by Ofcom to establish its own local television station After a tender process Confetti College was awarded the licence The station was declared open by Prince Harry in April 2013 and Notts TV began broadcasting in spring 2014 159 Radio edit In addition to the national commercial and BBC radio stations the Nottingham area is served by licensed commercial radio stations though all broadcast to a wider area than the city Radio stations include BBC Radio Nottingham 103 8 FM amp DAB Gold East Midlands DAB Gem DAB Capital Midlands 96 2 FM amp DAB Smooth East Midlands 106 6 FM amp DAB Kemet FM 97 5 FM Radio Dawn 107 6 FM The city s two universities both broadcast their own student radio station Fly FM is based at Nottingham Trent University s city campus and is broadcast online The station originated in 1996 with its original name of Kick FM 160 University Radio Nottingham URN is broadcast around Nottingham University s main and Sutton Bonington campuses on medium wave AM as well as over the internet URN was founded in 1979 after starting out with a slot on BBC Radio Nottingham in the late 1970s 161 Newspapers and magazines edit Nottingham s main local newspaper the Nottingham Post is owned by Local World and is published daily from Monday to Saturday each week LeftLion magazine established 2003 is distributed free of charge across the city covering Nottingham culture including music art theatre comedy food and drink Student tabloid The Tab also publishes online content and has teams at both universities 162 163 Film edit nbsp Wollaton Hall was used as Wayne Manor in the Batman film The Dark Knight RisesNottingham has been used as a location in many locally nationally and internationally produced films Movies that have been filmed partly or entirely in Nottingham include 164 Saturday Night and Sunday Morning 1960 The Loneliness of the Long Distance Runner 1962 The Ragman s Daughter 1972 Robin Hood 1973 In Celebration 1975 Twenty Four Seven 1997 Once Upon a Time in the Midlands 2002 This Is England 2006 Magicians 2007 Control 2007 Mum amp Dad 2008 Easy Virtue 2008 Bronson 2009 The Unloved 2009 Le Donk amp Scor zay zee 2009 Goal 3 2009 Bunny and the Bull 2009 A Boy Called Dad 2009 Oranges and Sunshine 2010 Weekend 2011 The Dark Knight Rises 2012 International relations editSee also List of twin towns and sister cities in the United Kingdom Nottingham is twinned with the following cities 165 nbsp Ljubljana Slovenia 1963 165 166 nbsp Minsk Belarus 1966 2022 165 167 nbsp Karlsruhe Germany 1969 165 168 nbsp Harare Zimbabwe 1981 165 nbsp Ghent Belgium 1985 165 169 nbsp Ningbo China 2005 165 nbsp Timișoara Romania 2008 165 nbsp Krasnodar Russia 2012 2022 170 nbsp Wrzesnia Poland 171 Note Ljubljana Minsk and Harare are capital cities Nottingham ended its relations with Minsk and Krasnodar in March 2022 172 Notable people editMain article List of people from Nottingham See also Category People from Nottingham List of mayors and lord mayors edit Main article Lord Mayor of Nottingham The Sheriff of Nottingham edit Main articles Sheriff of Nottingham and Sheriff of Nottingham position See also editList of public art in Nottingham Listed buildings in Nottingham 1185 East Midlands earthquake Snotingas 2023 Nottingham attacksNotes edit Weather station is located 5 6 miles 9 0 km from the Nottingham city centre Weather station is located 9 0 miles 14 5 km from the Nottingham city centre References edit Nottingham The Queen City of the Midlands The official guide Sixth Edition 1927 Nottinghamshire History Archived from the original on 14 April 2015 Retrieved 11 April 2015 A brief A Z of Nottingham Atschool eduweb co uk Archived from the original on 16 January 2010 Retrieved 13 July 2010 a b Nottingham City of Nottingham Ordnance Survey Retrieved 16 January 2024 Councillors and Leadership Nottingham City Council Retrieved 12 November 2023 Mid Year Population Estimates UK June 2021 Office for National Statistics 21 December 2022 Retrieved 18 October 2023 a b Mid Year Population Estimates UK June 2021 Office for National Statistics 21 December 2022 Retrieved 18 October 2023 Cooper Sam 21 February 2023 Who is the greatest Nottinghamian Have your say in our poll NottinghamshireLive Retrieved 20 February 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twinned Russian and Belarusian cities Nottinghamshire Live 2 March 2022 Retrieved 2 March 2022Further reading editLomax Scott Nottingham The Buried Past of a Historic City Revealed Pen amp Sword 2013 Mooney Dave A Z of Nottingham Places People History Amberley 2022 Richards Chris Nottingham Through Time Amberley 2008 Trease Geoffrey Nottingham A Biography Macmillan 1970 External links editNottingham at Wikipedia s sister projects nbsp Definitions from Wiktionary nbsp Media from Commons nbsp Travel information from Wikivoyage nbsp Data from Wikidata Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Nottingham amp oldid 1214533966, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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