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Michael Gove

May 03, 2023

Michael Andrew Gove (/ɡoʊv/; born Graeme Andrew Logan, 26 August 1967) is a British politician serving as Secretary of State for Levelling Up, Housing and Communities and Minister for Intergovernmental Relations since 2021.[b] He has been Member of Parliament (MP) for Surrey Heath since 2005. A member of the Conservative Party, he has served in various Cabinet positions under Prime Ministers David Cameron, Theresa May, Boris Johnson and Rishi Sunak. Gove has twice run to become Leader of the Conservative Party, in 2016 and 2019, finishing in third place on both occasions.

The Right Honourable
Michael Gove
MP
Official portrait, 2021
Secretary of State for Levelling Up, Housing and Communities[a]
Assumed office
25 October 2022
Prime MinisterRishi Sunak
Preceded bySimon Clarke
In office
15 September 2021 – 6 July 2022
Prime MinisterBoris Johnson
Preceded byRobert Jenrick
Succeeded byGreg Clark
Minister for Intergovernmental Relations
Assumed office
25 October 2022
Prime MinisterRishi Sunak
Preceded byNadhim Zahawi
In office
18 September 2021 – 6 July 2022
Prime MinisterBoris Johnson
Preceded byOffice established
Succeeded byNadhim Zahawi
Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster
In office
24 July 2019 – 15 September 2021
Prime MinisterBoris Johnson
Preceded byDavid Lidington
Succeeded bySteve Barclay
Minister for the Cabinet Office
In office
13 February 2020 – 15 September 2021
Prime MinisterBoris Johnson
Preceded byOliver Dowden
Succeeded bySteve Barclay
Secretary of State for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs
In office
11 June 2017 – 24 July 2019
Prime MinisterTheresa May
Preceded byAndrea Leadsom
Succeeded byTheresa Villiers
Secretary of State for Justice
Lord Chancellor
In office
9 May 2015 – 14 July 2016
Prime MinisterDavid Cameron
Preceded byChris Grayling
Succeeded byLiz Truss
Chief Whip of the House of Commons
Parliamentary Secretary to the Treasury
In office
15 July 2014 – 9 May 2015
Prime MinisterDavid Cameron
Preceded byGeorge Young
Succeeded byMark Harper
Secretary of State for Education
In office
12 May 2010 – 15 July 2014
Prime MinisterDavid Cameron
Preceded byEd Balls
Succeeded byNicky Morgan
Shadow portfolio positions
2005-2010
Shadow Secretary of State for Children, Schools and Families
In office
2 July 2007 – 11 May 2010
LeaderDavid Cameron
Preceded byDavid Willetts
Succeeded byEd Balls
Shadow Minister for Housing and Planning
In office
10 May 2005 – 2 July 2007
Leader
Preceded byJohn Hayes
Succeeded byGrant Shapps
Member of Parliament
for Surrey Heath
Assumed office
5 May 2005
Preceded byNick Hawkins
Majority18,349 (31.3%)
Personal details
Born
Graeme Andrew Logan

(1967-08-26) 26 August 1967 (age 55)
Aberdeen, Scotland
Political partyConservative
Other political
affiliations		Labour (1983)
Spouse
​
​
(m. 2001; div. 2022)​
Children2
EducationRobert Gordon's College
Alma materLady Margaret Hall, Oxford (BA)
Occupation
  • Politician
  • journalist
  • author
Signature
Websitemichaelgove.com
Gove's voice
From the BBC programme Start the Week, 30 December 2013[2]

Born in Aberdeen, Gove was in care until being adopted aged four months old, after which he was raised in the Kittybrewster area of the city. He attended the independent Robert Gordon's College and studied English at Lady Margaret Hall, Oxford. He then began a career as a journalist at The Press and Journal before having a long tenure as a leader writer at The Times. Elected for Surrey Heath at the 2005 general election, he was appointed to the Shadow Cabinet by Cameron in 2007 as Shadow Secretary of State for Children, Schools and Families.

Appointed Secretary of State for Education in the Cameron–Clegg coalition, Gove terminated the previous Labour government's Building Schools for the Future programme, reformed A-Level and GCSE qualifications in favour of final examinations, and responded to the Trojan Horse scandal. The National Association of Head Teachers, the Association of Teachers and Lecturers, the National Union of Teachers and the NASUWT passed motions of no confidence in his policies at their conferences in 2013. In the 2014 cabinet reshuffle he was moved to the post of chief whip. Following the 2015 general election and the formation of the majority Cameron government, Gove was promoted to Secretary of State for Justice and Lord Chancellor. As the co-convenor of Vote Leave, Gove was seen, along with Johnson, a fellow Conservative MP, as one of the most prominent figures of the 2016 referendum on EU membership. He was campaign manager for Johnson in the 2016 Conservative Party leadership election but withdrew his support on the morning Johnson was due to declare and announced his own candidacy, finishing third behind May and Andrea Leadsom.

Following May's appointment as Prime Minister, Gove was dismissed from the Cabinet but was appointed to the second May government as Secretary of State for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs following the 2017 general election. He launched a second Conservative leadership bid in 2019, coming third behind Johnson and Jeremy Hunt. Upon appointment of Johnson as Prime Minister, Gove was appointed Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster, with responsibilities including preparations for a no-deal Brexit. He took on the additional role of minister for the Cabinet Office in the 2020 cabinet reshuffle. After the 2021 cabinet reshuffle he served as Secretary of State for Levelling Up, Housing and Communities and Minister for Intergovernmental Relations until Gove told Johnson to resign during the July 2022 Government crisis and was dismissed by Johnson. Under Rishi Sunak, Gove was reinstated to his previous roles of Secretary of State for Levelling Up, Housing and Communities and Minister for Intergovernmental Relations.

Early life

Gove was born as Graeme Andrew Logan on 26 August 1967.[4][5] His biological mother, whom he originally believed to have been an unmarried Edinburgh student, was in fact a 23-year-old cookery demonstrator.[4] Gove regarded his birthplace as Edinburgh until it was revealed in a biography in 2019 that he was born in a maternity hospital in Fonthill Road, Aberdeen.[6] Logan was put into care soon after he was born. At the age of four months he was adopted by a Labour-supporting couple in Aberdeen, Ernest Gove (died 2023)[7] and Christine Gove, by whom he was brought up.[8] After he joined the Gove family, Logan's name was changed to Michael Andrew Gove.[4] His father, Ernest, ran a fish processing business and his mother, Christine, was a lab assistant at the University of Aberdeen, before working at the Aberdeen School for the Deaf.[9]

Gove, his parents, and his adoptive sister Angela Christine lived in a small property in the Kittybrewster area of Aberdeen,[10] before relocating to Rosehill Drive. He was educated at two state schools (Sunnybank Primary School and Kittybrewster Primary School),[11] and later, on the recommendation of his primary school teacher,[12] he sat and passed the entrance exam for the independent Robert Gordon's College.[13] In October 2012, he wrote an apology letter to his former French teacher for misbehaving in class.[14] Gove joined the Labour Party in 1983[15] and campaigned on behalf of the party for the 1983 general election.[16] Outside of school, he spent time as a Sunday school teacher at Causewayend Church.[16] As he entered sixth year he had to apply for a scholarship as his family fell on difficult economic circumstances.[8] He passed the scholarship exam and served as a school prefect in his final two years.[17]

From 1985 to 1988 he read English at Lady Margaret Hall, Oxford,[18][19] during which time he joined the Conservative Party.[20] He became a member of the Oxford University Conservative Association and was secretary of Aberdeen South Young Conservatives.[21] He helped write speeches for Cabinet and Shadow Cabinet ministers, including Peter Lilley and Michael Howard.[22] During his first year,[23] he met future Prime Minister Boris Johnson and ran his campaign to be President of the Oxford Union.[24] In an interview with Andrew Gimson, Gove remarked that at Oxford, Johnson was "quite the most brilliant extempore speaker of his generation".[25] Gove was elected as Oxford Union President a year after Johnson.[26] He graduated with an upper second.[27]

After university, when applying for a job at the Conservative Research Department, he was told he was "insufficiently political" and "insufficiently Conservative", so he turned to journalism.[28]

Journalistic career

Gove first found employment on the Peterborough column of The Daily Telegraph, after passing an interview with Max Hastings.[29] Struggling to maintain his career in London,[30] he moved back to Aberdeen and became a trainee reporter at The Press and Journal, where he spent several months on strike in the 1989–1990 dispute over union recognition and representation.[31] From 1990[32] to 1991,[33] he worked as a reporter for Scottish Television, with a brief interlude at Grampian Television in Aberdeen.[34]

After moving to national television in 1991, Gove worked for the BBC's On the Record,[33] and the Channel 4 current affairs programme A Stab in the Dark, alongside David Baddiel and Tracey MacLeod.[35] In 1994 he began working for the BBC's Today programme.[36][37] In 1995 he was identified by The Guardian as part of a group of "a new breed of 21st-century Tories".[38][39] He broke the news of the 1995 Conservative Party leadership election thanks to his connections with the upper echelons of the party.[38]

He joined The Times in 1996 as a leader writer and assumed posts as its comment editor, news editor, Saturday editor and assistant editor.[40][41] He has also written a weekly column on politics and current affairs for the newspaper and contributed to The Times Literary Supplement, Prospect magazine and The Spectator. He remains on good terms with Rupert Murdoch,[42][43] whom Gove described in evidence before the Leveson Inquiry as "one of the most impressive and significant figures of the last 50 years".[44] He wrote a sympathetic biography of Michael Portillo and a highly critical study of the Northern Ireland peace process (The Price of Peace), where he compared the Good Friday Agreement to appeasement of the Nazis in the 1930s.[19][45][46]

He was a regular panellist on BBC Radio 4's The Moral Maze and Newsnight Review on BBC Two.[9][47]

Political career

 
Gove outside the Palace of Westminster, December 2008

Gove was the founding chairman of Policy Exchange,[48] a conservative think tank launched in 2002.[49][50] He was involved in founding the right-leaning magazine Standpoint, to which he occasionally contributed.[51]

Early parliamentary career (2005–2010)

 
Gove speaking at the Conservative Party "Big Society, Not Big Government" policy launch in March 2010

Gove won the Conservative candidacy for Surrey Heath on 5 July 2004,[52] after the sitting MP Nick Hawkins was deselected by the local Conservative association.[53][54] He first entered the House of Commons after being elected in the 2005 general election. In 2005 he was appointed Shadow Minister for Housing and Planning.[55] He made his maiden speech on 7 June 2005, focusing on national security.[56] Gove was seen as part of an influential set of Conservatives referred to as the Notting Hill Set, which included Conservative leader David Cameron, future Chancellor of the Exchequer George Osborne, Ed Vaizey, Nick Boles and Rachel Whetstone.[57]

Over a five-month period between December 2005 and April 2006, Gove claimed more than £7,000 on a house bought with his wife Sarah Vine, in 2002. Around a third of the money was spent at OKA, an upmarket interior design company established by Viscountess Astor, Cameron's mother-in-law.[58] Shortly afterwards he reportedly 'flipped' his designated second home, a property for which he claimed around £13,000 to cover stamp duty.[58] Gove also claimed for a cot mattress, despite children's items being banned under updated Commons rules. Gove said he would repay the claim for the cot mattress, but maintained that his other claims were "below the acceptable threshold costs for furniture" and that moving house was necessary "to effectively discharge my parliamentary duties".[58] While he was moving between homes, on one occasion he stayed at the Pennyhill Park Hotel in Bagshot, Surrey, following a constituency engagement, charging the taxpayer more than £500 per night's stay.[58]

On 2 July 2007, Gove was promoted to the Shadow Cabinet as Shadow Secretary of State for Children, Schools and Families (a newly created department set up by Gordon Brown), shadowing Ed Balls. In the role he advocated the introduction of a Swedish-style education voucher system, whereby parents would choose where their child would be educated, with the state paying what they would have cost in a state school. He also advocated Swedish-style free schools, to be managed by parents and funded by the state,[59] with the possibility that such schools would be allowed to be run on a for-profit model.[60] Prior to the 2010 general election, most of Gove's questions in Commons debates concerned children, schools and families, education, local government, Council Tax, foreign affairs and the environment.[61]

Secretary of State for Education (2010–2014)

Main article: Michael Gove's tenure as Education Secretary
 
Gove as Secretary of State for Education, November 2012

With the formation of the Conservative-Liberal Democrat coalition government following the hung parliament after the 2010 general election, Gove became Secretary of State for Education. His first moves included reorganising his department,[62] announcing plans to allow schools rated as Outstanding by Ofsted to become academies,[63] and cutting the previous government's school-building programme.[64] He apologised, however, when the list of terminated school-building projects he had released was found to be inaccurate; the list was reannounced several times before it was finally accurately published.[65]

In July 2010, Gove said that Labour had failed in their attempt to break the link between social class and school achievement despite spending billions of pounds: quoting research, he indicated that by the age of six years, children of low ability from affluent homes were still out-performing brighter children from poorer backgrounds. At a House of Commons Education Select Committee he said that this separation of achievement grew larger throughout pupils' school careers, stating, "In effect, rich thick kids do better than poor clever children when they arrive at school [and] the situation as they go through gets worse".[66]

Gove's second home was not in his constituency, but in Elstead, in the South West Surrey constituency. Gove sold the house and began to commute to his constituency.[67]

During the 2010 Conservative Party Conference, Gove announced that the primary and secondary-school national curricula for England would be restructured, and that study of authors such as Byron, Keats, Jane Austen, Dickens and Thomas Hardy would be reinstated in English lessons as part of a plan to improve children's grasp of English literature and language. Academies were not required to follow the national curriculum, and so weren't affected by the reforms. Children who failed to write coherently and grammatically, or who were weak in spelling, were penalised in the new examinations. Standards in mathematics and science were also strengthened.[68]

In March 2011, Gove was criticised for not understanding the importance of school architecture and accused of having misrepresented the cost.[69] In February 2011, he had told Parliament that one individual had made £1,000,000 in one year when the true figure was £700,000 for five advisers at different times over a four-year period.[69]

During the Cameron–Clegg ministry, Gove was the subject of repeated criticism for alleged attempts to avoid the provisions of the Freedom of Information Act. The criticism surrounded Gove's use of various private email accounts to send emails that allegedly related to his departmental responsibilities. The allegations suggested that Gove and his advisers believed they could avoid their correspondence being subject to freedom of information requests, as they believed that their private email accounts were not subject to the Freedom of Information Act. In September 2011, the Financial Times reported that Gove had used an undisclosed private email account – called "Mrs Blurt" – to discuss government business with advisers.[70][71] In March 2012 the Information Commissioner ruled that because emails the Financial Times had requested contained public information they could be the subject of a freedom of information request and ordered the information requested by the paper to be disclosed.[72][73] It was also alleged by the Financial Times that Gove and his advisors had destroyed email correspondence in order to avoid freedom of information requests. The allegation was denied by Gove's department, which stated that deleting email was simply part of good computer housekeeping.[74][75]

In June 2012, Michael Portillo backed Gove to be a serious contender in a future race for the Conservative Party leadership,[76] though Gove had said in an interview a few months before that "I'm constitutionally incapable of it. There's a special extra quality you need that is indefinable, and I know I don't have it. There's an equanimity, an impermeability and a courage that you need. There are some things in life you know it's better not to try."[77]

Gove was criticised by teachers unions for his attempts to overhaul English education.[78][79] At the Association of Teachers and Lecturers Annual Conference in March 2013 a motion of no-confidence in Gove was passed.[80] The next month the National Union of Teachers passed a vote of no confidence in Gove at their annual conference and called for his resignation.[81] The National Association of Head Teachers and NASUWT also passed motions of no confidence at their conferences that year.[82][83]

Chief Whip of the House of Commons (2014–2015)

On 15 July 2014, Gove's four-year stint in charge of the Department for Education came to an end when he was dismissed[84] as Secretary of State for Education and replaced by former Treasury Minister Nicky Morgan in a wide-ranging cabinet reshuffle. Gove was moved to the post of Government chief whip,[85] which was portrayed as a demotion by his detractors; Prime Minister Cameron denied this was the case.[86] Gove told BBC News that he had mixed emotions about starting the new role, saying it was a privilege to become Chief Whip but that leaving the Department for Education was "a wrench".[87][88][89]

The position came with a £30,000 pay cut, and a specific media role saw Gove on television and radio "more than a traditional Chief Whip would be".[90] He missed his first House of Commons vote in the new role, as explained by Shadow Commons Leader Angela Eagle; "Gove not only lost his first vote but managed to get stuck in the toilet in the wrong lobby".[91] Gove remained in the post of chief whip until May 2015, when the role was taken over by Mark Harper.

Secretary of State for Justice (2015–2016)

 
Gove as Secretary of State for Justice, May 2015

Following the 2015 general election, Cameron promoted Gove as Secretary of State for Justice and Lord Chancellor in his newly formed cabinet.[92] He was praised in December 2015 for scrapping the courts fee introduced by his predecessor, Chris Grayling.[93] The fee had been heavily criticised for, among other things, causing innocent people to plead guilty out of financial concerns.[94] Gove removed the 12-book limit on prison books introduced by Grayling, arguing that books increased literacy and numeracy, skills needed for making prisoners a "potential asset to society". The move, effective from September 2015, was welcomed by Frances Cook of the Howard League for Penal Reform.[95] Gove was also praised for his prominent role in scrapping a British bid for a Saudi prison contract.[96]

Within three months of his taking office, the Criminal Bar Association (CBA) voted to stop taking new work in protest at Gove's insistence that they work for lower fees.[97] The CBA subsequently praised his "courage" in reversing the proposed cuts.[98] On 14 July 2016 Gove was removed from the position of justice secretary by the new prime minister, Theresa May.[99]

European Union membership referendum (2016)

 
Pro-European Union protesters waving two banners depicting Gove (left) and UK Independence Party leader Nigel Farage (right)

Gove was a prominent figure in the campaign for Britain to leave the EU in the 2016 referendum and described his decision to take that side as "the most difficult decision of my political life".[100][101][102] He and his family spent Christmas with the Camerons at Chequers where, according to Craig Oliver, Cameron was under the impression that Gove would support remaining in the EU.[103] Despite this, Gove decided to support the Leave campaign. At the beginning of March 2016, he was appointed co-convenor of Vote Leave, with Labour MP Gisela Stuart, and given responsibility for chairing the campaign committee.[104]

He argued Britain would be "freer, fairer and better off" for leaving,[101] and that "[t]he day after we vote to leave, we hold all the cards and we can choose the path we want."[105] When in an interview it was claimed that there was no expert opinion to support this, Gove remarked that "the people of this country have had enough of experts from organisations with acronyms saying they know what is best and getting it consistently wrong."[106] However, interviewer Faisal Islam interrupted Gove after the word "experts",[107] causing some sources to report that he had made a general statement that "the people... have had enough of experts".[108] In 2021, Louise Richardson, the vice-chancellor of the University of Oxford, said she was "embarrassed" that Gove was an alumnus, on account of these comments.[109]

In his memoir For the Record, Cameron described Gove during this period as "mendacious", adding: "One quality shone through, disloyalty. Disloyalty to me and, later, disloyalty to Boris [Johnson]".[110]

Conservative Party leadership candidate (2016)

After Cameron announced his intention to resign as Prime Minister, with his successor now likely to be in office by September 2016, Gove was not a candidate, having said in the past that he had no interest in becoming Prime Minister.[111] Instead, he was seen as a strong, highly influential supporter of Johnson for that role. In a move that surprised most political analysts, Gove withdrew his support for Johnson on 30 June 2016, hours before the deadline, without any previous notice to Johnson and announced his own candidacy in the leadership election. Subsequently, Johnson declined to run.[112]

The Telegraph opined that Gove's actions in undermining Johnson's leadership aspirations constituted "the most spectacular political assassination in a generation"[113] while The Guardian labelled it as a "Machiavellian move".[114]

Gove said: "I wanted to help build a team behind Boris Johnson so that a politician who argued for leaving the European Union could lead us to a better future. But I have come, reluctantly, to the conclusion that Boris cannot provide the leadership or build the team for the task ahead. I have, therefore, decided to put my name forward for the leadership. I want there to be an open and positive debate about the path the country will now take. Whatever the verdict of that debate I will respect it. In the next few days I will lay out my plan for the United Kingdom which I hope can provide unity and change."[115]

By 5 July 2016, Gove was in third place in the leadership election, behind May and Andrea Leadsom; the latter had gained an endorsement from Johnson. Some political analysts predicted that Gove might quit the race if he was unable to beat Leadsom in the first round of voting.[116] Later that day, it was announced that May had won the first round of voting, with support from 165 MPs, while Andrea Leadsom received 66 votes and Gove trailed with 48.[citation needed] Gove was eliminated in the second ballot after receiving 46 votes, compared to 199 for May and 84 for Leadsom.[117] He subsequently told the media that he was "naturally disappointed" and described his two opponents as "formidable politicians", welcoming the fact that the next PM would be female. He also encouraged a "civilised, inclusive, positive and optimistic debate".[118]

Backbencher (2016–2017)

 
Gove addressing a dinner audience on 15 July 2016, the day after his dismissal as Secretary of State for Justice

On 14 July 2016 Gove was dismissed by the prime minister, Theresa May. According to Jon Craig of Sky News, Gove was told to "go and learn about loyalty on the backbenches" in a two-minute meeting with May.[119]

In the aftermath of the EU referendum, Gove was accused by Nick Clegg of being the source of a claim by The Sun that Queen Elizabeth II made comments supportive of Brexit in a private lunch at Windsor Castle. Clegg told a BBC documentary that Gove "obviously communicated it – well, I know he did".[120][121] Gove declined to deny leaking the Queen's comments. The Sun said it had "multiple sources" and was confident its report was true.[122][123]

In October 2016 Gove was elected to the Exiting the European Union Select Committee.[119] That month he was re-hired by The Times[124] as a weekly[125] columnist and book reviewer.[124] As well as attending meetings of the newspaper's politics team, Gove was dispatched to the United States[125] to report on campaign rallies in the upcoming presidential election.[126]

In December 2016, Gove defended a Vote Leave claim that an additional £350 million a week could be spent on the NHS when Britain left the EU. Gove said the figure was robust and it was up to the Government to decide how to spend it.[127]

In his capacity as a writer for The Times, Gove gave the first British post-election interview to Donald Trump in January 2017, along with Kai Diekmann from Bild,[128][129] making him the second British politician to meet Trump as President-elect of the United States after Nigel Farage.[41] Despite preferring Hillary Clinton to Trump as President of the United States,[130] Gove's interview and consequent defence of it was seen by some[who?] as praising the President-elect unduly.[131]

Secretary of State for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs (2017–2019)

 
Gove with Fergus Ewing, the Scottish government's Rural Economy Secretary, in February 2019

Following the 2017 general election, Gove was promoted to Secretary of State for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs by May during a reshuffle.[132] Gove said he "was quite surprised" to be asked to join the cabinet after May dismissed him in 2016 after she became Prime Minister.[133]

Following his appointment, Gove announced that a microbead ban would be put into place by the end of 2017. The ban arrived in early 2018. It meant that manufacturers could no longer produce the tiny beads used in cosmetics and care products. Another ban came in June 2018 which stopped shops from selling products that contained the beads. The reasoning behind the ban was to stop the beads harming marine life.[134]

In July 2017, Gove announced that a fuel combustion vehicle ban will be put into place due to air pollution. He said that the ban would take effect by 2040 and end the sales of new fuel combustion cars, trucks, vans, and buses that have petrol and diesel engines in the UK. The ban does not include plug-in hybrid vehicles.[135]

Gove introduced a ban on bee-harming pesticides like neonicotinoids.[136] He was praised by Greenpeace UK executive director John Sauven for his strong stance on issues like bee-harming pesticides, single-use plastic bottles and the future of the internal combustion engine", adding "Gove has defied many people's expectations on the environment".[137]

In October 2017, Gove issued an apology for a joke which compared tough interviews on the Today programme to a sexual encounter with Harvey Weinstein.[138][139] He was criticised by political opponents who felt allegations of sexual abuse were not a suitable subject for jokes.[140]

Other policies Gove had announced by December 2017 were that CCTV would be used in all slaughterhouses and beavers would be reintroduced into the UK.[141]

Gove faced criticism over the appointment of Ben Goldsmith to the role of non-executive director[142] at the Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs as Goldsmith had previously donated cash to Gove's Surrey Heath constituency.[143] Concerns were also raised about the selection process for the job, which was overseen by Sir Ian Cheshire, the chairman of Goldsmith's investment firm, Menhaden Capital Management.[143]

An important aspect of Gove's tenure was the introduction of laws concerning animal welfare. Maximum sentences for the crime of animal cruelty increased, as did protection for animals used by Government services, such as police dogs and horses.[144] One of the "toughest worldwide bans" on ivory trade was also introduced in 2018.[145]

May offered Gove the post of secretary of state for exiting the European Union after Dominic Raab's resignation over the Brexit withdrawal agreement in November 2018. Gove rejected the offer after May told him that there was "no chance" of trying to renegotiate the agreement.[146]

In January 2019, May survived a vote of no confidence in her government, after a "barnstorming" speech from Gove directed towards the Leader of the Labour Party, Jeremy Corbyn.[147] The speech, which gained significant media attention, attacked Corbyn for his foreign policy record, with Tom Rogan of the Washington Examiner describing it as "A tour de force. It was angry but not fanatical, passionate but not somber, and intellectual but simply put".[148]

In March 2019, Gove argued that "we didn't vote to leave without a deal. That wasn't the message of the campaign I helped lead. During that campaign, we said we should do a deal with the EU and be part of the network of free trade deals that covers all Europe, from Iceland to Turkey".[149]

In April 2019, after having a meeting with Extinction Rebellion, Gove said he agreed with the activists that there needed to be a deeper level of public understanding over climate change, but he declined to declare a climate emergency in the United Kingdom.[150] Despite Gove's position, Parliament passed a motion to declare a climate emergency.[151]

In May 2019, Gove introduced the Wild Animals in Circuses Bill, banning the use of wild animals in travelling circuses in England.[152]

Conservative Party leadership candidate (2019)

On 26 May 2019, Gove announced he would stand for the Conservative leadership following May's resignation, becoming the eighth candidate to enter the contest.[153] He promised to remove the charge for UK citizenship applications from EU nationals if elected,[154] and to replace VAT with a "simpler sales tax".[155] He also planned to scrap the High Speed 2 rail project and increase school funding by £1 billion.[156]

By 5 June 2019, Johnson became the clear frontrunner with the bookmakers, with Gove second favourite, followed closely by Jeremy Hunt.[157] In June, reports emerged that Gove had taken cocaine as a journalist in his twenties.[158][159] Gove stated that he regretted having done so, and regarded it as having been a mistake.[158][159] In an article for The Times in December 1999, Gove had argued against the legalisation of drugs and criticised members of the middle classes for their hypocrisy in doing so.[160] This was a key component of his bid to be leader. In reaction, Craig Oliver said it would have a negative impact on his run whereas fellow candidate for leadership Dominic Raab said he "admires [Gove's] honesty".[161]

Gove progressed following the first ballot, having received 37 votes. He received 41 votes in the second ballot, and by the third ballot had 51 MPs backing him. The fourth ballot saw him gain 61 votes, moving him into second position. In the last ballot, he had 75 votes and was voted out – losing by only two to Hunt, the eventual runner-up.[162]

Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster (2019–2021)

Upon the election of Johnson as Prime Minister, Gove was appointed Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster, legally representing the Crown as Duke of Lancaster.[163] His otherwise non-portfolio role included responsibility for no-deal Brexit preparations, overseeing constitutional affairs, maintaining the integrity of the Union and having oversight over all Cabinet Office policy.[164][165] Gove was excluded from a place on the National Security Council committee as Johnson pursued a slimming down of Cabinet operations.[166] He became a central figure in the conduction of Operation Yellowhammer, the civil contingency planning for the possibility of a no-deal Brexit.[167]

Writing in The Sunday Times on 28 July 2019, Gove said that a no-deal Brexit was "a very real prospect" and one that the Government was "working on the assumption of".[168][169] He said in August that it was "wrong and sad" that the EU was "refusing to negotiate" over a new withdrawal agreement.[170] That month, an official Cabinet Yellowhammer document leaked, predicting that a no-deal Brexit would lead to food, medicine and petrol shortages. Gove said the leaked dossier outlined a "worst-case scenario".[171] Interviewed in September 2019, Gove declined to say whether the Government would abide by legislation designed to stop a no-deal Brexit.[172]

During the 2019 Speaker of the House of Commons election, Gove nominated Labour MP Chris Bryant to replace John Bercow.[173]

Gove helped to prepare Johnson for the 2019 general election debates by playing the role of the Labour leader Jeremy Corbyn.[174] He offered to stand in for Johnson during a Channel 4 debate on environmental issues but the editor of Channel 4 News said the debate was only open to party leaders.[175]

On 13 February 2020, Gove took on additional responsibilities as Minister for the Cabinet Office, succeeding Oliver Dowden, who had been appointed Secretary of State for Digital, Culture, Media and Sport, in Johnson's first large reshuffle of his government.[176]

During the first COVID-19 pandemic lockdown, Gove generated confusion after saying on ITV's Good Morning Britain that children with separated parents were not allowed to move between their parents' homes. He later apologised and clarified that what he had said was not the case.[177] When Johnson was self-isolating after having been tested positive for COVID-19, Gove stood in for Johnson briefly from 27 March 2020 at the daily briefings of the pandemic,[178] until Gove self-isolated himself after a family member developed COVID-19 symptoms.[179]

In May 2020, Gove was criticised[180][better source needed] after his wife Sarah Vine shared a bookcase picture "as a very special treat for my trolls" which featured a book by the Holocaust denier David Irving, and a copy of The Bell Curve, which controversially claims that intelligence is highly heritable and that median IQ varies among races.[181][182] Another book in the photograph was The Strange Death of Europe by Douglas Murray, which, according to The Guardian, cites Enoch Powell and argues for protecting white Christian Europe from "outsiders".[183]

After Johnson said that the UK had ended trade talks with the EU in October 2020, Gove said that the door was "still ajar" if the EU made changes over issues including fishing access and that "We hope the EU will change their position and we are certainly not saying if they do change their position we can't talk to them".[184]

Gove was part of a committee of Cabinet ministers, comprising Johnson, Rishi Sunak and Matt Hancock, that made decisions on the COVID-19 pandemic.[185] He was chair of the COVID-19 operations subcommittee.[185] In a COBR meeting he chaired on 24 November 2020, he agreed, with the leaders of the UK's devolved governments, to a set of rules governing social mixing for the whole of the country over the Christmas period. It allowed for up to three households to form a "bubble" from 23 to 27 December,[186] but was cancelled for London and South East England, while being limited to a single day for the rest of England, after the discovery of a mutant COVID-19 strain.[187]

Under the terms of England's all-tier COVID-19 restrictions in December 2020, pubs were only legally allowed to serve alcoholic beverages with a substantial meal. Gove initially said that this did not include Scotch eggs, which he defined as a "starter" on multiple occasions (although he said it "would count as a substantial meal if there were table service"); however, he later backtracked and said: "I do recognise that it is a substantial meal."[188]

Gove was co-chair of the EU–UK Partnership Council with European Commission vice-president Maroš Šefčovič.[189][190] On 8 December 2020, after 10 months of talks[191] with Šefčovič, he helped reach an agreement that included post-Brexit arrangements for the Irish border. As a consequence the Government decided to abandon parts of the Internal Market Bill that could have seen the UK break international law.[192] David Frost succeeded Gove as the UK chair of the Partnership Council on 1 March 2021.[189]

In May 2021, Gove attended the 2021 Champions League Final in Porto with his son, supporting Chelsea; following his visit he was alerted by the NHS Test and Trace system of his potential exposure to the disease, and that he would need to self-isolate. Rather than isolating for the normal ten-day period, Gove was able to take part in a pilot scheme designed to investigate the efficacy of testing, which required him to self-isolate for only one day and undergo testing every day for a week.[193][194]

In a case brought to the High Court of Justice by the Good Law Project in June 2021, Gove was found to have acted unlawfully when the Government awarded a COVID-19 contract without a tender to a polling company owned by long-term associates of his and Dominic Cummings, then Johnson's chief adviser.[195][196]

In July 2021, Gove worked part-time in Glasgow as part of the Government strategy to strengthen the Union.[197][198]

Secretary of State for Levelling Up, Housing and Communities (2021–2022)

In a cabinet reshuffle on 15 September 2021, Gove was appointed Secretary of State for Housing, Communities and Local Government. He was given responsibilities for the Government's levelling up agenda, the Union and elections, the last two of which he retained from his previous post.[199][200] Within days his department was renamed the Department for Levelling Up, Housing and Communities, and his title changed to Secretary of State for Levelling Up, Housing and Communities. He was given the additional title of Minister for Intergovernmental Relations.[201]

In October 2021, while walking on Horseferry Road in Westminster, Gove was accosted by COVID-19 anti-lockdown protesters. As the protesters attempted to surround him, he was protected by police officers and escorted to a nearby building.[202][203]

In December 2021, Gove was part of a trio of Cabinet ministers that self-isolated after meeting Australian Deputy Prime Minister Barnaby Joyce, who was later diagnosed with COVID-19.[204]

Gove launched a white paper on levelling up on 2 February 2022.[205] The paper included plans to increase public investment across the UK and expand devolution in England.[206] It was reported that parts of it had been copied from Wikipedia.[207]

During the Russian invasion of Ukraine, Gove announced his intention to draft plans to allow Ukrainian refugees to be housed in Russian oligarchs' homes in the UK.[208] He later announced the Homes for Ukraine scheme, which would arrange for British households to take in Ukrainian refugees.[209]

Gove attended the 2022 Bilderberg meeting in Washington, D.C.[210]

The Telegraph journalist Matthew Lynn attacked Gove's record in government, describing him as the "driving force behind a whole series of terrible policy mistakes". In particular, Lynn identified Gove's resistance to new skyscrapers in London, his changes to the rules concerning the rental sector to make it harder for landlords to evict tenants, and his opposition to a fracking trial as damaging the economic growth prospects for the UK.[211]

On 6 July 2022, Gove was dismissed by Johnson for alleged disloyalty, after visiting Downing Street to tell him to resign, during the July 2022 Government crisis.[212][24] A Downing Street source described him as a "snake" following the sacking.[213]

Backbencher (2022)

Gove declined to run in the July–September 2022 Conservative Party leadership election.[214] He endorsed Kemi Badenoch's leadership bid and, after her defeat,[215] announced his support for Rishi Sunak.[216]

Following the election of Liz Truss, Gove variously backed and criticised the prime minister on Chancellor of the Exchequer Kwasi Kwarteng's controversial reforms to taxation.[217] According to journalist Harry Cole, Truss offered Gove the posts of British Ambassador to Israel and British Ambassador to China.[218]

Gove declined to run in the October 2022 Conservative Party leadership election.[219] He endorsed Sunak's leadership bid.[220]

Secretary of State for Levelling Up, Housing and Communities (2022–present)

On 25 October 2022, following the accession of Rishi Sunak to the prime ministership, Gove was reinstated to his previous roles of Secretary of State for Levelling Up, Housing and Communities and Minister for Intergovernmental Relations.[221] The appointment was reported as a surprise, as Gove had previously said that he did not expect to serve in government again.[222]

According to The Times, in the 2023 cabinet reshuffle, Sunak wanted Gove to become Secretary of State for Science, Innovation and Technology, but Gove asked to stay at the levelling up department.[223]

In February 2023, following the death of Awaab Ishak, a two-year old child living in a mould-hit flat, the Government announced that it would implement "Awaab's Law", which will require social housing providers to remedy reported damp and mould within certain time limits. Gove made the announcement as he met with Awaab's family in Rochdale.[224]

Political stances

Gove is generally considered as combining socially liberal views—for example, on gay marriage[225]—with a harder Eurosceptic and neoconservative position on foreign affairs.[44] He has expressed his view that the state should generally not interfere in domestic affairs and attests to have campaigned for economic freedom in certain matters. Gove has argued that "the only sustainable ethical foundation for society is a belief in the innate worth and dignity of every individual."[226]

Giving evidence before the Leveson Inquiry in May 2012, Gove said he was "unashamedly on the side of those who say that we should think very carefully before legislation and regulation because the cry 'Something must be done' often leads to people doing something which isn't always wise."[227]

During the 2008 Conservative Party Conference, Gove argued that Edmund Burke, an 18th-century philosopher who commented on organic society and the French Revolution, was the greatest conservative ever. When asked about those who believe "Marx was right all along", he responded that they were guilty of ignoring the systematic abuses and poverty of centrally planned economies, and criticised the historian Eric Hobsbawm, saying that "only when Hobsbawm weeps hot tears for a life spent serving an ideology of wickedness will he ever be worth listening to."[228]

In remarks prepared for the 2020 Ditchley Lecture, Gove portrayed what he saw as the malaise of modern society as leading to populism, because the non-intellectual classes "chose to opt for polarised identity politics rather than stay with broad-based national political movements" instead of choosing to follow the politics of diversity, inclusion and identity politics they were force-fed by the elites. He praised Franklin D. Roosevelt as a model for his renewal of capitalism and he imagined the construction of inclusive societies with the deconstruction of Whitehall. Gove stressed "basic writing, meeting chairing and time management skills" for all policy civil servants. He ended with a paean to his purpose in public service: "to tackle inequality".[229][230]

Capital punishment

In 1997, Gove wrote of capital punishment, which was abolished in the UK in 1965, arguing in The Times that, "Were I ever alone in the dock I would not want to be arraigned before our flawed tribunals, knowing my freedom could be forfeited as a result of political pressures. I would prefer a fair trial, under the shadow of the noose."[231] The Independent reported in 2015 that Gove had not appeared to repeat his backing for the death penalty since he made the remarks in the late 1990s.[232]

Foreign policy

The Financial Times describes Gove as having "strong neoconservative convictions".[44]

In 2003, he stated that he did not believe the United States' "current position in the world [was] analogous to that of an Imperial power, as we have come to understand imperial powers".[233]

William Dalrymple, reviewing Gove's book Celsius 7/7 on the roots of Islamic terrorism in The Times, dismissed Gove's knowledge of the Middle East as being derivative and based on the views of Bernard Lewis.[234]

Iraq

In February 2003, Gove expressed admiration for New Labour Prime Minister Tony Blair because of the way he was handling the crisis in Iraq: "As a right-wing polemicist, all I can say looking at Mr Blair now is, what's not to like?" Blair, he thought, was "behaving like a true Thatcherite".[235] In December 2008, Gove wrote that declarations of either victory or defeat in Iraq in 2003 were premature, and that the liberation of Iraq was a foreign policy success.

The liberation of Iraq has actually been that rarest of things—a proper British foreign policy success. Next year, while the world goes into recession, Iraq is likely to enjoy 10% GDP growth. Alone in the Arab Middle East, it is now a fully functioning democracy with a free press, properly contested elections and an independent judiciary... Sunni and Shia contend for power in parliament, not in street battles. The ingenuity, idealism and intelligence of the Iraqi people can now find an outlet in a free society rather than being deployed, as they were for decades, simply to ensure survival in a fascist republic that stank of fear.[236]

Tariq Ali once recalled how, at the time of the Iraq War, he "debat[ed] the ghastly Gove on television [... and found him] worse than most Bush apologists in the United States."[237]

Intervention in Syria

Gove had to be calmed by parliamentary colleagues in August 2013 after shouting, "A disgrace, you're a disgrace!" at various Conservative and Liberal Democrat rebels who contributed to defeating the coalition government's motion to attack Syria in retaliation for the 2013 Ghouta attacks.[238] He later stated he was reacting to the manner in which Labour MPs celebrated the outcome of the vote.[239]

Saudi Arabian prisons

In 2015, Gove cancelled a £5.9 million contract to provide services for prisons in Saudi Arabia, according to The Guardian, because it was thought "the British government should not be assisting a regime that uses beheadings, stoning, crucifixions and lashings as forms of punishment." Foreign Secretary Philip Hammond was reported[by whom?] to have accused Gove of being naive.[240]

Health

Gove is one of several Conservative MPs who co-authored Direct Democracy: An Agenda for a New Model Party (2005).[241][242] The book says the NHS "fails to meet public expectations" and calls for it to be dismantled and replaced with personal health accounts.[241] Gove fractured his foot in July 2015. His wife Sarah Vine (somewhat inaccurately)[243] complained in her Daily Mail column that he could not have his foot X-rayed by the NHS because the minor injuries unit the couple visited did not provide the facility at weekends.[244]

Scottish independence

Gove believes that Scotland should remain part of the United Kingdom, arguing that Scotland's strengths complement those of other parts of the UK.[245] He has expressed interest in the idea of letting Scottish people living in the other regions of the UK vote in a second Scottish independence referendum.[246]

Israel and Jewish people

Gove has described himself as "a proud Zionist",[247] and supports the United Jewish Israel Appeal's fundraising activities.[248] In 2019, he reiterated "One thing I have always been since I was a boy is a Zionist" and spoke of his desire to "celebrate everything that Israel and the Jewish people have brought to the life of this world and hold it dear to our hearts" and that "For as long as I have breath in my body and a platform on which to argue I shall be on your side, by your side and delighted and honoured to argue, powerfully I hope, on behalf of people who have contributed so powerfully to the life of this nation".[249]

Gove is, like the great majority of UK Conservative Party MPs, a member of Conservative Friends of Israel.[250] He has said that the Boycott, Divestment and Sanctions movement against Israel is anti-Semitic.[251] Gove said that jihadist terrorists "hate Israel, and they wish to wipe out the Jewish people's home, not because of what Israel does but because of what Israel is – free, democratic, liberal and western."[251]

First World War

In an article about the First World War centenary in January 2014,[252] Gove criticised academic and television interpretations of World War I as "left-wing versions of the past designed to belittle Britain and its leaders."[253][254]

Some of Gove's key points were rebuffed by the academics that Gove had used to support his thesis. Gove had criticised Cambridge professor Sir Richard Evans saying his views were more like that of an undergraduate cynic in a Footlights review. Instead he urged people to listen to Margaret MacMillan of Oxford University. MacMillan responded, saying: "I agree with some of what Mr Gove says, but he is mistaking myths for rival interpretations of history. I did not say, as Mr Gove suggests, that British soldiers in the First World War were consciously fighting for a western liberal order. They were just defending their homeland and fighting what they saw as German militarism."[255] Evans said Gove's attack was "ignorant" and asked how anyone could possibly say Britons were fighting for freedom given their country's main ally was Tsarist Russia.[256] Jeremy Paxman said Gove had "wilfully misquoted" Evans on the subject of the First World War.[257]

Religion

In 2012, Gove was behind plans to provide schools throughout England and Wales with a copy of the King James Bible (inscribed "presented by the Secretary of State for Education") to celebrate the 400th anniversary of its translation into English, though he said he backed the scheme because of the historical and cultural significance of that translation rather than on purely religious grounds.[258][259]

In 2013, Gove credited Cardinal Keith O'Brien with using his intellect to protect the vulnerable in Scotland whilst regretting the absence of a similar figure in the Kirk.[260]

In April 2015, he described his faith in an article for The Spectator. In widely reported remarks, he complained that "to call yourself a Christian in contemporary Britain is to invite pity, condescension or cool dismissal."[261][262]

In 2016, he credited his Christian faith for his focus as Justice Secretary on redemption and rehabilitation.[263]

Other views

Gove's proposal for a new Royal Yacht costing £60 million was made public in January 2012.[264] Deputy Prime Minister Nick Clegg criticised the idea, calling it "a case of the haves and the have yachts".[265]

In March 2014, he described the concentration of Old Etonians at the top of the Conservative coalition as "ridiculous. I don't know where you can find a similar situation in any other developed economy."[44]

In popular culture

Gove was a member of the winning team in Grampian Television's quiz show Top Club,[266] and played the school chaplain in the 1995 family comedy A Feast at Midnight.[267][268]

Gove was portrayed by actor Oliver Maltman in the 2019 HBO and Channel 4 drama Brexit: The Uncivil War.[269][270]

In the 2020 revival of Spitting Image, Gove's puppet was given "beady eyes, large ears and bulging cheeks".[271] He was voiced by Lewis MacLeod.[272][better source needed]

Personal life

Gove met the journalist Sarah Vine in 1998, when he was comment editor and she was arts editor at The Times.[273] They married in October 2001[274] and have two children[275]—a daughter born in 2003[276] and a son born in 2004.[277] Gove has lived in Earl's Court,[278] Notting Hill,[279] North Kensington[280] and Mayfair.[281] In July 2021, a joint statement on behalf of Gove and Vine said that they had agreed to separate and were in the process of finalising their divorce.[282] Following the separation, Gove lived in an official ministerial residence on Carlton Gardens, St James's.[283] In January 2022, their divorce was granted.[284]

Gove contracted H1N1 swine flu during the 2009 influenza pandemic.[285]

Gove is a supporter of Queens Park Rangers Football Club.[286]

In August 2021, Gove was filmed dancing "merrily" in an Aberdeen nightclub. He had allegedly tried to avoid a £5 entrance fee by stating he was the chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster. Friends of Gove denied he had attempted to avoid paying.[287]

Honours

Awards

Gove won the "Rising Star Award" at the February 2006 Channel 4 political awards,[289] the "Minister of the Year" award at the 2011 Spectator awards,[290] and the "Minister to watch" award at the January 2020 Spectator Parliamentarian of the Year awards.[291]

In 2019, LBC's Iain Dale and a "panel of experts" placed Gove third in a list of that year's "Top 100 Most Influential Conservatives".[292]

Bibliography

Notes

  1. ^ Known as Secretary of State for Housing, Communities and Local Government until 19 September 2021.[1]
  2. ^ Out of office from July to October 2022. Levelling Up, Housing and Development office held by Greg Clark in the second Johnson ministry and Simon Clarke in the Truss ministry, and Intergovernmental Relations office held by Nadhim Zahawi in the Truss ministry.[3]

References

Footnotes

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Sources

  • Oliver, Craig (2016). Unleashing Demons: The Inside Story of Brexit. Hodder and Stoughton. ISBN 978-1-473-65247-7.
  • Bennett, Owen (2019). Michael Gove: A Man In A Hurry. Biteback Publishing. ISBN 978-1785904400.

External links

 
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Michael Gove.
 
Wikiquote has quotations related to Michael Gove.
  • Official website
  • Michael Gove at IMDb
  • at the Conservative Party
  • John Rentoul, , Ethosjournal.com, June 2012.
  • Column archives, Timesonline.co.uk. Accessed 24 December 2022.
  • Profile, economist.com. Accessed 24 December 2022.
  • Profile at Parliament of the United Kingdom
  • Contributions in Parliament at Hansard
  • Contributions in Parliament at Hansard 1803–2005
  • Voting record at Public Whip
  • Record in Parliament at TheyWorkForYou
Parliament of the United Kingdom
Preceded by Member of Parliament
for Surrey Heath
2005–present 		Incumbent
Political offices
Preceded by Shadow Minister for Housing and Planning
2005–2007 		Succeeded by
Preceded byas Shadow Secretary of State for Education and Skills Shadow Secretary of State for Children, Schools and Families
2007–2010 		Succeeded byas Shadow Secretary of State for Education
Preceded byas Secretary of State for Children, Schools and Families Secretary of State for Education
2010–2014 		Succeeded by
Preceded by Chief Whip of the House of Commons
2014–2015 		Succeeded by
Parliamentary Secretary to the Treasury
2014–2015
Preceded by Secretary of State for Justice
2015–2016 		Succeeded by
Lord High Chancellor of Great Britain
2015–2016
Preceded by Secretary of State for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs
2017–2019 		Succeeded by
Preceded by Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster
2019–2021 		Succeeded by
Preceded by Minister for the Cabinet Office
2020–2021
Preceded by Secretary of State for Housing, Communities and Local Government
2021 		Succeeded by
Himself
as Secretary of State for Levelling Up, Housing and Communities
Preceded by
Himself
as Secretary of State for Housing, Communities and Local Government 		Secretary of State for Levelling Up, Housing and Communities
2021–2022 		Succeeded by
New title Minister for Intergovernmental Relations
2021–2022 		Succeeded by
Preceded by Secretary of State for Levelling Up, Housing and Communities
2022–present 		Incumbent
Preceded by Minister for Intergovernmental Relations
2022–present
Party political offices
Preceded by Conservative Chief Whip of the House of Commons
2014–2015 		Succeeded by

May 03, 2023
michael, gove, michael, andrew, gove, born, graeme, andrew, logan, august, 1967, british, politician, serving, secretary, state, levelling, housing, communities, minister, intergovernmental, relations, since, 2021, been, member, parliament, surrey, heath, sinc. Michael Andrew Gove ɡ oʊ v born Graeme Andrew Logan 26 August 1967 is a British politician serving as Secretary of State for Levelling Up Housing and Communities and Minister for Intergovernmental Relations since 2021 b He has been Member of Parliament MP for Surrey Heath since 2005 A member of the Conservative Party he has served in various Cabinet positions under Prime Ministers David Cameron Theresa May Boris Johnson and Rishi Sunak Gove has twice run to become Leader of the Conservative Party in 2016 and 2019 finishing in third place on both occasions The Right HonourableMichael GoveMPOfficial portrait 2021Secretary of State for Levelling Up Housing and Communities a IncumbentAssumed office 25 October 2022Prime MinisterRishi SunakPreceded bySimon ClarkeIn office 15 September 2021 6 July 2022Prime MinisterBoris JohnsonPreceded byRobert JenrickSucceeded byGreg ClarkMinister for Intergovernmental RelationsIncumbentAssumed office 25 October 2022Prime MinisterRishi SunakPreceded byNadhim ZahawiIn office 18 September 2021 6 July 2022Prime MinisterBoris JohnsonPreceded byOffice establishedSucceeded byNadhim ZahawiChancellor of the Duchy of LancasterIn office 24 July 2019 15 September 2021Prime MinisterBoris JohnsonPreceded byDavid LidingtonSucceeded bySteve BarclayMinister for the Cabinet OfficeIn office 13 February 2020 15 September 2021Prime MinisterBoris JohnsonPreceded byOliver DowdenSucceeded bySteve BarclaySecretary of State for Environment Food and Rural AffairsIn office 11 June 2017 24 July 2019Prime MinisterTheresa MayPreceded byAndrea LeadsomSucceeded byTheresa VilliersSecretary of State for JusticeLord ChancellorIn office 9 May 2015 14 July 2016Prime MinisterDavid CameronPreceded byChris GraylingSucceeded byLiz TrussChief Whip of the House of CommonsParliamentary Secretary to the TreasuryIn office 15 July 2014 9 May 2015Prime MinisterDavid CameronPreceded byGeorge YoungSucceeded byMark HarperSecretary of State for EducationIn office 12 May 2010 15 July 2014Prime MinisterDavid CameronPreceded byEd BallsSucceeded byNicky MorganShadow portfolio positions2005 2010Shadow Secretary of State for Children Schools and FamiliesIn office 2 July 2007 11 May 2010LeaderDavid CameronPreceded byDavid WillettsSucceeded byEd BallsShadow Minister for Housing and PlanningIn office 10 May 2005 2 July 2007LeaderMichael HowardDavid CameronPreceded byJohn HayesSucceeded byGrant ShappsMember of Parliamentfor Surrey HeathIncumbentAssumed office 5 May 2005Preceded byNick HawkinsMajority18 349 31 3 Personal detailsBornGraeme Andrew Logan 1967 08 26 26 August 1967 age 55 Aberdeen ScotlandPolitical partyConservativeOther politicalaffiliationsLabour 1983 SpouseSarah Vine m 2001 div 2022 wbr Children2EducationRobert Gordon s CollegeAlma materLady Margaret Hall Oxford BA OccupationPolitician journalist authorSignatureWebsitemichaelgove wbr comGove s voice source source source From the BBC programme Start the Week 30 December 2013 2 Born in Aberdeen Gove was in care until being adopted aged four months old after which he was raised in the Kittybrewster area of the city He attended the independent Robert Gordon s College and studied English at Lady Margaret Hall Oxford He then began a career as a journalist at The Press and Journal before having a long tenure as a leader writer at The Times Elected for Surrey Heath at the 2005 general election he was appointed to the Shadow Cabinet by Cameron in 2007 as Shadow Secretary of State for Children Schools and Families Appointed Secretary of State for Education in the Cameron Clegg coalition Gove terminated the previous Labour government s Building Schools for the Future programme reformed A Level and GCSE qualifications in favour of final examinations and responded to the Trojan Horse scandal The National Association of Head Teachers the Association of Teachers and Lecturers the National Union of Teachers and the NASUWT passed motions of no confidence in his policies at their conferences in 2013 In the 2014 cabinet reshuffle he was moved to the post of chief whip Following the 2015 general election and the formation of the majority Cameron government Gove was promoted to Secretary of State for Justice and Lord Chancellor As the co convenor of Vote Leave Gove was seen along with Johnson a fellow Conservative MP as one of the most prominent figures of the 2016 referendum on EU membership He was campaign manager for Johnson in the 2016 Conservative Party leadership election but withdrew his support on the morning Johnson was due to declare and announced his own candidacy finishing third behind May and Andrea Leadsom Following May s appointment as Prime Minister Gove was dismissed from the Cabinet but was appointed to the second May government as Secretary of State for Environment Food and Rural Affairs following the 2017 general election He launched a second Conservative leadership bid in 2019 coming third behind Johnson and Jeremy Hunt Upon appointment of Johnson as Prime Minister Gove was appointed Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster with responsibilities including preparations for a no deal Brexit He took on the additional role of minister for the Cabinet Office in the 2020 cabinet reshuffle After the 2021 cabinet reshuffle he served as Secretary of State for Levelling Up Housing and Communities and Minister for Intergovernmental Relations until Gove told Johnson to resign during the July 2022 Government crisis and was dismissed by Johnson Under Rishi Sunak Gove was reinstated to his previous roles of Secretary of State for Levelling Up Housing and Communities and Minister for Intergovernmental Relations Contents 1 Early life 2 Journalistic career 3 Political career 3 1 Early parliamentary career 2005 2010 3 2 Secretary of State for Education 2010 2014 3 3 Chief Whip of the House of Commons 2014 2015 3 4 Secretary of State for Justice 2015 2016 3 5 European Union membership referendum 2016 3 6 Conservative Party leadership candidate 2016 3 7 Backbencher 2016 2017 3 8 Secretary of State for Environment Food and Rural Affairs 2017 2019 3 9 Conservative Party leadership candidate 2019 3 10 Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster 2019 2021 3 11 Secretary of State for Levelling Up Housing and Communities 2021 2022 3 12 Backbencher 2022 3 13 Secretary of State for Levelling Up Housing and Communities 2022 present 4 Political stances 4 1 Capital punishment 4 2 Foreign policy 4 2 1 Iraq 4 2 2 Intervention in Syria 4 2 3 Saudi Arabian prisons 4 3 Health 4 4 Scottish independence 4 5 Israel and Jewish people 4 6 First World War 4 7 Religion 4 8 Other views 5 In popular culture 6 Personal life 7 Honours 7 1 Awards 8 Bibliography 9 Notes 10 References 10 1 Footnotes 10 2 Sources 11 External linksEarly life EditGove was born as Graeme Andrew Logan on 26 August 1967 4 5 His biological mother whom he originally believed to have been an unmarried Edinburgh student was in fact a 23 year old cookery demonstrator 4 Gove regarded his birthplace as Edinburgh until it was revealed in a biography in 2019 that he was born in a maternity hospital in Fonthill Road Aberdeen 6 Logan was put into care soon after he was born At the age of four months he was adopted by a Labour supporting couple in Aberdeen Ernest Gove died 2023 7 and Christine Gove by whom he was brought up 8 After he joined the Gove family Logan s name was changed to Michael Andrew Gove 4 His father Ernest ran a fish processing business and his mother Christine was a lab assistant at the University of Aberdeen before working at the Aberdeen School for the Deaf 9 Gove his parents and his adoptive sister Angela Christine lived in a small property in the Kittybrewster area of Aberdeen 10 before relocating to Rosehill Drive He was educated at two state schools Sunnybank Primary School and Kittybrewster Primary School 11 and later on the recommendation of his primary school teacher 12 he sat and passed the entrance exam for the independent Robert Gordon s College 13 In October 2012 he wrote an apology letter to his former French teacher for misbehaving in class 14 Gove joined the Labour Party in 1983 15 and campaigned on behalf of the party for the 1983 general election 16 Outside of school he spent time as a Sunday school teacher at Causewayend Church 16 As he entered sixth year he had to apply for a scholarship as his family fell on difficult economic circumstances 8 He passed the scholarship exam and served as a school prefect in his final two years 17 From 1985 to 1988 he read English at Lady Margaret Hall Oxford 18 19 during which time he joined the Conservative Party 20 He became a member of the Oxford University Conservative Association and was secretary of Aberdeen South Young Conservatives 21 He helped write speeches for Cabinet and Shadow Cabinet ministers including Peter Lilley and Michael Howard 22 During his first year 23 he met future Prime Minister Boris Johnson and ran his campaign to be President of the Oxford Union 24 In an interview with Andrew Gimson Gove remarked that at Oxford Johnson was quite the most brilliant extempore speaker of his generation 25 Gove was elected as Oxford Union President a year after Johnson 26 He graduated with an upper second 27 After university when applying for a job at the Conservative Research Department he was told he was insufficiently political and insufficiently Conservative so he turned to journalism 28 Journalistic career EditGove first found employment on the Peterborough column of The Daily Telegraph after passing an interview with Max Hastings 29 Struggling to maintain his career in London 30 he moved back to Aberdeen and became a trainee reporter at The Press and Journal where he spent several months on strike in the 1989 1990 dispute over union recognition and representation 31 From 1990 32 to 1991 33 he worked as a reporter for Scottish Television with a brief interlude at Grampian Television in Aberdeen 34 After moving to national television in 1991 Gove worked for the BBC s On the Record 33 and the Channel 4 current affairs programme A Stab in the Dark alongside David Baddiel and Tracey MacLeod 35 In 1994 he began working for the BBC s Today programme 36 37 In 1995 he was identified by The Guardian as part of a group of a new breed of 21st century Tories 38 39 He broke the news of the 1995 Conservative Party leadership election thanks to his connections with the upper echelons of the party 38 He joined The Times in 1996 as a leader writer and assumed posts as its comment editor news editor Saturday editor and assistant editor 40 41 He has also written a weekly column on politics and current affairs for the newspaper and contributed to The Times Literary Supplement Prospect magazine and The Spectator He remains on good terms with Rupert Murdoch 42 43 whom Gove described in evidence before the Leveson Inquiry as one of the most impressive and significant figures of the last 50 years 44 He wrote a sympathetic biography of Michael Portillo and a highly critical study of the Northern Ireland peace process The Price of Peace where he compared the Good Friday Agreement to appeasement of the Nazis in the 1930s 19 45 46 He was a regular panellist on BBC Radio 4 s The Moral Maze and Newsnight Review on BBC Two 9 47 Political career Edit Gove outside the Palace of Westminster December 2008 Gove was the founding chairman of Policy Exchange 48 a conservative think tank launched in 2002 49 50 He was involved in founding the right leaning magazine Standpoint to which he occasionally contributed 51 Early parliamentary career 2005 2010 Edit Gove speaking at the Conservative Party Big Society Not Big Government policy launch in March 2010 Gove won the Conservative candidacy for Surrey Heath on 5 July 2004 52 after the sitting MP Nick Hawkins was deselected by the local Conservative association 53 54 He first entered the House of Commons after being elected in the 2005 general election In 2005 he was appointed Shadow Minister for Housing and Planning 55 He made his maiden speech on 7 June 2005 focusing on national security 56 Gove was seen as part of an influential set of Conservatives referred to as the Notting Hill Set which included Conservative leader David Cameron future Chancellor of the Exchequer George Osborne Ed Vaizey Nick Boles and Rachel Whetstone 57 Over a five month period between December 2005 and April 2006 Gove claimed more than 7 000 on a house bought with his wife Sarah Vine in 2002 Around a third of the money was spent at OKA an upmarket interior design company established by Viscountess Astor Cameron s mother in law 58 Shortly afterwards he reportedly flipped his designated second home a property for which he claimed around 13 000 to cover stamp duty 58 Gove also claimed for a cot mattress despite children s items being banned under updated Commons rules Gove said he would repay the claim for the cot mattress but maintained that his other claims were below the acceptable threshold costs for furniture and that moving house was necessary to effectively discharge my parliamentary duties 58 While he was moving between homes on one occasion he stayed at the Pennyhill Park Hotel in Bagshot Surrey following a constituency engagement charging the taxpayer more than 500 per night s stay 58 On 2 July 2007 Gove was promoted to the Shadow Cabinet as Shadow Secretary of State for Children Schools and Families a newly created department set up by Gordon Brown shadowing Ed Balls In the role he advocated the introduction of a Swedish style education voucher system whereby parents would choose where their child would be educated with the state paying what they would have cost in a state school He also advocated Swedish style free schools to be managed by parents and funded by the state 59 with the possibility that such schools would be allowed to be run on a for profit model 60 Prior to the 2010 general election most of Gove s questions in Commons debates concerned children schools and families education local government Council Tax foreign affairs and the environment 61 Secretary of State for Education 2010 2014 Edit Main article Michael Gove s tenure as Education Secretary Gove as Secretary of State for Education November 2012 With the formation of the Conservative Liberal Democrat coalition government following the hung parliament after the 2010 general election Gove became Secretary of State for Education His first moves included reorganising his department 62 announcing plans to allow schools rated as Outstanding by Ofsted to become academies 63 and cutting the previous government s school building programme 64 He apologised however when the list of terminated school building projects he had released was found to be inaccurate the list was reannounced several times before it was finally accurately published 65 In July 2010 Gove said that Labour had failed in their attempt to break the link between social class and school achievement despite spending billions of pounds quoting research he indicated that by the age of six years children of low ability from affluent homes were still out performing brighter children from poorer backgrounds At a House of Commons Education Select Committee he said that this separation of achievement grew larger throughout pupils school careers stating In effect rich thick kids do better than poor clever children when they arrive at school and the situation as they go through gets worse 66 Gove s second home was not in his constituency but in Elstead in the South West Surrey constituency Gove sold the house and began to commute to his constituency 67 During the 2010 Conservative Party Conference Gove announced that the primary and secondary school national curricula for England would be restructured and that study of authors such as Byron Keats Jane Austen Dickens and Thomas Hardy would be reinstated in English lessons as part of a plan to improve children s grasp of English literature and language Academies were not required to follow the national curriculum and so weren t affected by the reforms Children who failed to write coherently and grammatically or who were weak in spelling were penalised in the new examinations Standards in mathematics and science were also strengthened 68 In March 2011 Gove was criticised for not understanding the importance of school architecture and accused of having misrepresented the cost 69 In February 2011 he had told Parliament that one individual had made 1 000 000 in one year when the true figure was 700 000 for five advisers at different times over a four year period 69 During the Cameron Clegg ministry Gove was the subject of repeated criticism for alleged attempts to avoid the provisions of the Freedom of Information Act The criticism surrounded Gove s use of various private email accounts to send emails that allegedly related to his departmental responsibilities The allegations suggested that Gove and his advisers believed they could avoid their correspondence being subject to freedom of information requests as they believed that their private email accounts were not subject to the Freedom of Information Act In September 2011 the Financial Times reported that Gove had used an undisclosed private email account called Mrs Blurt to discuss government business with advisers 70 71 In March 2012 the Information Commissioner ruled that because emails the Financial Times had requested contained public information they could be the subject of a freedom of information request and ordered the information requested by the paper to be disclosed 72 73 It was also alleged by the Financial Times that Gove and his advisors had destroyed email correspondence in order to avoid freedom of information requests The allegation was denied by Gove s department which stated that deleting email was simply part of good computer housekeeping 74 75 In June 2012 Michael Portillo backed Gove to be a serious contender in a future race for the Conservative Party leadership 76 though Gove had said in an interview a few months before that I m constitutionally incapable of it There s a special extra quality you need that is indefinable and I know I don t have it There s an equanimity an impermeability and a courage that you need There are some things in life you know it s better not to try 77 Gove was criticised by teachers unions for his attempts to overhaul English education 78 79 At the Association of Teachers and Lecturers Annual Conference in March 2013 a motion of no confidence in Gove was passed 80 The next month the National Union of Teachers passed a vote of no confidence in Gove at their annual conference and called for his resignation 81 The National Association of Head Teachers and NASUWT also passed motions of no confidence at their conferences that year 82 83 Chief Whip of the House of Commons 2014 2015 Edit On 15 July 2014 Gove s four year stint in charge of the Department for Education came to an end when he was dismissed 84 as Secretary of State for Education and replaced by former Treasury Minister Nicky Morgan in a wide ranging cabinet reshuffle Gove was moved to the post of Government chief whip 85 which was portrayed as a demotion by his detractors Prime Minister Cameron denied this was the case 86 Gove told BBC News that he had mixed emotions about starting the new role saying it was a privilege to become Chief Whip but that leaving the Department for Education was a wrench 87 88 89 The position came with a 30 000 pay cut and a specific media role saw Gove on television and radio more than a traditional Chief Whip would be 90 He missed his first House of Commons vote in the new role as explained by Shadow Commons Leader Angela Eagle Gove not only lost his first vote but managed to get stuck in the toilet in the wrong lobby 91 Gove remained in the post of chief whip until May 2015 when the role was taken over by Mark Harper Secretary of State for Justice 2015 2016 Edit Gove as Secretary of State for Justice May 2015 Following the 2015 general election Cameron promoted Gove as Secretary of State for Justice and Lord Chancellor in his newly formed cabinet 92 He was praised in December 2015 for scrapping the courts fee introduced by his predecessor Chris Grayling 93 The fee had been heavily criticised for among other things causing innocent people to plead guilty out of financial concerns 94 Gove removed the 12 book limit on prison books introduced by Grayling arguing that books increased literacy and numeracy skills needed for making prisoners a potential asset to society The move effective from September 2015 was welcomed by Frances Cook of the Howard League for Penal Reform 95 Gove was also praised for his prominent role in scrapping a British bid for a Saudi prison contract 96 Within three months of his taking office the Criminal Bar Association CBA voted to stop taking new work in protest at Gove s insistence that they work for lower fees 97 The CBA subsequently praised his courage in reversing the proposed cuts 98 On 14 July 2016 Gove was removed from the position of justice secretary by the new prime minister Theresa May 99 European Union membership referendum 2016 Edit Pro European Union protesters waving two banners depicting Gove left and UK Independence Party leader Nigel Farage right Gove was a prominent figure in the campaign for Britain to leave the EU in the 2016 referendum and described his decision to take that side as the most difficult decision of my political life 100 101 102 He and his family spent Christmas with the Camerons at Chequers where according to Craig Oliver Cameron was under the impression that Gove would support remaining in the EU 103 Despite this Gove decided to support the Leave campaign At the beginning of March 2016 he was appointed co convenor of Vote Leave with Labour MP Gisela Stuart and given responsibility for chairing the campaign committee 104 He argued Britain would be freer fairer and better off for leaving 101 and that t he day after we vote to leave we hold all the cards and we can choose the path we want 105 When in an interview it was claimed that there was no expert opinion to support this Gove remarked that the people of this country have had enough of experts from organisations with acronyms saying they know what is best and getting it consistently wrong 106 However interviewer Faisal Islam interrupted Gove after the word experts 107 causing some sources to report that he had made a general statement that the people have had enough of experts 108 In 2021 Louise Richardson the vice chancellor of the University of Oxford said she was embarrassed that Gove was an alumnus on account of these comments 109 In his memoir For the Record Cameron described Gove during this period as mendacious adding One quality shone through disloyalty Disloyalty to me and later disloyalty to Boris Johnson 110 Conservative Party leadership candidate 2016 Edit After Cameron announced his intention to resign as Prime Minister with his successor now likely to be in office by September 2016 Gove was not a candidate having said in the past that he had no interest in becoming Prime Minister 111 Instead he was seen as a strong highly influential supporter of Johnson for that role In a move that surprised most political analysts Gove withdrew his support for Johnson on 30 June 2016 hours before the deadline without any previous notice to Johnson and announced his own candidacy in the leadership election Subsequently Johnson declined to run 112 The Telegraph opined that Gove s actions in undermining Johnson s leadership aspirations constituted the most spectacular political assassination in a generation 113 while The Guardian labelled it as a Machiavellian move 114 Gove said I wanted to help build a team behind Boris Johnson so that a politician who argued for leaving the European Union could lead us to a better future But I have come reluctantly to the conclusion that Boris cannot provide the leadership or build the team for the task ahead I have therefore decided to put my name forward for the leadership I want there to be an open and positive debate about the path the country will now take Whatever the verdict of that debate I will respect it In the next few days I will lay out my plan for the United Kingdom which I hope can provide unity and change 115 By 5 July 2016 Gove was in third place in the leadership election behind May and Andrea Leadsom the latter had gained an endorsement from Johnson Some political analysts predicted that Gove might quit the race if he was unable to beat Leadsom in the first round of voting 116 Later that day it was announced that May had won the first round of voting with support from 165 MPs while Andrea Leadsom received 66 votes and Gove trailed with 48 citation needed Gove was eliminated in the second ballot after receiving 46 votes compared to 199 for May and 84 for Leadsom 117 He subsequently told the media that he was naturally disappointed and described his two opponents as formidable politicians welcoming the fact that the next PM would be female He also encouraged a civilised inclusive positive and optimistic debate 118 Backbencher 2016 2017 Edit Gove addressing a dinner audience on 15 July 2016 the day after his dismissal as Secretary of State for Justice On 14 July 2016 Gove was dismissed by the prime minister Theresa May According to Jon Craig of Sky News Gove was told to go and learn about loyalty on the backbenches in a two minute meeting with May 119 In the aftermath of the EU referendum Gove was accused by Nick Clegg of being the source of a claim by The Sun that Queen Elizabeth II made comments supportive of Brexit in a private lunch at Windsor Castle Clegg told a BBC documentary that Gove obviously communicated it well I know he did 120 121 Gove declined to deny leaking the Queen s comments The Sun said it had multiple sources and was confident its report was true 122 123 In October 2016 Gove was elected to the Exiting the European Union Select Committee 119 That month he was re hired by The Times 124 as a weekly 125 columnist and book reviewer 124 As well as attending meetings of the newspaper s politics team Gove was dispatched to the United States 125 to report on campaign rallies in the upcoming presidential election 126 In December 2016 Gove defended a Vote Leave claim that an additional 350 million a week could be spent on the NHS when Britain left the EU Gove said the figure was robust and it was up to the Government to decide how to spend it 127 In his capacity as a writer for The Times Gove gave the first British post election interview to Donald Trump in January 2017 along with Kai Diekmann from Bild 128 129 making him the second British politician to meet Trump as President elect of the United States after Nigel Farage 41 Despite preferring Hillary Clinton to Trump as President of the United States 130 Gove s interview and consequent defence of it was seen by some who as praising the President elect unduly 131 Secretary of State for Environment Food and Rural Affairs 2017 2019 Edit Gove with Fergus Ewing the Scottish government s Rural Economy Secretary in February 2019 Following the 2017 general election Gove was promoted to Secretary of State for Environment Food and Rural Affairs by May during a reshuffle 132 Gove said he was quite surprised to be asked to join the cabinet after May dismissed him in 2016 after she became Prime Minister 133 Following his appointment Gove announced that a microbead ban would be put into place by the end of 2017 The ban arrived in early 2018 It meant that manufacturers could no longer produce the tiny beads used in cosmetics and care products Another ban came in June 2018 which stopped shops from selling products that contained the beads The reasoning behind the ban was to stop the beads harming marine life 134 In July 2017 Gove announced that a fuel combustion vehicle ban will be put into place due to air pollution He said that the ban would take effect by 2040 and end the sales of new fuel combustion cars trucks vans and buses that have petrol and diesel engines in the UK The ban does not include plug in hybrid vehicles 135 Gove introduced a ban on bee harming pesticides like neonicotinoids 136 He was praised by Greenpeace UK executive director John Sauven for his strong stance on issues like bee harming pesticides single use plastic bottles and the future of the internal combustion engine adding Gove has defied many people s expectations on the environment 137 In October 2017 Gove issued an apology for a joke which compared tough interviews on the Today programme to a sexual encounter with Harvey Weinstein 138 139 He was criticised by political opponents who felt allegations of sexual abuse were not a suitable subject for jokes 140 Other policies Gove had announced by December 2017 were that CCTV would be used in all slaughterhouses and beavers would be reintroduced into the UK 141 Gove faced criticism over the appointment of Ben Goldsmith to the role of non executive director 142 at the Department for Environment Food and Rural Affairs as Goldsmith had previously donated cash to Gove s Surrey Heath constituency 143 Concerns were also raised about the selection process for the job which was overseen by Sir Ian Cheshire the chairman of Goldsmith s investment firm Menhaden Capital Management 143 An important aspect of Gove s tenure was the introduction of laws concerning animal welfare Maximum sentences for the crime of animal cruelty increased as did protection for animals used by Government services such as police dogs and horses 144 One of the toughest worldwide bans on ivory trade was also introduced in 2018 145 May offered Gove the post of secretary of state for exiting the European Union after Dominic Raab s resignation over the Brexit withdrawal agreement in November 2018 Gove rejected the offer after May told him that there was no chance of trying to renegotiate the agreement 146 In January 2019 May survived a vote of no confidence in her government after a barnstorming speech from Gove directed towards the Leader of the Labour Party Jeremy Corbyn 147 The speech which gained significant media attention attacked Corbyn for his foreign policy record with Tom Rogan of the Washington Examiner describing it as A tour de force It was angry but not fanatical passionate but not somber and intellectual but simply put 148 In March 2019 Gove argued that we didn t vote to leave without a deal That wasn t the message of the campaign I helped lead During that campaign we said we should do a deal with the EU and be part of the network of free trade deals that covers all Europe from Iceland to Turkey 149 In April 2019 after having a meeting with Extinction Rebellion Gove said he agreed with the activists that there needed to be a deeper level of public understanding over climate change but he declined to declare a climate emergency in the United Kingdom 150 Despite Gove s position Parliament passed a motion to declare a climate emergency 151 In May 2019 Gove introduced the Wild Animals in Circuses Bill banning the use of wild animals in travelling circuses in England 152 Conservative Party leadership candidate 2019 Edit On 26 May 2019 Gove announced he would stand for the Conservative leadership following May s resignation becoming the eighth candidate to enter the contest 153 He promised to remove the charge for UK citizenship applications from EU nationals if elected 154 and to replace VAT with a simpler sales tax 155 He also planned to scrap the High Speed 2 rail project and increase school funding by 1 billion 156 By 5 June 2019 Johnson became the clear frontrunner with the bookmakers with Gove second favourite followed closely by Jeremy Hunt 157 In June reports emerged that Gove had taken cocaine as a journalist in his twenties 158 159 Gove stated that he regretted having done so and regarded it as having been a mistake 158 159 In an article for The Times in December 1999 Gove had argued against the legalisation of drugs and criticised members of the middle classes for their hypocrisy in doing so 160 This was a key component of his bid to be leader In reaction Craig Oliver said it would have a negative impact on his run whereas fellow candidate for leadership Dominic Raab said he admires Gove s honesty 161 Gove progressed following the first ballot having received 37 votes He received 41 votes in the second ballot and by the third ballot had 51 MPs backing him The fourth ballot saw him gain 61 votes moving him into second position In the last ballot he had 75 votes and was voted out losing by only two to Hunt the eventual runner up 162 Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster 2019 2021 Edit Gove with White House National Security Advisor John Bolton in August 2019 Upon the election of Johnson as Prime Minister Gove was appointed Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster legally representing the Crown as Duke of Lancaster 163 His otherwise non portfolio role included responsibility for no deal Brexit preparations overseeing constitutional affairs maintaining the integrity of the Union and having oversight over all Cabinet Office policy 164 165 Gove was excluded from a place on the National Security Council committee as Johnson pursued a slimming down of Cabinet operations 166 He became a central figure in the conduction of Operation Yellowhammer the civil contingency planning for the possibility of a no deal Brexit 167 Writing in The Sunday Times on 28 July 2019 Gove said that a no deal Brexit was a very real prospect and one that the Government was working on the assumption of 168 169 He said in August that it was wrong and sad that the EU was refusing to negotiate over a new withdrawal agreement 170 That month an official Cabinet Yellowhammer document leaked predicting that a no deal Brexit would lead to food medicine and petrol shortages Gove said the leaked dossier outlined a worst case scenario 171 Interviewed in September 2019 Gove declined to say whether the Government would abide by legislation designed to stop a no deal Brexit 172 During the 2019 Speaker of the House of Commons election Gove nominated Labour MP Chris Bryant to replace John Bercow 173 Gove helped to prepare Johnson for the 2019 general election debates by playing the role of the Labour leader Jeremy Corbyn 174 He offered to stand in for Johnson during a Channel 4 debate on environmental issues but the editor of Channel 4 News said the debate was only open to party leaders 175 On 13 February 2020 Gove took on additional responsibilities as Minister for the Cabinet Office succeeding Oliver Dowden who had been appointed Secretary of State for Digital Culture Media and Sport in Johnson s first large reshuffle of his government 176 During the first COVID 19 pandemic lockdown Gove generated confusion after saying on ITV s Good Morning Britain that children with separated parents were not allowed to move between their parents homes He later apologised and clarified that what he had said was not the case 177 When Johnson was self isolating after having been tested positive for COVID 19 Gove stood in for Johnson briefly from 27 March 2020 at the daily briefings of the pandemic 178 until Gove self isolated himself after a family member developed COVID 19 symptoms 179 In May 2020 Gove was criticised 180 better source needed after his wife Sarah Vine shared a bookcase picture as a very special treat for my trolls which featured a book by the Holocaust denier David Irving and a copy of The Bell Curve which controversially claims that intelligence is highly heritable and that median IQ varies among races 181 182 Another book in the photograph was The Strange Death of Europe by Douglas Murray which according to The Guardian cites Enoch Powell and argues for protecting white Christian Europe from outsiders 183 After Johnson said that the UK had ended trade talks with the EU in October 2020 Gove said that the door was still ajar if the EU made changes over issues including fishing access and that We hope the EU will change their position and we are certainly not saying if they do change their position we can t talk to them 184 Gove was part of a committee of Cabinet ministers comprising Johnson Rishi Sunak and Matt Hancock that made decisions on the COVID 19 pandemic 185 He was chair of the COVID 19 operations subcommittee 185 In a COBR meeting he chaired on 24 November 2020 he agreed with the leaders of the UK s devolved governments to a set of rules governing social mixing for the whole of the country over the Christmas period It allowed for up to three households to form a bubble from 23 to 27 December 186 but was cancelled for London and South East England while being limited to a single day for the rest of England after the discovery of a mutant COVID 19 strain 187 Under the terms of England s all tier COVID 19 restrictions in December 2020 pubs were only legally allowed to serve alcoholic beverages with a substantial meal Gove initially said that this did not include Scotch eggs which he defined as a starter on multiple occasions although he said it would count as a substantial meal if there were table service however he later backtracked and said I do recognise that it is a substantial meal 188 Gove was co chair of the EU UK Partnership Council with European Commission vice president Maros Sefcovic 189 190 On 8 December 2020 after 10 months of talks 191 with Sefcovic he helped reach an agreement that included post Brexit arrangements for the Irish border As a consequence the Government decided to abandon parts of the Internal Market Bill that could have seen the UK break international law 192 David Frost succeeded Gove as the UK chair of the Partnership Council on 1 March 2021 189 In May 2021 Gove attended the 2021 Champions League Final in Porto with his son supporting Chelsea following his visit he was alerted by the NHS Test and Trace system of his potential exposure to the disease and that he would need to self isolate Rather than isolating for the normal ten day period Gove was able to take part in a pilot scheme designed to investigate the efficacy of testing which required him to self isolate for only one day and undergo testing every day for a week 193 194 In a case brought to the High Court of Justice by the Good Law Project in June 2021 Gove was found to have acted unlawfully when the Government awarded a COVID 19 contract without a tender to a polling company owned by long term associates of his and Dominic Cummings then Johnson s chief adviser 195 196 In July 2021 Gove worked part time in Glasgow as part of the Government strategy to strengthen the Union 197 198 Secretary of State for Levelling Up Housing and Communities 2021 2022 Edit In a cabinet reshuffle on 15 September 2021 Gove was appointed Secretary of State for Housing Communities and Local Government He was given responsibilities for the Government s levelling up agenda the Union and elections the last two of which he retained from his previous post 199 200 Within days his department was renamed the Department for Levelling Up Housing and Communities and his title changed to Secretary of State for Levelling Up Housing and Communities He was given the additional title of Minister for Intergovernmental Relations 201 In October 2021 while walking on Horseferry Road in Westminster Gove was accosted by COVID 19 anti lockdown protesters As the protesters attempted to surround him he was protected by police officers and escorted to a nearby building 202 203 In December 2021 Gove was part of a trio of Cabinet ministers that self isolated after meeting Australian Deputy Prime Minister Barnaby Joyce who was later diagnosed with COVID 19 204 Gove launched a white paper on levelling up on 2 February 2022 205 The paper included plans to increase public investment across the UK and expand devolution in England 206 It was reported that parts of it had been copied from Wikipedia 207 During the Russian invasion of Ukraine Gove announced his intention to draft plans to allow Ukrainian refugees to be housed in Russian oligarchs homes in the UK 208 He later announced the Homes for Ukraine scheme which would arrange for British households to take in Ukrainian refugees 209 Gove attended the 2022 Bilderberg meeting in Washington D C 210 The Telegraph journalist Matthew Lynn attacked Gove s record in government describing him as the driving force behind a whole series of terrible policy mistakes In particular Lynn identified Gove s resistance to new skyscrapers in London his changes to the rules concerning the rental sector to make it harder for landlords to evict tenants and his opposition to a fracking trial as damaging the economic growth prospects for the UK 211 On 6 July 2022 Gove was dismissed by Johnson for alleged disloyalty after visiting Downing Street to tell him to resign during the July 2022 Government crisis 212 24 A Downing Street source described him as a snake following the sacking 213 Backbencher 2022 Edit Gove declined to run in the July September 2022 Conservative Party leadership election 214 He endorsed Kemi Badenoch s leadership bid and after her defeat 215 announced his support for Rishi Sunak 216 Following the election of Liz Truss Gove variously backed and criticised the prime minister on Chancellor of the Exchequer Kwasi Kwarteng s controversial reforms to taxation 217 According to journalist Harry Cole Truss offered Gove the posts of British Ambassador to Israel and British Ambassador to China 218 Gove declined to run in the October 2022 Conservative Party leadership election 219 He endorsed Sunak s leadership bid 220 Secretary of State for Levelling Up Housing and Communities 2022 present Edit This section needs expansion with North East England devolution deal Brexit failings summit and building cladding policy You can help by adding to it February 2023 On 25 October 2022 following the accession of Rishi Sunak to the prime ministership Gove was reinstated to his previous roles of Secretary of State for Levelling Up Housing and Communities and Minister for Intergovernmental Relations 221 The appointment was reported as a surprise as Gove had previously said that he did not expect to serve in government again 222 According to The Times in the 2023 cabinet reshuffle Sunak wanted Gove to become Secretary of State for Science Innovation and Technology but Gove asked to stay at the levelling up department 223 In February 2023 following the death of Awaab Ishak a two year old child living in a mould hit flat the Government announced that it would implement Awaab s Law which will require social housing providers to remedy reported damp and mould within certain time limits Gove made the announcement as he met with Awaab s family in Rochdale 224 Political stances EditGove is generally considered as combining socially liberal views for example on gay marriage 225 with a harder Eurosceptic and neoconservative position on foreign affairs 44 He has expressed his view that the state should generally not interfere in domestic affairs and attests to have campaigned for economic freedom in certain matters Gove has argued that the only sustainable ethical foundation for society is a belief in the innate worth and dignity of every individual 226 Giving evidence before the Leveson Inquiry in May 2012 Gove said he was unashamedly on the side of those who say that we should think very carefully before legislation and regulation because the cry Something must be done often leads to people doing something which isn t always wise 227 During the 2008 Conservative Party Conference Gove argued that Edmund Burke an 18th century philosopher who commented on organic society and the French Revolution was the greatest conservative ever When asked about those who believe Marx was right all along he responded that they were guilty of ignoring the systematic abuses and poverty of centrally planned economies and criticised the historian Eric Hobsbawm saying that only when Hobsbawm weeps hot tears for a life spent serving an ideology of wickedness will he ever be worth listening to 228 In remarks prepared for the 2020 Ditchley Lecture Gove portrayed what he saw as the malaise of modern society as leading to populism because the non intellectual classes chose to opt for polarised identity politics rather than stay with broad based national political movements instead of choosing to follow the politics of diversity inclusion and identity politics they were force fed by the elites He praised Franklin D Roosevelt as a model for his renewal of capitalism and he imagined the construction of inclusive societies with the deconstruction of Whitehall Gove stressed basic writing meeting chairing and time management skills for all policy civil servants He ended with a paean to his purpose in public service to tackle inequality 229 230 Capital punishment Edit In 1997 Gove wrote of capital punishment which was abolished in the UK in 1965 arguing in The Times that Were I ever alone in the dock I would not want to be arraigned before our flawed tribunals knowing my freedom could be forfeited as a result of political pressures I would prefer a fair trial under the shadow of the noose 231 The Independent reported in 2015 that Gove had not appeared to repeat his backing for the death penalty since he made the remarks in the late 1990s 232 Foreign policy Edit The Financial Times describes Gove as having strong neoconservative convictions 44 In 2003 he stated that he did not believe the United States current position in the world was analogous to that of an Imperial power as we have come to understand imperial powers 233 William Dalrymple reviewing Gove s book Celsius 7 7 on the roots of Islamic terrorism in The Times dismissed Gove s knowledge of the Middle East as being derivative and based on the views of Bernard Lewis 234 Iraq Edit In February 2003 Gove expressed admiration for New Labour Prime Minister Tony Blair because of the way he was handling the crisis in Iraq As a right wing polemicist all I can say looking at Mr Blair now is what s not to like Blair he thought was behaving like a true Thatcherite 235 In December 2008 Gove wrote that declarations of either victory or defeat in Iraq in 2003 were premature and that the liberation of Iraq was a foreign policy success The liberation of Iraq has actually been that rarest of things a proper British foreign policy success Next year while the world goes into recession Iraq is likely to enjoy 10 GDP growth Alone in the Arab Middle East it is now a fully functioning democracy with a free press properly contested elections and an independent judiciary Sunni and Shia contend for power in parliament not in street battles The ingenuity idealism and intelligence of the Iraqi people can now find an outlet in a free society rather than being deployed as they were for decades simply to ensure survival in a fascist republic that stank of fear 236 Tariq Ali once recalled how at the time of the Iraq War he debat ed the ghastly Gove on television and found him worse than most Bush apologists in the United States 237 Intervention in Syria Edit Gove had to be calmed by parliamentary colleagues in August 2013 after shouting A disgrace you re a disgrace at various Conservative and Liberal Democrat rebels who contributed to defeating the coalition government s motion to attack Syria in retaliation for the 2013 Ghouta attacks 238 He later stated he was reacting to the manner in which Labour MPs celebrated the outcome of the vote 239 Saudi Arabian prisons Edit In 2015 Gove cancelled a 5 9 million contract to provide services for prisons in Saudi Arabia according to The Guardian because it was thought the British government should not be assisting a regime that uses beheadings stoning crucifixions and lashings as forms of punishment Foreign Secretary Philip Hammond was reported by whom to have accused Gove of being naive 240 Health Edit Gove is one of several Conservative MPs who co authored Direct Democracy An Agenda for a New Model Party 2005 241 242 The book says the NHS fails to meet public expectations and calls for it to be dismantled and replaced with personal health accounts 241 Gove fractured his foot in July 2015 His wife Sarah Vine somewhat inaccurately 243 complained in her Daily Mail column that he could not have his foot X rayed by the NHS because the minor injuries unit the couple visited did not provide the facility at weekends 244 Scottish independence Edit Gove believes that Scotland should remain part of the United Kingdom arguing that Scotland s strengths complement those of other parts of the UK 245 He has expressed interest in the idea of letting Scottish people living in the other regions of the UK vote in a second Scottish independence referendum 246 Israel and Jewish people Edit Gove has described himself as a proud Zionist 247 and supports the United Jewish Israel Appeal s fundraising activities 248 In 2019 he reiterated One thing I have always been since I was a boy is a Zionist and spoke of his desire to celebrate everything that Israel and the Jewish people have brought to the life of this world and hold it dear to our hearts and that For as long as I have breath in my body and a platform on which to argue I shall be on your side by your side and delighted and honoured to argue powerfully I hope on behalf of people who have contributed so powerfully to the life of this nation 249 Gove is like the great majority of UK Conservative Party MPs a member of Conservative Friends of Israel 250 He has said that the Boycott Divestment and Sanctions movement against Israel is anti Semitic 251 Gove said that jihadist terrorists hate Israel and they wish to wipe out the Jewish people s home not because of what Israel does but because of what Israel is free democratic liberal and western 251 First World War Edit In an article about the First World War centenary in January 2014 252 Gove criticised academic and television interpretations of World War I as left wing versions of the past designed to belittle Britain and its leaders 253 254 Some of Gove s key points were rebuffed by the academics that Gove had used to support his thesis Gove had criticised Cambridge professor Sir Richard Evans saying his views were more like that of an undergraduate cynic in a Footlights review Instead he urged people to listen to Margaret MacMillan of Oxford University MacMillan responded saying I agree with some of what Mr Gove says but he is mistaking myths for rival interpretations of history I did not say as Mr Gove suggests that British soldiers in the First World War were consciously fighting for a western liberal order They were just defending their homeland and fighting what they saw as German militarism 255 Evans said Gove s attack was ignorant and asked how anyone could possibly say Britons were fighting for freedom given their country s main ally was Tsarist Russia 256 Jeremy Paxman said Gove had wilfully misquoted Evans on the subject of the First World War 257 Religion Edit In 2012 Gove was behind plans to provide schools throughout England and Wales with a copy of the King James Bible inscribed presented by the Secretary of State for Education to celebrate the 400th anniversary of its translation into English though he said he backed the scheme because of the historical and cultural significance of that translation rather than on purely religious grounds 258 259 In 2013 Gove credited Cardinal Keith O Brien with using his intellect to protect the vulnerable in Scotland whilst regretting the absence of a similar figure in the Kirk 260 In April 2015 he described his faith in an article for The Spectator In widely reported remarks he complained that to call yourself a Christian in contemporary Britain is to invite pity condescension or cool dismissal 261 262 In 2016 he credited his Christian faith for his focus as Justice Secretary on redemption and rehabilitation 263 Other views Edit Gove s proposal for a new Royal Yacht costing 60 million was made public in January 2012 264 Deputy Prime Minister Nick Clegg criticised the idea calling it a case of the haves and the have yachts 265 In March 2014 he described the concentration of Old Etonians at the top of the Conservative coalition as ridiculous I don t know where you can find a similar situation in any other developed economy 44 In popular culture EditGove was a member of the winning team in Grampian Television s quiz show Top Club 266 and played the school chaplain in the 1995 family comedy A Feast at Midnight 267 268 Gove was portrayed by actor Oliver Maltman in the 2019 HBO and Channel 4 drama Brexit The Uncivil War 269 270 In the 2020 revival of Spitting Image Gove s puppet was given beady eyes large ears and bulging cheeks 271 He was voiced by Lewis MacLeod 272 better source needed Personal life EditGove met the journalist Sarah Vine in 1998 when he was comment editor and she was arts editor at The Times 273 They married in October 2001 274 and have two children 275 a daughter born in 2003 276 and a son born in 2004 277 Gove has lived in Earl s Court 278 Notting Hill 279 North Kensington 280 and Mayfair 281 In July 2021 a joint statement on behalf of Gove and Vine said that they had agreed to separate and were in the process of finalising their divorce 282 Following the separation Gove lived in an official ministerial residence on Carlton Gardens St James s 283 In January 2022 their divorce was granted 284 Gove contracted H1N1 swine flu during the 2009 influenza pandemic 285 Gove is a supporter of Queens Park Rangers Football Club 286 In August 2021 Gove was filmed dancing merrily in an Aberdeen nightclub He had allegedly tried to avoid a 5 entrance fee by stating he was the chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster Friends of Gove denied he had attempted to avoid paying 287 Honours Edit13 May 2010 Appointed to the Privy Council of the United Kingdom giving him the honorific title The Right Honourable for life 288 Awards Edit Gove won the Rising Star Award at the February 2006 Channel 4 political awards 289 the Minister of the Year award at the 2011 Spectator awards 290 and the Minister to watch award at the January 2020 Spectator Parliamentarian of the Year awards 291 In 2019 LBC s Iain Dale and a panel of experts placed Gove third in a list of that year s Top 100 Most Influential Conservatives 292 Bibliography EditMichael Portillo The Future of the Right London Fourth Estate 1995 The Price of Peace an analysis of British policy in Northern Ireland Archived 31 October 2013 at the Wayback Machine London Centre for Policy Studies 2000 Celsius 7 7 London Weidenfeld amp Nicolson 2006 A Blue Tomorrow New Visions for Modern Conservatives London Politico s 2001 ed with Edward Vaizey and Nicholas Boles Notes Edit Known as Secretary of State for Housing Communities and Local Government until 19 September 2021 1 Out of office from July to October 2022 Levelling Up Housing and Development office held by Greg Clark in the second Johnson ministry and Simon Clarke in the Truss ministry and Intergovernmental Relations office held by Nadhim Zahawi in the Truss ministry 3 References EditFootnotes Edit Ambitious plans to drive levelling up agenda GOV UK Press release 19 September 2021 Archived from the original on 12 May 2022 Retrieved 21 September 2021 Michael Gove Start the Week 30 December 2013 BBC Radio 4 Archived from the original on 17 May 2021 Retrieved 18 January 2014 Riddle Joe 8 September 2022 Who are the new Cabinet ministers Liz Truss s team revealed The Telegraph Retrieved 4 November 2022 a b c Devlin Kate 11 June 2019 Adopted Gove s past detailed in book The Times ISSN 0140 0460 Archived from the original on 8 September 2020 Retrieved 16 June 2019 Blanchard Jack 10 June 2019 POLITICO London Playbook presented by BP We have lift off Gove is the drug I m thinking of How to spend 10 billion POLITICO Archived from the original on 10 June 2019 Retrieved 10 June 2019 Bennett 2019 p 1 Bruce Lindsay 22 January 2023 I owe my dad everything Michael Gove s moving tribute to Aberdeen fish merchant Ernest 86 pressandjournal co uk Retrieved 12 February 2023 a b Johnston Simon 16 May 2010 Teenage Michael Gove supported Labour The Telegraph Archived from the original on 19 May 2010 Retrieved 5 January 2022 a b The Rt Hon Profile Michael Gove michaelgove com Archived from the original on 7 July 2013 Retrieved 27 October 2013 Bennett 2019 p 7 Bennett 2019 p 8 Bennett 2019 p 9 Bennett 2019 p 10 Gove apologises to his former French teacher BBC News 23 October 2012 Archived from the original on 10 May 2013 Retrieved 30 August 2013 Bennett 2019 p 14 a b Bennett 2019 p 15 Bennett 2019 p 16 Prominent alumni Lady Margaret Hall Oxford Archived from the original on 13 January 2020 Retrieved 26 December 2020 a b Michael Gove Newsnight Review BBC 22 April 2009 Archived from the original on 15 July 2004 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Brexit story BBC News 7 August 2016 Archived from the original on 3 December 2019 Retrieved 11 October 2019 Cowburn Ashley 7 August 2016 Nick Clegg thinks Gove leaked the Queen s views on Brexit The Independent Archived from the original on 12 May 2022 Retrieved 11 October 2019 Gove did not brief Queen Brexit story BBC News 12 March 2016 Archived from the original on 4 December 2019 Retrieved 11 October 2019 Dominiczak Peter 9 March 2016 Michael Gove to face questions over Queen Brexit row as minister is implicated in leak The Telegraph Archived from the original on 11 January 2022 Retrieved 11 October 2019 a b Bennett 2019 p 353 a b Bennett 2019 p 354 Bennett 2019 p 355 Mason Rowena 28 December 2016 Brexit campaigner Michael Gove defends NHS funding pledge The Guardian Archived from the original on 16 May 2021 Retrieved 28 December 2016 Gove Michael 16 January 2017 Full transcript of interview with Donald Trump The Times Archived from the original on 29 April 2019 Retrieved 18 January 2017 Stewart Heather 15 January 2017 Michael Gove secures first post election UK interview with Trump The Guardian Archived from the original on 26 January 2021 Retrieved 18 January 2017 Newsnight 16 01 2017 BBC Two 16 January 2017 Archived from the original on 19 January 2017 Retrieved 18 January 2017 Crace John 16 January 2017 Michael Gove gorges on cheesy puff of Donald Trump interview The Guardian Archived from the original on 12 November 2020 Retrieved 18 January 2017 Roberts Rachel 11 June 2017 Cabinet reshuffle Michael Gove returns to Cabinet as Environment Secretary The Independent Archived from the original on 12 May 2022 Retrieved 6 August 2017 Elgot Jessica 11 June 2017 Michael Gove appointed environment secretary in cabinet reshuffle The Guardian Archived from the original on 6 September 2018 Retrieved 11 August 2018 World leading microbeads ban comes into force GOV UK Press release 19 June 2018 Archived from the original on 3 August 2019 Retrieved 3 August 2019 MacLellan Kylie Faulconbridge Guy 26 July 2017 Electric cars win Britain to ban new petrol and diesel cars from 2040 Reuters Archived from the original on 20 February 2021 Retrieved 19 March 2022 Carrington Damian 9 November 2017 UK will back total ban on bee harming pesticides Michael Gove reveals The Guardian ISSN 0261 3077 Archived from the original on 27 July 2019 Retrieved 27 July 2019 Asthana Anushka 12 November 2017 Michael Gove from shy green to full throated environmentalist The Guardian ISSN 0261 3077 Archived from the original on 27 July 2019 Retrieved 27 July 2019 Heighton Luke 28 October 2017 Michael Gove apologises after sparking outrage with Harvey Weinstein joke on Today programme The Telegraph Archived from the original on 11 January 2022 Retrieved 1 January 2018 Michael Gove apologises for clumsy Weinstein joke on Today BBC News 28 October 2017 Archived from the original on 8 January 2018 Retrieved 1 January 2018 Ruddick Graham 28 October 2017 Gove sparks outcry for Weinstein joke that trivialises sexual assault The Guardian Archived from the original on 29 October 2017 Retrieved 29 October 2017 Bennett 2019 p 363 Kleinman Mark 1 March 2018 Gove risks new Whitehall row over choice of DEFRA directors Sky News Archived from the original on 28 July 2018 Retrieved 27 July 2018 a b Vaughan Richard 23 March 2018 Michael Gove facing questions over appointment of Tory donor Ben Goldsmith to Defra board i Archived from the original on 28 July 2018 Retrieved 27 July 2018 Animal cruelty maximum sentences will be increased government confirms GOV UK 7 August 2018 Archived from the original on 20 January 2019 Retrieved 20 January 2019 UK ivory ban to be toughest in the world BBC News 3 April 2018 Archived from the original on 6 April 2019 Retrieved 20 January 2019 Schofield Kevin 16 November 2018 Michael Gove considering his future after turning down PM s offer to become Brexit Secretary PoliticsHome Archived from the original on 8 November 2020 Retrieved 21 February 2021 Michael Gove tears into Jeremy Corbyn as government defeats no confidence vote City A M 16 January 2019 Archived from the original on 5 September 2019 Retrieved 5 September 2019 Rogan Tom 16 January 2019 Michael Gove annihilates Jeremy Corbyn s leadership credibility Washington Examiner Archived from the original on 5 September 2019 Retrieved 5 September 2019 Brexit Did Dominic Raab warn of no deal during referendum campaign BBC News 1 August 2019 Archived from the original on 3 August 2019 Retrieved 3 August 2019 Climate group disappointed by Gove meeting BBC News 30 April 2019 Archived from the original on 22 May 2022 Retrieved 19 March 2022 UK Parliament declares climate emergency BBC News 1 May 2019 Archived from the original on 15 May 2021 Retrieved 19 March 2022 Gove delivers legislation to ban wild animals in circuses GOV UK Press release 1 May 2019 Archived from the original on 19 March 2022 Retrieved 19 March 2022 Tory leadership Gove becomes eighth candidate to enter race BBC News 26 May 2019 Archived from the original on 26 May 2019 Retrieved 26 May 2019 Gove pledges free citizenship applications BBC News 28 May 2019 Archived from the original on 28 May 2019 Retrieved 28 May 2019 Tory leadership contest Michael Gove would scrap VAT BBC News 9 June 2019 Archived from the original on 9 June 2019 Retrieved 10 June 2019 Tory MPs to choose leadership final two BBC News 20 June 2019 Archived from the original on 20 June 2019 Retrieved 20 June 2019 Murphy Joe Cecil Nicholas 5 June 2019 Gove gets leadership race boost as two top Tory women back him Evening Standard Archived from the original on 5 June 2019 Retrieved 7 July 2020 a b Busby Mattha Gayle Damien 8 June 2019 Michael Gove admits to taking cocaine on several occasions The Guardian ISSN 0261 3077 Archived from the original on 8 June 2019 Retrieved 8 June 2019 a b Michael Gove Cocaine mistake a deep regret BBC News 8 June 2019 Archived from the original on 8 June 2019 Retrieved 8 June 2019 Gove criticised cocaine users pushing for legalisation in 1999 column ITV News Archived from the original on 9 June 2019 Retrieved 9 June 2019 Busby Mattha Gayle Damien 8 June 2019 Michael Gove admits to taking cocaine on several occasions The Guardian ISSN 0261 3077 Archived from the original on 21 June 2019 Retrieved 27 July 2019 Johnson and Hunt left in Tory leader race BBC News 20 June 2019 Archived from the original on 21 June 2019 Retrieved 20 June 2019 Casalicchio Emilio 24 July 2019 Michael Gove appointed Cabinet Office boss POLITICO Archived from the original on 25 July 2019 Retrieved 25 July 2019 Wright Oliver 25 July 2019 Boris Johnson s cabinet Feud ends as Gove is given key role in Brexit plans The Times ISSN 0140 0460 Archived from the original on 25 July 2019 Retrieved 25 July 2019 The Rt Hon Michael Gove MP GOV UK 26 July 2019 Archived from the original on 4 July 2015 Retrieved 27 July 2019 Hope Christopher 29 July 2019 No place for Michael Gove on National Security Council as Boris Johnson purges committees The Telegraph ISSN 0307 1235 Archived from the original on 11 January 2022 Retrieved 7 August 2019 Thimont Jack Maddy Etherington Haydon Owen Joe May 2020 The civil service after Brexit PDF Report Institute for Government p 21 Archived PDF from the original on 7 December 2021 Retrieved 3 December 2021 Gove No deal Brexit now assumed by government BBC News 28 July 2019 Archived from the original on 28 July 2019 Retrieved 28 July 2019 Gove Michael 28 July 2019 Michael Gove No deal is a very real prospect We must ensure we are ready The Sunday Times ISSN 0140 0460 Archived from the original on 28 July 2019 Retrieved 28 July 2019 Brexit EU refusing to negotiate says Gove BBC News 6 August 2019 Archived from the original on 6 August 2019 Retrieved 6 August 2019 Brexit No deal dossier shows worst case scenario Gove BBC News 18 August 2019 Archived from the original on 21 August 2019 Retrieved 22 August 2019 Brexit Gove won t commit to abide by law to block no deal BBC News 1 September 2019 Archived from the original on 1 September 2019 Retrieved 1 September 2019 Hope Christopher 3 November 2019 Labour MP Chris Bryant is backed by senior Tories including Michael Gove to succeed John Bercow as Speaker The Telegraph ISSN 0307 1235 Archived from the original on 11 January 2022 Retrieved 4 November 2019 Walker Peter Waterson Jim 19 November 2019 The ITV election debate your complete guide to Johnson v Corbyn The Guardian Archived from the original on 19 November 2019 Retrieved 19 November 2019 Conservatives and Channel 4 clash after Michael Gove turned away from climate debate ITV News 29 November 2019 Archived from the original on 1 December 2019 Retrieved 1 December 2019 Freeguard Gavin 19 February 2020 Government reshuffle February 2020 live blog instituteforgovernment org uk Institute for Government Archived from the original on 3 December 2021 Retrieved 3 December 2021 Braddick Imogen 24 March 2020 Michael Gove forced to clarify lockdown rules on children with separated families after confusion Evening Standard Archived from the original on 24 March 2020 Retrieved 24 March 2020 Coronavirus Prime Minister Boris Johnson tests positive BBC News 27 March 2020 Archived from the original on 28 May 2020 Retrieved 3 December 2021 Jarvis Jacob 7 April 2020 Michael Gove self isolating after family member shows mild coronavirus symptoms Evening Standard Archived from the original on 3 December 2021 Retrieved 3 December 2021 What s on Michael Gove s bookshelf And why it matters libcom org 6 May 2020 Archived from the original on 24 August 2020 Retrieved 3 August 2020 Singh Anita 4 May 2020 Michael Gove draws fire for owning book by Holocaust denier David Irving The Telegraph Archived from the original on 11 January 2022 Retrieved 12 July 2020 Zorzut Adrian 4 May 2020 Michael Gove and wife criticised for showcasing bookshelf which includes Holocaust denier s book The New European Archived from the original on 4 August 2020 Retrieved 12 July 2020 Hinsliff Gaby 6 May 2017 The Strange Death of Europe by Douglas Murray review gentrified xenophobia The Guardian Archived from the original on 6 October 2020 Retrieved 2 August 2020 Brexit Door still ajar for EU trade talks says Gove BBC News 18 October 2020 Archived from the original on 18 October 2020 Retrieved 18 October 2020 a b Tominey Camilla 2 November 2020 After the lockdown leak what does the future hold for Boris Johnson s quad committee The Telegraph Archived from the original on 11 January 2022 Retrieved 3 November 2020 UK wide Christmas arrangements agreed by the UK Government and the Devolved Administrations GOV UK Press release 24 November 2020 Archived from the original on 13 January 2021 Retrieved 9 January 2021 Heffer Greg 21 December 2020 COVID 19 London and most of South East enter Tier 4 lockdown with Christmas bubbles cancelled for millions Sky News Archived from the original on 18 January 2021 Retrieved 9 January 2021 Bland Archie 1 December 2020 Scotch egg is definitely a substantial meal says Michael Gove The Guardian Archived from the original on 6 December 2020 Retrieved 6 December 2020 a b Elgot Jessica O Carroll Lisa 17 February 2021 Brexit negotiator David Frost to have cabinet role as EU pact enforcer The Guardian Archived from the original on 16 July 2022 Retrieved 18 February 2021 Tominey Camilla 11 September 2020 Is Michael Gove really running the country behind the scenes The Telegraph Archived from the original on 11 January 2022 Retrieved 3 November 2020 Gye Hugo 8 December 2020 Brexit deal Breakthrough on Northern Ireland border could be a sign that UK EU talks are on the right track i Archived from the original on 8 December 2020 Retrieved 9 December 2020 Heffer Greg 8 December 2020 Brexit UK to ditch Internal Market Bill clauses after reaching agreement in principle on Northern Ireland Protocol Sky News Archived from the original on 8 December 2020 Retrieved 8 December 2020 Covid Michael Gove alerted by NHS Test and Trace after Champions League trip BBC News 4 June 2021 Archived from the original on 4 June 2021 Retrieved 4 June 2021 Forrest Adam 4 June 2021 Gove gets Covid alert after attending Champions League final in Portugal The Independent Archived from the original on 12 May 2022 Retrieved 4 June 2021 Conn David 9 June 2021 Covid contract for firm run by Cummings friends unlawful finds judge The Guardian Archived from the original on 13 December 2021 Retrieved 13 December 2021 Good Law Project v Cabinet Office High Court of Justice 9 June 2021 Text Wright Oliver Maguire Patrick 13 March 2021 Michael Gove to work part time in Glasgow as Boris Johnson seeks goodwill in Belfast The Times Archived from the original on 13 March 2021 Retrieved 13 March 2021 Gove Michael michaelgove 26 July 2021 It s great to be in our Glasgow HQ today Scotland benefits from its two Governments working together Today we ve been pushing forward on the vaccine rollout and post Covid economic recovery Tweet Retrieved 26 July 2021 via Twitter Payne Adam 15 September 2021 Reshuffle Latest Truss Becomes Foreign Secretary Gove Moves To Housing PoliticsHome Archived from the original on 15 September 2021 Retrieved 15 September 2021 UK Prime Minister 10DowningStreet 15 September 2021 The Rt Hon Michael Gove MichaelGove has been appointed Secretary of State for Housing Communities and Local Government MHCLG He takes on cross government responsibility for levelling up He retains ministerial responsibility for the Union and elections Tweet Retrieved 20 September 2021 via Twitter Cordon Gavin 19 September 2021 Michael Gove heads rebranded Department for Levelling Up Evening Standard Archived from the original on 15 October 2021 Retrieved 20 September 2021 Allegretti Aubrey 19 October 2021 Michael Gove targeted by anti lockdown protesters in Westminster The Guardian Archived from the original on 3 December 2021 Retrieved 3 December 2021 PA Reporter 19 October 2021 Michael Gove Anti lockdown protesters attempt to surround MP in London as police escort them to safety The Scotsman Archived from the original on 3 December 2021 Retrieved 3 December 2021 Ministers Gove Shapps and Raab self isolate after Australian deputy PM meeting BBC News 9 December 2021 Archived from the original on 5 January 2022 Retrieved 5 January 2022 Ferguson Emily 2 February 2022 Levelling Up White Paper All the key points as Michael Gove announces the Government s plan i Archived from the original on 2 February 2022 Retrieved 3 February 2022 Levelling up plan for UK unveiled by Michael Gove BBC News 2 February 2022 Archived from the original on 16 March 2022 Retrieved 16 March 2022 Stone Jon 3 February 2022 Parts of Michael Gove s levelling up plan copied from Wikipedia The Independent Archived from the original on 12 May 2022 Retrieved 3 February 2022 Walt Vivienne 3 March 2022 Ukrainian refugees could be housed in seized Russian oligarch mansions Fortune Archived from the original on 4 March 2022 Retrieved 7 March 2022 Michael Gove announces Homes for Ukraine scheme BBC News 14 March 2022 Archived from the original on 16 March 2022 Retrieved 16 March 2022 Participants Bilderberg Meetings Archived from the original on 29 May 2019 Retrieved 4 June 2022 Lynn Matthew 27 June 2022 Michael Gove is a one man economic catastrophe The Telegraph Archived from the original on 27 June 2022 Retrieved 27 June 2022 Boris Johnson latest Johnson sacks Gove after cabinet ministers pile pressure on PM BBC News 6 July 2022 Archived from the original on 5 July 2022 Retrieved 6 July 2022 Gye Hugo Duffy Nick 6 July 2022 Boris Johnson defies Cabinet snakes to cling on in No 10 i Archived from the original on 6 July 2022 Retrieved 6 July 2022 Webster Laura 7 July 2022 Here s who s confirmed to stand in and ruled out of the Tory leadership race The National Archived from the original on 8 July 2022 Retrieved 9 July 2022 Forsyth James 10 July 2022 Gove backs Kemi Badenoch for prime minister The Spectator Archived from the original on 10 July 2022 Retrieved 10 July 2022 Walker Peter 19 August 2022 Gove backs Sunak and says Truss taking holiday from reality The Guardian Retrieved 19 August 2022 Tory conference Michael Gove hints he will vote against Liz Truss s tax plan BBC News 2 October 2022 Retrieved 6 October 2022 Harding Thomas 4 November 2022 How Liz Truss planned to launch Michael Gove on Israel thenationalnews com Retrieved 4 November 2022 Sparrow Andrew 20 October 2022 Liz Truss quits candidates to be prime minister must have at least 100 nominations from Tory MPs as it happened The Guardian Archived from the original on 20 October 2022 Retrieved 20 October 2022 Forrest Adam 24 October 2022 Priti Patel and Michael Gove both back Rishi Sunak for PM The Independent Retrieved 24 October 2022 Morris Sophie 25 October 2022 Rishi Sunak claims new cabinet reflects a unified party as Suella Braverman and Michael Gove make shock comebacks Sky News Retrieved 25 October 2022 Elliards Xander 1 September 2022 Michael Gove dismisses rumours he plans to resign as Conservative MP The National Retrieved 28 October 2022 Holden Jude 7 February 2023 Michelle Donelan replaced as Culture Secretary in cabinet reshuffle Swindon Advertiser Retrieved 12 February 2023 Government to deliver Awaab s Law GOV UK Press release 9 February 2023 Retrieved 10 February 2023 Here s where all the Tory candidates stand on LGBT rights PinkNews 30 June 2016 Archived from the original on 8 June 2017 Retrieved 11 June 2017 He was one of just 29 Conservative MPs to vote in favour of Labour s Equality Act in 2007 McSmith Andy 27 September 2008 Michael Gove The modest moderniser The Independent Archived from the original on 12 May 2022 Retrieved 27 October 2013 Michael Gove Leveson and the case for liberty Cranmer 30 May 2012 Archived from the original on 2 June 2012 Retrieved 30 May 2012 some of us believe that before the case for regulation is made the case for liberty needs to be asserted as well Gove Michael 27 October 2008 When you re in a hole don t dig any new ones The Times Archived from the original on 29 April 2011 Retrieved 5 April 2010 Gove Michael 28 June 2020 The privilege of public service Michael Gove s Ditchley Lecture full text New Statesman Archived from the original on 30 June 2020 Retrieved 4 July 2020 Speer Sean 3 July 2020 Opposition to WE Charity shows Tories lack a basic theory of statecraft National Post Toronto Retrieved 5 January 2022 Holehouse Matthew 10 May 2015 Michael Gove new Justice Secretary wanted to bring back hanging The Telegraph Archived from the original on 11 January 2022 Retrieved 11 May 2015 Dathan Matt 11 May 2015 Michael Gove David Cameron s new Justice Secretary called for the return of hanging in 1998 The Independent Archived from the original on 12 May 2022 Retrieved 9 June 2021 Gove Michael et al 26 July 2003 Liberal Intervention The Empire s New Clothes PDF Panel discussion sponsored by the Foreign Policy Centre and Prospect at St Leonard s Shoreditch Archived from the original PDF on 29 October 2013 Retrieved 12 February 2012 Dalrymple William 24 September 2006 A global crisis of understanding The Times Archived from the original on 12 March 2007 Retrieved 5 April 2010 Gove Michael 25 February 2003 I can t fight my feelings any more I love Tony The Times Archived from the original on 16 May 2015 Retrieved 17 January 2017 Gove Michael 21 December 2008 Triumph of freedom over evil Scotland on Sunday Archived from the original on 9 June 2011 Retrieved 8 May 2010 Ali Tariq 30 August 2013 The Vassal s Revolt London Review of Books Archived from the original on 17 November 2018 Retrieved 31 August 2013 Syria debate Michael Gove brands Tory and Lib Dem rebels a disgrace The Guardian Press Association 30 August 2013 Archived from the original on 29 November 2020 Retrieved 30 August 2013 Mason Rowena 3 September 2013 Michael Gove says he was angry at Labour MPs who cheered Syria vote The Guardian Archived from the original on 26 May 2021 Retrieved 3 September 2013 Khomami Nadia 13 October 2015 Saudi prisons contract Gove and Hammond clash over deal The Guardian Archived from the original on 1 April 2016 Retrieved 5 July 2016 a b Helm Toby Syal Rajeev 16 August 2009 Key Tory MPs backed call to dismantle NHS The Guardian Archived from the original on 9 March 2021 Retrieved 14 September 2014 Additional support The Telegraph 8 June 2005 Archived from the original on 11 January 2022 Retrieved 14 September 2014 Jackson Jasper 20 November 2015 Telegraph misled readers over NHS x ray service press watchdog finds The Guardian Archived from the original on 22 May 2020 Retrieved 5 July 2016 Lay Kat 23 July 2015 Gove can t get x ray at weekend The Times Archived from the original on 19 November 2015 Retrieved 23 July 2015 Gove Michael 12 October 2008 Iceland has shown up Salmond as a Darien dreamer The Scotsman Archived from the original on 22 December 2009 Retrieved 7 July 2011 Johnson Simon 20 August 2020 Michael Gove suggests Scots living in rest of UK could vote in second independence referendum The Telegraph Archived from the original on 11 January 2022 Retrieved 23 August 2020 Gove tells UJIA I am a proud Zionist The Jewish Chronicle 22 September 2011 Archived from the original on 24 November 2011 Retrieved 29 May 2012 Michael Gove helps to raise 2 8m for UJIA projects The Jewish Chronicle 10 October 2011 Archived from the original on 8 August 2020 Retrieved 16 July 2022 Harpin Lee 17 September 2019 Antisemitism has morphed into hatred of Israel Michael Gove tells UJIA dinner The Jewish Chronicle Archived from the original on 20 September 2019 Retrieved 17 September 2019 Michael Gove To me Israel is an inspiration CFI Archived from the original on 1 June 2019 Retrieved 1 June 2019 a b Gove says boycott of Israeli goods is sign of resurgent antisemitism The Guardian 9 September 2014 Archived from the original on 21 August 2019 Retrieved 21 August 2019 Elgot Jessica 4 January 2014 Michael Gove Attacked For Blackadder Comments On Left Wing Whitewash Of WW1 History The Huffington Post Archived from the original on 16 July 2018 Retrieved 5 January 2014 Perry Kerry 3 January 2014 Michael Gove criticises Blackadder myths about First World War The Telegraph Archived from the original on 11 January 2022 Retrieved 26 December 2015 Hunt Tristram 4 January 2014 Michael Gove using history for politicking is tawdry The Observer Archived from the original on 26 May 2021 Retrieved 26 December 2015 Helm Toby Thorpe Vanessa Oltermann Philip 4 January 2014 Labour condemns Michael Gove s crass comments on First World War The Observer Archived from the original on 17 May 2021 Retrieved 5 January 2014 Brown Jonathan 3 January 2014 Cambridge history professor hits back at Michael Gove s ignorant attack The Independent Archived from the original on 12 May 2022 Retrieved 25 August 2014 Plunkett John 15 January 2014 Jeremy Paxman accuses Michael Gove of wilfully misquoting historian The Guardian Archived from the original on 11 November 2020 Retrieved 15 January 2014 Hughes David 25 May 2012 Michael Gove defends school Bibles scheme The Independent Archived from the original on 12 May 2022 Retrieved 27 October 2013 Wintour Patrick 17 January 2012 And lo Gove s Bible project did run into a spot of bother The Guardian Archived from the original on 18 May 2021 Retrieved 27 October 2013 Gove Michael 1 November 2008 Flabby Kirk needs to regain its moral might The Scotsman Archived from the original on 17 November 2018 Retrieved 27 October 2013 In defence of Christianity The Spectator 4 April 2015 Archived from the original on 17 January 2018 Retrieved 17 January 2018 Bingham John 1 April 2015 Christianity now written off as fixation with sky pixie Michael Gove The Telegraph Archived from the original on 11 January 2022 Farley Harry 26 January 2016 Michael Gove says his Christianity informs his justice policy I believe in redemption Christian Today Archived from the original on 7 July 2022 Retrieved 13 March 2022 Burns John F 16 January 2012 Education Minister Suggests a Yacht for Queen Elizabeth II The New York Times Archived from the original on 6 August 2017 Retrieved 27 February 2017 Nick Clegg Says Royal Yacht Not Top Of Priority List The Huffington Post 16 January 2012 Archived from the original on 13 June 2018 Retrieved 29 May 2012 BBC Newsnight 3 February 2014 NEWSNIGHT Michael Gove in 90 s TV game show real ale and real women YouTube Archived from the original on 12 December 2021 A Feast at Midnight 1994 Full cast and crew IMDb Archived from the original on 14 February 2014 Retrieved 27 October 2013 Woodhams Ben 18 August 2012 Gove at Midnight YouTube Archived from the original on 12 December 2021 Retrieved 9 August 2014 Bennett Asa 28 December 2018 Brexit The Uncivil War review Benedict Cumberbatch is superb in this thrilling romp through the referendum The Telegraph ISSN 0307 1235 Archived from the original on 11 January 2022 Retrieved 8 January 2019 Elliott Matthew 4 January 2019 Vote Leave s Matthew Elliott on Channel 4 s Brexit The Uncivil War Financial Times Archived from the original on 24 July 2019 Retrieved 8 January 2019 Screenwriter James Graham has turned the campaign into a compelling story and nailed my mannerisms Lewis Isobel 11 September 2020 Spitting Image Michael Gove and Dominic Raab puppets revealed ahead of show s return The Independent Archived from the original on 12 May 2022 Retrieved 26 October 2020 Stronge Matt TheMattStronge 2 October 2020 Our first episode goes out tomorrow Here s a clip from the show written by the brilliant bronactitley with the incredible vocal talents of lewismacleod amp indyv9 Tweet Retrieved 23 May 2022 via Twitter Bennett 2019 p 123 Michael Gove and wife Sarah Vine finalising their divorce STV News 2 July 2021 Archived from the original on 11 July 2021 Retrieved 7 July 2021 Dixon Hayley 11 September 2013 Summer holidays with Michael Gove are complete nightmare says wife Sarah Vine The Telegraph Archived from the original on 11 January 2022 Retrieved 23 August 2020 Bennett 2019 p 171 Bennett 2019 p 181 Coates Sam 16 November 2018 Gove on edge after rejecting new job The Times Archived from the original on 20 October 2020 Retrieved 23 August 2020 Bennett 2019 p 92 Bennett 2019 p 103 Bennett 2019 p 141 Allegretti Aubrey 2 July 2021 Michael Gove and wife Sarah Vine to divorce after drifting apart The Guardian Archived from the original on 2 July 2021 Retrieved 2 July 2021 Tominey Camilla 4 October 2022 Why snake Michael Gove won t be invited back to No 10 any time soon The Telegraph Archived from the original on 4 October 2022 Retrieved 4 October 2022 Farmer Brian 6 January 2022 Judge draws marriage of Michael Gove and Sarah Vine to a close Evening Standard Retrieved 18 January 2023 Walker Tim 25 July 2009 Michael Gove is the latest celebrity victim of swine flu The Telegraph Archived from the original on 11 January 2022 Retrieved 11 August 2020 White Michael 19 May 2014 Diary Match of the day Wembley s all set for a Michael Gove Jeremy Browne love in The Guardian Archived from the original on 14 April 2016 Retrieved 4 April 2016 Syal Rajeev 29 August 2021 Merry Michael Gove seen dancing alone in Aberdeen nightclub The Guardian Archived from the original on 5 September 2021 Retrieved 7 September 2021 Orders for 13 May 2010 Privy Council Office Archived from the original on 11 June 2011 Bennett 2019 p 193 Dods Parliamentary Companion 2013 London Dods 2013 p 183 ISBN 9781908232106 The Spectator Parliamentarian of the Year Awards The Winners The Spectator 22 January 2020 Archived from the original on 13 March 2022 Retrieved 12 March 2022 Dale Iain 30 September 2019 The Top 100 Most Influential Conservatives of 2019 LBC Archived from the original on 30 September 2019 Retrieved 18 November 2019 Sources Edit Oliver Craig 2016 Unleashing Demons The Inside Story of Brexit Hodder and Stoughton ISBN 978 1 473 65247 7 Bennett Owen 2019 Michael Gove A Man In A Hurry Biteback Publishing ISBN 978 1785904400 External links Edit Wikimedia Commons has media related to Michael Gove Wikiquote has quotations related to Michael Gove Official website Michael Gove at IMDb Profile at the Conservative Party John Rentoul The Independent names Michael Gove as a top public service innovator Ethosjournal com June 2012 Column archives Timesonline co uk Accessed 24 December 2022 Profile economist com Accessed 24 December 2022 Profile at Parliament of the United Kingdom Contributions in Parliament at Hansard Contributions in Parliament at Hansard 1803 2005 Voting record at Public Whip Record in Parliament at TheyWorkForYouParliament of the United KingdomPreceded byNick Hawkins Member of Parliamentfor Surrey Heath2005 present IncumbentPolitical officesPreceded byJohn Hayes Shadow Minister for Housing and Planning2005 2007 Succeeded byGrant ShappsPreceded byDavid Willettsas Shadow Secretary of State for Education and Skills Shadow Secretary of State for Children Schools and Families2007 2010 Succeeded byEd Ballsas Shadow Secretary of State for EducationPreceded byEd Ballsas Secretary of State for Children Schools and Families Secretary of State for Education2010 2014 Succeeded byNicky MorganPreceded byGeorge Young Chief Whip of the House of Commons2014 2015 Succeeded byMark HarperParliamentary Secretary to the Treasury2014 2015Preceded byChris Grayling Secretary of State for Justice2015 2016 Succeeded byLiz TrussLord High Chancellor of Great Britain2015 2016Preceded byAndrea Leadsom Secretary of State for Environment Food and Rural Affairs2017 2019 Succeeded byTheresa VilliersPreceded byDavid Lidington Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster2019 2021 Succeeded bySteve BarclayPreceded byOliver Dowden Minister for the Cabinet Office2020 2021Preceded byRobert Jenrick Secretary of State for Housing Communities and Local Government2021 Succeeded byHimselfas Secretary of State for Levelling Up Housing and CommunitiesPreceded byHimselfas Secretary of State for Housing Communities and Local Government Secretary of State for Levelling Up Housing and Communities2021 2022 Succeeded byGreg ClarkNew title Minister for Intergovernmental Relations2021 2022 Succeeded byNadhim ZahawiPreceded bySimon Clarke Secretary of State for Levelling Up Housing and Communities2022 present IncumbentPreceded byNadhim Zahawi Minister for Intergovernmental Relations2022 presentParty political officesPreceded byGeorge Young Conservative Chief Whip of the House of Commons2014 2015 Succeeded byMark Harper Portals Biography Politics Conservatism United Kingdom Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Michael Gove amp oldid 1149744733, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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