fbpx
Wikipedia

List of malvid families

December 20, 2023

The malvids consist of eight orders of flowering plants: Brassicales, Crossosomatales, Geraniales, Huerteales, Malvales, Myrtales, Picramniales and Sapindales.[a] This subgroup of the rosids is divided into 59 families of trees, shrubs, vines and herbaceous plants.[4][5]

Theobroma cacao, the source of chocolate

The cabbage family includes broccoli, turnips and radishes.[6] The ornamental geraniums, and their many hybrids and cultivars, come from five species of Pelargonium.[7] The mallow family includes the plants that yield cocoa beans, Cola nuts, cotton and jute.[8] Pomegranates were cultivated by Bronze Age cultures, and wild water chestnuts were consumed in large quantities by prehistoric Europeans.[9] Eucalyptus trees are the tallest known flowering plants, up to 100 m (330 ft) or more; they are grown for timber and for their oils, used in candy, perfumes and cough medicine.[10] Mangos and cashews come from the same plant family as poison ivy, and can sometimes trigger allergic reactions.[11] Canada produces most of the world's maple syrup, and the maple leaf is the country's national symbol.[12] Citrus agriculture outranks other sweet-fruit industries in warm climates.[13]

Glossary edit

From the glossary of botanical terms:

The APG IV system is the fourth in a series of plant taxonomies from the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group.[2] In this system, Geraniales and Myrtales are basal within the malvids.[15]

Families edit

Families
Family and a common name[16][b] Type genus and etymology[c] Total genera; global distribution Description and uses Order[4] Type genus images
Akaniaceae (turnipwood family)[18] Akania, from Greek for "bractless", possibly[18][19] 2 genera, in the Himalayas, China, Southeast Asia and Australia[20] Trees with a mustard scent in the bark and flowers[18] Brassicales
 
Akania bidwillii
Alzateaceae (wantsum family)[21] Alzatea, for José Antonio de Alzate y Ramírez (d. 1795), a cartographer[21] 1 genus, in South America[22] Short evergreen trees and shrubs with four-sided stems[21][23] Myrtales
 
Alzatea verticillata
Anacardiaceae (cashew family)[24] Anacardium, from a Greek plant name[24][25] 79 genera, mostly in the tropics, with some temperate species[26][27] Shrubs, trees and vines, generally with sap that can turn black. Cashews and mangos are commercially important tropical crops.[24][28] Sapindales
 
Anacardium occidentale
Aphloiaceae (mountain-peach family)[29] Aphloia, from Greek for "unbarked"[29] 1 genus, in Africa and on islands of the Indian Ocean[30] Evergreen shrubs and small trees[29] Crosso­somatales
 
Aphloia theiformis
Bataceae (turtleweed family)[31] Batis, from Greek for "walking"[32] 1 genus, in New Guinea, Australia, and the tropics and subtropics of the Americas[33] Short, succulent viny shrubs with unisexual flowers[23][31] Brassicales
 
Batis maritima
Biebersteiniaceae (khardug family)[34] Biebersteinia, for Friedrich August Marschall von Bieberstein (1768–1826)[34] 1 genus, in Eurasia[35] Foul-smelling herbaceous perennials with woody rhizomes[34] Sapindales
—
Bixaceae (annatto family)[36] Bixa, from a Carib plant name[36][37][38] 3 genera, in the Americas and Madagascar[39] Shrubs, trees and herbaceous perennials. Bixa orellana yields annatto, a widely used red food dye.[28][36] Malvales
 
Bixa orellana
Brassicaceae (cabbage family)[6] Brassica, from a Latin plant name[40][41][42] 344 genera, scattered around the world, especially in the Northern Hemisphere[43][44] Shrubs and herbaceous plants, with a few vines and small trees and a few species that grow in water. The cabbage family includes broccoli, cauliflower, turnips, watercress, radishes and horseradish, along with the plants that yield canola oil and the mustards.[6][23] Brassicales
 
Brassica oleracea
Burseraceae (frankincense-and-myrrh family)[45] Bursera, for Joachim Burser (1583–1639)[45][46] 18 genera, in the tropics[26][47] Generally unisexual shrubs and trees, with some climbers and some species that grow on other plants. Most species, especially in the frankincense and myrrh genera, are heavily scented.[23][45] Sapindales
 
Bursera simaruba
Capparaceae (caper family)[48] Capparis, from a Greek plant name[49][50] 15 genera, around the world[43][51] Shrubs and trees, with up to 250 stamens per flower. Capers (the preserved flower buds of Capparis) are usually harvested in the wild rather than cultivated.[48][52] Brassicales
 
Capparis spinosa
Caricaceae (papaya family)[53] Carica, from a Latin plant name[54][55] 6 genera, in West Africa and the tropics of the Americas[43][56] Shrubs and trees, usually unisexual and spiny, with a few vines. Papaya fruit was already in cultivation in Central America before 1500.[28][53] Brassicales
 
Carica papaya
Cistaceae (rock-rose family)[57] Cistus, from a Greek plant name[58][59][60] 8 genera, mainly in warmer parts of the Northern Hemisphere[61][62] Shrubs and herbaceous plants, frequently with volatile oils, with a few tall tree species. Labdanum (from Cistus) is used in perfumes.[23][57] Malvales
 
Cistus monpeliensis
Cleomaceae (spiderflower family)[63] Cleome, from Greek for "glory"[63][64][65] 2 genera, in the subtropics, the tropics, and North America[66] Shrubs and herbaceous plants. The leaves are consumed in South Africa.[23][63] Brassicales
 
Cleome ornithopodioides
Combretaceae (bushwillow family)[67] Combretum, from a Latin plant name[68][69] 10 genera, in the tropics[70][71] Shrubs, trees and woody vines, along with a few mangroves[52][67] Myrtales
 
Combretum fruticosum
Crossosomata­ceae (rockflower family)[72] Crossosoma, from Greek for "fringed body" (of the seeds)[72][73] 4 genera, in the US and northeastern Mexico[74] Shrubs, often with small leaves, and a few trees[72] Crosso­somatales
 
Crossosoma californicum
Crypteroniaceae (bekoi family)[75] Crypteronia, from Greek for "hidden love" (for the small flowers)[75][76] 3 genera, in the Asian tropics[77] Evergreen trees with tiny bisexual or unisexual flowers[75] Myrtales
—
Cytinaceae (rockrose-rape family)[78] Cytinus, from Greek for "part of a pomegranate"[78][79] 2 genera, in Africa and nearby islands, western Asia, and Mexico to northern South America[80] Parasitic plants without chlorophyll, usually with unisexual flowers[78] Malvales
 
Cytinus hypocistis
Dipentodontaceae (shichi family)[81] Dipentodon, from Greek for "two groups of five teeth" (on the sepals and petals)[81][82] 2 genera, scattered around the world[81][83] Unisexual and bisexual shrubs and trees[81] Huerteales
—
Dipterocarpaceae (maranti family)[84] Dipterocarpus, from Greek for "two-winged fruit"[84][85] 16 genera, in South America, Africa and southern parts of Asia[61][86] Mostly evergreen trees with scented resins. These rainforest trees were an important source of timber and camphor a century ago, but they have been depleted from overlogging.[84][87] Malvales
 
Dipterocarpus alatus
Emblingiaceae (slippercreeper family)[88] Emblingia, for Thomas Embling (1814–1893)[89] 1 genus, in Australia[90] Herbaceous shrubs with low branches[88] Brassicales
 
Emblingia calceoliflora
Francoaceae (bridal-wreath family)[91] Francoa, for Francisco Franco (c. 1515 – c. 1569), a Spanish doctor[91][92] 6 genera, in South America and Africa[93][94] Small trees, large shrubs and herbaceous plants, some used in herbal teas[28][91] Geraniales
 
Francoa appendiculata
Geissolomataceae (cape-cups family)[95] Geissoloma, from Greek for "tiled fringe" (on the petals)[96] 1 genus, in South Africa[97] Short, many-branched shrubs that bioaccumulate aluminium[95] Crosso­somatales
 
Geissoloma marginatum
Geraniaceae (crane's-bill family)[7] Geranium, from a Greek plant name meaning "crane"[98][99][100] 8 genera,scattered around the world[93][101] Shrubs and herbaceous plants, most of them hairy, some succulent[7][23] Geraniales
 
Geranium dissectum
Gerrardinaceae (brown-ironwood family)[102] Gerrardina, for William Tyrer Gerrard (c. 1831 – 1866)[103] 1 genus, in southern Africa and Tanzania[104] Shrubs and small trees, frequently with drooping branches[102] Huerteales
 
Gerrardina foliosa
Guamatelaceae (Guatemalan-bramble family)[105] Guamatela, an anagram of Guatemala[105] 1 genus, in Mexico and Central America[106] Many-branched shrubs[105] Crosso­somatales
—
Gyrostemona­ceae (buttoncreeper family)[107] Gyrostemon, from Greek for "round stamens"[107][108] 5 genera, in Australia[43][109] Annual unisexual shrubs and small trees, frequently succulent[107] Brassicales
 
Gyrostemon ramulosis
Kirkiaceae (white-seringa family)[45] Kirkia, for John Kirk (1832–1922)[110] 1 genus, in Africa[111] Trees and shrubs with essentially unisexual flowers. Timber from Kirkia acuminata is used for construction, furniture and tool-making.[45] Sapindales
 
Kirkia wilmsii
Koeberliniaceae (allthorn family)[112] Koeberlinia, for Christoph Ludwig Köberlin (1794–1862), a German botanist and clergyman[113] 1 genus, in the US, Mexico and Bolivia[114] Deciduous, many-branched, thorny-tipped shrubs and small trees[23][112] Brassicales
 
Koeberlinia spinosa
Limnanthaceae (meadowfoam family)[115] Limnanthes, from Greek for "marsh flowers"[116][117] 2 genera, in North America[118] Mustard-scented herbaceous annuals. Poached egg plant is grown as an ornamental.[115] Brassicales
 
Limnanthes douglasii
Lythraceae (pomegranate family)[119] Lythrum, from Greek for "bloody" (flowers)[120][121][122] 28 genera, in temperate and tropical Eurasia, Africa and Oceania[70][123] Shrubs, trees and herbaceous plants, often with square stems, with some mangroves and aquatic species[52][119] Myrtales
 
Lythrum salicaria
Malvaceae (mallow family)[8] Malva, from a Latin plant name[124][125][126] 245 genera, scattered worldwide[61][127] Hairy shrubs, trees and herbaceous plants. Cocoa beans are native to tropical South and Central America, and Cola nuts are native to West Africa. The most commercially valuable genera are Gossypium (cotton) and Corchorus (jute).[8][52] Malvales
 
Malva sylvestris
Melastomataceae (senduduk family)[128] Melastoma, from Greek for "black mouth" (the result of eating the berries)[129][130] 164 genera, mostly in the tropics and subtropics[70][131] Trees, shrubs and herbaceous plants, with a few species that grow in water or on other plants[52][128] Myrtales
 
Melastoma malabathricum
Meliaceae (neem family)[132] Melia, from a Greek plant name[129][133][134] 58 genera, in the tropics, with some temperate species[26][135] Generally unisexual shrublets, shrubs and trees. Neem oil has many uses, including as a pesticide, and the wood is similar to mahogany.[28][132] Sapindales
 
Melia azedarach
Moringaceae (horseradish-tree family)[136] Moringa, from a Tamil plant name[137] 1 genus, in Africa, Southwest Asia and South Asia[138] Mustard-scented shrubs and trees, with a few herbaceous plants[28][136] Brassicales
 
Moringa oleifera
Muntingiaceae (bajelly-tree family)[139] Muntingia, for Abraham Munting (1626–1683)[140][141] 3 genera, from Mexico to South America[142] Hairy shrubs and trees[23][139] Malvales
 
Muntingia calabura
Myrtaceae (myrtle family)[143] Myrtus, from Greek and Latin plant names[144][145][146] 126 genera, in the tropics and warmer temperate zones[70][147] Evergreen shrubs and trees, most with volatile oils, including Eucalyptus and the tree that produces clove spice[23][143] Myrtales
 
Myrtus communis
Neuradaceae (pietsnot family)[148] Neurada, from Greek and Latin plant names[149][150] 3 genera, in Africa and southern Asia[151] Herbaceous plants, usually with hairy stems that hug the ground[148] Malvales
 
Neurada procumbens
Nitrariaceae (nitrebush family)[152] Nitraria, from Greek for "nitre" (found near the plant)[152][153] 4 genera, scattered around the world[154] Shrubs and herbaceous plants, frequently succulent, that bioaccumulate salt[152] Sapindales
 
Nitraria billardierei
Onagraceae (fuchsia family)[155] Oenothera. Onagra, an earlier synonym, is from Greek for "onager" (fodder).[155][156][157] 22 genera, scattered worldwide[70][158] Shrubs and a few trees and woody vines, including Fuchsia and evening primrose[52][155] Myrtales
 
Oenothera biennis
Penaeaceae (cape-fellwort family)[159] Penaea, for Pierre Pena (1535–1605), a French doctor and botanist[160][161] 3 genera, from South Africa to Ethiopia[162] Small shrubs to tall trees with buttress roots, all with four-sided new stems[87][159] Myrtales
 
Penaea mucronata
Pentadiplandra­ceae (oubli family)[163] Pentadiplandra, from Greek for "five double male" (stamens)[163] 1 genus, in the African tropics[164] Just one species: a shrub with smooth stems that occasionally sprouts woody vines[28][163] Brassicales
 
Pentadiplandra brazzeana
Petenaeaceae (Petén-linden family)[165] Petenaea, for Lake Petén Itzá[165] 1 genus, in Mexico and Central America[166] Large shrubs and small trees[165] Huerteales
—
Picramniaceae (bitterbush family)[167] Picramnia, from Greek for "bitter bush"[167][168] 4 genera, in South America and southern North America[169] Unisexual shrubs and trees with small flowers[23][167] Picramni­ales
 
Picramnia glazioviana
Resedaceae (mignonette family)[170] Reseda, from a Latin plant name[171][172] 11 genera, around the world[43][173] Shrubs, trees, vines and herbaceous plants. Reseda odorata (a mignonette species) is an ornamental that is also used in perfumes.[52][170] Brassicales
 
Reseda lutea
Rutaceae (citrus family)[174] Ruta, from a Latin plant name[175][176] 153 genera, in tropical and temperate zones[26][177] Shrubs, trees and herbaceous perennials, usually scented. Citrus fruits were in cultivation in China 5000 years ago.[87][174] Sapindales
 
Ruta graveolens
Salvadoraceae (toothbrush-tree family)[178] Salvadora, for Jaime Salvador y Pedrol (1649–1740), a Spanish apothecary[179][180] 3 genera, in Africa and South Asia[43][181] Shrubs and small trees with succulent or leathery leaves[52][178] Brassicales
 
Salvadora persica
Sapindaceae (maple family)[182] Sapindus, from Latin for "soap of India"[183][184] 143 genera, in the tropics, with some temperate species[26][185] Shrubs, trees, climbers and herbaceous perennials. Lychee and rambutan fruits are widely cultivated in Asia. The family contains many ornamental species.[87][182] Sapindales
 
Sapindus saponaria
Sarcolaenaceae (tunic-bells family)[186] Sarcolaena, from Greek for "flesh cloak"[186][187] 10 genera, in Madagascar[61][188] Hairy evergreen shrubs and trees[186] Malvales
 
Sarcolaena oblongifolia
Setchellantha­ceae (azulita family)[189] Setchellanthus, for William Albert Setchell (1864–1943)[190] 1 genus, in Mexico[191] Hairy many-branched shrubs with succulent leaves[23][189] Brassicales
—
Simaroubaceae (tree-of-heaven family)[192] Simarouba, from a Carib plant name[192][193] 20 genera, in the tropics, with some temperate species[194] Shrubs and trees with bitter bark. Corkwood is lightweight, and used to make floats for fishing nets.[52][192] Sapindales
 
Simarouba amara
Sphaerosepala­ceae (lombiry family)[195] Rhopalocarpus. Sphaerosepalum, an earlier synonym, is from Greek for "spherical sepals".[195][196][197] 2 genera, in Madagascar[198] Shrubs and trees. Many of the species are threatened.[195] Malvales
—
Stachyuraceae (spiketail family)[199] Stachyurus, from Greek for "spike tail" (on the inflorescences)[200][201] 1 genus, in East Asia and mainland Southeast Asia[202] Unisexual and bisexual shrubs and small trees, with a few vines[199] Crosso­somatales
 
Stachyurus praecox
Staphyleaceae (bladdernut family)[203] Staphylea, from Greek for "clusters" (of flowers)[201][204][205] 3 genera, scattered worldwide[206] Shrubs and trees[203] Crosso­somatales
 
Staphylea pinnata
Strasburgeriaceae (tawari family)[207] Strasburgeria, for Eduard Strasburger (1844–1912)[208][209] 2 genera, in New Caledonia and New Zealand[210] Evergreen trees[207] Crosso­somatales
 
Strasburgeria robusta
Tapisciaceae (silverpheasant-tree family)[211] Tapiscia, an anagram of the genus Pistacia[211][212] 2 genera, in the Americas and in East and mainland Southeast Asia[213] Trees with fluorescent wood[23][211] Huerteales
 
Tapiscia sinensis
Thymelaeaceae (mezereon family)[214] Thymelaea, from Greek for "poison olive"[214][215] 52 genera, scattered worldwide[61][216] Generally poisonous shrubs, small trees and herbaceous perennials, with a few vines. The bark of some species has traditionally been used to make strong, fibrous paper.[52][214] Malvales
 
Thymelaea hirsuta
Tovariaceae (stinkbush family)[88] Tovaria, for Simón de Tovar, a Spanish doctor and botanist[217] 1 genus, from Mexico to the tropics of the Americas[218] Foul-smelling erect herbaceous perennials and floppy shrubs[23][88] Brassicales
 
Tovaria pendula
Tropaeolaceae (nasturtium family)[219] Tropaeolum, from Greek for "trophy"[220][221] 1 genus, in Mexico and Central and South America[222] Mustard-scented herbaceous annuals and perennials, including garden nasturtium and other ornamentals[23][219] Brassicales
 
Tropaeolum majus
Vochysiaceae (quaruba family)[223] Vochysia, from a Carib plant name[223][224] 8 genera, mainly in the tropics of the Americas and West Africa[70][225] Trees and shrubs that bioaccumulate aluminium[23][223] Myrtales
 
Vochysia lucida

See also edit

Notes edit

  1. ^ The taxonomy (classification) in this list follows Plants of the World (2017)[1] and the fourth Angiosperm Phylogeny Group system.[2] Total counts of genera for each family come from Plants of the World Online (POWO).[3] (See the POWO license.) Extinct taxa are not included.
  2. ^ Each family's formal name ends in the Latin suffix -aceae and is derived from the name of a genus that is or once was part of the family.[17]
  3. ^ Some plants were named for naturalists (unless otherwise noted).

Citations edit

Some of POWO's data originally appeared in different databases. On the page for each family, these databases (if any) will appear under the "General information" tab.


  1. ^ Christenhusz, Fay & Chase 2017.
  2. ^ a b Angiosperm Phylogeny Group 2016.
  3. ^ POWO.
  4. ^ a b Stevens 2023, Summary of APG IV.
  5. ^ Christenhusz, Fay & Chase 2017, pp. 10, 342–419.
  6. ^ a b c Christenhusz, Fay & Chase 2017, pp. 415–419.
  7. ^ a b c Christenhusz, Fay & Chase 2017, pp. 342–343.
  8. ^ a b c Christenhusz, Fay & Chase 2017, pp. 388–393.
  9. ^ Christenhusz, Fay & Chase 2017, p. 347.
  10. ^ Christenhusz, Fay & Chase 2017, pp. 352–353.
  11. ^ Christenhusz, Fay & Chase 2017, p. 370–371.
  12. ^ Christenhusz, Fay & Chase 2017, p. 374.
  13. ^ Christenhusz, Fay & Chase 2017, p. 375.
  14. ^ Christenhusz, Fay & Chase 2017, pp. 638–670.
  15. ^ Christenhusz, Fay & Chase 2017, pp. 10, 342–345.
  16. ^ Christenhusz, Fay & Chase 2017, pp. 342–400.
  17. ^ ICN, art. 18.
  18. ^ a b c Christenhusz, Fay & Chase 2017, pp. 401–402.
  19. ^ IPNI, Akaniaceae, Type.
  20. ^ POWO, Akaniaceae.
  21. ^ a b c Christenhusz, Fay & Chase 2017, pp. 356–357.
  22. ^ POWO, Alzateaceae.
  23. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p POWO, Neotropikey.
  24. ^ a b c Christenhusz, Fay & Chase 2017, pp. 369–371.
  25. ^ IPNI, Anacardiaceae, Type.
  26. ^ a b c d e Kubitzki 2011, pp. 1–2.
  27. ^ POWO, Anacardiaceae.
  28. ^ a b c d e f g POWO, Flora of West Tropical Africa.
  29. ^ a b c Christenhusz, Fay & Chase 2017, pp. 358–359.
  30. ^ POWO, Aphloiaceae.
  31. ^ a b Christenhusz, Fay & Chase 2017, pp. 407–408.
  32. ^ Christenhusz, Fay & Chase 2017, pp. 408.
  33. ^ POWO, Bataceae.
  34. ^ a b c Christenhusz, Fay & Chase 2017, p. 365.
  35. ^ POWO, Biebersteiniaceae.
  36. ^ a b c Christenhusz, Fay & Chase 2017, pp. 396–397.
  37. ^ Stearn 2002, p. 66.
  38. ^ IPNI, Bixaceae, Type.
  39. ^ POWO, Bixaceae.
  40. ^ Stearn 2002, p. 71.
  41. ^ Coombes 2012, p. 70.
  42. ^ IPNI, Brassicaceae, Type.
  43. ^ a b c d e f Kubitzki 2003, p. 11.
  44. ^ POWO, Brassicaceae.
  45. ^ a b c d e Christenhusz, Fay & Chase 2017, pp. 367–368.
  46. ^ IPNI, Burseraceae, Type.
  47. ^ POWO, Burseraceae.
  48. ^ a b Christenhusz, Fay & Chase 2017, pp. 412–413.
  49. ^ Stearn 2002, p. 81.
  50. ^ IPNI, Capparaceae, Type.
  51. ^ POWO, Capparaceae.
  52. ^ a b c d e f g h i j POWO, Flora of Tropical East Africa.
  53. ^ a b Christenhusz, Fay & Chase 2017, pp. 404–405.
  54. ^ Stearn 2002, p. 82.
  55. ^ IPNI, Caricaceae, Type.
  56. ^ POWO, Caricaceae.
  57. ^ a b Christenhusz, Fay & Chase 2017, pp. 397–398.
  58. ^ Stearn 2002, p. 95.
  59. ^ Coombes 2012, p. 95.
  60. ^ IPNI, Cistaceae, Type.
  61. ^ a b c d e Kubitzki 2003, p. 17.
  62. ^ POWO, Cistaceae.
  63. ^ a b c Christenhusz, Fay & Chase 2017, pp. 413–414.
  64. ^ Stearn 2002, p. 96.
  65. ^ IPNI, Cleomaceae, Type.
  66. ^ POWO, Cleomaceae.
  67. ^ a b Christenhusz, Fay & Chase 2017, pp. 345–346.
  68. ^ Stearn 2002, p. 100.
  69. ^ IPNI, Combretaceae, Type.
  70. ^ a b c d e f Kubitzki 2007, pp. 8–9.
  71. ^ POWO, Combretaceae.
  72. ^ a b c Christenhusz, Fay & Chase 2017, pp. 362–363.
  73. ^ IPNI, Crossosomataceae, Type.
  74. ^ POWO, Crossosomataceae.
  75. ^ a b c Christenhusz, Fay & Chase 2017, p. 356.
  76. ^ IPNI, Crypteroniaceae, Type.
  77. ^ POWO, Crypteroniaceae.
  78. ^ a b c Christenhusz, Fay & Chase 2017, pp. 385–386.
  79. ^ IPNI, Cytinaceae, Type.
  80. ^ POWO, Cytinaceae.
  81. ^ a b c d Christenhusz, Fay & Chase 2017, p. 384.
  82. ^ IPNI, Dipentodontaceae, Type.
  83. ^ POWO, Dipentodontaceae.
  84. ^ a b c Christenhusz, Fay & Chase 2017, pp. 399–400.
  85. ^ IPNI, Dipterocarpaceae, Type.
  86. ^ POWO, Dipterocarpaceae.
  87. ^ a b c d POWO, Flora of Zambesiaca.
  88. ^ a b c d Christenhusz, Fay & Chase 2017, p. 409.
  89. ^ Burkhardt 2018, p. E-13.
  90. ^ POWO, Emblingiaceae.
  91. ^ a b c Christenhusz, Fay & Chase 2017, pp. 343–344.
  92. ^ IPNI, Francoaceae, Type.
  93. ^ a b Kubitzki 2007, p. 5.
  94. ^ POWO, Francoaceae.
  95. ^ a b Christenhusz, Fay & Chase 2017, p. 359.
  96. ^ Quattrocchi 2000, p. 1061.
  97. ^ POWO, Geissolomataceae.
  98. ^ Stearn 2002, p. 150.
  99. ^ Coombes 2012, p. 153.
  100. ^ IPNI, Geraniaceae, Type.
  101. ^ POWO, Geraniaceae.
  102. ^ a b Christenhusz, Fay & Chase 2017, p. 383.
  103. ^ Burkhardt 2018, p. G-19.
  104. ^ POWO, Gerrardinaceae.
  105. ^ a b c Christenhusz, Fay & Chase 2017, p. 361.
  106. ^ POWO, Guamatelaceae.
  107. ^ a b c Christenhusz, Fay & Chase 2017, pp. 410–411.
  108. ^ IPNI, Gyrostemonaceae, Type.
  109. ^ POWO, Gyrostemonaceae.
  110. ^ Burkhardt 2018, p. K-15.
  111. ^ POWO, Kirkiaceae.
  112. ^ a b Christenhusz, Fay & Chase 2017, pp. 406–407.
  113. ^ Burkhardt 2018, p. K-22.
  114. ^ POWO, Koeberliniaceae.
  115. ^ a b Christenhusz, Fay & Chase 2017, pp. 405–406.
  116. ^ Stearn 2002, p. 190.
  117. ^ IPNI, Limnanthaceae, Type.
  118. ^ POWO, Limnanthaceae.
  119. ^ a b Christenhusz, Fay & Chase 2017, pp. 346–347.
  120. ^ Stearn 2002, p. 197.
  121. ^ Coombes 2012, p. 199.
  122. ^ IPNI, Lythraceae, Type.
  123. ^ POWO, Lythraceae.
  124. ^ Stearn 2002, p. 200.
  125. ^ Coombes 2012, p. 203.
  126. ^ IPNI, Malvaceae, Type.
  127. ^ POWO, Malvaceae.
  128. ^ a b Christenhusz, Fay & Chase 2017, pp. 354–355.
  129. ^ a b Stearn 2002, p. 204.
  130. ^ IPNI, Melastomataceae, Type.
  131. ^ POWO, Melastomataceae.
  132. ^ a b Christenhusz, Fay & Chase 2017, pp. 380–381.
  133. ^ Coombes 2012, p. 205.
  134. ^ IPNI, Meliaceae, Type.
  135. ^ POWO, Meliaceae.
  136. ^ a b Christenhusz, Fay & Chase 2017, pp. 403–404.
  137. ^ Stearn 2002, p. 211.
  138. ^ POWO, Moringaceae.
  139. ^ a b Christenhusz, Fay & Chase 2017, pp. 386–387.
  140. ^ Burkhardt 2018, p. M-80.
  141. ^ IPNI, Muntingiaceae, Type.
  142. ^ POWO, Muntingiaceae.
  143. ^ a b Christenhusz, Fay & Chase 2017, pp. 350–353.
  144. ^ Stearn 2002, p. 215.
  145. ^ Coombes 2012, p. 211.
  146. ^ IPNI, Myrtaceae, Type.
  147. ^ POWO, Myrtaceae.
  148. ^ a b Christenhusz, Fay & Chase 2017, pp. 387–388.
  149. ^ Quattrocchi 2019, p. 1816.
  150. ^ IPNI, Neuradaceae, Type.
  151. ^ POWO, Neuradaceae.
  152. ^ a b c Christenhusz, Fay & Chase 2017, pp. 365–366.
  153. ^ USDA, Nitrariaceae, Type.
  154. ^ POWO, Nitrariaceae.
  155. ^ a b c Christenhusz, Fay & Chase 2017, pp. 348–349.
  156. ^ POWO, Onagra.
  157. ^ IPNI, Onagraceae, Type.
  158. ^ POWO, Onagraceae.
  159. ^ a b Christenhusz, Fay & Chase 2017, pp. 357–358.
  160. ^ Burkhardt 2018, p. P-22.
  161. ^ IPNI, Penaeaceae, Type.
  162. ^ POWO, Penaeaceae.
  163. ^ a b c Christenhusz, Fay & Chase 2017, p. 410.
  164. ^ POWO, Pentadiplandraceae.
  165. ^ a b c Christenhusz, Fay & Chase 2017, p. 382.
  166. ^ POWO, Petenaeaceae.
  167. ^ a b c Christenhusz, Fay & Chase 2017, pp. 363–364.
  168. ^ IPNI, Picramniaceae, Type.
  169. ^ POWO, Picramniaceae.
  170. ^ a b Christenhusz, Fay & Chase 2017, pp. 411–412.
  171. ^ Stearn 2002, p. 257.
  172. ^ IPNI, Resedaceae, Type.
  173. ^ POWO, Resedaceae.
  174. ^ a b Christenhusz, Fay & Chase 2017, pp. 374–378.
  175. ^ Stearn 2002, p. 263.
  176. ^ IPNI, Rutaceae, Type.
  177. ^ POWO, Rutaceae.
  178. ^ a b Christenhusz, Fay & Chase 2017, pp. 408–409.
  179. ^ Burkhardt 2018, p. S-9.
  180. ^ IPNI, Salvadoraceae, Type.
  181. ^ POWO, Salvadoraceae.
  182. ^ a b Christenhusz, Fay & Chase 2017, pp. 371–374.
  183. ^ Stearn 2002, p. 266.
  184. ^ IPNI, Sapindaceae, Type.
  185. ^ POWO, Sapindaceae.
  186. ^ a b c Christenhusz, Fay & Chase 2017, pp. 398–399.
  187. ^ IPNI, Sarcolaenaceae, Type.
  188. ^ POWO, Sarcolaenaceae.
  189. ^ a b Christenhusz, Fay & Chase 2017, p. 406.
  190. ^ Burkhardt 2018, p. S-57.
  191. ^ POWO, Setchellanthaceae.
  192. ^ a b c Christenhusz, Fay & Chase 2017, pp. 378–380.
  193. ^ IPNI, Simaroubaceae, Type.
  194. ^ POWO, Simaroubaceae.
  195. ^ a b c Christenhusz, Fay & Chase 2017, p. 394.
  196. ^ POWO, Sphaerosepalum.
  197. ^ USDA, Sphaerosepalaceae, Type.
  198. ^ POWO, Sphaerosepalaceae.
  199. ^ a b Christenhusz, Fay & Chase 2017, pp. 361–362.
  200. ^ Stearn 2002, p. 282.
  201. ^ a b Coombes 2012, p. 280.
  202. ^ POWO, Stachyuraceae.
  203. ^ a b Christenhusz, Fay & Chase 2017, pp. 360–361.
  204. ^ Stearn 2002, p. 283.
  205. ^ IPNI, Staphyleaceae, Type.
  206. ^ POWO, Staphyleaceae.
  207. ^ a b Christenhusz, Fay & Chase 2017, pp. 359–360.
  208. ^ Burkhardt 2018, p. S-103.
  209. ^ IPNI, Strasburgeriaceae, Type.
  210. ^ POWO, Strasburgeriaceae.
  211. ^ a b c Christenhusz, Fay & Chase 2017, pp. 383–384.
  212. ^ USDA, Tapisciaceae, Type.
  213. ^ POWO, Tapisciaceae.
  214. ^ a b c Christenhusz, Fay & Chase 2017, pp. 394–396.
  215. ^ IPNI, Thymelaeaceae, Type.
  216. ^ POWO, Thymelaeaceae.
  217. ^ Burkhardt 2018, p. T-31.
  218. ^ POWO, Tovariaceae.
  219. ^ a b Christenhusz, Fay & Chase 2017, pp. 402–403.
  220. ^ Stearn 2002, p. 300.
  221. ^ Coombes 2012, p. 293.
  222. ^ POWO, Tropaeolaceae.
  223. ^ a b c Christenhusz, Fay & Chase 2017, pp. 349–350.
  224. ^ IPNI, Vochysiaceae, Type.
  225. ^ POWO, Vochysiaceae.

References edit

  • Angiosperm Phylogeny Group (2016). "An update of the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group classification for the orders and families of flowering plants: APG IV". Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society. 181 (1): 1–20. doi:10.1111/boj.12385.
  • Burkhardt, Lotte (2018). Verzeichnis eponymischer Pflanzennamen – Erweiterte Edition [Index of Eponymic Plant Names – Extended Edition] (pdf) (in German). Berlin: Botanic Garden and Botanical Museum, Freie Universität Berlin. doi:10.3372/epolist2018. ISBN 978-3-946292-26-5. S2CID 187926901. Retrieved January 1, 2021. See the Creative Commons license.
  • Christenhusz, Maarten; Fay, Michael Francis; Chase, Mark Wayne (2017). Plants of the World: An Illustrated Encyclopedia of Vascular Plants. Chicago, Illinois: Kew Publishing and The University of Chicago Press. doi:10.7208/chicago/9780226536705.001.0001. ISBN 978-0-226-52292-0.
  • Coombes, Allen J. (2012). The A to Z of Plant Names: A Quick Reference Guide to 4000 Garden Plants. Portland, Oregon: Timber Press. ISBN 978-1-60469-196-2.
  • IPNI (2022). "International Plant Names Index". London, Boston and Canberra: Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew; Harvard University Herbaria & Libraries; and the Australian National Botanic Gardens. Retrieved December 20, 2022.
  • Kubitzki, K. (2003). "Conspectus on the Families of [Brassicales and] Malvales". In Kubitzki, Klaus; Bayer, Clemens (eds.). Flowering plants. Dicotyledons: Malvales, Capparales and Non-betalain Caryophyllales. The families and genera of vascular plants. Vol. V. Berlin: Springer Science+Business Media. pp. 11, 17. doi:10.1007/978-3-662-07255-4_6. ISBN 978-3-662-07255-4.
  • Kubitzki, K. (2007). "Introduction to the Groups Treated in This Volume". In Kubitzki, K. (ed.). Berberidopsidales, Buxales, Crossosomatales, Fabales p.p., Geraniales, Gunnerales, Myrtales p.p., Proteales, Saxifragales, Vitales, Zygophyllales, Clusiaceae Alliance, Passifloraceae Alliance, Dilleniaceae, Huaceae, Picramniaceae, Sabiaceae. Vol. IX. Berlin: Springer Science+Business Media. pp. 1–20. doi:10.1007/978-3-540-32219-1_1. ISBN 978-3-540-32214-6.
  • Kubitzki, K. (2011). "Introduction to Sapindales". In Kubitzki, K. (ed.). Flowering Plants. Eudicots: Sapindales, Cucurbitales, Myrtaceae. The families and genera of vascular plants. Vol. X. Berlin: Springer Science+Business Media. pp. 1–3. doi:10.1007/978-3-642-14397-7_1. ISBN 978-3-642-14397-7.
  • POWO (2019). "Plants of the World Online". London: Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Retrieved January 1, 2023. See their terms-of-use license.
  • Quattrocchi, Umberto (2000). CRC World Dictionary of Plant Names, Volume II, D–L. Boca Raton, Florida: CRC Press. ISBN 978-0-8493-2676-9.
  • Quattrocchi, Umberto (2019) [2000]. CRC World Dictionary of Plant Names, Volume III, M–Q. Boca Raton, Florida: CRC Press. ISBN 978-0-367-44751-9.
  • Stearn, William (2002). Stearn's Dictionary of Plant Names for Gardeners. London: Cassell. ISBN 978-0-304-36469-5.
  • Stevens, P.F. (2023) [2001]. "Angiosperm Phylogeny Website". Missouri Botanical Garden. Retrieved January 2, 2023.
  • Turland, N. J.; et al. (eds.). International Code of Nomenclature for algae, fungi, and plants (Shenzhen Code) adopted by the Nineteenth International Botanical Congress Shenzhen, China, July 2017 (electronic ed.). Glashütten: International Association for Plant Taxonomy. Retrieved February 25, 2022.
  • "USDA, Agricultural Research Service, National Plant Germplasm System". Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN Taxonomy). Beltsville, Maryland: National Germplasm Resources Laboratory. 2022. Retrieved October 29, 2022.

December 20, 2023
list, malvid, families, malvids, consist, eight, orders, flowering, plants, brassicales, crossosomatales, geraniales, huerteales, malvales, myrtales, picramniales, sapindales, this, subgroup, rosids, divided, into, families, trees, shrubs, vines, herbaceous, p. The malvids consist of eight orders of flowering plants Brassicales Crossosomatales Geraniales Huerteales Malvales Myrtales Picramniales and Sapindales a This subgroup of the rosids is divided into 59 families of trees shrubs vines and herbaceous plants 4 5 Theobroma cacao the source of chocolateThe cabbage family includes broccoli turnips and radishes 6 The ornamental geraniums and their many hybrids and cultivars come from five species of Pelargonium 7 The mallow family includes the plants that yield cocoa beans Cola nuts cotton and jute 8 Pomegranates were cultivated by Bronze Age cultures and wild water chestnuts were consumed in large quantities by prehistoric Europeans 9 Eucalyptus trees are the tallest known flowering plants up to 100 m 330 ft or more they are grown for timber and for their oils used in candy perfumes and cough medicine 10 Mangos and cashews come from the same plant family as poison ivy and can sometimes trigger allergic reactions 11 Canada produces most of the world s maple syrup and the maple leaf is the country s national symbol 12 Citrus agriculture outranks other sweet fruit industries in warm climates 13 Contents 1 Glossary 2 Families 3 See also 4 Notes 5 Citations 6 ReferencesGlossary editFrom the glossary of botanical terms annual a plant species that completes its life cycle within a single year or growing season basal attached close to the base of a plant or an evolutionary tree diagram climber a vine that leans on twines around or clings to other plants for vertical support deciduous falling seasonally as with bark leaves or petals glandular hair a hair tipped with a secretory structure herbaceous not woody usually green and soft in texture mangrove any shrub or small tree growing in brackish or salt water perennial not an annual or biennial succulent adjective juicy or fleshy unisexual of one sex bearing only male or only female reproductive organs woody hard and lignified not herbaceous 14 The APG IV system is the fourth in a series of plant taxonomies from the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group 2 In this system Geraniales and Myrtales are basal within the malvids 15 Families editFamilies Family and a common name 16 b Type genus and etymology c Total genera global distribution Description and uses Order 4 Type genus imagesAkaniaceae turnipwood family 18 Akania from Greek for bractless possibly 18 19 2 genera in the Himalayas China Southeast Asia and Australia 20 Trees with a mustard scent in the bark and flowers 18 Brassicales nbsp Akania bidwilliiAlzateaceae wantsum family 21 Alzatea for Jose Antonio de Alzate y Ramirez d 1795 a cartographer 21 1 genus in South America 22 Short evergreen trees and shrubs with four sided stems 21 23 Myrtales nbsp Alzatea verticillataAnacardiaceae cashew family 24 Anacardium from a Greek plant name 24 25 79 genera mostly in the tropics with some temperate species 26 27 Shrubs trees and vines generally with sap that can turn black Cashews and mangos are commercially important tropical crops 24 28 Sapindales nbsp Anacardium occidentaleAphloiaceae mountain peach family 29 Aphloia from Greek for unbarked 29 1 genus in Africa and on islands of the Indian Ocean 30 Evergreen shrubs and small trees 29 Crosso somatales nbsp Aphloia theiformisBataceae turtleweed family 31 Batis from Greek for walking 32 1 genus in New Guinea Australia and the tropics and subtropics of the Americas 33 Short succulent viny shrubs with unisexual flowers 23 31 Brassicales nbsp Batis maritimaBiebersteiniaceae khardug family 34 Biebersteinia for Friedrich August Marschall von Bieberstein 1768 1826 34 1 genus in Eurasia 35 Foul smelling herbaceous perennials with woody rhizomes 34 Sapindales Bixaceae annatto family 36 Bixa from a Carib plant name 36 37 38 3 genera in the Americas and Madagascar 39 Shrubs trees and herbaceous perennials Bixa orellana yields annatto a widely used red food dye 28 36 Malvales nbsp Bixa orellanaBrassicaceae cabbage family 6 Brassica from a Latin plant name 40 41 42 344 genera scattered around the world especially in the Northern Hemisphere 43 44 Shrubs and herbaceous plants with a few vines and small trees and a few species that grow in water The cabbage family includes broccoli cauliflower turnips watercress radishes and horseradish along with the plants that yield canola oil and the mustards 6 23 Brassicales nbsp Brassica oleraceaBurseraceae frankincense and myrrh family 45 Bursera for Joachim Burser 1583 1639 45 46 18 genera in the tropics 26 47 Generally unisexual shrubs and trees with some climbers and some species that grow on other plants Most species especially in the frankincense and myrrh genera are heavily scented 23 45 Sapindales nbsp Bursera simarubaCapparaceae caper family 48 Capparis from a Greek plant name 49 50 15 genera around the world 43 51 Shrubs and trees with up to 250 stamens per flower Capers the preserved flower buds of Capparis are usually harvested in the wild rather than cultivated 48 52 Brassicales nbsp Capparis spinosaCaricaceae papaya family 53 Carica from a Latin plant name 54 55 6 genera in West Africa and the tropics of the Americas 43 56 Shrubs and trees usually unisexual and spiny with a few vines Papaya fruit was already in cultivation in Central America before 1500 28 53 Brassicales nbsp Carica papayaCistaceae rock rose family 57 Cistus from a Greek plant name 58 59 60 8 genera mainly in warmer parts of the Northern Hemisphere 61 62 Shrubs and herbaceous plants frequently with volatile oils with a few tall tree species Labdanum from Cistus is used in perfumes 23 57 Malvales nbsp Cistus monpeliensisCleomaceae spiderflower family 63 Cleome from Greek for glory 63 64 65 2 genera in the subtropics the tropics and North America 66 Shrubs and herbaceous plants The leaves are consumed in South Africa 23 63 Brassicales nbsp Cleome ornithopodioidesCombretaceae bushwillow family 67 Combretum from a Latin plant name 68 69 10 genera in the tropics 70 71 Shrubs trees and woody vines along with a few mangroves 52 67 Myrtales nbsp Combretum fruticosumCrossosomata ceae rockflower family 72 Crossosoma from Greek for fringed body of the seeds 72 73 4 genera in the US and northeastern Mexico 74 Shrubs often with small leaves and a few trees 72 Crosso somatales nbsp Crossosoma californicumCrypteroniaceae bekoi family 75 Crypteronia from Greek for hidden love for the small flowers 75 76 3 genera in the Asian tropics 77 Evergreen trees with tiny bisexual or unisexual flowers 75 Myrtales Cytinaceae rockrose rape family 78 Cytinus from Greek for part of a pomegranate 78 79 2 genera in Africa and nearby islands western Asia and Mexico to northern South America 80 Parasitic plants without chlorophyll usually with unisexual flowers 78 Malvales nbsp Cytinus hypocistisDipentodontaceae shichi family 81 Dipentodon from Greek for two groups of five teeth on the sepals and petals 81 82 2 genera scattered around the world 81 83 Unisexual and bisexual shrubs and trees 81 Huerteales Dipterocarpaceae maranti family 84 Dipterocarpus from Greek for two winged fruit 84 85 16 genera in South America Africa and southern parts of Asia 61 86 Mostly evergreen trees with scented resins These rainforest trees were an important source of timber and camphor a century ago but they have been depleted from overlogging 84 87 Malvales nbsp Dipterocarpus alatusEmblingiaceae slippercreeper family 88 Emblingia for Thomas Embling 1814 1893 89 1 genus in Australia 90 Herbaceous shrubs with low branches 88 Brassicales nbsp Emblingia calceolifloraFrancoaceae bridal wreath family 91 Francoa for Francisco Franco c 1515 c 1569 a Spanish doctor 91 92 6 genera in South America and Africa 93 94 Small trees large shrubs and herbaceous plants some used in herbal teas 28 91 Geraniales nbsp Francoa appendiculataGeissolomataceae cape cups family 95 Geissoloma from Greek for tiled fringe on the petals 96 1 genus in South Africa 97 Short many branched shrubs that bioaccumulate aluminium 95 Crosso somatales nbsp Geissoloma marginatumGeraniaceae crane s bill family 7 Geranium from a Greek plant name meaning crane 98 99 100 8 genera scattered around the world 93 101 Shrubs and herbaceous plants most of them hairy some succulent 7 23 Geraniales nbsp Geranium dissectumGerrardinaceae brown ironwood family 102 Gerrardina for William Tyrer Gerrard c 1831 1866 103 1 genus in southern Africa and Tanzania 104 Shrubs and small trees frequently with drooping branches 102 Huerteales nbsp Gerrardina foliosaGuamatelaceae Guatemalan bramble family 105 Guamatela an anagram of Guatemala 105 1 genus in Mexico and Central America 106 Many branched shrubs 105 Crosso somatales Gyrostemona ceae buttoncreeper family 107 Gyrostemon from Greek for round stamens 107 108 5 genera in Australia 43 109 Annual unisexual shrubs and small trees frequently succulent 107 Brassicales nbsp Gyrostemon ramulosisKirkiaceae white seringa family 45 Kirkia for John Kirk 1832 1922 110 1 genus in Africa 111 Trees and shrubs with essentially unisexual flowers Timber from Kirkia acuminata is used for construction furniture and tool making 45 Sapindales nbsp Kirkia wilmsiiKoeberliniaceae allthorn family 112 Koeberlinia for Christoph Ludwig Koberlin 1794 1862 a German botanist and clergyman 113 1 genus in the US Mexico and Bolivia 114 Deciduous many branched thorny tipped shrubs and small trees 23 112 Brassicales nbsp Koeberlinia spinosaLimnanthaceae meadowfoam family 115 Limnanthes from Greek for marsh flowers 116 117 2 genera in North America 118 Mustard scented herbaceous annuals Poached egg plant is grown as an ornamental 115 Brassicales nbsp Limnanthes douglasiiLythraceae pomegranate family 119 Lythrum from Greek for bloody flowers 120 121 122 28 genera in temperate and tropical Eurasia Africa and Oceania 70 123 Shrubs trees and herbaceous plants often with square stems with some mangroves and aquatic species 52 119 Myrtales nbsp Lythrum salicariaMalvaceae mallow family 8 Malva from a Latin plant name 124 125 126 245 genera scattered worldwide 61 127 Hairy shrubs trees and herbaceous plants Cocoa beans are native to tropical South and Central America and Cola nuts are native to West Africa The most commercially valuable genera are Gossypium cotton and Corchorus jute 8 52 Malvales nbsp Malva sylvestrisMelastomataceae senduduk family 128 Melastoma from Greek for black mouth the result of eating the berries 129 130 164 genera mostly in the tropics and subtropics 70 131 Trees shrubs and herbaceous plants with a few species that grow in water or on other plants 52 128 Myrtales nbsp Melastoma malabathricumMeliaceae neem family 132 Melia from a Greek plant name 129 133 134 58 genera in the tropics with some temperate species 26 135 Generally unisexual shrublets shrubs and trees Neem oil has many uses including as a pesticide and the wood is similar to mahogany 28 132 Sapindales nbsp Melia azedarachMoringaceae horseradish tree family 136 Moringa from a Tamil plant name 137 1 genus in Africa Southwest Asia and South Asia 138 Mustard scented shrubs and trees with a few herbaceous plants 28 136 Brassicales nbsp Moringa oleiferaMuntingiaceae bajelly tree family 139 Muntingia for Abraham Munting 1626 1683 140 141 3 genera from Mexico to South America 142 Hairy shrubs and trees 23 139 Malvales nbsp Muntingia calaburaMyrtaceae myrtle family 143 Myrtus from Greek and Latin plant names 144 145 146 126 genera in the tropics and warmer temperate zones 70 147 Evergreen shrubs and trees most with volatile oils including Eucalyptus and the tree that produces clove spice 23 143 Myrtales nbsp Myrtus communisNeuradaceae pietsnot family 148 Neurada from Greek and Latin plant names 149 150 3 genera in Africa and southern Asia 151 Herbaceous plants usually with hairy stems that hug the ground 148 Malvales nbsp Neurada procumbensNitrariaceae nitrebush family 152 Nitraria from Greek for nitre found near the plant 152 153 4 genera scattered around the world 154 Shrubs and herbaceous plants frequently succulent that bioaccumulate salt 152 Sapindales nbsp Nitraria billardiereiOnagraceae fuchsia family 155 Oenothera Onagra an earlier synonym is from Greek for onager fodder 155 156 157 22 genera scattered worldwide 70 158 Shrubs and a few trees and woody vines including Fuchsia and evening primrose 52 155 Myrtales nbsp Oenothera biennisPenaeaceae cape fellwort family 159 Penaea for Pierre Pena 1535 1605 a French doctor and botanist 160 161 3 genera from South Africa to Ethiopia 162 Small shrubs to tall trees with buttress roots all with four sided new stems 87 159 Myrtales nbsp Penaea mucronataPentadiplandra ceae oubli family 163 Pentadiplandra from Greek for five double male stamens 163 1 genus in the African tropics 164 Just one species a shrub with smooth stems that occasionally sprouts woody vines 28 163 Brassicales nbsp Pentadiplandra brazzeanaPetenaeaceae Peten linden family 165 Petenaea for Lake Peten Itza 165 1 genus in Mexico and Central America 166 Large shrubs and small trees 165 Huerteales Picramniaceae bitterbush family 167 Picramnia from Greek for bitter bush 167 168 4 genera in South America and southern North America 169 Unisexual shrubs and trees with small flowers 23 167 Picramni ales nbsp Picramnia glaziovianaResedaceae mignonette family 170 Reseda from a Latin plant name 171 172 11 genera around the world 43 173 Shrubs trees vines and herbaceous plants Reseda odorata a mignonette species is an ornamental that is also used in perfumes 52 170 Brassicales nbsp Reseda luteaRutaceae citrus family 174 Ruta from a Latin plant name 175 176 153 genera in tropical and temperate zones 26 177 Shrubs trees and herbaceous perennials usually scented Citrus fruits were in cultivation in China 5000 years ago 87 174 Sapindales nbsp Ruta graveolensSalvadoraceae toothbrush tree family 178 Salvadora for Jaime Salvador y Pedrol 1649 1740 a Spanish apothecary 179 180 3 genera in Africa and South Asia 43 181 Shrubs and small trees with succulent or leathery leaves 52 178 Brassicales nbsp Salvadora persicaSapindaceae maple family 182 Sapindus from Latin for soap of India 183 184 143 genera in the tropics with some temperate species 26 185 Shrubs trees climbers and herbaceous perennials Lychee and rambutan fruits are widely cultivated in Asia The family contains many ornamental species 87 182 Sapindales nbsp Sapindus saponariaSarcolaenaceae tunic bells family 186 Sarcolaena from Greek for flesh cloak 186 187 10 genera in Madagascar 61 188 Hairy evergreen shrubs and trees 186 Malvales nbsp Sarcolaena oblongifoliaSetchellantha ceae azulita family 189 Setchellanthus for William Albert Setchell 1864 1943 190 1 genus in Mexico 191 Hairy many branched shrubs with succulent leaves 23 189 Brassicales Simaroubaceae tree of heaven family 192 Simarouba from a Carib plant name 192 193 20 genera in the tropics with some temperate species 194 Shrubs and trees with bitter bark Corkwood is lightweight and used to make floats for fishing nets 52 192 Sapindales nbsp Simarouba amaraSphaerosepala ceae lombiry family 195 Rhopalocarpus Sphaerosepalum an earlier synonym is from Greek for spherical sepals 195 196 197 2 genera in Madagascar 198 Shrubs and trees Many of the species are threatened 195 Malvales Stachyuraceae spiketail family 199 Stachyurus from Greek for spike tail on the inflorescences 200 201 1 genus in East Asia and mainland Southeast Asia 202 Unisexual and bisexual shrubs and small trees with a few vines 199 Crosso somatales nbsp Stachyurus praecoxStaphyleaceae bladdernut family 203 Staphylea from Greek for clusters of flowers 201 204 205 3 genera scattered worldwide 206 Shrubs and trees 203 Crosso somatales nbsp Staphylea pinnataStrasburgeriaceae tawari family 207 Strasburgeria for Eduard Strasburger 1844 1912 208 209 2 genera in New Caledonia and New Zealand 210 Evergreen trees 207 Crosso somatales nbsp Strasburgeria robustaTapisciaceae silverpheasant tree family 211 Tapiscia an anagram of the genus Pistacia 211 212 2 genera in the Americas and in East and mainland Southeast Asia 213 Trees with fluorescent wood 23 211 Huerteales nbsp Tapiscia sinensisThymelaeaceae mezereon family 214 Thymelaea from Greek for poison olive 214 215 52 genera scattered worldwide 61 216 Generally poisonous shrubs small trees and herbaceous perennials with a few vines The bark of some species has traditionally been used to make strong fibrous paper 52 214 Malvales nbsp Thymelaea hirsutaTovariaceae stinkbush family 88 Tovaria for Simon de Tovar a Spanish doctor and botanist 217 1 genus from Mexico to the tropics of the Americas 218 Foul smelling erect herbaceous perennials and floppy shrubs 23 88 Brassicales nbsp Tovaria pendulaTropaeolaceae nasturtium family 219 Tropaeolum from Greek for trophy 220 221 1 genus in Mexico and Central and South America 222 Mustard scented herbaceous annuals and perennials including garden nasturtium and other ornamentals 23 219 Brassicales nbsp Tropaeolum majusVochysiaceae quaruba family 223 Vochysia from a Carib plant name 223 224 8 genera mainly in the tropics of the Americas and West Africa 70 225 Trees and shrubs that bioaccumulate aluminium 23 223 Myrtales nbsp Vochysia lucidaSee also editList of plant family names with etymologiesNotes edit The taxonomy classification in this list follows Plants of the World 2017 1 and the fourth Angiosperm Phylogeny Group system 2 Total counts of genera for each family come from Plants of the World Online POWO 3 See the POWO license Extinct taxa are not included Each family s formal name ends in the Latin suffix aceae and is derived from the name of a genus that is or once was part of the family 17 Some plants were named for naturalists unless otherwise noted Citations editSome of POWO s data originally appeared in different databases On the page for each family these databases if any will appear under the General information tab Christenhusz Fay amp Chase 2017 a b Angiosperm Phylogeny Group 2016 POWO a b Stevens 2023 Summary of APG IV Christenhusz Fay amp Chase 2017 pp 10 342 419 a b c Christenhusz Fay amp Chase 2017 pp 415 419 a b c Christenhusz Fay amp Chase 2017 pp 342 343 a b c Christenhusz Fay amp Chase 2017 pp 388 393 Christenhusz Fay amp Chase 2017 p 347 Christenhusz Fay amp Chase 2017 pp 352 353 Christenhusz Fay amp Chase 2017 p 370 371 Christenhusz Fay amp Chase 2017 p 374 Christenhusz Fay amp Chase 2017 p 375 Christenhusz Fay amp Chase 2017 pp 638 670 Christenhusz Fay amp Chase 2017 pp 10 342 345 Christenhusz Fay amp Chase 2017 pp 342 400 ICN art 18 a b c Christenhusz Fay amp Chase 2017 pp 401 402 IPNI Akaniaceae Type POWO Akaniaceae a b c Christenhusz Fay amp Chase 2017 pp 356 357 POWO Alzateaceae a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p POWO Neotropikey a b c Christenhusz Fay amp Chase 2017 pp 369 371 IPNI Anacardiaceae Type a b c d e Kubitzki 2011 pp 1 2 POWO Anacardiaceae a b c d e f g POWO Flora of West Tropical Africa a b c Christenhusz Fay amp Chase 2017 pp 358 359 POWO Aphloiaceae a b Christenhusz Fay amp Chase 2017 pp 407 408 Christenhusz Fay amp Chase 2017 pp 408 POWO Bataceae a b c Christenhusz Fay amp Chase 2017 p 365 POWO Biebersteiniaceae a b c Christenhusz Fay amp Chase 2017 pp 396 397 Stearn 2002 p 66 IPNI Bixaceae Type POWO Bixaceae Stearn 2002 p 71 Coombes 2012 p 70 IPNI Brassicaceae Type a b c d e f Kubitzki 2003 p 11 POWO Brassicaceae a b c d e Christenhusz Fay amp Chase 2017 pp 367 368 IPNI Burseraceae Type POWO Burseraceae a b Christenhusz Fay amp Chase 2017 pp 412 413 Stearn 2002 p 81 IPNI Capparaceae Type POWO Capparaceae a b c d e f g h i j POWO Flora of Tropical East Africa a b Christenhusz Fay amp Chase 2017 pp 404 405 Stearn 2002 p 82 IPNI Caricaceae Type POWO Caricaceae a b Christenhusz Fay amp Chase 2017 pp 397 398 Stearn 2002 p 95 Coombes 2012 p 95 IPNI Cistaceae Type a b c d e Kubitzki 2003 p 17 POWO Cistaceae a b c Christenhusz Fay amp Chase 2017 pp 413 414 Stearn 2002 p 96 IPNI Cleomaceae Type POWO Cleomaceae a b Christenhusz Fay amp Chase 2017 pp 345 346 Stearn 2002 p 100 IPNI Combretaceae Type a b c d e f Kubitzki 2007 pp 8 9 POWO Combretaceae a b c Christenhusz Fay amp Chase 2017 pp 362 363 IPNI Crossosomataceae Type POWO Crossosomataceae a b c Christenhusz Fay amp Chase 2017 p 356 IPNI Crypteroniaceae Type POWO Crypteroniaceae a b c Christenhusz Fay amp Chase 2017 pp 385 386 IPNI Cytinaceae Type POWO Cytinaceae a b c d Christenhusz Fay amp Chase 2017 p 384 IPNI Dipentodontaceae Type POWO Dipentodontaceae a b c Christenhusz Fay amp Chase 2017 pp 399 400 IPNI Dipterocarpaceae Type POWO Dipterocarpaceae a b c d POWO Flora of Zambesiaca a b c d Christenhusz Fay amp Chase 2017 p 409 Burkhardt 2018 p E 13 POWO Emblingiaceae a b c Christenhusz Fay amp Chase 2017 pp 343 344 IPNI Francoaceae Type a b Kubitzki 2007 p 5 POWO Francoaceae a b Christenhusz Fay amp Chase 2017 p 359 Quattrocchi 2000 p 1061 POWO Geissolomataceae Stearn 2002 p 150 Coombes 2012 p 153 IPNI Geraniaceae Type POWO Geraniaceae a b Christenhusz Fay amp Chase 2017 p 383 Burkhardt 2018 p G 19 POWO Gerrardinaceae a b c Christenhusz Fay amp Chase 2017 p 361 POWO Guamatelaceae a b c Christenhusz Fay amp Chase 2017 pp 410 411 IPNI Gyrostemonaceae Type POWO Gyrostemonaceae Burkhardt 2018 p K 15 POWO Kirkiaceae a b Christenhusz Fay amp Chase 2017 pp 406 407 Burkhardt 2018 p K 22 POWO Koeberliniaceae a b Christenhusz Fay amp Chase 2017 pp 405 406 Stearn 2002 p 190 IPNI Limnanthaceae Type POWO Limnanthaceae a b Christenhusz Fay amp Chase 2017 pp 346 347 Stearn 2002 p 197 Coombes 2012 p 199 IPNI Lythraceae Type POWO Lythraceae Stearn 2002 p 200 Coombes 2012 p 203 IPNI Malvaceae Type POWO Malvaceae a b Christenhusz Fay amp Chase 2017 pp 354 355 a b Stearn 2002 p 204 IPNI Melastomataceae Type POWO Melastomataceae a b Christenhusz Fay amp Chase 2017 pp 380 381 Coombes 2012 p 205 IPNI Meliaceae Type POWO Meliaceae a b Christenhusz Fay amp Chase 2017 pp 403 404 Stearn 2002 p 211 POWO Moringaceae a b Christenhusz Fay amp Chase 2017 pp 386 387 Burkhardt 2018 p M 80 IPNI Muntingiaceae Type POWO Muntingiaceae a b Christenhusz Fay amp Chase 2017 pp 350 353 Stearn 2002 p 215 Coombes 2012 p 211 IPNI Myrtaceae Type POWO Myrtaceae a b Christenhusz Fay amp Chase 2017 pp 387 388 Quattrocchi 2019 p 1816 IPNI Neuradaceae Type POWO Neuradaceae a b c Christenhusz Fay amp Chase 2017 pp 365 366 USDA Nitrariaceae Type POWO Nitrariaceae a b c Christenhusz Fay amp Chase 2017 pp 348 349 POWO Onagra IPNI Onagraceae Type POWO Onagraceae a b Christenhusz Fay amp Chase 2017 pp 357 358 Burkhardt 2018 p P 22 IPNI Penaeaceae Type POWO Penaeaceae a b c Christenhusz Fay amp Chase 2017 p 410 POWO Pentadiplandraceae a b c Christenhusz Fay amp Chase 2017 p 382 POWO Petenaeaceae a b c Christenhusz Fay amp Chase 2017 pp 363 364 IPNI Picramniaceae Type POWO Picramniaceae a b Christenhusz Fay amp Chase 2017 pp 411 412 Stearn 2002 p 257 IPNI Resedaceae Type POWO Resedaceae a b Christenhusz Fay amp Chase 2017 pp 374 378 Stearn 2002 p 263 IPNI Rutaceae Type POWO Rutaceae a b Christenhusz Fay amp Chase 2017 pp 408 409 Burkhardt 2018 p S 9 IPNI Salvadoraceae Type POWO Salvadoraceae a b Christenhusz Fay amp Chase 2017 pp 371 374 Stearn 2002 p 266 IPNI Sapindaceae Type POWO Sapindaceae a b c Christenhusz Fay amp Chase 2017 pp 398 399 IPNI Sarcolaenaceae Type POWO Sarcolaenaceae a b Christenhusz Fay amp Chase 2017 p 406 Burkhardt 2018 p S 57 POWO Setchellanthaceae a b c Christenhusz Fay amp Chase 2017 pp 378 380 IPNI Simaroubaceae Type POWO Simaroubaceae a b c Christenhusz Fay amp Chase 2017 p 394 POWO Sphaerosepalum USDA Sphaerosepalaceae Type POWO Sphaerosepalaceae a b Christenhusz Fay amp Chase 2017 pp 361 362 Stearn 2002 p 282 a b Coombes 2012 p 280 POWO Stachyuraceae a b Christenhusz Fay amp Chase 2017 pp 360 361 Stearn 2002 p 283 IPNI Staphyleaceae Type POWO Staphyleaceae a b Christenhusz Fay amp Chase 2017 pp 359 360 Burkhardt 2018 p S 103 IPNI Strasburgeriaceae Type POWO Strasburgeriaceae a b c Christenhusz Fay amp Chase 2017 pp 383 384 USDA Tapisciaceae Type POWO Tapisciaceae a b c Christenhusz Fay amp Chase 2017 pp 394 396 IPNI Thymelaeaceae Type POWO Thymelaeaceae Burkhardt 2018 p T 31 POWO Tovariaceae a b Christenhusz Fay amp Chase 2017 pp 402 403 Stearn 2002 p 300 Coombes 2012 p 293 POWO Tropaeolaceae a b c Christenhusz Fay amp Chase 2017 pp 349 350 IPNI Vochysiaceae Type POWO Vochysiaceae References editAngiosperm Phylogeny Group 2016 An update of the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group classification for the orders and families of flowering plants APG IV Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society 181 1 1 20 doi 10 1111 boj 12385 Burkhardt Lotte 2018 Verzeichnis eponymischer Pflanzennamen Erweiterte Edition Index of Eponymic Plant Names Extended Edition pdf in German Berlin Botanic Garden and Botanical Museum Freie Universitat Berlin doi 10 3372 epolist2018 ISBN 978 3 946292 26 5 S2CID 187926901 Retrieved January 1 2021 See the Creative Commons license Christenhusz Maarten Fay Michael Francis Chase Mark Wayne 2017 Plants of the World An Illustrated Encyclopedia of Vascular Plants Chicago Illinois Kew Publishing and The University of Chicago Press doi 10 7208 chicago 9780226536705 001 0001 ISBN 978 0 226 52292 0 Coombes Allen J 2012 The A to Z of Plant Names A Quick Reference Guide to 4000 Garden Plants Portland Oregon Timber Press ISBN 978 1 60469 196 2 IPNI 2022 International Plant Names Index London Boston and Canberra Royal Botanic Gardens Kew Harvard University Herbaria amp Libraries and the Australian National Botanic Gardens Retrieved December 20 2022 Kubitzki K 2003 Conspectus on the Families of Brassicales and Malvales In Kubitzki Klaus Bayer Clemens eds Flowering plants Dicotyledons Malvales Capparales and Non betalain Caryophyllales The families and genera of vascular plants Vol V Berlin Springer Science Business Media pp 11 17 doi 10 1007 978 3 662 07255 4 6 ISBN 978 3 662 07255 4 Kubitzki K 2007 Introduction to the Groups Treated in This Volume In Kubitzki K ed Berberidopsidales Buxales Crossosomatales Fabales p p Geraniales Gunnerales Myrtales p p Proteales Saxifragales Vitales Zygophyllales Clusiaceae Alliance Passifloraceae Alliance Dilleniaceae Huaceae Picramniaceae Sabiaceae Vol IX Berlin Springer Science Business Media pp 1 20 doi 10 1007 978 3 540 32219 1 1 ISBN 978 3 540 32214 6 Kubitzki K 2011 Introduction to Sapindales In Kubitzki K ed Flowering Plants Eudicots Sapindales Cucurbitales Myrtaceae The families and genera of vascular plants Vol X Berlin Springer Science Business Media pp 1 3 doi 10 1007 978 3 642 14397 7 1 ISBN 978 3 642 14397 7 POWO 2019 Plants of the World Online London Royal Botanic Gardens Kew Retrieved January 1 2023 See their terms of use license Quattrocchi Umberto 2000 CRC World Dictionary of Plant Names Volume II D L Boca Raton Florida CRC Press ISBN 978 0 8493 2676 9 Quattrocchi Umberto 2019 2000 CRC World Dictionary of Plant Names Volume III M Q Boca Raton Florida CRC Press ISBN 978 0 367 44751 9 Stearn William 2002 Stearn s Dictionary of Plant Names for Gardeners London Cassell ISBN 978 0 304 36469 5 Stevens P F 2023 2001 Angiosperm Phylogeny Website Missouri Botanical Garden Retrieved January 2 2023 Turland N J et al eds International Code of Nomenclature for algae fungi and plants Shenzhen Code adopted by the Nineteenth International Botanical Congress Shenzhen China July 2017 electronic ed Glashutten International Association for Plant Taxonomy Retrieved February 25 2022 USDA Agricultural Research Service National Plant Germplasm System Germplasm Resources Information Network GRIN Taxonomy Beltsville Maryland National Germplasm Resources Laboratory 2022 Retrieved October 29 2022 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title List of malvid families amp oldid 1189437894, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

article

, read, download, free, free download, mp3, video, mp4, 3gp, jpg, jpeg, gif, png, picture, music, song, movie, book, game, games.