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Eduard Strasburger

December 02, 2023

Eduard Adolf Strasburger (1 February 1844 – 18 May 1912) was a Polish-German[1] professor and one of the most famous botanists of the 19th century. He discovered mitosis in plants.

Eduard Strasburger.

Life edit

Eduard Strasburger was born in Warsaw, Congress Poland, the son of Krystyna Anna (von Schütz) and Edward Bogumił Strasburger (1803–1874).[2][3] In 1870, he married Aleksandra Julia Wertheim (1847–1902), they had two children: Anna (1870–1942) and Julius (1871–1934).

Strasburger studied biological sciences in Paris, Bonn and Jena, receiving a PhD in 1866 after working with Nathanael Pringsheim. In 1868 he taught at the University of Warsaw. In 1869 he was appointed professor of botany at the University of Jena. From 1881 he was head of the Botanisches Institut at the University of Bonn.

Strasburger died in Bonn, Germany.

Achievements edit

Strasburge was a founder of the famous Lehrbuch der Botanik für Hochschulen (Textbook of Botany), which first appeared in 1894. He was the first to provide an accurate description of the embryonic sac in gymnosperms (such as conifers) and angiosperms (flowering plants), along with demonstrating double-fertilization in angiosperms. He came up with one of the modern laws of plant cytology: "New cell nuclei can only arise from the division of other nuclei." and originated the terms cytoplasm and nucleoplasm.

 
Strasburgeria robusta forms the own plant family Strasburgeriaceae in New Caledonia. Photo taken in his old Botanical Institute and Botanical Garden University of Bonn in 1992

Together with Walther Flemming and Edouard van Beneden, he elucidated chromosome distribution during cell division. His work on the upward movement of tree sap proved that the process was physical and not physiological.[clarification needed]

Awards edit

 
Linné Medaille an Eduard Strasburger, 1905

He was awarded the Linnean Medal in 1905, as well as the Linnean Society of London's even more prestigious Darwin-Wallace Medal in 1908, awarded only once every 50 years.

Family edit

Strasburger was married to the pianist Alexandra Julie ("Alexandrine") Wertheim (1847–1902, daughter of the banker and councillor Julius Wertheim 1817–1901 from Warsaw, half sister of Carl Tausig) and aunt of the pianist Juliusz Wertheim (1880−1928); they had three children (the third died early).[3] His son was the internist Julius Strasburger, a grandson was the ancient historian Hermann Strasburger.[3]

Works edit

The standard author abbreviation Strasb. is used to indicate this person as the author when citing a botanical name.[4]
  • On Cell Formation and Cell Division, 1876 – a book in which he set forth the basic principles of mitosis.
  • Ueber das Verhalten des Pollens und die Befruchtungsvorgänge bei den Gymnospermen: Schwärmsporen, Gameten, pflanzliche Spermatozoiden und das Wesen der Befruchtung. Gustav Fischer Verlag, Jena, 1892.
  • Lehrbuch der Botanik für Hochschulen, 1st ed., 1894; 4th ed., 1900, digital edition by ULB Düsseldorf; 5th ed., 1902, by ULB Düsseldorf; 8th ed., 1906, by ULB Düsseldorf; 16th ed., 1923, available at BHL; 33rd ed., 1991; 36th ed. 2008. Translated to English, Estonian, Italian, Japanese, Polish, Russian, Serbo-Croatian, and Spanish. A complete list of editions and translations up to 1994 is given in Finke et al. (1994)[5]
  • A Textbook of botany, 1st ed., 1898, English translation of the 2nd German ed. (1895), available at BHL. Macmillan, London.
  • Das kleine botanische Practicum für Anfänger : Anleitung zum Selbststudium der mikroskopischen Botanik und Einführung in die mikroskopische Technik, 4th ed., 1902, digital edition by ULB Düsseldorf.

See also edit

Notes edit

  1. ^ Iłowiecki, Maciej (1981). Dzieje nauki polskiej. Warszawa: Wydawnictwo Interpress. p. 188. ISBN 83-223-1876-6.
  2. ^ Szulc, Eugeniusz (1989). Cmentarz Ewangelicko-Augsburski w Warszawie: Zmarli i ich rodziny. Państwowy Instytut Wydawniczy. ISBN 9788306016062.
  3. ^ a b c Klaus Oskar Leyde: Strasburger. In: Deutsches Geschlechterbuch Band 207 (56. Allgemeiner Band), C. A. Starke Verlag, Limburg 1998, S. 227–242.
  4. ^ International Plant Names Index.  Strasb.
  5. ^ Finke, Bresinsky, Denffer, Ehrendorfer, Mägdefrau, Sitte, Ziegler & Lucius (1994). "100 Jahre Strasburgers Lehrbuch der Botanik für Hochschulen". Gustav Fischer Verlag, Stuttgart, Jena, New York.

References edit

  • "Strasburger, Eduard Adolf" Encyclopædia Britannica (1979 ed)
  • Family Tree maintained by great-great-grandniece Elonka Dunin
  • Deutsches Geschlechterbuch Band 207. C. A. Starke Verlag, Limburg an der Lahn. 1998. p. 527 pages.
  • Finke, H.M., A. Besinsky, D. von Denffer, F. Ehrendorfer, K. Mägdefrau, P. Sitte, H. Ziegler, W.D. von Lucius (1994): 100 Jahre Strasburgers Lehrbuch der Botanik für Hochschulen, 1894–1994. Gustav Fischer, Stuttgart/ Jena / New York. 168 Seiten.
  • Alt, W., K. P. Sauer: Biologie an der Universität Bonn. Eine 200-jährige Ideengeschichte. In: Bonner Schriften zur Universitäts- und Wissenschaftsgeschichte. Band 8. V&R unipress, 2016 (hdl.handle.net).

External links edit

December 02, 2023
eduard, strasburger, eduard, adolf, strasburger, february, 1844, 1912, polish, german, professor, most, famous, botanists, 19th, century, discovered, mitosis, plants, contents, life, achievements, awards, family, works, also, notes, references, external, links. Eduard Adolf Strasburger 1 February 1844 18 May 1912 was a Polish German 1 professor and one of the most famous botanists of the 19th century He discovered mitosis in plants Eduard Strasburger Contents 1 Life 2 Achievements 3 Awards 4 Family 5 Works 6 See also 7 Notes 8 References 9 External linksLife editEduard Strasburger was born in Warsaw Congress Poland the son of Krystyna Anna von Schutz and Edward Bogumil Strasburger 1803 1874 2 3 In 1870 he married Aleksandra Julia Wertheim 1847 1902 they had two children Anna 1870 1942 and Julius 1871 1934 Strasburger studied biological sciences in Paris Bonn and Jena receiving a PhD in 1866 after working with Nathanael Pringsheim In 1868 he taught at the University of Warsaw In 1869 he was appointed professor of botany at the University of Jena From 1881 he was head of the Botanisches Institut at the University of Bonn Strasburger died in Bonn Germany Achievements editStrasburge was a founder of the famous Lehrbuch der Botanik fur Hochschulen Textbook of Botany which first appeared in 1894 He was the first to provide an accurate description of the embryonic sac in gymnosperms such as conifers and angiosperms flowering plants along with demonstrating double fertilization in angiosperms He came up with one of the modern laws of plant cytology New cell nuclei can only arise from the division of other nuclei and originated the terms cytoplasm and nucleoplasm nbsp Strasburgeria robusta forms the own plant family Strasburgeriaceae in New Caledonia Photo taken in his old Botanical Institute and Botanical Garden University of Bonn in 1992Together with Walther Flemming and Edouard van Beneden he elucidated chromosome distribution during cell division His work on the upward movement of tree sap proved that the process was physical and not physiological clarification needed Awards edit nbsp Linne Medaille an Eduard Strasburger 1905He was awarded the Linnean Medal in 1905 as well as the Linnean Society of London s even more prestigious Darwin Wallace Medal in 1908 awarded only once every 50 years Family editStrasburger was married to the pianist Alexandra Julie Alexandrine Wertheim 1847 1902 daughter of the banker and councillor Julius Wertheim 1817 1901 from Warsaw half sister of Carl Tausig and aunt of the pianist Juliusz Wertheim 1880 1928 they had three children the third died early 3 His son was the internist Julius Strasburger a grandson was the ancient historian Hermann Strasburger 3 Works editThe standard author abbreviation Strasb is used to indicate this person as the author when citing a botanical name 4 On Cell Formation and Cell Division 1876 a book in which he set forth the basic principles of mitosis Ueber das Verhalten des Pollens und die Befruchtungsvorgange bei den Gymnospermen Schwarmsporen Gameten pflanzliche Spermatozoiden und das Wesen der Befruchtung Gustav Fischer Verlag Jena 1892 Lehrbuch der Botanik fur Hochschulen 1st ed 1894 4th ed 1900 digital edition by ULB Dusseldorf 5th ed 1902 by ULB Dusseldorf 8th ed 1906 by ULB Dusseldorf 16th ed 1923 available at BHL 33rd ed 1991 36th ed 2008 Translated to English Estonian Italian Japanese Polish Russian Serbo Croatian and Spanish A complete list of editions and translations up to 1994 is given in Finke et al 1994 5 A Textbook of botany 1st ed 1898 English translation of the 2nd German ed 1895 available at BHL Macmillan London Das kleine botanische Practicum fur Anfanger Anleitung zum Selbststudium der mikroskopischen Botanik und Einfuhrung in die mikroskopische Technik 4th ed 1902 digital edition by ULB Dusseldorf See also editList of PolesNotes edit Ilowiecki Maciej 1981 Dzieje nauki polskiej Warszawa Wydawnictwo Interpress p 188 ISBN 83 223 1876 6 Szulc Eugeniusz 1989 Cmentarz Ewangelicko Augsburski w Warszawie Zmarli i ich rodziny Panstwowy Instytut Wydawniczy ISBN 9788306016062 a b c Klaus Oskar Leyde Strasburger In Deutsches Geschlechterbuch Band 207 56 Allgemeiner Band C A Starke Verlag Limburg 1998 S 227 242 International Plant Names Index Strasb Finke Bresinsky Denffer Ehrendorfer Magdefrau Sitte Ziegler amp Lucius 1994 100 Jahre Strasburgers Lehrbuch der Botanik fur Hochschulen Gustav Fischer Verlag Stuttgart Jena New York References edit Strasburger Eduard Adolf Encyclopaedia Britannica 1979 ed Science is in a Constant Flow Live and Work of Eduard Strasburger 1844 1912 Family Tree maintained by great great grandniece Elonka Dunin Deutsches Geschlechterbuch Band 207 C A Starke Verlag Limburg an der Lahn 1998 p 527 pages Finke H M A Besinsky D von Denffer F Ehrendorfer K Magdefrau P Sitte H Ziegler W D von Lucius 1994 100 Jahre Strasburgers Lehrbuch der Botanik fur Hochschulen 1894 1994 Gustav Fischer Stuttgart Jena New York 168 Seiten Alt W K P Sauer Biologie an der Universitat Bonn Eine 200 jahrige Ideengeschichte In Bonner Schriften zur Universitats und Wissenschaftsgeschichte Band 8 V amp R unipress 2016 hdl handle net Strasburger Eduard Fritz Noll Heinrich Schenck Andreas Franz Wilhelm Schimper 1898 A Text book of Botany Translated by Hobart Charles Porter Macmillan Publishers p 632 pages External links editWorks by Eduard Strasburger at Project Gutenberg Works by or about Eduard Strasburger at Internet Archive Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Eduard Strasburger amp oldid 1176614544, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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