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Wikipedia

Godzilla (franchise)

April 18, 2024

Godzilla (Japanese: ゴジラ, Hepburn: Gojira) is a Japanese monster, or kaiju, media franchise consisting of films, television series, novels, comic books, video games, and other merchandise. The franchise is centered on the fictional kaiju Godzilla, a prehistoric reptilian monster awakened and powered by nuclear radiation. The franchise is recognized by the Guinness World Records as the "longest continuously running film franchise", having been in ongoing production since 1954, with several hiatuses of varying lengths.[8] The film franchise consists of 38 films: 33 Japanese films produced and distributed by Toho Co., Ltd.; and five American films, the first of which was produced by TriStar Pictures and the remaining four by Legendary Pictures, with the latest being released in March 2024.

Godzilla
Current official English brand logo[1]
Created by
Original workGodzilla (1954)[5]
OwnerToho Co., Ltd.[6]
Years1954–present
Print publications
Book(s)
ComicsFull list
Films and television
Film(s)
Television seriesFull list
Games
Video game(s)Full list
Audio
Soundtrack(s)Godzilla: Final Wars (2004)
Godzilla (2014)
Godzilla: King of the Monsters (2019)
Godzilla vs. Kong (2021)
Godzilla Minus One (2023)
Miscellaneous
American seriesMonsterVerse
Official website
Official website

The original film, Godzilla, was directed by and co-written by Ishirō Honda and released by Toho in 1954.[9] It became an influential classic of the genre. It featured political and social undertones relevant to Japan at the time. The 1954 film and its special effects director Eiji Tsuburaya are largely credited for establishing the template for tokusatsu, a technique of practical special effects filmmaking that would become essential in Japan's film industry since the release of Godzilla (1954).[10] For its North American release, the film was localized in 1956 as Godzilla, King of the Monsters!. It featured new footage with Raymond Burr edited together with the original Japanese footage.

The popularity of the films has led to the franchise expanding to other media, such as television, music, literature and video games. Godzilla has become one of the most recognizable symbols in Japanese pop culture worldwide and remains a well-known facet of Japanese cinema and was one of the first examples of the popular kaiju and tokusatsu subgenres in Japanese entertainment.

The tone and themes vary per film. Several of the films have political themes, others have dark tones, complex internal mythology, or are simple action films featuring aliens or other monsters, while others have simpler themes accessible to children.[11] Godzilla's role varies from purely a destructive force to an ally of humans, or a protector of Japanese values, or a hero to children. The name Godzilla is a romanization of the original Japanese name Gojira (ゴジラ)—which is a combination of two Japanese words: gorira (ゴリラ), "gorilla", and kujira (クジラ), "whale". The word alludes to the size, power and aquatic origin of Godzilla. As developed by Toho, the monster is an offshoot of the combination of radioactivity and ancient dinosaur-like creatures, indestructible and possessing special powers (see Godzilla characteristics).

History edit

The Godzilla film series is broken into several different eras reflecting a characteristic style and corresponding to the same eras used to classify all kaiju eiga (monster movies) in Japan. The first, second, and fourth eras refer to the Japanese emperor during production: the Shōwa era, the Heisei era, and the Reiwa era. The third is called the Millennium era, as the emperor (Heisei) is the same, but these films are considered to have a different style and storyline than the Heisei era.

Over the series' history, the films have reflected the social and political climate in Japan.[12] In the original film, Godzilla was an allegory for the effects of the atomic bomb, and the consequences that such weapons might have on Earth.[13][14][15][16] The radioactive contamination of the Japanese fishing boat Lucky Dragon No. 5 through the United States' Castle Bravo thermonuclear device test on Bikini Atoll on March 1, 1954, led to much press coverage in Japan preceding the release of the first film in 1954.[17] The Heisei and Millennium series have largely continued this concept. Toho was inspired to make the original Godzilla film after the commercial success of the 1952 re-release of King Kong and the success of The Beast from 20,000 Fathoms (1953), the first live-action film to feature a giant monster awakened following an atomic bomb detonation.[18] The success of the Godzilla franchise itself would go on to inspire other giant monster films worldwide.

Shōwa era (1954–1975) edit

 
 
The first Shōwa Godzilla (left) featured in Godzilla (1954) and the second Shōwa Godzilla (right) featured in Godzilla vs. Megalon (1973).

The initial series of films are named after the Shōwa era (as all of these films were produced during Emperor Shōwa's reign).[19][20] This Shōwa timeline spanned from 1954, with Godzilla, to 1975, with Terror of Mechagodzilla. Starting with Ghidorah, the Three-Headed Monster, Godzilla began evolving into a friendlier, more playful antihero (this transition was complete by Son of Godzilla, where Godzilla is depicted as a more virtuous character) and, as years went by, it evolved into an anthropomorphic superhero. Ghidorah the Three-Headed Monster was also significant for introducing Godzilla's archenemy and the main antagonist of the film series, King Ghidorah.

Son of Godzilla and All Monsters Attack were aimed at youthful audiences, featuring the appearance of Godzilla's son, Minilla. Godzilla vs. Mechagodzilla was notable for introducing Godzilla's robot duplicate and the secondary antagonist of the film series, Mechagodzilla. The Shōwa period loosely tied in to a number of Toho-produced films in which Godzilla himself did not appear and consequently saw the addition of many monsters into the Godzilla continuity, three of which (Rodan, Varan, and Mothra) originated in their own solo films and another five (Anguirus, Manda, Baragon, Gorosaurus and Kumonga) appeared in their first films as either secondary antagonists or secondary kaiju.

Haruo Nakajima mainly portrayed Godzilla since 1954 until his retirement in 1972. However, other stunt actors have portrayed the character in his absence, such as Katsumi Tezuka, Yū Sekida, Ryosaku Takasugi, Seiji Onaka, Shinji Takagi, Isao Zushi, and Toru Kawai.[21][22] Eiji Tsuburaya directed the special effects for the first six films of the series. His protege Sadamasa Arikawa took over the effects work for the next three films (with Tsuburaya supervising), while Teruyoshi Nakano directed the special effects for the last six films of the series.

Heisei era (1984–1995) edit

 
The Heisei Godzilla featured in Godzilla vs. Mothra (1992).

Toho rebooted the series in 1984 with The Return of Godzilla, starting the second era of Godzilla films, known as the Heisei series.[23] The Return of Godzilla serves as a direct sequel to the original 1954 film and ignores the subsequent events of the Shōwa era. The Return of Godzilla was released in 1984, five years before the new Emperor, but is considered part of this era, as it is a direct predecessor to Godzilla vs. Biollante (1989), which came out in the first year of the new Emperor's reign.[24]

The Heisei films are set in a single timeline, with each film providing continuity to the other films, and brings Godzilla back as a destructive force of nature that is feared by humans.[23] The biological nature and science behind Godzilla became a much more discussed issue in the films, showing the increased focus on the moral aspects of genetics. Godzilla vs. King Ghidorah gave Godzilla's first concrete birth story, featuring a dinosaur named Godzillasaurus that was mutated by nuclear radiation into Godzilla. Godzilla was portrayed by Kenpachiro Satsuma for the Heisei films while the special effects were directed by Koichi Kawakita, with the exception of The Return of Godzilla, for which the effects were directed by Teruyoshi Nakano.

Millennium era (1999–2004) edit

 
The Millennium iterations of Godzilla.

Toho rebooted the franchise for a second time with the 1999 film Godzilla 2000: Millennium starting the third era of Godzilla films, known as the Millennium series.[25][26] The Millennium series is treated similarly to an anthology series where each film is a standalone story, with the 1954 film serving as the only previous point of reference. Godzilla Against Mechagodzilla and Godzilla: Tokyo S.O.S. are the only films in the Millennium era to share continuity with each other and are also connected to 1961's Mothra.

After the release of 2004's Godzilla: Final Wars, marking the 50th anniversary of the Godzilla film franchise, Toho decided to put the series on hiatus for another 10 years. Toho also demolished the water stage on its lot used in numerous Godzilla, kaiju and tokusatsu films.[27] Yoshimitsu Banno, who had directed 1971's Godzilla vs. Hedorah, secured the rights from Toho to make an IMAX 3D short film production, based on a story similar to his Hedorah film. This project eventually led to the development of Legendary's Godzilla. Tsutomu Kitagawa portrayed Godzilla for the majority of the Millennium films, with the exception of Godzilla, Mothra and King Ghidorah: Giant Monsters All-Out Attack, in which Godzilla was portrayed by Mizuho Yoshida. Unlike the Shōwa and later Heisei films, the special effects for the Millennium films were directed by multiple effects directors such as Kenji Suzuki (Godzilla 2000, Godzilla vs. Megaguirus), Makoto Kamiya (Godzilla, Mothra and King Ghidorah: Giant Monsters All-Out Attack), Yuichi Kikuchi (Godzilla Against Mechagodzilla), and Eiichi Asada (Godzilla: Tokyo S.O.S., Godzilla: Final Wars).

Reiwa era (2016–present) edit

 
The Reiwa iterations of Godzilla.

In December 2014, Toho announced plans for a new Godzilla film of its own for a 2016 release.[28] The film is Toho's reboot of the Godzilla franchise, after Legendary Pictures' reboot in 2014; the film is co-directed by Hideaki Anno and Shinji Higuchi (both of whom collaborated on the anime Neon Genesis Evangelion), with the screenplay by Anno and the visual effects directed by Higuchi.[29][30][31] Principal photography began in September and ended in October with the special effects work following in November that year.[32][33] Shin Godzilla was released in Japan on July 29, 2016, in IMAX, 4DX, and MX4D to positive reviews and was a box office success.[34]

In August 2016, Toho announced plans for a trilogy of anime Godzilla films with Polygon Pictures animating the films and Netflix distributing the trilogy worldwide, except in Japan where each film will be given a theatrical release by Toho.[35][36] The first film, titled Godzilla: Planet of the Monsters, was released on November 17, 2017.[37] The second film, titled Godzilla: City on the Edge of Battle, was released on May 18, 2018.[38] The third and final film in the trilogy, titled Godzilla: The Planet Eater, was released on November 9, 2018.[39]

In January 2018, Toho announced its plans to invest ¥15 billion (US$135 million) for the next three years beginning in 2019 to co-produce content with Hollywood and Chinese studios who have licensed Toho's properties, such as Godzilla, Your Name and Pokémon. Toho would invest 25% in production costs and would earn a higher share in revenue and manage creators rights, so its creative input would be reflected in each work.[40] In May 2018, Toho's Chief Godzilla Officer Keiji Ota revealed that a sequel to Shin Godzilla would not happen, but expressed interest in a potential shared cinematic series between Godzilla and other Toho monsters akin to the Marvel Cinematic Universe.[41]

In 2019, Toho invested ¥15.4 billion (US$140 million) into its Los Angeles-based subsidiary Toho International Inc. as part of its "Toho Vision 2021 Medium-term Management Strategy", a strategy to increase content, platform, real-estate, surpass ¥50 billion in profits, and increase character businesses on Toho intellectual properties such as Godzilla. Hiroyasu Matsuoka was named the representative director of the project.[42] In 2019, Toho launched the first official English website and the first official English Twitter and Instagram for the franchise.[43][44]

In June 2019, Toho revealed plans to present the Toho Godzilla at the San Diego Comic-Con for the first time to commemorate the franchise's 65th anniversary, as well as being part of its plan to expand the franchise in the United States.[45] At the San Diego Comic-Con, Akito Takahashi, the project manager of Toho's Godzilla Strategic Conference, revealed Toho's intentions to have the Toho and Legendary Godzilla films expand together. He also revealed that the option to reintroduce political themes and old or new monsters would be available to filmmakers, should they choose to pursue it. Akito also expressed interest in re-introducing Mechagodzilla and Jet Jaguar in the future.[46][47]

In October 2020, Toho announced plans for an anime series titled Godzilla Singular Point released on Netflix in 2021, revealing artwork for Godzilla and its principal characters. The project was directed by Atsushi Takahashi, with music by Kan Sawada, written by Toh Enjoe, character designs by Kazue Kato, and animations by Eiji Yamamori. The series was produced by Bones Inc. in partnership with Orange Co., Ltd., featured hand-drawn and CG animation, and had no relation to Polygon's anime film trilogy.[48]

On November 3, 2022, during the franchise's 68th anniversary known as "Godzilla Day", Toho announced plans to release a new live-action Godzilla film, Godzilla Minus One, on November 3, 2023, to commemorate the franchise's 70th anniversary. Toho also stated that Takashi Yamazaki was the director, writer, and visual effects supervisor for this new film and that it had entered post-production after recently completed filming.[49] According to Collider, Minus One became the most commercially successful Japanese film in the series and "helped the Godzilla series become more popular than ever before".[50] In 2024, Minus One won the Academy Award for Best Visual Effects, becoming the first Godzilla film to win an Academy Award, as well as the first Japanese film to win Best Visual Effects.[51]

American films edit

The Volcano Monsters (1957) edit

Main article: Godzilla Raids Again § American version

The producers of Godzilla, King of the Monsters! – Harry Rybnick, Richard Kay, Edward Barison, Paul Schreibman, and Edmund Goldman – purchased the North American rights to the 1955 sequel Godzilla Raids Again but rather than localize or dub the film in English, they chose to produce a new film that would repurpose the effects footage from Godzilla Raids Again; filming was expected to begin in June 1957. Rybnick hired Ib Melchior and Edwin Watson to write a script, titled The Volcano Monsters, that focused on a new story with American characters centered around the effects footage. Toho approved of the idea in early 1957 and shipped the Godzilla and Anguirus suits for additional photography to be shot at Howard A. Anderson's special effects studio. Rybnick and Barison originally made a deal with AB-PT Pictures Corp. to co-finance the film but plans for The Volcano Monsters were cancelled after AB-PT Pictures folded. Schreibman, Goldman, and new financier Newton P. Jacobs, decided to dub Godzilla Raids Again into English instead.[52][53]

Unproduced 3D film (1983) edit

 
Storyboard by William Stout for Steve Miner's unproduced 3D Godzilla film. Stout chose to reinvent his Godzilla design as an amalgam between a Tyrannosaurus and Toho's original design.[54]
Main article: Godzilla: King of the Monsters in 3D

In 1983, director Steve Miner pitched his idea for an American 3D production of Godzilla to Toho, with storyboards by William Stout and a script written by Fred Dekker, titled Godzilla: King of the Monsters in 3D, which would have featured Godzilla rampaging through San Francisco in an attempt to find its offspring.[55] Various studios and producers expressed interest but passed it over due to high budget concerns.[56] The film would have featured a full scale animatronic Godzilla head built by Rick Baker, stop motion animation executed by David W. Allen, an articulated stop motion Godzilla figure created by Stephen Czerkas, and additional storyboards by Doug Wildey.[57][58] The production design would have been overseen by William Stout.[59]

TriStar Pictures (1998–2000) edit

Main articles: Godzilla (1998 film) and Godzilla: The Series
 
 
TriStar's Godzilla (left) and Legendary's Godzilla (right). The 1998 film's depiction of Godzilla received wide criticism from fans, critics, and journalists for its drastic departure from its source material.[b] In comparison, the 2014 film and its depiction of Godzilla received a more positive response, with praise to its respect to the source material and being more favorably compared against the 1998 film.[c]

In October 1992, TriStar Pictures acquired the rights from Toho with plans to produce a trilogy.[67] Director Jan de Bont and writers Terry Rossio and Ted Eliott developed a script that had Godzilla battling a shape-shifting alien called "the Gryphon". De Bont later left the project after budget disagreements with the studio.[68] Roland Emmerich was hired to direct and co-write a new script with producer Dean Devlin.

A co-production between Centropolis Entertainment, Fried Films, Independent Pictures, and TriStar Pictures,[7] Godzilla was theatrically released on May 20, 1998, to negative reviews[69][70] and grossed $379 million worldwide against a production budget between $130–150 million.[71][72] Despite grossing nearly three times its budget,[73] it was considered a box office disappointment.[74][75] Two planned sequels were cancelled and an animated TV series was produced instead.[76] TriStar let the license expire in 2003. In 2004, Toho began trademarking new iterations of TriStar's Godzilla as "Zilla", with only the incarnations from the 1998 film and animated TV series retaining the Godzilla copyright/trademark.[70][77]

Legendary Pictures (2014–present) edit

Main article: MonsterVerse

In 2004, director Yoshimitsu Banno acquired permission from Toho to produce a short IMAX Godzilla film. In 2009, the project was turned over to Legendary Pictures to be redeveloped as a feature film.[78] Announced in March 2010, the film was co-produced with Warner Bros. Pictures and was directed by Gareth Edwards.[79][80]

Godzilla was theatrically released on May 16, 2014, to positive reviews[81][82] and was a box office success, grossing $529 million worldwide against a production budget of $160 million.[83] The film's success prompted Toho to produce a reboot of their own and Legendary to proceed with sequels and a shared cinematic franchise dubbed the MonsterVerse:[84] with Godzilla: King of the Monsters released on May 31, 2019;[85] Godzilla vs. Kong released on March 24, 2021;[86][87] the TV series Monarch: Legacy of Monsters released on November 17, 2023, on Apple TV+; and Godzilla x Kong: The New Empire released on March 29, 2024.[88]

Filmography edit

Toho films edit

# Title Year Director(s) Effects director(s) Monster co-star(s)
Shōwa era (1954–1975)
1

Godzilla

1954 Ishirō Honda Eiji Tsuburaya —
2

Godzilla Raids Again

1955 Motoyoshi Oda Anguirus
3 King Kong vs. Godzilla 1962 Ishirō Honda King Kong, the Oodako[d]
4

Mothra vs. Godzilla

1964 Mothra
5

Ghidorah, the Three-Headed Monster

King Ghidorah, Rodan, Mothra
6

Invasion of Astro-Monster

1965 King Ghidorah, Rodan
7

Ebirah, Horror of the Deep

1966 Jun Fukuda Sadamasa Arikawa [ja] Ebirah, Mothra, the Ookondoru[e]
8 Son of Godzilla 1967 Minilla, Kumonga, Kamacuras
9 Destroy All Monsters 1968 Ishirō Honda King Ghidorah, Rodan, Mothra, Anguirus, Minilla, Kumonga, Manda, Gorosaurus, Baragon, Varan
10

All Monsters Attack

1969 Ishirō Honda
Teruyoshi Nakano 		Gabara, Minilla
11

Godzilla vs. Hedorah

1971 Yoshimitsu Banno Teruyoshi Nakano Hedorah
12

Godzilla vs. Gigan

1972 Jun Fukuda Gigan, King Ghidorah, Anguirus[f]
13 Godzilla vs. Megalon 1973 Megalon, Jet Jaguar, Gigan, Anguirus
14

Godzilla vs. Mechagodzilla

1974 Mechagodzilla, King Caesar, Anguirus
15

Terror of Mechagodzilla

1975 Ishirō Honda Mechagodzilla 2, Titanosaurus
Heisei era (1984–1995)
16

The Return of Godzilla

1984 Kōji Hashimoto Teruyoshi Nakano Shockirus[g] (Giant Sea Lice)[93]
17 Godzilla vs. Biollante 1989 Kazuki Ōmori Kōichi Kawakita Biollante
18 Godzilla vs. King Ghidorah 1991 King Ghidorah, Mecha-King Ghidorah, the Dorats, Godzillasaurus
19

Godzilla vs. Mothra

1992 Takao Ōkawara Mothra, Battra
20

Godzilla vs. Mechagodzilla II

1993 Mechagodzilla, Super Mechagodzilla, Rodan, Fire Rodan, Baby Godzilla
21 Godzilla vs. SpaceGodzilla 1994 Kenshō Yamashita [ja] SpaceGodzilla, Moguera, Fairy Mothra, Little Godzilla
22

Godzilla vs. Destoroyah

1995 Takao Ōkawara Destoroyah, Godzilla Junior
Millennium era (1999–2004)
23

Godzilla 2000: Millennium

1999 Takao Ōkawara Kenji Suzuki Orga, the Millennian
24

Godzilla vs. Megaguirus

2000 Masaaki Tezuka [ja] Megaguirus, the Meganulons, the Meganulas
25

Godzilla, Mothra and King Ghidorah: Giant Monsters All-Out Attack

2001 Shūsuke Kaneko Makoto Kamiya [ja] King Ghidorah, Mothra, Baragon
26

Godzilla Against Mechagodzilla

2002 Masaaki Tezuka Yūichi Kikuchi [ja] Mechagodzilla[h]
27

Godzilla: Tokyo S.O.S.

2003 Eiichi Asada [ja] Mechagodzilla,[h] Mothra, Kamoebas
28 Godzilla: Final Wars 2004 Ryūhei Kitamura Monster X, Keizer Ghidorah, Zilla, Rodan, Mothra, Gigan, King Caesar, Anguirus, Minilla, Kumonga, Kamacuras, Manda, Hedorah, Ebirah
Reiwa era (2016–present)[i]
29 Shin Godzilla 2016 Hideaki Anno
Shinji Higuchi 		Shinji Higuchi
Katsuro Onoue 		—
30 Godzilla: Planet of the Monsters 2017 Kōbun Shizuno
Hiroyuki Seshita [ja] 		— Servum, Dogora, Dagahra, Orga, Kamacuras, Anguirus, Rodan, Mechagodzilla
31 Godzilla: City on the Edge of Battle 2018 Mechagodzilla City, Servum, Vulture
32 Godzilla: The Planet Eater King Ghidorah, Mothra, Servum
33 Godzilla Minus One 2023 Takashi Yamazaki Takashi Yamazaki
Kiyoko Shibuya[j]		 —

American films edit

# Title Year Director(s) Effects supervisor Monster co-star(s)
TriStar Pictures (1998)
1 Godzilla 1998 Roland Emmerich Volker Engel Baby Godzillas
Legendary Pictures / MonsterVerse (2014–present)
2 Godzilla 2014 Gareth Edwards Jim Rygiel MUTOs (male and female)
3 Godzilla: King of the Monsters 2019 Michael Dougherty Guillaume Rocheron King Ghidorah, Mothra, Rodan, Queen MUTO, Behemoth, Methuselah, Scylla[99]
4 Godzilla vs. Kong 2021 Adam Wingard John "DJ" DesJardin Kong, Mechagodzilla,[100] Skullcrawler, Warbat,[101] Hell Hawk[102] Titanus Doug
5 Godzilla x Kong: The New Empire 2024 Alessandro Ongaro[103] Kong, Skar King, Shimo, Suko, Mothra, Titanus Doug, Wart Dog, Scylla, Tiamat

Guest appearances edit

In 2007, a CGI Godzilla appeared in the Toho slice of life film Always: Sunset on Third Street 2.[104] In an imaginary sequence, Godzilla destroys part of 1959 Tokyo, with one of the main protagonists getting angry that Godzilla damaged his car showroom. The making of the sequence was kept a secret. Godzilla has been referenced in, and has briefly appeared in, several other films.[105][106] Godzilla guest starred in the show Crayon Shin-chan as an antagonist.[107] Godzilla also appears in cave paintings (alongside Rodan, Mothra and King Ghidorah) in a post-credits scene in Kong: Skull Island. In 2019, Godzilla made an appearance in the anime film Shinkansen Henkei Robo Shinkalion the Movie: Mirai Kara Kita Shinsoku no ALFA-X.[108]

Localized releases edit

In 1956, Jewell Enterprises Inc., released Godzilla, King of the Monsters!, an American localization of Godzilla (1954). This version removed most of the political themes and social commentaries, resulting in 30 minutes of footage from the Japanese version replaced with new footage featuring Raymond Burr interacting with Japanese actors and look-alikes to make it seem like Burr was a part of the original Japanese production. In addition, the soundtrack and sound effects were slightly altered and some dialogue was dubbed into English.[109] This release is referred to as an "Americanization" or the "Americanized" version by some sources.[110][111][112] Similar localizations (or Americanizations) occurred for the U.S. releases of King Kong vs. Godzilla[113] and The Return of Godzilla, released in the U.S. as Godzilla 1985;[114] the latter which had Burr reprising the role of Steve Martin from Godzilla, King of the Monsters!.[115]

In 1957, the same American producers of Godzilla, King of the Monsters! attempted to produce The Volcano Monsters, a new film that would have repurposed the effects footage of Godzilla Raids Again around a new story with American characters. However, funding from AB-PT Pictures collapsed after the company closed down and Godzilla Raids Again was instead re-cut, dubbed in English, and released in 1959 by Warner Bros. as Gigantis the Fire Monster.[116]

In 1976, Italian director Luigi Cozzi intended to re-release Godzilla in Italy (known by fans as "Cozilla"). Facing resistance from exhibitors to showing a black-and-white film, Cozzi instead licensed a negative of Godzilla, King of the Monsters from Toho and created a new film in color, adding much stock footage of graphic death and destruction and short scenes from newsreel footage from World War II, which he released as Godzilla in 1977. The film was colorized using a process called Spectrorama 70, where color gels are put on the original black-and-white film, becoming one of the first black-and-white films to be colorized. Dialogue was dubbed into Italian and new music was added. After the initial Italian run, the negative became Toho's property and prints have only been exhibited in Italy from that time onward. Italian firm Yamato Video at one time intended to release the colorized version on a two-disc DVD along with the original Godzilla.[117][118]

Year Title Notes Director(s)
1956 Godzilla, King of the Monsters! Re-edited U.S. version of Godzilla (1954) with additional footage Ishirō Honda
Terry O. Morse
1963 King Kong vs. Godzilla Re-edited U.S. version of the 1962 film with additional footage Ishirō Honda
Thomas Montgomery
1977 Godzilla Re-edited Italian version of Godzilla, King of the Monsters! (1956) Ishirō Honda
Luigi Cozzi
1985 Godzilla 1985 Re-edited U.S. version of The Return of Godzilla (1984) with additional footage Koji Hashimoto
R.J. Kizer

Reception edit

Critical response edit

Toho productions edit

Title Rotten Tomatoes Metacritic
Godzilla (1954) 93% (75 reviews)[119] 78 (20 reviews)[120]
Godzilla, King of the Monsters! (1956) 83% (24 reviews)[121] 60 (7 reviews)[122]
Godzilla Raids Again 64% (11 reviews)[123]
King Kong vs. Godzilla 52% (21 reviews)[124]
Mothra vs. Godzilla 92% (13 reviews)[125]
Ghidorah, the Three-Headed Monster 77% (13 reviews)[126]
Invasion of Astro-Monster 50% (8 reviews)[127]
Ebirah, Horror of the Deep 57% (7 reviews)[128]
Son of Godzilla 60% (15 reviews)[129]
Destroy All Monsters 75% (8 reviews)[130]
All Monsters Attack 29% (7 reviews)[131]
Godzilla vs. Hedorah 62% (13 reviews)[132]
Godzilla vs. Gigan 67% (6 reviews)[133]
Godzilla vs. Megalon 38% (8 reviews)[134]
Godzilla vs. Mechagodzilla 86% (7 reviews)[135]
Terror of Mechagodzilla 43% (7 reviews)[136]
The Return of Godzilla/Godzilla 1985 27% (11 reviews)[137]
Godzilla vs. Biollante 71% (7 reviews)[138]
Godzilla vs. King Ghidorah 56% (9 reviews)[139]
Godzilla vs. Mothra 78% (9 reviews)[140]
Godzilla vs. Mechagodzilla II 83% (6 reviews)[141]
Godzilla vs. SpaceGodzilla 57% (7 reviews)[142]
Godzilla vs. Destoroyah 100% (6 reviews)[143]
Godzilla 2000: Millennium 57% (69 reviews)[144] 41 (23 reviews)[145]
Godzilla vs. Megaguirus 60% (5 reviews)[146]
Godzilla, Mothra and King Ghidorah:
Giant Monsters All-Out Attack 		65% (17 reviews)[147]
Godzilla Against Mechagodzilla 75% (4 reviews)[148]
Godzilla: Tokyo S.O.S. 80% (5 reviews)[149]
Godzilla: Final Wars 50% (12 reviews)[150]
Shin Godzilla 86% (73 reviews)[151] 68 (14 reviews)[152]
Godzilla: Planet of the Monsters 71% (7 reviews)[153]
Godzilla: City on the Edge of Battle 60% (5 reviews)[154]
Godzilla: The Planet Eater 60% (5 reviews)[155]
Godzilla Singular Point 56% (9 reviews)[156]
Godzilla Minus One 98% (176 reviews)[157] 81 (35 reviews)[158]

American productions edit

Title Rotten Tomatoes Metacritic
Godzilla (1998) 20% (150 reviews)[159] 32 (23 reviews)[160]
Godzilla (2014) 76% (330 reviews)[161] 62 (48 reviews)[162]
Godzilla: King of the Monsters (2019) 42% (354 reviews)[163] 48 (46 reviews)[164]
Godzilla vs. Kong 76% (392 reviews)[165] 59 (57 reviews)[166]
Monarch: Legacy of Monsters 89% (84 reviews)[167] 68 (26 reviews)[168]
Godzilla x Kong: The New Empire 54% (210 reviews)[169] 47 (51 reviews)[170]

Other media edit

Television edit

Japan edit

In 1973, Godzilla was featured in Toho's tokusatsu series Zone Fighter, which also featured King Ghidorah and Gigan in a few episodes. Several filmmakers who had worked on previous Godzilla films participated in the series; Tomoyuki Tanaka produced the series, directors Ishirō Honda and Jun Fukuda directed a few episodes – Fukuda also wrote episode four, effects director Teruyoshi Nakano contributed to the special effects, while Kōichi Kawakita (who would direct the effects for Toho's Heisei era films) served as assistant effects director.[171] In 1992, Toho produced a children's educational animated series titled Godzilland which featured live-action segments mixed with chibi-styled animation.[172] In 1997, Toho produced a children's series titled Godzilla Island, centered on Godzilla toys. Toho made the series available worldwide on their official YouTube channel in November 2022.[173] In October 2020, Toho announced Godzilla Singular Point; an anime series directed by Atsushi Takahashi, written by Toh EnJoe, and animated by Japanese studios Bones and Orange.[174] Godzilla Singular Point aired on Japanese television in April 2021 and released worldwide on Netflix in June 2021.[175] Chibi Godzilla Raids Again, a short anime series produced by Toho and Pie in the sky, aired in 2023.[176]

United States edit

Godzilla and its likeness has appeared in various television-related media, including Robot Chicken, Roseanne, Animaniacs, South Park, Malcolm In The Middle, Chappelle's Show, Rugrats, a Nike commercial with Charles Barkley battling Godzilla, and multiple appearances on The Simpsons, including a Halloween spoof titled Homerzilla.[177][178]

In 1978, Hanna-Barbera produced the animated series Godzilla and ran for two seasons on NBC.[179] In 2022, Toho made the complete Hanna-Barbera series available worldwide on their official YouTube channel.[180] In 1991, the English dubbed versions of Ebirah, Horror of the Deep (as Godzilla vs. the Sea Monster) and Godzilla vs. Megalon were riffed on Mystery Science Theater 3000.[181] In 1998, Columbia TriStar Television produced Godzilla: The Series; developed by Jeff Kline and Richard Raynis, the series served as a sequel to the 1998 film Godzilla and ran for two seasons on Fox Kids.[182] In January 2022, Legendary Television announced that Apple TV+ had ordered a live-action series set in the MonsterVerse titled Monarch: Legacy of Monsters.[183]

Year Title Notes
1973 Zone Fighter The series features Godzilla in seven episodes.[171]
1978–1979 Godzilla In 2006, Classic Media released the first eight episodes on two volume DVD's as Godzilla: The Original Animated Series.[184] In 2022, Toho International Inc. released the complete series on their official YouTube channel.[180]
1992 Godzilland
1993 Godzilland 2
1994-1996 Get Going! Godzilland
1997–1998 Godzilla Island
1998–2000 Godzilla: The Series
2021 Godzilla Singular Point
2023 Monarch: Legacy of Monsters

Video games edit

Main article: List of Godzilla games

A game called Gojira-kun (which was originally going to be titled Gojiraland)[185] was released for the MSX in 1985. In 1990, Gojira-kun: Kaijū Daikōshin was released for the Game Boy. In 1993, Super Godzilla was released for the SNES.[186] In 2004, Godzilla: Save the Earth was released by Atari. In 2007, Godzilla: Unleashed was released for the Wii and DS. The 2014 video game Godzilla was released by Bandai Namco.[187] In May 2022, Call of Duty: Warzone featured a cross-over event for Godzilla vs. Kong.[188] Godzila would be confirmed to play in the Kaiju fighting game GigaBash as a guest character.[189]

Literature edit

Main article: Godzilla (comics)

A Godzilla series of books was published by Random House during the late 1990s and the first half of 2000. The company created different series for different age groups, the Scott Ciencin series being aimed at preteens and the Marc Cerasini series being aimed at teens and young adults. Several manga have been derived from specific Godzilla films and both Marvel and Dark Horse have published Godzilla comic book series (1977–1979 and 1987–1999, respectively). In 2011, IDW Publishing started a new series, Godzilla: Kingdom of Monsters (published in book form under the same title), rebooting the Godzilla story. It was followed by two sequel series, Godzilla (published in book form as Godzilla: History's Greatest Monster) and Godzilla: Rulers of Earth (published in book form as Godzilla: Complete Rulers of Earth Volume 1 and Godzilla: Complete Rulers of Earth Volume 2), as well as seven five-issue miniseries to date.

To tie-in with the 2014 film, three books were published. Titan Books published a novelization of the film in May 2014, written by Greg Cox. The graphic novel Godzilla: Awakening by Max Borenstein, Greg Borenstein and Eric Battle served as a prequel, and Godzilla: The Art of Destruction by Mark Cotta told about the making of the film. Godzilla has been referenced in The Simpsons comics on three separate occasions. The character is featured in Bart Simpson's Guide to Life where it and other kaiju characters such as Minilla and King Ghidorah can be seen; it is featured in the comic "An Anime Among Us!" and K-Bart. Godzilla is also featured in the comic Bart Simpson's Treehouse of Horror 7 where it and other kaiju can be seen referenced on the front cover.

Music edit

Godzilla: The Album, the soundtrack album of Godzilla (1998), sold 2.5 million copies worldwide.[190] The album's lead single, "Come with Me" by Puff Daddy featuring Jimmy Page, sold a certified 2.025 million copies worldwide.[191] Its Japan-exclusive single, "Lose Control" by Japanese rock band L'Arc-en-Ciel, sold 938,401 copies in Japan.[citation needed] Shin Godzilla Ongakushuu, the soundtrack album of Shin Godzilla (2016), sold 43,951 copies in Japan.[citation needed] Mars (1991), an album by the Japanese rock duo B'z featuring a Godzilla-themed song, sold 1,730,500 copies in Japan.[192]

Blue Öyster Cult released the song "Godzilla" in 1977. It was the first track, and the second of four singles, from their fifth studio album Spectres (also 1977). Artists such as Fu Manchu, Racer X and Double Experience have included cover versions of this song on their albums. American musician Michale Graves wrote a song titled "Godzilla" for his 2005 album Punk Rock Is Dead. The lyrics mention Godzilla and several on-screen adversaries such as Mothra, Hedorah, Destoroyah and Gigan.[193] The Brazilian heavy metal band Sepultura has a song titled "Biotech is Godzilla" on its 1993 release Chaos A.D.[194]

Composer Eric Whitacre wrote a piece for wind ensemble titled "Godzilla Eats Las Vegas!" The work was commissioned by Thomas Leslie of the University of Nevada, Las Vegas and was premiered in 1996 by the university's wind band. Annotations on the score instruct performers to dress in costume and a "script" is provided for the audience. Since the piece's premiere, it has been performed by notable ensembles including the United States Marine Band and the Scottish National Wind Symphony.[195]

The French death metal band Gojira named the band after Godzilla's name in Japanese.[196] The song "Simon Says" by Pharoahe Monch is a hip-hop remix of the "Godzilla March" theme song. The instrumental version of this song was notably used in the 2000 film Charlie's Angels. The British band Lostprophets released a song called "We Are Godzilla, You Are Japan" on its second studio album Start Something. The American punk band Groovie Ghoulies released a song called "Hats off to You (Godzilla)" as a tribute to Godzilla. It is featured on the EP Freaks on Parade released in 2002.

The American artist Doctor Steel released a song called 'Atomic Superstar' about Godzilla on his album People of Earth in 2002. In 2003, the British singer Siouxsie Sioux released the album Hái! with her band The Creatures; the album had a Japanese theme with a song dedicated to the monster, simply titled "Godzilla!". The record label Shifty issued the compilation album Destroysall with 15 songs from 15 bands, ranging from hardcore punk to doom-laden death metal. Not all of the songs are dedicated to Godzilla, but all do appear connected to monsters from Toho Studios. Fittingly, the disc was released on August 1, 2003, the 35th anniversary of the Japanese release of Destroy All Monsters.

King Geedorah (a.k.a. MF DOOM) released Take Me to Your Leader, a hip-hop album featuring guests from the group Monsta Island Czars, another Godzilla-themed hip-hop group. These albums include multiple Godzilla samples throughout the series. Taiwanese American electronic musician Mochipet released the EP Godzilla Rehab Center on August 21, 2012, featuring songs named after monsters in the series including Gigan, King Ghidorah, Moguera and Hedorah.

In 2019, American rock band Think Sanity released their debut album featuring songs based on Godzilla, Mothra, and Hedorah. The songs are titled "Sad Kaiju", "Mothra", and "Sludge", respectively. The monsters are also mentioned by name on the track "News at Six" in which they are comically described by newscaster Chip Bentley as destroying a nearby town. The band has mentioned in interviews that they have also written songs based on Biollante, King Ghidorah, and Rodan as well.

Geographic features edit

The largest megamullion, located 600 kilometres to the south-east of Okinotorishima, the southernmost Japanese island, is named the Godzilla Megamullion. The Japan Coast Guard played a role in name, reaching an agreement with Toho who owns the rights to Godzilla. Toho's Chief Godzilla officer Keiji Ota stated that "I am truly honored that (the megamullion) bears Godzilla's name, the Earth's most powerful monster."[197]

Cultural impact edit

Main article: Godzilla in popular culture

Godzilla is one of the most recognizable symbols of Japanese popular culture worldwide and is an important facet of Japanese films, embodying the kaiju subset of the tokusatsu genre. It has been considered an allegory of nuclear weapons. The earlier Godzilla films, especially the original Godzilla, portrayed Godzilla as a frightening, nuclear monster. Godzilla represented the fears that many Japanese held about the nuclear attacks on Hiroshima and Nagasaki and the possibility of recurrence.[198]

As the series progressed, so did Godzilla, changing into a less destructive and more heroic character.[199][200] Ghidorah, the Three-Headed Monster (1964) was the turning point in Godzilla's transformation from villain to hero, by pitting him against a greater threat to humanity, King Ghidorah.[201] Godzilla has since been viewed as an anti-hero.[199] Roger Ebert cites Godzilla as a notable example of a villain-turned-hero, along with King Kong, the James Bond films' Jaws, the Terminator, and Rambo.[202]

Godzilla is considered "the original radioactive superhero" due to his accidental radioactive origin story predating Spider-Man (1962 debut),[199] though Godzilla did not become a hero until Ghidorah in 1964.[201] By the 1970s, Godzilla came to be viewed as a superhero, with the magazine King of the Monsters in 1977 describing Godzilla as "Superhero of the '70s."[203] In 1973, Godzilla was voted the most popular movie monster in The Monster Times poll, beating Count Dracula, King Kong, Wolf Man, The Mummy, Creature From the Black Lagoon, and Frankenstein's monster.[204]

In 2010, the Sea Shepherd Conservation Society named their most recently acquired scout vessel MV Gojira. Toho, the people in charge of the Godzilla franchise, served them with a notice to remove the name and in response the boat's name was changed in May 2011 to MV Brigitte Bardot.[205]

Steven Spielberg cited Godzilla as an inspiration for Jurassic Park (1993), specifically Godzilla, King of the Monsters! (1956), which he grew up watching.[206] During its production, Spielberg described Godzilla as "the most masterful of all the dinosaur movies because it made you believe it was really happening."[207] Godzilla also influenced the Spielberg film Jaws (1975).[208][209] Godzilla has also been cited as an inspiration by actor Tim Allen and filmmakers Martin Scorsese and Tim Burton.[210]

Awards edit

Won edit

  • 1954 Japan Movie Association Awards – Special Effects (Godzilla (1954))[211]
  • 1966 Japan Academy Award – Special Effects (Invasion of Astro-Monster)
  • 1986 Japan Academy Award – Special Effects and Newcomer of the Year (The Return of Godzilla)
  • 1986 Razzie Awards – Worst Supporting Actor and Worst New Star (The Return of Godzilla)
  • 1992 Japan Academy Award – Special Effects (Godzilla vs. King Ghidorah)
  • 1993 Tokyo Sports Movie Awards – Best Leading Actor (Godzilla vs. Mothra)
  • 1993 Best Grossing Films Award – Golden Award and Money-Making Star Award (Godzilla vs. Mothra)
  • 1993 Japan Academy Award – Best Score (Godzilla vs. Mothra)
  • 1994 Japan Academy Award – Best Score (Godzilla vs. Mechagodzilla II)
  • 1995 Best Grossing Films Award – Silver Award (Godzilla vs. SpaceGodzilla)
  • 1996 Best Grossing Films Award – Golden Award (Godzilla vs. Destoroyah)
  • 1996 Japan Academy Award – Special Effects (Godzilla vs. Destoroyah)
  • 1996 MTV Movie Awards – Lifetime Achievement*
  • 1998 Golden Raspberry Awards – Worst Supporting Actress and Worst Remake or Sequel (Godzilla (1998))
  • 1999 Saturn Awards – Best Special Effects (Godzilla (1998))
  • 2001 Saturn Awards – Best Home Video Release (Godzilla 2000)
  • 2002 Best Grossing Films Award – Silver Award (Godzilla, Mothra and King Ghidorah: Giant Monsters All-Out Attack)
  • 2004 Hollywood Walk of Fame.[212][213] – (Godzilla: Final Wars)
  • 2007 Saturn Awards – Best DVD Classic Film Release (Godzilla (1954))
  • 2014 22nd Annual Japan Cool Content Contribution Award (Godzilla (2014))[214]
  • 2017 40th Japan Academy Prize – Best Picture, Best Director, Cinematography, Lighting Direction, Art Direction, Sound Recording, Film Editing (Shin Godzilla)[215]
  • 2017 11th Asian Film Awards – Best Visual Effects (Shin Godzilla)[216]
  • 2021 21st Golden Trailer Awards – Best Fantasy Adventure TV Spot for a Feature Film ( Godzilla: King of the Monsters)[217]
  • 2022 47th Saturn Awards – Best Special Effects (Godzilla vs. Kong)[218]
  • 2024 17th Asian Film Awards – Best Sound and Best Visual Effects (Godzilla Minus One)[219]
  • 2024 47th Japan Academy Film Prize – Best Picture, Best Screenplay (Yamazaki), Best Supporting Actress (Sakura Ando), Best Cinematography, Best Lighting Direction, Best Art Direction, Best Sound Recording and Best Film Editing (Godzilla Minus One)[220]
  • 2024 96th Academy Awards – Best Visual Effects (Godzilla Minus One)[51]

(*) In 1996 Godzilla received an award for Lifetime Achievement at the MTV Movie Awards. Creator and producer Shōgo Tomiyama accepted on his behalf via satellite and was joined by "Godzilla" himself.

Nominations edit

  • 2022 20th Visual Effects Society Awards – Outstanding Visual Effects in a Photoreal Feature, Outstanding Virtual Cinematography in a CG Project, Outstanding Effects Simulations in a Photoreal Feature (Godzilla vs. Kong)[221]
  • 2024 22nd Visual Effects Society Awards – Outstanding Animated Character in a Photoreal Feature for"Godzilla" (Godzilla Minus One)[222]
  • 2024 22nd Visual Effects Society Awards – Outstanding Visual Effects in a Photoreal Episode ( Monarch: Legacy of Monsters)

Name usage edit

Main article: -zilla

"-zilla" is a well-known slang suffix, used to imply some form of excess to a person, object or theme;[223] some examples being the reality TV show Bridezillas and the Netscape-derived web browser Mozilla Firefox.

See also edit

Notes edit

  1. ^ Godzilla (1998) was a co-production between Centropolis Entertainment, Fried Films, Independent Pictures, and TriStar Pictures.[7]
  2. ^ Attributed to multiple sources.[60][61][62]
  3. ^ Attributed to multiple sources.[63][64][65][66]
  4. ^ "Oodako" literally means "giant octopus" in Japanese.[89][90]
  5. ^ "Ookondoru" literally means "giant condor" in Japanese.[89][91]
  6. ^ The film briefly recycles footage of Rodan, Mothra, Gorosaurus, Minilla, Kamacuras, and Kumonga from Son of Godzilla and Destroy All Monsters.
  7. ^ While unnamed in the film, the Giant Sea Lice are called ショッキラス ("Shokkirasu") in official Japanese sources, and "Shockirus" has become the accepted Romanization of that name.[92]
  8. ^ a b Referred to as Kiryu.[94]
  9. ^ Japan's Reiwa era began on May 1, 2019;[95] however, Toho considers Shin Godzilla and the anime trilogy as part of the Reiwa era.[96]
  10. ^ Yamazaki is credited by Japanese sources as in charge of VFX, while English sources have said he was visual effects supervisor. Shibuya is credited in the Japanese theatrical release poster and TV Shinshu television special on Yamazaki as the VFX director (VFXディレクター, VFX direkutā).[97][98]

References edit

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Sources edit

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External links edit

  • Official Godzilla website by Toho Co., Ltd. (in English)
  • Official website of Toho Co., Ltd. (in Japanese)
 
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Godzilla (franchise).
 
Wikiquote has quotations related to Godzilla (franchise).

April 18, 2024
godzilla, franchise, godzilla, japanese, ゴジラ, hepburn, gojira, japanese, monster, kaiju, media, franchise, consisting, films, television, series, novels, comic, books, video, games, other, merchandise, franchise, centered, fictional, kaiju, godzilla, prehistor. Godzilla Japanese ゴジラ Hepburn Gojira is a Japanese monster or kaiju media franchise consisting of films television series novels comic books video games and other merchandise The franchise is centered on the fictional kaiju Godzilla a prehistoric reptilian monster awakened and powered by nuclear radiation The franchise is recognized by the Guinness World Records as the longest continuously running film franchise having been in ongoing production since 1954 with several hiatuses of varying lengths 8 The film franchise consists of 38 films 33 Japanese films produced and distributed by Toho Co Ltd and five American films the first of which was produced by TriStar Pictures and the remaining four by Legendary Pictures with the latest being released in March 2024 GodzillaCurrent official English brand logo 1 Created byTomoyuki Tanaka 2 Eiji Tsuburaya 3 Ishirō Honda 4 Original workGodzilla 1954 5 OwnerToho Co Ltd 6 Years1954 presentPrint publicationsBook s Cerasini novels Ciencin novels MonsterVerse booksComicsFull listFilms and televisionFilm s Toho 33 films 1954 current TriStar Pictures a 1 film 1998 Legendary Pictures 4 films 2014 current Television seriesFull listGamesVideo game s Full listAudioSoundtrack s Godzilla Final Wars 2004 Godzilla 2014 Godzilla King of the Monsters 2019 Godzilla vs Kong 2021 Godzilla Minus One 2023 MiscellaneousAmerican seriesMonsterVerseOfficial websiteOfficial websiteThe original film Godzilla was directed by and co written by Ishirō Honda and released by Toho in 1954 9 It became an influential classic of the genre It featured political and social undertones relevant to Japan at the time The 1954 film and its special effects director Eiji Tsuburaya are largely credited for establishing the template for tokusatsu a technique of practical special effects filmmaking that would become essential in Japan s film industry since the release of Godzilla 1954 10 For its North American release the film was localized in 1956 as Godzilla King of the Monsters It featured new footage with Raymond Burr edited together with the original Japanese footage The popularity of the films has led to the franchise expanding to other media such as television music literature and video games Godzilla has become one of the most recognizable symbols in Japanese pop culture worldwide and remains a well known facet of Japanese cinema and was one of the first examples of the popular kaiju and tokusatsu subgenres in Japanese entertainment The tone and themes vary per film Several of the films have political themes others have dark tones complex internal mythology or are simple action films featuring aliens or other monsters while others have simpler themes accessible to children 11 Godzilla s role varies from purely a destructive force to an ally of humans or a protector of Japanese values or a hero to children The name Godzilla is a romanization of the original Japanese name Gojira ゴジラ which is a combination of two Japanese words gorira ゴリラ gorilla and kujira クジラ whale The word alludes to the size power and aquatic origin of Godzilla As developed by Toho the monster is an offshoot of the combination of radioactivity and ancient dinosaur like creatures indestructible and possessing special powers see Godzilla characteristics Contents 1 History 1 1 Shōwa era 1954 1975 1 2 Heisei era 1984 1995 1 3 Millennium era 1999 2004 1 4 Reiwa era 2016 present 1 5 American films 1 5 1 The Volcano Monsters 1957 1 5 2 Unproduced 3D film 1983 1 5 3 TriStar Pictures 1998 2000 1 5 4 Legendary Pictures 2014 present 2 Filmography 2 1 Toho films 2 2 American films 2 3 Guest appearances 2 4 Localized releases 3 Reception 3 1 Critical response 3 1 1 Toho productions 3 1 2 American productions 4 Other media 4 1 Television 4 1 1 Japan 4 1 2 United States 4 2 Video games 4 3 Literature 4 4 Music 4 5 Geographic features 5 Cultural impact 5 1 Awards 5 1 1 Won 5 1 2 Nominations 5 2 Name usage 6 See also 7 Notes 8 References 8 1 Citations 8 2 Sources 9 External linksHistory editThe Godzilla film series is broken into several different eras reflecting a characteristic style and corresponding to the same eras used to classify all kaiju eiga monster movies in Japan The first second and fourth eras refer to the Japanese emperor during production the Shōwa era the Heisei era and the Reiwa era The third is called the Millennium era as the emperor Heisei is the same but these films are considered to have a different style and storyline than the Heisei era Over the series history the films have reflected the social and political climate in Japan 12 In the original film Godzilla was an allegory for the effects of the atomic bomb and the consequences that such weapons might have on Earth 13 14 15 16 The radioactive contamination of the Japanese fishing boat Lucky Dragon No 5 through the United States Castle Bravo thermonuclear device test on Bikini Atoll on March 1 1954 led to much press coverage in Japan preceding the release of the first film in 1954 17 The Heisei and Millennium series have largely continued this concept Toho was inspired to make the original Godzilla film after the commercial success of the 1952 re release of King Kong and the success of The Beast from 20 000 Fathoms 1953 the first live action film to feature a giant monster awakened following an atomic bomb detonation 18 The success of the Godzilla franchise itself would go on to inspire other giant monster films worldwide Shōwa era 1954 1975 edit nbsp nbsp The first Shōwa Godzilla left featured in Godzilla 1954 and the second Shōwa Godzilla right featured in Godzilla vs Megalon 1973 The initial series of films are named after the Shōwa era as all of these films were produced during Emperor Shōwa s reign 19 20 This Shōwa timeline spanned from 1954 with Godzilla to 1975 with Terror of Mechagodzilla Starting with Ghidorah the Three Headed Monster Godzilla began evolving into a friendlier more playful antihero this transition was complete by Son of Godzilla where Godzilla is depicted as a more virtuous character and as years went by it evolved into an anthropomorphic superhero Ghidorah the Three Headed Monster was also significant for introducing Godzilla s archenemy and the main antagonist of the film series King Ghidorah Son of Godzilla and All Monsters Attack were aimed at youthful audiences featuring the appearance of Godzilla s son Minilla Godzilla vs Mechagodzilla was notable for introducing Godzilla s robot duplicate and the secondary antagonist of the film series Mechagodzilla The Shōwa period loosely tied in to a number of Toho produced films in which Godzilla himself did not appear and consequently saw the addition of many monsters into the Godzilla continuity three of which Rodan Varan and Mothra originated in their own solo films and another five Anguirus Manda Baragon Gorosaurus and Kumonga appeared in their first films as either secondary antagonists or secondary kaiju Haruo Nakajima mainly portrayed Godzilla since 1954 until his retirement in 1972 However other stunt actors have portrayed the character in his absence such as Katsumi Tezuka Yu Sekida Ryosaku Takasugi Seiji Onaka Shinji Takagi Isao Zushi and Toru Kawai 21 22 Eiji Tsuburaya directed the special effects for the first six films of the series His protege Sadamasa Arikawa took over the effects work for the next three films with Tsuburaya supervising while Teruyoshi Nakano directed the special effects for the last six films of the series Heisei era 1984 1995 edit nbsp The Heisei Godzilla featured in Godzilla vs Mothra 1992 Toho rebooted the series in 1984 with The Return of Godzilla starting the second era of Godzilla films known as the Heisei series 23 The Return of Godzilla serves as a direct sequel to the original 1954 film and ignores the subsequent events of the Shōwa era The Return of Godzilla was released in 1984 five years before the new Emperor but is considered part of this era as it is a direct predecessor to Godzilla vs Biollante 1989 which came out in the first year of the new Emperor s reign 24 The Heisei films are set in a single timeline with each film providing continuity to the other films and brings Godzilla back as a destructive force of nature that is feared by humans 23 The biological nature and science behind Godzilla became a much more discussed issue in the films showing the increased focus on the moral aspects of genetics Godzilla vs King Ghidorah gave Godzilla s first concrete birth story featuring a dinosaur named Godzillasaurus that was mutated by nuclear radiation into Godzilla Godzilla was portrayed by Kenpachiro Satsuma for the Heisei films while the special effects were directed by Koichi Kawakita with the exception of The Return of Godzilla for which the effects were directed by Teruyoshi Nakano Millennium era 1999 2004 edit nbsp The Millennium iterations of Godzilla Toho rebooted the franchise for a second time with the 1999 film Godzilla 2000 Millennium starting the third era of Godzilla films known as the Millennium series 25 26 The Millennium series is treated similarly to an anthology series where each film is a standalone story with the 1954 film serving as the only previous point of reference Godzilla Against Mechagodzilla and Godzilla Tokyo S O S are the only films in the Millennium era to share continuity with each other and are also connected to 1961 s Mothra After the release of 2004 s Godzilla Final Wars marking the 50th anniversary of the Godzilla film franchise Toho decided to put the series on hiatus for another 10 years Toho also demolished the water stage on its lot used in numerous Godzilla kaiju and tokusatsu films 27 Yoshimitsu Banno who had directed 1971 s Godzilla vs Hedorah secured the rights from Toho to make an IMAX 3D short film production based on a story similar to his Hedorah film This project eventually led to the development of Legendary s Godzilla Tsutomu Kitagawa portrayed Godzilla for the majority of the Millennium films with the exception of Godzilla Mothra and King Ghidorah Giant Monsters All Out Attack in which Godzilla was portrayed by Mizuho Yoshida Unlike the Shōwa and later Heisei films the special effects for the Millennium films were directed by multiple effects directors such as Kenji Suzuki Godzilla 2000 Godzilla vs Megaguirus Makoto Kamiya Godzilla Mothra and King Ghidorah Giant Monsters All Out Attack Yuichi Kikuchi Godzilla Against Mechagodzilla and Eiichi Asada Godzilla Tokyo S O S Godzilla Final Wars Reiwa era 2016 present edit nbsp The Reiwa iterations of Godzilla In December 2014 Toho announced plans for a new Godzilla film of its own for a 2016 release 28 The film is Toho s reboot of the Godzilla franchise after Legendary Pictures reboot in 2014 the film is co directed by Hideaki Anno and Shinji Higuchi both of whom collaborated on the anime Neon Genesis Evangelion with the screenplay by Anno and the visual effects directed by Higuchi 29 30 31 Principal photography began in September and ended in October with the special effects work following in November that year 32 33 Shin Godzilla was released in Japan on July 29 2016 in IMAX 4DX and MX4D to positive reviews and was a box office success 34 In August 2016 Toho announced plans for a trilogy of anime Godzilla films with Polygon Pictures animating the films and Netflix distributing the trilogy worldwide except in Japan where each film will be given a theatrical release by Toho 35 36 The first film titled Godzilla Planet of the Monsters was released on November 17 2017 37 The second film titled Godzilla City on the Edge of Battle was released on May 18 2018 38 The third and final film in the trilogy titled Godzilla The Planet Eater was released on November 9 2018 39 In January 2018 Toho announced its plans to invest 15 billion US 135 million for the next three years beginning in 2019 to co produce content with Hollywood and Chinese studios who have licensed Toho s properties such as Godzilla Your Name and Pokemon Toho would invest 25 in production costs and would earn a higher share in revenue and manage creators rights so its creative input would be reflected in each work 40 In May 2018 Toho s Chief Godzilla Officer Keiji Ota revealed that a sequel to Shin Godzilla would not happen but expressed interest in a potential shared cinematic series between Godzilla and other Toho monsters akin to the Marvel Cinematic Universe 41 In 2019 Toho invested 15 4 billion US 140 million into its Los Angeles based subsidiary Toho International Inc as part of its Toho Vision 2021 Medium term Management Strategy a strategy to increase content platform real estate surpass 50 billion in profits and increase character businesses on Toho intellectual properties such as Godzilla Hiroyasu Matsuoka was named the representative director of the project 42 In 2019 Toho launched the first official English website and the first official English Twitter and Instagram for the franchise 43 44 In June 2019 Toho revealed plans to present the Toho Godzilla at the San Diego Comic Con for the first time to commemorate the franchise s 65th anniversary as well as being part of its plan to expand the franchise in the United States 45 At the San Diego Comic Con Akito Takahashi the project manager of Toho s Godzilla Strategic Conference revealed Toho s intentions to have the Toho and Legendary Godzilla films expand together He also revealed that the option to reintroduce political themes and old or new monsters would be available to filmmakers should they choose to pursue it Akito also expressed interest in re introducing Mechagodzilla and Jet Jaguar in the future 46 47 In October 2020 Toho announced plans for an anime series titled Godzilla Singular Point released on Netflix in 2021 revealing artwork for Godzilla and its principal characters The project was directed by Atsushi Takahashi with music by Kan Sawada written by Toh Enjoe character designs by Kazue Kato and animations by Eiji Yamamori The series was produced by Bones Inc in partnership with Orange Co Ltd featured hand drawn and CG animation and had no relation to Polygon s anime film trilogy 48 On November 3 2022 during the franchise s 68th anniversary known as Godzilla Day Toho announced plans to release a new live action Godzilla film Godzilla Minus One on November 3 2023 to commemorate the franchise s 70th anniversary Toho also stated that Takashi Yamazaki was the director writer and visual effects supervisor for this new film and that it had entered post production after recently completed filming 49 According to Collider Minus One became the most commercially successful Japanese film in the series and helped the Godzilla series become more popular than ever before 50 In 2024 Minus One won the Academy Award for Best Visual Effects becoming the first Godzilla film to win an Academy Award as well as the first Japanese film to win Best Visual Effects 51 American films edit The Volcano Monsters 1957 edit Main article Godzilla Raids Again American version The producers of Godzilla King of the Monsters Harry Rybnick Richard Kay Edward Barison Paul Schreibman and Edmund Goldman purchased the North American rights to the 1955 sequel Godzilla Raids Again but rather than localize or dub the film in English they chose to produce a new film that would repurpose the effects footage from Godzilla Raids Again filming was expected to begin in June 1957 Rybnick hired Ib Melchior and Edwin Watson to write a script titled The Volcano Monsters that focused on a new story with American characters centered around the effects footage Toho approved of the idea in early 1957 and shipped the Godzilla and Anguirus suits for additional photography to be shot at Howard A Anderson s special effects studio Rybnick and Barison originally made a deal with AB PT Pictures Corp to co finance the film but plans for The Volcano Monsters were cancelled after AB PT Pictures folded Schreibman Goldman and new financier Newton P Jacobs decided to dub Godzilla Raids Again into English instead 52 53 Unproduced 3D film 1983 edit nbsp Storyboard by William Stout for Steve Miner s unproduced 3D Godzilla film Stout chose to reinvent his Godzilla design as an amalgam between a Tyrannosaurus and Toho s original design 54 Main article Godzilla King of the Monsters in 3D In 1983 director Steve Miner pitched his idea for an American 3D production of Godzilla to Toho with storyboards by William Stout and a script written by Fred Dekker titled Godzilla King of the Monsters in 3D which would have featured Godzilla rampaging through San Francisco in an attempt to find its offspring 55 Various studios and producers expressed interest but passed it over due to high budget concerns 56 The film would have featured a full scale animatronic Godzilla head built by Rick Baker stop motion animation executed by David W Allen an articulated stop motion Godzilla figure created by Stephen Czerkas and additional storyboards by Doug Wildey 57 58 The production design would have been overseen by William Stout 59 TriStar Pictures 1998 2000 edit Main articles Godzilla 1998 film and Godzilla The Series nbsp nbsp TriStar s Godzilla left and Legendary s Godzilla right The 1998 film s depiction of Godzilla received wide criticism from fans critics and journalists for its drastic departure from its source material b In comparison the 2014 film and its depiction of Godzilla received a more positive response with praise to its respect to the source material and being more favorably compared against the 1998 film c In October 1992 TriStar Pictures acquired the rights from Toho with plans to produce a trilogy 67 Director Jan de Bont and writers Terry Rossio and Ted Eliott developed a script that had Godzilla battling a shape shifting alien called the Gryphon De Bont later left the project after budget disagreements with the studio 68 Roland Emmerich was hired to direct and co write a new script with producer Dean Devlin A co production between Centropolis Entertainment Fried Films Independent Pictures and TriStar Pictures 7 Godzilla was theatrically released on May 20 1998 to negative reviews 69 70 and grossed 379 million worldwide against a production budget between 130 150 million 71 72 Despite grossing nearly three times its budget 73 it was considered a box office disappointment 74 75 Two planned sequels were cancelled and an animated TV series was produced instead 76 TriStar let the license expire in 2003 In 2004 Toho began trademarking new iterations of TriStar s Godzilla as Zilla with only the incarnations from the 1998 film and animated TV series retaining the Godzilla copyright trademark 70 77 Legendary Pictures 2014 present edit Main article MonsterVerse In 2004 director Yoshimitsu Banno acquired permission from Toho to produce a short IMAX Godzilla film In 2009 the project was turned over to Legendary Pictures to be redeveloped as a feature film 78 Announced in March 2010 the film was co produced with Warner Bros Pictures and was directed by Gareth Edwards 79 80 Godzilla was theatrically released on May 16 2014 to positive reviews 81 82 and was a box office success grossing 529 million worldwide against a production budget of 160 million 83 The film s success prompted Toho to produce a reboot of their own and Legendary to proceed with sequels and a shared cinematic franchise dubbed the MonsterVerse 84 with Godzilla King of the Monsters released on May 31 2019 85 Godzilla vs Kong released on March 24 2021 86 87 the TV series Monarch Legacy of Monsters released on November 17 2023 on Apple TV and Godzilla x Kong The New Empire released on March 29 2024 88 Filmography editToho films edit Title Year Director s Effects director s Monster co star s Shōwa era 1954 1975 1 Godzilla 1954 Ishirō Honda Eiji Tsuburaya 2 Godzilla Raids Again 1955 Motoyoshi Oda Anguirus3 King Kong vs Godzilla 1962 Ishirō Honda King Kong the Oodako d 4 Mothra vs Godzilla 1964 Mothra5 Ghidorah the Three Headed Monster King Ghidorah Rodan Mothra6 Invasion of Astro Monster 1965 King Ghidorah Rodan7 Ebirah Horror of the Deep 1966 Jun Fukuda Sadamasa Arikawa ja Ebirah Mothra the Ookondoru e 8 Son of Godzilla 1967 Minilla Kumonga Kamacuras9 Destroy All Monsters 1968 Ishirō Honda King Ghidorah Rodan Mothra Anguirus Minilla Kumonga Manda Gorosaurus Baragon Varan10 All Monsters Attack 1969 Ishirō HondaTeruyoshi Nakano Gabara Minilla11 Godzilla vs Hedorah 1971 Yoshimitsu Banno Teruyoshi Nakano Hedorah12 Godzilla vs Gigan 1972 Jun Fukuda Gigan King Ghidorah Anguirus f 13 Godzilla vs Megalon 1973 Megalon Jet Jaguar Gigan Anguirus14 Godzilla vs Mechagodzilla 1974 Mechagodzilla King Caesar Anguirus15 Terror of Mechagodzilla 1975 Ishirō Honda Mechagodzilla 2 TitanosaurusHeisei era 1984 1995 16 The Return of Godzilla 1984 Kōji Hashimoto Teruyoshi Nakano Shockirus g Giant Sea Lice 93 17 Godzilla vs Biollante 1989 Kazuki Ōmori Kōichi Kawakita Biollante18 Godzilla vs King Ghidorah 1991 King Ghidorah Mecha King Ghidorah the Dorats Godzillasaurus19 Godzilla vs Mothra 1992 Takao Ōkawara Mothra Battra20 Godzilla vs Mechagodzilla II 1993 Mechagodzilla Super Mechagodzilla Rodan Fire Rodan Baby Godzilla21 Godzilla vs SpaceGodzilla 1994 Kenshō Yamashita ja SpaceGodzilla Moguera Fairy Mothra Little Godzilla22 Godzilla vs Destoroyah 1995 Takao Ōkawara Destoroyah Godzilla JuniorMillennium era 1999 2004 23 Godzilla 2000 Millennium 1999 Takao Ōkawara Kenji Suzuki Orga the Millennian24 Godzilla vs Megaguirus 2000 Masaaki Tezuka ja Megaguirus the Meganulons the Meganulas25 Godzilla Mothra and King Ghidorah Giant Monsters All Out Attack 2001 Shusuke Kaneko Makoto Kamiya ja King Ghidorah Mothra Baragon26 Godzilla Against Mechagodzilla 2002 Masaaki Tezuka Yuichi Kikuchi ja Mechagodzilla h 27 Godzilla Tokyo S O S 2003 Eiichi Asada ja Mechagodzilla h Mothra Kamoebas28 Godzilla Final Wars 2004 Ryuhei Kitamura Monster X Keizer Ghidorah Zilla Rodan Mothra Gigan King Caesar Anguirus Minilla Kumonga Kamacuras Manda Hedorah EbirahReiwa era 2016 present i 29 Shin Godzilla 2016 Hideaki AnnoShinji Higuchi Shinji HiguchiKatsuro Onoue 30 Godzilla Planet of the Monsters 2017 Kōbun ShizunoHiroyuki Seshita ja Servum Dogora Dagahra Orga Kamacuras Anguirus Rodan Mechagodzilla31 Godzilla City on the Edge of Battle 2018 Mechagodzilla City Servum Vulture32 Godzilla The Planet Eater King Ghidorah Mothra Servum33 Godzilla Minus One 2023 Takashi Yamazaki Takashi YamazakiKiyoko Shibuya j American films edit Title Year Director s Effects supervisor Monster co star s TriStar Pictures 1998 1 Godzilla 1998 Roland Emmerich Volker Engel Baby GodzillasLegendary Pictures MonsterVerse 2014 present 2 Godzilla 2014 Gareth Edwards Jim Rygiel MUTOs male and female 3 Godzilla King of the Monsters 2019 Michael Dougherty Guillaume Rocheron King Ghidorah Mothra Rodan Queen MUTO Behemoth Methuselah Scylla 99 4 Godzilla vs Kong 2021 Adam Wingard John DJ DesJardin Kong Mechagodzilla 100 Skullcrawler Warbat 101 Hell Hawk 102 Titanus Doug5 Godzilla x Kong The New Empire 2024 Alessandro Ongaro 103 Kong Skar King Shimo Suko Mothra Titanus Doug Wart Dog Scylla TiamatGuest appearances edit In 2007 a CGI Godzilla appeared in the Toho slice of life film Always Sunset on Third Street 2 104 In an imaginary sequence Godzilla destroys part of 1959 Tokyo with one of the main protagonists getting angry that Godzilla damaged his car showroom The making of the sequence was kept a secret Godzilla has been referenced in and has briefly appeared in several other films 105 106 Godzilla guest starred in the show Crayon Shin chan as an antagonist 107 Godzilla also appears in cave paintings alongside Rodan Mothra and King Ghidorah in a post credits scene in Kong Skull Island In 2019 Godzilla made an appearance in the anime film Shinkansen Henkei Robo Shinkalion the Movie Mirai Kara Kita Shinsoku no ALFA X 108 Localized releases edit In 1956 Jewell Enterprises Inc released Godzilla King of the Monsters an American localization of Godzilla 1954 This version removed most of the political themes and social commentaries resulting in 30 minutes of footage from the Japanese version replaced with new footage featuring Raymond Burr interacting with Japanese actors and look alikes to make it seem like Burr was a part of the original Japanese production In addition the soundtrack and sound effects were slightly altered and some dialogue was dubbed into English 109 This release is referred to as an Americanization or the Americanized version by some sources 110 111 112 Similar localizations or Americanizations occurred for the U S releases of King Kong vs Godzilla 113 and The Return of Godzilla released in the U S as Godzilla 1985 114 the latter which had Burr reprising the role of Steve Martin from Godzilla King of the Monsters 115 In 1957 the same American producers of Godzilla King of the Monsters attempted to produce The Volcano Monsters a new film that would have repurposed the effects footage of Godzilla Raids Again around a new story with American characters However funding from AB PT Pictures collapsed after the company closed down and Godzilla Raids Again was instead re cut dubbed in English and released in 1959 by Warner Bros as Gigantis the Fire Monster 116 In 1976 Italian director Luigi Cozzi intended to re release Godzilla in Italy known by fans as Cozilla Facing resistance from exhibitors to showing a black and white film Cozzi instead licensed a negative of Godzilla King of the Monsters from Toho and created a new film in color adding much stock footage of graphic death and destruction and short scenes from newsreel footage from World War II which he released as Godzilla in 1977 The film was colorized using a process called Spectrorama 70 where color gels are put on the original black and white film becoming one of the first black and white films to be colorized Dialogue was dubbed into Italian and new music was added After the initial Italian run the negative became Toho s property and prints have only been exhibited in Italy from that time onward Italian firm Yamato Video at one time intended to release the colorized version on a two disc DVD along with the original Godzilla 117 118 Year Title Notes Director s 1956 Godzilla King of the Monsters Re edited U S version of Godzilla 1954 with additional footage Ishirō HondaTerry O Morse1963 King Kong vs Godzilla Re edited U S version of the 1962 film with additional footage Ishirō Honda Thomas Montgomery1977 Godzilla Re edited Italian version of Godzilla King of the Monsters 1956 Ishirō HondaLuigi Cozzi1985 Godzilla 1985 Re edited U S version of The Return of Godzilla 1984 with additional footage Koji HashimotoR J KizerReception editCritical response edit Toho productions edit Title Rotten Tomatoes MetacriticGodzilla 1954 93 75 reviews 119 78 20 reviews 120 Godzilla King of the Monsters 1956 83 24 reviews 121 60 7 reviews 122 Godzilla Raids Again 64 11 reviews 123 King Kong vs Godzilla 52 21 reviews 124 Mothra vs Godzilla 92 13 reviews 125 Ghidorah the Three Headed Monster 77 13 reviews 126 Invasion of Astro Monster 50 8 reviews 127 Ebirah Horror of the Deep 57 7 reviews 128 Son of Godzilla 60 15 reviews 129 Destroy All Monsters 75 8 reviews 130 All Monsters Attack 29 7 reviews 131 Godzilla vs Hedorah 62 13 reviews 132 Godzilla vs Gigan 67 6 reviews 133 Godzilla vs Megalon 38 8 reviews 134 Godzilla vs Mechagodzilla 86 7 reviews 135 Terror of Mechagodzilla 43 7 reviews 136 The Return of Godzilla Godzilla 1985 27 11 reviews 137 Godzilla vs Biollante 71 7 reviews 138 Godzilla vs King Ghidorah 56 9 reviews 139 Godzilla vs Mothra 78 9 reviews 140 Godzilla vs Mechagodzilla II 83 6 reviews 141 Godzilla vs SpaceGodzilla 57 7 reviews 142 Godzilla vs Destoroyah 100 6 reviews 143 Godzilla 2000 Millennium 57 69 reviews 144 41 23 reviews 145 Godzilla vs Megaguirus 60 5 reviews 146 Godzilla Mothra and King Ghidorah Giant Monsters All Out Attack 65 17 reviews 147 Godzilla Against Mechagodzilla 75 4 reviews 148 Godzilla Tokyo S O S 80 5 reviews 149 Godzilla Final Wars 50 12 reviews 150 Shin Godzilla 86 73 reviews 151 68 14 reviews 152 Godzilla Planet of the Monsters 71 7 reviews 153 Godzilla City on the Edge of Battle 60 5 reviews 154 Godzilla The Planet Eater 60 5 reviews 155 Godzilla Singular Point 56 9 reviews 156 Godzilla Minus One 98 176 reviews 157 81 35 reviews 158 American productions edit Title Rotten Tomatoes MetacriticGodzilla 1998 20 150 reviews 159 32 23 reviews 160 Godzilla 2014 76 330 reviews 161 62 48 reviews 162 Godzilla King of the Monsters 2019 42 354 reviews 163 48 46 reviews 164 Godzilla vs Kong 76 392 reviews 165 59 57 reviews 166 Monarch Legacy of Monsters 89 84 reviews 167 68 26 reviews 168 Godzilla x Kong The New Empire 54 210 reviews 169 47 51 reviews 170 Other media editTelevision edit Japan edit In 1973 Godzilla was featured in Toho s tokusatsu series Zone Fighter which also featured King Ghidorah and Gigan in a few episodes Several filmmakers who had worked on previous Godzilla films participated in the series Tomoyuki Tanaka produced the series directors Ishirō Honda and Jun Fukuda directed a few episodes Fukuda also wrote episode four effects director Teruyoshi Nakano contributed to the special effects while Kōichi Kawakita who would direct the effects for Toho s Heisei era films served as assistant effects director 171 In 1992 Toho produced a children s educational animated series titled Godzilland which featured live action segments mixed with chibi styled animation 172 In 1997 Toho produced a children s series titled Godzilla Island centered on Godzilla toys Toho made the series available worldwide on their official YouTube channel in November 2022 173 In October 2020 Toho announced Godzilla Singular Point an anime series directed by Atsushi Takahashi written by Toh EnJoe and animated by Japanese studios Bones and Orange 174 Godzilla Singular Point aired on Japanese television in April 2021 and released worldwide on Netflix in June 2021 175 Chibi Godzilla Raids Again a short anime series produced by Toho and Pie in the sky aired in 2023 176 United States edit Godzilla and its likeness has appeared in various television related media including Robot Chicken Roseanne Animaniacs South Park Malcolm In The Middle Chappelle s Show Rugrats a Nike commercial with Charles Barkley battling Godzilla and multiple appearances on The Simpsons including a Halloween spoof titled Homerzilla 177 178 In 1978 Hanna Barbera produced the animated series Godzilla and ran for two seasons on NBC 179 In 2022 Toho made the complete Hanna Barbera series available worldwide on their official YouTube channel 180 In 1991 the English dubbed versions of Ebirah Horror of the Deep as Godzilla vs the Sea Monster and Godzilla vs Megalon were riffed on Mystery Science Theater 3000 181 In 1998 Columbia TriStar Television produced Godzilla The Series developed by Jeff Kline and Richard Raynis the series served as a sequel to the 1998 film Godzilla and ran for two seasons on Fox Kids 182 In January 2022 Legendary Television announced that Apple TV had ordered a live action series set in the MonsterVerse titled Monarch Legacy of Monsters 183 Year Title Notes1973 Zone Fighter The series features Godzilla in seven episodes 171 1978 1979 Godzilla In 2006 Classic Media released the first eight episodes on two volume DVD s as Godzilla The Original Animated Series 184 In 2022 Toho International Inc released the complete series on their official YouTube channel 180 1992 Godzilland1993 Godzilland 21994 1996 Get Going Godzilland1997 1998 Godzilla Island1998 2000 Godzilla The Series2021 Godzilla Singular Point2023 Monarch Legacy of MonstersVideo games edit Main article List of Godzilla games A game called Gojira kun which was originally going to be titled Gojiraland 185 was released for the MSX in 1985 In 1990 Gojira kun Kaiju Daikōshin was released for the Game Boy In 1993 Super Godzilla was released for the SNES 186 In 2004 Godzilla Save the Earth was released by Atari In 2007 Godzilla Unleashed was released for the Wii and DS The 2014 video game Godzilla was released by Bandai Namco 187 In May 2022 Call of Duty Warzone featured a cross over event for Godzilla vs Kong 188 Godzila would be confirmed to play in the Kaiju fighting game GigaBash as a guest character 189 Literature edit Main article Godzilla comics A Godzilla series of books was published by Random House during the late 1990s and the first half of 2000 The company created different series for different age groups the Scott Ciencin series being aimed at preteens and the Marc Cerasini series being aimed at teens and young adults Several manga have been derived from specific Godzilla films and both Marvel and Dark Horse have published Godzilla comic book series 1977 1979 and 1987 1999 respectively In 2011 IDW Publishing started a new series Godzilla Kingdom of Monsters published in book form under the same title rebooting the Godzilla story It was followed by two sequel series Godzilla published in book form as Godzilla History s Greatest Monster and Godzilla Rulers of Earth published in book form as Godzilla Complete Rulers of Earth Volume 1 and Godzilla Complete Rulers of Earth Volume 2 as well as seven five issue miniseries to date To tie in with the 2014 film three books were published Titan Books published a novelization of the film in May 2014 written by Greg Cox The graphic novel Godzilla Awakening by Max Borenstein Greg Borenstein and Eric Battle served as a prequel and Godzilla The Art of Destruction by Mark Cotta told about the making of the film Godzilla has been referenced in The Simpsons comics on three separate occasions The character is featured in Bart Simpson s Guide to Life where it and other kaiju characters such as Minilla and King Ghidorah can be seen it is featured in the comic An Anime Among Us and K Bart Godzilla is also featured in the comic Bart Simpson s Treehouse of Horror 7 where it and other kaiju can be seen referenced on the front cover Music edit Godzilla The Album the soundtrack album of Godzilla 1998 sold 2 5 million copies worldwide 190 The album s lead single Come with Me by Puff Daddy featuring Jimmy Page sold a certified 2 025 million copies worldwide 191 Its Japan exclusive single Lose Control by Japanese rock band L Arc en Ciel sold 938 401 copies in Japan citation needed Shin Godzilla Ongakushuu the soundtrack album of Shin Godzilla 2016 sold 43 951 copies in Japan citation needed Mars 1991 an album by the Japanese rock duo B z featuring a Godzilla themed song sold 1 730 500 copies in Japan 192 Blue Oyster Cult released the song Godzilla in 1977 It was the first track and the second of four singles from their fifth studio album Spectres also 1977 Artists such as Fu Manchu Racer X and Double Experience have included cover versions of this song on their albums American musician Michale Graves wrote a song titled Godzilla for his 2005 album Punk Rock Is Dead The lyrics mention Godzilla and several on screen adversaries such as Mothra Hedorah Destoroyah and Gigan 193 The Brazilian heavy metal band Sepultura has a song titled Biotech is Godzilla on its 1993 release Chaos A D 194 Composer Eric Whitacre wrote a piece for wind ensemble titled Godzilla Eats Las Vegas The work was commissioned by Thomas Leslie of the University of Nevada Las Vegas and was premiered in 1996 by the university s wind band Annotations on the score instruct performers to dress in costume and a script is provided for the audience Since the piece s premiere it has been performed by notable ensembles including the United States Marine Band and the Scottish National Wind Symphony 195 The French death metal band Gojira named the band after Godzilla s name in Japanese 196 The song Simon Says by Pharoahe Monch is a hip hop remix of the Godzilla March theme song The instrumental version of this song was notably used in the 2000 film Charlie s Angels The British band Lostprophets released a song called We Are Godzilla You Are Japan on its second studio album Start Something The American punk band Groovie Ghoulies released a song called Hats off to You Godzilla as a tribute to Godzilla It is featured on the EP Freaks on Parade released in 2002 The American artist Doctor Steel released a song called Atomic Superstar about Godzilla on his album People of Earth in 2002 In 2003 the British singer Siouxsie Sioux released the album Hai with her band The Creatures the album had a Japanese theme with a song dedicated to the monster simply titled Godzilla The record label Shifty issued the compilation album Destroysall with 15 songs from 15 bands ranging from hardcore punk to doom laden death metal Not all of the songs are dedicated to Godzilla but all do appear connected to monsters from Toho Studios Fittingly the disc was released on August 1 2003 the 35th anniversary of the Japanese release of Destroy All Monsters King Geedorah a k a MF DOOM released Take Me to Your Leader a hip hop album featuring guests from the group Monsta Island Czars another Godzilla themed hip hop group These albums include multiple Godzilla samples throughout the series Taiwanese American electronic musician Mochipet released the EP Godzilla Rehab Center on August 21 2012 featuring songs named after monsters in the series including Gigan King Ghidorah Moguera and Hedorah In 2019 American rock band Think Sanity released their debut album featuring songs based on Godzilla Mothra and Hedorah The songs are titled Sad Kaiju Mothra and Sludge respectively The monsters are also mentioned by name on the track News at Six in which they are comically described by newscaster Chip Bentley as destroying a nearby town The band has mentioned in interviews that they have also written songs based on Biollante King Ghidorah and Rodan as well Geographic features edit The largest megamullion located 600 kilometres to the south east of Okinotorishima the southernmost Japanese island is named the Godzilla Megamullion The Japan Coast Guard played a role in name reaching an agreement with Toho who owns the rights to Godzilla Toho s Chief Godzilla officer Keiji Ota stated that I am truly honored that the megamullion bears Godzilla s name the Earth s most powerful monster 197 Cultural impact editMain article Godzilla in popular culture Godzilla is one of the most recognizable symbols of Japanese popular culture worldwide and is an important facet of Japanese films embodying the kaiju subset of the tokusatsu genre It has been considered an allegory of nuclear weapons The earlier Godzilla films especially the original Godzilla portrayed Godzilla as a frightening nuclear monster Godzilla represented the fears that many Japanese held about the nuclear attacks on Hiroshima and Nagasaki and the possibility of recurrence 198 As the series progressed so did Godzilla changing into a less destructive and more heroic character 199 200 Ghidorah the Three Headed Monster 1964 was the turning point in Godzilla s transformation from villain to hero by pitting him against a greater threat to humanity King Ghidorah 201 Godzilla has since been viewed as an anti hero 199 Roger Ebert cites Godzilla as a notable example of a villain turned hero along with King Kong the James Bond films Jaws the Terminator and Rambo 202 Godzilla is considered the original radioactive superhero due to his accidental radioactive origin story predating Spider Man 1962 debut 199 though Godzilla did not become a hero until Ghidorah in 1964 201 By the 1970s Godzilla came to be viewed as a superhero with the magazine King of the Monsters in 1977 describing Godzilla as Superhero of the 70s 203 In 1973 Godzilla was voted the most popular movie monster in The Monster Times poll beating Count Dracula King Kong Wolf Man The Mummy Creature From the Black Lagoon and Frankenstein s monster 204 In 2010 the Sea Shepherd Conservation Society named their most recently acquired scout vessel MV Gojira Toho the people in charge of the Godzilla franchise served them with a notice to remove the name and in response the boat s name was changed in May 2011 to MV Brigitte Bardot 205 Steven Spielberg cited Godzilla as an inspiration for Jurassic Park 1993 specifically Godzilla King of the Monsters 1956 which he grew up watching 206 During its production Spielberg described Godzilla as the most masterful of all the dinosaur movies because it made you believe it was really happening 207 Godzilla also influenced the Spielberg film Jaws 1975 208 209 Godzilla has also been cited as an inspiration by actor Tim Allen and filmmakers Martin Scorsese and Tim Burton 210 Awards edit This section needs additional citations for verification Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources in this section Unsourced material may be challenged and removed January 2016 Learn how and when to remove this template message This section needs expansion You can help by adding to it December 2023 Won edit 1954 Japan Movie Association Awards Special Effects Godzilla 1954 211 1966 Japan Academy Award Special Effects Invasion of Astro Monster 1986 Japan Academy Award Special Effects and Newcomer of the Year The Return of Godzilla 1986 Razzie Awards Worst Supporting Actor and Worst New Star The Return of Godzilla 1992 Japan Academy Award Special Effects Godzilla vs King Ghidorah 1993 Tokyo Sports Movie Awards Best Leading Actor Godzilla vs Mothra 1993 Best Grossing Films Award Golden Award and Money Making Star Award Godzilla vs Mothra 1993 Japan Academy Award Best Score Godzilla vs Mothra 1994 Japan Academy Award Best Score Godzilla vs Mechagodzilla II 1995 Best Grossing Films Award Silver Award Godzilla vs SpaceGodzilla 1996 Best Grossing Films Award Golden Award Godzilla vs Destoroyah 1996 Japan Academy Award Special Effects Godzilla vs Destoroyah 1996 MTV Movie Awards Lifetime Achievement 1998 Golden Raspberry Awards Worst Supporting Actress and Worst Remake or Sequel Godzilla 1998 1999 Saturn Awards Best Special Effects Godzilla 1998 2001 Saturn Awards Best Home Video Release Godzilla 2000 2002 Best Grossing Films Award Silver Award Godzilla Mothra and King Ghidorah Giant Monsters All Out Attack 2004 Hollywood Walk of Fame 212 213 Godzilla Final Wars 2007 Saturn Awards Best DVD Classic Film Release Godzilla 1954 2014 22nd Annual Japan Cool Content Contribution Award Godzilla 2014 214 2017 40th Japan Academy Prize Best Picture Best Director Cinematography Lighting Direction Art Direction Sound Recording Film Editing Shin Godzilla 215 2017 11th Asian Film Awards Best Visual Effects Shin Godzilla 216 2021 21st Golden Trailer Awards Best Fantasy Adventure TV Spot for a Feature Film Godzilla King of the Monsters 217 2022 47th Saturn Awards Best Special Effects Godzilla vs Kong 218 2024 17th Asian Film Awards Best Sound and Best Visual Effects Godzilla Minus One 219 2024 47th Japan Academy Film Prize Best Picture Best Screenplay Yamazaki Best Supporting Actress Sakura Ando Best Cinematography Best Lighting Direction Best Art Direction Best Sound Recording and Best Film Editing Godzilla Minus One 220 2024 96th Academy Awards Best Visual Effects Godzilla Minus One 51 In 1996 Godzilla received an award for Lifetime Achievement at the MTV Movie Awards Creator and producer Shōgo Tomiyama accepted on his behalf via satellite and was joined by Godzilla himself Nominations edit 2022 20th Visual Effects Society Awards Outstanding Visual Effects in a Photoreal Feature Outstanding Virtual Cinematography in a CG Project Outstanding Effects Simulations in a Photoreal Feature Godzilla vs Kong 221 2024 22nd Visual Effects Society Awards Outstanding Animated Character in a Photoreal Feature for Godzilla Godzilla Minus One 222 2024 22nd Visual Effects Society Awards Outstanding Visual Effects in a Photoreal Episode Monarch Legacy of Monsters Name usage edit Main article zilla zilla is a well known slang suffix used to imply some form of excess to a person object or theme 223 some examples being the reality TV show Bridezillas and the Netscape derived web browser Mozilla Firefox See also editList of films featuring dinosaurs Godzilla King Kong franchise GameraNotes edit Godzilla 1998 was a co production between Centropolis Entertainment Fried Films Independent Pictures and TriStar Pictures 7 Attributed to multiple sources 60 61 62 Attributed to multiple sources 63 64 65 66 Oodako literally means giant octopus in Japanese 89 90 Ookondoru literally means giant condor in Japanese 89 91 The film briefly recycles footage of Rodan Mothra Gorosaurus Minilla Kamacuras and Kumonga from Son of Godzilla and Destroy All Monsters While unnamed in the film the Giant Sea Lice are called ショッキラス Shokkirasu in official Japanese sources and Shockirus has become the accepted Romanization of that name 92 a b Referred to as Kiryu 94 Japan s Reiwa era began on May 1 2019 95 however Toho considers Shin Godzilla and the anime trilogy as part of the Reiwa era 96 Yamazaki is credited by Japanese sources as in charge of VFX while English sources have said he was visual effects supervisor Shibuya is credited in the Japanese theatrical release poster and TV Shinshu television special on Yamazaki as the VFX director VFXディレクター VFX direkuta 97 98 References editCitations edit Official Godzilla website English Wallpapers Toho Co Ltd Retrieved December 31 2022 Ragone 2007 p 34 Doug Bolton July 7 2015 Godzilla creator Eiji Tsuburaya celebrated in Google Doodle The Independent Archived from the original on December 30 2022 Retrieved July 25 2021 Ryfle 1998 p 24 Saperstein Pat May 6 2014 60 Years of Godzilla Highlights From Monster s 29 Film Career Variety Archived from the original on June 21 2019 Retrieved February 26 2018 David Kravets November 24 2008 Think Godzilla s Scary Meet His Lawyers Wired Archived from the original on January 28 2020 Retrieved January 25 2020 a b Leydon Joe May 18 1998 Godzilla Variety Archived from the original on December 31 2022 Retrieved December 31 2022 Jennifer Lawrence Game of Thrones Frozen among new entertainment record holders in Guinness World Records 2015 book Guinness World Records September 3 2014 Archived from the original on December 31 2022 Retrieved February 26 2016 Williams Owen March 3 2021 An Essential Guide To All The Godzilla Movies Empire Archived from the original on August 6 2022 Retrieved August 6 2022 Kelts Roland June 12 2013 Preserving a classic Japanese art form tokusatsu magic The Japan Times Archived from the original on September 22 2020 Retrieved January 27 2018 Kalat 1997 pp 1 5 Kalat 1997 p 240 Ryfle Steve Godzilla s Footprint VQR Online Retrieved September 25 2014 Hoberman J January 24 2012 Godzilla Poetry After the A Bomb Criterion Godzilla 1954 Toho The Return of Godzilla 1984 Toho Kennedy et al 2019 p 8 Hendershot Cyndy July 1998 Darwin and the Atom Evolution Devolution Fantasies in The Beast from 20 000 Fathoms Them and The Incredible Shrinking Man Science Fiction Studies Greencastle Indiana SF TH Inc 320 Solomon 2017 p 29 England 2021 p 77 Takeo Murata writer and Ishirō Honda writer director 2006 Godzilla DVD DreamWorks Classics Al C Ward writer and Ishirō Honda Terry Morse writers directors 2006 Godzilla King of the Monsters DVD DreamWorks Classics a b Solomon 2017 p 145 Lees amp Cerasini 1998 p 12 Baker 2019 p 92 England 2021 p 33 Bucket Hall of Fame The Toho Big Pool Archived from the original on December 29 2010 Retrieved February 16 2011 Blair Gavin December 7 2014 Japan s Toho to Produce New Godzilla for 2016 First in 12 Years The Hollywood Reporter Archived from the original on November 12 2022 Retrieved November 12 2022 Frater Patrick March 31 2015 Hideaki Anno and Shinji Higuchi to Direct Godzilla 2016 Variety Retrieved March 31 2015 Ragone August March 31 2015 EVANGELION CREATOR HELMS NEW GODZILLA Hideaki Anno amp Shinji Higuchi Revive the King The Good The Bad and Godzilla Retrieved March 31 2015 Evangelion s Hideaki Anno Is New Japanese 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