Limonia acidissima is the only species within the monotypicgenusLimonia. Common names for the species in English include wood-apple and elephant-apple.[3] It is sometimes also called monkey fruit.
Limonia acidissima is a large tree growing to 9 metres (30 ft) tall, with rough, spiny bark. The leaves are pinnate, with 5-7 leaflets, each leaflet 25–35 mm long and 10–20 mm broad, with a citrus-scent when crushed. The flowers are white and have five petals. The fruit is a berry 5–9 cm diameter, and may be sweet or sour. It has a very hard rind which can be difficult to crack open, it appears greenish-brown in colour from outside and contains sticky brown pulp and small white seeds. The fruit looks similar in appearance to the Bael fruit (Aegle marmelos). It contains considerable amount of protein, carbohydrate, iron, fat, calcium, Vit-B & C etc. 100 g of ripe fruit pulp contains up to 49 KCal.
Limonia acidissima is native to India (including the Andaman Islands), Bangladesh, and Sri Lanka.[5][6] The species has also been introduced to Indochina and Malesia.[6][5]
Usesedit
The fruit is used to make a fruit juice with astringent properties and jams. Ripe fruit can be used as pickle (mashed with green chili pepper, sugar and salt only).[7]
In some parts of India, mainly Gujarat, the fruit pulp is used to make chutney which is then used as a main condiment in and on top of meals, especially in winter.[citation needed]
In Myanmar, the wood is used to make the distinctive local face cream thanaka.[8]
^ abSmith, Albert C. (1985). Flora Vitiensis nova : a new Flora of Fiji (spermatophytes only). Vol. 3. Lawaii, Hawaii: Pacific Tropical Botanical Garden. pp. 526–527. Retrieved 2018-03-25 – via Biodiversity Heritage Library, digitized by Smithsonian Libraries.
^Jaya Surya Kumari Manthena and K. Mythili (2004). "Development of wood apple pickle". Int. J. Food Safety, Nutrition and Public Health, Vol. 5, No. 1, 2014. Retrieved 2019-06-09.
^Köllner, Helmut; Bruns, Axel (1998). Myanmar (Burma). Hunter Publishing. p. 18. ISBN9783886184156. Retrieved 2021-05-08.
^National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine; Health and Medicine Division; Food and Nutrition Board; Committee to Review the Dietary Reference Intakes for Sodium and Potassium (2019). Oria, Maria; Harrison, Meghan; Stallings, Virginia A. (eds.). Dietary Reference Intakes for Sodium and Potassium. The National Academies Collection: Reports funded by National Institutes of Health. Washington, DC: National Academies Press (US). ISBN978-0-309-48834-1. PMID 30844154.
External linksedit
Media related to Limonia acidissima at Wikimedia Commons
Purdue-hort_edu: The Wood Apple
Pandanus Database - Limonia
January 01, 1970
limonia, acidissima, only, species, within, monotypic, genus, limonia, common, names, species, english, include, wood, apple, elephant, apple, sometimes, also, called, monkey, fruit, trincomalee, lanka, scientific, classification, kingdom, plantae, clade, trac. Limonia acidissima is the only species within the monotypic genus Limonia Common names for the species in English include wood apple and elephant apple 3 It is sometimes also called monkey fruit Limonia acidissima In Trincomalee Sri Lanka Scientific classification Kingdom Plantae Clade Tracheophytes Clade Angiosperms Clade Eudicots Clade Rosids Order Sapindales Family Rutaceae Subfamily Aurantioideae Genus LimoniaL Species L acidissima Binomial name Limonia acidissimaL Synonyms Genus 1 Anisifolium Rumph ex KuntzeFeronia CorreaHesperethusa M Roem Winterlia Dennst Species 2 Schinus limonia L Crateva balangas K D KoenigCrateva vallanga J Koenig ex Wight amp Arn Anisifolium curvispina Miq KuntzeAnisifolium limonia KuntzeAnisifolium spectabile Miq KuntzeFeronia balanghas K D Koenig Steud Feronia elephantum CorreaFeronia limonia L SwingleHesperethusa acidissima L M Roem Hesperethusa ambigua M Roem Limonia ambigua DC Limonia curvispina Miq Limonia dulcis J F Gmel Limonia elephantum Correa PanigrahiLimonia engleriana PerkinsLimonia pinnatifolia Houtt Limonia spectabilis Miq Murraya odorata Blanco Contents 1 Description 2 Taxonomy 3 Distribution 4 Uses 5 Nutrition 6 Gallery 7 References 8 External linksDescription editLimonia acidissima is a large tree growing to 9 metres 30 ft tall with rough spiny bark The leaves are pinnate with 5 7 leaflets each leaflet 25 35 mm long and 10 20 mm broad with a citrus scent when crushed The flowers are white and have five petals The fruit is a berry 5 9 cm diameter and may be sweet or sour It has a very hard rind which can be difficult to crack open it appears greenish brown in colour from outside and contains sticky brown pulp and small white seeds The fruit looks similar in appearance to the Bael fruit Aegle marmelos It contains considerable amount of protein carbohydrate iron fat calcium Vit B amp C etc 100 g of ripe fruit pulp contains up to 49 KCal Taxonomy editA number of other species formerly included in the genus are now treated in the related genera Atalantia Citropsis Citrus Glycosmis Luvunga Murraya Micromelum Naringi Pamburus Pleiospermium Severinia Skimmia Swinglea and Triphasia 4 Distribution editLimonia acidissima is native to India including the Andaman Islands Bangladesh and Sri Lanka 5 6 The species has also been introduced to Indochina and Malesia 6 5 Uses editThe fruit is used to make a fruit juice with astringent properties and jams Ripe fruit can be used as pickle mashed with green chili pepper sugar and salt only 7 In some parts of India mainly Gujarat the fruit pulp is used to make chutney which is then used as a main condiment in and on top of meals especially in winter citation needed In Myanmar the wood is used to make the distinctive local face cream thanaka 8 Nutrition editWoodapple raw Daily Value Nutritional value per 100 g 3 5 oz Energy518 816 kJ 124 000 kcal Carbohydrates18 1 gSugars0 gDietary fiber5 gFat3 7 gProtein7 1 gVitaminsQuantity DV Vitamin A equiv beta Carotene1 61 mgThiamine B1 3 0 04 mgRiboflavin B2 1308 17 mgNiacin B3 50 8 mgVitamin C3 3 mgMineralsQuantity DV Calcium10 130 mgIron33 6 mgMagnesium10 41 mgManganese783 18 mgPhosphorus9 110 mgZinc91 10 mgOther constituentsQuantityWater64 2 gin Fruit Wood Apple values are for edible portion Percentages estimated using US recommendations for adults 9 except for potassium which is estimated based on expert recommendation from the National Academies 10 Source 1Gallery edit nbsp Woodapple fruit nbsp Opened woodapple fruit nbsp A glass of woodapple juiceReferences edit Limonia L Plants of the World Online Royal Botanic Gardens Kew Retrieved 2021 09 14 Limonia acidissima L Plants of the World Online Royal Botanic Gardens Kew Retrieved 2021 09 14 Limonia acidissima Germplasm Resources Information Network Agricultural Research Service United States Department of Agriculture Retrieved 2016 04 03 John H Wiersema 2005 02 22 Species in GRIN for genus Ars grin gov Archived from the original on 2000 11 02 Retrieved 2011 04 19 a b Limonia acidissima L Plants of the World Online Royal Botanic Gardens Kew Retrieved 2018 03 25 a b Smith Albert C 1985 Flora Vitiensis nova a new Flora of Fiji spermatophytes only Vol 3 Lawaii Hawaii Pacific Tropical Botanical Garden pp 526 527 Retrieved 2018 03 25 via Biodiversity Heritage Library digitized by Smithsonian Libraries Jaya Surya Kumari Manthena and K Mythili 2004 Development of wood apple pickle Int J Food Safety Nutrition and Public Health Vol 5 No 1 2014 Retrieved 2019 06 09 Kollner Helmut Bruns Axel 1998 Myanmar Burma Hunter Publishing p 18 ISBN 9783886184156 Retrieved 2021 05 08 United States Food and Drug Administration 2024 Daily Value on the Nutrition and Supplement Facts Labels Retrieved 2024 03 28 National Academies of Sciences Engineering and Medicine Health and Medicine Division Food and Nutrition Board Committee to Review the Dietary Reference Intakes for Sodium and Potassium 2019 Oria Maria Harrison Meghan Stallings Virginia A eds Dietary Reference Intakes for Sodium and Potassium The National Academies Collection Reports funded by National Institutes of Health Washington DC National Academies Press US ISBN 978 0 309 48834 1 PMID 30844154 External links edit nbsp Media related to Limonia acidissima at Wikimedia Commons Purdue hort edu The Wood Apple Pandanus Database Limonia Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Limonia acidissima amp oldid 1209886681, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
