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Harris County, Texas

March 30, 2023

For the county in northeast Texas, see Harrison County, Texas.

Harris County is a county located in the U.S. state of Texas; as of the 2020 census, the population was 4,731,145,[1] making it the most populous county in Texas and the third most populous county in the United States. Its county seat is Houston, the largest city in Texas and fourth largest city in the United States. The county was founded in 1836 and organized in 1837.[2][3] It is named for John Richardson Harris, who founded the town of Harrisburg on Buffalo Bayou in 1826.[2] According to the July 2021 census estimate, Harris County's population has shifted to 4,728,030 comprising over 16% of Texas's population.[4][5] Harris County is included in the nine-county Houston–The Woodlands–Sugar Land metropolitan statistical area, which is the fifth-most populous metropolitan area in the United States.

Harris County
County
Downtown Houston, Harris County Courthouse
Seal
Location within the U.S. state of Texas
Texas's location within the U.S.
Coordinates: 29°52′N 95°23′W / 29.86°N 95.39°W / 29.86; -95.39
Country United States
State Texas
Founded1837
Named forJohn Richardson Harris
SeatHouston
Largest cityHouston
Area
 • Total1,778 sq mi (4,600 km2)
 • Land1,703 sq mi (4,410 km2)
 • Water74 sq mi (190 km2)  4.2%
Population
 (2020)
 • Total4,731,145
 • Estimate 
(2021)
4,728,030
 • Density2,700/sq mi (1,000/km2)
Time zoneUTC−6 (Central)
 • Summer (DST)UTC−5 (CDT)
Congressional districts2nd, 7th, 8th, 9th, 10th, 18th, 22nd, 29th, 36th, 38th
Websitewww.co.harris.tx.us

History

 
Firefighters on San Jacinto Street, circa 1914
 
The Harris County Courthouse in Houston, in 1913

Human remains date habitation to about 4000 BC. Other evidence of humans in the area dates from about 1400 BC, 1 AD, and later in the first millennium. The region became uninhabited from 1 AD to European contact. Little European activity predates 1821. Álvar Núñez Cabeza de Vaca may have visited the area in 1529. French traders recorded passing through in the 18th century. Spaniards attempted to establish a fort in the area around the same time, but did not persist for long.[2]

The first recorded European settlers in Harris County arrived in 1822. Their schooner sailed into Galveston Bay and ran aground on the Red Fish Bar. Some of those passengers traveled further up the bay system, but it is not known whether they settled up Buffalo Bayou or the San Jacinto River. One of these passengers, a Mr. Ryder, settled at what is now known as Morgan's Point, Texas. Also in 1822, John Iiams settled his family at Cedar Point after sailing from Berwick's Bay, Louisiana. Dr. Johnson Hunter arrived just after Iiams. He also wrecked his boat near Galveston. He settled at Morgan's Point and was a grantee of land there. Nathaniel Lynch settled in the area and operated a ferry.[6]

In 1824, the land empresario, Stephen F. Austin convened at the house of William Scott for the purpose of conveying titles for Mexican headrights. He was joined by the land commissioner, Baron von Bastrop, and Austin's secretary, Samuel May Williams. About thirty families gained legal titles to land in what would later be known as Harris County. A few immigrants settled on Buffalo Bayou in these early years, including Moses Callahan, Ezekial Thomas, and the Vince brothers.[6]

Nicolas Clopper arrived in the Galveston Bay area from Ohio in the 1820s. He attempted to develop Buffalo Bayou as a trading conduit for the Brazos River valley. He acquired land at Morgan's Point in 1826.[7] John Richardson Harris (1790–1829), for whom the county was later named, arrived in 1824. Harris had moved his family to Sainte Genevieve, Missouri Territory, where they had been residing until the early 1820s.[8]

Harris was granted a league of land (about 4,428 acres) at Buffalo Bayou. He platted the town of Harrisburg in 1826, while he established a trading post and a grist mill there. He ran boats transporting goods between New Orleans and Harrisburg until his death in the fall of 1829.[9]

The First Congress of the Republic of Texas established Harrisburg County on December 22, 1836. The original county boundaries included Galveston Island, but were redrawn to its current configuration in May 1838.[2]

The area has had a number of severe weather events, such as the following hurricanes and tropical storms:

Geography

According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the county has a total area of 1,777 square miles (4,600 km2), of which 1,703 square miles (4,410 km2) is land and 74 square miles (190 km2) (4.2%) is covered by water.[10] Both its total area and land area are larger than the U.S. state of Rhode Island.

Adjacent counties

Communities

Cities

Multiple counties

Harris County only

Unincorporated areas

Census-designated places

Unincorporated communities

Demographics

Historical population
CensusPop.Note%±
18504,668—
18609,07094.3%
187017,37591.6%
188027,98561.1%
189037,24933.1%
190063,78671.2%
1910115,69381.4%
1920186,66761.3%
1930359,32892.5%
1940528,96147.2%
1950806,70152.5%
19601,243,15854.1%
19701,741,91240.1%
19802,409,54738.3%
19902,818,19917.0%
20003,400,57820.7%
20104,092,45920.3%
20204,731,14515.6%
2021 (est.)4,728,030−0.1%
U.S. Decennial Census[11]
1850–2010[12] 2010–2020[1]
Demographic Profile of Harris County, Texas
(NH = Non-Hispanic)
Race / Ethnicity Pop 2010[13] Pop 2020[14] % 2010 % 2020
White alone (NH) 1,349,646 1,309,593 32.98% 27.68%
Black or African American alone (NH) 754,258 885,517 18.43% 18.72%
Native American or Alaska Native alone (NH) 8,150 8,432 0.20% 0.18%
Asian alone (NH) 249,853 344,762 6.11% 7.29%
Pacific Islander alone (NH) 2,260 3,199 0.06% 0.07%
Some Other Race alone (NH) 7,914 23,262 0.19% 0.49%
Mixed Race/Multi-Racial (NH) 48,838 121,671 1.19% 2.57%
Hispanic or Latino (any race) 1,671,540 2,034,709 40.84% 43.01%
Total 4,092,459 4,731,145 100.00% 100.00%

Note: the U.S. Census Bureau treats Hispanic/Latino as an ethnic category. This table excludes Latinos from the racial categories and assigns them to a separate category. Hispanics/Latinos can be of any race.

According to the 2000 U.S. census,[15] 3,400,578 people, 1,205,516 households, and 834,217 families resided in the county; in 2010, the population increased to 4,092,459; by the 2020 U.S. census, Harris County had a population of 4,731,145.[14] Overall, Harris County's population has recorded positive growth since the 1850 U.S. census tabulated-population of 4,668.

Among the county population, once predominantly non-Hispanic white, the largest racial or ethnic group has become Hispanic or Latino Americans (43.01%) as of 2020.[14] Following, non-Hispanic whites declined to 27.68% of the population; Black or African Americans were 18.72% of the area population, and Asian Americans made up 7.29% of the county; multiracial Americans increased to 2.57%, American Indians and Alaska Natives declined to 0.18%, and Pacific Islanders grew to 0.07% of the population. Having a large and growing Asian American community alongside Hispanics and Latinos and Black and African American,[16] the Houston Area Asian Survey of the Kinder Institute of Urban Research Houston Area Survey stated that between 1990 and 2000, the Asian population in Harris County increased by 76%; between 2000 and 2010, it increased by 45%.[17]

Economically, Harris County along with other Texas counties has one of the nation's highest property tax rates. In 2007, the county was ranked in the top 25 at 22nd in the nation for property taxes as percentage of the homes value on owner-occupied housing; the list only includes counties with a population over 65,000 for comparability.[18] Additionally, Harris County residents had a median household income of $63,022 with a mean income of $93,184. Families had a median income of $73,274 and mean of $105,534; married-couple families $93,961 with a mean of $128,211; and non-family households a median of $43,488 and mean of $62,435.[19]

With a poverty rate of 15.6% as of 2020,[20] Children At Risk—a local nonprofit research organization—estimated 21% of the Harris County children lived in poverty, 6.5 per 1,000 die before age one, and 38% drop out of high school as of 2007.[21]

Language

In 2000, 1,961,993 residents of Harris County spoke English only. The five largest foreign languages in the county were Spanish or Spanish Creole (1,106,883 speakers), Vietnamese (53,311 speakers), Chinese (33,003 speakers), French including Louisiana French and Patois (33,003 speakers), and Urdu (14,595 speakers). Among those who spoke other languages, 46% of Spanish speakers, 37% of Vietnamese speakers, 50% of Chinese speakers, 85% of French speakers, and 72% of Urdu speakers said that they spoke English at least "very well".[22] By 2020, 55.6% of the county aged 5 and older spoke English only, and 44.4% spoke another language instead of English; Spanish remained the second-most spoken language (35%).[23]

Religion

 
Saint Mary Cathedral Basilica, seat of the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Galveston–Houston

In 2010 statistics, the largest religious group in Harris County was the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Galveston–Houston, with 1,947,223 Catholics worshiping at 109 parishes, followed by 579,759 Southern Baptists with 811 congregations, 348,461 non-denominational Christian adherents with 577 congregations, 182,624 United Methodists with 124 congregations, an estimated 117,148 Muslims with 47 congregations, 44,472 LDS Mormons with 77 congregations, 39,041 Episcopalians with 43 congregations, 34,957 PC-USA Presbyterians with 49 congregations, 33,525 Churches of Christ Christians with 124 congregations, and 30,521 LCMS Lutherans with 46 congregations. Altogether, 58.4% of the population was claimed as members by religious congregations, although members of historically African-American denominations were underrepresented due to incomplete information.[24] In 2014, the county had 1,607 religious organizations, the third most out of all U.S. counties.[25]

Government and politics

County governments serve as agents of the state, with responsibilities defined in the Texas Constitution. Counties are governed by the commissioners' court. Each Texas county has four precinct commissioners and a county judge. Although this body is called a court, it conducts the general business of the county and oversees financial matters.[26] The commissioners court may hire personnel to run major departments, such as health and human services.

Besides the county judge and commissioners, the other elective offices found in most counties include the county attorney, county and district clerks, county treasurer, sheriff, tax assessor-collector, justices of the peace, and constables. As a part of the checks and balances system, counties have an auditor appointed by the district courts.[26]

Harris County was one of the earliest areas of Texas to turn Republican. It voted Republican in all but one presidential election from 1952 to 2004, the lone break coming when native Texan Lyndon Johnson carried it in his 44-state landslide in 1964. In 2008, Barack Obama was the first Democrat to win the county since Texas native Lyndon Johnson in 1964. The urban core of Houston is safely Democratic, while suburban areas such as Cypress, Spring, and Katy in the county's western and northern areas, tend to be strongly Republican. In 2016, Hillary Clinton won the county by the largest margin for a Democrat since 1964.[27] The Democratic Party performed very strongly in the county during the 2018 elections, as it did nationwide.[28] In 2020, Joe Biden improved Clinton's performance by two points while Donald Trump only increased his vote share by one point. Regardless of the shift towards Democrats and being the most populated county in Texas, for the past 4 elections that it voted for a Democrat, it has always voted to the right of Dallas, Travis, Bexar, and El Paso, each of which have a smaller population.[29]

In 2013, Allen Turner of the Houston Chronicle said that residents of Harris County were "consistently conservative in elections" and that they were, according to a Rice University Kinder Institute for Urban Research opinion poll, "surprisingly liberal on topics such as immigration, gun control and equal matrimonial rights for same-sex couples".[30] Harris is regarded as a moderate or swing county in Texas, and has been a bellwether in presidential elections, voting for winners of every presidential election from 2000 through 2012 (both Barack Obama and Texas resident George W. Bush won the county twice).[30]

As a result of the Obama sweep in 2008, many Democratic candidates in contests for lower-level offices also benefited, and many Republican incumbents were replaced by Democrats in the Harris County courthouse. Some of the defeated Republican district court judges were later re-appointed to vacant District Court benches by Governor Rick Perry. In 2018, Democrats swept the court capturing all 59 seats on the civil, criminal, family, juvenile and probate courts.[31]

The Kinder Institute's Houston Survey in 2018 found that from 2014 through 2018 the number of Houston residents who supported adoption of children by same-sex couples climbed above 50% and remained there, while in 2017 over 56% of residents reported gay or lesbian persons among their circle of close personal friends. A 2013 opinion poll had found that 46% of Harris County residents supported same-sex marriage, up from 37% in 2001. Just above 82% favored offering illegal immigrants a path to citizenship provided they speak English and have no criminal record, holding from 83% in 2013, which was up from 19% in 2009. In 2013, 87% supported background checks for all firearms, the latest year that question was included in the Kinder Houston Survey. This measure has moved up steadily from 60% in 1985 to 69% in 2000.[32][30]

United States presidential election results for Harris County, Texas[33]
Year Republican Democratic Third party
No.  % No.  % No.  %
2020 700,630 42.69% 918,193 55.94% 22,434 1.37%
2016 545,955 41.61% 707,914 53.95% 58,243 4.44%
2012 586,073 49.31% 587,044 49.39% 15,468 1.30%
2008 571,883 48.82% 590,982 50.45% 8,607 0.73%
2004 584,723 54.75% 475,865 44.56% 7,380 0.69%
2000 529,159 54.28% 418,267 42.91% 27,396 2.81%
1996 421,462 49.24% 386,726 45.18% 47,705 5.57%
1992 406,778 43.14% 360,171 38.20% 175,998 18.66%
1988 464,217 57.02% 342,919 42.12% 7,024 0.86%
1984 536,029 61.46% 334,135 38.31% 2,003 0.23%
1980 416,655 57.87% 274,061 38.06% 29,298 4.07%
1976 357,536 52.17% 321,897 46.97% 5,831 0.85%
1972 365,672 62.56% 215,916 36.94% 2,943 0.50%
1968 202,079 42.90% 182,546 38.75% 86,412 18.35%
1964 154,401 40.32% 227,819 59.49% 765 0.20%
1960 168,170 51.68% 148,275 45.57% 8,954 2.75%
1956 155,555 61.11% 93,961 36.91% 5,033 1.98%
1952 146,665 57.63% 107,604 42.28% 228 0.09%
1948 43,117 35.16% 58,488 47.70% 21,012 17.14%
1944 11,843 11.37% 71,077 68.27% 21,199 20.36%
1940 20,797 22.02% 73,520 77.84% 136 0.14%
1936 8,083 11.97% 59,205 87.67% 245 0.36%
1932 8,604 15.37% 46,886 83.77% 480 0.86%
1928 27,188 55.70% 21,536 44.12% 86 0.18%
1924 8,953 27.57% 20,648 63.57% 2,878 8.86%
1920 7,735 26.82% 14,808 51.35% 6,294 21.83%
1916 3,009 22.05% 10,131 74.24% 507 3.72%
1912 726 8.01% 6,409 70.69% 1,931 21.30%

County facilities

The 1910 county courthouse was renovated in the 1950s to update its systems. Some residents, such as Martin Dreyer, a Houston Chronicle reporter, were disturbed by modernization of the building, saying its character had been ruined. In the 21st century, the facility received another major renovation. Completed in 2011, the $50 million, eight-year project was designed to restore notable historic aspects of the courthouse while providing for contemporary communication and building needs.[34]

The Texas First Court of Appeals and the Texas Fourteenth Court of Appeals, since September 3, 2010, are located in the 1910 Harris County courthouse.[35][36] Previously they were located on the campus of the South Texas College of Law.[37]

The Harris County Jail Complex of the Harris County Sheriff's Office (HCSO) is the largest in Texas, and one of the largest in the nation. In July, 2012, the facility held 9,113 prisoners. To handle overcrowding in the facility, the county had to ship inmates to other counties and some are housed out of the state.[38]

United States Congress

Representatives Name Party First Elected Area(s) of Harris County Represented
  District 2 Dan Crenshaw Republican 2018 Atascosita, Huffman, Humble, Kingwood, Spring
  District 7 Lizzie Pannill Fletcher Democratic 2018 West Houston, Memorial Villages, Bellaire, West University Place, west and northwest areas of county
  District 9 Al Green Democratic 2004 Alief, Southwest Houston, Houston's Southside
  District 10 Michael McCaul Republican 2004 Northwest
  District 18 Sheila Jackson Lee Democratic 1994 Downtown Houston, Bush IAH, northwest and northeast Houston, inner portions of Houston's Southside
  District 22 Troy Nehls Republican 2020 Ellington Field
  District 29 Sylvia Garcia Democratic 2018 Aldine, Channelview, East Houston, Fall Creek portion of Humble, Galena Park, Jacinto City, northern Pasadena, North Shore, western Sheldon, South Houston
  District 36 Brian Babin Republican 2014 Clear Lake City, NASA Johnson Space Center, southern and central Pasadena, Deer Park, Baytown, Crosby, La Porte, eastern Sheldon, Dayton, Seabrook, Morgan's Point, Shore Acres, El Lago, Nassau Bay, Taylor Lake Village

Texas Legislature

Texas Senate

District Name Party First Elected Area(s) of Harris County Represented
  4 Brandon Creighton Republican 2014 Kingwood, far eastern portions of Baytown
  6 Carol Alvarado Democratic 2013 Houston Ship Channel, eastern portions of Houston, Jacinto City, Galena Park, northern Pasadena, western portion of Baytown
  7 Paul Bettencourt Republican 2014 Memorial Villages, Memorial/Spring Branch area, Addicks Reservoir, northwest portions of county
  11 Larry Taylor Republican 2013 Southeast
  13 Borris Miles Democratic 2016 Downtown Houston, Texas Medical Center, southwest and northeast Houston, Houston's Southside
  15 John Whitmire Democratic 1983 Northwest Houston, Bush IAH, southern portion of Humble, eastern Harris County
  17 Joan Huffman Republican 2008 Meyerland, Bellaire, West University Place, much of Greater Katy area, far west Houston, Barker Reservoir

Texas House of Representatives

District Name Party First Elected Area(s) of Harris County Represented
  126 Kevin Roberts Republican 2016 Champions/FM 1960 area
  127 Dan Huberty Republican 2010 Humble, Kingwood, Lake Houston, Atascocita, Crosby, Wallisville
  128 Briscoe Cain Republican 2016 Baytown, Deer Park, La Porte
  129 Dennis Paul Republican 2014 Clear Lake City, NASA Johnson Space Center, Southeast Harris County (including Seabrook and Webster)
  130 Tom Oliverson Republican 2016 Northwest Harris County (including Cypress, Tomball, Waller)
  131 Alma Allen Democratic 2004 far Southwest Houston and far South Side
  132 Gina Calanni Democratic 2018 West Harris County (including Greater Katy area)
  133 Jim Murphy Republican 2010 (Also served 2006–2008) West Houston along West Sam Houston Tollway, including western portion of Memorial/Spring Branch and part of the Energy Corridor
  134 Ann Johnson Democratic 2020 Inner western portions of Houston (including Meyerland, River Oaks and Memorial Park), Texas Medical Center, West University Place, Bellaire, Southside Place, Western Montrose
  135 Jon Rosenthal Democratic 2018 Jersey Village and southeastern segments of the Champions/FM 1960 area
  137 Gene Wu Democratic 2013 Southwest Houston (including Sharpstown and Gulfton)
  138 Dwayne Bohac Republican 2002 Northwest Houston and parts of the Memorial/Spring Branch area north of I-10, Addicks Reservoir
  139 Jarvis Johnson Democratic 2016 North Houston and Aldine west of I-45
  140 Armando Walle Democratic 2008 North Houston and Aldine east of I-45
  141 Senfronia Thompson Democratic 1972 Northeast Houston, Bush IAH, Greenspoint, southern portion of Humble
  142 Harold Dutton, Jr. Democratic 1984 East Houston and Northshore area
  143 Ana Hernandez Luna Democratic 2006 East Houston within Loop 610, Houston Ship Channel, Galena Park, Jacinto City, northern Pasadena
  144 Mary Ann Perez Democratic 2016 Southern Pasadena, far southeast Houston
  145 Christina Morales Democratic 2019 Inner southeastern portions of Houston (mainly east of I-45), South Houston (not part of the city of Houston)
  146 Shawn Thierry Democratic 2016 Inner portions of Houston's South Side
  147 Garnet Coleman Democratic 1990 Downtown Houston, inner southeastern portions of Houston (mainly west of I-45), Eastern Montrose, Midtown, Third Ward
  148 Jessica Farrar Democratic 1994 North and Northwest Houston mainly within Loop 610 (including Houston Heights)
  149 Hubert Vo Democratic 2004 Far west Houston, Alief, unincorporated portions of Katy area east of Fry Rd, Barker Reservoir
  150 Valoree Swanson Republican 2016 North Harris County (including Spring and Klein)

County government

Harris County elected officials

Position Name Party
  County Judge Lina Hidalgo Democratic
  Commissioner, Precinct 1 Rodney Ellis Democratic
  Commissioner, Precinct 2 Adrian Garcia Democratic
  Commissioner, Precinct 3 Tom Ramsey Republican
  Commissioner, Precinct 4 Lesley Briones Democratic
  County Attorney Christian D. Menefee Democratic
  District Attorney Kim Ogg Democratic
  District Clerk Marilyn Burgess Democratic
  County Clerk Teneshia Hudspeth Democratic
  Sheriff Ed Gonzalez Democratic
  Tax Assessor-Collector Ann Harris Bennett Democratic
  Treasurer Carla Wyatt Democratic
  School Trustee, At-Large, Pos. 3 Richard Cantu Democratic
  School Trustee, At-Large, Pos. 5 Erica Davis Democratic
  School Trustee, At-Large, Pos. 7 David W. Brown Democratic
  School Trustee, Pct. 1, Pos. 6 Danyahel (Danny) Norris Democratic
  School Trustee, Pct. 2, Pos. 1 Amy Hinojosa Democratic
  School Trustee, Pct. 3, Pos. 4 Andrea Duhon Democratic
  School Trustee, Pct. 4, Pos. 2 Eric Dick Republican
  Constable, Precinct 1 Alan Rosen Democratic
  Constable, Precinct 2 Jerry Garcia Democratic
  Constable, Precinct 3 Sherman Eagleton Democratic
  Constable, Precinct 4 Mark Herman Republican
  Constable, Precinct 5 Ted Heap Republican
  Constable, Precinct 6 Silvia Trevino Democratic
  Constable, Precinct 7 May Walker Democratic
  Constable, Precinct 8 Phil Sandlin Republican

County services

 
Harris County Criminal Courts Building

The Harris County Flood Control District manages the effects of flooding in the county.

The Harris County Sheriff's Office operates jail facilities and is the primary provider of law enforcement services to the unincorporated areas of the county. The sheriff is the conservator of the peace in the county. The Harris County jail facilities are in northern downtown on the north side of the Buffalo Bayou. The 1200 Jail,[39] the 1307 Jail, (originally a TDCJ facility, leased by the county),[40] and the 701 Jail (formed from existing warehouse storage space) are on the same site.[41]

The Community Services Department provides community services. The department maintains the 20 acres (8.1 ha) Oates Road Cemetery (also known as the Harris County Cemetery) for indigents in eastern Houston, near the former Southern Bible College. In March 2010, the county adopted a cremation first policy, meaning that the default preference for most indigents is to have them cremated instead of buried. As of 2010, the county authorized the Community Services Department to purchase about 50 acres (20 ha) of land in the Huffman area so the county will have additional spaces for indigent burials.[42]

The Harris County Housing Authority (HCHA) is a governmental nonprofit corporation which addresses the need for quality affordable housing.[43] The HCHA has been recognized by the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development as the highest performing housing authority in the region and was named one of America's 10 best Public Housing Authorities.[44] Guy R. Rankin, IV is chief executive officer of Harris County Housing Authority (HCHA).

State government

The Texas Department of Criminal Justice operates some correctional facilities in Harris County, including:

As of 2001, Kegans and Lychner serves male state jail offenders from Harris County, with Kegans getting lower-risk offenders and Lychner getting higher-risk and special-needs offenders. If both of the male state jails in Harris County are full, excess offenders go to the Gist Unit in Jefferson County. Female state jail offenders from Harris County go to the Plane Unit in Liberty County.[48]

The South Texas Intermediate Sanction Facility Unit, a parole confinement facility for males operated by Global Expertise in Outsourcing, is in downtown Houston, west of Minute Maid Park.[49]

Law enforcement

 
Harris County Sheriff Ford Police Interceptor

As of 2018 there are over 60 law enforcement agencies operating in the county.[50] They include: the Harris County Sheriff's Office, the Harris County Constable Office, the Houston Police Department, METRO Police Department, other municipal police departments, and school district police departments.[51]

The combined yearly sum spent by these agencies circa 2018 was $1.6 billion. That year the Rice University Kinder Institute for Urban Research released a report advocating for consolidating several of these agencies as a way of saving taxpayer money.[50]

Administration by judiciary

The chief administrative officer of a Texas County, as set up in the Texas Constitution, is the County Judge, who sits as the chair of the county's Commissioners' Court (the equivalent of a Board of Supervisors in some other states). In 2019, Judge Lina Hidalgo was sworn in as the County Judge. The county is split into 4 geographical divisions called precincts. Each precinct elects a Commissioner to represent them on the commissioners court and oversee county government functions in the precinct.

Other elected positions in Harris County include a County Attorney, a County Clerk, a District Attorney, a District Clerk, a Sheriff, 8 Constables, a Tax Assessor-Collector, a County Treasurer, and every judge in the county except municipal judges, who are appointed by the mayors and confirmed by city councils of their respective cities.

Many of the organs of the Harris County government reside in the Harris County Campus in Downtown Houston.

Economy

 
Hewlett-Packard United States offices, formerly headquarters of Compaq
See also: Economy of Houston

In 2000, the largest employers in Harris County were Administaff, Compaq, Continental Airlines, Memorial Hermann Healthcare System, and Southwestern Bell.[52]

The University of Houston System's annual impact on the Houston-area's economy as of 2011 equates to that of a major corporation: $1.1 billion in new funds attracted annually to the Houston area, $3.13 billion in total economic benefit, and 24,000 local jobs generated.[53][54] This is in addition to the over 12,500 new graduates the UH System produces every year who enter the workforce in Houston and throughout Texas. These degree-holders tend to stay in Houston; after five years, 80.5% of graduates are still living and working in the region.[54]

In 2009, 20% of the office space in northwest Harris County was vacant. As of that year, more office space was being built; in 2010, northwest Harris will have twice the amount of office space that it had in 2009. The vacancy rate in the area near Farm to Market Road 1960 and Texas State Highway 249 in north Harris County was 53% in 2009.[55]

Various companies are headquartered in incorporated and unincorporated areas throughout Harris County.

Academy Sports and Outdoors, a sporting goods retailer, has its corporate offices and product distribution center in unincorporated western Harris County.[56] Hewlett-Packard formerly operated its United States region office in a complex northwest unincorporated Harris County; the complex formerly belonged to Compaq prior to Compaq's merger with HP.[57][58] The HP offices, which are now occupied by Hewlett Packard Enterprise, are now in a limited purpose annexation in Houston.[59] Smith International has its headquarters in the Greenspoint district and in an unincorporated area in Harris County.[60][61] BJ Services Company has its headquarters in the Spring Branch district and in unincorporated Harris County.[62][63] Cybersoft Technologies has its headquarters in an unincorporated area.[64] In 2012, Noble Energy announced that it was consolidating its headquarters and two other Greater Houston offices into a 10-story building on the former Compaq headquarters property in unincorporated Harris County.[65] In 2022, ExxonMobil announced it was moving its headquarters to Harris County from Irving, Texas.[66] Goya Foods previously had its Texas offices in an unincorporated area in the county.[67]

General Electric operates an aeroderivative division facility on Jacintoport in unincorporated Harris County.[68][69] Randall's Food Markets, a subsidiary of Safeway Inc., has its distribution center in unincorporated Harris County.[70]

In 2008, KBR announced that it will open a new office facility in an unincorporated area in western Harris County.[71] In December KBR said that it would not continue with the plans due to a weakened economy.[72] In January 2009 KBR announced that it will not open the new office facility.[73]

Education

Primary and secondary schools

 
Harris County Department of Education – Ronald W. Reagan Building

The Harris County Department of Education, a county division overseeing education by local school districts, with a 2011 budget around $100 million, is headquartered in the Ronald W. Reagan Building in the Northside district in Houston. It has an Adult Education Center in the Northside and an office in the North Post Oak Building in Spring Branch.[63][74][75]

Several school districts serve Harris County communities. Among the 26 districts are:[76]

On July 1, 2013, the North Forest Independent School District closed and its territory became a part of Houston ISD.[77]

In addition, state-operated charter schools are in the county. Charter schools in unincorporated areas include:

The department of education of the county operates the Highpoint Schools.[79]

Colleges and universities

See also: List of colleges and universities in Houston
 
Rice University - Sally Port

Four separate and distinct state universities are located in Harris County. The University of Houston is a nationally recognized Tier One research university, and is the flagship institution of the University of Houston System.[80][81][82] The third-largest university in Texas,[83] the University of Houston counted 43,774 (fall 2016)[84] students on its 667-acre campus in southeast Houston. The University of Houston–Clear Lake and the University of Houston–Downtown are stand-alone universities; they are not branch campuses of the University of Houston. Located in the historic community of Third Ward is Texas Southern University, one of the largest historically black colleges and universities in the United States.

Several private institutions of higher learning—ranging from liberal arts colleges to a nationally recognized research university—are located within Harris County. Rice University is one of the leading teaching and research universities of the United States and ranked the nation's 17th best overall university by U.S. News & World Report.[85]

Four community college districts exist with campuses in and around Harris County:[86]

  • The Houston Community College System serves Houston ISD (including the former North Forest ISD), Katy ISD, Spring Branch ISD, Alief ISD, and Stafford MSD. This includes most of the City of Houston.
  • The Lone Star College System (formerly North-Harris Montgomery Community College District) serves Aldine ISD, Cypress-Fairbanks ISD, Tomball ISD, Humble ISD, and Klein ISD. This constitutes the northwestern through northeastern parts of the county.
  • San Jacinto College serves Pasadena ISD, Galena Park ISD, Sheldon ISD, Channelview ISD, Deer Park ISD, La Porte ISD, and the Harris County part of Clear Creek ISD. This constitutes southeastern and eastern portions of the county
  • Lee College serves Goose Creek ISD, Crosby ISD, and Huffman ISD, far east to northeast sections

The legislation does not specify which community college is for the Harris County portion of Waller ISD.

The Houston Community College and Lone Star College systems are within the 10 largest institutions of higher learning in the United States.

Public libraries

Harris County operates its own public library system, the Harris County Public Library.

In addition, Houston has the Houston Public Library, a city-controlled public library system.

The cities of Baytown, Bellaire, Deer Park, and Pasadena have their own city-controlled libraries.

Emergency services

Police services

 
The 1200 Jail, the headquarters of the Harris County Sheriff's Office
 
Little York Volunteer Fire Department Station 81

Incorporated cities operate their own police departments, though Harris County operates the Harris County Sheriff's Office, which serves unincorporated areas and supplements police forces of incorporated areas.

Harris County also has a constable for each of its eight precincts and hundreds of deputies assigned to each. They mainly serve in a patrol function, established to maintain peace in the county as well as providing security to county buildings such as court houses and district attorney's offices.

Municipal fire/EMS services

The Harris County Fire Marshal's Office operates an Investigative Branch, an Emergency Response Branch (Hazardous Materials Response) and Prevention Branch (Inspections). The office is headquartered at 2318 Atascocita Road in an unincorporated area.[87] Incorporated cities operate their own fire departments. The city of Houston operates the Houston Fire Department which provides fire and emergency medical coverage to the city of Houston.

Emergency services districts

Areas outside of municipal city limits (and some smaller municipalities) have fire and emergency medical services provided by Emergency Service Districts, distinct governmental units with the ability to levy property and sales taxes. ESD's may provide fire service, EMS service or both (dual services) and the services they provide determine the limits on their adoptable tax rate.

ESD's may provide services directly or may contract with an agency or agencies for services. Additionally, ESD's may overlap one another to ensure both fire and EMS services are provided.

ESD Type Provider Sales Tax Rate (2015)[88] Property Tax Rate per $100 Valuation (2015)[89]
Harris County ESD #1 EMS Harris County Emergency Corps[90] .10
Harris County ESD #2 EMS South Lake Houston EMS 1% .0280120
Harris County ESD #4 (4A) Dual Huffman FD 1% (2%) .10 (.10)
Harris County ESD #5 EMS HCESD5 EMS 1% .02
Harris County ESD #6 EMS North Channel EMS .5% .0089
Harris County ESD #7 Fire Spring VFD 1% .06545
Harris County ESD #8 EMS Northwest EMS[91] .10
Harris County ESD #9 Dual Cy-Fair FD 1% .055
Harris County ESD #10 Fire Eastex Fire Department[92] 1% .10
Harris County ESD #11[93] EMS https://esd11.com/ .04185
Harris County ESD #12 Fire Cloverleaf Fire Department .5% .03
Harris County ESD #13 Fire Cypress Creek FD .08826
Harris County ESD #14 Dual Highlands VFD 2% .05
Harris County ESD #15 Fire Tomball FD 1% .05
Harris County ESD #16 Fire Klein VFD 1% .05
Harris County ESD #17 Fire Little York VFD 1% .10
Harris County ESD #19 Fire Sheldon VFD .03
Harris County ESD #20 Fire Northwest FD 1% .10
Harris County ESD #21 Dual Rosehill FD 1% .10
Harris County ESD #24 Fire Aldine Fire & Rescue .10
Harris County ESD #25 Fire Westfield FD .10
Harris County ESD #28 Fire Ponderosa VFD 1% .10
Harris County ESD #29 Fire Champions FD 1% .09032
Harris County ESD #46 Dual Atascocita VFD[94] 1% .08
Harris County ESD #47 Dual Westlake FD 1% .095186
Harris County ESD #48[95] Dual HCESD48 FD 1% .089
Harris County ESD #50 Dual Channelview FD 1% .05
Harris County ESD #60 Fire Sheldon VFD 1% .05
Harris County ESD #75 Dual Baytown FD 1% .0875
Harris County ESD #80 Fire Crosby FD 1% .04178
Harris-Fort Bend ESD #100 Dual Community FD 1% .07951
Waller-Harris ESD #200[96] Other Multiple Fire/EMS Agencies .0995

Hospital services

Within Harris County, hospital services for the indigent and needy are provided by the Harris Health System (Harris County Hospital District), a separate governmental entity. Harris Health System operates two hospitals: LBJ General Hospital and Ben Taub General Hospital, as well as many clinics and the former Quentin Mease Community Hospital.

Additionally, numerous private and public hospitals operate in Harris County, including institutions in Texas Medical Center and throughout the county, for example the Harris County Psychiatric Center

Transportation

 
Harris County Annex M has the headquarters of the Harris County Transit agency.[97]

Metropolitan Transit Authority of Harris County, Texas (METRO) serves several areas within Harris County. An agency of the Harris County government, Harris County Transit, serves communities in Harris County that are not served by METRO.[98]

In Harris County, the average one way commute for a person using an automobile was 25 minutes, while the average commute for a person not using an automobile was 44 minutes, a 76% longer duration than the figure for commuters with cars.[99]

Major highways

Mass transit

Many areas in Harris County are served by Metropolitan Transit Authority of Harris County, Texas (METRO), a public transportation agency headquartered in Downtown Houston.

Some communities outside of METRO's service area, such as Baytown, Texas, and Channelview, Texas, are served by Harris County Transit.

Intercity buses

Greyhound Bus Lines operates various stations throughout Harris County.

Airports

Two commercial airports, George Bush Intercontinental Airport and William P. Hobby Airport, are located in Houston and in Harris County. The Houston Airport System defines Harris County as a part of Bush Intercontinental's service region.[100] The city of Houston operates Ellington Field, a general aviation and military airport in Harris County.

General aviation airports for fixed-wing aircraft outside of Houston include:

See also

References

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External links

 
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Harris County, Texas.
  • Harris County government's website
  • The Handbook of Texas Online: Harris County
  • Account of the early days of Harris County, 1824 – 1838 from Indian Wars and Pioneers of Texas by John Henry Brown, hosted by The Portal to Texas History
  • Accepted design illustration of Court House from the University of Houston Digital Library (1920–1924)

Coordinates: 29°52′N 95°23′W / 29.86°N 95.39°W / 29.86; -95.39

March 30, 2023
harris, county, texas, county, northeast, texas, harrison, county, texas, harris, county, county, located, state, texas, 2020, census, population, making, most, populous, county, texas, third, most, populous, county, united, states, county, seat, houston, larg. For the county in northeast Texas see Harrison County Texas Harris County is a county located in the U S state of Texas as of the 2020 census the population was 4 731 145 1 making it the most populous county in Texas and the third most populous county in the United States Its county seat is Houston the largest city in Texas and fourth largest city in the United States The county was founded in 1836 and organized in 1837 2 3 It is named for John Richardson Harris who founded the town of Harrisburg on Buffalo Bayou in 1826 2 According to the July 2021 census estimate Harris County s population has shifted to 4 728 030 comprising over 16 of Texas s population 4 5 Harris County is included in the nine county Houston The Woodlands Sugar Land metropolitan statistical area which is the fifth most populous metropolitan area in the United States Harris CountyCountyDowntown Houston Harris County CourthouseSealLocation within the U S state of TexasTexas s location within the U S Coordinates 29 52 N 95 23 W 29 86 N 95 39 W 29 86 95 39Country United StatesState TexasFounded1837Named forJohn Richardson HarrisSeatHoustonLargest cityHoustonArea Total1 778 sq mi 4 600 km2 Land1 703 sq mi 4 410 km2 Water74 sq mi 190 km2 4 2 Population 2020 Total4 731 145 Estimate 2021 4 728 030 Density2 700 sq mi 1 000 km2 Time zoneUTC 6 Central Summer DST UTC 5 CDT Congressional districts2nd 7th 8th 9th 10th 18th 22nd 29th 36th 38thWebsitewww wbr co wbr harris wbr tx wbr usContents 1 History 2 Geography 2 1 Adjacent counties 3 Communities 3 1 Cities 3 1 1 Multiple counties 3 1 2 Harris County only 3 2 Unincorporated areas 3 2 1 Census designated places 3 2 2 Unincorporated communities 4 Demographics 4 1 Language 4 2 Religion 5 Government and politics 5 1 County facilities 5 2 United States Congress 5 3 Texas Legislature 5 3 1 Texas Senate 5 3 2 Texas House of Representatives 5 4 County government 5 4 1 Harris County elected officials 5 4 2 County services 5 5 State government 5 6 Law enforcement 6 Administration by judiciary 7 Economy 8 Education 8 1 Primary and secondary schools 8 2 Colleges and universities 8 3 Public libraries 9 Emergency services 9 1 Police services 9 2 Municipal fire EMS services 9 3 Emergency services districts 10 Hospital services 11 Transportation 11 1 Major highways 11 2 Mass transit 11 3 Intercity buses 11 4 Airports 12 See also 13 References 14 External linksHistory Edit Firefighters on San Jacinto Street circa 1914 The Harris County Courthouse in Houston in 1913 Human remains date habitation to about 4000 BC Other evidence of humans in the area dates from about 1400 BC 1 AD and later in the first millennium The region became uninhabited from 1 AD to European contact Little European activity predates 1821 Alvar Nunez Cabeza de Vaca may have visited the area in 1529 French traders recorded passing through in the 18th century Spaniards attempted to establish a fort in the area around the same time but did not persist for long 2 The first recorded European settlers in Harris County arrived in 1822 Their schooner sailed into Galveston Bay and ran aground on the Red Fish Bar Some of those passengers traveled further up the bay system but it is not known whether they settled up Buffalo Bayou or the San Jacinto River One of these passengers a Mr Ryder settled at what is now known as Morgan s Point Texas Also in 1822 John Iiams settled his family at Cedar Point after sailing from Berwick s Bay Louisiana Dr Johnson Hunter arrived just after Iiams He also wrecked his boat near Galveston He settled at Morgan s Point and was a grantee of land there Nathaniel Lynch settled in the area and operated a ferry 6 In 1824 the land empresario Stephen F Austin convened at the house of William Scott for the purpose of conveying titles for Mexican headrights He was joined by the land commissioner Baron von Bastrop and Austin s secretary Samuel May Williams About thirty families gained legal titles to land in what would later be known as Harris County A few immigrants settled on Buffalo Bayou in these early years including Moses Callahan Ezekial Thomas and the Vince brothers 6 Nicolas Clopper arrived in the Galveston Bay area from Ohio in the 1820s He attempted to develop Buffalo Bayou as a trading conduit for the Brazos River valley He acquired land at Morgan s Point in 1826 7 John Richardson Harris 1790 1829 for whom the county was later named arrived in 1824 Harris had moved his family to Sainte Genevieve Missouri Territory where they had been residing until the early 1820s 8 Harris was granted a league of land about 4 428 acres at Buffalo Bayou He platted the town of Harrisburg in 1826 while he established a trading post and a grist mill there He ran boats transporting goods between New Orleans and Harrisburg until his death in the fall of 1829 9 The First Congress of the Republic of Texas established Harrisburg County on December 22 1836 The original county boundaries included Galveston Island but were redrawn to its current configuration in May 1838 2 The area has had a number of severe weather events such as the following hurricanes and tropical storms 1900 Galveston 1943 Surprise Hurricane 1943 Carla 1961 Alicia 1983 Rita 2005 Ike 2008 Harvey 2017 Nicholas 2021 Allison 2001 Erin 2007 Imelda 2019 Beta 2020 Geography EditAccording to the U S Census Bureau the county has a total area of 1 777 square miles 4 600 km2 of which 1 703 square miles 4 410 km2 is land and 74 square miles 190 km2 4 2 is covered by water 10 Both its total area and land area are larger than the U S state of Rhode Island Adjacent counties Edit Montgomery north Liberty northeast Chambers east Galveston southeast Brazoria south Fort Bend southwest Waller northwest Communities EditCities Edit Multiple counties Edit Baytown partly in Chambers County Friendswood mostly in Galveston County Houston county seat and largest municipality small parts in Fort Bend and Montgomery counties Katy partly in Fort Bend and Waller counties League City mostly in Galveston County Missouri City mostly in Fort Bend County Pearland mostly in Brazoria County and a small part in Fort Bend County Seabrook some water surface in Chambers County Stafford mostly in Fort Bend County Waller partly in Waller County Harris County only Edit Bellaire Bunker Hill Village Deer Park El Lago Galena Park Hedwig Village Hilshire Village Humble Hunters Creek Village Jacinto City Jersey Village La Porte Morgan s Point Nassau Bay Pasadena Piney Point Village Shoreacres South Houston Southside Place Spring Valley Village Taylor Lake Village Tomball Webster West University Place Unincorporated areas Edit Census designated places Edit Aldine Atascocita Barrett Channelview Cinco Ranch mostly in Fort Bend County Cloverleaf Crosby Highlands Mission Bend mostly in Fort Bend County Sheldon Spring The Woodlands mostly in Montgomery County Unincorporated communities Edit Alief Partially annexed by Houston partially unincorporated Airline Bammel Barker Beaumont Place Bridgeland Cedar Bayou Champions Forest Cimarron Coady Cypress Dyersdale East Aldine Fall Creek Hockley Houmont Park Huffman Hufsmith Kinwood Klein Kleinbrook Kohrville Louetta Lynchburg McNair North Houston Northcliffe Northcliffe Manor Northgate Forest Remington Ranch Rose Hill Satsuma Traces WestfieldDemographics EditHistorical population CensusPop Note 18504 668 18609 07094 3 187017 37591 6 188027 98561 1 189037 24933 1 190063 78671 2 1910115 69381 4 1920186 66761 3 1930359 32892 5 1940528 96147 2 1950806 70152 5 19601 243 15854 1 19701 741 91240 1 19802 409 54738 3 19902 818 19917 0 20003 400 57820 7 20104 092 45920 3 20204 731 14515 6 2021 est 4 728 030 0 1 U S Decennial Census 11 1850 2010 12 2010 2020 1 Demographic Profile of Harris County Texas NH Non Hispanic Race Ethnicity Pop 2010 13 Pop 2020 14 2010 2020White alone NH 1 349 646 1 309 593 32 98 27 68 Black or African American alone NH 754 258 885 517 18 43 18 72 Native American or Alaska Native alone NH 8 150 8 432 0 20 0 18 Asian alone NH 249 853 344 762 6 11 7 29 Pacific Islander alone NH 2 260 3 199 0 06 0 07 Some Other Race alone NH 7 914 23 262 0 19 0 49 Mixed Race Multi Racial NH 48 838 121 671 1 19 2 57 Hispanic or Latino any race 1 671 540 2 034 709 40 84 43 01 Total 4 092 459 4 731 145 100 00 100 00 Note the U S Census Bureau treats Hispanic Latino as an ethnic category This table excludes Latinos from the racial categories and assigns them to a separate category Hispanics Latinos can be of any race According to the 2000 U S census 15 3 400 578 people 1 205 516 households and 834 217 families resided in the county in 2010 the population increased to 4 092 459 by the 2020 U S census Harris County had a population of 4 731 145 14 Overall Harris County s population has recorded positive growth since the 1850 U S census tabulated population of 4 668 Among the county population once predominantly non Hispanic white the largest racial or ethnic group has become Hispanic or Latino Americans 43 01 as of 2020 14 Following non Hispanic whites declined to 27 68 of the population Black or African Americans were 18 72 of the area population and Asian Americans made up 7 29 of the county multiracial Americans increased to 2 57 American Indians and Alaska Natives declined to 0 18 and Pacific Islanders grew to 0 07 of the population Having a large and growing Asian American community alongside Hispanics and Latinos and Black and African American 16 the Houston Area Asian Survey of the Kinder Institute of Urban Research Houston Area Survey stated that between 1990 and 2000 the Asian population in Harris County increased by 76 between 2000 and 2010 it increased by 45 17 Economically Harris County along with other Texas counties has one of the nation s highest property tax rates In 2007 the county was ranked in the top 25 at 22nd in the nation for property taxes as percentage of the homes value on owner occupied housing the list only includes counties with a population over 65 000 for comparability 18 Additionally Harris County residents had a median household income of 63 022 with a mean income of 93 184 Families had a median income of 73 274 and mean of 105 534 married couple families 93 961 with a mean of 128 211 and non family households a median of 43 488 and mean of 62 435 19 With a poverty rate of 15 6 as of 2020 20 Children At Risk a local nonprofit research organization estimated 21 of the Harris County children lived in poverty 6 5 per 1 000 die before age one and 38 drop out of high school as of 2007 21 Language Edit In 2000 1 961 993 residents of Harris County spoke English only The five largest foreign languages in the county were Spanish or Spanish Creole 1 106 883 speakers Vietnamese 53 311 speakers Chinese 33 003 speakers French including Louisiana French and Patois 33 003 speakers and Urdu 14 595 speakers Among those who spoke other languages 46 of Spanish speakers 37 of Vietnamese speakers 50 of Chinese speakers 85 of French speakers and 72 of Urdu speakers said that they spoke English at least very well 22 By 2020 55 6 of the county aged 5 and older spoke English only and 44 4 spoke another language instead of English Spanish remained the second most spoken language 35 23 Religion Edit Saint Mary Cathedral Basilica seat of the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Galveston Houston In 2010 statistics the largest religious group in Harris County was the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Galveston Houston with 1 947 223 Catholics worshiping at 109 parishes followed by 579 759 Southern Baptists with 811 congregations 348 461 non denominational Christian adherents with 577 congregations 182 624 United Methodists with 124 congregations an estimated 117 148 Muslims with 47 congregations 44 472 LDS Mormons with 77 congregations 39 041 Episcopalians with 43 congregations 34 957 PC USA Presbyterians with 49 congregations 33 525 Churches of Christ Christians with 124 congregations and 30 521 LCMS Lutherans with 46 congregations Altogether 58 4 of the population was claimed as members by religious congregations although members of historically African American denominations were underrepresented due to incomplete information 24 In 2014 the county had 1 607 religious organizations the third most out of all U S counties 25 Government and politics EditCounty governments serve as agents of the state with responsibilities defined in the Texas Constitution Counties are governed by the commissioners court Each Texas county has four precinct commissioners and a county judge Although this body is called a court it conducts the general business of the county and oversees financial matters 26 The commissioners court may hire personnel to run major departments such as health and human services Besides the county judge and commissioners the other elective offices found in most counties include the county attorney county and district clerks county treasurer sheriff tax assessor collector justices of the peace and constables As a part of the checks and balances system counties have an auditor appointed by the district courts 26 Harris County was one of the earliest areas of Texas to turn Republican It voted Republican in all but one presidential election from 1952 to 2004 the lone break coming when native Texan Lyndon Johnson carried it in his 44 state landslide in 1964 In 2008 Barack Obama was the first Democrat to win the county since Texas native Lyndon Johnson in 1964 The urban core of Houston is safely Democratic while suburban areas such as Cypress Spring and Katy in the county s western and northern areas tend to be strongly Republican In 2016 Hillary Clinton won the county by the largest margin for a Democrat since 1964 27 The Democratic Party performed very strongly in the county during the 2018 elections as it did nationwide 28 In 2020 Joe Biden improved Clinton s performance by two points while Donald Trump only increased his vote share by one point Regardless of the shift towards Democrats and being the most populated county in Texas for the past 4 elections that it voted for a Democrat it has always voted to the right of Dallas Travis Bexar and El Paso each of which have a smaller population 29 In 2013 Allen Turner of the Houston Chronicle said that residents of Harris County were consistently conservative in elections and that they were according to a Rice University Kinder Institute for Urban Research opinion poll surprisingly liberal on topics such as immigration gun control and equal matrimonial rights for same sex couples 30 Harris is regarded as a moderate or swing county in Texas and has been a bellwether in presidential elections voting for winners of every presidential election from 2000 through 2012 both Barack Obama and Texas resident George W Bush won the county twice 30 As a result of the Obama sweep in 2008 many Democratic candidates in contests for lower level offices also benefited and many Republican incumbents were replaced by Democrats in the Harris County courthouse Some of the defeated Republican district court judges were later re appointed to vacant District Court benches by Governor Rick Perry In 2018 Democrats swept the court capturing all 59 seats on the civil criminal family juvenile and probate courts 31 The Kinder Institute s Houston Survey in 2018 found that from 2014 through 2018 the number of Houston residents who supported adoption of children by same sex couples climbed above 50 and remained there while in 2017 over 56 of residents reported gay or lesbian persons among their circle of close personal friends A 2013 opinion poll had found that 46 of Harris County residents supported same sex marriage up from 37 in 2001 Just above 82 favored offering illegal immigrants a path to citizenship provided they speak English and have no criminal record holding from 83 in 2013 which was up from 19 in 2009 In 2013 87 supported background checks for all firearms the latest year that question was included in the Kinder Houston Survey This measure has moved up steadily from 60 in 1985 to 69 in 2000 32 30 United States presidential election results for Harris County Texas 33 Year Republican Democratic Third partyNo No No 2020 700 630 42 69 918 193 55 94 22 434 1 37 2016 545 955 41 61 707 914 53 95 58 243 4 44 2012 586 073 49 31 587 044 49 39 15 468 1 30 2008 571 883 48 82 590 982 50 45 8 607 0 73 2004 584 723 54 75 475 865 44 56 7 380 0 69 2000 529 159 54 28 418 267 42 91 27 396 2 81 1996 421 462 49 24 386 726 45 18 47 705 5 57 1992 406 778 43 14 360 171 38 20 175 998 18 66 1988 464 217 57 02 342 919 42 12 7 024 0 86 1984 536 029 61 46 334 135 38 31 2 003 0 23 1980 416 655 57 87 274 061 38 06 29 298 4 07 1976 357 536 52 17 321 897 46 97 5 831 0 85 1972 365 672 62 56 215 916 36 94 2 943 0 50 1968 202 079 42 90 182 546 38 75 86 412 18 35 1964 154 401 40 32 227 819 59 49 765 0 20 1960 168 170 51 68 148 275 45 57 8 954 2 75 1956 155 555 61 11 93 961 36 91 5 033 1 98 1952 146 665 57 63 107 604 42 28 228 0 09 1948 43 117 35 16 58 488 47 70 21 012 17 14 1944 11 843 11 37 71 077 68 27 21 199 20 36 1940 20 797 22 02 73 520 77 84 136 0 14 1936 8 083 11 97 59 205 87 67 245 0 36 1932 8 604 15 37 46 886 83 77 480 0 86 1928 27 188 55 70 21 536 44 12 86 0 18 1924 8 953 27 57 20 648 63 57 2 878 8 86 1920 7 735 26 82 14 808 51 35 6 294 21 83 1916 3 009 22 05 10 131 74 24 507 3 72 1912 726 8 01 6 409 70 69 1 931 21 30 County facilities Edit The 1910 county courthouse was renovated in the 1950s to update its systems Some residents such as Martin Dreyer a Houston Chronicle reporter were disturbed by modernization of the building saying its character had been ruined In the 21st century the facility received another major renovation Completed in 2011 the 50 million eight year project was designed to restore notable historic aspects of the courthouse while providing for contemporary communication and building needs 34 The Texas First Court of Appeals and the Texas Fourteenth Court of Appeals since September 3 2010 are located in the 1910 Harris County courthouse 35 36 Previously they were located on the campus of the South Texas College of Law 37 The Harris County Jail Complex of the Harris County Sheriff s Office HCSO is the largest in Texas and one of the largest in the nation In July 2012 the facility held 9 113 prisoners To handle overcrowding in the facility the county had to ship inmates to other counties and some are housed out of the state 38 United States Congress Edit Representatives Name Party First Elected Area s of Harris County Represented District 2 Dan Crenshaw Republican 2018 Atascosita Huffman Humble Kingwood Spring District 7 Lizzie Pannill Fletcher Democratic 2018 West Houston Memorial Villages Bellaire West University Place west and northwest areas of county District 9 Al Green Democratic 2004 Alief Southwest Houston Houston s Southside District 10 Michael McCaul Republican 2004 Northwest District 18 Sheila Jackson Lee Democratic 1994 Downtown Houston Bush IAH northwest and northeast Houston inner portions of Houston s Southside District 22 Troy Nehls Republican 2020 Ellington Field District 29 Sylvia Garcia Democratic 2018 Aldine Channelview East Houston Fall Creek portion of Humble Galena Park Jacinto City northern Pasadena North Shore western Sheldon South Houston District 36 Brian Babin Republican 2014 Clear Lake City NASA Johnson Space Center southern and central Pasadena Deer Park Baytown Crosby La Porte eastern Sheldon Dayton Seabrook Morgan s Point Shore Acres El Lago Nassau Bay Taylor Lake VillageTexas Legislature Edit Texas Senate Edit District Name Party First Elected Area s of Harris County Represented 4 Brandon Creighton Republican 2014 Kingwood far eastern portions of Baytown 6 Carol Alvarado Democratic 2013 Houston Ship Channel eastern portions of Houston Jacinto City Galena Park northern Pasadena western portion of Baytown 7 Paul Bettencourt Republican 2014 Memorial Villages Memorial Spring Branch area Addicks Reservoir northwest portions of county 11 Larry Taylor Republican 2013 Southeast 13 Borris Miles Democratic 2016 Downtown Houston Texas Medical Center southwest and northeast Houston Houston s Southside 15 John Whitmire Democratic 1983 Northwest Houston Bush IAH southern portion of Humble eastern Harris County 17 Joan Huffman Republican 2008 Meyerland Bellaire West University Place much of Greater Katy area far west Houston Barker ReservoirTexas House of Representatives Edit District Name Party First Elected Area s of Harris County Represented 126 Kevin Roberts Republican 2016 Champions FM 1960 area 127 Dan Huberty Republican 2010 Humble Kingwood Lake Houston Atascocita Crosby Wallisville 128 Briscoe Cain Republican 2016 Baytown Deer Park La Porte 129 Dennis Paul Republican 2014 Clear Lake City NASA Johnson Space Center Southeast Harris County including Seabrook and Webster 130 Tom Oliverson Republican 2016 Northwest Harris County including Cypress Tomball Waller 131 Alma Allen Democratic 2004 far Southwest Houston and far South Side 132 Gina Calanni Democratic 2018 West Harris County including Greater Katy area 133 Jim Murphy Republican 2010 Also served 2006 2008 West Houston along West Sam Houston Tollway including western portion of Memorial Spring Branch and part of the Energy Corridor 134 Ann Johnson Democratic 2020 Inner western portions of Houston including Meyerland River Oaks and Memorial Park Texas Medical Center West University Place Bellaire Southside Place Western Montrose 135 Jon Rosenthal Democratic 2018 Jersey Village and southeastern segments of the Champions FM 1960 area 137 Gene Wu Democratic 2013 Southwest Houston including Sharpstown and Gulfton 138 Dwayne Bohac Republican 2002 Northwest Houston and parts of the Memorial Spring Branch area north of I 10 Addicks Reservoir 139 Jarvis Johnson Democratic 2016 North Houston and Aldine west of I 45 140 Armando Walle Democratic 2008 North Houston and Aldine east of I 45 141 Senfronia Thompson Democratic 1972 Northeast Houston Bush IAH Greenspoint southern portion of Humble 142 Harold Dutton Jr Democratic 1984 East Houston and Northshore area 143 Ana Hernandez Luna Democratic 2006 East Houston within Loop 610 Houston Ship Channel Galena Park Jacinto City northern Pasadena 144 Mary Ann Perez Democratic 2016 Southern Pasadena far southeast Houston 145 Christina Morales Democratic 2019 Inner southeastern portions of Houston mainly east of I 45 South Houston not part of the city of Houston 146 Shawn Thierry Democratic 2016 Inner portions of Houston s South Side 147 Garnet Coleman Democratic 1990 Downtown Houston inner southeastern portions of Houston mainly west of I 45 Eastern Montrose Midtown Third Ward 148 Jessica Farrar Democratic 1994 North and Northwest Houston mainly within Loop 610 including Houston Heights 149 Hubert Vo Democratic 2004 Far west Houston Alief unincorporated portions of Katy area east of Fry Rd Barker Reservoir 150 Valoree Swanson Republican 2016 North Harris County including Spring and Klein County government Edit Harris County elected officials Edit Position Name Party County Judge Lina Hidalgo Democratic Commissioner Precinct 1 Rodney Ellis Democratic Commissioner Precinct 2 Adrian Garcia Democratic Commissioner Precinct 3 Tom Ramsey Republican Commissioner Precinct 4 Lesley Briones Democratic County Attorney Christian D Menefee Democratic District Attorney Kim Ogg Democratic District Clerk Marilyn Burgess Democratic County Clerk Teneshia Hudspeth Democratic Sheriff Ed Gonzalez Democratic Tax Assessor Collector Ann Harris Bennett Democratic Treasurer Carla Wyatt Democratic School Trustee At Large Pos 3 Richard Cantu Democratic School Trustee At Large Pos 5 Erica Davis Democratic School Trustee At Large Pos 7 David W Brown Democratic School Trustee Pct 1 Pos 6 Danyahel Danny Norris Democratic School Trustee Pct 2 Pos 1 Amy Hinojosa Democratic School Trustee Pct 3 Pos 4 Andrea Duhon Democratic School Trustee Pct 4 Pos 2 Eric Dick Republican Constable Precinct 1 Alan Rosen Democratic Constable Precinct 2 Jerry Garcia Democratic Constable Precinct 3 Sherman Eagleton Democratic Constable Precinct 4 Mark Herman Republican Constable Precinct 5 Ted Heap Republican Constable Precinct 6 Silvia Trevino Democratic Constable Precinct 7 May Walker Democratic Constable Precinct 8 Phil Sandlin RepublicanCounty services Edit Harris County Criminal Courts BuildingThe Harris County Flood Control District manages the effects of flooding in the county The Harris County Sheriff s Office operates jail facilities and is the primary provider of law enforcement services to the unincorporated areas of the county The sheriff is the conservator of the peace in the county The Harris County jail facilities are in northern downtown on the north side of the Buffalo Bayou The 1200 Jail 39 the 1307 Jail originally a TDCJ facility leased by the county 40 and the 701 Jail formed from existing warehouse storage space are on the same site 41 The Community Services Department provides community services The department maintains the 20 acres 8 1 ha Oates Road Cemetery also known as the Harris County Cemetery for indigents in eastern Houston near the former Southern Bible College In March 2010 the county adopted a cremation first policy meaning that the default preference for most indigents is to have them cremated instead of buried As of 2010 the county authorized the Community Services Department to purchase about 50 acres 20 ha of land in the Huffman area so the county will have additional spaces for indigent burials 42 The Harris County Housing Authority HCHA is a governmental nonprofit corporation which addresses the need for quality affordable housing 43 The HCHA has been recognized by the U S Department of Housing and Urban Development as the highest performing housing authority in the region and was named one of America s 10 best Public Housing Authorities 44 Guy R Rankin IV is chief executive officer of Harris County Housing Authority HCHA State government Edit The Texas Department of Criminal Justice operates some correctional facilities in Harris County including Kegans Unit located in Downtown Houston is a state jail for men It is in the north of downtown along the north side of the Buffalo Bayou next to the county facilities 45 Pam Lychner Unit named after Pam Lychner and located in unincorporated northeast Harris County east of the city of Humble is a state jail for men 46 47 As of 2001 Kegans and Lychner serves male state jail offenders from Harris County with Kegans getting lower risk offenders and Lychner getting higher risk and special needs offenders If both of the male state jails in Harris County are full excess offenders go to the Gist Unit in Jefferson County Female state jail offenders from Harris County go to the Plane Unit in Liberty County 48 The South Texas Intermediate Sanction Facility Unit a parole confinement facility for males operated by Global Expertise in Outsourcing is in downtown Houston west of Minute Maid Park 49 Law enforcement Edit Harris County Sheriff Ford Police Interceptor As of 2018 update there are over 60 law enforcement agencies operating in the county 50 They include the Harris County Sheriff s Office the Harris County Constable Office the Houston Police Department METRO Police Department other municipal police departments and school district police departments 51 The combined yearly sum spent by these agencies circa 2018 was 1 6 billion That year the Rice University Kinder Institute for Urban Research released a report advocating for consolidating several of these agencies as a way of saving taxpayer money 50 Administration by judiciary EditThe chief administrative officer of a Texas County as set up in the Texas Constitution is the County Judge who sits as the chair of the county s Commissioners Court the equivalent of a Board of Supervisors in some other states In 2019 Judge Lina Hidalgo was sworn in as the County Judge The county is split into 4 geographical divisions called precincts Each precinct elects a Commissioner to represent them on the commissioners court and oversee county government functions in the precinct Other elected positions in Harris County include a County Attorney a County Clerk a District Attorney a District Clerk a Sheriff 8 Constables a Tax Assessor Collector a County Treasurer and every judge in the county except municipal judges who are appointed by the mayors and confirmed by city councils of their respective cities Many of the organs of the Harris County government reside in the Harris County Campus in Downtown Houston Economy Edit Hewlett Packard United States offices formerly headquarters of Compaq See also Economy of Houston In 2000 the largest employers in Harris County were Administaff Compaq Continental Airlines Memorial Hermann Healthcare System and Southwestern Bell 52 The University of Houston System s annual impact on the Houston area s economy as of 2011 equates to that of a major corporation 1 1 billion in new funds attracted annually to the Houston area 3 13 billion in total economic benefit and 24 000 local jobs generated 53 54 This is in addition to the over 12 500 new graduates the UH System produces every year who enter the workforce in Houston and throughout Texas These degree holders tend to stay in Houston after five years 80 5 of graduates are still living and working in the region 54 In 2009 20 of the office space in northwest Harris County was vacant As of that year more office space was being built in 2010 northwest Harris will have twice the amount of office space that it had in 2009 The vacancy rate in the area near Farm to Market Road 1960 and Texas State Highway 249 in north Harris County was 53 in 2009 55 Various companies are headquartered in incorporated and unincorporated areas throughout Harris County Academy Sports and Outdoors a sporting goods retailer has its corporate offices and product distribution center in unincorporated western Harris County 56 Hewlett Packard formerly operated its United States region office in a complex northwest unincorporated Harris County the complex formerly belonged to Compaq prior to Compaq s merger with HP 57 58 The HP offices which are now occupied by Hewlett Packard Enterprise are now in a limited purpose annexation in Houston 59 Smith International has its headquarters in the Greenspoint district and in an unincorporated area in Harris County 60 61 BJ Services Company has its headquarters in the Spring Branch district and in unincorporated Harris County 62 63 Cybersoft Technologies has its headquarters in an unincorporated area 64 In 2012 Noble Energy announced that it was consolidating its headquarters and two other Greater Houston offices into a 10 story building on the former Compaq headquarters property in unincorporated Harris County 65 In 2022 ExxonMobil announced it was moving its headquarters to Harris County from Irving Texas 66 Goya Foods previously had its Texas offices in an unincorporated area in the county 67 General Electric operates an aeroderivative division facility on Jacintoport in unincorporated Harris County 68 69 Randall s Food Markets a subsidiary of Safeway Inc has its distribution center in unincorporated Harris County 70 In 2008 KBR announced that it will open a new office facility in an unincorporated area in western Harris County 71 In December KBR said that it would not continue with the plans due to a weakened economy 72 In January 2009 KBR announced that it will not open the new office facility 73 Education EditPrimary and secondary schools Edit Harris County Department of Education Ronald W Reagan Building The Harris County Department of Education a county division overseeing education by local school districts with a 2011 budget around 100 million is headquartered in the Ronald W Reagan Building in the Northside district in Houston It has an Adult Education Center in the Northside and an office in the North Post Oak Building in Spring Branch 63 74 75 Several school districts serve Harris County communities Among the 26 districts are 76 Aldine ISD Alief ISD Channelview ISD Clear Creek ISD Crosby ISD Cypress Fairbanks ISD Dayton ISD Deer Park ISD Galena Park ISD Goose Creek CISD Houston ISD Huffman ISD Humble ISD Katy ISD Klein ISD La Porte ISD New Caney ISD Pasadena ISD Pearland ISD Sheldon ISD Spring ISD Spring Branch ISD Stafford MSD Tomball ISD Waller ISDOn July 1 2013 the North Forest Independent School District closed and its territory became a part of Houston ISD 77 In addition state operated charter schools are in the county Charter schools in unincorporated areas include Jamie s House Charter School 6 12 Richard Milburn Academy Houston high school Of Milburn Schools 78 YES Prep North Central of YES Prep Public SchoolsThe department of education of the county operates the Highpoint Schools 79 Colleges and universities Edit See also List of colleges and universities in Houston Ezekiel W Cullen Building at the University of Houston Rice University Sally Port Four separate and distinct state universities are located in Harris County The University of Houston is a nationally recognized Tier One research university and is the flagship institution of the University of Houston System 80 81 82 The third largest university in Texas 83 the University of Houston counted 43 774 fall 2016 84 students on its 667 acre campus in southeast Houston The University of Houston Clear Lake and the University of Houston Downtown are stand alone universities they are not branch campuses of the University of Houston Located in the historic community of Third Ward is Texas Southern University one of the largest historically black colleges and universities in the United States Several private institutions of higher learning ranging from liberal arts colleges to a nationally recognized research university are located within Harris County Rice University is one of the leading teaching and research universities of the United States and ranked the nation s 17th best overall university by U S News amp World Report 85 Four community college districts exist with campuses in and around Harris County 86 The Houston Community College System serves Houston ISD including the former North Forest ISD Katy ISD Spring Branch ISD Alief ISD and Stafford MSD This includes most of the City of Houston The Lone Star College System formerly North Harris Montgomery Community College District serves Aldine ISD Cypress Fairbanks ISD Tomball ISD Humble ISD and Klein ISD This constitutes the northwestern through northeastern parts of the county San Jacinto College serves Pasadena ISD Galena Park ISD Sheldon ISD Channelview ISD Deer Park ISD La Porte ISD and the Harris County part of Clear Creek ISD This constitutes southeastern and eastern portions of the county Lee College serves Goose Creek ISD Crosby ISD and Huffman ISD far east to northeast sectionsThe legislation does not specify which community college is for the Harris County portion of Waller ISD The Houston Community College and Lone Star College systems are within the 10 largest institutions of higher learning in the United States Public libraries Edit Harris County operates its own public library system the Harris County Public Library In addition Houston has the Houston Public Library a city controlled public library system The cities of Baytown Bellaire Deer Park and Pasadena have their own city controlled libraries Emergency services EditPolice services Edit The 1200 Jail the headquarters of the Harris County Sheriff s Office Little York Volunteer Fire Department Station 81Incorporated cities operate their own police departments though Harris County operates the Harris County Sheriff s Office which serves unincorporated areas and supplements police forces of incorporated areas Harris County also has a constable for each of its eight precincts and hundreds of deputies assigned to each They mainly serve in a patrol function established to maintain peace in the county as well as providing security to county buildings such as court houses and district attorney s offices Municipal fire EMS services Edit The Harris County Fire Marshal s Office operates an Investigative Branch an Emergency Response Branch Hazardous Materials Response and Prevention Branch Inspections The office is headquartered at 2318 Atascocita Road in an unincorporated area 87 Incorporated cities operate their own fire departments The city of Houston operates the Houston Fire Department which provides fire and emergency medical coverage to the city of Houston Emergency services districts Edit Areas outside of municipal city limits and some smaller municipalities have fire and emergency medical services provided by Emergency Service Districts distinct governmental units with the ability to levy property and sales taxes ESD s may provide fire service EMS service or both dual services and the services they provide determine the limits on their adoptable tax rate ESD s may provide services directly or may contract with an agency or agencies for services Additionally ESD s may overlap one another to ensure both fire and EMS services are provided ESD Type Provider Sales Tax Rate 2015 88 Property Tax Rate per 100 Valuation 2015 89 Harris County ESD 1 EMS Harris County Emergency Corps 90 10Harris County ESD 2 EMS South Lake Houston EMS 1 0280120Harris County ESD 4 4A Dual Huffman FD 1 2 10 10 Harris County ESD 5 EMS HCESD5 EMS 1 02Harris County ESD 6 EMS North Channel EMS 5 0089Harris County ESD 7 Fire Spring VFD 1 06545Harris County ESD 8 EMS Northwest EMS 91 10Harris County ESD 9 Dual Cy Fair FD 1 055Harris County ESD 10 Fire Eastex Fire Department 92 1 10Harris County ESD 11 93 EMS https esd11 com 04185Harris County ESD 12 Fire Cloverleaf Fire Department 5 03Harris County ESD 13 Fire Cypress Creek FD 08826Harris County ESD 14 Dual Highlands VFD 2 05Harris County ESD 15 Fire Tomball FD 1 05Harris County ESD 16 Fire Klein VFD 1 05Harris County ESD 17 Fire Little York VFD 1 10Harris County ESD 19 Fire Sheldon VFD 03Harris County ESD 20 Fire Northwest FD 1 10Harris County ESD 21 Dual Rosehill FD 1 10Harris County ESD 24 Fire Aldine Fire amp Rescue 10Harris County ESD 25 Fire Westfield FD 10Harris County ESD 28 Fire Ponderosa VFD 1 10Harris County ESD 29 Fire Champions FD 1 09032Harris County ESD 46 Dual Atascocita VFD 94 1 08Harris County ESD 47 Dual Westlake FD 1 095186Harris County ESD 48 95 Dual HCESD48 FD 1 089Harris County ESD 50 Dual Channelview FD 1 05Harris County ESD 60 Fire Sheldon VFD 1 05Harris County ESD 75 Dual Baytown FD 1 0875Harris County ESD 80 Fire Crosby FD 1 04178Harris Fort Bend ESD 100 Dual Community FD 1 07951Waller Harris ESD 200 96 Other Multiple Fire EMS Agencies 0995Hospital services EditWithin Harris County hospital services for the indigent and needy are provided by the Harris Health System Harris County Hospital District a separate governmental entity Harris Health System operates two hospitals LBJ General Hospital and Ben Taub General Hospital as well as many clinics and the former Quentin Mease Community Hospital Additionally numerous private and public hospitals operate in Harris County including institutions in Texas Medical Center and throughout the county for example the Harris County Psychiatric CenterTransportation Edit Harris County Annex M has the headquarters of the Harris County Transit agency 97 Metropolitan Transit Authority of Harris County Texas METRO serves several areas within Harris County An agency of the Harris County government Harris County Transit serves communities in Harris County that are not served by METRO 98 In Harris County the average one way commute for a person using an automobile was 25 minutes while the average commute for a person not using an automobile was 44 minutes a 76 longer duration than the figure for commuters with cars 99 Major highways Edit Interstate 10 a k a Katy Freeway going West or Baytown East Freeway going East Interstate 45 a k a North Freeway going North or Gulf Freeway going South Hardy Toll Road Fort Bend Toll Road Westpark Tollway Interstate 69 U S Highway 59 a k a Eastex Freeway going NE or Southwest Freeway going SW Interstate 610 a k a North Loop Freeway north of downtown Houston or West Loop Freeway west of downtown Houston or South Loop Freeway south of downtown Houston or East Loop Freeway east of downtown Houston U S Highway 90 a k a Crosby Freeway U S Highway 90 Alternate U S Highway 290 a k a Northwest Freeway State Highway 3 State Highway 6 State Highway 99 a k a Grand Parkway State Highway 146 State Highway 225 a k a La Porte Freeway State Highway 249 a k a Tomball Parkway going from Tomball and SE or Tomball Tollway going from Tomball and NW State Highway 288 a k a South Freeway Beltway 8 a k a Sam Houston Parkway east of I 45 in north Houston and north of I 10 east of Houston or Sam Houston Tollway west of I 45 in north Houston and south of I 10 east of HoustonMass transit Edit Many areas in Harris County are served by Metropolitan Transit Authority of Harris County Texas METRO a public transportation agency headquartered in Downtown Houston Some communities outside of METRO s service area such as Baytown Texas and Channelview Texas are served by Harris County Transit Intercity buses Edit Greyhound Bus Lines operates various stations throughout Harris County Airports Edit George Bush Intercontinental Airport Two commercial airports George Bush Intercontinental Airport and William P Hobby Airport are located in Houston and in Harris County The Houston Airport System defines Harris County as a part of Bush Intercontinental s service region 100 The city of Houston operates Ellington Field a general aviation and military airport in Harris County General aviation airports for fixed wing aircraft outside of Houston include Publicly owned La Porte Municipal Airport in La Porte Baytown Airport in unincorporated east Harris County north of Baytown Privately owned public use West Houston Airport is a general aviation airport located in unincorporated western Harris County west of the Houston city limits Dan Jones International Airport in unincorporated northwestern Harris County Weiser Air Park in unincorporated northern Harris County David Wayne Hooks Memorial Airport a general aviation airport is located outside of the Tomball city limits in unincorporated northwest Harris County Sack O Grande Acroport also known as Harbican Airport is located in western unincorporated Harris County Privately owned private use Hoffpauir Airport is located in western unincorporated Harris County See also Edit Texas portalHouston metropolitan area List of museums in the Texas Gulf Coast National Register of Historic Places listings in Harris County Texas North Channel Sentinel Recorded Texas Historic Landmarks in Harris County USNS Harris County T LST 822 References Edit a b 2020 Population and Housing State Data United States Census Bureau Retrieved August 12 2021 a b c d Henson Margaret Swett January 25 2018 June 15 2010 Harris County Handbook of Texas online ed Texas State Historical Association Harris County Texas Almanac Texas State Historical Association May 22 2015 Retrieved June 20 2015 July 1 2021 U S Census Bureau Estimates for Harris County Texas Maricopa County Added Over 222 People Per Day in 2016 More Than Any Other County Press release U S Census Bureau March 23 2017 Press Release Number CB17 44 a b Looscan Adele B October 1914 Harris County 1822 1845 The Southwestern Historical Quarterly 18 2 195 207 JSTOR 30234634 Sibley Marilyn McAdams June 12 2010 Clopper Nicholas Handbook of Texas online ed Texas State Historical Association Retrieved December 27 2017 Beazley Julia February 28 2017 June 15 2010 Harris John Richardson Handbook of Texas online ed Texas State Historical Association Looscan Adele B April 1928 The Pioneer Harrises of Harris County Texas The Southwestern Historical Quarterly 31 4 365 373 JSTOR 30242532 2010 Census Gazetteer Files United States Census Bureau August 22 2012 Retrieved April 28 2015 Census of Population and Housing from 1790 US Census Bureau Retrieved January 24 2022 Texas Almanac Population History of Counties from 1850 2010 PDF Texas Almanac Archived PDF from the original on October 9 2022 Retrieved April 28 2015 P2 HISPANIC OR LATINO AND NOT HISPANIC OR LATINO BY RACE 2010 DEC Redistricting Data PL 94 171 Harris County Texas United States Census Bureau a b c P2 HISPANIC OR LATINO AND NOT HISPANIC OR LATINO BY RACE 2020 DEC Redistricting Data PL 94 171 Harris County Texas United States Census Bureau U S Census website United States Census Bureau Retrieved January 31 2008 William H Frey May 2004 The New Great Migration Black Americans Return to the South 1965 to the present Archived April 28 2008 at the Wayback Machine Brookings Institution brookings edu Retrieved July 10 2017 Lee Renee C February 8 2013 Report shows Asians a growing force in Houston Houston Chronicle Property Taxes on Owner Occupied Housing by County 2005 2008 Ranked by Taxes as Percentage of Home Value Taxfoundation org September 28 2010 Retrieved January 14 2012 Harris County Texas 2020 Median Income Estimates U S Census Bureau Retrieved July 3 2022 2020 ACS Poverty Status data census gov Retrieved July 3 2022 Raise the alarm Two surveys point to the abysmal and deteriorating state of American children s well being Houston Chronicle February 22 2007 p B10 Rodriguez Lori September 18 2006 Immigrants confront barriers to English fluency Houston Chronicle p A1 Archived from the original on May 12 2012 Retrieved February 26 2018 2020 Language Statistics U S Census Bureau Retrieved July 3 2022 County Membership Report Harris County Texas The Association of Religion Data Archives 2010 Archived from the original on August 1 2020 Retrieved January 1 2020 Social Capital Variables Spreadsheet for 2014 PennState College of Agricultural Sciences Northeast Regional Center for Rural Development December 8 2017 Retrieved December 30 2019 a b County Government Structure Texas Association of Counties Ura Alexa November 11 2016 There s no shading it Harris County went undeniably blue The Texas Tribune Frosch Dan November 20 2018 How a Blue Wave Wiped Out Republicans in the Largest County in Texas The Wall Street Journal Retrieved November 20 2018 Leip David Dave Leip s Atlas of U S Presidential Elections uselectionatlas org Retrieved July 25 2018 a b c Turner Allen April 24 2013 Survey finds area growing in tolerant traditionalists Houston Chronicle Republican judges swept out by voters in Harris County election Houston Chronicle November 8 2018 Retrieved November 14 2018 Kinder Houston Area Survey 2018 Results Kinder Institute April 23 2018 Retrieved March 18 2019 Leip David Dave Leip s Atlas of U S Presidential Elections uselectionatlas org Retrieved July 25 2018 Gonzales J R August 23 2011 Crown jewel of Harris County government finally gets to shine Houston Chronicle Contact Information Archived July 25 2010 at the Wayback Machine Texas First Court of Appeals Retrieved on September 12 2011 NEW ADDRESS EFFECTIVE SEPTEMBER 3 2010 First Court of Appeals 301 Fannin Houston Texas 77002 2066 Contact Information Archived July 26 2010 at the Wayback Machine Texas Fourteenth Court of Appeals Retrieved on September 12 2011 NEW ADDRESS EFFECTIVE SEPTEMBER 3 2010 Fourteenth Court of Appeals 301 Fannin Suite 245 Houston Texas 77002 Contact Information Texas First Court of Appeals Retrieved on March 9 2010 Physical Location First Court of Appeals 1307 San Jacinto Street 10th Floor intersection of Clay and San Jacinto Streets Houston Texas Contact Information Texas Fourteenth Court of Appeals Retrieved on March 9 2010 Physical Location Fourteenth Court of Appeals 1307 San Jacinto 11th Floor Houston TX 77002 Harris County jail population reductions may be short lived if Judges new DA don t act responsibly Grits for Breakfast Blog September 14 2012 The 1200 Jail Archived February 23 2009 at the Wayback Machine Harris County Texas Accessed September 12 2008 The 1307 Jail Archived October 3 2008 at the Wayback Machine Harris County Texas Accessed September 12 2008 The 701 Jail Archived September 18 2008 at the Wayback Machine Harris County Texas Accessed September 12 2008 Taylor David County to purchase land for cemetery Lake Houston Sentinel September 2 2010 Retrieved on September 7 2010 The Harris County Housing Authority website 2010 Retrieved September 24 2010 Harris County Housing Authority Honored with Two NAHRO Awards of Merit for Model Housing Solutions Business Wire Reuters August 25 2008 Archived from the original on February 26 2018 Retrieved September 24 2010 Kegans HM Archived September 26 2008 at the Wayback Machine Texas Department of Criminal Justice Accessed September 12 2008 Saluting Employees January February 2003 Archived June 2 2008 at the Wayback Machine Texas Department of Criminal Justice Accessed September 12 2008 Lychner AJ Archived September 26 2008 at the Wayback Machine Texas Department of Criminal Justice Accessed September 12 2008 State Jail Evaluation Summary Report Kegans State Jail Texas Department of Criminal Justice October 2000 Retrieved on July 2 2010 SOUTH TEXAS XM Archived August 21 2008 at the Wayback Machine Texas Department of Criminal Justice Accessed September 12 2008 a b Land David September 6 2018 Report Harris County Should Consolidate Law Enforcement Duties Houston Public Media Retrieved September 11 2018 Appendix A Overview of Law Enforcement Agencies Collaborations and Overlapping Services in Harris County Law Enforcement Archived September 8 2018 at the Wayback Machine Rice University Kinder Institute for Urban Research September 2018 Retrieved on September 11 2018 p Largest Employers in Harris County Houston Business Journal Friday June 16 2000 Retrieved on February 16 2010 TRESAUGUE Matthew May 17 2006 Study suggests UH degrees are crucial economic factor Houston Chronicle Retrieved May 31 2011 a b The Economic Impact of Higher Education on Houston A Case Study of the University of Houston System PDF University of Houston System Archived from the original PDF on July 20 2011 Retrieved May 14 2011 McGuire Lee More Houston office space sitting empty Archived July 23 2011 at the Wayback Machine Texas Cable News Friday January 23 2009 Retrieved on November 13 2009 Contact Academy Sports amp Outdoors Archived January 5 2010 at the Wayback Machine Academy Sports and Outdoors Accessed September 5 2008 HP Office Locations Hewlett Packard Accessed September 6 2008 Compaq Offices Worldwide December 25 1996 Compaq Accessed September 6 2008 Compare the full street address to the map Contact Sales of Support Hewlett Packard Enterprise Retrieved February 3 2022 WW Corporate Headquarters Houston TX United States 11445 Compaq Center Drive West Houston Texas 77070 Map of the Houston city limits Detail of the area where the HP Buildings resides Welcome to SMITH Archived January 27 2010 at the Wayback Machine Smith International Retrieved on December 8 2009 Boundary Map Archived October 19 2010 at the Wayback Machine Greenspoint Management District Retrieved on May 19 2009 Global Locations BJ Services Company July 3 2007 Retrieved on December 8 2009 a b Boundary Map permanent dead link Spring Branch Management District Retrieved on December 8 2009 Contact Us Archived January 1 2011 at the Wayback Machine Cybersoft Technologies Retrieved on March 27 2011 Cybersoft Technologies Inc 4422 FM 1960 West Suite No 300 Houston TX 77068 3411 Noble Energy to move HQ to former HP building Houston Business Journal January 20 2012 Retrieved on January 22 2012 Takahashi Paul January 31 2022 Exxon to move headquarters to Houston from Dallas area Irving Houston Chronicle Retrieved January 31 2022 Contact Us Archive Goya Foods April 24 2011 Retrieved on March 26 2016 Goya Foods of Texas 5750 Brittmoore Road Houston TX 77041 GE Energy to provide LM2500 Gas turbine for south african power plant permanent dead link General Electric February 23 2006 Retrieved on April 24 2009 Medical Centers U S General Electric Retrieved on April 24 2009 Distribution Centers Archived July 15 2011 at the Wayback Machine Safeway Inc 2 Retrieved on May 13 2010 KBR Announces Plan for West Houston Campus Location Archived January 2 2010 at the Wayback Machine KBR May 2 2008 Sarnoff Nancy Economic crunch undercuts real estate projects Houston Chronicle January 3 2009 Retrieved on January 21 2009 KBR scuttles West Houston expansion Houston Business Journal Wednesday January 27 2010 Modified Thursday January 28 2010 Retrieved on January 28 2010 Contact Us Harris County Department of Education Retrieved on May 30 2009 Greater Northside Management District Archived November 4 2009 at the Wayback Machine Greater Northside Management District Retrieved on May 30 2009 2020 CENSUS SCHOOL DISTRICT REFERENCE MAP Harris County TX PDF U S Census Bureau Archived PDF from the original on October 9 2022 Retrieved June 29 2022 Text list Barajas Erik North Forest ISD officially closes today Archived December 27 2013 at the Wayback Machine KTRK TV July 1 2013 Retrieved on July 1 2013 Richard Milburn Academy Suburban Houston Houston Texas TX School overview Greatschools net September 7 2010 Retrieved January 14 2012 Highpoint Schools and Academic amp Behavior Centers East and West ABC E and ABC E Harris County Department of Education Retrieved on July 17 2011 Bonnin Richard Carnegie Foundation Gives University of Houston its Highest Classification for Research Success Elevating UH to Tier One Status University of Houston Retrieved February 8 2011 UH achieves Tier One status in research Houston Business Journal January 21 2011 Retrieved July 6 2011 UH takes big step up to Tier One status Houston Chronicle January 18 2011 Retrieved July 6 2011 Khator Renu October 4 2011 State of the University Fall 2011 PDF University of Houston Archived from the original PDF on October 27 2011 Retrieved October 5 2011 Kever Jeannie August 21 2017 UH Welcomes Record Number of Students for Fall 2017 University of Houston Retrieved December 29 2017 Rice University Best Colleges 2009 U S News amp World Report Archived from the original on February 16 2009 Retrieved March 27 2009 EDUCATION CODE CHAPTER 130 JUNIOR COLLEGE DISTRICTS statutes capitol texas gov About the Harris County Fire Marshal s Office Archived June 16 2009 at the Wayback Machine Harris County Fire Marshal s Office Retrieved on May 22 2009 Special Purpose District Archived from the original on April 24 2016 Retrieved April 20 2016 Harris County Tax Office Harris County Emergency Corps hcec com Home Eastex Fire Department Just another WordPress site Archived from the original on April 24 2016 Retrieved April 20 2016 Harris County ESD 11 911 Ambulance Provider serving Spring TX Atascocita Fire Department www avfd com Welcome to Harris County Emergency Services District No 48 Waller Harris ESD 200 Vendor Registration Archived June 16 2010 at the Wayback Machine Harris County Transit Retrieved on January 15 2010 Welcome To The Harris County Transit Services Division Archived September 21 2009 at the Wayback Machine Harris County Transit Retrieved on January 15 2010 Feldstein Dan Kolker Claudia June 15 1997 Carless in Houston Going carless View is different from the slow lane Houston Chronicle Archived from the original on May 3 2012 Retrieved August 8 2011 Master Plan Executive Summary Archived July 11 2011 at the Wayback Machine George Bush Intercontinental Airport Master Plan Houston Airport System December 2006 2 1 23 130 Retrieved on December 14 2010 External links Edit Wikimedia Commons has media related to Harris County Texas Harris County government s website The Handbook of Texas Online Harris County Account of the early days of Harris County 1824 1838 from Indian Wars and Pioneers of Texas by John Henry Brown hosted by The Portal to Texas History Accepted design illustration of Court House from the University of Houston Digital Library 1920 1924 Coordinates 29 52 N 95 23 W 29 86 N 95 39 W 29 86 95 39 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Harris County Texas amp oldid 1145883274, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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