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Francis Ford Coppola

January 26, 2023

Francis Ford Coppola (/ˈkoʊpələ/;[1][2][3] Italian: [ˈkɔppola]; born April 7, 1939)[4] is an American film director, producer, and screenwriter. He is considered one of the major figures of the New Hollywood filmmaking movement of the 1960s and 1970s.[5] Coppola is the recipient of five Academy Awards, six Golden Globe Awards, two Palmes d'Or, and a British Academy Film Award (BAFTA).

Francis Ford Coppola
Coppola at the 2011 San Diego Comic-Con
Born (1939-04-07) April 7, 1939 (age 83)
Detroit, Michigan, U.S.
Alma mater
Occupations
  • Film director
  • producer
  • screenwriter
Years active1962–present
Notable workThe Godfather
The Conversation
Apocalypse Now
Patton
Political partyDemocratic
Spouse
​
(m. 1963)​
Children
Parents
Relatives
FamilyCoppola
Signature

After directing The Rain People in 1969, Coppola co-wrote Patton (1970), which earned him the Academy Award for Best Original Screenplay along with Edmund H. North. Coppola's reputation as a filmmaker was cemented with the release of The Godfather (1972), which revolutionized the gangster genre[6] of filmmaking, receiving strong commercial and critical reception. The Godfather won three Academy Awards: Best Picture, Best Actor, and Best Adapted Screenplay (shared with Mario Puzo). His film The Godfather Part II (1974) became the first sequel to win the Academy Award for Best Picture. Highly regarded by critics, the film gained Coppola three more Academy Awards: Best Adapted Screenplay, Best Director, and Best Picture, making him the second director (after Billy Wilder) to win these three awards for the same film.

Also in 1974, he released the thriller The Conversation, which received the Palme d'Or at the Cannes Film Festival. His next film, the war epic Apocalypse Now (1979), which had a notoriously lengthy and strenuous production, was widely acclaimed for vividly depicting the Vietnam War. It also won the Palme d'Or, making Coppola one of only nine filmmakers to have won the award twice. Other notable films Coppola has released since the start of the 1980s include the dramas The Outsiders and Rumble Fish (both 1983), The Cotton Club (1984), Peggy Sue Got Married (1986), The Godfather Part III (1990), Bram Stoker's Dracula (1992), and The Rainmaker (1997).

Many of Coppola's relatives and children have become popular actors and filmmakers in their own right: his sister Talia Shire is an actress, his daughter Sofia is a director, his son Roman is a screenwriter, and his nephews Jason Schwartzman and Nicolas Cage are actors. Coppola resides in Napa, California, and since the 2010s has been a vintner, owning a family-branded winery and a winery of his own.[7]

Early life and education

Francis Ford Coppola was born in Detroit, Michigan, to father Carmine Coppola (1910–1991),[8] a flutist with the Detroit Symphony Orchestra, and mother Italia Coppola (née Pennino; 1912–2004). He was born into a family of Italian immigrants. His paternal grandparents came to the United States from Bernalda, Basilicata.[9] His maternal grandfather, popular Italian composer Francesco Pennino, emigrated from Naples, Italy.[10] At the time of Coppola's birth, his father—in addition to being a flutist—was an arranger and assistant orchestra director for The Ford Sunday Evening Hour, an hour-long concert music radio series sponsored by the Ford Motor Company.[11][12] Coppola was born at Henry Ford Hospital, and those two connections to Henry Ford inspired the Coppolas to choose the middle name "Ford" for their son.[13][14]

Francis is the middle of three children: his older brother was August Coppola and his younger sister is actress Talia Shire.[9]

Two years after Coppola's birth, his father was named principal flutist for the NBC Symphony Orchestra, and the family moved to New York. They settled in Woodside, Queens, where Coppola spent the remainder of his childhood.

Having contracted polio as a boy, Coppola was bedridden for large periods of his childhood, during which he did homemade puppet theater productions. He developed an interest in theater after reading A Streetcar Named Desire at age 15.[15] He created 8 mm feature films edited from home movies with titles such as The Rich Millionaire and The Lost Wallet.[16] Although Coppola was a mediocre student, his interest in technology and engineering earned him the childhood nickname "Science".[17] He trained initially for a career in music and became proficient in the tuba, eventually earning a music scholarship to the New York Military Academy.[16] In all, Coppola attended 23 schools[18] before he eventually graduated from Great Neck North High School.[19]

He entered Hofstra College in 1955 as a theater arts major. There, he was awarded a scholarship in playwriting. This furthered his interest in directing theater, though his father disapproved and wanted him to study engineering.[15] Coppola was profoundly impressed by Sergei Eisenstein's film October: Ten Days That Shook the World, especially the quality of its editing, and decided to pursue cinema rather than theater.[15] He said he was influenced to become a writer by his brother August.[18] Coppola also credits the work of Elia Kazan for influencing him as a writer and director.[18] Coppola's classmates at Hofstra included James Caan, Lainie Kazan, and radio artist Joe Frank.[19][20] He later cast Lainie Kazan in One from the Heart and Caan in The Rain People, The Godfather, and Gardens of Stone.

While pursuing his bachelor's degree, Coppola was elected president of the university's drama group The Green Wig, and its musical comedy club, the Kaleidoscopians. He merged the two groups into The Spectrum Players, and under his leadership, the group staged a new production each week. Coppola also founded the cinema workshop at Hofstra and contributed prolifically to the campus literary magazine.[16] He won three D. H. Lawrence Awards for theatrical production and direction and received a Beckerman Award for his outstanding contributions to the school's theater arts division.[21] While a graduate student, Coppola studied under professor Dorothy Arzner, whose encouragement was later acknowledged as pivotal to Coppola's career.[15]

Career

1960s

After earning his theater arts degree from Hofstra in 1960, Coppola enrolled in UCLA Film School.[16][22] There, he directed a short horror film, The Two Christophers, inspired by Edgar Allan Poe's "William Wilson" and Ayamonn the Terrible, a film about a sculptor's nightmares coming to life.[17] He also met undergraduate film major Jim Morrison, future frontman of The Doors. Coppola later used Morrison's song "The End" in Apocalypse Now.[23]

In the early 1960s, Coppola made $10 a week.[24] Looking for a way to earn some extra money, he found that many colleagues from film school made money filming erotic productions known as "nudie-cuties" or "skin flicks", which showed nudity without implying any sexual act.[25]

At 21, Coppola wrote the script for The Peeper, a comedy short film about a voyeur who tries to spy on a sensual photo shoot in the studio next to his apartment. Coppola found an interested producer, who gave him $3,000 to shoot the film. He hired Playboy Bunny Marli Renfro to play the model and had his friend Karl Schanzer to play the voyeur. With The Peeper finished, Coppola found that the cartoonish aspects of the film alienated potential buyers, who did not find the 12-minute short exciting enough to screen in adult theaters.[26]

After much rejection, Coppola received an opportunity from Premier Pictures Company, a small production company that invested in an adult production called The Wide Open Spaces, an erotic western written and directed by Jerry Schafer, which had been shelved for more than a year. Both Schafer's film and The Peeper featured Marli Renfro, so the producers paid Coppola $500 to combine the two films. After Coppola re-edited the picture, it was released in 1962 as the softcore comedy Tonight for Sure.[26]

Another production company, Screen Rite Pictures, hired Coppola to do a similar job: re-cutting a German film titled Mit Eva fing die Sünde an [de] (Sin Began with Eve), directed by Fritz Umgelter. Coppola added new color footage with British model June Wilkinson and other nude starlets.[27] The re-edited film was released as The Bellboy and the Playgirls.

Some years later, Roger Corman hired Coppola as an assistant. Corman first tasked Coppola with dubbing and re-editing the Soviet science fiction film Nebo zovyot, which Coppola turned into the sex-and-violence monster movie Battle Beyond the Sun, which was released in 1962.[19] Impressed by Coppola's perseverance and dedication, Corman hired him as a dialogue director for Tower of London (1962), sound man for The Young Racers (1963) and associate producer and one of many uncredited directors for The Terror (1963).[21]

Dementia 13 (1963)

Main article: Dementia 13

Coppola's first feature-length film was Dementia 13 (1963). While on location in Ireland for The Young Racers in 1963, Corman persuaded Coppola to use that film's leftover funds to make a low-budget horror movie.[21] Coppola wrote a brief draft in one night, incorporating elements from Hitchcock's Psycho,[28] and the result impressed Corman enough to give the go-ahead. On a budget of $40,000 ($20,000 from Corman and $20,000 from another producer who wanted to buy the movie's English rights),[28] Coppola directed Dementia 13 over the course of nine days. The film recouped its expenses and later became a cult film among horror buffs. It was on the set of Dementia 13 that Coppola met his future wife, Eleanor Jessie Neil.

In 1965, Coppola won the annual Samuel Goldwyn Award for best screenplay (Pilma, Pilma) written by a UCLA student.[16] The honor secured him a job as a scriptwriter with Seven Arts. During this time, Coppola also co-wrote the scripts for This Property Is Condemned (1966) and Is Paris Burning? (1966).

You're a Big Boy Now (1966)

Main article: You're a Big Boy Now

Coppola bought the rights to the David Benedictus novel You're a Big Boy Now and merged it with a story idea of his own, resulting in his UCLA thesis project You're a Big Boy Now (1966), which earned Coppola his Master of Fine Arts Degree from UCLA School of Theater, Film and Television in 1967.[21][29] The film also received a theatrical release via Warner Bros and earned critical acclaim.[19] Geraldine Page was nominated for an Oscar and a Golden Globe Award for her performance.

Finian's Rainbow (1968)

Main article: Finian's Rainbow (1968 film)

Following the success of You're a Big Boy Now, Coppola was offered to work on movie version of the Broadway musical Finian's Rainbow, starring Petula Clark in her first American film and veteran Fred Astaire. Producer Jack L. Warner was not impressed by Coppola's shaggy-haired, bearded, "hippie" appearance and generally left him to his own devices. Coppola took the cast to the Napa Valley for much of the outdoor shooting, but those scenes were in sharp contrast to those filmed on a Hollywood soundstage, resulting in a disjointed look to the film. Dealing with outdated material at a time when the popularity of film musicals was already waning, Clark received a Golden Globe Best Actress nomination. The film introduced Coppola to George Lucas, who became his lifelong friend as well as a production assistant in his next film The Rain People in 1969.

The Rain People (1969)

Main article: The Rain People

The Rain People was written, directed, and initially produced by Coppola himself, though as the movie advanced, he exceeded his budget and the studio had to underwrite the remainder of the movie.[19] The film won the Golden Shell at the 1969 San Sebastian Film Festival.

In 1969, Coppola wanted to subvert the studio system, which he felt had stifled his visions, intending to produce mainstream pictures to finance off-beat projects and give first-time directors a chance. He decided name his future studio "Zoetrope" after receiving a gift of zoetropes from Mogens Scot-Hansen, founder of a studio called Lanterna Film and owner of a famous collection of early motion picture-making equipment. While touring Europe, Coppola was introduced to alternative filmmaking equipment and, inspired by the bohemian spirit of Lanterna Film, decided he would build a deviant studio that would conceive and implement unconventional approaches to filmmaking. Upon his return home, Coppola and George Lucas searched for a mansion in Marin County to house the studio. However, in 1969, with equipment flowing in and no mansion found yet, the first home for Zoetrope Studio became a warehouse in San Francisco on Folsom Street.[30] The studio went on to become an early adopter of digital filmmaking, including some of the earliest uses of HDTV. In his 1968 book The American Cinema, Andrew Sarris wrote, "[Coppola] is probably the first reasonably talented and sensibly adaptable directorial talent to emerge from a university curriculum in film-making ... [He] may be heard from more decisively in the future."[31]

1970s

 
Coppola in 1976

Coppola was at the forefront of a group of filmmakers known as "New Hollywood" that emerged in the early 1970s, with ideas that challenged conventional filmmaking. The group included Steven Spielberg, Martin Scorsese, Brian De Palma, Terrence Malick, Robert Altman, Woody Allen, William Friedkin, Philip Kaufman, and George Lucas.[19][32]

Patton (1970)

Main article: Patton (film)

Coppola co-wrote the script for Patton in 1970 along with Edmund H. North. This earned him his first Academy Award for Best Original Screenplay. However, it was not easy for Coppola to convince Franklin J. Schaffner that the opening scene would work. Coppola later revealed in an interview,[33]

I wrote the script of Patton. And the script was very controversial when I wrote it, because they thought it was so stylized. It was supposed to be like, sort of, you know, The Longest Day. And my script of Patton was—I was sort of interested in the reincarnation. And I had this very bizarre opening where he stands up in front of an American flag and gives this speech. Ultimately, I wasn't fired, but I was fired, meaning that when the script was done, they said, "Okay, thank you very much," and they went and hired another writer and that script was forgotten. And I remember very vividly this long, kind of being raked over the coals for this opening scene.

When the title role was offered to George C. Scott, he remembered having read Coppola's screenplay earlier. He stated flatly that he would accept the part only if they used Coppola's script. "Scott is the one who resurrected my version," said Coppola.[34]

The movie opens with Scott's rendering of Patton's famous military "Pep Talk" to members of the Third Army, set against a huge American flag. Coppola and North had to tone down Patton's actual language to avoid an R rating; in the opening monologue, the word "fornicating" replaced "fucking" when criticizing The Saturday Evening Post. Over the years, this opening monologue has become an iconic scene and has spawned parodies in numerous films, political cartoons, and television shows.

The Godfather (1972)

Main article: The Godfather

The release of The Godfather in 1972 was a cinematic milestone. The near three hour-long epic, a film treatment of Mario Puzo's New York Times-bestselling novel The Godfather, chronicling the saga of the Corleone family, received overwhelmingly positive reviews from critics and got Coppola the Academy Award for Best Adapted Screenplay, which he shared with Mario Puzo, as well as Golden Globe Awards for Best Director and Best Screenplay. However, Coppola faced several difficulties while filming. He was not Paramount's first choice to direct the movie; Italian director Sergio Leone was initially offered the job but declined in order to direct his own gangster opus, Once Upon a Time in America.[35] Robert Evans wanted the picture to be directed by an Italian American to make the film "ethnic to the core".[36][37] Evans' chief assistant Peter Bart suggested Coppola, as a director of Italian ancestry who would work for a low sum and budget after the poor reception of his latest film The Rain People.[38][36] Coppola initially turned down the job because he found Puzo's novel sleazy and sensationalist, describing it as "pretty cheap stuff".[39][40] At the time, Coppola's studio American Zoetrope owed over $400,000 to Warner Bros. for budget overruns in the film THX 1138 and, when coupled with his poor financial standing, along with advice from friends and family, Coppola reversed his initial decision and took the job.[41][42][43] Coppola was officially announced as director of the film on September 28, 1970.[44] He agreed to receive $125,000 and six percent of the gross rentals.[45][46] Coppola later found a deeper theme for the material and decided it should be not just be a film about organized crime, but also a family chronicle and a metaphor for capitalism in America.[36] There was disagreement between Paramount and Coppola on casting; Coppola wanted to cast Marlon Brando as Vito Corleone, though Paramount wanted either Ernest Borgnine or Danny Thomas. At one point, Coppola was told by the then-president of Paramount that "Marlon Brando will never appear in this motion picture." After pleading with the executives, Coppola was allowed to cast Brando only if he appeared in the film for much less money than his previous films, would perform a screen test, and put up a bond saying that he would not cause a delay in the production (as he had done on previous film sets).[47] Coppola chose Brando over Ernest Borgnine on the basis of Brando's screen test, which also won over the Paramount leadership. Brando later won an Academy Award for his portrayal, which he refused to accept. Coppola would later recollect:[28]

The Godfather was a very unappreciated movie when we were making it. They were very unhappy with it. They didn't like the cast. They didn't like the way I was shooting it. I was always on the verge of getting fired. So it was an extremely nightmarish experience. I had two little kids, and the third one was born during that. We lived in a little apartment, and I was basically frightened that they didn't like it. They had as much as said that, so when it was all over I wasn't at all confident that it was going to be successful, and that I'd ever get another job.

After it was released, the film received widespread praise. It went on to win multiple awards, including the Academy Award for Best Picture and the Academy Award for Best Adapted Screenplay for Coppola. The film routinely features at the top in various polls for the greatest movies ever. It was selected for preservation in the United States National Film Registry, and was ranked third, behind Citizen Kane and Casablanca, on the initial AFI's 100 Years...100 Movies list by the American Film Institute in 1997. It was moved up to second when the list was published again in 2007.[48] Director Stanley Kubrick believed that The Godfather was possibly the greatest movie ever made and certainly the best-cast.[49]

The Conversation (1974)

Main article: The Conversation

Coppola's next film, The Conversation, further cemented his position as one of the most talented auteurs of Hollywood.[50] The movie was partly influenced by Michelangelo Antonioni's Blowup (1966)[51] and generated much interest when news leaked that the film utilized the very same surveillance and wire-tapping equipment that members of the Nixon administration used to spy on political opponents prior to the Watergate scandal. Coppola insisted that this was purely coincidental, as the script for The Conversation was completed in the mid-1960s (before the election of Richard Nixon) and the spying equipment used in the film was developed through research and use of technical advisers and not by newspaper stories about the Watergate break-in. However, the audience interpreted the film as a reaction to both the Watergate scandal and its fallout. The movie was a critical success and got Coppola his first Palme d'Or at the 1974 Cannes Film Festival.

The Great Gatsby (1974)

Main article: The Great Gatsby (1974 film)

During the filming of The Conversation, Coppola wrote the screenplay for The Great Gatsby. However, in the commentary track to the DVD of The Godfather, Coppola states, "I don't think that script was [actually] made."[52]

The Godfather Part II (1974)

Main article: The Godfather Part II

Coppola shot The Godfather Part II in parallel to The Conversation. It was the last major American motion picture to be filmed in Technicolor. George Lucas commented on the film after its five-hour-long preview, telling Coppola, "You have two films. Take one away, it doesn't work," referring to the movie's portrayal of two parallel storylines, one of a young Vito Corleone and the other of his son Michael. In the director's commentary on the DVD edition of the film (released in 2002), Coppola states that this film was the first major motion picture to use "Part II" in its title. Paramount was initially opposed to his decision to name the movie The Godfather Part II. According to Coppola, the studio's objection stemmed from the belief that audiences would be reluctant to see a film with such a title, as the audience would supposedly believe that, having already seen The Godfather, there was little reason to see an addition to the original film. However, the success of The Godfather Part II began the Hollywood tradition of numbered sequels. The movie was released in 1974 and went on to receive tremendous critical acclaim, with many deeming it superior to its predecessor.[53] It was nominated for 11 Academy Awards and received six Oscars, including three for Coppola: Best Picture, Best Adapted Screenplay, and Best Director.

The Godfather Part II is ranked as the No. 1 greatest movie of all time in TV Guide's "50 Best Movies of All Time"[54] and is ranked at No. 7 on Entertainment Weekly's list of the "100 Greatest Movies of All Time".[55] The film is also featured on movie critic Leonard Maltin's list of the "100 Must-See Films of the 20th Century"[56] as well as Roger Ebert's "Great Movies" list.[57] It was also featured on Sight & Sound's list of the ten greatest films of all time in 2002, ranking at No. 4.[58]

Coppola was the third director to have two nominations for Best Picture in the same year. Victor Fleming was the first in 1939 with Gone with the Wind and The Wizard of Oz; Alfred Hitchcock repeated the feat the next year with Foreign Correspondent and Rebecca. Since Coppola, two other directors have done the same: Herbert Ross in 1977 with The Goodbye Girl and The Turning Point, and Steven Soderbergh in 2000 with Erin Brockovich and Traffic. Coppola, however, is the only one to have produced the pictures nominated.

Apocalypse Now (1979)

Main article: Apocalypse Now

Following the success of The Godfather, The Conversation, and The Godfather Part II, Coppola began filming Apocalypse Now, an adaptation of Joseph Conrad's Heart of Darkness set in Cambodia during the Vietnam War. Coppola himself briefly cameos as a TV news director. The production of the film was plagued by numerous problems, including typhoons, nervous breakdowns, the firing of Harvey Keitel, Martin Sheen's heart attack, and extras from the Philippine military and half of the supplied helicopters leaving in the middle of scenes to fight rebels. It was delayed so often it was nicknamed Apocalypse When?[59] The 1991 documentary film Hearts of Darkness: A Filmmaker's Apocalypse, directed by Francis's wife, Eleanor Coppola, who was present through the production, Fax Bahr, and George Hickenlooper, chronicles the difficulties the crew went through making Apocalypse Now and features behind-the-scenes footage filmed by Eleanor. After filming Apocalypse Now, Coppola famously stated,[60] "We were in the jungle, there were too many of us, we had access to too much money, too much equipment and little by little, we went insane."

The film was overwhelmingly praised by critics when it finally released in 1979 and was selected for the 1979 Cannes Film Festival, winning the Palme d'Or along with The Tin Drum, directed by Volker Schlöndorff. When the film screened at Cannes, Coppola quipped,[59] "My film is not about Vietnam, it is Vietnam." Apocalypse Now's reputation has grown in time and it is now regarded by many as a masterpiece of the New Hollywood era and is frequently cited as one of the greatest movies ever made.[19][61][62][63] Roger Ebert considered it to be the finest film on the Vietnam War and included it in his list for the 2002 Sight & Sound critics' poll of the greatest movies ever made.[64][65]

In 2001 Coppola re-released Apocalypse Now as Apocalypse Now Redux, restoring several sequences lost from the original 1979 cut of the film, thereby expanding its length to 200 minutes. In 2019 Coppola re-released Apocalypse Now once more as Apocalypse Now (Final Cut), claiming that version to be his favorite.

1980s

One from the Heart (1982)

 
Coppola (left) and Petro Vlahos

Apocalypse Now marked the end of the 'golden phase' of Coppola's career.[19] His 1982 musical fantasy One from the Heart, although pioneering the use of video-editing techniques that are standard practice in the film industry today, ended with a disastrous box-office gross of US$636,796 against a $26-million budget,[66] and he was forced to sell the 23-acre Zoetrope Studio in 1983.[21] He would spend the rest of the decade working to pay off his debts. Zoetrope Studios finally filed for Chapter 11 bankruptcy in 1990, after which its name was changed to American Zoetrope.[19]

The Outsiders (1983)

In 1983, he directed The Outsiders, a film adaptation of the novel of the same name by S. E. Hinton. Coppola credited his inspiration for making the film to a suggestion from middle school students who had read the novel. The Outsiders is notable for being the breakout film for a number of young actors who would go on to become major stars. These included major roles for Matt Dillon, Ralph Macchio, and C. Thomas Howell. Also in the cast were Patrick Swayze, Rob Lowe (in his film debut), Emilio Estevez, Diane Lane, and Tom Cruise. Matt Dillon and several others also starred in Coppola's related film Rumble Fish, which was also based on an S. E. Hinton novel and filmed at the same time as The Outsiders on-location in Tulsa, Oklahoma. Carmine Coppola wrote and edited the musical score, including the title song "Stay Gold", which was based upon a famous Robert Frost poem and performed for the movie by Stevie Wonder. The film was a moderate box-office success, grossing $25 million[67] against a $10 million budget.

Rumble Fish (1983)

That same year, he directed Rumble Fish, based on the novel of the same name by S. E. Hinton, who also co-wrote the screenplay. Shot in black-and-white as an homage to German expressionist films, Rumble Fish centers on the relationship between a revered former gang leader (Mickey Rourke) and his younger brother, Rusty James (Matt Dillon). The film bombed at the box office, earning a meager $2.5 million against a $10 million budget and once again aggravating Coppola's financial troubles.[68]

The Cotton Club (1984)

In 1984, Coppola directed the Robert Evans-produced The Cotton Club. The film was nominated for several awards, including the Golden Globes for Best Director and Best Picture (Drama) and Oscars for Best Film Editing and Best Art-Direction. However, the film failed miserably at the box-office, earning only $25.9 million of the $47.9 million privately invested by brothers Fred and Ed Doumani.[50]

The same year, he directed an episode of Shelley Duvall's Faerie Tale Theatre entitled "Rip Van Winkle" (based on the short story), where Harry Dean Stanton played the lead role.[69]

In 1986, Coppola directed Captain EO, a 17-minute space fantasy for Disney theme parks executive produced by George Lucas, starring singer Michael Jackson.[70]

Peggy Sue Got Married (1986)

Also in 1986, Coppola released the comedy Peggy Sue Got Married starring Kathleen Turner, Coppola's nephew Nicolas Cage, and Jim Carrey. Much like The Outsiders and Rumble Fish, Peggy Sue Got Married centered around teenage youth. The film earned Coppola positive feedback and provided Kathleen Turner her first and only Oscar nomination. It was Coppola's first box-office success since The Outsiders[71] and the film ranked number 17 on Entertainment Weekly's list of "50 Best High School Movies".[72]

The following year, Coppola re-teamed with James Caan for Gardens of Stone, but the film was overshadowed by the death of Coppola's eldest son Gian-Carlo during the film's production. The movie was not a critical success and underperformed commercially, earning only $5.6 million against a $13 million budget.[73]

Coppola directed Tucker: The Man and His Dream the year after that. Being a biopic based on the life of Preston Tucker and his attempt to produce and market the Tucker '48, Coppola had originally conceived the project as a musical with Marlon Brando leading after the release of The Godfather Part II. Ultimately, it was Jeff Bridges who played the role of Preston Tucker. Budgeted at $24 million, the film received positive reviews and earned three nominations at the 62nd Academy Awards, but grossed a disappointing $19.65 million at the box office. It garnered two awards: Martin Landau won the Golden Globe for Best Supporting Actor and Dean Tavoularis took BAFTA's honors for Best Production Design.

New York Stories (1989)

In 1989, Coppola teamed up with fellow Oscar-winning directors Martin Scorsese and Woody Allen for an anthology film called New York Stories. Coppola directed the "Life Without Zoë" segment, starring his sister Talia Shire, and also co-wrote the film with his daughter Sofia. "Life Without Zoë" was mostly panned by critics and was generally considered to be the segment that brought the film's overall quality down.[74][75] Hal Hinson of The Washington Post wrote a particularly scathing review, stating that "It's impossible to know what Francis Coppola's Life Without Zoë is. Co-written with his daughter Sofia, the film is a mystifying embarrassment; it's by far the director's worst work yet."[76]

1990s

The Godfather Part III (1990)

Main article: The Godfather Part III
 
Coppola at the 1996 Cannes Film Festival

In 1990, he released the third and final chapter of The Godfather series: The Godfather Part III. Coppola felt that the first two films had told the complete Corleone saga. Coppola intended Part III to be an epilogue to the first two films.[77] In his audio commentary for Part II, he stated that only a dire financial situation caused by the failure of One from the Heart (1982) compelled him to take up Paramount's long-standing offer to make a third installment.[78] Coppola and Puzo preferred the title The Death of Michael Corleone, but Paramount Pictures found that unacceptable.[77] While not as critically acclaimed as the first two films,[79][80][81] it was still commercially successful, earning $136 million against a $54 million budget.[82] Some reviewers criticized the casting of Coppola's daughter Sofia, who stepped into the leading role of Mary Corleone, which was abandoned by Winona Ryder just as filming began.[79] Despite this, The Godfather Part III went on to gather 7 Academy Award nominations, including Best Director and Best Picture. The film failed to win any of these awards, which made it the only film in the trilogy to do so.

In September 2020, for the film's 30th anniversary, it was announced that a new cut of the film titled Mario Puzo's The Godfather, Coda: The Death of Michael Corleone would have a limited theatrical release in December 2020 followed by digital and Blu-ray.[83] Coppola said the film is the version he and Puzo had originally envisioned, and it "vindicates" its status among the trilogy and his daughter Sofia's performance.[84][85]

Bram Stoker's Dracula (1992)

Main article: Bram Stoker's Dracula (1992 film)

In 1992 Coppola directed and produced Bram Stoker's Dracula. Adapted from Bram Stoker's novel, it was intended to follow the book more closely than previous film adaptations.[86] Coppola cast Gary Oldman as the titular role, with Keanu Reeves, Winona Ryder, and Anthony Hopkins in supporting roles. The movie became a box-office hit, grossing $82,522,790 domestically, making it the 15th highest-grossing film of the year.[87] It fared even better out of the country, grossing $133,339,902 for a total worldwide gross of $215,862,692 against a budget of $40 million,[88] making it the 9th highest-grossing film of the year worldwide.[89] The film won Academy Awards for Costume Design, Makeup and Sound Editing.

Jack (1996)

Main article: Jack (1996 film)

Coppola's next project was Jack, which was released on August 9, 1996. It starred Robin Williams as Jack Powell, a ten-year-old boy whose cells are growing at four times the normal rate due to Werner syndrome, which makes him look like a 40-year-old man at the age of ten. With Diane Lane, Brian Kerwin, and Bill Cosby, Jack also featured Jennifer Lopez, Fran Drescher and Michael McKean in supporting roles. Although a moderate box-office success, grossing $58 million domestically on an estimated $45 million budget,[90] it was panned by critics, many of whom disliked the film's abrupt contrast between actual comedy and tragic melodrama.[91] It was also unfavorably compared with the 1988 film Big, in which Tom Hanks also played a child in a grown man's body.[92] Most critics felt that the screenplay was poorly written, not funny, and had unconvincing and unbelievable drama.[93] Other critics felt that Coppola was too talented to be making this type of film.[94] Although ridiculed for making the film, Coppola has defended it, saying he is not ashamed of the final cut of the movie. He had been friends with Robin Williams for many years and had always wanted to work with him as an actor.[95] When Williams was offered the screenplay for Jack, he said he would only agree to do it if Coppola agreed to sign on as director.

The Rainmaker (1997)

Main article: The Rainmaker (1997 film)

The last film Coppola directed in the 1990s, The Rainmaker, was based on the 1995 novel of the same name by John Grisham. An ensemble courtroom drama, the film was well received by critics, earning an 83% rating on Rotten Tomatoes.[96] Roger Ebert gave The Rainmaker three stars out of four, remarking, "I have enjoyed several of the movies based on Grisham novels ... but I've usually seen the storyteller's craft rather than the novelist's art being reflected. By keeping all of the little people in focus, Coppola shows the variety of a young lawyer's life, where every client is necessary and most of them need a lot more than a lawyer."[97] James Berardinelli also gave the film three stars out of four, saying that "the intelligence and subtlety of The Rainmaker took me by surprise" and that the film "stands above any other filmed Grisham adaptation."[98] Grisham said of the film, "To me it's the best adaptation of any of [my books] ... I love the movie. It's so well done."[99] The film grossed about $45 million domestically,[100] more than the estimated production budget of $40 million, but a disappointment compared to previous films adapted from Grisham novels.

Pinocchio dispute with Warner Bros.

In the late 1980s, Coppola started considering concepts for a motion picture based upon the 19th-century Carlo Collodi novel The Adventures of Pinocchio, and in 1991, Coppola and Warner Bros. began discussing the project as well as two others, one involving the life of J. Edgar Hoover and the other based on the children's novel The Secret Garden. These discussions led to negotiations for Coppola to both produce and direct the Pinocchio project for Warner Bros. as well as The Secret Garden (which was made in 1993 and produced by American Zoetrope, but directed by Agnieszka Holland) and Hoover, which never came to fruition. (A film was eventually made by Clint Eastwood in 2011 titled J. Edgar, which was distributed by Warner Bros.)

However, in mid-1991, Coppola and Warner Bros. came to a disagreement over the compensation to Coppola for his directing services on Pinocchio.[101] In 1994, Coppola later approached another studio, Columbia Pictures, to produce the film.[102] Warner Brothers then wrote to Columbia, stating it had held the rights to Coppola's project, which led to Columbia later dropping the project. Coppola filed a lawsuit against Warner Bros, alleging they had wrongfully prevented Columbia Pictures from making the film.[103]

The parties deferred this issue and a settlement was finally reached on July 3, 1998, when the jurors in the resultant court case awarded Coppola $20 million as compensation for losing the Pinocchio film project.[104] On that same day, Warner Bros. stated it would appeal the decision.[105] A week later, Coppola was awarded a further $60 million in punitive damages on top, stemming from his charges that Warner Bros. sabotaged his intended version.[103] However, in October 1998, then-Superior Court Judge Madeleine Flier reversed the jury's $60 million award to Coppola.[106] Warner Bros. and Coppola then appealed each other's ruling, in which Coppola sought to have his $60 million award restored. In March 2001, the California Court of Appeals decided against Coppola on both counts.[107] In July 2001, the California Supreme Court refused to hear the appellate decision, bringing the litigation battle to a conclusive end.[108]

Contact dispute with Carl Sagan/Warner Bros.

Main article: Contact

During the filming of Contact on December 28, 1996, Coppola filed a lawsuit against Carl Sagan and Warner Bros. Sagan had died a week earlier,[109][110] and Coppola claimed that Sagan's novel Contact was based on a story the pair had developed for a television special back in 1975 titled First Contact.[109] Under their development agreement, Coppola and Sagan were to split proceeds from the project as well as any novel Sagan would write with American Zoetrope and Children's Television Workshop Productions. The television program was never produced, but in 1985, Simon & Schuster published Sagan's Contact and Warner Bros. moved forward with development of a film adaptation. Coppola sought at least $250,000 in compensatory damages and an injunction against production or distribution of the film.[109] Even though Sagan was shown to have violated some of the terms of the agreement, the case was dismissed in February 1998 because Coppola had waited too long to file suit.[111]

Supernova re-edit

Main article: Supernova (2000 film)

In August 1999, Coppola was brought in by MGM to supervise another re-editing of the film Supernova, costing $1 million at his American Zoetrope facility in Northern California. This work included digitally placing Angela Bassett's and James Spader's faces on the bodies of (a computer-tinted) Robin Tunney and Peter Facinelli so that their characters could have a love scene.[112] However, Coppola's re-edited version had negative test screening and didn't get the PG-13 rating by the MPAA that the studio wanted. Creature designer Patrick Tatopoulos, whose special effects were mostly cut out from the film, said that Walter Hill wanted the film to be much more grotesque, strange, and disturbing, while MGM wanted to make it more of a hip, sexy film in space, and not with full-blown makeup effects. "I hope that my experience in the film industry has helped improve the picture and rectified some of the problems that losing a director caused", said Coppola.[112] By October 1999, MGM decided to sell the film.[113] The film was eventually released on January 17, 2000, almost two years later than planned.[114]

2000s–2020s

 
Coppola at the 2001 Cannes Film Festival

Youth Without Youth (2007)

Main article: Youth Without Youth (film)

After a 10-year hiatus, Coppola returned to directing with Youth Without Youth in 2007, based on the novella of the same name by Romanian author Mircea Eliade. The film was poorly reviewed, currently holding a 30% "rotten" rating on Rotten Tomatoes.[115] It was made for about $19 million and had a limited release, only managing $2,624,759 at the box-office.[116] As a result, Coppola announced his plans to produce his own films in order to avoid the marketing input that goes into most films, which are intended to appeal to too wide an audience.

Tetro (2009)

Main article: Tetro

In 2009, Coppola released Tetro. It was "set in Argentina, with the reunion of two brothers. The story follows the rivalries born out of creative differences passed down through generations of an artistic Italian immigrant family."[117] The film received generally positive reviews from critics. On Metacritic, the film has a weighted average metascore of 63% based on 19 reviews.[118] Rotten Tomatoes reported that 70% of critics gave positive reviews, based on 105 reviews, with an average score of 6.3/10.[119] Overall, the Rotten Tomatoes consensus was: "A complex meditation on family dynamics, Tetro's arresting visuals and emotional core compensate for its uneven narrative."[119] Roger Ebert of the Chicago Sun-Times gave the film 3 stars, praising it for being "boldly operatic, involving family drama, secrets, generations at war, melodrama, romance and violence", Ebert also praised Vincent Gallo's performance and claimed that Alden Ehrenreich is "the new Leonardo DiCaprio".[120] Todd McCarthy of Variety gave the film a B+, judging that "when Coppola finds creative nirvana, he frequently has trouble delivering the full goods".[121] Richard Corliss of Time gave the film a mixed review, praising Ehrenreich's performance, but claiming Coppola "has made a movie in which plenty happens, but nothing rings true".[122] The film made $2,636,774 worldwide,[123] against a budget of $5,000,000.

 
Coppola in April 2019

Twixt (2011)

Main article: Twixt (film)

Twixt, starring Val Kilmer, Elle Fanning, Joanne Whalley, and Bruce Dern, and narrated by Tom Waits, was released to film festivals in late 2011[124] and was released theatrically in early 2012. It received critical acclaim in France,[125] but mostly negative reviews elsewhere.[126]

Distant Vision (2015)

Main article: Distant Vision

In 2015, Coppola stated

That's why I ended my career: I decided I didn't want to make what you could call 'factory movies' anymore. I would rather just experiment with the form, and see what I could do, and [make things] that came out of my own. And little by little, the commercial film industry went into the superhero business, and everything was on such a scale. The budgets were so big, because they wanted to make the big series of films where they could make two or three parts. I felt I was no longer interested enough to put in the extraordinary effort a film takes [nowadays].[127]

Distant Vision is a semi-autobiographical unfinished live broadcast project created in real-time. Proof of concepts were tested before limited audiences at Oklahoma City Community College in June 2015 and UCLA School of Theater in July 2016.[128]

The Godfather Coda: The Death of Michael Corleone (2020)

In December 2020, a re-edit of Godfather III, The Godfather Coda: The Death of Michael Corleone had a limited theatrical release, followed by digital and Blu-ray release in 2021.[129] Coppola stated that The Godfather Part IV was never made because Mario Puzo died before they had a chance to write the film.[130] Andy García has since claimed the film's script was nearly produced.[130]

Coppola was the jury president at the 1996 Cannes Film Festival and he also took part as a special guest at the 17th Midnight Sun Film Festival in Sodankylä, Finland,[131] and the 46th International Thessaloniki Film Festival in Thessaloniki, Greece.

Megalopolis (TBA)

Main article: Megalopolis (film)

In April 2019, Coppola announced that he plans to direct Megalopolis, which he had been developing for many years prior.[132] Speaking to Deadline, he said: "I plan this year to begin my longstanding ambition to make a major work utilizing all I have learned during my long career, beginning at age 16 doing theater, and that will be an epic on a grand scale, which I've titled Megalopolis."[133] He had planned to direct the movie, a story about the aftermath and reconstruction of New York City after a mega-disaster, but after the real-life disaster of the September 11 attacks, the project was seen as being too sensitive.[134]

In August 2021, it was announced that Coppola had begun discussions with actors for the project and that he was aiming to begin principal photography in the fall of 2022.[135] In April 2022, it was reported that filming was to take place from September 6, 2022, to February 2, 2023. In May 2022, the star cast was revealed: Adam Driver, Forest Whitaker, Nathalie Emmanuel, Jon Voight, and Laurence Fishburne.[136] In July, it was reported that filming would instead begin in November 2022 at Trilith Studios in Fayetteville, Georgia.[137][138] In August, it was revealed that Aubrey Plaza, Talia Shire, Shia LaBeouf, Jason Schwartzman, Kathryn Hunter, James Remar, and Grace VanderWaal joined the cast.[139][140] In early October, it was announced that Chloe Fineman, Dustin Hoffman, Bailey Ives, Isabelle Kusman, and D.B. Sweeney would also be joining the cast.[141]

Favorite films

In 2012, Coppola participated in the Sight & Sound film polls of that year. Held every ten years to select the greatest films of all time, contemporary directors were asked to select ten films of their choice.[142]

Filmography

Further information: Francis Ford Coppola filmography
Directed features
Year Title Distributor
1963 Dementia 13 American International Pictures
1966 You're a Big Boy Now Warner Bros.-Seven Arts
1968 Finian's Rainbow
1969 The Rain People
1972 The Godfather Paramount Pictures
1974 The Conversation
The Godfather Part II
1979 Apocalypse Now United Artists
1982 One from the Heart Columbia Pictures
1983 The Outsiders Warner Bros.
Rumble Fish Universal Pictures
1984 The Cotton Club Orion Pictures
1986 Peggy Sue Got Married TriStar Pictures
1987 Gardens of Stone
1988 Tucker: The Man and His Dream Paramount Pictures
1990 The Godfather Part III
1992 Bram Stoker's Dracula Columbia Pictures
1996 Jack Buena Vista Pictures
1997 The Rainmaker Paramount Pictures
2007 Youth Without Youth Sony Pictures Classics
2009 Tetro Alta Films / American Zoetrope
2011 Twixt 20th Century Fox Home Entertainment
TBA Megalopolis

Awards and nominations

Main article: List of awards and nominations received by Francis Ford Coppola
Year Title Academy Awards BAFTA Awards Golden Globe Awards
Nominations Wins Nominations Wins Nominations Wins
1966 You're a Big Boy Now 1 1 3
1968 Finian's Rainbow 2 5
1972 The Godfather 10 3 5 1 7 6
1974 The Conversation 3 5 2 4
The Godfather Part II 11 6 4 1 6
1979 Apocalypse Now 8 2 9 2 4 3
1982 One from the Heart 1
1983 Rumble Fish 1
1984 The Cotton Club 2 2 1 2
1986 Peggy Sue Got Married 3 2
1988 Tucker: The Man and His Dream 3 1 1 1 1
1990 The Godfather Part III 7 7
1992 Bram Stoker's Dracula 4 3 4
1997 The Rainmaker 1
Total 55 14 31 8 42 10

Personal life

Family

See also: Coppola family tree

In 1963, Coppola married writer and documentary filmmaker Eleanor Jessie Neil. She went on to co-direct Hearts of Darkness: A Filmmaker's Apocalypse. Together they had three children, Gian-Carlo Coppola, Roman Coppola, and Sofia Coppola, all of whom became filmmakers. Gian-Carlo died at the age of 22 due to a speedboating accident in 1986. He had one child, Gia Coppola, also a filmmaker. Nicolas Cage and Jason Schwartzman are Coppola's nephews.

Politics

During the 1980 United States presidential election, Coppola filmed a mass televised rally for California Governor and Democratic Party presidential candidate Jerry Brown at the Wisconsin State Capitol in Madison. The rally failed in its goal to draw attention away from the other Democratic primary candidates Jimmy Carter and Ted Kennedy, forcing Brown to drop out of the race.[143] Over the years, Coppola has worked with several Democratic political candidates, including Mike Thompson and Nancy Pelosi for the U.S. House of Representatives and Barbara Boxer and Alan Cranston for the U.S. Senate.[144]

Controversy

Coppola is renowned for being a financial and moral supporter of disgraced film director Victor Salva when Salva was charged with multiple child sexual abuse and child pornography offences[145] during the production of Clownhouse, a film Coppola produced via American Zoetrope. In a 2006 write-up, he said, "You have to remember, while this was a tragedy, that the difference in age between Victor and the boy was very small -- Victor was practically a child himself.” In actuality, Salva was 29 while the boy was 12. Coppola has continued to support Salva financially and professionally throughout the years since.[146]After the post-production of Clownhouse was over Coppola told the boy he would never work in the industry again, and he never did. Coppola later tried to sue him for breach of contract.[147]

Commercial ventures

American Zoetrope

Main article: American Zoetrope

In 1971, Coppola produced George Lucas' first film, THX 1138. Shortly after completion of production they brought the finished film to Warner Bros., along with several other scripts for potential projects at their newly founded company, American Zoetrope. However, studio executives strongly disliked all of the scripts, including THX, and demanded that Coppola repay the $300,000 they had loaned him for the Zoetrope studio, as well as insisting on cutting five minutes from the film. The debt nearly closed Zoetrope and forced Coppola to reluctantly focus on The Godfather.[148]

Zoetrope Virtual Studio

American Zoetrope also administers the Zoetrope Virtual Studio, a complete motion picture production studio for members only. Launched in June 2000 as the culmination of more than four years of work, it brings together departments for screenwriters, directors, producers and other filmmaker artists, as well as new departments for other creative endeavors such as the short story vending machine project.[149]

Inglenook Winery

Coppola, with his family, expanded his business ventures to include winemaking in California's Napa Valley, when in 1975, he purchased the former home and adjoining vineyard of Gustave Niebaum in Rutherford, California using proceeds from The Godfather.[150] His winery produced its first vintage in 1977 with the help of his father, wife, and children stomping the grapes barefoot. Every year, the family has a harvest party to continue the tradition.[151]

After purchasing the property, he produced wine under the Niebaum-Coppola label. He purchased the former Inglenook Winery chateau in 1995,[152] and renamed it to Rubicon Estate Winery in 2006. On April 11, 2011, Coppola acquired the Inglenook trademark[153] paying more, he said, for the trademark than he did for the entire estate[154] and announced that the estate would once again be known by its historic original name, Inglenook. Its grapes are entirely organically grown.

Uptown Theater

George Altamura, a real estate developer, announced in 2003 that he had partnered with several people, including Coppola, in a project to restore the Uptown Theater in downtown Napa, California, in order to create a live entertainment venue.[155]

Francis Ford Coppola Presents

Coppola is the owner of Francis Ford Coppola Presents, a lifestyle brand under which he markets goods from companies he owns or controls. It includes films and videos, resorts, cafes, a literary magazine, a line of pastas and pasta sauces called Mammarella Foods, and a winery.[156][157][158]

Winery

The Francis Ford Coppola Winery near Geyserville, California,[159] located on the former Chateau Souverain Winery,[160] where he has opened a family-friendly facility, is influenced by the idea of the Tivoli Gardens in Copenhagen,[161] with swimming pools, bocce courts, and a restaurant. The winery displays several of Coppola's Oscars along with memorabilia from his movies, including Vito Corleone's desk from The Godfather and a restored 1948 Tucker Sedan as used in Tucker: The Man and His Dream.

In October 2018, Coppola and family purchased the Vista Hills winery in Dayton, Oregon, and in 2019 renamed it to Domaine de Broglie.

In August 2021, Coppola sold Francis Ford Coppola Winery and Virginia Dare Winery to Delicato Family Wines.

Resorts

 
Palazzo Margherita in Bernalda, owned by Coppola

Included in the Francis Ford Coppola Presents lifestyle brand are several hotels and resorts around the world. The Blancaneaux Lodge in Belize, which from the early 1980s was a family retreat until it was opened to the public in 1993 as a 20-room luxury resort[162] and The Turtle Inn, in Placencia, Belize,[163] (both of which have won several prestigious awards including "Travel + Leisure's World's Best: Best Resort in Central & South America"); La Lancha in Lago Petén Itzá, Guatemala;[164] Jardín Escondido in Buenos Aires, Argentina[165] and Palazzo Margherita in Bernalda, Italy.[166]

Cafe and restaurant

In San Francisco, Coppola owns a restaurant named Cafe Zoetrope, located in the Sentinel Building where American Zoetrope is based.[167] It serves traditional Italian cuisine and wine from his personal estate vineyard. For 14 years from 1994, Coppola co-owned the Rubicon restaurant in San Francisco along with Robin Williams and Robert De Niro. Rubicon closed in August 2008.[168]

Literary publications

Coppola bought out the San Francisco-based magazine City in the 1970s, with the intent of publishing a "service magazine" that informed readers about sights and activities in selected cities.[169] The magazine was unsuccessful, and he lost $1.5 million on this venture.[170]

In 1997, Coppola founded Zoetrope: All-Story, a literary magazine devoted to short stories and design. The magazine publishes fiction by emerging writers alongside more recognizable names, such as Woody Allen, Margaret Atwood, Haruki Murakami, Alice Munro, Don DeLillo, Mary Gaitskill, and Edward Albee; as well as essays, including ones from Mario Vargas Llosa, David Mamet, Steven Spielberg, and Salman Rushdie. Each issue is designed, in its entirety, by a prominent artist, one usually working outside his / her expected field. Previous guest designers include Gus Van Sant, Tom Waits, Laurie Anderson, Marjane Satrapi, Guillermo del Toro, David Bowie, David Byrne, and Dennis Hopper. Coppola serves as founding editor and publisher of All-Story.

Cannabis brand

In 2018, Coppola launched Sana Company LLC and released a cannabis brand known as The Grower's Series.[171][172] The collection was created in partnership with the Humboldt Brothers, a Humboldt County cannabis farm.[173] Coppola debuted the brand in San Francisco, California in October 2018 at the private cannabis dining club series known as Thursday Infused, organized by The Herb Somm, Jamie Evans.[174][172] Coppola packaged The Grower's Series in a mock black tin wine bottle resembling his wine brand.[175] The Grower's Series showcases three cannabis strains: a sativa, indica and hybrid.[176]

Advertisements

Coppola appeared in a commercial for Suntory Reserve in 1980 alongside Akira Kurosawa; the commercial was filmed while Kurosawa was making Kagemusha, which Coppola produced.[177]

See also

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Further reading

  • Chown, Jeffrey (May 1988). Hollywood auteur: Francis Coppola. Praeger Publishers. ISBN 978-0-275-92910-7.

External links

 
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Francis Ford Coppola.
  • Francis Ford Coppola at IMDb
  • Francis Ford Coppola at AllMovie
  • Francis Ford Coppola: Texas Monthly Talks, YouTube video posted on November 24, 2008
  • 2007 Francis Ford Coppola Video Interview with InterviewingHollywood.com February 17, 2016, at the Wayback Machine
  • Bibliography at the University of California Berkeley Library
  • "Perfecting the Rubicon: An interview with Francis Ford Coppola"
  • "Back to Bernalda" by Coppola, T, December 8, 2012.
  • Works by Francis Ford Coppola at Open Library  

January 26, 2023
francis, ford, coppola, italian, ˈkɔppola, born, april, 1939, american, film, director, producer, screenwriter, considered, major, figures, hollywood, filmmaking, movement, 1960s, 1970s, coppola, recipient, five, academy, awards, golden, globe, awards, palmes,. Francis Ford Coppola ˈ k oʊ p el e 1 2 3 Italian ˈkɔppola born April 7 1939 4 is an American film director producer and screenwriter He is considered one of the major figures of the New Hollywood filmmaking movement of the 1960s and 1970s 5 Coppola is the recipient of five Academy Awards six Golden Globe Awards two Palmes d Or and a British Academy Film Award BAFTA Francis Ford CoppolaCoppola at the 2011 San Diego Comic ConBorn 1939 04 07 April 7 1939 age 83 Detroit Michigan U S Alma materHofstra University BA University of California Los Angeles MFA OccupationsFilm directorproducerscreenwriterYears active1962 presentNotable workThe GodfatherThe ConversationApocalypse NowPattonPolitical partyDemocraticSpouseEleanor Neil m 1963 wbr ChildrenGian Carlo Roman SofiaParentsCarmine Coppola father Italia Pennino mother RelativesAugust Coppola brother Talia Shire sister Jason Schwartzman nephew Nicolas Cage nephew Gia Coppola granddaughter FamilyCoppolaSignatureAfter directing The Rain People in 1969 Coppola co wrote Patton 1970 which earned him the Academy Award for Best Original Screenplay along with Edmund H North Coppola s reputation as a filmmaker was cemented with the release of The Godfather 1972 which revolutionized the gangster genre 6 of filmmaking receiving strong commercial and critical reception The Godfather won three Academy Awards Best Picture Best Actor and Best Adapted Screenplay shared with Mario Puzo His film The Godfather Part II 1974 became the first sequel to win the Academy Award for Best Picture Highly regarded by critics the film gained Coppola three more Academy Awards Best Adapted Screenplay Best Director and Best Picture making him the second director after Billy Wilder to win these three awards for the same film Also in 1974 he released the thriller The Conversation which received the Palme d Or at the Cannes Film Festival His next film the war epic Apocalypse Now 1979 which had a notoriously lengthy and strenuous production was widely acclaimed for vividly depicting the Vietnam War It also won the Palme d Or making Coppola one of only nine filmmakers to have won the award twice Other notable films Coppola has released since the start of the 1980s include the dramas The Outsiders and Rumble Fish both 1983 The Cotton Club 1984 Peggy Sue Got Married 1986 The Godfather Part III 1990 Bram Stoker s Dracula 1992 and The Rainmaker 1997 Many of Coppola s relatives and children have become popular actors and filmmakers in their own right his sister Talia Shire is an actress his daughter Sofia is a director his son Roman is a screenwriter and his nephews Jason Schwartzman and Nicolas Cage are actors Coppola resides in Napa California and since the 2010s has been a vintner owning a family branded winery and a winery of his own 7 Contents 1 Early life and education 2 Career 2 1 1960s 2 1 1 Dementia 13 1963 2 1 2 You re a Big Boy Now 1966 2 1 3 Finian s Rainbow 1968 2 1 4 The Rain People 1969 2 2 1970s 2 2 1 Patton 1970 2 2 2 The Godfather 1972 2 2 3 The Conversation 1974 2 2 4 The Great Gatsby 1974 2 2 5 The Godfather Part II 1974 2 2 6 Apocalypse Now 1979 2 3 1980s 2 3 1 One from the Heart 1982 2 3 2 The Outsiders 1983 2 3 3 Rumble Fish 1983 2 3 4 The Cotton Club 1984 2 3 5 Peggy Sue Got Married 1986 2 3 6 New York Stories 1989 2 4 1990s 2 4 1 The Godfather Part III 1990 2 4 2 Bram Stoker s Dracula 1992 2 4 3 Jack 1996 2 4 4 The Rainmaker 1997 2 4 5 Pinocchio dispute with Warner Bros 2 4 6 Contact dispute with Carl Sagan Warner Bros 2 4 7 Supernova re edit 2 5 2000s 2020s 2 5 1 Youth Without Youth 2007 2 5 2 Tetro 2009 2 5 3 Twixt 2011 2 5 4 Distant Vision 2015 2 5 5 The Godfather Coda The Death of Michael Corleone 2020 2 5 6 Megalopolis TBA 3 Favorite films 4 Filmography 5 Awards and nominations 6 Personal life 6 1 Family 6 2 Politics 7 Controversy 8 Commercial ventures 8 1 American Zoetrope 8 1 1 Zoetrope Virtual Studio 8 2 Inglenook Winery 8 3 Uptown Theater 8 4 Francis Ford Coppola Presents 8 4 1 Winery 8 4 2 Resorts 8 4 3 Cafe and restaurant 8 4 4 Literary publications 8 5 Cannabis brand 8 6 Advertisements 9 See also 10 References 11 Further reading 12 External linksEarly life and education EditFrancis Ford Coppola was born in Detroit Michigan to father Carmine Coppola 1910 1991 8 a flutist with the Detroit Symphony Orchestra and mother Italia Coppola nee Pennino 1912 2004 He was born into a family of Italian immigrants His paternal grandparents came to the United States from Bernalda Basilicata 9 His maternal grandfather popular Italian composer Francesco Pennino emigrated from Naples Italy 10 At the time of Coppola s birth his father in addition to being a flutist was an arranger and assistant orchestra director for The Ford Sunday Evening Hour an hour long concert music radio series sponsored by the Ford Motor Company 11 12 Coppola was born at Henry Ford Hospital and those two connections to Henry Ford inspired the Coppolas to choose the middle name Ford for their son 13 14 Francis is the middle of three children his older brother was August Coppola and his younger sister is actress Talia Shire 9 Two years after Coppola s birth his father was named principal flutist for the NBC Symphony Orchestra and the family moved to New York They settled in Woodside Queens where Coppola spent the remainder of his childhood Having contracted polio as a boy Coppola was bedridden for large periods of his childhood during which he did homemade puppet theater productions He developed an interest in theater after reading A Streetcar Named Desire at age 15 15 He created 8 mm feature films edited from home movies with titles such as The Rich Millionaire and The Lost Wallet 16 Although Coppola was a mediocre student his interest in technology and engineering earned him the childhood nickname Science 17 He trained initially for a career in music and became proficient in the tuba eventually earning a music scholarship to the New York Military Academy 16 In all Coppola attended 23 schools 18 before he eventually graduated from Great Neck North High School 19 He entered Hofstra College in 1955 as a theater arts major There he was awarded a scholarship in playwriting This furthered his interest in directing theater though his father disapproved and wanted him to study engineering 15 Coppola was profoundly impressed by Sergei Eisenstein s film October Ten Days That Shook the World especially the quality of its editing and decided to pursue cinema rather than theater 15 He said he was influenced to become a writer by his brother August 18 Coppola also credits the work of Elia Kazan for influencing him as a writer and director 18 Coppola s classmates at Hofstra included James Caan Lainie Kazan and radio artist Joe Frank 19 20 He later cast Lainie Kazan in One from the Heart and Caan in The Rain People The Godfather and Gardens of Stone While pursuing his bachelor s degree Coppola was elected president of the university s drama group The Green Wig and its musical comedy club the Kaleidoscopians He merged the two groups into The Spectrum Players and under his leadership the group staged a new production each week Coppola also founded the cinema workshop at Hofstra and contributed prolifically to the campus literary magazine 16 He won three D H Lawrence Awards for theatrical production and direction and received a Beckerman Award for his outstanding contributions to the school s theater arts division 21 While a graduate student Coppola studied under professor Dorothy Arzner whose encouragement was later acknowledged as pivotal to Coppola s career 15 Career Edit1960s Edit After earning his theater arts degree from Hofstra in 1960 Coppola enrolled in UCLA Film School 16 22 There he directed a short horror film The Two Christophers inspired by Edgar Allan Poe s William Wilson and Ayamonn the Terrible a film about a sculptor s nightmares coming to life 17 He also met undergraduate film major Jim Morrison future frontman of The Doors Coppola later used Morrison s song The End in Apocalypse Now 23 In the early 1960s Coppola made 10 a week 24 Looking for a way to earn some extra money he found that many colleagues from film school made money filming erotic productions known as nudie cuties or skin flicks which showed nudity without implying any sexual act 25 At 21 Coppola wrote the script for The Peeper a comedy short film about a voyeur who tries to spy on a sensual photo shoot in the studio next to his apartment Coppola found an interested producer who gave him 3 000 to shoot the film He hired Playboy Bunny Marli Renfro to play the model and had his friend Karl Schanzer to play the voyeur With The Peeper finished Coppola found that the cartoonish aspects of the film alienated potential buyers who did not find the 12 minute short exciting enough to screen in adult theaters 26 After much rejection Coppola received an opportunity from Premier Pictures Company a small production company that invested in an adult production called The Wide Open Spaces an erotic western written and directed by Jerry Schafer which had been shelved for more than a year Both Schafer s film and The Peeper featured Marli Renfro so the producers paid Coppola 500 to combine the two films After Coppola re edited the picture it was released in 1962 as the softcore comedy Tonight for Sure 26 Another production company Screen Rite Pictures hired Coppola to do a similar job re cutting a German film titled Mit Eva fing die Sunde an de Sin Began with Eve directed by Fritz Umgelter Coppola added new color footage with British model June Wilkinson and other nude starlets 27 The re edited film was released as The Bellboy and the Playgirls Some years later Roger Corman hired Coppola as an assistant Corman first tasked Coppola with dubbing and re editing the Soviet science fiction film Nebo zovyot which Coppola turned into the sex and violence monster movie Battle Beyond the Sun which was released in 1962 19 Impressed by Coppola s perseverance and dedication Corman hired him as a dialogue director for Tower of London 1962 sound man for The Young Racers 1963 and associate producer and one of many uncredited directors for The Terror 1963 21 Dementia 13 1963 Edit Main article Dementia 13 Coppola s first feature length film was Dementia 13 1963 While on location in Ireland for The Young Racers in 1963 Corman persuaded Coppola to use that film s leftover funds to make a low budget horror movie 21 Coppola wrote a brief draft in one night incorporating elements from Hitchcock s Psycho 28 and the result impressed Corman enough to give the go ahead On a budget of 40 000 20 000 from Corman and 20 000 from another producer who wanted to buy the movie s English rights 28 Coppola directed Dementia 13 over the course of nine days The film recouped its expenses and later became a cult film among horror buffs It was on the set of Dementia 13 that Coppola met his future wife Eleanor Jessie Neil In 1965 Coppola won the annual Samuel Goldwyn Award for best screenplay Pilma Pilma written by a UCLA student 16 The honor secured him a job as a scriptwriter with Seven Arts During this time Coppola also co wrote the scripts for This Property Is Condemned 1966 and Is Paris Burning 1966 You re a Big Boy Now 1966 Edit Main article You re a Big Boy Now Coppola bought the rights to the David Benedictus novel You re a Big Boy Now and merged it with a story idea of his own resulting in his UCLA thesis project You re a Big Boy Now 1966 which earned Coppola his Master of Fine Arts Degree from UCLA School of Theater Film and Television in 1967 21 29 The film also received a theatrical release via Warner Bros and earned critical acclaim 19 Geraldine Page was nominated for an Oscar and a Golden Globe Award for her performance Finian s Rainbow 1968 Edit Main article Finian s Rainbow 1968 film Following the success of You re a Big Boy Now Coppola was offered to work on movie version of the Broadway musical Finian s Rainbow starring Petula Clark in her first American film and veteran Fred Astaire Producer Jack L Warner was not impressed by Coppola s shaggy haired bearded hippie appearance and generally left him to his own devices Coppola took the cast to the Napa Valley for much of the outdoor shooting but those scenes were in sharp contrast to those filmed on a Hollywood soundstage resulting in a disjointed look to the film Dealing with outdated material at a time when the popularity of film musicals was already waning Clark received a Golden Globe Best Actress nomination The film introduced Coppola to George Lucas who became his lifelong friend as well as a production assistant in his next film The Rain People in 1969 The Rain People 1969 Edit Main article The Rain People The Rain People was written directed and initially produced by Coppola himself though as the movie advanced he exceeded his budget and the studio had to underwrite the remainder of the movie 19 The film won the Golden Shell at the 1969 San Sebastian Film Festival In 1969 Coppola wanted to subvert the studio system which he felt had stifled his visions intending to produce mainstream pictures to finance off beat projects and give first time directors a chance He decided name his future studio Zoetrope after receiving a gift of zoetropes from Mogens Scot Hansen founder of a studio called Lanterna Film and owner of a famous collection of early motion picture making equipment While touring Europe Coppola was introduced to alternative filmmaking equipment and inspired by the bohemian spirit of Lanterna Film decided he would build a deviant studio that would conceive and implement unconventional approaches to filmmaking Upon his return home Coppola and George Lucas searched for a mansion in Marin County to house the studio However in 1969 with equipment flowing in and no mansion found yet the first home for Zoetrope Studio became a warehouse in San Francisco on Folsom Street 30 The studio went on to become an early adopter of digital filmmaking including some of the earliest uses of HDTV In his 1968 book The American Cinema Andrew Sarris wrote Coppola is probably the first reasonably talented and sensibly adaptable directorial talent to emerge from a university curriculum in film making He may be heard from more decisively in the future 31 1970s Edit Coppola in 1976 Coppola was at the forefront of a group of filmmakers known as New Hollywood that emerged in the early 1970s with ideas that challenged conventional filmmaking The group included Steven Spielberg Martin Scorsese Brian De Palma Terrence Malick Robert Altman Woody Allen William Friedkin Philip Kaufman and George Lucas 19 32 Patton 1970 Edit Main article Patton film Coppola co wrote the script for Patton in 1970 along with Edmund H North This earned him his first Academy Award for Best Original Screenplay However it was not easy for Coppola to convince Franklin J Schaffner that the opening scene would work Coppola later revealed in an interview 33 I wrote the script of Patton And the script was very controversial when I wrote it because they thought it was so stylized It was supposed to be like sort of you know The Longest Day And my script of Patton was I was sort of interested in the reincarnation And I had this very bizarre opening where he stands up in front of an American flag and gives this speech Ultimately I wasn t fired but I was fired meaning that when the script was done they said Okay thank you very much and they went and hired another writer and that script was forgotten And I remember very vividly this long kind of being raked over the coals for this opening scene When the title role was offered to George C Scott he remembered having read Coppola s screenplay earlier He stated flatly that he would accept the part only if they used Coppola s script Scott is the one who resurrected my version said Coppola 34 The movie opens with Scott s rendering of Patton s famous military Pep Talk to members of the Third Army set against a huge American flag Coppola and North had to tone down Patton s actual language to avoid an R rating in the opening monologue the word fornicating replaced fucking when criticizing The Saturday Evening Post Over the years this opening monologue has become an iconic scene and has spawned parodies in numerous films political cartoons and television shows The Godfather 1972 Edit Main article The GodfatherThe release of The Godfather in 1972 was a cinematic milestone The near three hour long epic a film treatment of Mario Puzo s New York Times bestselling novel The Godfather chronicling the saga of the Corleone family received overwhelmingly positive reviews from critics and got Coppola the Academy Award for Best Adapted Screenplay which he shared with Mario Puzo as well as Golden Globe Awards for Best Director and Best Screenplay However Coppola faced several difficulties while filming He was not Paramount s first choice to direct the movie Italian director Sergio Leone was initially offered the job but declined in order to direct his own gangster opus Once Upon a Time in America 35 Robert Evans wanted the picture to be directed by an Italian American to make the film ethnic to the core 36 37 Evans chief assistant Peter Bart suggested Coppola as a director of Italian ancestry who would work for a low sum and budget after the poor reception of his latest film The Rain People 38 36 Coppola initially turned down the job because he found Puzo s novel sleazy and sensationalist describing it as pretty cheap stuff 39 40 At the time Coppola s studio American Zoetrope owed over 400 000 to Warner Bros for budget overruns in the film THX 1138 and when coupled with his poor financial standing along with advice from friends and family Coppola reversed his initial decision and took the job 41 42 43 Coppola was officially announced as director of the film on September 28 1970 44 He agreed to receive 125 000 and six percent of the gross rentals 45 46 Coppola later found a deeper theme for the material and decided it should be not just be a film about organized crime but also a family chronicle and a metaphor for capitalism in America 36 There was disagreement between Paramount and Coppola on casting Coppola wanted to cast Marlon Brando as Vito Corleone though Paramount wanted either Ernest Borgnine or Danny Thomas At one point Coppola was told by the then president of Paramount that Marlon Brando will never appear in this motion picture After pleading with the executives Coppola was allowed to cast Brando only if he appeared in the film for much less money than his previous films would perform a screen test and put up a bond saying that he would not cause a delay in the production as he had done on previous film sets 47 Coppola chose Brando over Ernest Borgnine on the basis of Brando s screen test which also won over the Paramount leadership Brando later won an Academy Award for his portrayal which he refused to accept Coppola would later recollect 28 The Godfather was a very unappreciated movie when we were making it They were very unhappy with it They didn t like the cast They didn t like the way I was shooting it I was always on the verge of getting fired So it was an extremely nightmarish experience I had two little kids and the third one was born during that We lived in a little apartment and I was basically frightened that they didn t like it They had as much as said that so when it was all over I wasn t at all confident that it was going to be successful and that I d ever get another job After it was released the film received widespread praise It went on to win multiple awards including the Academy Award for Best Picture and the Academy Award for Best Adapted Screenplay for Coppola The film routinely features at the top in various polls for the greatest movies ever It was selected for preservation in the United States National Film Registry and was ranked third behind Citizen Kane and Casablanca on the initial AFI s 100 Years 100 Movies list by the American Film Institute in 1997 It was moved up to second when the list was published again in 2007 48 Director Stanley Kubrick believed that The Godfather was possibly the greatest movie ever made and certainly the best cast 49 The Conversation 1974 Edit Main article The Conversation Coppola s next film The Conversation further cemented his position as one of the most talented auteurs of Hollywood 50 The movie was partly influenced by Michelangelo Antonioni s Blowup 1966 51 and generated much interest when news leaked that the film utilized the very same surveillance and wire tapping equipment that members of the Nixon administration used to spy on political opponents prior to the Watergate scandal Coppola insisted that this was purely coincidental as the script for The Conversation was completed in the mid 1960s before the election of Richard Nixon and the spying equipment used in the film was developed through research and use of technical advisers and not by newspaper stories about the Watergate break in However the audience interpreted the film as a reaction to both the Watergate scandal and its fallout The movie was a critical success and got Coppola his first Palme d Or at the 1974 Cannes Film Festival The Great Gatsby 1974 Edit Main article The Great Gatsby 1974 film During the filming of The Conversation Coppola wrote the screenplay for The Great Gatsby However in the commentary track to the DVD of The Godfather Coppola states I don t think that script was actually made 52 The Godfather Part II 1974 Edit Main article The Godfather Part II Coppola shot The Godfather Part II in parallel to The Conversation It was the last major American motion picture to be filmed in Technicolor George Lucas commented on the film after its five hour long preview telling Coppola You have two films Take one away it doesn t work referring to the movie s portrayal of two parallel storylines one of a young Vito Corleone and the other of his son Michael In the director s commentary on the DVD edition of the film released in 2002 Coppola states that this film was the first major motion picture to use Part II in its title Paramount was initially opposed to his decision to name the movie The Godfather Part II According to Coppola the studio s objection stemmed from the belief that audiences would be reluctant to see a film with such a title as the audience would supposedly believe that having already seen The Godfather there was little reason to see an addition to the original film However the success of The Godfather Part II began the Hollywood tradition of numbered sequels The movie was released in 1974 and went on to receive tremendous critical acclaim with many deeming it superior to its predecessor 53 It was nominated for 11 Academy Awards and received six Oscars including three for Coppola Best Picture Best Adapted Screenplay and Best Director The Godfather Part II is ranked as the No 1 greatest movie of all time in TV Guide s 50 Best Movies of All Time 54 and is ranked at No 7 on Entertainment Weekly s list of the 100 Greatest Movies of All Time 55 The film is also featured on movie critic Leonard Maltin s list of the 100 Must See Films of the 20th Century 56 as well as Roger Ebert s Great Movies list 57 It was also featured on Sight amp Sound s list of the ten greatest films of all time in 2002 ranking at No 4 58 Coppola was the third director to have two nominations for Best Picture in the same year Victor Fleming was the first in 1939 with Gone with the Wind and The Wizard of Oz Alfred Hitchcock repeated the feat the next year with Foreign Correspondent and Rebecca Since Coppola two other directors have done the same Herbert Ross in 1977 with The Goodbye Girl and The Turning Point and Steven Soderbergh in 2000 with Erin Brockovich and Traffic Coppola however is the only one to have produced the pictures nominated Apocalypse Now 1979 Edit Main article Apocalypse Now Following the success of The Godfather The Conversation and The Godfather Part II Coppola began filming Apocalypse Now an adaptation of Joseph Conrad s Heart of Darkness set in Cambodia during the Vietnam War Coppola himself briefly cameos as a TV news director The production of the film was plagued by numerous problems including typhoons nervous breakdowns the firing of Harvey Keitel Martin Sheen s heart attack and extras from the Philippine military and half of the supplied helicopters leaving in the middle of scenes to fight rebels It was delayed so often it was nicknamed Apocalypse When 59 The 1991 documentary film Hearts of Darkness A Filmmaker s Apocalypse directed by Francis s wife Eleanor Coppola who was present through the production Fax Bahr and George Hickenlooper chronicles the difficulties the crew went through making Apocalypse Now and features behind the scenes footage filmed by Eleanor After filming Apocalypse Now Coppola famously stated 60 We were in the jungle there were too many of us we had access to too much money too much equipment and little by little we went insane The film was overwhelmingly praised by critics when it finally released in 1979 and was selected for the 1979 Cannes Film Festival winning the Palme d Or along with The Tin Drum directed by Volker Schlondorff When the film screened at Cannes Coppola quipped 59 My film is not about Vietnam it is Vietnam Apocalypse Now s reputation has grown in time and it is now regarded by many as a masterpiece of the New Hollywood era and is frequently cited as one of the greatest movies ever made 19 61 62 63 Roger Ebert considered it to be the finest film on the Vietnam War and included it in his list for the 2002 Sight amp Sound critics poll of the greatest movies ever made 64 65 In 2001 Coppola re released Apocalypse Now as Apocalypse Now Redux restoring several sequences lost from the original 1979 cut of the film thereby expanding its length to 200 minutes In 2019 Coppola re released Apocalypse Now once more as Apocalypse Now Final Cut claiming that version to be his favorite 1980s Edit One from the Heart 1982 Edit Coppola left and Petro VlahosApocalypse Now marked the end of the golden phase of Coppola s career 19 His 1982 musical fantasy One from the Heart although pioneering the use of video editing techniques that are standard practice in the film industry today ended with a disastrous box office gross of US 636 796 against a 26 million budget 66 and he was forced to sell the 23 acre Zoetrope Studio in 1983 21 He would spend the rest of the decade working to pay off his debts Zoetrope Studios finally filed for Chapter 11 bankruptcy in 1990 after which its name was changed to American Zoetrope 19 The Outsiders 1983 Edit In 1983 he directed The Outsiders a film adaptation of the novel of the same name by S E Hinton Coppola credited his inspiration for making the film to a suggestion from middle school students who had read the novel The Outsiders is notable for being the breakout film for a number of young actors who would go on to become major stars These included major roles for Matt Dillon Ralph Macchio and C Thomas Howell Also in the cast were Patrick Swayze Rob Lowe in his film debut Emilio Estevez Diane Lane and Tom Cruise Matt Dillon and several others also starred in Coppola s related film Rumble Fish which was also based on an S E Hinton novel and filmed at the same time as The Outsiders on location in Tulsa Oklahoma Carmine Coppola wrote and edited the musical score including the title song Stay Gold which was based upon a famous Robert Frost poem and performed for the movie by Stevie Wonder The film was a moderate box office success grossing 25 million 67 against a 10 million budget Rumble Fish 1983 Edit That same year he directed Rumble Fish based on the novel of the same name by S E Hinton who also co wrote the screenplay Shot in black and white as an homage to German expressionist films Rumble Fish centers on the relationship between a revered former gang leader Mickey Rourke and his younger brother Rusty James Matt Dillon The film bombed at the box office earning a meager 2 5 million against a 10 million budget and once again aggravating Coppola s financial troubles 68 The Cotton Club 1984 Edit In 1984 Coppola directed the Robert Evans produced The Cotton Club The film was nominated for several awards including the Golden Globes for Best Director and Best Picture Drama and Oscars for Best Film Editing and Best Art Direction However the film failed miserably at the box office earning only 25 9 million of the 47 9 million privately invested by brothers Fred and Ed Doumani 50 The same year he directed an episode of Shelley Duvall s Faerie Tale Theatre entitled Rip Van Winkle based on the short story where Harry Dean Stanton played the lead role 69 In 1986 Coppola directed Captain EO a 17 minute space fantasy for Disney theme parks executive produced by George Lucas starring singer Michael Jackson 70 Peggy Sue Got Married 1986 Edit Also in 1986 Coppola released the comedy Peggy Sue Got Married starring Kathleen Turner Coppola s nephew Nicolas Cage and Jim Carrey Much like The Outsiders and Rumble Fish Peggy Sue Got Married centered around teenage youth The film earned Coppola positive feedback and provided Kathleen Turner her first and only Oscar nomination It was Coppola s first box office success since The Outsiders 71 and the film ranked number 17 on Entertainment Weekly s list of 50 Best High School Movies 72 The following year Coppola re teamed with James Caan for Gardens of Stone but the film was overshadowed by the death of Coppola s eldest son Gian Carlo during the film s production The movie was not a critical success and underperformed commercially earning only 5 6 million against a 13 million budget 73 Coppola directed Tucker The Man and His Dream the year after that Being a biopic based on the life of Preston Tucker and his attempt to produce and market the Tucker 48 Coppola had originally conceived the project as a musical with Marlon Brando leading after the release of The Godfather Part II Ultimately it was Jeff Bridges who played the role of Preston Tucker Budgeted at 24 million the film received positive reviews and earned three nominations at the 62nd Academy Awards but grossed a disappointing 19 65 million at the box office It garnered two awards Martin Landau won the Golden Globe for Best Supporting Actor and Dean Tavoularis took BAFTA s honors for Best Production Design New York Stories 1989 Edit In 1989 Coppola teamed up with fellow Oscar winning directors Martin Scorsese and Woody Allen for an anthology film called New York Stories Coppola directed the Life Without Zoe segment starring his sister Talia Shire and also co wrote the film with his daughter Sofia Life Without Zoe was mostly panned by critics and was generally considered to be the segment that brought the film s overall quality down 74 75 Hal Hinson of The Washington Post wrote a particularly scathing review stating that It s impossible to know what Francis Coppola s Life Without Zoe is Co written with his daughter Sofia the film is a mystifying embarrassment it s by far the director s worst work yet 76 1990s Edit The Godfather Part III 1990 Edit Main article The Godfather Part III Coppola at the 1996 Cannes Film Festival In 1990 he released the third and final chapter of The Godfather series The Godfather Part III Coppola felt that the first two films had told the complete Corleone saga Coppola intended Part III to be an epilogue to the first two films 77 In his audio commentary for Part II he stated that only a dire financial situation caused by the failure of One from the Heart 1982 compelled him to take up Paramount s long standing offer to make a third installment 78 Coppola and Puzo preferred the title The Death of Michael Corleone but Paramount Pictures found that unacceptable 77 While not as critically acclaimed as the first two films 79 80 81 it was still commercially successful earning 136 million against a 54 million budget 82 Some reviewers criticized the casting of Coppola s daughter Sofia who stepped into the leading role of Mary Corleone which was abandoned by Winona Ryder just as filming began 79 Despite this The Godfather Part III went on to gather 7 Academy Award nominations including Best Director and Best Picture The film failed to win any of these awards which made it the only film in the trilogy to do so In September 2020 for the film s 30th anniversary it was announced that a new cut of the film titled Mario Puzo s The Godfather Coda The Death of Michael Corleone would have a limited theatrical release in December 2020 followed by digital and Blu ray 83 Coppola said the film is the version he and Puzo had originally envisioned and it vindicates its status among the trilogy and his daughter Sofia s performance 84 85 Bram Stoker s Dracula 1992 Edit Main article Bram Stoker s Dracula 1992 film In 1992 Coppola directed and produced Bram Stoker s Dracula Adapted from Bram Stoker s novel it was intended to follow the book more closely than previous film adaptations 86 Coppola cast Gary Oldman as the titular role with Keanu Reeves Winona Ryder and Anthony Hopkins in supporting roles The movie became a box office hit grossing 82 522 790 domestically making it the 15th highest grossing film of the year 87 It fared even better out of the country grossing 133 339 902 for a total worldwide gross of 215 862 692 against a budget of 40 million 88 making it the 9th highest grossing film of the year worldwide 89 The film won Academy Awards for Costume Design Makeup and Sound Editing Jack 1996 Edit Main article Jack 1996 film Coppola s next project was Jack which was released on August 9 1996 It starred Robin Williams as Jack Powell a ten year old boy whose cells are growing at four times the normal rate due to Werner syndrome which makes him look like a 40 year old man at the age of ten With Diane Lane Brian Kerwin and Bill Cosby Jack also featured Jennifer Lopez Fran Drescher and Michael McKean in supporting roles Although a moderate box office success grossing 58 million domestically on an estimated 45 million budget 90 it was panned by critics many of whom disliked the film s abrupt contrast between actual comedy and tragic melodrama 91 It was also unfavorably compared with the 1988 film Big in which Tom Hanks also played a child in a grown man s body 92 Most critics felt that the screenplay was poorly written not funny and had unconvincing and unbelievable drama 93 Other critics felt that Coppola was too talented to be making this type of film 94 Although ridiculed for making the film Coppola has defended it saying he is not ashamed of the final cut of the movie He had been friends with Robin Williams for many years and had always wanted to work with him as an actor 95 When Williams was offered the screenplay for Jack he said he would only agree to do it if Coppola agreed to sign on as director The Rainmaker 1997 Edit Main article The Rainmaker 1997 film The last film Coppola directed in the 1990s The Rainmaker was based on the 1995 novel of the same name by John Grisham An ensemble courtroom drama the film was well received by critics earning an 83 rating on Rotten Tomatoes 96 Roger Ebert gave The Rainmaker three stars out of four remarking I have enjoyed several of the movies based on Grisham novels but I ve usually seen the storyteller s craft rather than the novelist s art being reflected By keeping all of the little people in focus Coppola shows the variety of a young lawyer s life where every client is necessary and most of them need a lot more than a lawyer 97 James Berardinelli also gave the film three stars out of four saying that the intelligence and subtlety of The Rainmaker took me by surprise and that the film stands above any other filmed Grisham adaptation 98 Grisham said of the film To me it s the best adaptation of any of my books I love the movie It s so well done 99 The film grossed about 45 million domestically 100 more than the estimated production budget of 40 million but a disappointment compared to previous films adapted from Grisham novels Pinocchio dispute with Warner Bros Edit In the late 1980s Coppola started considering concepts for a motion picture based upon the 19th century Carlo Collodi novel The Adventures of Pinocchio and in 1991 Coppola and Warner Bros began discussing the project as well as two others one involving the life of J Edgar Hoover and the other based on the children s novel The Secret Garden These discussions led to negotiations for Coppola to both produce and direct the Pinocchio project for Warner Bros as well as The Secret Garden which was made in 1993 and produced by American Zoetrope but directed by Agnieszka Holland and Hoover which never came to fruition A film was eventually made by Clint Eastwood in 2011 titled J Edgar which was distributed by Warner Bros However in mid 1991 Coppola and Warner Bros came to a disagreement over the compensation to Coppola for his directing services on Pinocchio 101 In 1994 Coppola later approached another studio Columbia Pictures to produce the film 102 Warner Brothers then wrote to Columbia stating it had held the rights to Coppola s project which led to Columbia later dropping the project Coppola filed a lawsuit against Warner Bros alleging they had wrongfully prevented Columbia Pictures from making the film 103 The parties deferred this issue and a settlement was finally reached on July 3 1998 when the jurors in the resultant court case awarded Coppola 20 million as compensation for losing the Pinocchio film project 104 On that same day Warner Bros stated it would appeal the decision 105 A week later Coppola was awarded a further 60 million in punitive damages on top stemming from his charges that Warner Bros sabotaged his intended version 103 However in October 1998 then Superior Court Judge Madeleine Flier reversed the jury s 60 million award to Coppola 106 Warner Bros and Coppola then appealed each other s ruling in which Coppola sought to have his 60 million award restored In March 2001 the California Court of Appeals decided against Coppola on both counts 107 In July 2001 the California Supreme Court refused to hear the appellate decision bringing the litigation battle to a conclusive end 108 Contact dispute with Carl Sagan Warner Bros Edit Main article Contact During the filming of Contact on December 28 1996 Coppola filed a lawsuit against Carl Sagan and Warner Bros Sagan had died a week earlier 109 110 and Coppola claimed that Sagan s novel Contact was based on a story the pair had developed for a television special back in 1975 titled First Contact 109 Under their development agreement Coppola and Sagan were to split proceeds from the project as well as any novel Sagan would write with American Zoetrope and Children s Television Workshop Productions The television program was never produced but in 1985 Simon amp Schuster published Sagan s Contact and Warner Bros moved forward with development of a film adaptation Coppola sought at least 250 000 in compensatory damages and an injunction against production or distribution of the film 109 Even though Sagan was shown to have violated some of the terms of the agreement the case was dismissed in February 1998 because Coppola had waited too long to file suit 111 Supernova re edit Edit Main article Supernova 2000 film In August 1999 Coppola was brought in by MGM to supervise another re editing of the film Supernova costing 1 million at his American Zoetrope facility in Northern California This work included digitally placing Angela Bassett s and James Spader s faces on the bodies of a computer tinted Robin Tunney and Peter Facinelli so that their characters could have a love scene 112 However Coppola s re edited version had negative test screening and didn t get the PG 13 rating by the MPAA that the studio wanted Creature designer Patrick Tatopoulos whose special effects were mostly cut out from the film said that Walter Hill wanted the film to be much more grotesque strange and disturbing while MGM wanted to make it more of a hip sexy film in space and not with full blown makeup effects I hope that my experience in the film industry has helped improve the picture and rectified some of the problems that losing a director caused said Coppola 112 By October 1999 MGM decided to sell the film 113 The film was eventually released on January 17 2000 almost two years later than planned 114 2000s 2020s Edit Coppola at the 2001 Cannes Film Festival Youth Without Youth 2007 Edit Main article Youth Without Youth film After a 10 year hiatus Coppola returned to directing with Youth Without Youth in 2007 based on the novella of the same name by Romanian author Mircea Eliade The film was poorly reviewed currently holding a 30 rotten rating on Rotten Tomatoes 115 It was made for about 19 million and had a limited release only managing 2 624 759 at the box office 116 As a result Coppola announced his plans to produce his own films in order to avoid the marketing input that goes into most films which are intended to appeal to too wide an audience Tetro 2009 Edit Main article TetroIn 2009 Coppola released Tetro It was set in Argentina with the reunion of two brothers The story follows the rivalries born out of creative differences passed down through generations of an artistic Italian immigrant family 117 The film received generally positive reviews from critics On Metacritic the film has a weighted average metascore of 63 based on 19 reviews 118 Rotten Tomatoes reported that 70 of critics gave positive reviews based on 105 reviews with an average score of 6 3 10 119 Overall the Rotten Tomatoes consensus was A complex meditation on family dynamics Tetro s arresting visuals and emotional core compensate for its uneven narrative 119 Roger Ebert of the Chicago Sun Times gave the film 3 stars praising it for being boldly operatic involving family drama secrets generations at war melodrama romance and violence Ebert also praised Vincent Gallo s performance and claimed that Alden Ehrenreich is the new Leonardo DiCaprio 120 Todd McCarthy of Variety gave the film a B judging that when Coppola finds creative nirvana he frequently has trouble delivering the full goods 121 Richard Corliss of Time gave the film a mixed review praising Ehrenreich s performance but claiming Coppola has made a movie in which plenty happens but nothing rings true 122 The film made 2 636 774 worldwide 123 against a budget of 5 000 000 Coppola in April 2019 Twixt 2011 Edit Main article Twixt film Twixt starring Val Kilmer Elle Fanning Joanne Whalley and Bruce Dern and narrated by Tom Waits was released to film festivals in late 2011 124 and was released theatrically in early 2012 It received critical acclaim in France 125 but mostly negative reviews elsewhere 126 Distant Vision 2015 Edit Main article Distant VisionIn 2015 Coppola statedThat s why I ended my career I decided I didn t want to make what you could call factory movies anymore I would rather just experiment with the form and see what I could do and make things that came out of my own And little by little the commercial film industry went into the superhero business and everything was on such a scale The budgets were so big because they wanted to make the big series of films where they could make two or three parts I felt I was no longer interested enough to put in the extraordinary effort a film takes nowadays 127 Distant Vision is a semi autobiographical unfinished live broadcast project created in real time Proof of concepts were tested before limited audiences at Oklahoma City Community College in June 2015 and UCLA School of Theater in July 2016 128 The Godfather Coda The Death of Michael Corleone 2020 Edit In December 2020 a re edit of Godfather III The Godfather Coda The Death of Michael Corleone had a limited theatrical release followed by digital and Blu ray release in 2021 129 Coppola stated that The Godfather Part IV was never made because Mario Puzo died before they had a chance to write the film 130 Andy Garcia has since claimed the film s script was nearly produced 130 Coppola was the jury president at the 1996 Cannes Film Festival and he also took part as a special guest at the 17th Midnight Sun Film Festival in Sodankyla Finland 131 and the 46th International Thessaloniki Film Festival in Thessaloniki Greece Megalopolis TBA Edit Main article Megalopolis film In April 2019 Coppola announced that he plans to direct Megalopolis which he had been developing for many years prior 132 Speaking to Deadline he said I plan this year to begin my longstanding ambition to make a major work utilizing all I have learned during my long career beginning at age 16 doing theater and that will be an epic on a grand scale which I ve titled Megalopolis 133 He had planned to direct the movie a story about the aftermath and reconstruction of New York City after a mega disaster but after the real life disaster of the September 11 attacks the project was seen as being too sensitive 134 In August 2021 it was announced that Coppola had begun discussions with actors for the project and that he was aiming to begin principal photography in the fall of 2022 135 In April 2022 it was reported that filming was to take place from September 6 2022 to February 2 2023 In May 2022 the star cast was revealed Adam Driver Forest Whitaker Nathalie Emmanuel Jon Voight and Laurence Fishburne 136 In July it was reported that filming would instead begin in November 2022 at Trilith Studios in Fayetteville Georgia 137 138 In August it was revealed that Aubrey Plaza Talia Shire Shia LaBeouf Jason Schwartzman Kathryn Hunter James Remar and Grace VanderWaal joined the cast 139 140 In early October it was announced that Chloe Fineman Dustin Hoffman Bailey Ives Isabelle Kusman and D B Sweeney would also be joining the cast 141 Favorite films EditIn 2012 Coppola participated in the Sight amp Sound film polls of that year Held every ten years to select the greatest films of all time contemporary directors were asked to select ten films of their choice 142 The Apartment United States 1960 Ashes and Diamonds Poland 1958 The Bad Sleep Well Japan 1960 The Best Years of Our Lives United States 1946 I Vitelloni Italy 1953 The King of Comedy United States 1983 Raging Bull United States 1980 Singin in the Rain United States 1952 Sunrise United States 1927 Yojimbo Japan 1961 Filmography EditFurther information Francis Ford Coppola filmography Directed features Year Title Distributor1963 Dementia 13 American International Pictures1966 You re a Big Boy Now Warner Bros Seven Arts1968 Finian s Rainbow1969 The Rain People1972 The Godfather Paramount Pictures1974 The ConversationThe Godfather Part II1979 Apocalypse Now United Artists1982 One from the Heart Columbia Pictures1983 The Outsiders Warner Bros Rumble Fish Universal Pictures1984 The Cotton Club Orion Pictures1986 Peggy Sue Got Married TriStar Pictures1987 Gardens of Stone1988 Tucker The Man and His Dream Paramount Pictures1990 The Godfather Part III1992 Bram Stoker s Dracula Columbia Pictures1996 Jack Buena Vista Pictures1997 The Rainmaker Paramount Pictures2007 Youth Without Youth Sony Pictures Classics2009 Tetro Alta Films American Zoetrope2011 Twixt 20th Century Fox Home EntertainmentTBA MegalopolisAwards and nominations EditMain article List of awards and nominations received by Francis Ford Coppola Year Title Academy Awards BAFTA Awards Golden Globe AwardsNominations Wins Nominations Wins Nominations Wins1966 You re a Big Boy Now 1 1 31968 Finian s Rainbow 2 51972 The Godfather 10 3 5 1 7 61974 The Conversation 3 5 2 4The Godfather Part II 11 6 4 1 61979 Apocalypse Now 8 2 9 2 4 31982 One from the Heart 11983 Rumble Fish 11984 The Cotton Club 2 2 1 21986 Peggy Sue Got Married 3 21988 Tucker The Man and His Dream 3 1 1 1 11990 The Godfather Part III 7 71992 Bram Stoker s Dracula 4 3 41997 The Rainmaker 1Total 55 14 31 8 42 10Personal life EditFamily Edit See also Coppola family tree In 1963 Coppola married writer and documentary filmmaker Eleanor Jessie Neil She went on to co direct Hearts of Darkness A Filmmaker s Apocalypse Together they had three children Gian Carlo Coppola Roman Coppola and Sofia Coppola all of whom became filmmakers Gian Carlo died at the age of 22 due to a speedboating accident in 1986 He had one child Gia Coppola also a filmmaker Nicolas Cage and Jason Schwartzman are Coppola s nephews Politics Edit During the 1980 United States presidential election Coppola filmed a mass televised rally for California Governor and Democratic Party presidential candidate Jerry Brown at the Wisconsin State Capitol in Madison The rally failed in its goal to draw attention away from the other Democratic primary candidates Jimmy Carter and Ted Kennedy forcing Brown to drop out of the race 143 Over the years Coppola has worked with several Democratic political candidates including Mike Thompson and Nancy Pelosi for the U S House of Representatives and Barbara Boxer and Alan Cranston for the U S Senate 144 Controversy EditCoppola is renowned for being a financial and moral supporter of disgraced film director Victor Salva when Salva was charged with multiple child sexual abuse and child pornography offences 145 during the production of Clownhouse a film Coppola produced via American Zoetrope In a 2006 write up he said You have to remember while this was a tragedy that the difference in age between Victor and the boy was very small Victor was practically a child himself In actuality Salva was 29 while the boy was 12 Coppola has continued to support Salva financially and professionally throughout the years since 146 After the post production of Clownhouse was over Coppola told the boy he would never work in the industry again and he never did Coppola later tried to sue him for breach of contract 147 Commercial ventures EditAmerican Zoetrope Edit Main article American Zoetrope In 1971 Coppola produced George Lucas first film THX 1138 Shortly after completion of production they brought the finished film to Warner Bros along with several other scripts for potential projects at their newly founded company American Zoetrope However studio executives strongly disliked all of the scripts including THX and demanded that Coppola repay the 300 000 they had loaned him for the Zoetrope studio as well as insisting on cutting five minutes from the film The debt nearly closed Zoetrope and forced Coppola to reluctantly focus on The Godfather 148 Zoetrope Virtual Studio Edit American Zoetrope also administers the Zoetrope Virtual Studio a complete motion picture production studio for members only Launched in June 2000 as the culmination of more than four years of work it brings together departments for screenwriters directors producers and other filmmaker artists as well as new departments for other creative endeavors such as the short story vending machine project 149 Inglenook Winery Edit Coppola with his family expanded his business ventures to include winemaking in California s Napa Valley when in 1975 he purchased the former home and adjoining vineyard of Gustave Niebaum in Rutherford California using proceeds from The Godfather 150 His winery produced its first vintage in 1977 with the help of his father wife and children stomping the grapes barefoot Every year the family has a harvest party to continue the tradition 151 After purchasing the property he produced wine under the Niebaum Coppola label He purchased the former Inglenook Winery chateau in 1995 152 and renamed it to Rubicon Estate Winery in 2006 On April 11 2011 Coppola acquired the Inglenook trademark 153 paying more he said for the trademark than he did for the entire estate 154 and announced that the estate would once again be known by its historic original name Inglenook Its grapes are entirely organically grown Uptown Theater Edit George Altamura a real estate developer announced in 2003 that he had partnered with several people including Coppola in a project to restore the Uptown Theater in downtown Napa California in order to create a live entertainment venue 155 Francis Ford Coppola Presents Edit Coppola is the owner of Francis Ford Coppola Presents a lifestyle brand under which he markets goods from companies he owns or controls It includes films and videos resorts cafes a literary magazine a line of pastas and pasta sauces called Mammarella Foods and a winery 156 157 158 Winery Edit The Francis Ford Coppola Winery near Geyserville California 159 located on the former Chateau Souverain Winery 160 where he has opened a family friendly facility is influenced by the idea of the Tivoli Gardens in Copenhagen 161 with swimming pools bocce courts and a restaurant The winery displays several of Coppola s Oscars along with memorabilia from his movies including Vito Corleone s desk from The Godfather and a restored 1948 Tucker Sedan as used in Tucker The Man and His Dream In October 2018 Coppola and family purchased the Vista Hills winery in Dayton Oregon and in 2019 renamed it to Domaine de Broglie In August 2021 Coppola sold Francis Ford Coppola Winery and Virginia Dare Winery to Delicato Family Wines Resorts Edit Palazzo Margherita in Bernalda owned by Coppola Included in the Francis Ford Coppola Presents lifestyle brand are several hotels and resorts around the world The Blancaneaux Lodge in Belize which from the early 1980s was a family retreat until it was opened to the public in 1993 as a 20 room luxury resort 162 and The Turtle Inn in Placencia Belize 163 both of which have won several prestigious awards including Travel Leisure s World s Best Best Resort in Central amp South America La Lancha in Lago Peten Itza Guatemala 164 Jardin Escondido in Buenos Aires Argentina 165 and Palazzo Margherita in Bernalda Italy 166 Cafe and restaurant Edit In San Francisco Coppola owns a restaurant named Cafe Zoetrope located in the Sentinel Building where American Zoetrope is based 167 It serves traditional Italian cuisine and wine from his personal estate vineyard For 14 years from 1994 Coppola co owned the Rubicon restaurant in San Francisco along with Robin Williams and Robert De Niro Rubicon closed in August 2008 168 Literary publications Edit Coppola bought out the San Francisco based magazine City in the 1970s with the intent of publishing a service magazine that informed readers about sights and activities in selected cities 169 The magazine was unsuccessful and he lost 1 5 million on this venture 170 In 1997 Coppola founded Zoetrope All Story a literary magazine devoted to short stories and design The magazine publishes fiction by emerging writers alongside more recognizable names such as Woody Allen Margaret Atwood Haruki Murakami Alice Munro Don DeLillo Mary Gaitskill and Edward Albee as well as essays including ones from Mario Vargas Llosa David Mamet Steven Spielberg and Salman Rushdie Each issue is designed in its entirety by a prominent artist one usually working outside his her expected field Previous guest designers include Gus Van Sant Tom Waits Laurie Anderson Marjane Satrapi Guillermo del Toro David Bowie David Byrne and Dennis Hopper Coppola serves as founding editor and publisher of All Story Cannabis brand Edit In 2018 Coppola launched Sana Company LLC and released a cannabis brand known as The Grower s Series 171 172 The collection was created in partnership with the Humboldt Brothers a Humboldt County cannabis farm 173 Coppola debuted the brand in San Francisco California in October 2018 at the private cannabis dining club series known as Thursday Infused organized by The Herb Somm Jamie Evans 174 172 Coppola packaged The Grower s Series in a mock black tin wine bottle resembling his wine brand 175 The Grower s Series showcases three cannabis strains a sativa indica and hybrid 176 Advertisements Edit Coppola appeared in a commercial for Suntory Reserve in 1980 alongside Akira Kurosawa the commercial was filmed while Kurosawa was making Kagemusha which Coppola produced 177 See also Edit Film portal United States portalCoppola family tree List of celebrities who own wineries and vineyards List of wine personalitiesReferences Edit THE GODFATHER CODA THE DEATH OF MICHAEL CORLEONE Francis Ford Coppola Featurette Paramount Pictures November 17 2020 Retrieved April 6 2022 A Special Message from Director Francis Ford Coppola StudioCanal UK September 9 2021 Retrieved April 6 2022 This Is YouTube YouTube March 4 2010 Retrieved April 6 2022 Francis Ford Coppola at the Encyclopaedia Britannica Francis Ford Coppola 10 essential films Archived from the original on January 11 2020 Retrieved September 19 2019 Barry Langford 2005 Film Genre Hollywood and Beyond Edinburgh University Press p 134 Mariani John An Interview With Francis Ford Coppola Master Filmmaker And Major Wine Producer Forbes Retrieved July 4 2020 Saxon Wolfgang April 27 1991 Carmine Coppola 80 Conductor And Composer for His Son s Films The New York Times Archived from the original on December 30 2016 Retrieved February 16 2017 a b Cowie Peter 1988 Coppola a biography Da Capo Press 2 ISBN 978 0 306 80598 1 Cabanatuan Michael January 23 2004 Italia Coppola mother of filmmaker SFGate Archived from the original on March 25 2014 Retrieved May 14 2014 The Dream And Its Men Francis Ford Coppola And George Lucas Immortalize A Legendary Car And Its Inventor on Film Sun Sentinel August 14 1988 Archived from the original on June 16 2013 Retrieved May 25 2013 Francis Ford Coppola The New York Times Archived from the original on June 1 2013 Retrieved May 25 2013 Jones Jenny M September 21 2021 The Annotated Godfather 50th Anniversary Edition The Complete Screenplay Commentary on Every Scene Interviews and Little Known Facts Running Press ISBN 978 0 7624 7382 3 Delicato Armando 2005 Italians in Detroit Arcadia Publishing ISBN 978 0 7385 3985 0 a b c d Francis Ford Coppola 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9781681373799 Francis Ford Coppola 1939 Biography from Baseline s Encyclopedia of Film Archived from the original on December 3 2010 Retrieved October 27 2010 Rense Sarah November 5 2018 Francis Ford Coppola Made a Cannabis to Go With His Wine Esquire Retrieved August 25 2021 a b Shapiro Katie Francis Ford Coppola Goes From Wine To Weed With New Cannabis Lifestyle Company Forbes Retrieved August 25 2021 Coppola adds cannabis to his wine empire Santa Rosa Press Democrat November 2 2018 Retrieved August 25 2021 Francis Ford Coppola Debuts Cannabis Line at Thursday Infused Cannabis Now October 31 2018 Retrieved August 25 2021 Carl Tim Tim Carl Coppola and Cannabis a veteran vintner releases The Growers Series Napa Valley Register Retrieved August 25 2021 Francis Ford Coppola s New Cash Crop 99 Eighth Ounces Leafly January 12 2019 Retrieved October 22 2021 Baldvin Henry February 16 2016 See these Japanese whisky commercials Archived from the original on October 28 2019 Retrieved March 26 2020 Further reading EditChown Jeffrey May 1988 Hollywood auteur Francis Coppola Praeger Publishers ISBN 978 0 275 92910 7 External links Edit Wikimedia Commons has media related to Francis Ford Coppola Francis Ford Coppola at IMDb Francis Ford Coppola at AllMovie Francis Ford Coppola Texas Monthly Talks YouTube video posted on November 24 2008 2007 Francis Ford Coppola Video Interview with InterviewingHollywood com Archived February 17 2016 at the Wayback Machine Bibliography at the University of California Berkeley Library Perfecting the Rubicon An interview with Francis Ford Coppola Back to Bernalda by Coppola T December 8 2012 Works by Francis Ford Coppola at Open Library Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Francis Ford Coppola amp oldid 1133551919, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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