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Capetian dynasty

January 01, 1970

For the "Direct Capetians", who ruled France from 987 to 1328, see House of Capet.

The Capetian dynasty (/kəˈpiːʃən/ kə-PEE-shən; French: Capétiens), also known as the "House of France", is a dynasty of European origin, and a branch of the Robertians and the Karlings. It is among the largest and oldest royal houses in Europe and the world, and consists of Hugh Capet, the founder of the dynasty, and his male-line descendants, who ruled in France without interruption from 987 to 1792, and again from 1814 to 1848. The senior line ruled in France as the House of Capet from the election of Hugh Capet in 987 until the death of Charles IV in 1328. That line was succeeded by cadet branches, the Houses of Valois and then Bourbon, which ruled without interruption until the French Revolution abolished the monarchy in 1792. The Bourbons were restored in 1814 in the aftermath of Napoleon's defeat, but had to vacate the throne again in 1830 in favour of the last Capetian monarch of France, Louis Philippe I, who belonged to the House of Orléans. Cadet branches of the Capetian House of Bourbon are still reigning over Spain and Luxembourg.

House of Capet

One variation of the Capetian Armorial
Parent houseRobertians, Karlings
Country
List
Founded987; 1037 years ago (987)
FounderHugh Capet
Current headLouis Alphonse, Duke of Anjou
Cadet branchesSee below

The dynasty had a crucial role in the formation of the French state. Initially obeyed only in their own demesne, the Île-de-France, the Capetian kings slowly but steadily increased their power and influence until it grew to cover the entirety of their realm. For a detailed narration on the growth of French royal power, see Crown lands of France.

Members of the dynasty were traditionally Catholic, and the early Capetians had an alliance with the Church. The French were also the most active participants in the Crusades, culminating in a series of five Crusader kings – Louis VII, Philip Augustus, Louis VIII, Louis IX, and Philip III. The Capetian alliance with the papacy suffered a severe blow after the disaster of the Aragonese Crusade. Philip III's son and successor, Philip IV, humiliated Pope Boniface VIII and brought the papacy under French control. The later Valois, starting with Francis I, ignored religious differences and allied with the Ottoman sultan to counter the growing power of the Holy Roman Empire. Henry IV was a Protestant at the time of his accession, but realized the necessity of conversion after four years of religious warfare.

The Capetians generally enjoyed a harmonious family relationship. By tradition, younger sons and brothers of the king of France were given appanages for them to maintain their rank and to dissuade them from claiming the French crown itself. When Capetian cadets did aspire for kingship, their ambitions were directed not at the French throne, but at foreign thrones. As a result, the Capetians have reigned at different times in the kingdoms of Portugal, Sicily and Naples, Navarre, Hungary and Croatia, Poland, Spain and Sardinia, grand dukedoms of Lithuania and Luxembourg, and in Latin and Brazilian empires.

In modern times, King Felipe VI of Spain is a member of this family, while Grand Duke Henri of Luxembourg is related to the family by agnatic kinship; both through the Bourbon branch of the dynasty. Along with the House of Habsburg, arguably its greatest historic rival, it was one of the two oldest European royal dynasties. It was also one of the most powerful royal family in European history, having played a major role in its politics for much of its existence. According to Oxford University, 75% of all royal families in European history, are related to the Capetian dynasty.[1][2][3]

Name origins and usage edit

The name of the dynasty derives from its founder, Hugh, who was known as "Hugh Capet".[4] The meaning of "Capet" (a nickname rather than a surname of the modern sort) is unknown. While folk etymology identifies it with "cape", other suggestions indicate it might be connected to the Latin word caput ("head"), and explain it as meaning "chief" or "head".[citation needed]

Historians in the 19th century (see House of France) came to apply the name "Capetian" to both the ruling house of France and to the wider-spread male-line descendants of Hugh Capet. It was not a contemporary practice. The name "Capet" has also been used as a surname for French royalty, particularly but not exclusively those of the House of Capet. One notable use was during the French Revolution, when the dethroned King Louis XVI (a member of the House of Bourbon and a direct male-line descendant of Hugh Capet) and Queen Marie Antoinette (a member of the House of Habsburg-Lorraine) were referred to as "Louis and Antoinette Capet" (the queen being addressed as "the Widow Capet" after the execution of her husband).

Capetian miracle edit

 
12th-century portrait of Hugh Capet. His direct descendants ruled France for many centuries.

The Capetian miracle (French: Miracle capétien) refers to the dynasty's ability to attain and hold onto the French crown.[5][page needed]

In 987, Hugh Capet was elected to succeed Louis V of the Carolingian dynasty that had ruled France for over three centuries. By a process of associating elder sons with them in the kingship, the early Capetians established the hereditary succession in their family and transformed a theoretically electoral kingship into a sacral one. By the time of Philip II Augustus, who became king in 1180, the Capetian hold on power was so strong that the practice of associate kingship was dropped. While the Capetian monarchy began as one of the weakest in Europe, drastically eclipsed by the new Anglo-Norman realm in England (who, as dukes of Normandy, were technically their vassals) and even other great lords of France, the political value of orderly succession in the Middle Ages cannot be overstated. The orderly succession of power from father to son over such a long period of time meant that the French monarchs, who originally were essentially just the direct rulers of the Île-de-France, were able to preserve and extend their power, while over the course of centuries the great peers of the realm would eventually lose their power in one succession crisis or another.

By comparison, the Crusader Kingdom of Jerusalem was constantly beset with internal succession disputes because each generation only produced female heirs who tended to die young. Even the English monarchy encountered severe succession crises, such as The Anarchy of the 1120s between Stephen and Matilda, and the murder of Arthur I, Duke of Brittany, the primogeniture heir of Richard I of England. The latter case would deal a severe blow to the prestige of King John, leading to the eventual destruction of Angevin hegemony in France. In contrast, the French kings were able to maintain uncontested father-to-son succession from the time of Hugh Capet until the succession crisis which began the Hundred Years' War of the 14th century.

The Robertians and before edit

Main article: Robertians

The dynastic surname now used to describe Hugh Capet's family prior to his election as King of France is "Robertians" or "Robertines." The name is derived from the family's first certain ancestor, Robert the Strong (b. 820), the count of Paris. Robert was probably son of Robert III of Worms (b. 800) and grandson of Robert of Hesbaye (b. 770). The Robertians probably originated in the county Hesbaye, around Tongeren in modern-day Belgium. The sons of Robert the Strong were Odo and Robert, who both ruled as king of Western Francia. The family became Counts of Paris under Odo and Dukes of the Franks under Robert, possessing large parts of Neustria.

In the late 9th century, King Robert I, grandfather of Hugh Capet, married Beatrice of Vermandois, a direct descendant of Charlemagne, thus making the Capetian dynasty a cadet branch of the Carolingian dynasty.[6][7]

The Carolingian dynasty ceased to rule France upon the death of Louis V. After the death of Louis V, the son of Hugh the Great, Hugh Capet, was elected by the nobility as king of France. Hugh was crowned at Noyon on 3 July 987 with the full support from Holy Roman Emperor Otto III. With Hugh's coronation, a new era began for France, and his descendants came to be named the Capetians, with the Capetian dynasty and its cadet branches such as the House of Valois ruling France for more than 800 years (987–1848, with two interruptions during the French Revolutionary and Napoleonic Wars, first between 1792 and 1814, and then for three months in 1815.)

Robertian family branches edit

Capetians through history edit

 
Hugh Capet's line, from the Genealogy of the Third Lineage of King of the Franks

Over the succeeding centuries, Capetians spread throughout Europe, ruling every form of provincial unit from kingdoms to manors.

Salic law edit

Salic law, re-established during the Hundred Years' War from an ancient Frankish tradition, caused the French monarchy to permit only male (agnatic) descendants of Hugh to succeed to the throne of France.

Without Salic law, upon the death of John I, the crown would have passed to his half-sister, Joan (later Joan II of Navarre). However, Joan's paternity was suspect due to her mother's adultery in the Tour de Nesle Affair; the French magnates adopted Salic law to avoid the succession of a possible bastard.

In 1328, King Charles IV of France died without male heirs, as his brothers did before him. Philip of Valois, the late king's first cousin, acted as regent, pending the birth of the king's posthumous child, which proved to be a girl. Isabella of France, sister of Charles IV, claimed the throne for her son, Edward III of England. The English king did not find support among the French lords, who made Philip of Valois their king. From then on the French succession not only excluded females but also rejected claims based on the female line of descent.

Thus the French crown passed from the House of Capet after the death of Charles IV to Philip VI of France of the House of Valois, a cadet branch of the Capetian dynasty,

  • then to Louis II, Duke of Orléans, of the Orléans branch of the Valois, who became Louis XII of France,
  • then to Francis, Duke of Valois, Count of Angoulème, who became Francis I of France, and his descendants, of the Orléans-Angoulème,
  • then to Henry III of Navarre, who became Henry IV of France, of the House of Bourbon, a cadet branch of the Capetian dynasty.

This did not affect monarchies not under that law such as Portugal, Spain, Navarre, and various smaller duchies and counties. Therefore, many royal families appear and disappear in the French succession or become cadet branches upon marriage. A complete list of the senior-most line of Capetians is available below.

Capetian cadet branches edit

The Capetian dynasty has been broken many times into (sometimes rival) cadet branches. A cadet branch is a line of descent from another line than the senior-most. This list of cadet branches shows most of the Capetian cadet lines and designating their royal French progenitor, although some sub-branches are not shown.

See also: Armorial of the Capetian dynasty

Descendants of Philip III of France edit

Descendants of Louis IX of France edit

Descendants of Louis VIII of France edit

Descendants of Louis VI of France edit

Descendants of Henry I of France edit

Descendants of Robert II of France edit

Sovereigns from the Capetian dynasty edit

Latin Empire edit

Kingdom of Albania edit

Kingdom of Etruria edit

Kingdom of France edit

Kingdom of Hungary edit

Kingdom of Naples edit

Kingdom of Navarre edit

Kingdom of Poland edit

Kingdom and County of Portugal edit

Kingdom of Sicily edit

Kingdom of Spain edit

Kingdom of the Two Sicilies edit

Grand Duchy of Lithuania edit

Grand Duchy of Luxembourg edit

Duchy of Brabant edit

Duchy of Brittany edit

Duchy of Burgundy edit

Duchy of Lorraine edit

Duchy of Lucca edit

Duchy of Luxemburg edit

Duchy of Milan edit

Duchy of Parma edit

Principality of Achaea edit

Principality of Taranto edit

Marquisate of Namur edit

Illegitimate descent edit

Empire of Brazil edit

Kingdom of Portugal edit

Senior Capets edit

Throughout most of history, the Senior Capet and the King of France were synonymous terms. Only in the time before Hugh Capet took the crown for himself and after the reign of Charles X is there a distinction such that the senior Capet must be identified independently from succession to the French Crown. However, since primogeniture and the Salic law provided for the succession of the French throne for most of French history, here is a list of all the French kings from Hugh until Charles, and all the Legitimist pretenders thereafter. All dates are for seniority, not reign.

King of France:

Legitimist Pretenders:

The Capetian dynasty today edit

Many years have passed since the Capetian monarchs ruled a large part of Europe; however, they still remain as kings, as well as other titles. Currently two Capetian monarchs still rule in Spain and Luxembourg. In addition, seven pretenders represent exiled dynastic monarchies in Brazil, France, Spain, Portugal, Parma and Two Sicilies. The current legitimate, senior family member is Louis-Alphonse de Bourbon, known by his supporters as Duke of Anjou, who also holds the Legitimist (Blancs d'Espagne) claim to the French throne. Overall, dozens of branches of the Capetian dynasty still exist throughout Europe.

Except for the House of Braganza (founded by an illegitimate son of King John I of Portugal, who was himself illegitimate), all current major Capetian branches are of the Bourbon cadet branch. Within the House of Bourbon, many of these lines are themselves well-defined cadet lines of the House.

Current Capetian rulers edit

Current Capetian pretenders edit

Arms of cadet branches edit

Main article: List of coats of arms of the Capetian dynasty
Arms of branches founded before Philip Augustus
 
House of Burgundy
 
House of Vermandois
 
House of Dreux
 
House of Courtenay
Arms of branches founded after Philip Augustus
 
House of Artois
 
House of Anjou
 
House of Bourbon
 
House of Valois
 
House of Évreux

Family tree edit

List of male-line members of the House of Capet

Male, male-line, legitimate, non-morganatic members of the house who either lived to adulthood, or who held a title as a child, are included. Heads of the house are in bold.

See also edit

Notes edit

Works cited edit

  • Naus, James (2016). Constructing kingship : the Capetian monarchs of France and the early Crusades. Manchester University Press. ISBN 9780719090974.

Further reading edit

  • Ingmar Krause: Konflikt und Ritual im Herrschaftsbereich der frühen Capetinger – Untersuchungen zur Darstellung und Funktion symbolischen Verhaltens. (in German). Rhema-Verlag, Münster 2006, ISBN 978-3-930454-62-4
  • Fawtier, Robert. The Capetian Kings of France: Monarchy & Nation (987–1328). Macmillan, 1960. (translated from French edition of 1941)
  • Hallam, Elizabeth M. Capetian France 987–1328. Longman, 1980.
  • Le Hête, Thierry. Les Capetiens: Le Livre du Millenaire. Editions Christian, 1987.

External links edit

  • Genealogies of the Capetian dynasty from Genealogy.eu
  • Capetian Kings: Chart of 148 Kings, France, Spain, England, etc, 500 yr timeline and wiki links
  1. ^ An Empire of Memory: The Legend of Charlemagne, the Franks, and Jerusalem before the First Crusade. Oxford University Press. 2011. p. 22. ISBN 978-0-19-161640-2.
  2. ^ MacLagan, Michael; Louda, Jiri (1984). Lines of Succession: Heraldry of the Royal Families of Europe. London: Orbis. ISBN 978-0-85613-672-6.
  3. ^ Hallam, Elizabeth M.; Everard, Judith (2001). Capetian France, 987–1328 (second ed.). Harlow, UK: Longman. ISBN 978-0-582-40428-1.
  4. ^ Bradbury, Jim (2007). The Capetians: Kings of France 987–1328. Bloomsbury Publishing. ISBN 978-0-8264-2491-4.
  5. ^ Naus 2016.
  6. ^ Detlev Schwennicke, Europäische Stammtafeln: Stammtafeln zur Geschichte der Europäischen Staaten, Neue Folge, Band II (Marburg, Germany: J. A. Stargardt, 1984), Tafeln 10, 11
  7. ^ Pierre Riché, The Carolingians; A Family Who Forged Europe, trans. Michael Idomir Allen (Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 1993), pp. 371, 375

January 01, 1970
capetian, dynasty, direct, capetians, ruled, france, from, 1328, house, capet, this, article, includes, list, general, references, lacks, sufficient, corresponding, inline, citations, please, help, improve, this, article, introducing, more, precise, citations,. For the Direct Capetians who ruled France from 987 to 1328 see House of Capet This article includes a list of general references but it lacks sufficient corresponding inline citations Please help to improve this article by introducing more precise citations January 2008 Learn how and when to remove this message The Capetian dynasty k e ˈ p iː ʃ en ke PEE shen French Capetiens also known as the House of France is a dynasty of European origin and a branch of the Robertians and the Karlings It is among the largest and oldest royal houses in Europe and the world and consists of Hugh Capet the founder of the dynasty and his male line descendants who ruled in France without interruption from 987 to 1792 and again from 1814 to 1848 The senior line ruled in France as the House of Capet from the election of Hugh Capet in 987 until the death of Charles IV in 1328 That line was succeeded by cadet branches the Houses of Valois and then Bourbon which ruled without interruption until the French Revolution abolished the monarchy in 1792 The Bourbons were restored in 1814 in the aftermath of Napoleon s defeat but had to vacate the throne again in 1830 in favour of the last Capetian monarch of France Louis Philippe I who belonged to the House of Orleans Cadet branches of the Capetian House of Bourbon are still reigning over Spain and Luxembourg House of CapetOne variation of the Capetian ArmorialParent houseRobertians KarlingsCountryList Kingdom of France 987 1792 1814 1815 1815 1848 Kingdom of Portugal 1139 1383 1385 1580 and 1640 1853 through illegitimate branches Latin Empire 1216 1261 Kingdom of Sicily Naples Two Sicilies 1266 1442 1501 1504 1700 1714 1735 1861 Kingdom of Navarre 1284 1441 1555 1562 1572 1620 Kingdom of Hungary and Croatia 1308 1395 Kingdom of Poland 1370 1399 1573 1575 Grand Duchy of Lithuania 1573 1575 Kingdom of Spain 1700 1868 1874 1931 since 1975 Kingdom of Sardinia 1700 1714 Kingdom Empire of Brazil 1815 1889 through illegitimate branch Grand Duchy of Luxembourg since 1964 Founded987 1037 years ago 987 FounderHugh CapetCurrent headLouis Alphonse Duke of AnjouCadet branchesSee below The dynasty had a crucial role in the formation of the French state Initially obeyed only in their own demesne the Ile de France the Capetian kings slowly but steadily increased their power and influence until it grew to cover the entirety of their realm For a detailed narration on the growth of French royal power see Crown lands of France Members of the dynasty were traditionally Catholic and the early Capetians had an alliance with the Church The French were also the most active participants in the Crusades culminating in a series of five Crusader kings Louis VII Philip Augustus Louis VIII Louis IX and Philip III The Capetian alliance with the papacy suffered a severe blow after the disaster of the Aragonese Crusade Philip III s son and successor Philip IV humiliated Pope Boniface VIII and brought the papacy under French control The later Valois starting with Francis I ignored religious differences and allied with the Ottoman sultan to counter the growing power of the Holy Roman Empire Henry IV was a Protestant at the time of his accession but realized the necessity of conversion after four years of religious warfare The Capetians generally enjoyed a harmonious family relationship By tradition younger sons and brothers of the king of France were given appanages for them to maintain their rank and to dissuade them from claiming the French crown itself When Capetian cadets did aspire for kingship their ambitions were directed not at the French throne but at foreign thrones As a result the Capetians have reigned at different times in the kingdoms of Portugal Sicily and Naples Navarre Hungary and Croatia Poland Spain and Sardinia grand dukedoms of Lithuania and Luxembourg and in Latin and Brazilian empires In modern times King Felipe VI of Spain is a member of this family while Grand Duke Henri of Luxembourg is related to the family by agnatic kinship both through the Bourbon branch of the dynasty Along with the House of Habsburg arguably its greatest historic rival it was one of the two oldest European royal dynasties It was also one of the most powerful royal family in European history having played a major role in its politics for much of its existence According to Oxford University 75 of all royal families in European history are related to the Capetian dynasty 1 2 3 Contents 1 Name origins and usage 2 Capetian miracle 3 The Robertians and before 3 1 Robertian family branches 4 Capetians through history 4 1 Salic law 4 2 Capetian cadet branches 4 2 1 Descendants of Philip III of France 4 2 2 Descendants of Louis IX of France 4 2 3 Descendants of Louis VIII of France 4 2 4 Descendants of Louis VI of France 4 2 5 Descendants of Henry I of France 4 2 6 Descendants of Robert II of France 4 3 Sovereigns from the Capetian dynasty 4 3 1 Latin Empire 4 3 2 Kingdom of Albania 4 3 3 Kingdom of Etruria 4 3 4 Kingdom of France 4 3 5 Kingdom of Hungary 4 3 6 Kingdom of Naples 4 3 7 Kingdom of Navarre 4 3 8 Kingdom of Poland 4 3 9 Kingdom and County of Portugal 4 3 10 Kingdom of Sicily 4 3 11 Kingdom of Spain 4 3 12 Kingdom of the Two Sicilies 4 3 13 Grand Duchy of Lithuania 4 3 14 Grand Duchy of Luxembourg 4 3 15 Duchy of Brabant 4 3 16 Duchy of Brittany 4 3 17 Duchy of Burgundy 4 3 18 Duchy of Lorraine 4 3 19 Duchy of Lucca 4 3 20 Duchy of Luxemburg 4 3 21 Duchy of Milan 4 3 22 Duchy of Parma 4 3 23 Principality of Achaea 4 3 24 Principality of Taranto 4 3 25 Marquisate of Namur 4 4 Illegitimate descent 4 4 1 Empire of Brazil 4 4 2 Kingdom of Portugal 5 Senior Capets 6 The Capetian dynasty today 6 1 Current Capetian rulers 6 2 Current Capetian pretenders 7 Arms of cadet branches 8 Family tree 9 See also 10 Notes 10 1 Works cited 11 Further reading 12 External linksName origins and usage editThe name of the dynasty derives from its founder Hugh who was known as Hugh Capet 4 The meaning of Capet a nickname rather than a surname of the modern sort is unknown While folk etymology identifies it with cape other suggestions indicate it might be connected to the Latin word caput head and explain it as meaning chief or head citation needed Historians in the 19th century see House of France came to apply the name Capetian to both the ruling house of France and to the wider spread male line descendants of Hugh Capet It was not a contemporary practice The name Capet has also been used as a surname for French royalty particularly but not exclusively those of the House of Capet One notable use was during the French Revolution when the dethroned King Louis XVI a member of the House of Bourbon and a direct male line descendant of Hugh Capet and Queen Marie Antoinette a member of the House of Habsburg Lorraine were referred to as Louis and Antoinette Capet the queen being addressed as the Widow Capet after the execution of her husband Capetian miracle edit nbsp 12th century portrait of Hugh Capet His direct descendants ruled France for many centuries The Capetian miracle French Miracle capetien refers to the dynasty s ability to attain and hold onto the French crown 5 page needed In 987 Hugh Capet was elected to succeed Louis V of the Carolingian dynasty that had ruled France for over three centuries By a process of associating elder sons with them in the kingship the early Capetians established the hereditary succession in their family and transformed a theoretically electoral kingship into a sacral one By the time of Philip II Augustus who became king in 1180 the Capetian hold on power was so strong that the practice of associate kingship was dropped While the Capetian monarchy began as one of the weakest in Europe drastically eclipsed by the new Anglo Norman realm in England who as dukes of Normandy were technically their vassals and even other great lords of France the political value of orderly succession in the Middle Ages cannot be overstated The orderly succession of power from father to son over such a long period of time meant that the French monarchs who originally were essentially just the direct rulers of the Ile de France were able to preserve and extend their power while over the course of centuries the great peers of the realm would eventually lose their power in one succession crisis or another By comparison the Crusader Kingdom of Jerusalem was constantly beset with internal succession disputes because each generation only produced female heirs who tended to die young Even the English monarchy encountered severe succession crises such as The Anarchy of the 1120s between Stephen and Matilda and the murder of Arthur I Duke of Brittany the primogeniture heir of Richard I of England The latter case would deal a severe blow to the prestige of King John leading to the eventual destruction of Angevin hegemony in France In contrast the French kings were able to maintain uncontested father to son succession from the time of Hugh Capet until the succession crisis which began the Hundred Years War of the 14th century The Robertians and before editThis section needs additional citations for verification Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources in this section Unsourced material may be challenged and removed Find sources France Robertian dynasty news newspapers books scholar JSTOR July 2022 Learn how and when to remove this message Main article Robertians The dynastic surname now used to describe Hugh Capet s family prior to his election as King of France is Robertians or Robertines The name is derived from the family s first certain ancestor Robert the Strong b 820 the count of Paris Robert was probably son of Robert III of Worms b 800 and grandson of Robert of Hesbaye b 770 The Robertians probably originated in the county Hesbaye around Tongeren in modern day Belgium The sons of Robert the Strong were Odo and Robert who both ruled as king of Western Francia The family became Counts of Paris under Odo and Dukes of the Franks under Robert possessing large parts of Neustria In the late 9th century King Robert I grandfather of Hugh Capet married Beatrice of Vermandois a direct descendant of Charlemagne thus making the Capetian dynasty a cadet branch of the Carolingian dynasty 6 7 The Carolingian dynasty ceased to rule France upon the death of Louis V After the death of Louis V the son of Hugh the Great Hugh Capet was elected by the nobility as king of France Hugh was crowned at Noyon on 3 July 987 with the full support from Holy Roman Emperor Otto III With Hugh s coronation a new era began for France and his descendants came to be named the Capetians with the Capetian dynasty and its cadet branches such as the House of Valois ruling France for more than 800 years 987 1848 with two interruptions during the French Revolutionary and Napoleonic Wars first between 1792 and 1814 and then for three months in 1815 Robertian family branches edit Rodbert Ingerman of Hesbaye Ermengarde of Hesbaye wife of Louis the Pious Cancor founder of the Lorsch Abbey Heimrich 795 count in the Lahngau Poppo of Grapfeld 839 41 ancestor of the Frankish House of Babenberg Landrada Saint Chrodogang Archbishop of Metz Abbot of the Lorsch Abbey Robert of Hesbaye Robert III of Worms Robert the Strong Odo king of Western Francia Richildis married to a count of Troyes Robert king of Western Francia Emma married Rudolph of Burgundy Adela married Herbert II Count of Vermandois Hugh the Great Hugh Capet founder House of Capet Hadwig married Reginar IV Count of Mons Robert II Otto Henry Odo Beatrix married Frederick of Bar Emma married Richard I of Normandy Herbert bishop of AuxerreCapetians through history editThis section does not cite any sources Please help improve this section by adding citations to reliable sources Unsourced material may be challenged and removed September 2014 Learn how and when to remove this message nbsp Hugh Capet s line from the Genealogy of the Third Lineage of King of the Franks Over the succeeding centuries Capetians spread throughout Europe ruling every form of provincial unit from kingdoms to manors Salic law edit Salic law re established during the Hundred Years War from an ancient Frankish tradition caused the French monarchy to permit only male agnatic descendants of Hugh to succeed to the throne of France Without Salic law upon the death of John I the crown would have passed to his half sister Joan later Joan II of Navarre However Joan s paternity was suspect due to her mother s adultery in the Tour de Nesle Affair the French magnates adopted Salic law to avoid the succession of a possible bastard In 1328 King Charles IV of France died without male heirs as his brothers did before him Philip of Valois the late king s first cousin acted as regent pending the birth of the king s posthumous child which proved to be a girl Isabella of France sister of Charles IV claimed the throne for her son Edward III of England The English king did not find support among the French lords who made Philip of Valois their king From then on the French succession not only excluded females but also rejected claims based on the female line of descent Thus the French crown passed from the House of Capet after the death of Charles IV to Philip VI of France of the House of Valois a cadet branch of the Capetian dynasty then to Louis II Duke of Orleans of the Orleans branch of the Valois who became Louis XII of France then to Francis Duke of Valois Count of Angouleme who became Francis I of France and his descendants of the Orleans Angouleme then to Henry III of Navarre who became Henry IV of France of the House of Bourbon a cadet branch of the Capetian dynasty This did not affect monarchies not under that law such as Portugal Spain Navarre and various smaller duchies and counties Therefore many royal families appear and disappear in the French succession or become cadet branches upon marriage A complete list of the senior most line of Capetians is available below Capetian cadet branches edit The Capetian dynasty has been broken many times into sometimes rival cadet branches A cadet branch is a line of descent from another line than the senior most This list of cadet branches shows most of the Capetian cadet lines and designating their royal French progenitor although some sub branches are not shown Hugh Capet Robert II of France Henry I of France Philip I of France Louis VI of France Louis VII of France Philip II of France Louis VIII of France Louis IX of France Philip III of France Philip IV of France nbsp House of Valois nbsp House of Evreux nbsp House of Bourbon nbsp House of Artois nbsp House of Anjou nbsp House of Dreux nbsp House of Courtenay nbsp House of Vermandois nbsp House of Burgundy See also Armorial of the Capetian dynasty Descendants of Philip III of France edit House of Valois 1293 1498 House of Valois Orleans 1392 1515 House of Orleans Angouleme 1407 1589 House of Valois Anjou 1356 1481 House of Valois Burgundy 1364 1477 House of Burgundy Brabant 1404 1430 House of Burgundy Nevers 1404 1491 House of Valois Alencon 1325 1525 House of Evreux 1303 1400 House of Evreux Navarre 1328 1425 Descendants of Louis IX of France edit House of Bourbon 1268 1503 House of Bourbon Montpensier counts 1443 1527 House of Bourbon La Marche 1356 1438 House of Bourbon Vendome became Royal House of France in 1589 House of Artois 1775 1883 House of Bourbon Spanish branch 1700 present Carlists 1819 1936 Alfonsines 1819 present House of Bourbon Anjou 1933 present House of Bourbon Spanish royal family 1933 present House of Bourbon Seville 1823 House of Bourbon Two Sicilies 1751 present House of Bourbon Braganza 1752 1979 House of Bourbon Parma 1748 present Parma Luxembourg called House of Nassau Weilburg 1919 present House of Orleans 1661 Orleans Nemours then 1891 House of Orleans Braganza 1864 present Orleans Alencon 1844 1970 Orleans Aumale 1822 1872 Orleans Montpensier then House of Orleans Galliera 1824 present House of Bourbon Conde 1557 1830 House of Bourbon Conti 1629 1814 House of Bourbon Soissons 1569 1641 House of Bourbon Montpensier dukes 1477 1608 House of Bourbon Carency 1393 1520 House of Bourbon Duisant 1457 1530 House of Bourbon Preaux 1385 1429 Descendants of Louis VIII of France edit House of Artois 1237 1472 House of Anjou initially ruling house of Sicily then of Naples became ruling house of Hungary 1247 1382 House of Anjou Naples 1309 1343 House of Anjou Taranto 1294 1374 House of Anjou Durazzo 1309 1414 Descendants of Louis VI of France edit House of Dreux 1137 1345 Breton House of Dreux 1213 1341 House of Montfort 1322 1488 Capetian House of Courtenay 1150 1727 Capetian House of Courtenay Latin emperors of Constantinople 1217 1283 Descendants of Henry I of France edit Capetian House of Vermandois 1085 1212 Descendants of Robert II of France edit House of Burgundy 1032 1361 Portuguese House of Burgundy 1109 1383 House of Aviz 1385 1580 illegitimate male line descent from Burgundy House of Braganza 1442 present illegitimate male line descent from Aviz House of Cadaval 1645 present the male line went extinct in 2001 citation needed Sovereigns from the Capetian dynasty edit Latin Empire edit Peter 1216 1217 Robert 1219 1228 Baldwin II 1228 1273 exiled in 1261 Philip I 1273 1283 Catherine I 1283 1307 Catherine II 1307 1346 Robert II 1346 1364 Philip II 1364 1374 Kingdom of Albania edit Charles I 1272 1285 Charles II 1285 1294 Philip 1294 1331 Robert 1331 1332 John 1332 1336 Charles III 1336 1348 Joan I 1348 1368 Louis 1376 1383 Kingdom of Etruria edit Louis 1801 1803 Charles Louis 1803 1807 Kingdom of France edit Hugh 987 996 Robert II 996 1031 Henry I 1031 1060 Philip I 1060 1108 Louis VI 1108 1137 Louis VII 1137 1180 Philip II 1180 1223 Louis VIII 1223 1226 Louis IX 1226 1270 Philip III 1270 1285 Philip IV 1285 1314 Louis X 1314 1316 John I 1316 Philip V 1316 1322 Charles IV 1322 1328 Philip VI 1328 1350 John II 1350 1364 Charles V 1364 1380 Charles VI 1380 1422 Charles VII 1422 1461 Louis XI 1461 1483 Charles VIII 1483 1498 Louis XII 1498 1515 Francis I 1515 1547 Henry II 1547 1559 Francis II 1559 1560 Charles IX 1560 1574 Henry III 1574 1589 Henry IV 1589 1610 Louis XIII 1610 1643 Louis XIV 1643 1715 Louis XV 1715 1774 Louis XVI 1774 1792 Louis XVIII 1814 1815 1815 1824 Charles X 1824 1830 Louis Philip 1830 1848 Kingdom of Hungary edit Charles I 1310 1342 Louis I 1342 1382 Mary 1382 1385 1386 1395 Charles II 1385 1386 Kingdom of Naples edit Charles I 1266 1285 Charles II 1285 1309 Robert 1309 1343 Joan I 1343 1382 Charles III 1382 1386 Ladislas 1386 1414 Joan II 1414 1435 Rene I 1435 1442 Philip 1700 1707 Charles VII 1735 1759 Ferdinand IV 1759 1816 Kingdom of Navarre edit Philip I 1284 1305 Louis I 1305 1316 John I 1316 1316 Philip II 1316 1322 Charles I 1322 1328 Joan II 1328 1349 Philip III 1328 1343 Charles II 1349 1387 Charles III 1387 1425 Blanche I 1425 1441 Anthony 1555 1562 Henry III 1572 1610 Louis II 1610 1643 Louis III 1643 1715 Louis IV 1715 1774 Louis V 1774 1792 Louis VII 1814 1815 1815 1824 Charles V 1824 1830 Louis Philip 1830 1848 Kingdom of Poland edit Louis 1370 1382 Hedwig 1384 1399 Henry 1573 1574 Kingdom and County of Portugal edit Henry 1093 1112 Alphonse I 1112 1185 crowned in 1139 Sancho I 1185 1211 Alphonse II 1211 1223 Sancho II 1223 1247 Alphonse III 1247 1279 Denis 1279 1325 Alphonse IV 1325 1357 Peter I 1357 1367 Ferdinand I 1367 1383 Kingdom of Sicily edit Charles I 1266 1282 Philip 1700 1713 Charles VII 1735 1759 Ferdinand III 1759 1816 Kingdom of Spain edit Philip V 1700 1724 1724 1746 Louis I 1724 Ferdinand VI 1746 1759 Charles III 1759 1788 Charles IV 1788 1808 1808 Ferdinand VII 1808 1813 1833 Isabella II 1833 1868 Alphonse XII 1874 1885 Alphonse XIII 1886 1931 John Charles I 1975 2014 Philip VI 2014 Kingdom of the Two Sicilies edit Ferdinand I 1816 1825 Francis I 1825 1830 Ferdinand II 1830 1859 Francis II 1859 1860 Grand Duchy of Lithuania edit Henry 1573 1574 Grand Duchy of Luxembourg edit Jean 1964 2000 Henri 2000 Duchy of Brabant edit Anthony 1406 1415 John IV 1415 1427 Philip I 1427 1430 Philip II 1430 1467 Charles 1467 1477 Mary 1477 1482 Duchy of Brittany edit Peter I 1213 1237 John I 1237 1286 John II 1286 1305 Arthur II 1305 1316 John III 1312 1341 John IV 1341 1345 John V 1364 1399 John VI 1399 1442 Francis I 1442 1450 Peter II 1450 1457 Arthur III 1457 1458 Francis II 1458 1488 Anne 1488 1514 Claude 1514 1524 Francis III 1514 1524 Francis IV 1524 1536 Henry 1536 1547 Duchy of Burgundy edit Otto of Paris 956 965 Odo Henry 965 1002 Henry I 1026 1032 Robert I 1032 1076 Hugh I 1076 1079 Odo I 1079 1103 Hugh II 1103 1143 Odo II 1143 1162 Hugh III 1162 1192 Odo III 1192 1218 Hugh IV 1218 1272 Robert II 1272 1306 Hugh V 1306 1315 nbsp Charles the Bold as a boy stands next to his father Philip the Good c 1447 8 Odo IV 1315 1349 Philip I 1349 1361 John I 1361 1363 Philip II 1363 1404 John II 1404 1419 Philip III 1419 1467 Charles 1467 1477 Mary 1477 1482 Duchy of Lorraine edit Rene I 1431 1453 John II 1453 1470 Nicholas I 1470 1473 Yolande 1473 1473 Duchy of Lucca edit Maria Louisa 1815 1824 Charles 1824 1847 Duchy of Luxemburg edit Anthony 1411 1415 Philip I 1443 1467 Charles 1467 1477 Mary 1477 1482 Philip V 1700 1712 Duchy of Milan edit Louis I 1499 1512 Francis II 1515 1521 Philip IV 1700 1714 Duchy of Parma edit Charles I 1731 1735 Philip 1748 1765 Ferdinand 1765 1802 Charles II 1847 1849 Charles III 1849 1854 Robert I 1854 1859 Principality of Achaea edit Charles I 1278 1285 Charles II 1285 1289 Philip I 1307 1313 Louis 1313 1316 Robert I 1318 1322 Robert II 1333 1364 Catherine II 1333 1346 Philip II 1364 1373 Joan I 1373 1381 Charles III 1383 1386 Principality of Taranto edit Charles I 1266 1285 Charles II 1285 1294 Philip I 1294 1331 Robert II 1331 1346 1362 1364 Louis 1346 1362 Philip II 1362 1374 Ladislaus 1406 1414 James 1414 1420 Marquisate of Namur edit Philip II 1212 1226 Henry II 1226 1229 Margaret 1229 1237 Baldwin II 1237 1256 Philip IV 1421 1467 Charles I 1467 1477 Mary I 1477 1482 Illegitimate descent edit Empire of Brazil edit Peter I 1822 1831 Peter II 1831 1889 Kingdom of Portugal edit John I 1385 1433 Edward 1433 1438 Alphonse V 1438 1481 John II 1481 1495 Manuel I 1495 1521 John III 1521 1557 Sebastian 1557 1578 Henry 1578 1580 Anthony 1580 1580 disputed John IV 1640 1656 Alphonse VI 1656 1683 Peter II 1683 1706 John V 1706 1750 Joseph I 1750 1777 Peter III 1777 1786 Mary I 1777 1816 John VI 1816 1826 Peter IV 1826 1826 Mary II 1826 1828 1834 1853 Michael I 1828 1834 Senior Capets editThroughout most of history the Senior Capet and the King of France were synonymous terms Only in the time before Hugh Capet took the crown for himself and after the reign of Charles X is there a distinction such that the senior Capet must be identified independently from succession to the French Crown However since primogeniture and the Salic law provided for the succession of the French throne for most of French history here is a list of all the French kings from Hugh until Charles and all the Legitimist pretenders thereafter All dates are for seniority not reign King of France Hugh King of France 987 996 Robert II King of France 996 1031 Henry I King of France 1031 1060 Philip I King of France 1060 1108 Louis VI King of France 1108 1137 Louis VII King of France 1137 1180 Philip II King of France 1180 1223 Louis VIII King of France 1223 1226 Louis IX King of France 1226 1270 Philip III King of France 1271 1285 Philip IV King of France 1285 1314 Louis X King of France 1314 1316 John I King of France 1316 1316 Philip V King of France 1316 1322 Charles IV King of France 1322 1328 Philip VI King of France 1328 1350 John II King of France 1350 1364 Charles V King of France 1364 1380 Charles VI King of France 1380 1422 Charles VII King of France 1422 1461 Louis XI King of France 1461 1483 Charles VIII King of France 1483 1498 Louis XII King of France 1498 1515 Francis I King of France 1515 1547 Henry II King of France 1547 1559 Francis II King of France 1559 1560 Charles IX King of France 1560 1574 Henry III King of France 1574 1589 Henry IV King of France 1589 1610 Louis XIII King of France 1610 1643 Louis XIV King of France 1643 1715 Louis XV King of France 1715 1774 Louis XVI King of France 1774 1793 Louis XVII King of France 1793 1795 Louis XVIII King of France 1795 1824 Charles X King of France 1824 1836 Legitimist Pretenders Louis Anthony Duke of Angouleme 1836 1844 Henry Count of Chambord 1844 1883 John Count of Montizon 1883 1887 Charles Duke of Madrid 1887 1909 James Duke of Anjou and Madrid 1909 1931 Alphonse Charles Duke of San Jaime 1931 1936 Alphonse XIII King of Spain 1936 1941 James Henry Duke of Anjou and Segovia 1941 1975 Alphonse Duke of Anjou and Cadiz 1975 1989 Louis Alphonse Duke of Anjou 1989 The Capetian dynasty today editMany years have passed since the Capetian monarchs ruled a large part of Europe however they still remain as kings as well as other titles Currently two Capetian monarchs still rule in Spain and Luxembourg In addition seven pretenders represent exiled dynastic monarchies in Brazil France Spain Portugal Parma and Two Sicilies The current legitimate senior family member is Louis Alphonse de Bourbon known by his supporters as Duke of Anjou who also holds the Legitimist Blancs d Espagne claim to the French throne Overall dozens of branches of the Capetian dynasty still exist throughout Europe Except for the House of Braganza founded by an illegitimate son of King John I of Portugal who was himself illegitimate all current major Capetian branches are of the Bourbon cadet branch Within the House of Bourbon many of these lines are themselves well defined cadet lines of the House Current Capetian rulers edit Henri Grand Duke of Luxembourg since 2000 Felipe VI King of Spain since 2014 Current Capetian pretenders edit Louis Alphonse Duke of Anjou Legitimist pretender to the Kingdom of France since 1989 Prince Pedro Duke of Calabria Calabrian pretender to the Kingdom of the Two Sicilies since 2015 Prince Carlo Duke of Castro Castroist pretender to the Kingdom of the Two Sicilies since 2008 Carlos Duke of Parma pretender to the Duchy of Parma since 2010 and one of the Carlist pretender to the Kingdom of Spain since 2010 Prince Sixtus Henry of Bourbon Parma the other Carlist pretenders to the Kingdom of Spain since 1979 Jean Count of Paris Orleanist pretender to the Kingdom of France since 2019 Prince Pedro Carlos of Orleans Braganza Petropolis pretender to the Empire of Brazil since 2007 Prince Bertrand of Orleans Braganza Vassouras pretender to the Empire of Brazil since 2022 Duarte Pio Duke of Braganza pretender to the Kingdom of Portugal since 1976 Balthazar Napoleon IV de Bourbon Raja of Bhopal of the Bourbon Bhopal dynasty Philippe Count of Chalus of Bourbon BussetArms of cadet branches editMain article List of coats of arms of the Capetian dynasty Arms of branches founded before Philip Augustus nbsp House of Burgundy nbsp House of Vermandois nbsp House of Dreux nbsp House of Courtenay Arms of branches founded after Philip Augustus nbsp House of Artois nbsp House of Anjou nbsp House of Bourbon nbsp House of Valois nbsp House of EvreuxFamily tree editList of male line members of the House of CapetMale male line legitimate non morganatic members of the house who either lived to adulthood or who held a title as a child are included Heads of the house are in bold Hugh Capet 940 996 House of Capet Robert II of France 972 1031 Hugh of France 1007 1025 Henry I of France 1008 1060 Philip I of France 1052 1108 Louis VI of France 1081 1137 Philip of France 1116 1131 Louis VII of France 1120 1180 Philip II of France 1165 1223 Louis VIII of France 1187 1226 Louis IX of France 1214 1270 Louis of France 1244 1260 Philip III of France 1245 1285 Philip IV of France 1268 1314 Louis X of France 1289 1316 John I of France 1316 Philip V of France 1291 1322 Charles IV of France 1294 1328 Charles Count of Valois 1270 1325 House of Valois Philip VI of France 1293 1350 John II of France 1319 1364 Charles V of France 1338 1380 Charles VI of France 1368 1422 Louis Duke of Guyenne 1397 1415 John Duke of Touraine 1398 1417 Charles VII of France 1403 1461 Louis XI 1423 1483 Charles VIII of France 1470 1498 Charles of Valois Duke of Berry 1446 1472 Louis I Duke of Orleans 1372 1407 Charles Duke of Orleans 1394 1465 Louis XII 1462 1515 Philip Count of Vertus 1396 1420 John Count of Angouleme 1399 1467 Charles Count of Angouleme 1459 1496 Francis I of France 1494 1547 Francis III Duke of Brittany 1518 1536 Henry II of France 1519 1559 Francis II of France 1544 1560 Charles IX of France 1550 1574 Henry III of France 1551 1589 Francis Duke of Anjou 1555 1584 Charles II of Valois Duke of Orleans 1522 1545 Louis I of Anjou 1339 1384 House of Valois Anjou Louis II of Anjou 1377 1417 Louis III of Anjou 1403 1434 Rene of Anjou 1409 1480 John II Duke of Lorraine 1426 1470 Nicholas I Duke of Lorraine 1448 1473 Louis of Anjou Marquis of Pont a Mousson 1427 1444 Charles IV Count of Maine 1414 1472 Charles IV of Anjou 1446 1481 Charles Prince of Taranto 1380 1404 John Duke of Berry 1340 1416 John of Valois Count of Montpensier 1376 1397 Philip the Bold 1342 1404 House of Valois Burgundy John the Fearless 1371 1419 Philip the Good 1396 1467 Charles the Bold 1433 1477 Anthony Duke of Brabant 1384 1415 John IV Duke of Brabant 1403 1427 Philip I Duke of Brabant 1404 1430 Philip II Count of Nevers 1389 1415 Charles I Count of Nevers 1414 1464 John II Count of Nevers 1415 1491 Philip Duke of Orleans 1336 1375 Charles II Count of Alencon 1297 1346 Charles III Count of Alencon 1337 1375 Philip of Alencon 1339 1397 Peter II Count of Alencon 1340 1404 John I Duke of Alencon 1385 1415 John II Duke of Alencon 1409 1476 Rene Duke of Alencon 1454 1492 Charles IV Duke of Alencon 1489 1525 Robert of Alencon 1344 1377 Louis Count of Evreux 1276 1319 House of Evreux Charles d Evreux 1305 1336 Louis I Count of Etampes 1336 1400 John of Evreux 1336 1373 Philip III of Navarre 1306 1343 Charles II of Navarre 1332 1387 Charles III of Navarre 1361 1425 Peter Count of Mortain 1366 1412 Philip Count of Longueville 1336 1363 Louis Duke of Durazzo 1341 1376 John Tristan Count of Valois 1250 1270 Peter I Count of Alencon 1251 1284 Robert Count of Clermont 1256 1317 House of Bourbon Louis I Duke of Bourbon 1279 1341 Peter I Duke of Bourbon 1311 1356 Louis II Duke of Bourbon 1337 1410 John I Duke of Bourbon 1381 1434 House of Bourbon Montpensier Charles I Duke of Bourbon 1401 1456 John II Duke of Bourbon 1426 1488 Charles II Duke of Bourbon 1433 1488 Peter II Duke of Bourbon 1438 1503 Louis de Bourbon Bishop of Liege 1438 1482 James of Bourbon 1445 1468 Louis I Count of Montpensier 1405 1486 Gilbert Count of Montpensier 1443 1496 Louis II Count of Montpensier 1483 1501 Charles III Duke of Bourbon 1490 1527 Francis Duke of Chatellerault 1492 1515 John of Montpensier 1445 1485 Louis of Bourbon 1388 1404 James I Count of La Marche 1319 1362 Peter II Count of La Marche 1342 1362 John I Count of La Marche 1344 1393 James II Count of La Marche 1370 1438 Louis Count of Vendome 1376 1446 House of Bourbon Vendome John VIII Count of Vendome 1425 1478 Francis Count of Vendome 1470 1495 Charles Duke of Vendome 1489 1537 Anthony of Navarre 1518 1562 Henry IV of France 1553 1610 Louis XIII 1601 1643 Louis XIV 1638 1715 Louis Grand Dauphin 1661 1711 Louis Duke of Burgundy 1682 1712 Louis XV 1710 1774 Louis Dauphin of France 1729 1765 Louis XVI 1754 1793 Louis XVII 1785 1795 Louis XVIII 1755 1824 Charles X of France 1757 1836 Louis Anthony Duke of Angouleme 1775 1844 Charles Ferdinand Duke of Berry 1778 1820 Henry Count of Chambord 1820 1883 Philip V of Spain 1683 1746 Louis I of Spain 1707 1724 Ferdinand VI 1713 1759 Charles III of Spain 1716 1788 Infante Philip Duke of Calabria 1747 1777 Charles IV of Spain 1748 1819 Ferdinand VII 1784 1833 Prince Charles Mary Isidore of Spain 1788 1855 Charles Louis of Bourbon 1818 1861 Prince John Count of Montizon 1822 1887 Prince Charles Duke of Madrid 1848 1909 Prince James Duke of Madrid 1870 1931 Prince Alphonse Charles Duke of San Jaime 1849 1936 Prince Ferdinand of Spain 1824 1861 Prince Francis de Paul of Spain 1794 1865 Francis of Assisi Duke of Cadiz 1822 1902 Alphonse XII 1857 1885 Alphonse XIII 1886 1941 Alphonse Prince of Asturias 1907 1938 Prince James Duke of Segovia 1908 1975 Alphonse Duke of Anjou and Cadiz 1936 1989 Louis Alphonse of Bourbon b 1974 Louis of Bourbon b 2010 Alphonse of Bourbon b 2010 Henry of Bourbon b 2019 Gonzalo Duke of Aquitaine 1937 2000 Prince John Count of Barcelona 1913 1993 John Charles I b 1938 Philip VI of Spain b 1968 Prince Gonzalo of Spain 1914 1934 Prince Henry Duke of Seville 1823 1870 Ferdinand of Bourbon Prince of Spain 1832 1854 Ferdinand I of the Two Sicilies 1751 1825 House of Bourbon Two Sicilies Francis I of the Two Sicilies 1777 1830 Ferdinand II of the Two Sicilies 1810 1859 Francis II of the Two Sicilies 1836 1894 Prince Louis Count of Trani 1838 1886 Prince Alphonse Count of Caserta 1841 1934 Prince Ferdinand Pius Duke of Castro 1869 1960 Prince Charles of Bourbon Two Sicilies 1870 1949 Prince Alphonse Duke of Calabria 1901 1964 Prince Charles Duke of Calabria 1938 2015 Prince Peter Duke of Calabria b 1968 Prince James Duke of Noto b 1992 Prince John of Bourbon Two Sicilies b 2003 Prince Paul of Bourbon Two Sicilies b 2004 Prince Peter of Bourbon Two Sicilies b 2007 Charles of Bourbon Two Sicilies 1908 1936 Prince Gennaro of Bourbon Two Sicilies 1882 1944 Prince Rainier Duke of Castro 1883 1973 Prince Ferdinand Duke of Castro 1926 2008 Prince Charles Duke of Castro b 1963 Prince Philip of Bourbon Two Sicilies 1885 1949 Prince Gaetan of Bourbon Two Sicilies 1917 1984 Prince Francis of Bourbon Two Sicilies 1888 1914 Prince Gabriel of Bourbon Two Sicilies 1897 1975 Prince Anthony of Bourbon Two Sicilies 1929 2019 Prince Francis of Bourbon Two Sicilies b 1960 Prince Anthony of Bourbon Two Sicilies b 2003 Prince Gennaro of Bourbon Two Sicilies b 1966 Prince John of Bourbon Two Sicilies 1933 2000 Prince Casimir of Bourbon Two Sicilies b 1938 Prince Louis Alphonse of Bourbon Two Sicilies b 1970 Prince Paul Alphonse of Bourbon Two Sicilies b 2014 Prince Alexander Henry of Bourbon Two Sicilies b 1974 Prince Gaetan Count of Girgenti 1846 1871 Prince Pascal Count of Bari 1852 1904 Charles Ferdinand Prince of Capua 1811 1862 Prince Leopold Count of Syracuse 1813 1860 Prince Anthony Count of Lecce 1816 1843 Prince Louis Count of Aquila 1824 1897 Prince Louis Count of Roccaguglielma 1845 1909 Prince Philip of Bourbon Two Sicilies 1847 1922 Prince Francis Count of Trapani 1827 1892 Prince Leopold of the Two Sicilies 1853 1870 Leopold Prince of Salerno 1790 1851 Prince Gabriel of Spain 1752 1788 House of Bourbon Braganza Prince Peter Charles of Spain and Portugal 1786 1812 Prince Sebastian of Spain and Portugal 1811 1875 Francis Mary of Bourbon Bourbon 1st Duke of Marchena 1861 1923 Peter of Bourbon Bourbon 1st Duke of Durcal 1862 1892 Ferdinand Sebastian of Bourbon Madan 2nd Duke of Durcal 1891 1944 Louis Jesus of Bourbon Bourbon 1st Duke of Ansola 1864 1889 Louis Alphonse of Bourbon Bernaldo de Quiros 2nd Duke of Ansola 1887 1942 Manfred Louis of Bourbon Bernaldo de Quiros 3rd Duke of Ansola and 1st Duke of Hernani 1889 1979 Alphonse Mary of Bourbon Bourbon 1866 1934 Gabriel Jesus of Bourbon Bourbon 1869 1889 Prince Anthony Pascal of Spain 1755 1817 Philip Duke of Parma 1720 1765 House of Bourbon Parma Ferdinand I Duke of Parma 1751 1802 Louis I of Etruria 1773 1803 Charles II Duke of Parma 1799 1883 Charles III Duke of Parma 1823 1854 Robert I Duke of Parma 1848 1907 Henry Duke of Parma 1873 1939 Joseph Duke of Parma 1875 1950 Elijah Duke of Parma 1880 1959 Robert Hugo Duke of Parma 1909 1974 Prince Francis Alphonse of Bourbon Parma 1913 1939 Prince Sixtus of Bourbon Parma 1886 1934 Prince Xavier of Bourbon Parma 1889 1977 Charles Hugo Duke of Parma 1930 2010 Prince Charles Duke of Parma b 1970 Prince Charles Henry of Bourbon Parma b 2016 James of Bourbon Parma b 1972 Prince Sixtus Henry of Bourbon Parma b 1940 Prince Felix of Bourbon Parma 1893 1970 John Grand Duke of Luxembourg 1921 2019 Henry Grand Duke of Luxembourg b 1955 William Hereditary Grand Duke of Luxembourg b 1981 Prince Charles of Luxembourg b 2020 Prince Francis of Luxembourg b 2023 Prince Felix of Luxembourg b 1984 Prince Liam of Luxembourg b 2016 Prince Balthazar of Luxembourg b 2024 Prince Louis of Luxembourg b 1986 Prince Gabriel of Luxembourg b 2006 Prince Noah of Luxembourg b 2007 Prince Sebastian of Luxembourg b 1992 Prince John of Luxembourg b 1957 Prince William of Luxembourg b 1963 Prince Paul Louis of Luxembourg b 1998 Prince Leopold of Luxembourg b 2000 Prince John of Luxembourg b 2004 Prince Charles of Luxembourg 1927 1977 Prince Robert of Luxembourg b 1968 Prince Alexander of Luxembourg b 1997 Prince Frederick of Luxembourg b 2002 Prince Rene of Bourbon Parma 1894 1962 Prince James of Bourbon Parma 1922 1964 Prince Philip of Bourbon Parma b 1949 James of Bourbon Parma b 1986 Joseph of Bourbon Parma b 1989 Prince Alan of Bourbon Parma b 1955 Michael of Bourbon Parma 1926 2018 Eric of Bourbon Parma 1953 2021 Prince Michael of Bourbon Parma b 1989 Prince Henry of Bourbon Parma b 1991 Prince Charles Emmanuel of Bourbon Parma b 1961 Prince Amaury of Bourbon Parma b 1991 Andrew of Bourbon Parma 1928 2011 Axel of Bourbon Parma b 1967 Come of Bourbon Parma b 1997 Louis of Bourbon Parma 1899 1967 Guy of Bourbon Parma 1940 1991 Louis of Bourbon Parma b 1966 Guy of Bourbon Parma b 1995 Prince Remy of Bourbon Parma b 1942 Tristan of Bourbon Parma b 1974 Prince John Bernard of Bourbon Parma b 1961 Arnaud of Bourbon Parma b 1989 Christopher of Bourbon Parma b 1991 Prince Henry Count of Bardi 1851 1905 Prince Louis of Spain 1727 1785 Charles Duke of Berry 1686 1714 Philip I Duke of Orleans 1640 1701 House of Orleans Philip II Duke of Orleans 1674 1723 Louis Duke of Orleans 1703 1752 Louis Philip I Duke of Orleans 1725 1785 Louis Philip II Duke of Orleans 1747 1793 Louis Philip I 1773 1850 Ferdinand Philip Duke of Orleans 1810 1842 Prince Philip Count of Paris 1838 1894 Prince Philip Duke of Orleans 1869 1926 Prince Ferdinand Duke of Montpensier 1884 1924 Prince Robert Duke of Chartres 1840 1910 Prince Robert of Orleans 1866 1885 Prince Henry of Orleans 1867 1901 Prince John Duke of Guise 1874 1940 Henry Count of Paris 1908 1999 Henry Count of Paris 1933 2019 Prince Francis Count of Clermont 1961 2017 John Count of Paris b 1965 Prince Gaston of Orleans b 2009 Prince Joseph of Orleans b 2016 Prince Alphonse of Orleans b 2023 Prince Odo Duke of Angouleme b 1968 Prince Peter of Orleans b 2003 Prince Francis Duke of Orleans 1935 1960 Prince Michael Count of Evreux b 1941 Charles Philip of Orleans b 1973 Francis of Orleans b 1982 Philip of Orleans b 2017 Raphael of Orleans b 2021 Prince James Duke of Orleans b 1941 Charles Louis of Orleans b 1972 Philip of Orleans b 1998 Constantine of Orleans b 2003 Fulk of Orleans b 1974 Prince Theobald Count of La Marche 1948 1983 Robert of Orleans b 1976 Prince Louis Duke of Nemours 1814 1896 Gaston Count of Eu 1842 1922 House of Orleans Braganza Peter of Alcantara Prince of Grao Para 1875 1940 Peter Gaston of Orleans Braganza 1913 2007 Peter Charles of Orleans Braganza b 1945 Peter Thiago of Orleans Braganza b 1979 Philip Roderick of Orleans Braganza b 1982 Prince Alphonse Edward of Orleans Braganza b 1948 Prince Manuel of Orleans Braganza b 1949 Prince Manuel of Orleans Braganza b 1971 Prince Francis of Orleans Braganza b 1956 Prince Francis of Orleans Braganza b 1979 Prince Gabriel of Orleans Braganza b 1989 Prince John Mary of Orleans Braganza 1916 2005 Prince John Henry of Orleans Braganza b 1954 Prince John Philip of Brazil b 1986 Prince John Anthony of Brazil b 2017 Louis of Orleans Braganza 1878 1920 Peter Henry of Orleans Braganza 1909 1981 Louis of Orleans Braganza 1938 2022 Prince Odo of Orleans Braganza 1939 2020 renounced succession Louis Philip of Orleans Braganza b 1969 Prince Maximilian of Brazil b 2012 Prince Odo Prince Guy Bertrand of Orleans Braganza b 1941 Peter of Orleans Braganza b 1945 renounced succession Prince Gabriel Joseph of Brazil b 1980 Prince Gabriel Peter of Brazil b 2013 Ferdinand of Orleans Braganza b 1948 renounced succession Anthony of Orleans Braganza b 1951 Peter Louis of Orleans Braganza 1983 2009 Raphael of Orleans Braganza b 1986 Francis of Orleans Braganza b 1955 renounced succession Albert of Orleans Braganza b 1957 renounced succession Prince Peter Albert of Brazil b 1988 Prince Anthony Albert of Brazil b 1997 Prince Louis Gaston of Orleans Braganza 1911 1931 Prince Anthony Gaston of Orleans Braganza 1881 1918 Prince Ferdinand Duke of Alencon 1844 1910 Prince Emmanuel Duke of Vendome 1872 1931 Prince Charles Philip Duke of Nemours 1905 1970 Francis of Orleans Prince of Joinville 1818 1900 Peter Duke of Penthievre 1845 1919 Henry of Orleans Duke of Aumale 1822 1897 Louis of Orleans Prince of Conde 1845 1866 Francis of Orleans 1854 1872 Anthony Duke of Montpensier 1824 1890 Prince Anthony Duke of Galliera 1866 1930 Prince Alphonse Duke of Galliera 1886 1975 Prince Alvar Duke of Galliera 1910 1997 Alphonse of Orleans Bourbon 1941 1975 Alphonse of Orleans Bourbon Duke of Galliera b 1968 Alphonse John of Orleans Bourbon b 1994 Alvar of Orleans Bourbon b 1969 Aiden of Orleans Bourbon b 2009 Alvar James of Orleans Bourbon b 1947 Andrew of Orleans Bourbon b 1976 Alvar of Orleans Bourbon b c 2013 Alois of Orleans Bourbon b 1979 Alphonse of Orleans Bourbon b 2010 Alphonse of Orleans 1912 1936 Prince Ataulfo of Orleans 1913 1974 Prince Louis Ferdinand of Spain 1888 1945 Anthony Philip Duke of Montpensier 1775 1807 Louis Charles Count of Beaujolais 1779 1808 Gaston Duke of Orleans 1608 1660 Francis Count of Enghien 1519 1546 Charles I Cardinal de Bourbon 1523 1590 disputed Charles X John Count of Soissons and Enghien 1528 1557 Louis I Prince of Conde 1530 1569 House of Bourbon Conde Henry I Prince of Conde 1552 1588 Henry II Prince of Conde 1588 1646 Louis Grand Conde 1621 1686 Henry Jules Prince of Conde 1643 1709 Louis III Prince of Conde 1668 1710 Louis Henry Duke of Bourbon 1692 1740 Louis Joseph Prince of Conde 1736 1818 Louis Henry Prince of Conde 1756 1830 Louis Anthony Duke of Enghien 1772 1804 Charles de Bourbon Count of Charolais 1700 1760 Louis Count of Clermont 1709 1771 Armand de Bourbon Prince of Conti 1629 1666 Louis Armand I Prince of Conti 1661 1685 Francis Louis Prince of Conti 1664 1709 Louis Armand II Prince of Conti 1695 1727 Louis Francis Prince of Conti 1717 1776 Louis Francis Joseph Prince of Conti 1734 1814 Francis of Bourbon Prince of Conti 1558 1614 Charles II of Bourbon Vendome 1562 1594 Charles Count of Soissons 1566 1612 Louis Count of Soissons 1604 1641 Francis de Bourbon Count of St Pol 1491 1545 Louis de Bourbon Vendome 1493 1557 Louis Prince of La Roche sur Yon 1473 1520 Louis de Bourbon Duke of Montpensier 1513 1582 Francis of Bourbon Duke of Montpensier 1542 1592 Henry of Bourbon Duke of Montpensier 1573 1608 Charles Prince of La Roche sur Yon 1515 1565 John Lord of Carency 1378 1457 children by second wife declared legitimate in 1438 but not considered part of the royal house James of Bourbon Preaux fr 1346 1417 Louis of Bourbon Preaux fr 1368 1415 Pierre de Bourbon Preaux fr 1390 1422 James II of Bourbon Preaux fr 1391 1429 John of Charolais 1283 1322 Peter of Clermont Archdeacon of Paris 1287 1330 Robert I Count of Artois 1216 1250 House of Artois Robert II Count of Artois 1250 1302 Philip of Artois 1269 1298 Robert III of Artois 1287 1342 John of Artois Count of Eu 1321 1387 Robert IV of Artois Count of Eu 1356 1387 Philip of Artois Count of Eu 1358 1397 Charles of Artois Count of Eu 1394 1472 James of Artois 1325 1347 Robert of Artois 1326 1347 Charles of Artois Count of Pezenas 1328 1385 Alphonse Count of Poitiers 1220 1271 Charles I of Anjou 1226 1285 Capetian House of Anjou Charles II of Naples 1254 1309 Charles Martel of Anjou 1271 1295 Charles I of Hungary 1288 1342 Louis I of Hungary 1326 1382 Andrew Duke of Calabria 1327 1345 Stephen of Anjou 1332 1354 Louis of Toulouse 1274 1297 Robert King of Naples 1276 1343 Charles Duke of Calabria 1298 1328 Philip I Prince of Taranto 1278 1331 Charles of Taranto 1296 1315 Philip Despot of Romania 1300 1331 Robert Prince of Taranto 1319 1364 Louis I of Naples 1320 1362 Philip II Prince of Taranto 1329 1373 Raymond Berengar of Andria 1281 1307 John a priest 1283 1308 Peter Tempesta 1291 1315 John Duke of Durazzo 1294 1336 Charles Duke of Durazzo 1323 1348 Louis Count of Gravina 1324 1362 Charles III of Naples 1345 1386 Ladislaus of Naples 1377 1414 Robert of Durazzo 1326 1356 Philip of Sicily 1255 1277 Philip I Count of Boulogne 1200 1235 legitimated but status as a member of the royal house unclear Alberic Count of Clermont 1222 1284 descendants unknown Henry of France Archbishop of Reims 1121 1175 Robert I Count of Dreux 1123 1188 House of Dreux Simon Lord of La Noue 1141 1182 Robert II Count of Dreux 1154 1218 Robert III Count of Dreux 1185 1234 John I Count of Dreux 1215 1249 Robert IV Count of Dreux 1241 1282 John II Count of Dreux 1265 1309 Robert V Count of Dreux 1293 1329 John III Count of Dreux 1295 1331 Peter Count of Dreux 1298 1345 Robert of Dreux Lord of Cateau du Loire John a Knight Templar Robert Viscount of Chateaudun 1217 1264 Peter a cleric 1220 1250 Peter I Duke of Brittany 1187 1250 John I Duke of Brittany 1218 1286 John II Duke of Brittany 1239 1305 Arthur II Duke of Brittany 1261 1312 John III Duke of Brittany 1286 1341 Guy of Penthievre Count of Penthievre 1287 1331 Peter of Brittany Lord of Dol Combourg and St Malou 1289 1312 John of Montfort 1295 1345 House of Montfort Brittany John IV Duke of Brittany 1339 1399 John V Duke of Brittany 1389 1442 Francis I Duke of Brittany 1414 1450 Peter II Duke of Brittany 1418 1457 Giles of Brittany 1420 1450 Arthur III Duke of Brittany 1393 1458 Giles of Brittany Lord of Chantoce and Ingrande 1394 1412 Richard Count of Etampes 1396 1438 Francis II Duke of Brittany 1433 1488 John of Brittany Earl of Richmond 1266 1334 Peter Viscount of Leon 1269 1312 Peter Lord of Dinan 1241 1268 Olivier Ier de Machecoul fr 1231 1279 issue difficult to trace but indications are that it lasted until the 15th century Henry of Dreux Archbishop of Reims 1193 1240 John of Braine 1200 1240 Henry Bishop of Orleans 1155 1199 Philip of Dreux 1158 1217 Peter Lord of Bouconville Vauclair 1161 1186 William Lord of Braye 1163 1189 John 1164 1189 Peter I of Courtenay 1126 1183 Capetian House of Courtenay Philip of Courtenay 1153 1183 Peter II of Courtenay 1155 1219 Philip II Marquis of Namur 1195 1226 Robert I Latin Emperor 1201 1228 Henry II Marquis of Namur 1206 1229 Baldwin II Latin Emperor 1217 1273 Philip I Latin Emperor 1243 1283 Robert Lord of Champignelles 1168 1239 Peter Lord of Conches and Mehun 1218 1250 Philip of Courtenay Champignelles 1221 1246 Ralph Lord of Illiers 1223 1271 Robert de Courtenay 1224 1279 fr bishop 1224 1279 Jean Ier de Courtenay Champignelles fr bishop 1226 1270 William of Courtenay Champignelles Lord of Venisy 1228 1280 Genealogy in French Robert de Courtenay Champignelles fr Archbishop of Reims 1251 1324 Peter of Courtenay Champignelles 1259 1290 John I Lord of Champignelles 1265 1318 John II Lord of Champignelles 1291 1334 John III Lord of Champignelles 1330 1392 Peter II Lord of Champignelles 1334 1394 Peter III Lord of Champignelles and St Brisson 1377 1411 John IV 1410 1472 John I Lord of Bleneau 1379 1460 John II Lord of Bleneau 1425 1480 John III Lord of Bleneau 1465 1511 Francis I Lord of Bleneau 1495 1561 Gaspard I Lord of Bleneau 1550 1609 Francis II of Bleneau 1575 1602 Edme Lord of Bleneau 1577 1640 Gaspard II Lord of Bleneau 1602 1655 Claude 1582 1612 John Lord of Salles and Coudray 1559 1624 Philip abbot of Lauroy 1497 1547 Edme Lord of Villars 1501 1553 John knight of Malta b 1505 William of Courtenay Lord of Coquetaine en Brie 1427 1485 Peter Lord of La Ferte Loupiere 1429 1504 Hector Lord of La Ferte Loupiere 1475 1549 Rene Lord of La Ferte Loupiere 1510 1562 Philip Lord of Villeneuve la Cornue 1512 1552 John Lord of Chevillon 1477 1534 James Lord of Chevillon 1515 1557 William Lord of Chevillon 1520 1592 James II Lord of Chevillon 1556 1617 Rene an abbot 1561 c 1638 John II Lord of Chevillon 1566 1639 Louis I Lord of Chevillon 1610 1672 Louis Charles Lord of Chevillon 1640 1723 Louis Gaston 1669 1691 Charles Roger Lord of Chevillon 1671 1730 Roger of Courtenay abbot in Auxerre 1647 1733 Jean Armand 1652 1677 Robert 1619 after 1647 Charles Lord of Bontin 1480 1511 Louis I Lord of Ville au Tartre 1485 1540 Francis Lord of Bontin 1526 1578 Louis II Lord of Bontin 1527 1565 Peter Lord of Martroy 1487 1525 Edme Lord of Frauville 1489 1516 Peter Lord of Arrablay 1433 1461 Charles Lord of Arrablay 1434 1488 Francis Lord of Arrablay 1485 1540 Philip Lord of La Ferte Loupiere 1292 1346 John I Lord of La Ferte Loupiere 1346 1412 John II Lord of La Ferte Loupiere 1388 1438 Robert a monk 1296 1331 William vidame of Reims 1299 1331 Stephen a priest 1305 1348 Peter Lord of Autry 1305 1348 William Lord of Tanlay c 1172 1248 Robert I Lord of Tanlay 1205 1260 John I Lord of Tanlay 1230 1285 Robert II Lord of Tanlay 1260 1310 William II Lord of Tanlay b 1285 Robert III Lord of Tanlay 1307 1346 John II Lord of Tanlay 1308 1342 Philip II Lord of Tanlay 1320 1384 Peter of Tanlay 1352 1383 Stephen Lord of Ravieres 1356 1383 Philip a prior 1292 after 1315 Stephen Lord of Tanerre 1262 1332 Philip Lord of Ravieres 1264 1300 John abbot of Quincey 1266 1300 John of Tanlay d after 1248 Philip of France Archdeacon of Paris 1132 1160 Philip Count of Mantes fr 1093 1133 Fleury Lord of Nangis fr 1095 1119 Hugh Count of Vermandois 1057 1101 Ralph I Count of Vermandois d 1152 Ralph II Count of Vermandois 1145 1167 Henry Lord of Chaumont en Vexin 1091 1130 Simon I of Vermandois fr 1093 1148 Robert I Duke of Burgundy 1011 1076 House of Burgundy Hugh of Burgundy 1034 1059 Henry of Burgundy 1035 1070 Hugh I Duke of Burgundy 1057 1093 Odo I Duke of Burgundy 1060 1103 Hugh II Duke of Burgundy 1084 1143 Odo II Duke of Burgundy 1118 1162 Hugh III Duke of Burgundy 1142 1192 Odo III Duke of Burgundy 1166 1218 Hugh IV Duke of Burgundy 1213 1272 Odo Count of Nevers 1230 1266 John of Burgundy 1231 1268 Robert II Duke of Burgundy 1248 1306 Hugh V Duke of Burgundy 1284 1315 Odo IV Duke of Burgundy 1295 1348 Philip I Count of Auvergne 1323 1346 Louis of Burgundy 1297 1316 Robert Count of Tonnerre 1302 1334 Hugh viscount of Avallon Alexander Lord of Montaigu 1170 1206 Guigues VI of Viennois 1184 1237 Guigues VII of Viennois 1225 1269 John I of Viennois 1264 1282 Gauthier Archbishop of Besancon 1120 1180 Hugh le Roux 1121 1171 William of Chatelet Chalon Robert Bishop of Autun 1122 1140 Henry Bishop of Autun 1124 1170 Raymond Count of Grignon 1125 1156 Henry a priest 1087 1125 Robert of Burgundy bishop of Langres 1059 1111 Raynald I abbot of Flavigny 1059 1090 Henry Count of Portugal 1066 1112 Portuguese House of Burgundy Alphonse I of Portugal 1109 1185 Sancho I of Portugal 1154 1211 Alphonse II of Portugal 1185 1223 Sancho II of Portugal 1209 1248 Alphonse III of Portugal 1210 1279 Denis of Portugal 1261 1325 Alphonse IV of Portugal 1291 1357 Peter I of Portugal 1320 1367 Ferdinand I of Portugal 1345 1383 Alphonse of Portugal Lord of Portalegre 1263 1312 Ferdinand Lord of Serpa 1217 1246 Peter I Count of Urgell 1187 1258 Ferdinand Count of Flanders 1188 1233 Robert of Burgundy 1040 1113 Simon of Burgundy 1045 1087 Odo of France mentally incapacitated 1013 1059See also editFrench monarchs family tree Genealogiae scriptoris Fusniacensis Capetian ArmorialNotes editWorks cited edit Naus James 2016 Constructing kingship the Capetian monarchs of France and the early Crusades Manchester University Press ISBN 9780719090974 Further reading editIngmar Krause Konflikt und Ritual im Herrschaftsbereich der fruhen Capetinger Untersuchungen zur Darstellung und Funktion symbolischen Verhaltens in German Rhema Verlag Munster 2006 ISBN 978 3 930454 62 4 Fawtier Robert The Capetian Kings of France Monarchy amp Nation 987 1328 Macmillan 1960 translated from French edition of 1941 Hallam Elizabeth M Capetian France 987 1328 Longman 1980 Le Hete Thierry Les Capetiens Le Livre du Millenaire Editions Christian 1987 External links editGenealogies of the Capetian dynasty from Genealogy eu Capetian Kings Chart of 148 Kings France Spain England etc 500 yr timeline and wiki links An Empire of Memory The Legend of Charlemagne the Franks and Jerusalem before the First Crusade Oxford University Press 2011 p 22 ISBN 978 0 19 161640 2 MacLagan Michael Louda Jiri 1984 Lines of Succession Heraldry of the Royal Families of Europe London Orbis ISBN 978 0 85613 672 6 Hallam Elizabeth M Everard Judith 2001 Capetian France 987 1328 second ed Harlow UK Longman ISBN 978 0 582 40428 1 Bradbury Jim 2007 The Capetians Kings of France 987 1328 Bloomsbury Publishing ISBN 978 0 8264 2491 4 Naus 2016 Detlev Schwennicke Europaische Stammtafeln Stammtafeln zur Geschichte der Europaischen Staaten Neue Folge Band II Marburg Germany J A Stargardt 1984 Tafeln 10 11 Pierre Riche The Carolingians A Family Who Forged Europe trans Michael Idomir Allen Philadelphia University of Pennsylvania Press 1993 pp 371 375 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Capetian dynasty amp oldid 1223184430, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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