John was born in Arras, and succeeded as duke of Brabant in 1415, after his father's death at the Battle of Agincourt. However, his succession was not immediately accepted by everyone. The holy Roman emperor Sigismund contested his succession, as he wished to curb the Valois influence (read: the influence of the duke of Burgundy, John's uncle) in the region. John the Fearless, the duke of Burgundy, naturally supported his nephew, as did the States of Brabant. Their joint support prevented a second succession war in the duchy.[2] Furthermore, through their support of John as the new duke, the States of Brabant gained regency over the duchy until the coming of age of the still underage duke.[3]
Marriage to Jacqueline, Countess of Hainaut
In 1418, he married Jacqueline, Countess of Hainaut. Jacqueline's supporters hoped that the marriage would provide a protector - in the person of John IV of Brabant - of Jacqueline's inheritance against the claims of her uncle John III. Through their marriage, the counties of Holland, Zeeland and Hainaut and the duchies of Brabant and Limburg were united in a personal union.
However, the marriage did not provide the stability sought after by Jacqueline and her supporters and eventually led to estrangement of the couple in 1420. One of the reasons was his incapability to protect her rights in Holland and Zeeland. His attempts in the first year of their marriage, such as the disastrous Siege of Dordrecht (summer of 1418), were insufficient against the force of Jacqueline's uncle, John III. Another reason why their marriage and John's attempts to defend Jacqueline's rights in Holland and Zeeland did not succeed was that John's closest advisors were all part of the Cod faction, while Jacqueline's supporters were of the Hook faction in the Hook and Cod disputes. This meant an inevitable political struggle. Under influence of his advisors, John appointed Jacqueline's uncle, John III, as regent (Dutch: ruwaard) of Holland in 1420. This open support of her uncle caused Jacqueline to flee her husband's court and declared their marriage annulled.[4]
After the death of John III in 1425, the county of Holland once again fell to John IV. However, he immediately appointed his cousin Philip the Good, duke of Burgundy, as the new regent as well as his heir in case he died without issue.[5]
Tensions in the Duchy of Brabant
Coat of Arms of the Dukes of Brabant of the Burgundy family.
That John's advisors were of the Cod faction did not only cause friction in John's marriage to Jacqueline, but also caused tensions in the Duchy of Brabant. There was a great discontent amongst the cities and the aristocracy who had been powerful under his father's reign against these powerful advisors.[6] When Jacqueline left her husband in 1420, the States of Brabant sided with her. They appointed John's brother, Philip of Saint-Pol, regent of Brabant.
A forceful reaction of the duke against these measures was prevented by the uprising of the Brussels guilds. This meant that, for the time being, John had to bend to their wishes.[7] A reconciliation treaty was made in 1421 and John was restored to his full ducal powers. In return, he expanded the city privileges and the powers of the States of Brabant in 1422, a measure called the Nieuw Regiment.[7] With this reconciliation, the States of Brabant supported their duke in his fight against Jacqueline and her new husband, Humphrey, Duke of Gloucester. He never accepted the annulment of their marriage, and was post-mortem backed up by the pope in 1428.[8]
John died in Brussels in 1427, aged 23, without issue. This meant his claims on Holland, Zeeland and Hainaut, as husband of Jacqueline, were transferred to Philip the Good. His duchies of Brabant and Limburg were inherited by his younger brother, Philip of Saint-Pol.
Double groat, struck in Maastricht under the reign of John IV, Duke of Brabant and Limburg (1415–1427)
Legacy
He is often typified as a weak prince, who was easily influenced by more shrewd and politically able men, such as Philip the Good and John III of Holland. His age and inexperience would have played a major role in this characterization.[9]
^Jean de Wavrin (1879). Recueil des croniques et anchiennes istories de la Grant Bretaigne, à présent nommé Engleterre. Longman, Green, Longman, Roberts, and Green. pp. 223–.
^De Brabantse Leeuw sluimert (1356–1430) in: Geschiedenis van Brabant, van het hertogdom tot heden (2004), p. 164
^Geschiedenis van Brabant, van het hertogdom tot heden, p. 164-165
^A. Janse, Een Pion voor een Dame, Jacoba van Beieren (1401–1436), 2009, p. 179-195
john, duke, brabant, june, 1403, april, 1427, antoine, burgundy, duke, brabant, lothier, limburg, first, wife, jeanne, saint, second, brabantian, ruler, from, house, valois, best, known, founding, university, leuven, 1425, born11, june, 1403arrasdied17, april,. John IV Duke of Brabant 11 June 1403 17 April 1427 1 was the son of Antoine of Burgundy Duke of Brabant Lothier and Limburg and his first wife Jeanne of Saint Pol He was the second Brabantian ruler from the House of Valois He is best known for founding the Old University of Leuven in 1425 John IV Duke of BrabantJohn IV Duke of BrabantBorn11 June 1403ArrasDied17 April 1427 1427 04 17 aged 23 BrusselsBuriedSaint John the Evangelist Church Tervuren nl Noble familyValoisSpouse s Jacqueline Countess of HainautFatherAntoine of BurgundyMotherJeanne of Saint PolStatue of John IV on the House of the Dukes of Brabant in Brussels Contents 1 Succession as Duke of Brabant 2 Marriage to Jacqueline Countess of Hainaut 3 Tensions in the Duchy of Brabant 4 Legacy 5 Ancestors 6 NotesSuccession as Duke of Brabant EditJohn was born in Arras and succeeded as duke of Brabant in 1415 after his father s death at the Battle of Agincourt However his succession was not immediately accepted by everyone The holy Roman emperor Sigismund contested his succession as he wished to curb the Valois influence read the influence of the duke of Burgundy John s uncle in the region John the Fearless the duke of Burgundy naturally supported his nephew as did the States of Brabant Their joint support prevented a second succession war in the duchy 2 Furthermore through their support of John as the new duke the States of Brabant gained regency over the duchy until the coming of age of the still underage duke 3 Marriage to Jacqueline Countess of Hainaut EditIn 1418 he married Jacqueline Countess of Hainaut Jacqueline s supporters hoped that the marriage would provide a protector in the person of John IV of Brabant of Jacqueline s inheritance against the claims of her uncle John III Through their marriage the counties of Holland Zeeland and Hainaut and the duchies of Brabant and Limburg were united in a personal union However the marriage did not provide the stability sought after by Jacqueline and her supporters and eventually led to estrangement of the couple in 1420 One of the reasons was his incapability to protect her rights in Holland and Zeeland His attempts in the first year of their marriage such as the disastrous Siege of Dordrecht summer of 1418 were insufficient against the force of Jacqueline s uncle John III Another reason why their marriage and John s attempts to defend Jacqueline s rights in Holland and Zeeland did not succeed was that John s closest advisors were all part of the Cod faction while Jacqueline s supporters were of the Hook faction in the Hook and Cod disputes This meant an inevitable political struggle Under influence of his advisors John appointed Jacqueline s uncle John III as regent Dutch ruwaard of Holland in 1420 This open support of her uncle caused Jacqueline to flee her husband s court and declared their marriage annulled 4 After the death of John III in 1425 the county of Holland once again fell to John IV However he immediately appointed his cousin Philip the Good duke of Burgundy as the new regent as well as his heir in case he died without issue 5 Tensions in the Duchy of Brabant Edit Coat of Arms of the Dukes of Brabant of the Burgundy family That John s advisors were of the Cod faction did not only cause friction in John s marriage to Jacqueline but also caused tensions in the Duchy of Brabant There was a great discontent amongst the cities and the aristocracy who had been powerful under his father s reign against these powerful advisors 6 When Jacqueline left her husband in 1420 the States of Brabant sided with her They appointed John s brother Philip of Saint Pol regent of Brabant A forceful reaction of the duke against these measures was prevented by the uprising of the Brussels guilds This meant that for the time being John had to bend to their wishes 7 A reconciliation treaty was made in 1421 and John was restored to his full ducal powers In return he expanded the city privileges and the powers of the States of Brabant in 1422 a measure called the Nieuw Regiment 7 With this reconciliation the States of Brabant supported their duke in his fight against Jacqueline and her new husband Humphrey Duke of Gloucester He never accepted the annulment of their marriage and was post mortem backed up by the pope in 1428 8 John died in Brussels in 1427 aged 23 without issue This meant his claims on Holland Zeeland and Hainaut as husband of Jacqueline were transferred to Philip the Good His duchies of Brabant and Limburg were inherited by his younger brother Philip of Saint Pol Double groat struck in Maastricht under the reign of John IV Duke of Brabant and Limburg 1415 1427 Legacy EditHe is often typified as a weak prince who was easily influenced by more shrewd and politically able men such as Philip the Good and John III of Holland His age and inexperience would have played a major role in this characterization 9 Ancestors EditAncestors of John IV Duke of Brabant16 Philip VI of France8 John II of France17 Joan the Lame4 Philip the Bold18 John I of Bohemia9 Bonne of Bohemia19 Elisabeth of Bohemia2 Anthony Duke of Brabant20 Louis I of Flanders10 Louis II of Flanders21 Margaret I Countess of Burgundy5 Margaret III Countess of Flanders22 John III Duke of Brabant11 Margaret of Brabant23 Marie d Evreux1 John IV Duke of Brabant24 John I of Luxembourg Lord of Ligny12 Guy I of Luxembourg Count of Ligny25 Alix of Dampierre6 Waleran III of Luxembourg Count of Ligny26 Jean de Chatillon Saint Pol13 Mahaut of Chatillon27 Jeanne de Fiennes3 Jeanne of Saint Pol28 Robert de Holland 1st Baron Holand14 Thomas Holland 1st Earl of Kent29 Maud la Zouche7 Lady Maud Holland30 Edmund of Woodstock 1st Earl of Kent15 Joan of Kent31 Margaret Wake 3rd Baroness Wake of LiddellNotes Edit Jean de Wavrin 1879 Recueil des croniques et anchiennes istories de la Grant Bretaigne a present nomme Engleterre Longman Green Longman Roberts and Green pp 223 De Brabantse Leeuw sluimert 1356 1430 in Geschiedenis van Brabant van het hertogdom tot heden 2004 p 164 Geschiedenis van Brabant van het hertogdom tot heden p 164 165 A Janse Een Pion voor een Dame Jacoba van Beieren 1401 1436 2009 p 179 195 A Janse p 238 Geschiedenis van Brabant van het hertogdom tot heden p 165 166 a b Geschiedenis van Brabant van het hertogdom tot heden p 166 A Janse p 279 280 Geschiedenis van Brabant van het hertogdom tot heden p 167 168 John IV Duke of BrabantHouse of ValoisBorn 11 June 1403 Died 17 April 1427Preceded byJacqueline Count of Hainaut Holland and Zeeland1418 1427 Succeeded byPhilip the GoodPreceded byAntoon Duke of Brabant Lothier and Limburg1415 1427 Succeeded byPhilip of Saint Pol Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title John IV Duke of Brabant amp oldid 1100025263, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
