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Wikipedia

Animal product

February 16, 2024

An animal product is any material derived from the body of a non-human animal.[1] Examples are fat, flesh, blood, milk, eggs, and lesser known products, such as isinglass and rennet.[2]

A dish called "Duck, Duck, Duck" because the three parts come from the complex body of the duck: duck eggs, duck confit and roast duck breast
Varieties of goat cheese

Animal by-products, as defined by the USDA, are products harvested or manufactured from livestock other than muscle meat.[3] In the EU, animal by-products (ABPs) are defined somewhat more broadly, as materials from animals that people do not consume.[4] Thus, chicken eggs for human consumption are considered by-products in the US but not France; whereas eggs destined for animal feed are classified as animal by-products in both countries. This does not in itself reflect on the condition, safety, or wholesomeness of the product.

Animal by-products are carcasses and parts of carcasses from slaughterhouses, animal shelters, zoos and veterinarians, and products of animal origin not intended for human consumption, including catering waste. These products may go through a process known as rendering to be made into human and non-human foodstuffs, fats, and other material that can be sold to make commercial products such as cosmetics, paint, cleaners, polishes, glue, soap and ink. The sale of animal by-products allows the meat industry to compete economically with industries selling sources of vegetable protein.[5]

The word animals includes all species in the biological kingdom Animalia, including, for example, tetrapods, arthropods, and mollusks. Generally, products made from fossilized or decomposed animals, such as petroleum formed from the ancient remains of marine animals are not considered animal products. Crops grown in soil fertilized with animal remains are rarely characterized as animal products. Products sourced from humans (ex; hair sold for wigs, donated blood) are not typically classified as animal products even though humans are part of the animal kingdom.

Increased production and consumption over the past 50 years has led to widespread environmental and animal welfare impacts. These range from being linked to 80% of Amazonian deforestation[6] to the welfare implications of using chick culling shredders on live day old-chicks for 7 billion of them each year.[7]

Several popular diet patterns prohibit the inclusion of some categories of animal products and may also limit the conditions of when other animal products may be permitted. This includes but not limited to secular diets; like, vegetarian, pescetarian, and paleolithic diets, as well as religious diets, such as kosher, halal, mahayana, macrobiotic, and sattvic diets. Other diets, such as vegan-vegetarian diets and all its subsets exclude any material of animal origin.[8] Scholarly, the term animal source foods (ASFs) has been used to refer to these animal products and by-products collectively.[9]

In international trade legislation, the terminology products of animal origin (POAO) is used for referring to foods and goods that are derived from animals or have close relation to them.[10]

Slaughterhouse waste edit

 
Slaughterhouse waste

Slaughterhouse waste is defined as animal body parts cut off in the preparation of carcasses for use as food. This waste can come from several sources, including slaughterhouses, restaurants, stores and farms. In the UK, slaughterhouse waste is classed as category 3 risk waste in the Animal By-Products Regulations, with the exception of condemned meat which is classed as category 2 risk.

By-products in pet food edit

The leftover pieces that come from the process of stripping meat from animals tends to get used for different purposes. One of them is to put these parts into pet food.[11] Many large, well-known pet food brands use animal by-products as protein sources in their recipes. This can include animal feet, livers, lungs, heads, spleens, etc or an admixture in the form of meat and bone meal. These organs are usually not eaten by humans depending on culture, but are safe and nutritious for pets regardless. By-products can also include bad-looking pieces. They are always cooked (rendered) to kill pathogens.[11] Some pet food makers advertise the lack of by-products to appeal to buyers, a move criticized for contributing to food waste and reducing sustainability.[12]

Effects of Production edit

Main article: Animal Husbandry § Effects

Environmental impact edit

Main articles: Environmental impact of livestock and Environmental impact of meat production
 
Livestock production requires large areas of land.

Animal husbandry has a significant impact on the world environment. Both production and consumption of animal products have increased rapidly. Over the past 50 years, meat production has tripled, whereas the production of dairy products doubled and that of eggs almost increased fourfold.[13] Meanwhile, meat consumption has nearly doubled worldwide. Developing countries had a surge in meat consumption, particularly of monogastric livestock.[14] Being a part of the animal–industrial complex, animal agriculture drives climate change, ocean acidification, and biodiversity loss, and kills 60 billion animals annually.[15] It uses between 20 and 33% of the world's fresh water,[16] Livestock, and the production of feed for them, occupy about a third of the Earth's ice-free land.[17] Livestock production contributes to species extinction, desertification,[18] and habitat destruction.[19] and is the primary driver of the Holocene extinction.[20][21][22][23][24] Some 70% of the agricultural land and 30% of the total land surface of the Earth is involved directly or indirectly in animal agriculture.[25] Habitat is destroyed by clearing forests and converting land to grow feed crops and for grazing, while predators and herbivores are frequently targeted because of a perceived threat to livestock profits; for example, animal husbandry causes up to 91% of the deforestation in the Amazon region.[26] In addition, livestock produce greenhouse gases. Cows produce some 570 million cubic metres of methane per day,[27] that accounts for 35 to 40% of the overall methane emissions of the planet.[28] Further, livestock production is responsible for 65% of all human-related emissions of nitrous oxide.[28][29][30]

Animal welfare edit

Main article: Animal welfare

Since the 18th century, people have become increasingly concerned about the welfare of farm animals. Possible measures of welfare include longevity, behavior, physiology, reproduction, freedom from disease, and freedom from immunosuppression. Standards and laws for animal welfare have been created worldwide, broadly in line with the most widely held position in the western world, a form of utilitarianism: that it is morally acceptable for humans to use non-human animals, provided that no unnecessary suffering is caused, and that the benefits to humans outweigh the costs to the livestock. An opposing view is that animals have rights, should not be regarded as property, are not necessary to use, and should never be used by humans.[31][32][33][34][35] Live export of animals has risen to meet increased global demand for livestock such as in the Middle East. Animal rights activists have objected to long-distance transport of animals; one result was the banning of live exports from New Zealand in 2003.[36]

Additives edit

  • Carmine, derived from crushed cochineal beetles, is a red or purple substance commonly used in food products.[37] It is common in food products such as juice, candy, and yogurt.[38][39] The presence of carmine in these products has been a source of controversy.[40][41] One major source of controversy was the use of carmine in Starbucks frappuccinos.[42][43] Carmine is an allergen according to the FDA.[44] It takes about 70,000 female insects to produce a pound of dye.[45]
  • L-cysteine from human hair and pig bristles (used in the production of biscuits, bread and dietary supplements)
  • Rennet (commonly used in the production of cheese)
  • Shellac (commonly used for food dye, food glaze and medicine glaze)
  • Swiftlet's nest (made of saliva)

Food edit

Non-food animal products edit

See also edit

References edit

  1. ^ Gilman, Daniel Coit; Peck, Harry Thurston; Colby, Frank Moore (1907). The New International Encyclopædia. Dodd, Mead & Co. p. 474.
  2. ^ Unklesbay, Nan. World Food and You. Routledge, 1992, p. 179ff.
  3. ^ . Archived from the original on February 2, 2017. Retrieved January 20, 2017.
  4. ^ "Animal by-products". from the original on January 15, 2021. Retrieved January 20, 2017.
  5. ^ Ockerman, Herbert and Hansen, Conly L. Animal by-product processing & utilization. Technomic Publishing Company Inc., 2000, p. 1.
  6. ^ Skidmore, Marin Elisabeth; Moffette, Fanny; Rausch, Lisa; Christie, Matthew; Munger, Jacob; Gibbs, Holly K. (April 2021). "Cattle ranchers and deforestation in the Brazilian Amazon: Production, location, and policies". Global Environmental Change. 68: 102280. doi:10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2021.102280. ISSN 0959-3780.
  7. ^ Krautwald-Junghanns, M-E; Cramer, K; Fischer, B; Förster, A; Galli, R; Kremer, F; Mapesa, E U; Meissner, S; Preisinger, R; Preusse, G; Schnabel, C; Steiner, G; Bartels, T (November 17, 2017). "Current approaches to avoid the culling of day-old male chicks in the layer industry, with special reference to spectroscopic methods". Poultry Science. 97 (3): 749–757. doi:10.3382/ps/pex389. ISSN 0032-5791.
  8. ^ Stepaniak, Joanne. Being Vegan: Living with Conscience, Conviction, and Compassion. McGraw-Hill Professional, 2000, p. 7.
  9. ^ Adesogan, Adegbola (October 14, 2019). "Animal source foods: Sustainability problem or malnutrition and sustainability solution? Perspective matters". Global Food Security. 25: 100325. doi:10.1016/j.gfs.2019.100325.
  10. ^ "Animals and animal products: international trade regulations". from the original on January 14, 2021. Retrieved August 6, 2018.
  11. ^ a b "Byproducts". talkspetfood.aafco.org. from the original on August 24, 2021. Retrieved April 29, 2020.
  12. ^ "A big pawprint: The environmental impact of pet food". Clinical Nutrition Service at Cummings School. February 8, 2018. from the original on October 28, 2021. Retrieved April 29, 2020.
  13. ^ Speedy, Andrew W. (November 1, 2003). "Global Production and Consumption of Animal Source Foods". The Journal of Nutrition. 133 (11): 4048S–4053S. doi:10.1093/jn/133.11.4048s. ISSN 0022-3166. PMID 14672310.
  14. ^ Sans, P.; Combris, P. (November 2015). "World meat consumption patterns: An overview of the last fifty years (1961–2011)". Meat Science. 109: 106–111. doi:10.1016/j.meatsci.2015.05.012. ISSN 0309-1740. PMID 26117396.
  15. ^ Boscardin, Livia (July 12, 2016). "Greenwashing the Animal-Industrial Complex: Sustainable Intensification and Happy Meat". 3rd ISA Forum of Sociology, Vienna, Austria. ISAConf.confex.com. Retrieved August 10, 2021.
  16. ^ Mekonnen, Mesfin M.; Hoekstra, Arjen Y. (2012). (PDF). Water Footprint Network. Archived from the original (PDF) on March 11, 2015. Retrieved October 5, 2015.
  17. ^ . Food and Agriculture Organizations of the United Nations. Archived from the original on March 28, 2008. Retrieved October 5, 2015.
  18. ^ Whitford, Walter G. (2002). Ecology of desert systems. Academic Press. p. 277. ISBN 978-0-12-747261-4.
  19. ^ . Annenberg Learner. Archived from the original on October 28, 2018. Retrieved June 18, 2020.
  20. ^ Ripple WJ, Wolf C, Newsome TM, Galetti M, Alamgir M, Crist E, Mahmoud MI, Laurance WF (November 13, 2017). (PDF). BioScience. 67 (12): 1026–1028. doi:10.1093/biosci/bix125. hdl:11336/71342. Archived from the original (PDF) on December 15, 2019. Retrieved August 10, 2021.
  21. ^ Carrington, Damian (February 3, 2021). "Plant-based diets crucial to saving global wildlife, says report". The Guardian. Retrieved August 5, 2021.
  22. ^ McGrath, Matt (May 6, 2019). "Humans 'threaten 1m species with extinction'". BBC. Retrieved August 3, 2021.
  23. ^ Machovina, B.; Feeley, K. J.; Ripple, W. J. (2015). "Biodiversity conservation: The key is reducing meat consumption". Science of the Total Environment. 536: 419–431. Bibcode:2015ScTEn.536..419M. doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2015.07.022. PMID 26231772.
  24. ^ Smithers, Rebecca (October 5, 2017). "Vast animal-feed crops to satisfy our meat needs are destroying planet". The Guardian. Retrieved October 5, 2017.
  25. ^ Ilea, Ramona Cristina (December 11, 2008). "Intensive Livestock Farming: Global Trends, Increased Environmental Concerns, and Ethical Solutions". Journal of Agricultural and Environmental Ethics. 22 (2): 153–167. doi:10.1007/s10806-008-9136-3. S2CID 154306257.
  26. ^ Margulis, Sergio (2003). Causes of Deforestation of the Brazilian Rainforest. World Bank Working Papers. Washington: World Bank Publications. doi:10.1596/0-8213-5691-7. ISBN 978-0-8213-5691-3.
  27. ^ Ross, Philip (2013). "Cow farts have 'larger greenhouse gas impact' than previously thought; methane pushes climate change". International Business Times.
  28. ^ a b Steinfeld, H.; Gerber, P.; Wassenaar, T.; Castel, V.; Rosales, M.; de Haan, C. (2006). "Livestock's Long Shadow: Environmental Issues and Options". FAO. Retrieved December 13, 2017.
  29. ^ Stoll-Kleemann, Susanne; O'Riordan, Tim (April 23, 2015). "The Sustainability Challenges of Our Meat and Dairy Diets". Environment: Science and Policy for Sustainable Development. 57 (3): 34–48. doi:10.1080/00139157.2015.1025644. S2CID 153809456.
  30. ^ McAfee, Alison J.; McSorley, Emeir M.; Cuskelly, Geraldine J.; Moss, Bruce W.; Wallace, Julie M. W.; Bonham, Maxine P.; Fearon, Anna M. (January 2010). "Red meat consumption: An overview of the risks and benefits". Meat Science. 84 (1): 1–13. doi:10.1016/j.meatsci.2009.08.029. PMID 20374748.
  31. ^ Grandin, Temple (2013). "Animals are not things: A view on animal welfare based on neurological complexity" (PDF). Trans-Scripts 3: An Interdisciplinary Online Journal in Humanities And Social Sciences at UC Irvine. Archived from the original (PDF) on August 19, 2014.
  32. ^ Hewson, C.J. (2003). "What is animal welfare? Common definitions and their practical consequences". The Canadian Veterinary Journal. 44 (6): 496–99. PMC 340178. PMID 12839246.
  33. ^ Broom, D.M. (1991). "Animal welfare: concepts and measurement". Journal of Animal Science. 69 (10): 4167–75. doi:10.2527/1991.69104167x. PMID 1778832.
  34. ^ Garner, R. (2005). Animal Ethics. Polity Press.
  35. ^ Regan, T. (1983). The Case for Animal Rights. University of California Press. ISBN 9780520049048.
  36. ^ "'This one has heat stress': the shocking reality of live animal exports". The Guardian. July 30, 2018.
  37. ^ Jones, Nathaniel Lee, Benji. "Yoplait strawberry yogurt is one of many foods colored with carmine, a dye made from crushed cochineal bugs". Business Insider. from the original on January 24, 2022. Retrieved September 3, 2020.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  38. ^ Pearson, Gwen (September 10, 2015). "You Know What Makes Great Food Coloring? Bugs". Wired. ISSN 1059-1028. Retrieved September 3, 2020.
  39. ^ Smale, Helen Soteriou and Will (April 28, 2018). "Why you may have been eating insects your whole life". BBC News. from the original on November 27, 2021. Retrieved September 3, 2020.
  40. ^ "Berries Over Bugs! | Center for Science in the Public Interest". cspinet.org. July 24, 2013. from the original on August 24, 2021. Retrieved September 3, 2020.
  41. ^ "Conference proceedings literature added to ISI's chemistry citation index". Applied Catalysis A: General. 107 (1): N4–N5. December 1993. doi:10.1016/0926-860x(93)85126-a. ISSN 0926-860X.
  42. ^ "Cochineal and Starbucks: Actually, this dye is everywhere". Los Angeles Times. April 20, 2012. from the original on August 24, 2021. Retrieved September 3, 2020.
  43. ^ Cruz, Kim Bhasin, Noelia de la. "Here's what you need to know about the ground-up insects that Starbucks puts in your Frappuccino". Business Insider. from the original on November 9, 2021. Retrieved September 3, 2020.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  44. ^ "Why You Should Never, Ever Give Red Candies To Your Valentine". HuffPost. February 13, 2014. from the original on June 28, 2021. Retrieved September 3, 2020.
  45. ^ "Is it true that some candies are coloured with insect extract?". Office for Science and Society. from the original on August 24, 2021. Retrieved September 3, 2020.

Further reading edit

  • Extensive list identifying animal-derived and vegan ingredients
  • Heinz, G. & Hautzinger, P. "Meat Processing Technology" February 7, 2019, at the Wayback Machine, Food and Agriculture Organization, 2007, accessed March 30, 2012.
  • Leoci, R., Animal by-products (ABPs): origins, uses, and European regulations, Mantova (Italy): Universitas Studiorum, 2014. ISBN 978-88-97683-47-6
  • Mian N Riaz, Riaz N Riaz, Muhammad M Chaudry. Halal Food Production, CRC Press, 2004. ISBN 1-58716-029-3
  • Tsai, Michelle. "What's in a can of dog food?, Slate, March 19, 2007.
  • Earthly Origin of Materials, is a material animal, vegetable, or mineral?

February 16, 2024
animal, product, animal, product, material, derived, from, body, human, animal, examples, flesh, blood, milk, eggs, lesser, known, products, such, isinglass, rennet, dish, called, duck, duck, duck, because, three, parts, come, from, complex, body, duck, duck, . An animal product is any material derived from the body of a non human animal 1 Examples are fat flesh blood milk eggs and lesser known products such as isinglass and rennet 2 A dish called Duck Duck Duck because the three parts come from the complex body of the duck duck eggs duck confit and roast duck breastVarieties of goat cheeseAnimal by products as defined by the USDA are products harvested or manufactured from livestock other than muscle meat 3 In the EU animal by products ABPs are defined somewhat more broadly as materials from animals that people do not consume 4 Thus chicken eggs for human consumption are considered by products in the US but not France whereas eggs destined for animal feed are classified as animal by products in both countries This does not in itself reflect on the condition safety or wholesomeness of the product Animal by products are carcasses and parts of carcasses from slaughterhouses animal shelters zoos and veterinarians and products of animal origin not intended for human consumption including catering waste These products may go through a process known as rendering to be made into human and non human foodstuffs fats and other material that can be sold to make commercial products such as cosmetics paint cleaners polishes glue soap and ink The sale of animal by products allows the meat industry to compete economically with industries selling sources of vegetable protein 5 The word animals includes all species in the biological kingdom Animalia including for example tetrapods arthropods and mollusks Generally products made from fossilized or decomposed animals such as petroleum formed from the ancient remains of marine animals are not considered animal products Crops grown in soil fertilized with animal remains are rarely characterized as animal products Products sourced from humans ex hair sold for wigs donated blood are not typically classified as animal products even though humans are part of the animal kingdom Increased production and consumption over the past 50 years has led to widespread environmental and animal welfare impacts These range from being linked to 80 of Amazonian deforestation 6 to the welfare implications of using chick culling shredders on live day old chicks for 7 billion of them each year 7 Several popular diet patterns prohibit the inclusion of some categories of animal products and may also limit the conditions of when other animal products may be permitted This includes but not limited to secular diets like vegetarian pescetarian and paleolithic diets as well as religious diets such as kosher halal mahayana macrobiotic and sattvic diets Other diets such as vegan vegetarian diets and all its subsets exclude any material of animal origin 8 Scholarly the term animal source foods ASFs has been used to refer to these animal products and by products collectively 9 In international trade legislation the terminology products of animal origin POAO is used for referring to foods and goods that are derived from animals or have close relation to them 10 Contents 1 Slaughterhouse waste 1 1 By products in pet food 2 Effects of Production 2 1 Environmental impact 2 2 Animal welfare 3 Additives 4 Food 5 Non food animal products 6 See also 7 References 8 Further readingSlaughterhouse waste edit nbsp Slaughterhouse wasteSlaughterhouse waste is defined as animal body parts cut off in the preparation of carcasses for use as food This waste can come from several sources including slaughterhouses restaurants stores and farms In the UK slaughterhouse waste is classed as category 3 risk waste in the Animal By Products Regulations with the exception of condemned meat which is classed as category 2 risk By products in pet food edit The leftover pieces that come from the process of stripping meat from animals tends to get used for different purposes One of them is to put these parts into pet food 11 Many large well known pet food brands use animal by products as protein sources in their recipes This can include animal feet livers lungs heads spleens etc or an admixture in the form of meat and bone meal These organs are usually not eaten by humans depending on culture but are safe and nutritious for pets regardless By products can also include bad looking pieces They are always cooked rendered to kill pathogens 11 Some pet food makers advertise the lack of by products to appeal to buyers a move criticized for contributing to food waste and reducing sustainability 12 Effects of Production editMain article Animal Husbandry Effects Environmental impact edit Main articles Environmental impact of livestock and Environmental impact of meat production nbsp Livestock production requires large areas of land Animal husbandry has a significant impact on the world environment Both production and consumption of animal products have increased rapidly Over the past 50 years meat production has tripled whereas the production of dairy products doubled and that of eggs almost increased fourfold 13 Meanwhile meat consumption has nearly doubled worldwide Developing countries had a surge in meat consumption particularly of monogastric livestock 14 Being a part of the animal industrial complex animal agriculture drives climate change ocean acidification and biodiversity loss and kills 60 billion animals annually 15 It uses between 20 and 33 of the world s fresh water 16 Livestock and the production of feed for them occupy about a third of the Earth s ice free land 17 Livestock production contributes to species extinction desertification 18 and habitat destruction 19 and is the primary driver of the Holocene extinction 20 21 22 23 24 Some 70 of the agricultural land and 30 of the total land surface of the Earth is involved directly or indirectly in animal agriculture 25 Habitat is destroyed by clearing forests and converting land to grow feed crops and for grazing while predators and herbivores are frequently targeted because of a perceived threat to livestock profits for example animal husbandry causes up to 91 of the deforestation in the Amazon region 26 In addition livestock produce greenhouse gases Cows produce some 570 million cubic metres of methane per day 27 that accounts for 35 to 40 of the overall methane emissions of the planet 28 Further livestock production is responsible for 65 of all human related emissions of nitrous oxide 28 29 30 Animal welfare edit Main article Animal welfare Since the 18th century people have become increasingly concerned about the welfare of farm animals Possible measures of welfare include longevity behavior physiology reproduction freedom from disease and freedom from immunosuppression Standards and laws for animal welfare have been created worldwide broadly in line with the most widely held position in the western world a form of utilitarianism that it is morally acceptable for humans to use non human animals provided that no unnecessary suffering is caused and that the benefits to humans outweigh the costs to the livestock An opposing view is that animals have rights should not be regarded as property are not necessary to use and should never be used by humans 31 32 33 34 35 Live export of animals has risen to meet increased global demand for livestock such as in the Middle East Animal rights activists have objected to long distance transport of animals one result was the banning of live exports from New Zealand in 2003 36 Additives editCarmine derived from crushed cochineal beetles is a red or purple substance commonly used in food products 37 It is common in food products such as juice candy and yogurt 38 39 The presence of carmine in these products has been a source of controversy 40 41 One major source of controversy was the use of carmine in Starbucks frappuccinos 42 43 Carmine is an allergen according to the FDA 44 It takes about 70 000 female insects to produce a pound of dye 45 L cysteine from human hair and pig bristles used in the production of biscuits bread and dietary supplements Rennet commonly used in the production of cheese Shellac commonly used for food dye food glaze and medicine glaze Swiftlet s nest made of saliva Food editAmbrosia also known as bee bread which is made from both plant pollen and the insect s secretions Arachnids Blood especially in the form of blood sausage see also Blood as taboo food Bone including bone char bone meal etc Broths and stocks are often created with animal fat bone and connective tissue Caviar Casein found in milk and cheese Civet oil food flavoring additive Dairy products e g milk cheese yogurt etc Eggs and egg products e g mayonnaise eggnog custard etc Escargot pearls Fat e g lard lardon schmaltz suet tallow etc Gelatin used to make candy ice cream and marshmallows Hard roe as food is used as a raw or cooked ingredient in various dishes Honey including comb honey products Honeydew Isinglass used in clarification of beer and wine Insects some edible insects are consumed whole or made into a powder like cricket flour The flours are then used to make products like insect fitness bars or burger patties Kopi luwak amp Black Ivory Coffee Meat which includes fish shellfish sauces made from them and poultry in addition to livestock game and exotic dishes made from amphibians or reptiles Offal Skins remaining skin scraps as a by product of meat production or fat rendering are made profitable by being fried roasted and sold as snacks like gribenes rinds scratchings and rambak Snake wine also used as medicine Soft roe also known as white roe commonly fried used as an ingredient in a larger dish or used as a condiment in some European and Asian countries Whey found in cheese and added to many other products Non food animal products editAnimal fiber Ambergris Beeswax Bear bile used to make medicine Blood and some blood substitutes blood used for transfusions is always human in origin though some blood substitutes are made from animal sources Many diagnostic laboratory tests use animal or human sourced reagents Casein used in plastics clothing cosmetics adhesives and paint Castoreum secretion of the beaver used in perfumes and possibly in food flavoring Civet oil Coral rock Precious coral in particular is beloved for jewelry making Donkey milk Egg oil used in skin care products as a preservative and as skin conditioning agent Emu oil serves as a natural emollient in cosmetic preparations especially in products that claim it has the ability enhance and maintain beauty Ejaculate used in artificial insemination Feathers Fishmeal Fur Gallstones from livestock for Traditional Chinese Medicine Guano Hide Horse oil used in East Asian skincare masks and creams for similar purposes as emu oil Horn including antlers etc Ivory Lanolin Limulus amebocyte lysate a chemical in horseshoe crab blood used to detect bacterial endotoxin Leather Manure Mink lashes Mink oil Musk Nautilus decorative shell or pearl alternative Ovine Placenta Pearl or mother of pearl Treated as a precious gem for making jewelry or adorning clothing amp accessories Pearl powder is used as a natural skincare product for hydrating amp healing the skin as well as lightening brightening and maintaining youthfulness of the complexion Royal jelly used as a dietary supplement Scales fish scales are often used in makeup to impart a refractive amp pearlescent finish Silk Sponges Skunk oil Snail Mucin used in topical medications and skincare products as a treatment for lesions and acne or as an antioxidant to brighten and hydrate the skin Stearin Tallow may be used in food and soap Tortoiseshell Urine Venom used to produce human and veterinary antivenin Whale oil WoolSee also editAdvanced meat recovery Biodegradable waste Boiling down Food quality Food safety List of waste types Meat extenders Mechanically separated meat Pink slime Potted meat food product Spam food Veganism as alternatives to animal productsReferences edit Gilman Daniel Coit Peck Harry Thurston Colby Frank Moore 1907 The New International Encyclopaedia Dodd Mead amp Co p 474 Unklesbay Nan World Food and You Routledge 1992 p 179ff USDA ERS Glossary Archived from the original on February 2 2017 Retrieved January 20 2017 Animal by products Archived from the original on January 15 2021 Retrieved January 20 2017 Ockerman Herbert and Hansen Conly L Animal by product processing amp utilization Technomic Publishing Company Inc 2000 p 1 Skidmore Marin Elisabeth Moffette Fanny Rausch Lisa Christie Matthew Munger Jacob Gibbs Holly K April 2021 Cattle ranchers and deforestation in the Brazilian Amazon Production location and policies Global Environmental Change 68 102280 doi 10 1016 j gloenvcha 2021 102280 ISSN 0959 3780 Krautwald Junghanns M E Cramer K Fischer B Forster A Galli R Kremer F Mapesa E U Meissner S Preisinger R Preusse G Schnabel C Steiner G Bartels T November 17 2017 Current approaches to avoid the culling of day old male chicks in the layer industry with special reference to spectroscopic methods Poultry Science 97 3 749 757 doi 10 3382 ps pex389 ISSN 0032 5791 Stepaniak Joanne Being Vegan Living with Conscience Conviction and Compassion McGraw Hill Professional 2000 p 7 Adesogan Adegbola October 14 2019 Animal source foods Sustainability problem or malnutrition and sustainability solution Perspective matters Global Food Security 25 100325 doi 10 1016 j gfs 2019 100325 Animals and animal products international trade regulations Archived from the original on January 14 2021 Retrieved August 6 2018 a b Byproducts talkspetfood aafco org Archived from the original on August 24 2021 Retrieved April 29 2020 A big pawprint The environmental impact of pet food Clinical Nutrition Service at Cummings School February 8 2018 Archived from the original on October 28 2021 Retrieved April 29 2020 Speedy Andrew W November 1 2003 Global Production and Consumption of Animal Source Foods The Journal of Nutrition 133 11 4048S 4053S doi 10 1093 jn 133 11 4048s ISSN 0022 3166 PMID 14672310 Sans P Combris P November 2015 World meat consumption patterns An overview of the last fifty years 1961 2011 Meat Science 109 106 111 doi 10 1016 j meatsci 2015 05 012 ISSN 0309 1740 PMID 26117396 Boscardin Livia July 12 2016 Greenwashing the Animal Industrial Complex Sustainable Intensification and Happy Meat 3rd ISA Forum of Sociology Vienna Austria ISAConf confex com Retrieved August 10 2021 Mekonnen Mesfin M Hoekstra Arjen Y 2012 A Global Assessment of the Water Footprint of Farm Animal Products PDF Water Footprint Network Archived from the original PDF on March 11 2015 Retrieved October 5 2015 Livestock a major threat to environment Food and Agriculture Organizations of the United Nations Archived from the original on March 28 2008 Retrieved October 5 2015 Whitford Walter G 2002 Ecology of desert systems Academic Press p 277 ISBN 978 0 12 747261 4 Unit 9 Biodiversity Decline Section 7 Habitat Loss Causes and Consequences Annenberg Learner Archived from the original on October 28 2018 Retrieved June 18 2020 Ripple WJ Wolf C Newsome TM Galetti M Alamgir M Crist E Mahmoud MI Laurance WF November 13 2017 World Scientists Warning to Humanity A Second Notice PDF BioScience 67 12 1026 1028 doi 10 1093 biosci bix125 hdl 11336 71342 Archived from the original PDF on December 15 2019 Retrieved August 10 2021 Carrington Damian February 3 2021 Plant based diets crucial to saving global wildlife says report The Guardian Retrieved August 5 2021 McGrath Matt May 6 2019 Humans threaten 1m species with extinction BBC Retrieved August 3 2021 Machovina B Feeley K J Ripple W J 2015 Biodiversity conservation The key is reducing meat consumption Science of the Total Environment 536 419 431 Bibcode 2015ScTEn 536 419M doi 10 1016 j scitotenv 2015 07 022 PMID 26231772 Smithers Rebecca October 5 2017 Vast animal feed crops to satisfy our meat needs are destroying planet The Guardian Retrieved October 5 2017 Ilea Ramona Cristina December 11 2008 Intensive Livestock Farming Global Trends Increased Environmental Concerns and Ethical Solutions Journal of Agricultural and Environmental Ethics 22 2 153 167 doi 10 1007 s10806 008 9136 3 S2CID 154306257 Margulis Sergio 2003 Causes of Deforestation of the Brazilian Rainforest World Bank Working Papers Washington World Bank Publications doi 10 1596 0 8213 5691 7 ISBN 978 0 8213 5691 3 Ross Philip 2013 Cow farts have larger greenhouse gas impact than previously thought methane pushes climate change International Business Times a b Steinfeld H Gerber P Wassenaar T Castel V Rosales M de Haan C 2006 Livestock s Long Shadow Environmental Issues and Options FAO Retrieved December 13 2017 Stoll Kleemann Susanne O Riordan Tim April 23 2015 The Sustainability Challenges of Our Meat and Dairy Diets Environment Science and Policy for Sustainable Development 57 3 34 48 doi 10 1080 00139157 2015 1025644 S2CID 153809456 McAfee Alison J McSorley Emeir M Cuskelly Geraldine J Moss Bruce W Wallace Julie M W Bonham Maxine P Fearon Anna M January 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carmine a dye made from crushed cochineal bugs Business Insider Archived from the original on January 24 2022 Retrieved September 3 2020 a href Template Cite web html title Template Cite web cite web a CS1 maint multiple names authors list link Pearson Gwen September 10 2015 You Know What Makes Great Food Coloring Bugs Wired ISSN 1059 1028 Retrieved September 3 2020 Smale Helen Soteriou and Will April 28 2018 Why you may have been eating insects your whole life BBC News Archived from the original on November 27 2021 Retrieved September 3 2020 Berries Over Bugs Center for Science in the Public Interest cspinet org July 24 2013 Archived from the original on August 24 2021 Retrieved September 3 2020 Conference proceedings literature added to ISI s chemistry citation index Applied Catalysis A General 107 1 N4 N5 December 1993 doi 10 1016 0926 860x 93 85126 a ISSN 0926 860X Cochineal and Starbucks Actually this dye is everywhere Los Angeles Times April 20 2012 Archived from the original on 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products ABPs origins uses and European regulations Mantova Italy Universitas Studiorum 2014 ISBN 978 88 97683 47 6 Mian N Riaz Riaz N Riaz Muhammad M Chaudry Halal Food Production CRC Press 2004 ISBN 1 58716 029 3 Tsai Michelle What s in a can of dog food Slate March 19 2007 Earthly Origin of Materials is a material animal vegetable or mineral Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Animal product amp oldid 1197836398, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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