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Feijoa sellowiana

Feijoa sellowiana[2][3] also known as Acca sellowiana (O.Berg) Burret,[4] is a species of flowering plant in the myrtle family, Myrtaceae. It is native to the highlands of southern Brazil, eastern Paraguay, Uruguay, and northern Argentina.[5] Feijoa are also common in gardens of New Zealand.[6] It is widely cultivated as an ornamental tree and for its fruit. Common names include feijoa (/fˈʒ.ə/,[7] /-ˈh.ə/,[8] or /ˈf.ə/[9]), pineapple guava and guavasteen, although it is not a true guava.[10] It is an evergreen shrub or small tree, 1–7 metres (3.3–23.0 ft) in height.[11]

Feijoa sellowiana
Fruit
Flower
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Rosids
Order: Myrtales
Family: Myrtaceae
Subfamily: Myrtoideae
Tribe: Myrteae
Genus: Feijoa
O.Berg
Species:
F. sellowiana
Binomial name
Feijoa sellowiana
(O.Berg) O.Berg
Synonyms[2]

Acca sellowiana (O.Berg) Burret
Orthostemon sellowianus O.Berg

Etymology edit

Feijoa sellowiana Berg is from the genus which the German botanist, Ernst Berger, named after João da Silva Feijó, a Portuguese naturalist, and the specific name honors Friedrich Sellow, a German who first collected specimens of Feijoa in southern Brazil.[10] It has been nicknamed "pineapple guava", "Brazilian guava", "fig guava" or "guavasteen" among different countries.[10]

Fruit edit

The fruit matures in autumn and the skin is green. Its shape is roughly that of a prolate spheroid, and it is about the size of a chicken egg. It is sweet, slightly tart, with an aromatic bouquet reminiscent of tropical fruits such as passion fruit, cherry guava, or pineapple. The flesh is juicy and is divided into a clear, gelatinous seed pulp and a firmer, slightly granular, opaque flesh nearer the skin.[10] The fruit falls to the ground when ripe and at its fullest flavour, but it may be picked from the tree prior to falling to prevent bruising.

The fruit pulp resembles the closely related guava, having a gritty texture. The feijoa pulp is used in some natural cosmetic products as an exfoliant. Feijoa fruit has a distinctive, potent smell that resembles that of a fine perfume. The aroma is due to methyl benzoate and related compounds in the fruit.[12]

Growing conditions edit

The plant is a warm-temperate, subtropical plant that also will grow in the tropics, but requires at least 50 hours of winter chilling to fruit, and is frost-tolerant. When grown from seed, feijoas are noted for slow growth during their first year or two, and young plants, though cold tolerant, can be sensitive to high wind.

In the Northern Hemisphere, the species has been cultivated in the United Kingdom[13] and as far north as western Scotland, but under such conditions it does not fruit every year, as winter temperatures below approximately −9 °C (16 °F) kill the flower buds. Summer temperatures above 32 °C (90 °F) may also have an adverse effect upon fruit set. Feijoas are somewhat tolerant of drought and salt in soils, though fruit production can be adversely affected. Tolerant to partial shade, regular watering is essential while the fruit is maturing.

Cultivation edit

 
Young feijoa seedling

Some grafted cultivars of feijoa are self-fertile. Most are not and require a pollinator. Seedlings may or may not be of usable quality; and may or may not be self-fertile. Feijoas will mature into a sprawly shrub but can be kept successfully as a large container plant, though accommodations will need to be made for the width of the plants, and the need to encourage new growth for fruit production.

Feijoas are occasionally found as landscape plants in Texas, Florida, California, and the maritime Pacific Northwest. They can succeed in greenhouses in temperate parts of the United States; and have been grown in-ground as fruiting trees on the United States east coast in coastal Georgia and South Carolina as well as in California. Other regions of the United States such as the southernmost Appalachian Mountains, and the immediate coastal region from North Carolina to Delaware would warrant further investigation.

 
Feijoa orchard with fallen ripe fruit. Dax, Landes, southwestern France

The fruit has been widely grown in New Zealand since the 1920s, and it has become a popular garden tree.[6] It is commonly available in season from March to June.[14][15] In New Zealand, the pollinators of this plant are bees, bumblebees, and medium-sized birds. The silvereye is a pollinator in the cooler parts of the South Island; the blackbird and the Indian myna, which feeds on the sweet, fleshy flower petals, are pollinators further north. In some areas where the species has been introduced, however, the trees have been unproductive due to lack of pollinators. The shrub has very few insect pests, although guava moth is a problem in Northland, New Zealand.[16]

In the South Caucasus, feijoa has been cultivated in the southern coastal region of Azerbaijan since 1928; cultivation in neighboring Georgia has gradually increased to about 988 hectares (2,440 acres) in 1986.[17]

Sale and shipping edit

Ripe fruit is prone to bruising; difficulty maintaining the fruit in good condition for any length of time, along with the short period of optimum ripeness and full flavor, probably explains why feijoas are not exported frequently, and are typically sold close to where they are grown. However, intercontinental shipping of feijoa by sea or air has been successful.[10]

Because of the relatively short shelf life, storekeepers need to be careful to replace older fruit regularly to ensure high quality. In some countries, they also may be purchased at roadside stalls, often at a lower price.

Feijoas may be cool-stored for approximately a month and still have a few days of shelf life at optimum eating maturity.[10] They also may be frozen for up to one year without a loss in quality.

Consumption edit

Nutrition edit

Feijoa, raw
Nutritional value per 100 g (3.5 oz)
Energy230 kJ (55 kcal)
12.92 g
Sugars8.2 g
Dietary fiber6.4 g
0.6 g
0.98 g
VitaminsQuantity
%DV
Thiamine (B1)
1%
0.006 mg
Riboflavin (B2)
1%
0.018 mg
Niacin (B3)
2%
0.295 mg
Pantothenic acid (B5)
5%
0.233 mg
Vitamin B6
4%
0.067 mg
Folate (B9)
6%
23 μg
Vitamin C
37%
32.9 mg
Vitamin E
1%
0.16 mg
Vitamin K
3%
3.5 μg
MineralsQuantity
%DV
Calcium
1%
17 mg
Iron
1%
0.14 mg
Magnesium
2%
9 mg
Manganese
4%
0.084 mg
Phosphorus
2%
19 mg
Potassium
6%
172 mg
Sodium
0%
3 mg
Zinc
1%
0.06 mg

Link to USDA Database entry
Percentages estimated using US recommendations for adults,[18] except for potassium, which is estimated based on expert recommendation from the National Academies.[19]

100 grams (3.5 oz) of raw feijoa provides 55 calories and is 13% carbohydrates, 8% sugars, and 1% each of fat and protein. The raw fruit is a rich source of vitamin C, providing 40% of the Daily Value, but supplies no other micronutrients in significant amount.

Food uses edit

Although the skin is edible, the fruit usually is eaten by cutting it in half, then scooping out the pulp with a spoon. The fruit has a juicy, sweet seed pulp and slightly gritty flesh nearer the skin.[citation needed] The flower petals are edible.[10] The most common uses are eating raw, desserts such as sorbet, sweet pies, crumbles, or in salads. They are regularly consumed by birds.[20][21][22]

Varieties edit

Numerous cultivars of feijoa have been developed. These include:[citation needed]

  • Anatoki
  • Apollo
  • Bambina
  • Barton
  • Den's Choice
  • Choiceana
  • Coolidge
  • Edenvale Improved Coolidge
  • Edenvale Late
  • Edenvale Supreme
  • Gemini
  • Kaiteri
  • Kakariki (a cultivar developed by Waimea Nurseries, New Zealand, large flavor-filled fruit, named for the Māori word for green)
  • Mammoth – named for its relatively massive fruits
  • Moore
  • Nazemetz
  • Opal Star
  • Pineapple Gem
  • Smilax – mid-sized, spherical fruits with smooth texture
  • Trask
  • Triumph
  • Unique (NZ cultivar, particularly tolerant of clay soils, and self pollinating)
  • Vista Long – noted for the long shape of its fruits, developed in Vista, CA
  • Wiki Tu

References edit

  1. ^ IUCN SSC Global Tree Specialist Group, Botanic Gardens Conservation International (BGCI).; Canteiro, C. (2019). "Acca sellowiana". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2019: e.T152946605A152946607. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2019-3.RLTS.T152946605A152946607.en. Retrieved 22 March 2023.
  2. ^ a b Govaerts R. (2020). "Feijoa; in Plants of the World Online". Kew.
  3. ^ Lucas, Eve J.; Holst, Bruce; Sobral, Marcos; Mazine, Fiorella F.; Nic Lughadha, Eimear M.; Barnes Proença, Carolyn E.; Ribeiro da Costa, Itayguara; Vasconcelos, Thais N. C. (September 2019). "A New Subtribal Classification of Tribe Myrteae (Myrtaceae)". Systematic Botany. 44 (3). American Society of Plant Taxonomists: 560–569. doi:10.1600/036364419X15620113920608. ISSN 0363-6445. Retrieved 17 November 2022.
  4. ^ "Acca sellowiana". keys.landcareresearch.co.nz. Retrieved 2023-02-14.
  5. ^ "Acca sellowiana". Germplasm Resources Information Network. Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture. Retrieved 25 May 2013.
  6. ^ a b Evans, Kate (Jul 2020). "The People's Fruit". New Zealand Geographic (164). Kowhai Media. Retrieved 2 April 2021.
  7. ^ Brazilian Portuguese preferred pronunciation — http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/feijoa feijoa. The American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language: Fourth Edition. 2000
  8. ^ Spanish preferred pronunciation — Sunset Western Garden Book, 1995:606–607
  9. ^ "'Citrusy aroma': how feijoas baffled a New Zealand immigrant – and polarise a nation". The Guardian. 2021-04-02. Retrieved 2021-04-04. pronounced "fey-oa" in its native South America and "fee-jo-ah" in New Zealand
  10. ^ a b c d e f g Morton JF (1987). "Feijoa; In: Fruits of Warm Climates". Center for New Crops & Plant Products, Department of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN. pp. 367–70.
  11. ^ "Feijoa | plant species | Britannica". www.britannica.com. Retrieved 2023-02-15.
  12. ^ Shaw GJ, Ellingham PJ & Birch EJ. 1983. Volatile constituents of feijoa-headspace analysis of intact fruit. J.Sci.Fd.Agric. 34: 743-747.
  13. ^ ApteryxGav (2020-03-20). "Feijoas growing in UK - public parks, Zoos and Gardens". Feijoas UK. Retrieved 2023-02-15.
  14. ^ Christian, Harrison (15 May 2015). "385g monster sets new feijoa record". Hawkes Bay Today. from the original on 4 April 2016. Retrieved 21 March 2016.
  15. ^ "New Zealand Feijoa Growers Association". New Zealand Feijoa Growers Association. from the original on 3 March 2016. Retrieved 21 March 2016.
  16. ^ Wakelin RH; et al. (2009). (PDF). Plant and Food Research, New Zealand. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2015-01-14. Retrieved 28 April 2015.
  17. ^ Bose, T.K.; Mitra, S.K.; Sanyal, D., eds. (2001). Fruits: tropical and subtropical, Volume 2. Naya Udyog. p. 660. ISBN 978-81-85971-83-4.
  18. ^ United States Food and Drug Administration (2024). "Daily Value on the Nutrition and Supplement Facts Labels". Retrieved 2024-03-28.
  19. ^ National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine; Health and Medicine Division; Food and Nutrition Board; Committee to Review the Dietary Reference Intakes for Sodium and Potassium (2019). Oria, Maria; Harrison, Meghan; Stallings, Virginia A. (eds.). Dietary Reference Intakes for Sodium and Potassium. The National Academies Collection: Reports funded by National Institutes of Health. Washington (DC): National Academies Press (US). ISBN 978-0-309-48834-1. PMID 30844154.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  20. ^ "Feijoa". California Rare Fruit Growers, Inc. 1996. Retrieved 1 February 2022.
  21. ^ "Pineapple guava; Feijoa (Feijoa sellowiana)". Bandon Oregon Garden Plant List. 2012.
  22. ^ . gardenofaedyn.com. Archived from the original on 2012-03-24.

External links edit

  • Feijoa: Plants for a Future
  • Le feijoa, à voir et à manger dans Jardins de France N°647

feijoa, sellowiana, this, article, needs, additional, citations, verification, please, help, improve, this, article, adding, citations, reliable, sources, unsourced, material, challenged, removed, find, sources, news, newspapers, books, scholar, jstor, october. This article needs additional citations for verification Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources Unsourced material may be challenged and removed Find sources Feijoa sellowiana news newspapers books scholar JSTOR October 2015 Learn how and when to remove this template message Feijoa sellowiana 2 3 also known as Acca sellowiana O Berg Burret 4 is a species of flowering plant in the myrtle family Myrtaceae It is native to the highlands of southern Brazil eastern Paraguay Uruguay and northern Argentina 5 Feijoa are also common in gardens of New Zealand 6 It is widely cultivated as an ornamental tree and for its fruit Common names include feijoa f eɪ ˈ ʒ oʊ e 7 ˈ h oʊ e 8 or ˈ f iː dʒ oʊ e 9 pineapple guava and guavasteen although it is not a true guava 10 It is an evergreen shrub or small tree 1 7 metres 3 3 23 0 ft in height 11 Feijoa sellowianaFruitFlowerConservation statusLeast Concern IUCN 3 1 1 Scientific classificationKingdom PlantaeClade TracheophytesClade AngiospermsClade EudicotsClade RosidsOrder MyrtalesFamily MyrtaceaeSubfamily MyrtoideaeTribe MyrteaeGenus FeijoaO BergSpecies F sellowianaBinomial nameFeijoa sellowiana O Berg O BergSynonyms 2 Acca sellowiana O Berg BurretOrthostemon sellowianus O Berg Contents 1 Etymology 2 Fruit 3 Growing conditions 4 Cultivation 5 Sale and shipping 6 Consumption 6 1 Nutrition 6 2 Food uses 7 Varieties 8 References 9 External linksEtymology editFeijoa sellowiana Berg is from the genus which the German botanist Ernst Berger named after Joao da Silva Feijo a Portuguese naturalist and the specific name honors Friedrich Sellow a German who first collected specimens of Feijoa in southern Brazil 10 It has been nicknamed pineapple guava Brazilian guava fig guava or guavasteen among different countries 10 Fruit editThe fruit matures in autumn and the skin is green Its shape is roughly that of a prolate spheroid and it is about the size of a chicken egg It is sweet slightly tart with an aromatic bouquet reminiscent of tropical fruits such as passion fruit cherry guava or pineapple The flesh is juicy and is divided into a clear gelatinous seed pulp and a firmer slightly granular opaque flesh nearer the skin 10 The fruit falls to the ground when ripe and at its fullest flavour but it may be picked from the tree prior to falling to prevent bruising The fruit pulp resembles the closely related guava having a gritty texture The feijoa pulp is used in some natural cosmetic products as an exfoliant Feijoa fruit has a distinctive potent smell that resembles that of a fine perfume The aroma is due to methyl benzoate and related compounds in the fruit 12 Growing conditions editThe plant is a warm temperate subtropical plant that also will grow in the tropics but requires at least 50 hours of winter chilling to fruit and is frost tolerant When grown from seed feijoas are noted for slow growth during their first year or two and young plants though cold tolerant can be sensitive to high wind In the Northern Hemisphere the species has been cultivated in the United Kingdom 13 and as far north as western Scotland but under such conditions it does not fruit every year as winter temperatures below approximately 9 C 16 F kill the flower buds Summer temperatures above 32 C 90 F may also have an adverse effect upon fruit set Feijoas are somewhat tolerant of drought and salt in soils though fruit production can be adversely affected Tolerant to partial shade regular watering is essential while the fruit is maturing Cultivation edit nbsp Young feijoa seedlingSome grafted cultivars of feijoa are self fertile Most are not and require a pollinator Seedlings may or may not be of usable quality and may or may not be self fertile Feijoas will mature into a sprawly shrub but can be kept successfully as a large container plant though accommodations will need to be made for the width of the plants and the need to encourage new growth for fruit production Feijoas are occasionally found as landscape plants in Texas Florida California and the maritime Pacific Northwest They can succeed in greenhouses in temperate parts of the United States and have been grown in ground as fruiting trees on the United States east coast in coastal Georgia and South Carolina as well as in California Other regions of the United States such as the southernmost Appalachian Mountains and the immediate coastal region from North Carolina to Delaware would warrant further investigation nbsp Feijoa orchard with fallen ripe fruit Dax Landes southwestern FranceThe fruit has been widely grown in New Zealand since the 1920s and it has become a popular garden tree 6 It is commonly available in season from March to June 14 15 In New Zealand the pollinators of this plant are bees bumblebees and medium sized birds The silvereye is a pollinator in the cooler parts of the South Island the blackbird and the Indian myna which feeds on the sweet fleshy flower petals are pollinators further north In some areas where the species has been introduced however the trees have been unproductive due to lack of pollinators The shrub has very few insect pests although guava moth is a problem in Northland New Zealand 16 In the South Caucasus feijoa has been cultivated in the southern coastal region of Azerbaijan since 1928 cultivation in neighboring Georgia has gradually increased to about 988 hectares 2 440 acres in 1986 17 Sale and shipping editRipe fruit is prone to bruising difficulty maintaining the fruit in good condition for any length of time along with the short period of optimum ripeness and full flavor probably explains why feijoas are not exported frequently and are typically sold close to where they are grown However intercontinental shipping of feijoa by sea or air has been successful 10 Because of the relatively short shelf life storekeepers need to be careful to replace older fruit regularly to ensure high quality In some countries they also may be purchased at roadside stalls often at a lower price Feijoas may be cool stored for approximately a month and still have a few days of shelf life at optimum eating maturity 10 They also may be frozen for up to one year without a loss in quality Consumption editNutrition edit Feijoa rawNutritional value per 100 g 3 5 oz Energy230 kJ 55 kcal Carbohydrates12 92 gSugars8 2 gDietary fiber6 4 gFat0 6 gProtein0 98 gVitaminsQuantity DV Thiamine B1 1 0 006 mgRiboflavin B2 1 0 018 mgNiacin B3 2 0 295 mgPantothenic acid B5 5 0 233 mgVitamin B64 0 067 mgFolate B9 6 23 mgVitamin C37 32 9 mgVitamin E1 0 16 mgVitamin K3 3 5 mgMineralsQuantity DV Calcium1 17 mgIron1 0 14 mgMagnesium2 9 mgManganese4 0 084 mgPhosphorus2 19 mgPotassium6 172 mgSodium0 3 mgZinc1 0 06 mgLink to USDA Database entry Percentages estimated using US recommendations for adults 18 except for potassium which is estimated based on expert recommendation from the National Academies 19 100 grams 3 5 oz of raw feijoa provides 55 calories and is 13 carbohydrates 8 sugars and 1 each of fat and protein The raw fruit is a rich source of vitamin C providing 40 of the Daily Value but supplies no other micronutrients in significant amount Food uses edit Although the skin is edible the fruit usually is eaten by cutting it in half then scooping out the pulp with a spoon The fruit has a juicy sweet seed pulp and slightly gritty flesh nearer the skin citation needed The flower petals are edible 10 The most common uses are eating raw desserts such as sorbet sweet pies crumbles or in salads They are regularly consumed by birds 20 21 22 nbsp The crisp spicy sweet tasting petals of feijoa flowers are edible nbsp Spread made of mashed raw feijoa nbsp A display of feijoas for sale in Auckland New ZealandVarieties editNumerous cultivars of feijoa have been developed These include citation needed Anatoki Apollo Bambina Barton Den s Choice Choiceana Coolidge Edenvale Improved Coolidge Edenvale Late Edenvale Supreme Gemini Kaiteri Kakariki a cultivar developed by Waimea Nurseries New Zealand large flavor filled fruit named for the Maori word for green Mammoth named for its relatively massive fruits Moore Nazemetz Opal Star Pineapple Gem Smilax mid sized spherical fruits with smooth texture Trask Triumph Unique NZ cultivar particularly tolerant of clay soils and self pollinating Vista Long noted for the long shape of its fruits developed in Vista CA Wiki TuReferences edit IUCN SSC Global Tree Specialist Group Botanic Gardens Conservation International BGCI Canteiro C 2019 Acca sellowiana IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2019 e T152946605A152946607 doi 10 2305 IUCN UK 2019 3 RLTS T152946605A152946607 en Retrieved 22 March 2023 a b Govaerts R 2020 Feijoa in Plants of the World Online Kew Lucas Eve J Holst Bruce Sobral Marcos Mazine Fiorella F Nic Lughadha Eimear M Barnes Proenca Carolyn E Ribeiro da Costa Itayguara Vasconcelos Thais N C September 2019 A New Subtribal Classification of Tribe Myrteae Myrtaceae Systematic Botany 44 3 American Society of Plant Taxonomists 560 569 doi 10 1600 036364419X15620113920608 ISSN 0363 6445 Retrieved 17 November 2022 Acca sellowiana keys landcareresearch co nz Retrieved 2023 02 14 Acca sellowiana Germplasm Resources Information Network Agricultural Research Service United States Department of Agriculture Retrieved 25 May 2013 a b Evans Kate Jul 2020 The People s Fruit New Zealand Geographic 164 Kowhai Media Retrieved 2 April 2021 Brazilian Portuguese preferred pronunciation http dictionary reference com browse feijoa feijoa The American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language Fourth Edition 2000 Spanish preferred pronunciation Sunset Western Garden Book 1995 606 607 Citrusy aroma how feijoas baffled a New Zealand immigrant and polarise a nation The Guardian 2021 04 02 Retrieved 2021 04 04 pronounced fey oa in its native South America and fee jo ah in New Zealand a b c d e f g Morton JF 1987 Feijoa In Fruits of Warm Climates Center for New Crops amp Plant Products Department of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture Purdue University West Lafayette IN pp 367 70 Feijoa plant species Britannica www britannica com Retrieved 2023 02 15 Shaw GJ Ellingham PJ amp Birch EJ 1983 Volatile constituents of feijoa headspace analysis of intact fruit J Sci Fd Agric 34 743 747 ApteryxGav 2020 03 20 Feijoas growing in UK public parks Zoos and Gardens Feijoas UK Retrieved 2023 02 15 Christian Harrison 15 May 2015 385g monster sets new feijoa record Hawkes Bay Today Archived from the original on 4 April 2016 Retrieved 21 March 2016 New Zealand Feijoa Growers Association New Zealand Feijoa Growers Association Archived from the original on 3 March 2016 Retrieved 21 March 2016 Wakelin RH et al 2009 Guava moth Coscinoptycha improbana mating disruption using asian peach moth Carposina sasakii pheromone dispensers PDF Plant and Food Research New Zealand Archived from the original PDF on 2015 01 14 Retrieved 28 April 2015 Bose T K Mitra S K Sanyal D eds 2001 Fruits tropical and subtropical Volume 2 Naya Udyog p 660 ISBN 978 81 85971 83 4 United States Food and Drug Administration 2024 Daily Value on the Nutrition and Supplement Facts Labels Retrieved 2024 03 28 National Academies of Sciences Engineering and Medicine Health and Medicine Division Food and Nutrition Board Committee to Review the Dietary Reference Intakes for Sodium and Potassium 2019 Oria Maria Harrison Meghan Stallings Virginia A eds Dietary Reference Intakes for Sodium and Potassium The National Academies Collection Reports funded by National Institutes of Health Washington DC National Academies Press US ISBN 978 0 309 48834 1 PMID 30844154 a href Template Cite book html title Template Cite book cite book a CS1 maint multiple names authors list link Feijoa California Rare Fruit Growers Inc 1996 Retrieved 1 February 2022 Pineapple guava Feijoa Feijoa sellowiana Bandon Oregon Garden Plant List 2012 Feijoa acca sellowiana Pineapple guava gardenofaedyn com Archived from the original on 2012 03 24 External links edit nbsp Wikimedia Commons has media related to Acca sellowiana Feijoa Plants for a Future Le feijoa a voir et a manger dans Jardins de France N 647 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Feijoa sellowiana amp oldid 1218181926, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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