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2013 Pakistani general election

May 01, 2024

General elections were held in Pakistan on Saturday 11 May 2013 to elect the members of the 14th National Assembly and the four Provincial Assemblies. The three major parties were the Pakistan Muslim League (N) (PML-N) led by Nawaz Sharif, the Pakistan People's Party (PPP) led by President Asif Ali Zardari and the Pakistan Tehreek-e-Insaf (PTI) led by Imran Khan. Prior to the elections, the ruling PPP formed an alliance with the Pakistan Muslim League (Q) and Awami National Party, while the main opposition party, the PML-N allied with the Pakistan Muslim League (F) and Baloch parties. The PTI led by cricketer-turned-politician Imran Khan, also emerged as a key-player.

2013 Pakistani general election
← 2008 11 May 2013 2018 →
All 342 seats in the National Assembly
172 seats needed for a majority
Turnout55.02%[1](10.68pp)
  First party Second party Third party
 
Leader Nawaz Sharif Asif Ali Zardari Imran Khan
Party PML(N) PPP PTI
Last election 89 seats 118 seats Boycotted
Seats won 166 42 35
Seat change 77 76 New
Popular vote 14,874,104 6,911,218 7,679,954
Percentage 32.77% 15.23% 16.92%
Swing 13.12pp[2] 15.47pp[2] New
Results by constituency
Results of the 2013 Pakistani General Election
  Pakistan Muslim League (N)
  Pakistan Peoples Party
  Pakistan Tehreek-e-Insaf
  Muttahida Qaumi Movement
  Jamiat Ulema-e-Islam
  Pakistan Muslim League (F)
  Pakhtun-khwa Milli Awami Party
  Jamaat-e-Islami
  National Peoples Party
  Pakistan Muslim League (Q)
  Qaumi Watan Party
  All Pakistan Muslim League
  National Party (Pakistan)
  Balochistan National Party
  Awami Jamhuri Ittehad Pakistan
  Awami Muslim League
  Pakistan Muslim League (Z)
  Awami National Party
  Independents
  Repoll ordered
  Postponed/terminated/withheld

The result was a hung parliament,[3] with the PML-N receiving the most votes and winning the most seats, but falling six seats short of a majority.[4] However, following the elections, 19 independent MPs joined the PML-N, allowing it to form a government alone with Nawaz Sharif as new Prime Minister.[5]

In the provincial elections, the PPP was able to defend its majority in Sindh. The PTI won the most seats in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, the first time it had gained control of a province. The PML-N emerged as the largest party in Punjab and Balochistan.[6][7][8][9]

The elections were the first civilian transfer of power following the successful completion of a five-year term by a democratically elected government.[10]

Background edit

Main article: Long March (Pakistan)

According to the constitution general elections are to be held at an interval of five years or whenever parliament is dissolved by the President.[11] Upon dissolution of the National Assembly (a lower house of the Parliament), the elections are to be held within a period of sixty days immediately under a caretaker set–up.[12] The previous elections were held in February 2008 and its term naturally expired in February 2013.

In mid-January 2013, Sufi cleric and politician Dr. Tahir-ul-Qadri led a Long March from Lahore to Islamabad, which is over 350 km, demanding the electoral reforms, the quick dissolution of the National Assembly and a precise date for the election. The march attracted about ~50,000 participants from across Pakistan and ended peacefully. However, this appeared to have little impact on the PPP government who continued on as per normal, and were seemingly following their plan as to when to announce elections. The anti-corruption activism led by Imran Khan gathered momentum and political interests.[13]

In the run up to the elections, a US Congressional report provided a brief overview of the PPP government between 2008 and 2013. The annual report included the input of 16 US intelligence agencies, including the CIA, which pointed the policies and performances of the PPP government during their five-year term. The report wanted that "Economically, trouble looms. Pakistan, with its small tax base, poor system of tax collection, and reliance on foreign aid, faces no real prospects for sustainable economic growth. The government has been unwilling to address economic problems that continue to constrain economic growth. The PPP government has made no real effort to persuade its disparate coalition members to accept much-needed monetary policy and tax reforms, because members are simply focused on retaining their seats in the upcoming elections."[14]

Process edit

Main article: Elections in Pakistan

With assistance from the International Foundation for Electoral Systems, the Election Commission of Pakistan (ECP)announced the printing of computerised electoral rolls, the first of its kind database which resulted in the elimination of 35 million bogus voters off the list.[15]

Schedule edit

  • 1 August 2012: The Election Commission of Pakistan announces 2013 general elections would be held on the basis of same old constituencies.[16]
  • December 2012: The Supreme Court of Pakistan orders delimitation of constituencies and door-to-door verification of voters with the help of Pakistan Army in Karachi.[citation needed]
  • 17 January 2013: The Election Commission of Pakistan (ECP) starts door-to-door verification of voters list.[17]
  • 3 February 2013: President Asif Ali Zardari stated he would announce the election date between 8 and 14 March 2013.[18]
  • 31 March 2013: Last date to submit the candidates' papers.

Caretaker government edit

Following the recommendations in Article 224 (Clauses 1A-1B) of the constitution of Pakistan, there arose a need to form a caretaker government to operate in the interim period between the normal dissolution of parliament, facilitating the election process, until a new government was formed after the election results were known.[19] To this effect, prime minister Pervez Ashraf wrote a letter to the opposition leader Nisar Ali Khan, requesting him to propose names of persons for appointment as the caretaker prime minister.

The Pakistan Muslim League (N) (PML-N), Jamaat-e-Islami Pakistan (JI), Pakistan Tehrik-i-Insaaf (PTI) and Jamiat Ulema-i-Islam (JUI-F) all agreed on the name of retired senior justice Nasir Aslam Zahid as the caretaker PM until the elections take place.[20] After a failure to achieve a consensus between the PPP government and the opposition, the matter was forwarded to a parliamentary committee of four members from both the government and the opposition.[21]

Under the provision of Article 224-A (Clause 3) of the constitution,[22] the Election Commission announced the appointment of retired Federal Shariat Court chief justice Mir Hazar Khan Khoso on 24 March 2013 in a press conference held by chief election commissioner Fakhruddin G Ebrahim.[23][24] Consequently, Khoso was sworn into office as the caretaker prime minister on 25 March 2013,[25] while his caretaker federal cabinet was sworn into office on 2 April 2013.[26]

Registered voters edit

Following is the final list of registered voters in each district of Pakistan who are eligible to cast their vote.[27]

  • The total number of registered voters for the election were 76,194,802.
  • The province of Punjab had the highest number of registered voters.
  • In cities, five districts of Karachi which form the city of Karachi had a total of 7,171,237 registered voters; more than total voters of the province of Balochistan and more than any other city or district in Pakistan.
  • In Balochistan, due to sparse population, some National Assembly seats were shared by two or three districts.

Campaign edit

Party leader Most recent position of party leader Seats won Popular
vote 		Status after election
 
Nawaz Sharif		 Prime Minister of Pakistan
(November 1990 to July 1993, February 1997 to October 1999) 		125 14,794,188 In Government
 
Asif Ali Zardari		 11th President of Pakistan
(2008–2013) 		31 6,822,958 In Opposition
 
Imran Khan		 Chairman of Pakistan Tehreek-e-Insaf
(1995–2023) 		27 7,563,504 In Opposition

With the announcement of the care-taker government, campaigning from parties—including the PPP, PML (N) and PTI—started as early as 27 March, six weeks ahead of the 11 May election date.[28] Observers noted that different parties stressed on different interest groups – PTI on the disaffected youth, PML-N on the centre-right constituency, PPP on liberal classes and rural Sindhis, and MQM on Karachi-based muhajirs. Power shortages were another issue in the election campaign.[29]

Pakistan Peoples Party edit

Main articles: New Left, Socialism in Pakistan, and Centre-left
 
The PPP is a socialist party, advocating for Social democracy and Marxist economics.

Founded in 1968, the Pakistan Peoples Party (PPP) is a centre-left and left oriented party, with a mainstream agenda of promoting socialist economics and social justice. The PPP announced that Zardari would be its candidate for the next Prime Minister, though Bilawal Zardari was still too young to become Prime Minister. Article 62 of the Constitution clearly states that the Prime Minister must be a person who is "not less than twenty-five years of age and is enrolled as a voter in any electoral roll for election to the seat".[30] On 5 May 2013, it was revealed that Zardari had left Pakistan for Dubai and would not be present at all on election day. He unexpectedly left the country and would not be addressing any party rallies or meetings. The PPP also announced that he would not return until after the elections are over.[31]

The PPP's campaign was led by Amin Fahim, accompanied by notable leftist activists such as Taj Haider, Aitzaz Ahsan, Raza Rabbani, and Yousaf Gillani.[32] The PPP ran two different political programmes during the election campaign: "Massawat" (lit. Egalitarianism) and "People's Employment Programme" for the youth voters, and also its vintage "Roti Kapda Aur Makaan (lit. Bread, Cloth, House) slogan.[33] The PPP highlighted its implementation of the nationalization and welfare programs that were launched in 2008.[33] In addition, the PPP greatly supported awareness of industrial and labor rights, importance of higher education in the country, promotion of social economics, a foreign policy of building relations with Russia and Eastern Europe, counterterrorism legislation, efforts to reduce gas shortages in the country.[34][35] Generally, the PPP's main focused was on gathering its support from Sindh.[2] In a critical editorial in the English-language newspaper, The Nation, the PPP neglected to highlight the prevailing issue of energy conservation to reduce the repeated cycle of loadshedding in the country.[35]

Soon after the PM's last address on 16 March 2013, TV carried live broadcasts from the streets of Lahore and Karachi, where the public mood was one of anger over corruption, the bad economy, and faulty public services. The reaction of political analysts was mixed, with many holding massive corruption and nepotism as the reasons for the government's perceived failures. Even in his televised address, while trumpeting the occasion, PM Raja P Ashraf quietly conceded that his government had also been a source of disappointment for many. Public resentment had been fed by an endless list of problems: enduring power shortages [up to 18 hours a day at the peak of summer]; the failure to curb terrorist attacks, protect religious minorities and formulate a coherent anti-terrorism strategy; slow and weak response to the floods; sluggish economic growth, a bloated public sector, cresting inflation; and tales of legendary corruption, carving out private fortunes from a treasury to which they scandalously paid little in tax. Many Pakistanis, particularly among the urban middle classes, were looking to the next elections with relief.[36]

In Karachi and other parts of the country, the PPP also maintained a New Left alliance with the ANP, MQM, and Communist Party against the conservative parties in Sindh.[37]

Pakistan Muslim League Noon edit

Main articles: New Right, Centre-right, and Conservatism in Pakistan

The Pakistan Muslim League, a centre-right conservative party, began its campaign on terminating the energy conservation crises, and also issues involving national security, economic development, higher education, immigration, and taxation reforms.[38] The campaign was led by Nawaz Sharif, who emphasis the success of the privatisation to alleviate youth employment and small businesses, introducing policies for the environmental preservation, building motorways, counterterrorism legislation, economic liberalisation, improvement of the public transportation in all over the country, and then the decision of authorising the nuclear-testing programme in 1998.[39] Over several days, Sharif delivered speeches and visited in all over the country for the support, promising that: "Just like the nuclear blasts, conducted in our last tenure, made us an atomic power, an economic explosion in our next term will turn the country into a commercial powerhouse."[40][41] Furthermore, the PML(N) indicated to bring a balance on civil-military relations with the military, through opening a source of political channel to resolve issues.[42]

The PML(N) ran a political programme which was termed as "Ilmi aur Maashi Dhamaka" (lit. Education and Economic boom) at the public circles, and gained a lot of public support from all over the Punjab, and the financial support from the business community in Karachi, which proved to be a crucial factor in PML(N)'s efforts to gain majority in the elections.[43] After delivering a victory speech in May 2013, Nawaz Sharif became Prime Minister for a third term on 5 June 2013 after receiving vote of confidence in the Parliament. He received 244 votes in the 342-seat parliament.[44] The PML(N) was generally supported by PML(F) against the PPP in Sindh and BNP in Balochistan, also against the PPP.[45] Terming it as "EEE programme" for Education, Energy, Economy, the PML(N) popularise its slogan "Stronger Economy–Strong Pakistan", which was released in 2012.[46]

Addressing to the national via news channels representatives, the PML(N) debated that aside from balancing the energy conservation, ending stagflation as well inflation, and resolving the issues relating to counter-terrorism and national security, its quick economic recovery programmes is also aimed to increase the expenditure on education, health, food security, and "non-pension" social security from the annual GDP by 2018, as part of the policy measurement programmes.[47]

Pakistan Tehreek-e-Insaf edit

Main article: Third Way

The Pakistan Tehreek-e-Insaf (PTI) is a centrist, welfarist, and nationalist political party a mainstream political programme of supporting the "Third Way" and "welfarism".[48]

In the midst of election campaign, the PTI's chairman, Imran Khan, called for an inter-party elections for the leadership of the PTI. Many renowned individuals were defeated in the intra-party elections, such as Arif Alvi who was replaced by Pervez Khattak as secretary-general and Ejaz Chaudhary who defeated Ahsan Rasheed. Imran informed the media that no-one from his party will be eligible to hold the post of the party chairman for more than two terms. Motives behind this inter-party elections were to will ultimately finish off the "dynasty-type, family limited companies politics" from the country, as Imran Khan maintained.[49]

The PTI rigorously campaigned on social awareness, social reforms, telecommunication, and the expansion of the e-government in all over the country.[13] Other main points of PTI's campaign was to end the role of country in the War on Terrorism and to regulate private schools' fees structure with the quality of education they provide.[13] The PTI targeted the left-wing policies of PPP and the corruption that took place in state-owned enterprises after underwent through the nationalisation programme, started in 2008 by the PPP.[13]

During a campaign rally in Lahore, Imran fell 14 ft as he was stepping off an improvised forklift. He was seen to be bleeding and unconscious with a gash on his head. He was then taken to Shaukat Khanum Memorial Hospital where Imran was treated for two fractures to his spinal column.[50] During the election process, the PTI was also leading a religio-political alliance, consisting of Jamaat-e-Islami and the Shia minority MWM.[45]

Pervez Musharraf edit

On 24 March 2013, former President Pervez Musharraf returned from self-imposed exile to lead the liberal APML and to run in the election despite threats from the far-right and extremist Tehrik-i-Taliban Pakistan (TTP) on his life,[51] similar to the return of Benazir Bhutto, who was assassinated shortly after returning.

On immediate basis, Musharraf's candidature was rejected from his home town of Karachi on the grounds that he violated the Constitution and that he had sacked senior judges during his presidency. Electoral returning officer Ikramur Rehman upheld the objections by his rivals. The liberal PML(Q) official, Afzal Agha, said "this is a biased decision." He was also rejected from the Kasur– a rural town in Punjab. However, he was later approved in the Chitral, also a rural town in Khyber–Pathtunkwa.[52] On 8 April 2013, the Supreme Court issued a summon to be appear over in the apex court to face charges of treason and barred him from leaving the country.[53]

On 16 April, an appeal for his approval from Chitral decided by a court in the provincial capital of Peshawar in which he was barred on the grounds that he violated the constitution by imposing emergency rule in 2007. His lawyer said that he would appeal to the Supreme Court.[54] He was also ordered to be kept under house arrest for two weeks. On 23 April, he appeared at a Rawalpindi court under tight security on charges relating to the assassination of Benazir Bhutto.[55] On 25 April, he was formally arrested for the same charge.[56] The Peshawar High Court then banned him for life from taking part in politics activities. Chief Justice Dost Mohammad Khan said: "The former dictator [Musharraf] had ordered senior judges and their families be put under house arrest and twice abrogated the country's constitution."[57] In reaction to the ban, a party spokeswoman for the All Pakistan Muslim League said that it would boycott the election.[58] He was granted US$20,000 bail on 20 May.[59]

Violence edit

Pre-election violence edit

The extremist terrorist organisation, the Tehrik-i-Taliban Pakistan (TTP), claimed the responsibility for two bombings at the offices of independent candidates on 28 April. In Kohat, the TTP bombed left-wing ANP's Nasir Khan Afridi's office which killed six and critically wounded others. In the suburbs of Peshawar, a device bomb at killed three people.[60] The next day, at least eight people, including the son of Afghani cleric Qazi Amin Waqad, were killed and 45 others were wounded in a suicide attack in Peshawar. The bomb had targeted Sahibzada Anees, a senior city administrator, who had just passed the area. Hilal was a part of the Afghan High Peace Council and was organising a meeting of Afghan and Pakistani religious scholars to oppose militancy. All political parties condemned the attack.[61] The same day, at a Karachi press conference the leaders of the left-wing parties– the PPP, MQM and ANP—said that the attacks would not stop them from participating in the election. ANP's Secretary-General, Bashir Jan, said that his party had previously made sacrifices in relations to the 2012 assassination of Bashir Bilour, the former party leader. His statement followed an explosion that wounded three children near the election office of Mohammad Ahmed Khan, the ANP candidate from Charsadda in Khyber-Pakhtunkhwa.[62] On 2 May, a bomb exploded outside the MQM headquarters in which seven people were injured.[63] On 4 May, at least three people were killed and 34 others were wounded when two bombs targeted the election office of the MQM in the Azeezabad area of Karachi.[64]

In a rally in Kurram Valley, at least 15 people were dead and over 50 injured at a JUI(F) rally for candidates Munir Orakzai and Ain-u-Dun Shakir. The rally was part of the faction led by Fazal-ur-Rehman. The latter was slightly wounded.[65] Armed skirmishes and tensions also flared near the Afghanistan–Pakistan border.[66] On 9 May, the son of former Prime Minister Yousef Raza Gilani, Ali Haider Gilani, was abducted following a gunfight at a rally in Multan that killed his personal secretary.[67]

Election day violence edit

Main article: 2013 Pakistan election day bombings

Scattered gun and bomb attacks marred an otherwise celebratory day in a nation mired in economic crisis and locked in a fight with a virulent native Taliban insurgency. By the time polls closed in the evening, at least 20 people had died in attacks, the most serious targeting a pro-US political party in the southern port city of Karachi. The violence, which included blasts outside a political office in Karachi that left 10 dead, capped a bloody election season.[68] More than 130 people have been killed in bombings and shootings over the campaign, prompting some to call this one of the deadliest votes in the country's history.

Several bombs were reportedly defused before voting began on Saturday morning, according to al-Jazeera. No one had so far taken the responsibility for the attacks, except for the initial two blasts in the coastal city of Karachi, claimed by TTP.[citation needed]

Opinion polls edit

Pakistan Tehreek-e-Insaf to play important role in next government.

— Najam Sethi, 2013

Various polls were conducted by different organisations, all of which show inconsistencies and different results.

In March 2013, a survey by Heinrich Böll Foundation showed that 29% of the people surveyed would support the Pakistan Peoples Party. As the highest nummain opposition party, 25% would support the Pakistan Muslim League (N), led by former Prime Minister Nawaz Sharif. Another 20% supported the Pakistan Tehreek-e-Insaf (PTI) led by former cricketer Imran Khan.[69]

According to a survey conducted by Gallup Pakistan and PILDAT the Pakistan Muslim League topped the list on voting intention score in Punjab, followed by the PPP and the PTI respectively. The February 2013 political forecast is based on a nationwide poll of approximately 9,660 voters in 300 villages and urban localities. The voting intention score of PML-N stands at 63% in North and Central Punjab, 69% in Western Punjab and 49% in Southern Punjab, shows the survey. According to the consolidated findings of two nationwide polls on voting intentions, conducted by IRI and Gallup Pakistan respectively during past three months, the front runner in Pakistan's elections scheduled in mid-2013 is the PML-N. The PTI, according to the survey, is making deep inroads in Khyber-Pakhtunkhwa where it has surpassed every other player by a 30% score.[70]

Pakistan Peoples Party to emerge victorious on basis of performance.

— Qamar Zaman Kaira, 2013

Senior political analyst, Najam Sethi said, Nawaz Sharif held public meetings and rallies in every nook and corner of the country while Shahbaz Sharif completed development projects in Punjab which attracted politicians from the other parties. Sethi said that the 3% raise in the popularity graph of the PPP was made possible due to Asif Ali Zardari's efforts who gathered many such politicians as used to oppose him. He said the popularity of both the parties increased due to the revival of the traditional politics and the same was the cause of decrease in popularity of unorthodox politicians like Imran Khan. However, Imran Khan's next public meetings would help him a lot, Sethi predicted, saying that the PTI leader's graph would go up after public rallies in Lahore and Peshawar and the party would play an important role in formation of the next government.[71]

Support based on generation gap edit

Main article: Generation gap

The survey's findings indicate that the PTI's support is derived from all age groups – 22.9 per cent of those between 18 and 35 years, 18.6 per cent of those between 36 and 50 years, 18.4 per cent of those between 51 and 70 years and 7.7 of those above 70 years support the PTI, dispelling the notion that its vote bank is rooted in the younger generation. The highest proportion of those aged between 36 and 50 years (32.5 per cent) indicate a preference for the PPP. Similarly, 46.2 per cent of those aged over 70 expressed a preference for the PML(N). Compared with respondents' voting histories, the PML(N)'s vote bank appears to have remained stagnant while the PPP's seems to have declined significantly. It appears that the PTI has a stronger urban base, while a higher proportion of rural respondents indicated that they would vote for either the PPP or the PML(N) in the upcoming elections.[72]

Voting trends by ethnicity edit

Predictably, the highest level of support for the ruling Pakistan Peoples Party was pledged by Sindhis, 55% of whom said they would vote for the PPP in the upcoming elections. This was followed by Seraiki-speakers at 46%. Around ~44% of Hindko-speakers said they intend to vote for the Pakistan Muslim League, closely followed by Punjabi people at 43%. The same proportion of Hindko-speakers – 44% – also expressed an intention to vote for the Pakistan Tehreek-e-Insaf, indicating a close contest between the two parties (PMLN and PTI) within that particular demographic. It is worth noting that while 34% of Pakhtuns stated that they would vote for Pakistan Tehreek-e-Insaf, only 11% expressed support for the Awami National Party (ANP). 47% of Balochis said that they would vote for the Balochistan National Party.[72] Similarly 90% Muhajirs of Hyderabad and urban areas of Karachi Largest metropolis in terms of area and population votes for Muttahida Qoumi Movement.

Support based on household income edit

On average, approximately a third of those earning up to 30,000 rupees each month indicated a preference for the Pakistan Peoples Party whereas, among those earning more than 30,000 rupees, support for the party dropped to 10.8 percent. This is in keeping with the party's traditional pro-poor image. No such trend could be determined for the Pakistan Muslim League, whose level of support remained similar across all income levels. Those earning in excess of 250,000 rupees each month (the highest identified income bracket in the survey) expressed the maximum intention to vote for either the Muttahida Qaumi Movement (MQM) or the Pakistan Tehreek-e-Insaf, at 33 per cent each. While this figure may appear anomalistic in the MQM's case – support for the party within the second highest income bracket (those earning between 100,000 and 250,000 rupees each month) was only four per cent – it was possible to identify a rough direct trend between level of income and support for the PTI. In general, it appeared that support for smaller parties declined with increasing levels of income.[72]

International monitor recommendations edit

The National Democratic Institution have stated the elections will be a "historical transition." An NDI assessment mission—consisting of Canada's former prime minister Joe Clark, former Indonesian House of Representatives member Nursanita Nasution, Chatham House senior fellow Xenia Dormandy and NDI Asia programmes director Peter Manikas—released its findings at a press briefing in Islamabad after its observation of Pakistan's political framework.

The mission visited Pakistan from 16 to 21 December and met with election authorities, government officials, party leaders, media and citizen monitoring groups. Joe Clark commended the co-operation of all parties, especially in adopting measures to bring the Federally Administered Tribal Areas under the political umbrella. Clark stated that the 18th Amendment to the constitution reflects the parliament's integrity and commitment towards a fair democratic handover. Nursanita Nasution highlighted the need to address the rights of women in the polling process so that "fear and intimidation in high-risk areas such as Baluchistan, FATA, Khyber-Pakhtunkhwa and Karachi" would not strip women of the opportunity to vote. Xenia Dormandy suggested "improving accessibility and adjusting locations" of women polling stations closer to those for men so that they could travel with the men in their families to vote. Sandra Houston, Regional Director of NDI, stated "We are impressed with the cooperation of all the stakeholders in assuring a smooth transition," sharing that voters have been registered with Computerised National Identity Cards and biometrics including photographs where possible.[73]

European Union edit

The European Union offered to send its observers to Pakistan's elections, in a bid to ensure a "peaceful, credible" vote that will be "acceptable" to all. "The EU looks forward to upcoming elections that are peaceful, credible, transparent, inclusive and acceptable to the Pakistani people," EU foreign ministers said released after talks. The 27-nation bloc "is ready to assist by deploying an election observation mission, as a tangible sign of our support for the democratic process," the statement added. The ministers also said they looked forward to re-energizing ties with the next government and hoped quick contacts could lead to a third EU-Pakistan summit.[74] Pakistan responded by saying it will welcome a European Union election observation mission during the forthcoming general elections."Yes, we will welcome the observation mission", foreign secretary Jalil Abbas Jilani said.[75]

A 110-member team from the European Union will observe Pakistan's elections. The European Union High Representative and Vice-President of the European Commission, Ms. Catherine Ashton, has decided to authorise a European Union Election Observation Mission (EOM) to observe the elections. A member of the European Parliament will lead the 2013 EU EOM as its Chief Observer. The EU EOM team will include observers, experts, election analysts, political analysts, legal analysts, human rights analysts, media analysts and others. On the basis of special agreements with the EU, observers from Norway, Switzerland and Canada are also part of the EOM. Some members will be deployed well in advance of election day, while others will be deployed at least ten days prior to the election day.

The observers will assess aspects of the election process, nomination of candidates, election campaign, counting, tabulation, announcement of official results and complaints' procedures, and will cover pre-election preparations, election-day itself and the post-electoral period. The observers will follow the political campaign and hold regular meetings with representatives of election management bodies, political parties, candidates and civil society groups.[76]

United States edit

The US Ambassador to Pakistan Richard Olsen stated that the United States applauds democratic tendencies in Pakistan, expressing hopes that free and fair general elections would lead to peaceful transfer of authority from one civilian government to successor dispensation. Completion of the current term by a democratically elected government will be a milestone in Pakistan's history.[77]

A US delegation consisting of Senator Carl Levin, US Ambassador to Pakistan Richard Olsen and Armed Services Committee Senator Jack Reed visited Pakistan on 8 January for talks with Prime Minister Raja Pervaiz Ashraf. The delegation stated that not only the US, but the world would observe the general election with great interest.[78]

The Centre for American Progress published a report called "Previewing Pakistan's 2013 Elections" whose author, Colin Cookman, writes that the United States should work with, and not attempt to control Pakistan's internal political processes. The report also warns that whoever wins the elections should try to resolve the problems the country faces or be prepared to face accountability. Cookman states that "only Pakistanis themselves are capable of establishing a more stable, democratic system capable of balancing diverse interest groups and effectively addressing the country's challenges."

It encourages the US to make efforts to support Pakistan's democratic evolution and the success of its upcoming elections. Such efforts should include a public commitment to neutrality and respect for the electoral processes, coupled with support for an international observation mission. It also urges US diplomatic and military officials to continue to engage with a broad array of Pakistani civilian leaders and military officials, while making it clear that the United States "does not favour any specific electoral outcome and strongly opposes any disruption of the constitutional process or intervention during the caretaker period."[79]

US officials have denied the general perception in Pakistan that the US government wants to influence the electoral process in Pakistan to bring in a friendly government. US Secretary of State John Kerry skipped a planned visit to Pakistan to avoid accusations of meddling in the 11 May elections. Spokesperson Victoria Nuland stated that the message the United States wants to send out during the election season is "we have no favourites among Pakistani politicians and we are looking forward to work with whoever is elected on May 11." Secretary Kerry's decision to skip Pakistan during his South Asia visit is an indication of Washington's eagerness to maintain neutrality during the elections.[80]

Results edit

Statistics and database collected and published by the Election Commission (EC), approximately ~86.9 million Pakistanis were registered to vote.[81] Overall, the Voter turnout was 55.02%,[82][83] the highest since 1970 and 1977.[84]

The Election Commission results were broadcast by news channels announcing that the PML(N) had emerged as the largest party, winning four times as many seats as its nearest competitor, the PPP.[85] Though, it fell short for a supermajority in the Parliament. The PML-N ranks were boosted into an overall majority by 19 independent winning candidates who switched allegiance to the PML-N.[86] The PPP emerged as the second largest party, with 45 seats, and the PTI, with 33 seats, emerged as third largest party.[85]

 
A supporter of PMLN in NA 49 Islamabad, in Model Town Hummak, on the roof of a car rising his party flag and announcing the triumph of his party in that area

National Assembly edit

See also: List of members of the 14th National Assembly of Pakistan

Following the elections, 19 independents joined PML(N).[87]

PartyVotes%Seats
GeneralWomenMinorityTotal+/–
Pakistan Muslim League (N)14,874,10432.77126346166+78
Pakistan Tehreek-e-Insaf7,679,95416.92286135New
Pakistan Peoples Party6,911,21815.23338142–74
Muttahida Qaumi Movement2,456,1535.41194124–1
Jamiat Ulema-e-Islam (F)1,461,3713.22113115New
Pakistan Muslim League (Q)1,409,9053.112002–52
Pakistan Muslim League (F)1,072,8462.365106+1
Jamaat-e-Islami963,9092.123104New
Awami National Party453,0571.002003–10
Mutahida Deeni Mahaz360,2970.790000New
Pashtunkhwa Milli Awami Party214,6310.473104New
National Peoples Party197,8290.442103+2
Pakistan Muslim League (Z)128,5100.281001New
Bahawalpur National Awami Party113,3650.250000New
Jamiat Ulama-e-Islam Nazryati103,0980.230000New
Awami Muslim League93,0460.201001New
Sindh United Party82,6340.1800000
Tehreek-e-Tahaffuz-e-Pakistan76,3580.170000New
Pakistan Muslim League (J)71,7730.160000New
Awami Jamhuri Ittehad Pakistan71,1750.161001New
Jamiat Ulema-e-Pakistan67,9660.150000New
Balochistan National Party63,9790.141001New
National Party61,1480.131001+1
All Pakistan Muslim League54,2310.121001New
Pakistan National Muslim League52,3980.120000New
Pakistan Peoples Party (Shaheed Bhutto)50,0460.1100000
Qaumi Watan Party46,5740.101001New
Tehreek-e-Suba Hazara43,2650.100000New
Majlis Wahdat-e-Muslimeen41,5200.090000New
Sunni Ittehad Council37,7320.080000New
Sunni Tehreek25,4850.0600000
Sindh Taraqi Passand Party23,3970.050000New
Qoumi Wattan Party19,2530.040000New
Awami Workers Party18,6500.040000New
Balochistan National Party (Awami)12,8660.030000–1
Hazara Democratic Party11,0520.0200000
Mohajir Qaumi Movement10,5750.020000New
Jamote Qaumi Movement10,4680.020000New
Saraiki Party5,2360.010000New
Kissan Ittehad4,3670.010000New
Falah Party4,2070.010000New
Awami Justice Party3,8030.010000New
Pakistan Justice Party3,2300.010000New
Islami Tehreek2,6940.010000New
Christian Progressive Movement2,5230.010000New
Mohib-e-Wattan Nowjawan Inqilabion Ki Anjuman2,5030.010000New
Mutahidda Qabil Party2,3990.010000New
Qaumi Tahaffaz Party2,2020.000000New
Mustaqbil Pakistan2,0520.000000New
Sairkistan Qaumi Ittehad1,8900.000000New
Seraiki Sooba Movement1,7970.000000New
Awami Workers Party1,6570.000000New
Jamhoori Wattan Party1,6320.0000000
Karwan-i-Millat1,4120.000000New
Jannat Pakistan Party1,2690.000000New
Tehreek Tabdili Nizam1,1640.000000New
Pakistan Muslim League (SB)1,0630.000000New
Pakistan Insani Haqook Party9890.000000New
Pakistan Patriotic Movement9480.000000New
Pakistan Muslim League (S)8900.000000New
Markazi Jamiat Mushaikh8330.000000New
Pakistan Conservative Party7940.000000New
Tehreek-e-Istehkaam6510.000000New
Islamic Republican Party6310.000000New
Pakistan Tehrek-e-Inqalab5930.0000000
Tehreek-e-Ittehad Ummat5830.000000New
Pak Justice Party5370.000000New
Pakistan Freedom Party5020.0000000
Roshan Pakistan Muhaibban Wattan Party4930.000000New
Pakistan Muslim League (H)4720.000000New
Mutahida Baloch Movement4710.000000New
Menecracy Action Party4470.000000New
Awami Himayat Tehreek3300.0000000
Islami Inqalab Party2740.000000New
Pakistan Human Rights Party2660.000000New
Jamiat Ulema-e-Islam (S)2580.0000000
Pakistan Gharib Party2560.0000000
Sindh Dost Ittehad Party2500.000000New
Istehkaam-e-Pakistan2400.000000New
Pak Wattan Party2200.000000New
Istiqlal Party2180.000000New
Hazara Awami Ittehad2140.000000New
Pakistan National Democratic Party1910.000000New
Communist Party of Pakistan1910.000000New
Ghareeb Awam Party1740.000000New
Pakistan Muslim League (M)1720.000000New
Pakistan Muslim League (C)1520.000000New
Afgan Qomi Movement1520.000000New
Pakistan Brohi Party1490.000000New
Pakistan Muhajir League1340.000000New
Pakistan Muhafiz Watan Party1260.000000New
Azad Pakistan Party1160.0000000
Pakistan Muslim League (Zehri)1010.000000New
Tehreek-e-Masawaat990.000000New
All Pakistan Bayrozgar Party890.000000New
Pakistan Aman Party710.0000000
Muttahida Majlis-e-Amal690.000000New
Pakistan Motherland Party680.000000New
Pakistan Muslim League (H)640.000000New
Pakistan Qaumi Party550.0000000
Pakistan Islami Justice Party540.000000New
Tehreek-e-Wafaq480.000000New
Salam Pakistan Party340.000000New
Aap Janab Sarkar Party300.000000New
Jamiat Ulma-e-Pakistan (Niazi)270.000000New
Pakistan Muhammadi Party240.000000New
Aalay Kalam Ullah Farman Rasool150.000000New
All Pakistan Youth Working Party140.000000New
Punjab National Party130.0000000
Pakistan Awami Quwat Party90.000000New
Pakistan Awami Inqalab70.000000New
Independents5,880,65812.96270027–3
Repoll ordered3––3–
Postponed/terminated/withheld5–16–
Total45,388,404100.0027260103420
Registered voters/turnout84,207,524–
Source: (elected seats), (minority seats), (women seats), (votes)

Provincial Assemblies edit

Reactions edit

Domestic edit

On the night of the elections, the youth supporter, partisans, and lobbyists gathered in Raiwand– a private residential place of president of the PML, Nawaz Sharif. Speaking to his supporters and media representatives, Nawaz Sharif who was standing with his daughter, Maryam Nawaz and wife Kulsoom Nawaz, said:

Through this vote and campaign, I have felt how much love Pakistan has for me. And I have twice as much love for you. Thank God that he has given us the chance to help you, to help Pakistan, to help the young people. We will fulfill all the promises that we have made. Pray that we can make a government on our own, without compromises or have to lean on anyone else. Because if we have to ask for seats, we cannot make a strong government. We forgive anyone who has abused us along the way and we have not cursed anyone. We want to get Pakistan out of trouble. We have a program to change the State of Pakistan. We must make a decision to change this country. To all other parties, I say come and sit at the table.

— Nawaz Sharif, on 11 May 2013, source[88]

The Chief Election Commissioner Fakhruddin G. Ebrahim expressed gratitude to the voters for the record high turnout of 60%.[89] Secretary of the Election Commission Ishtiaq Ahmed Khan said that the elections were free, fair and transparent and the claims of irregularities will be answered on a case-by-case basis.[90]

Even before the result was announced, the PTI conceded defeat.[91] PTI leader Imran Khan congratulated Nawaz Sharif[92] but also demanded recounting in numerous constituencies.[93]

MQM leader Altaf Hussain spoke to PML (N). He also called then the 'Punjabis representative party.' He went on to say that the "Muslim League (N) has emerged victorious in the elections and Nawaz Sharif is a representative leader of the Punjabis." His statements were condemned by some in the Pakistani media and from supporters of the PML (N).[94]

Military analyst and security expert Talat Masood said: "This is an ideal and a graceful victory for Sharif. He will form a strong government at the center, which is badly needed to tackle some enormous economic and security challenges."[95]

President Asif Ali Zardari blamed the poor performance of PPP on a domestic and international conspiracy, as well as domestic terrorism by the Taliban preventing the party from campaigning.[96]

Economic edit

Main articles: Karachi Stock Exchange, Lahore Stock Exchange, and Islamabad Stock Exchange

The country's stocks rose to record and the economic indicators performed well in advance of the unofficially determined results in an expectation of PML(N)'s win.[97]

Upon news of the results, the KSE 100 at the Karachi Stock Exchange crossed the 20,000 mark for the first time on 13 May 2013.[98] The victory by PML(N) in the general election lifted the stock market to an all-time high on 11–13 May, in a sign that investors, which include Goldman Sachs and Mark Mobius of Templeton, were seen as the top foreign investors at the Karachi Stock Exchange on the prospect of further market gains through a stable government.[99]

On the day of the elections, the benchmark KSE 100 Index gained 1.8%, the most since 12 March, ~20,272.28 Marks, taking its rally this year to 20.0%.[100] The MCB Ltd. gained ~4.9% to ₨. 261.60 million, poised for the highest close since May 2008.[100] The Pakistan State Oil (PSO) jumped 5.0% to ₨. 221.86 million; the ABL Assets also increased its profit variation to ~$203.0 million.[100]

International edit

Supranational bodies
  •   European Union – High Representative for Foreign Affairs and Security Policy Catherine Ashton called the election an "historic victory" for democracy in the country. "I wish to congratulate the people of Pakistan. The 2013 general election marks a historic victory for the democratic life on their country. Despite an extremely difficult security environment and threats from extremists, voters turned out in unprecedented numbers with many Pakistani citizens voting for the first time. All the main stakeholders, in particular the political parties and state institutions, acted in a responsible manner, demonstrating their support for democracy and the holding of the elections."[101]
  •   United Nations – Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon congratulated the government and people of Pakistan on the successful conduction of national and provincial elections, hailing the polls, for which millions of voters turned out, as a major democratic step. "This is the first ever transition from one civilian government to another and a significant step forward for democracy in the country. By exercising their constitutional right to vote, the people of Pakistan have reaffirmed their desire for and commitment to a democratic Pakistan and their respect for the constitution of the country."[102]
States
  •   Afghanistan – President Hamid Karzai telephoned PML (N) leader Nawaz Sharif and congratulated him on his party triumph in the general elections. The Afghan President also expressed well wishes for Nawaz Sharif and his party.[103] Karzai said that he was optimistic that ties between two brotherly countries would be friendly after Nawaz take charge of Premier office. Nawaz vowed that Pakistan would take every step to improve its relationship with all neighbours especially with Afghanistan.
  •   China – President Xi Jinping and the Ministry of Foreign Affairs congratulated Nawaz Sharif. Spokesman Hong Lei said the Chinese government were happy to see steady and smooth elections in Pakistan. "As China's all-weather friend, China will continue to support Pakistan's efforts to maintain stability and achieve development. Sino-Pakistani friendly and cooperative relations will enter into a new high with the efforts by the two sides."[76]
  •   India – Prime Minister Manmohan Singh congratulated Nawaz Sharif on his "emphatic victory" in the historic elections and said he hoped for better relations. Singh wrote on his official Twitter account: "Congratulations to Mr. Nawaz Sharif and his party for their emphatic victory in Pakistan's elections". He said he hoped to work with Sharif to chart "a new course for the relationship" between the nuclear-armed neighbours and invited him to "visit India at a mutually convenient time."[104]
Jammu and Kashmir Chief Minister Omar Abdullah congratulated Nawaz Sharif for his party's performance and hoped that he would live up to his commitment to restart the peace process with India.[105]
The opposition BJP congratulated Mr. Nawaz Sharif on his historic electoral victory[106]
  •   Saudi Arabia – The royal family greeted Nawaz Sharif on his thumping victory in the elections. Sources said that Saudi personalities congratulating Nawaz Sharif have expressed their well wishes for him.[107]
  •   Sri Lanka – President Mahinda Rajapaksa telephoned Nawaz Sharif and congratulated him on his victory in historic election.[108]
  •   Iran – Foreign Ministry spokesman Abbas Araghchi congratulated Pakistan for successful elections and for Sharif's ability to win the people's trust. Araqchi further pointed to the close relations between Iran and Pakistan and hoped for further expansion of bilateral relations between the two neighbouring countries.[109]
  •   Turkey – Both President Abdullah Gul and Prime Minister Recep Tayyip Erdogan made separate phone calls to Nawaz Sharif and felicitated him on his victory.[110]
  •   United Arab Emirates – Sheikh Khalifa congratulated Nawaz Sharif on his victory in the elections.[111]
  •   United Kingdom – Prime Minister David Cameron congratulated Nawaz Sharif on his resounding election victory and praised his commitment to economic reforms. Cameron spoke to Sharif on the telephone and they agreed to work to reinforce the "strong bond" between their two countries. They also pledged their commitment to the trilateral process, the three-way talks between Britain, Pakistan and Afghanistan aimed at finding peace in Afghanistan, where Britain is starting to reduce its 9,000-strong troop presence. The Prime Minister and Nawaz Sharif agreed that the strong bond between the UK and Pakistan was a huge asset and that they would work together to strengthen the relationship further. Cameron welcomed Nawaz Sharif's commitment to prioritise economic reforms. The two leaders also agreed on their shared commitment to the trilateral process and its importance in achieving peace in Afghanistan and the wider region.[112]
  •   United States – President Barack Obama praised Pakistanis for upholding their commitment to democratic rule by successfully completing the elections. Obama hailed "this historic peaceful and transparent transfer of civilian power." He said Pakistanis ran competitive campaigns and persevered despite "intimidation by violent extremists."[113] Three days later, Obama called Sharif over the phone and again congratulated him on his party's election victory. "The US president said his country respects the mandate given to Nawaz Sharif in the elections." US Secretary of State John Kerry called Sharif on the phone to congratulate him on his strong showing in Saturday's elections. Kerry also told Sharif that he looks forward to working with the government as the government is formed in Pakistan. Kerry is hoping to visit Pakistan soon, once the new government is in place.[114]

Controversies edit

Incidents of malpractice and rigging edit

  • The winning candidate on PS-114, in Sindh of the ruling PML-N was disqualified and re-election ordered after it emerged that a large number of votes were invalid[115]
  • The winning candidate on PP-97 Gujranwala, from the ruling PML-N, was disqualified and fresh elections were ordered after it emerged that serious rigging had taken place on the seat[116]
  • The Chief Election Commissioner conceded that the Election Commission had failed to conduct free and fair elections in Karachi, Pakistan's largest city of 20 million and its main economic hub.[117]
  • The Chief election Commissioner resigned, citing extreme judicial interference preventing the investigation of voter irregularities.[118][119]
  • The Election Commission admitted that it had no control of the Returning officers, the persons responsible for overseeing the election at individual polling stations.[120]
  • The PTI demanded the thumb verification be held in four constituencies – to check if the votes were genuine or bogus. The PMLN refused, ostensibly due to cost, despite the fact that the PTI offered to pay[121]
  • A candidate for PTI paid ₨.5 million to have his votes verified. The election commission then confirmed that 265 bags of votes were bogus and only 69 were genuine.[122] The PTI candidate was defeated by the PML-N candidate.
  • A candidate of JUI-F was disqualified after it was learned that there had been rigging on 28 different women's polling stations.[123]
  • A PTI candidate disqualified PS-93 seat in Karachi to JI and re-election was ordered.

[124]

  • In the National Assembly Constituency NA-125 the National Database and Registration Authority NADRA found that more than 20% of all votes cast were not verifiable[125]
  • In the National Assembly Constituency NA-118 the National Database and Registration Authority NADRA found that more than 33% of the votes cast could not be verified. More than 4000 votes were cast with incorrect/incomplete CNIC numbers.[126] This constituency had been won by Malik Riaz.
  • In the National Assembly Constituency NA-154 the National Database and Registration Authority NADRA found that more than 20,000 votes were not verifiable. The seat was won by an independent candidate, Muhammad Siddique Khan Baloch, who later joined the Pakistan Muslim League-N.[127]
  • In the Provincial Assembly Constituency PP-107 (Hafizabad-III) the election tribunal found evidence of "massive" and "organized" rigging.The extracts of the report, focusing on PP-107, Hafizabad-III, stated that "the result of the election favourable to the returned candidate is not the will of the electors of the constituency in the true sense at all". Tribunal judge Kazim Ali Malik states, "The election does not reflect the true will of the people."

"I am fully justified on the basis of documentary evidence to set aside the election of the returned candidate, which does not reflect the true will of the people," Malik states in the report. "I therefore discard the available record as well as the election record, which has been misappropriated or stolen. I declare the election of the returned candidates from PP-107, Hafizabad-III as a whole to be void." In PP-107, Hafizabad-III, 21,298 fake and bogus votes were counted as valid votes towards the vote account of the candidates. The number of used counterfoils found in election bags by the commission was 54,242, while the total number of polled votes in a statement by the Returning Officer (RO) was recorded as 72,895.[128]

  • In the Provincial Assembly Constituency PP-97 (Gujranwala-VII) the election tribunal declared null and void the voting results in PP-97 and ordered re-election on 33 polling stations in the Punjab Assembly constituency won by ruling Pakistan Muslim League-Nawaz's candidate.[129]

Incidents of improper investigations edit

  • The PML-N has been accused of hindering the bureaucracy's ability to carry out Free and fair elections, Tariq Malik, the chairman of NADRA was fired by Nawaz Sharif after he announced that NADRA had the technology to verify votes through thumbprint verification. The Islamabad High Court had him restored to his position,[130] after which Tariq Malik resigned alleging that he had been threatened with kidnapping of him and his family by those who did not want the election process verified.[131]
  • After Tariq Malik's sacking. It emerged that someone had broken into NADRA's office and tampered with the ballot boxes of seat NA-118 (Lahore) which was at the centre of the rigging allegations. The boxes had been moved to NADRA so that the votes could be thumb verified, as demanded by the PTI, but had instead been tampered with. This has led to accusations by the opposition that the civil service is either under extreme pressure or incompetent in adjudicating disputes but no proof was given[130]

Incidents of incompetence edit

  • The election commission confirmed that there was a "typing error" on NA-68. PM Nawaz Sharif's winning seat, it emerged that the PM had received only 779 votes rather than 7879 as originally recorded. This has led to accusations of incompetence which has compromised the fairness of the elections[132][133]
  • They announced this a whole year after the PTI, led by Imran Khan demanded an investigation, which has led to accusations of critical inefficiency at the ECP.

Analysis edit

Aftermath edit

On 17 May 2013, the Vice-President of the PTI, Zahra Hussain, was shot and killed in Karachi just before re-election was due to be held.[134] Three days later, it was announced that the PTI had taken the Karachi seat in re-polling.[134] Imran Khan alleged that Altaf Hussain, a leader of MQM, was responsible for inciting violence and was responsible for the murder.[134] Few days later, British Police raided Altaf Hussain's house in London.

Government formation edit

Further information: Third Nawaz Sharif government

The PML(N)'s key strategist, Sartaj Aziz, announced in news media the next day that the independents candidates were in negotiation process with the PML(N) to join the party to form the government and to work out "a few key portfolios."[135]

A total of nineteenth independents who had won from their respected constituencies joined the PML(N), which allowed the party to form a government with a simple majority. This swing ultimately led to Nawaz Sharif elevated as the Prime Minister. Soon after his appointment, Sharif said after being formally approved as Prime Minister that in regards to drone strikes: "We respect the sovereignty of others and they should also respect our sovereignty and independence. This campaign should come to an end." Despite this, two days later another drone strike killed seven people in Pakistan.[136]

Election for Prime Minister edit

The election for Prime Minister took place on 5 June 2013.[137]

←2012 5 June 2013 2017→
Candidate Party Votes Obtained
Required majority → 172 out of 342
Nawaz Sharif Pakistan Muslim League (N) 244  Y
Ameen Faheem Pakistan Peoples Party 42  N
Javed Hashmi Pakistan Tehreek-e-Insaf 31  N
Abstentions <25

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External links edit

  • Pakistan: Putting Democracy to the Test 21 September 2020 at the Wayback Machine, Al Jazeera episode of Inside Story

May 01, 2024
2013, pakistani, general, election, general, elections, were, held, pakistan, saturday, 2013, elect, members, 14th, national, assembly, four, provincial, assemblies, three, major, parties, were, pakistan, muslim, league, nawaz, sharif, pakistan, people, party,. General elections were held in Pakistan on Saturday 11 May 2013 to elect the members of the 14th National Assembly and the four Provincial Assemblies The three major parties were the Pakistan Muslim League N PML N led by Nawaz Sharif the Pakistan People s Party PPP led by President Asif Ali Zardari and the Pakistan Tehreek e Insaf PTI led by Imran Khan Prior to the elections the ruling PPP formed an alliance with the Pakistan Muslim League Q and Awami National Party while the main opposition party the PML N allied with the Pakistan Muslim League F and Baloch parties The PTI led by cricketer turned politician Imran Khan also emerged as a key player 2013 Pakistani general election 2008 11 May 2013 2018 All 342 seats in the National Assembly172 seats needed for a majorityTurnout55 02 1 10 68pp First party Second party Third party Leader Nawaz Sharif Asif Ali Zardari Imran Khan Party PML N PPP PTI Last election 89 seats 118 seats Boycotted Seats won 166 42 35 Seat change 77 76 New Popular vote 14 874 104 6 911 218 7 679 954 Percentage 32 77 15 23 16 92 Swing 13 12pp 2 15 47pp 2 NewResults by constituencyPrime Minister before election Raja Pervez Ashraf PPP Subsequent Prime Minister Nawaz Sharif PML N Results of the 2013 Pakistani General Election Pakistan Muslim League N Pakistan Peoples Party Pakistan Tehreek e Insaf Muttahida Qaumi Movement Jamiat Ulema e Islam Pakistan Muslim League F Pakhtun khwa Milli Awami Party Jamaat e Islami National Peoples Party Pakistan Muslim League Q Qaumi Watan Party All Pakistan Muslim League National Party Pakistan Balochistan National Party Awami Jamhuri Ittehad Pakistan Awami Muslim League Pakistan Muslim League Z Awami National Party Independents Repoll ordered Postponed terminated withheld The result was a hung parliament 3 with the PML N receiving the most votes and winning the most seats but falling six seats short of a majority 4 However following the elections 19 independent MPs joined the PML N allowing it to form a government alone with Nawaz Sharif as new Prime Minister 5 In the provincial elections the PPP was able to defend its majority in Sindh The PTI won the most seats in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa the first time it had gained control of a province The PML N emerged as the largest party in Punjab and Balochistan 6 7 8 9 The elections were the first civilian transfer of power following the successful completion of a five year term by a democratically elected government 10 Contents 1 Background 1 1 Process 1 2 Schedule 1 3 Caretaker government 2 Registered voters 3 Campaign 3 1 Pakistan Peoples Party 3 2 Pakistan Muslim League Noon 3 3 Pakistan Tehreek e Insaf 3 4 Pervez Musharraf 4 Violence 4 1 Pre election violence 4 2 Election day violence 5 Opinion polls 5 1 Support based on generation gap 5 2 Voting trends by ethnicity 5 3 Support based on household income 6 International monitor recommendations 6 1 European Union 6 2 United States 7 Results 7 1 National Assembly 7 2 Provincial Assemblies 8 Reactions 8 1 Domestic 8 2 Economic 8 3 International 9 Controversies 9 1 Incidents of malpractice and rigging 9 2 Incidents of improper investigations 9 3 Incidents of incompetence 10 Analysis 10 1 Aftermath 10 2 Government formation 10 2 1 Election for Prime Minister 11 References 12 External linksBackground editMain article Long March Pakistan According to the constitution general elections are to be held at an interval of five years or whenever parliament is dissolved by the President 11 Upon dissolution of the National Assembly a lower house of the Parliament the elections are to be held within a period of sixty days immediately under a caretaker set up 12 The previous elections were held in February 2008 and its term naturally expired in February 2013 In mid January 2013 Sufi cleric and politician Dr Tahir ul Qadri led a Long March from Lahore to Islamabad which is over 350 km demanding the electoral reforms the quick dissolution of the National Assembly and a precise date for the election The march attracted about 50 000 participants from across Pakistan and ended peacefully However this appeared to have little impact on the PPP government who continued on as per normal and were seemingly following their plan as to when to announce elections The anti corruption activism led by Imran Khan gathered momentum and political interests 13 In the run up to the elections a US Congressional report provided a brief overview of the PPP government between 2008 and 2013 The annual report included the input of 16 US intelligence agencies including the CIA which pointed the policies and performances of the PPP government during their five year term The report wanted that Economically trouble looms Pakistan with its small tax base poor system of tax collection and reliance on foreign aid faces no real prospects for sustainable economic growth The government has been unwilling to address economic problems that continue to constrain economic growth The PPP government has made no real effort to persuade its disparate coalition members to accept much needed monetary policy and tax reforms because members are simply focused on retaining their seats in the upcoming elections 14 Process edit Main article Elections in Pakistan With assistance from the International Foundation for Electoral Systems the Election Commission of Pakistan ECP announced the printing of computerised electoral rolls the first of its kind database which resulted in the elimination of 35 million bogus voters off the list 15 Schedule edit 1 August 2012 The Election Commission of Pakistan announces 2013 general elections would be held on the basis of same old constituencies 16 December 2012 The Supreme Court of Pakistan orders delimitation of constituencies and door to door verification of voters with the help of Pakistan Army in Karachi citation needed 17 January 2013 The Election Commission of Pakistan ECP starts door to door verification of voters list 17 3 February 2013 President Asif Ali Zardari stated he would announce the election date between 8 and 14 March 2013 18 31 March 2013 Last date to submit the candidates papers Caretaker government edit Following the recommendations in Article 224 Clauses 1A 1B of the constitution of Pakistan there arose a need to form a caretaker government to operate in the interim period between the normal dissolution of parliament facilitating the election process until a new government was formed after the election results were known 19 To this effect prime minister Pervez Ashraf wrote a letter to the opposition leader Nisar Ali Khan requesting him to propose names of persons for appointment as the caretaker prime minister The Pakistan Muslim League N PML N Jamaat e Islami Pakistan JI Pakistan Tehrik i Insaaf PTI and Jamiat Ulema i Islam JUI F all agreed on the name of retired senior justice Nasir Aslam Zahid as the caretaker PM until the elections take place 20 After a failure to achieve a consensus between the PPP government and the opposition the matter was forwarded to a parliamentary committee of four members from both the government and the opposition 21 Under the provision of Article 224 A Clause 3 of the constitution 22 the Election Commission announced the appointment of retired Federal Shariat Court chief justice Mir Hazar Khan Khoso on 24 March 2013 in a press conference held by chief election commissioner Fakhruddin G Ebrahim 23 24 Consequently Khoso was sworn into office as the caretaker prime minister on 25 March 2013 25 while his caretaker federal cabinet was sworn into office on 2 April 2013 26 Registered voters editFollowing is the final list of registered voters in each district of Pakistan who are eligible to cast their vote 27 The total number of registered voters for the election were 76 194 802 The province of Punjab had the highest number of registered voters In cities five districts of Karachi which form the city of Karachi had a total of 7 171 237 registered voters more than total voters of the province of Balochistan and more than any other city or district in Pakistan In Balochistan due to sparse population some National Assembly seats were shared by two or three districts Province District No of Voters Seat No Balochistan Awaran 56 387 NA 270 Balochistan Barkhan 55 327 NA 263 Balochistan Chagai 66 836 NA 260 Balochistan Dera Bugti 63 953 NA 265 Balochistan Gwadar 93 650 NA 272 Balochistan Harnai 33 140 NA 265 Balochistan Jaffarabad 247 316 NA 266 Balochistan Jhal Magsi 44 533 NA 267 Balochistan Kachhi Bolan 103 108 NA 267 Balochistan Kalat 104 445 NA 268 Balochistan Kech 173 972 NA 272 Balochistan Kharan 45 176 NA 271 Balochistan Khuzdar 165 593 NA 269 Balochistan Killa Abdullah 184 832 NA 262 Balochistan Killa Saifullah 88 424 NA 264 Balochistan Kohlu 38 624 NA 265 Balochistan Lasbela 182 697 NA 270 Balochistan Loralai 107 028 NA 263 Balochistan Mastung 80 118 NA 268 Balochistan Musakhel 51 864 NA 263 Balochistan Nasirabad 162 349 NA 266 Balochistan Nushki 61 878 NA 260 Balochistan Panjgur 74 751 NA 271 Balochistan Pishin 196 859 NA 261 Balochistan Quetta 559 939 NA 259 Balochistan Sherani 31 837 NA 264 Balochistan Sibi 75 832 NA 265 Balochistan Washuk 38 171 NA 271 Balochistan Zhob 96 278 NA 264 Balochistan Ziarat 51 742 NA 261 BALOCHISTAN TOTAL 3 336 659 NA 259 to NA 272 FATA Bajaur Agency 353 554 NA 43 NA 44 FATA F R Bannu 9 482 NA 47 FATA F R D I Khan 22 269 NA 47 FATA F R Kohat 41 070 NA 47 FATA F R Lakki Marwat 9 939 NA 47 FATA F R Peshawar 23 371 NA 47 FATA F R Tank 15 581 NA 47 FATA Khyber Agency 336 763 NA 45 NA 46 FATA Kurram Agency 262 021 NA 37 NA 38 FATA Mohmand Agency 177 244 NA 36 FATA North Waziristan Agency 160 666 NA 40 FATA Orakzai Agency 125 687 NA 39 FATA South Waziristan Agency 200 666 NA 41 NA 42 FATA TOTAL 1 738 313 NA 36 to NA 47 Federal Area Islamabad 625 964 NA 48 NA 49 Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Abbottabad 675 188 NA 17 NA 18 Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Bannu 444 059 NA 26 Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Batagram 204 980 NA 22 Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Buner 360 019 NA 28 Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Charsadda 704 680 NA 7 NA 8 Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Chitral 206 909 NA 32 Khyber Pakhtunkhwa D I Khan 606 959 NA 24 Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Hangu 214 703 NA 16 Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Haripur 531 866 NA 19 Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Karak 315 087 NA 15 Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Kohat 409 372 NA 14 Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Kohistan 127 015 NA 23 Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Lakki Marwat 330 274 NA 27 Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Lower Dir 541 565 NA 34 Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Malakand 311 172 NA 35 Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Mansehra 742 674 NA 20 Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Mardan 987 122 NA 9 NA 10 NA 11 Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Nowshera 619 914 NA 5 NA 6 Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Peshawar 1 393 144 NA 1 NA 2 NA 3 NA 4 Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Shangla 296 722 NA 31 Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Swabi 714 454 NA 12 NA 13 Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Swat 981 823 NA 29 NA 30 Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Tank 150 585 NA 25 Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Tor Ghar 64 867 NA 21 Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Upper Dir 331 004 NA 33 KHYBER PAKHTUNKHWA TOTAL 12 266 157 NA 1 to NA 35 Punjab Attock 1 022 180 NA 57 NA 58 NA 59 Punjab Bahawalnagar 1 264 077 NA 188 NA 189 NA 190 NA 191 Punjab Bahawalpur 1 522 061 NA 183 NA 184 NA 185 NA 186 NA 187 Punjab Bhakkar 711 837 NA 73 NA 74 Punjab Chakwal 929 747 NA 60 NA 61 Punjab Chiniot 602 290 NA 86 NA 87 NA 88 Punjab Dera Ghazi Khan 1 052 720 NA 171 NA 172 NA 173 Punjab Faisalabad 3 622 748 NA 75 NA 76 NA 77 NA 78 NA 79 NA 80 NA 81 NA 82 NA 83 NA 84 NA 85 Punjab Gujranwala 2 273 141 NA 95 NA 96 NA 97 NA 98 NA 99 NA 100 NA 101 Punjab Gujrat 1 581 402 NA 104 NA 105 NA 106 NA 107 Punjab Hafizabad 543 646 NA 102 NA 103 Punjab Jhang 1 145 415 NA 89 NA 90 NA 91 Punjab Jhelum 783 571 NA 62 NA 63 Punjab Kasur 1 463 575 NA 138 NA 139 NA 140 NA 141 NA 142 Punjab Khanewal 1 301 926 NA 156 NA 157 NA 158 NA 159 Punjab Khushab 680 471 NA 69 NA 70 Punjab Lahore 4 410 095 NA 118 NA 119 NA 120 NA 121 NA 122 NA 123 NA 124 NA 125 NA 126 NA 127 NA 128 NA 129 NA 130 Punjab Layyah 736 509 NA 181 NA 182 Punjab Lodhran 727 177 NA 154 NA 155 Punjab Mandi Bahauddin 815 154 NA 108 NA 109 Punjab Mianwali 757 191 NA 71 NA 72 Punjab Multan 2 110 177 NA 148 NA 149 NA 150 NA 151 NA 152 NA 153 Punjab Muzaffargarh 1 681 436 NA 176 NA 177 NA 178 NA 179 NA 180 Punjab Nankana Sahib 623 625 NA 135 NA 136 NA 137 Punjab Narowal 792 379 NA 115 NA 116 NA 117 Punjab Okara 1 396 811 NA 143 NA 144 NA 145 NA 146 NA 147 Punjab Pakpattan 823 478 NA 164 NA 165 NA 166 Punjab Rahim Yar Khan 1 904 615 NA 192 NA 193 NA 194 NA 195 NA 196 NA 197 Punjab Rajanpur 724 286 NA 174 NA 175 Punjab Rawalpindi 2 645 608 NA 50 NA 51 NA 52 NA 53 NA 54 NA 55 NA 56 Punjab Sahiwal 1 190 424 NA 160 NA 161 NA 162 NA 163 Punjab Sargodha 1 861 804 NA 64 NA 65 NA 66 NA 67 NA 68 Punjab Sheikhupura 1 341 341 NA 131 NA 132 NA 133 NA 134 Punjab Sialkot 1 841 347 NA 110 NA 111 NA 112 NA 113 NA 114 Punjab Toba Tek Singh 1 089 508 NA 92 NA 93 NA 94 Punjab Vehari 1 285 562 NA 167 NA 168 NA 169 NA 170 PUNJAB TOTAL 49 259 334 NA 50 to NA 197 Sindh Badin 639 314 NA 224 NA 225 Sindh Dadu 609 609 NA 231 NA 232 NA 233 Sindh Ghotki 568 065 NA 200 NA 201 Sindh Hyderabad 923 140 NA 218 NA 219 NA 220 NA 221 Sindh Jacobabad 394 557 NA 208 NA 209 NA 210 Sindh Jamshoro 369 424 NA 231 Sindh Kambar Shahdadkot 508 062 NA 206 Sindh Karachi Central 1 632 487 NA 244 NA 245 NA 246 NA 247 Sindh Karachi East 2 093 898 NA 253 NA 254 NA 255 NA 256 Sindh Karachi South 1 131 376 NA 248 NA 249 NA 250 NA 251 NA 252 Sindh Karachi West 1 493 055 NA 239 NA 240 NA 241 NA 242 NA 243 Sindh Karachi Malir 820 421 NA 257 NA 258 Sindh Kashmore 353 616 NA 210 Sindh Khairpur 838 502 NA 215 NA 216 NA 217 Sindh Larkana 585 519 NA 204 NA 205 NA 207 Sindh Matiari 300 486 NA 223 Sindh Mirpur Khas 585 262 NA 226 NA 227 Sindh Naushahro Feroze 600 090 NA 211 NA 212 Sindh Sanghar 793 397 NA 234 NA 235 NA 236 Sindh Shaheed Benazirabad 668 193 NA 213 NA 214 Sindh Shikarpur 488 878 NA 202 NA 203 Sindh Sukkur 527 635 NA 198 NA 199 Sindh Tando Allahyar 286 956 NA 223 Sindh Tando Muhammad Khan 230 554 NA 222 Sindh Tharparkar 471 831 NA 229 NA 230 Sindh Thatta 663 543 NA 237 NA 238 Sindh Umerkot 385 505 NA 228 SINDH TOTAL 18 963 375 NA 198 to NA 258 PAKISTAN TOTAL 0Campaign editParty leader Most recent position of party leader Seats won Popularvote Status after election nbsp Nawaz Sharif Prime Minister of Pakistan November 1990 to July 1993 February 1997 to October 1999 125 14 794 188 In Government nbsp Asif Ali Zardari 11th President of Pakistan 2008 2013 31 6 822 958 In Opposition nbsp Imran Khan Chairman of Pakistan Tehreek e Insaf 1995 2023 27 7 563 504 In Opposition With the announcement of the care taker government campaigning from parties including the PPP PML N and PTI started as early as 27 March six weeks ahead of the 11 May election date 28 Observers noted that different parties stressed on different interest groups PTI on the disaffected youth PML N on the centre right constituency PPP on liberal classes and rural Sindhis and MQM on Karachi based muhajirs Power shortages were another issue in the election campaign 29 Pakistan Peoples Party edit Main articles New Left Socialism in Pakistan and Centre left nbsp The PPP is a socialist party advocating for Social democracy and Marxist economics Founded in 1968 the Pakistan Peoples Party PPP is a centre left and left oriented party with a mainstream agenda of promoting socialist economics and social justice The PPP announced that Zardari would be its candidate for the next Prime Minister though Bilawal Zardari was still too young to become Prime Minister Article 62 of the Constitution clearly states that the Prime Minister must be a person who is not less than twenty five years of age and is enrolled as a voter in any electoral roll for election to the seat 30 On 5 May 2013 it was revealed that Zardari had left Pakistan for Dubai and would not be present at all on election day He unexpectedly left the country and would not be addressing any party rallies or meetings The PPP also announced that he would not return until after the elections are over 31 The PPP s campaign was led by Amin Fahim accompanied by notable leftist activists such as Taj Haider Aitzaz Ahsan Raza Rabbani and Yousaf Gillani 32 The PPP ran two different political programmes during the election campaign Massawat lit Egalitarianism and People s Employment Programme for the youth voters and also its vintage Roti Kapda Aur Makaan lit Bread Cloth House slogan 33 The PPP highlighted its implementation of the nationalization and welfare programs that were launched in 2008 33 In addition the PPP greatly supported awareness of industrial and labor rights importance of higher education in the country promotion of social economics a foreign policy of building relations with Russia and Eastern Europe counterterrorism legislation efforts to reduce gas shortages in the country 34 35 Generally the PPP s main focused was on gathering its support from Sindh 2 In a critical editorial in the English language newspaper The Nation the PPP neglected to highlight the prevailing issue of energy conservation to reduce the repeated cycle of loadshedding in the country 35 Soon after the PM s last address on 16 March 2013 TV carried live broadcasts from the streets of Lahore and Karachi where the public mood was one of anger over corruption the bad economy and faulty public services The reaction of political analysts was mixed with many holding massive corruption and nepotism as the reasons for the government s perceived failures Even in his televised address while trumpeting the occasion PM Raja P Ashraf quietly conceded that his government had also been a source of disappointment for many Public resentment had been fed by an endless list of problems enduring power shortages up to 18 hours a day at the peak of summer the failure to curb terrorist attacks protect religious minorities and formulate a coherent anti terrorism strategy slow and weak response to the floods sluggish economic growth a bloated public sector cresting inflation and tales of legendary corruption carving out private fortunes from a treasury to which they scandalously paid little in tax Many Pakistanis particularly among the urban middle classes were looking to the next elections with relief 36 In Karachi and other parts of the country the PPP also maintained a New Left alliance with the ANP MQM and Communist Party against the conservative parties in Sindh 37 Pakistan Muslim League Noon edit Main articles New Right Centre right and Conservatism in Pakistan The Pakistan Muslim League a centre right conservative party began its campaign on terminating the energy conservation crises and also issues involving national security economic development higher education immigration and taxation reforms 38 The campaign was led by Nawaz Sharif who emphasis the success of the privatisation to alleviate youth employment and small businesses introducing policies for the environmental preservation building motorways counterterrorism legislation economic liberalisation improvement of the public transportation in all over the country and then the decision of authorising the nuclear testing programme in 1998 39 Over several days Sharif delivered speeches and visited in all over the country for the support promising that Just like the nuclear blasts conducted in our last tenure made us an atomic power an economic explosion in our next term will turn the country into a commercial powerhouse 40 41 Furthermore the PML N indicated to bring a balance on civil military relations with the military through opening a source of political channel to resolve issues 42 The PML N ran a political programme which was termed as Ilmi aur Maashi Dhamaka lit Education and Economic boom at the public circles and gained a lot of public support from all over the Punjab and the financial support from the business community in Karachi which proved to be a crucial factor in PML N s efforts to gain majority in the elections 43 After delivering a victory speech in May 2013 Nawaz Sharif became Prime Minister for a third term on 5 June 2013 after receiving vote of confidence in the Parliament He received 244 votes in the 342 seat parliament 44 The PML N was generally supported by PML F against the PPP in Sindh and BNP in Balochistan also against the PPP 45 Terming it as EEE programme for Education Energy Economy the PML N popularise its slogan Stronger Economy Strong Pakistan which was released in 2012 46 Addressing to the national via news channels representatives the PML N debated that aside from balancing the energy conservation ending stagflation as well inflation and resolving the issues relating to counter terrorism and national security its quick economic recovery programmes is also aimed to increase the expenditure on education health food security and non pension social security from the annual GDP by 2018 as part of the policy measurement programmes 47 Pakistan Tehreek e Insaf edit Main article Third Way The Pakistan Tehreek e Insaf PTI is a centrist welfarist and nationalist political party a mainstream political programme of supporting the Third Way and welfarism 48 In the midst of election campaign the PTI s chairman Imran Khan called for an inter party elections for the leadership of the PTI Many renowned individuals were defeated in the intra party elections such as Arif Alvi who was replaced by Pervez Khattak as secretary general and Ejaz Chaudhary who defeated Ahsan Rasheed Imran informed the media that no one from his party will be eligible to hold the post of the party chairman for more than two terms Motives behind this inter party elections were to will ultimately finish off the dynasty type family limited companies politics from the country as Imran Khan maintained 49 The PTI rigorously campaigned on social awareness social reforms telecommunication and the expansion of the e government in all over the country 13 Other main points of PTI s campaign was to end the role of country in the War on Terrorism and to regulate private schools fees structure with the quality of education they provide 13 The PTI targeted the left wing policies of PPP and the corruption that took place in state owned enterprises after underwent through the nationalisation programme started in 2008 by the PPP 13 During a campaign rally in Lahore Imran fell 14 ft as he was stepping off an improvised forklift He was seen to be bleeding and unconscious with a gash on his head He was then taken to Shaukat Khanum Memorial Hospital where Imran was treated for two fractures to his spinal column 50 During the election process the PTI was also leading a religio political alliance consisting of Jamaat e Islami and the Shia minority MWM 45 Pervez Musharraf edit On 24 March 2013 former President Pervez Musharraf returned from self imposed exile to lead the liberal APML and to run in the election despite threats from the far right and extremist Tehrik i Taliban Pakistan TTP on his life 51 similar to the return of Benazir Bhutto who was assassinated shortly after returning On immediate basis Musharraf s candidature was rejected from his home town of Karachi on the grounds that he violated the Constitution and that he had sacked senior judges during his presidency Electoral returning officer Ikramur Rehman upheld the objections by his rivals The liberal PML Q official Afzal Agha said this is a biased decision He was also rejected from the Kasur a rural town in Punjab However he was later approved in the Chitral also a rural town in Khyber Pathtunkwa 52 On 8 April 2013 the Supreme Court issued a summon to be appear over in the apex court to face charges of treason and barred him from leaving the country 53 On 16 April an appeal for his approval from Chitral decided by a court in the provincial capital of Peshawar in which he was barred on the grounds that he violated the constitution by imposing emergency rule in 2007 His lawyer said that he would appeal to the Supreme Court 54 He was also ordered to be kept under house arrest for two weeks On 23 April he appeared at a Rawalpindi court under tight security on charges relating to the assassination of Benazir Bhutto 55 On 25 April he was formally arrested for the same charge 56 The Peshawar High Court then banned him for life from taking part in politics activities Chief Justice Dost Mohammad Khan said The former dictator Musharraf had ordered senior judges and their families be put under house arrest and twice abrogated the country s constitution 57 In reaction to the ban a party spokeswoman for the All Pakistan Muslim League said that it would boycott the election 58 He was granted US 20 000 bail on 20 May 59 Violence editPre election violence edit The extremist terrorist organisation the Tehrik i Taliban Pakistan TTP claimed the responsibility for two bombings at the offices of independent candidates on 28 April In Kohat the TTP bombed left wing ANP s Nasir Khan Afridi s office which killed six and critically wounded others In the suburbs of Peshawar a device bomb at killed three people 60 The next day at least eight people including the son of Afghani cleric Qazi Amin Waqad were killed and 45 others were wounded in a suicide attack in Peshawar The bomb had targeted Sahibzada Anees a senior city administrator who had just passed the area Hilal was a part of the Afghan High Peace Council and was organising a meeting of Afghan and Pakistani religious scholars to oppose militancy All political parties condemned the attack 61 The same day at a Karachi press conference the leaders of the left wing parties the PPP MQM and ANP said that the attacks would not stop them from participating in the election ANP s Secretary General Bashir Jan said that his party had previously made sacrifices in relations to the 2012 assassination of Bashir Bilour the former party leader His statement followed an explosion that wounded three children near the election office of Mohammad Ahmed Khan the ANP candidate from Charsadda in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa 62 On 2 May a bomb exploded outside the MQM headquarters in which seven people were injured 63 On 4 May at least three people were killed and 34 others were wounded when two bombs targeted the election office of the MQM in the Azeezabad area of Karachi 64 In a rally in Kurram Valley at least 15 people were dead and over 50 injured at a JUI F rally for candidates Munir Orakzai and Ain u Dun Shakir The rally was part of the faction led by Fazal ur Rehman The latter was slightly wounded 65 Armed skirmishes and tensions also flared near the Afghanistan Pakistan border 66 On 9 May the son of former Prime Minister Yousef Raza Gilani Ali Haider Gilani was abducted following a gunfight at a rally in Multan that killed his personal secretary 67 Election day violence edit Main article 2013 Pakistan election day bombings Scattered gun and bomb attacks marred an otherwise celebratory day in a nation mired in economic crisis and locked in a fight with a virulent native Taliban insurgency By the time polls closed in the evening at least 20 people had died in attacks the most serious targeting a pro US political party in the southern port city of Karachi The violence which included blasts outside a political office in Karachi that left 10 dead capped a bloody election season 68 More than 130 people have been killed in bombings and shootings over the campaign prompting some to call this one of the deadliest votes in the country s history Several bombs were reportedly defused before voting began on Saturday morning according to al Jazeera No one had so far taken the responsibility for the attacks except for the initial two blasts in the coastal city of Karachi claimed by TTP citation needed Opinion polls editPakistan Tehreek e Insaf to play important role in next government Najam Sethi 2013 Various polls were conducted by different organisations all of which show inconsistencies and different results In March 2013 a survey by Heinrich Boll Foundation showed that 29 of the people surveyed would support the Pakistan Peoples Party As the highest nummain opposition party 25 would support the Pakistan Muslim League N led by former Prime Minister Nawaz Sharif Another 20 supported the Pakistan Tehreek e Insaf PTI led by former cricketer Imran Khan 69 According to a survey conducted by Gallup Pakistan and PILDAT the Pakistan Muslim League topped the list on voting intention score in Punjab followed by the PPP and the PTI respectively The February 2013 political forecast is based on a nationwide poll of approximately 9 660 voters in 300 villages and urban localities The voting intention score of PML N stands at 63 in North and Central Punjab 69 in Western Punjab and 49 in Southern Punjab shows the survey According to the consolidated findings of two nationwide polls on voting intentions conducted by IRI and Gallup Pakistan respectively during past three months the front runner in Pakistan s elections scheduled in mid 2013 is the PML N The PTI according to the survey is making deep inroads in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa where it has surpassed every other player by a 30 score 70 Pakistan Peoples Party to emerge victorious on basis of performance Qamar Zaman Kaira 2013 Senior political analyst Najam Sethi said Nawaz Sharif held public meetings and rallies in every nook and corner of the country while Shahbaz Sharif completed development projects in Punjab which attracted politicians from the other parties Sethi said that the 3 raise in the popularity graph of the PPP was made possible due to Asif Ali Zardari s efforts who gathered many such politicians as used to oppose him He said the popularity of both the parties increased due to the revival of the traditional politics and the same was the cause of decrease in popularity of unorthodox politicians like Imran Khan However Imran Khan s next public meetings would help him a lot Sethi predicted saying that the PTI leader s graph would go up after public rallies in Lahore and Peshawar and the party would play an important role in formation of the next government 71 Support based on generation gap edit Main article Generation gap The survey s findings indicate that the PTI s support is derived from all age groups 22 9 per cent of those between 18 and 35 years 18 6 per cent of those between 36 and 50 years 18 4 per cent of those between 51 and 70 years and 7 7 of those above 70 years support the PTI dispelling the notion that its vote bank is rooted in the younger generation The highest proportion of those aged between 36 and 50 years 32 5 per cent indicate a preference for the PPP Similarly 46 2 per cent of those aged over 70 expressed a preference for the PML N Compared with respondents voting histories the PML N s vote bank appears to have remained stagnant while the PPP s seems to have declined significantly It appears that the PTI has a stronger urban base while a higher proportion of rural respondents indicated that they would vote for either the PPP or the PML N in the upcoming elections 72 Voting trends by ethnicity edit Predictably the highest level of support for the ruling Pakistan Peoples Party was pledged by Sindhis 55 of whom said they would vote for the PPP in the upcoming elections This was followed by Seraiki speakers at 46 Around 44 of Hindko speakers said they intend to vote for the Pakistan Muslim League closely followed by Punjabi people at 43 The same proportion of Hindko speakers 44 also expressed an intention to vote for the Pakistan Tehreek e Insaf indicating a close contest between the two parties PMLN and PTI within that particular demographic It is worth noting that while 34 of Pakhtuns stated that they would vote for Pakistan Tehreek e Insaf only 11 expressed support for the Awami National Party ANP 47 of Balochis said that they would vote for the Balochistan National Party 72 Similarly 90 Muhajirs of Hyderabad and urban areas of Karachi Largest metropolis in terms of area and population votes for Muttahida Qoumi Movement Support based on household income edit On average approximately a third of those earning up to 30 000 rupees each month indicated a preference for the Pakistan Peoples Party whereas among those earning more than 30 000 rupees support for the party dropped to 10 8 percent This is in keeping with the party s traditional pro poor image No such trend could be determined for the Pakistan Muslim League whose level of support remained similar across all income levels Those earning in excess of 250 000 rupees each month the highest identified income bracket in the survey expressed the maximum intention to vote for either the Muttahida Qaumi Movement MQM or the Pakistan Tehreek e Insaf at 33 per cent each While this figure may appear anomalistic in the MQM s case support for the party within the second highest income bracket those earning between 100 000 and 250 000 rupees each month was only four per cent it was possible to identify a rough direct trend between level of income and support for the PTI In general it appeared that support for smaller parties declined with increasing levels of income 72 International monitor recommendations editThe National Democratic Institution have stated the elections will be a historical transition An NDI assessment mission consisting of Canada s former prime minister Joe Clark former Indonesian House of Representatives member Nursanita Nasution Chatham House senior fellow Xenia Dormandy and NDI Asia programmes director Peter Manikas released its findings at a press briefing in Islamabad after its observation of Pakistan s political framework The mission visited Pakistan from 16 to 21 December and met with election authorities government officials party leaders media and citizen monitoring groups Joe Clark commended the co operation of all parties especially in adopting measures to bring the Federally Administered Tribal Areas under the political umbrella Clark stated that the 18th Amendment to the constitution reflects the parliament s integrity and commitment towards a fair democratic handover Nursanita Nasution highlighted the need to address the rights of women in the polling process so that fear and intimidation in high risk areas such as Baluchistan FATA Khyber Pakhtunkhwa and Karachi would not strip women of the opportunity to vote Xenia Dormandy suggested improving accessibility and adjusting locations of women polling stations closer to those for men so that they could travel with the men in their families to vote Sandra Houston Regional Director of NDI stated We are impressed with the cooperation of all the stakeholders in assuring a smooth transition sharing that voters have been registered with Computerised National Identity Cards and biometrics including photographs where possible 73 European Union edit The European Union offered to send its observers to Pakistan s elections in a bid to ensure a peaceful credible vote that will be acceptable to all The EU looks forward to upcoming elections that are peaceful credible transparent inclusive and acceptable to the Pakistani people EU foreign ministers said released after talks The 27 nation bloc is ready to assist by deploying an election observation mission as a tangible sign of our support for the democratic process the statement added The ministers also said they looked forward to re energizing ties with the next government and hoped quick contacts could lead to a third EU Pakistan summit 74 Pakistan responded by saying it will welcome a European Union election observation mission during the forthcoming general elections Yes we will welcome the observation mission foreign secretary Jalil Abbas Jilani said 75 A 110 member team from the European Union will observe Pakistan s elections The European Union High Representative and Vice President of the European Commission Ms Catherine Ashton has decided to authorise a European Union Election Observation Mission EOM to observe the elections A member of the European Parliament will lead the 2013 EU EOM as its Chief Observer The EU EOM team will include observers experts election analysts political analysts legal analysts human rights analysts media analysts and others On the basis of special agreements with the EU observers from Norway Switzerland and Canada are also part of the EOM Some members will be deployed well in advance of election day while others will be deployed at least ten days prior to the election day The observers will assess aspects of the election process nomination of candidates election campaign counting tabulation announcement of official results and complaints procedures and will cover pre election preparations election day itself and the post electoral period The observers will follow the political campaign and hold regular meetings with representatives of election management bodies political parties candidates and civil society groups 76 United States edit The US Ambassador to Pakistan Richard Olsen stated that the United States applauds democratic tendencies in Pakistan expressing hopes that free and fair general elections would lead to peaceful transfer of authority from one civilian government to successor dispensation Completion of the current term by a democratically elected government will be a milestone in Pakistan s history 77 A US delegation consisting of Senator Carl Levin US Ambassador to Pakistan Richard Olsen and Armed Services Committee Senator Jack Reed visited Pakistan on 8 January for talks with Prime Minister Raja Pervaiz Ashraf The delegation stated that not only the US but the world would observe the general election with great interest 78 The Centre for American Progress published a report called Previewing Pakistan s 2013 Elections whose author Colin Cookman writes that the United States should work with and not attempt to control Pakistan s internal political processes The report also warns that whoever wins the elections should try to resolve the problems the country faces or be prepared to face accountability Cookman states that only Pakistanis themselves are capable of establishing a more stable democratic system capable of balancing diverse interest groups and effectively addressing the country s challenges It encourages the US to make efforts to support Pakistan s democratic evolution and the success of its upcoming elections Such efforts should include a public commitment to neutrality and respect for the electoral processes coupled with support for an international observation mission It also urges US diplomatic and military officials to continue to engage with a broad array of Pakistani civilian leaders and military officials while making it clear that the United States does not favour any specific electoral outcome and strongly opposes any disruption of the constitutional process or intervention during the caretaker period 79 US officials have denied the general perception in Pakistan that the US government wants to influence the electoral process in Pakistan to bring in a friendly government US Secretary of State John Kerry skipped a planned visit to Pakistan to avoid accusations of meddling in the 11 May elections Spokesperson Victoria Nuland stated that the message the United States wants to send out during the election season is we have no favourites among Pakistani politicians and we are looking forward to work with whoever is elected on May 11 Secretary Kerry s decision to skip Pakistan during his South Asia visit is an indication of Washington s eagerness to maintain neutrality during the elections 80 Results editStatistics and database collected and published by the Election Commission EC approximately 86 9 million Pakistanis were registered to vote 81 Overall the Voter turnout was 55 02 82 83 the highest since 1970 and 1977 84 The Election Commission results were broadcast by news channels announcing that the PML N had emerged as the largest party winning four times as many seats as its nearest competitor the PPP 85 Though it fell short for a supermajority in the Parliament The PML N ranks were boosted into an overall majority by 19 independent winning candidates who switched allegiance to the PML N 86 The PPP emerged as the second largest party with 45 seats and the PTI with 33 seats emerged as third largest party 85 nbsp A supporter of PMLN in NA 49 Islamabad in Model Town Hummak on the roof of a car rising his party flag and announcing the triumph of his party in that area National Assembly edit See also List of members of the 14th National Assembly of Pakistan Following the elections 19 independents joined PML N 87 PartyVotes SeatsGeneralWomenMinorityTotal Pakistan Muslim League N 14 874 10432 77126346166 78Pakistan Tehreek e Insaf7 679 95416 92286135NewPakistan Peoples Party6 911 21815 23338142 74Muttahida Qaumi Movement2 456 1535 41194124 1Jamiat Ulema e Islam F 1 461 3713 22113115NewPakistan Muslim League Q 1 409 9053 112002 52Pakistan Muslim League F 1 072 8462 365106 1Jamaat e Islami963 9092 123104NewAwami National Party453 0571 002003 10Mutahida Deeni Mahaz360 2970 790000NewPashtunkhwa Milli Awami Party214 6310 473104NewNational Peoples Party197 8290 442103 2Pakistan Muslim League Z 128 5100 281001NewBahawalpur National Awami Party113 3650 250000NewJamiat Ulama e Islam Nazryati103 0980 230000NewAwami Muslim League93 0460 201001NewSindh United Party82 6340 1800000Tehreek e Tahaffuz e Pakistan76 3580 170000NewPakistan Muslim League J 71 7730 160000NewAwami Jamhuri Ittehad Pakistan71 1750 161001NewJamiat Ulema e Pakistan67 9660 150000NewBalochistan National Party63 9790 141001NewNational Party61 1480 131001 1All Pakistan Muslim League54 2310 121001NewPakistan National Muslim League52 3980 120000NewPakistan Peoples Party Shaheed Bhutto 50 0460 1100000Qaumi Watan Party46 5740 101001NewTehreek e Suba Hazara43 2650 100000NewMajlis Wahdat e Muslimeen41 5200 090000NewSunni Ittehad Council37 7320 080000NewSunni Tehreek25 4850 0600000Sindh Taraqi Passand Party23 3970 050000NewQoumi Wattan Party19 2530 040000NewAwami Workers Party18 6500 040000NewBalochistan National Party Awami 12 8660 030000 1Hazara Democratic Party11 0520 0200000Mohajir Qaumi Movement10 5750 020000NewJamote Qaumi Movement10 4680 020000NewSaraiki Party5 2360 010000NewKissan Ittehad4 3670 010000NewFalah Party4 2070 010000NewAwami Justice Party3 8030 010000NewPakistan Justice Party3 2300 010000NewIslami Tehreek2 6940 010000NewChristian Progressive Movement2 5230 010000NewMohib e Wattan Nowjawan Inqilabion Ki Anjuman2 5030 010000NewMutahidda Qabil Party2 3990 010000NewQaumi Tahaffaz Party2 2020 000000NewMustaqbil Pakistan2 0520 000000NewSairkistan Qaumi Ittehad1 8900 000000NewSeraiki Sooba Movement1 7970 000000NewAwami Workers Party1 6570 000000NewJamhoori Wattan Party1 6320 0000000Karwan i Millat1 4120 000000NewJannat Pakistan Party1 2690 000000NewTehreek Tabdili Nizam1 1640 000000NewPakistan Muslim League SB 1 0630 000000NewPakistan Insani Haqook Party9890 000000NewPakistan Patriotic Movement9480 000000NewPakistan Muslim League S 8900 000000NewMarkazi Jamiat Mushaikh8330 000000NewPakistan Conservative Party7940 000000NewTehreek e Istehkaam6510 000000NewIslamic Republican Party6310 000000NewPakistan Tehrek e Inqalab5930 0000000Tehreek e Ittehad Ummat5830 000000NewPak Justice Party5370 000000NewPakistan Freedom Party5020 0000000Roshan Pakistan Muhaibban Wattan Party4930 000000NewPakistan Muslim League H 4720 000000NewMutahida Baloch Movement4710 000000NewMenecracy Action Party4470 000000NewAwami Himayat Tehreek3300 0000000Islami Inqalab Party2740 000000NewPakistan Human Rights Party2660 000000NewJamiat Ulema e Islam S 2580 0000000Pakistan Gharib Party2560 0000000Sindh Dost Ittehad Party2500 000000NewIstehkaam e Pakistan2400 000000NewPak Wattan Party2200 000000NewIstiqlal Party2180 000000NewHazara Awami Ittehad2140 000000NewPakistan National Democratic Party1910 000000NewCommunist Party of Pakistan1910 000000NewGhareeb Awam Party1740 000000NewPakistan Muslim League M 1720 000000NewPakistan Muslim League C 1520 000000NewAfgan Qomi Movement1520 000000NewPakistan Brohi Party1490 000000NewPakistan Muhajir League1340 000000NewPakistan Muhafiz Watan Party1260 000000NewAzad Pakistan Party1160 0000000Pakistan Muslim League Zehri 1010 000000NewTehreek e Masawaat990 000000NewAll Pakistan Bayrozgar Party890 000000NewPakistan Aman Party710 0000000Muttahida Majlis e Amal690 000000NewPakistan Motherland Party680 000000NewPakistan Muslim League H 640 000000NewPakistan Qaumi Party550 0000000Pakistan Islami Justice Party540 000000NewTehreek e Wafaq480 000000NewSalam Pakistan Party340 000000NewAap Janab Sarkar Party300 000000NewJamiat Ulma e Pakistan Niazi 270 000000NewPakistan Muhammadi Party240 000000NewAalay Kalam Ullah Farman Rasool150 000000NewAll Pakistan Youth Working Party140 000000NewPunjab National Party130 0000000Pakistan Awami Quwat Party90 000000NewPakistan Awami Inqalab70 000000NewIndependents5 880 65812 96270027 3Repoll ordered3 3 Postponed terminated withheld5 16 Total45 388 404100 0027260103420Registered voters turnout84 207 524 Source ECP elected seats ECP minority seats ECP women seats ECP votes Provincial Assemblies edit PartySeatsPunjabSindhBalochistanKPPakistan Muslim League N 2144812Pakistan Tehreek e Insaf242139Pakistan Peoples Party69403Muttahida Qaumi Movement03400Jamiat Ulema e Islam00013Pakistan Muslim League F 0600Jamaat e Islami1107Pashtunkhwa Milli Awami Party00100National Peoples Party0200Pakistan Muslim League Q 7020National Party Pakistan 0060Awami National Party0015Balochistan National Party0020All Pakistan Muslim League0001Pakistan Muslim League Z 2000Awami Muslim League0000Qaumi Watan Party0007Awami Jamhuri Ittehad Pakistan0003Bahawalpur National Awami Party1000Jamote Qaumi Movement0020Majlis Wahdat e Muslimeen0010Pakistan National Muslim League1000Independents396714Results awaited8060Elections postponed2110Total2971305199Source ECPReactions editDomestic edit On the night of the elections the youth supporter partisans and lobbyists gathered in Raiwand a private residential place of president of the PML Nawaz Sharif Speaking to his supporters and media representatives Nawaz Sharif who was standing with his daughter Maryam Nawaz and wife Kulsoom Nawaz said Through this vote and campaign I have felt how much love Pakistan has for me And I have twice as much love for you Thank God that he has given us the chance to help you to help Pakistan to help the young people We will fulfill all the promises that we have made Pray that we can make a government on our own without compromises or have to lean on anyone else Because if we have to ask for seats we cannot make a strong government We forgive anyone who has abused us along the way and we have not cursed anyone We want to get Pakistan out of trouble We have a program to change the State of Pakistan We must make a decision to change this country To all other parties I say come and sit at the table Nawaz Sharif on 11 May 2013 source 88 The Chief Election Commissioner Fakhruddin G Ebrahim expressed gratitude to the voters for the record high turnout of 60 89 Secretary of the Election Commission Ishtiaq Ahmed Khan said that the elections were free fair and transparent and the claims of irregularities will be answered on a case by case basis 90 Even before the result was announced the PTI conceded defeat 91 PTI leader Imran Khan congratulated Nawaz Sharif 92 but also demanded recounting in numerous constituencies 93 MQM leader Altaf Hussain spoke to PML N He also called then the Punjabis representative party He went on to say that the Muslim League N has emerged victorious in the elections and Nawaz Sharif is a representative leader of the Punjabis His statements were condemned by some in the Pakistani media and from supporters of the PML N 94 Military analyst and security expert Talat Masood said This is an ideal and a graceful victory for Sharif He will form a strong government at the center which is badly needed to tackle some enormous economic and security challenges 95 President Asif Ali Zardari blamed the poor performance of PPP on a domestic and international conspiracy as well as domestic terrorism by the Taliban preventing the party from campaigning 96 Economic edit Main articles Karachi Stock Exchange Lahore Stock Exchange and Islamabad Stock Exchange The country s stocks rose to record and the economic indicators performed well in advance of the unofficially determined results in an expectation of PML N s win 97 Upon news of the results the KSE 100 at the Karachi Stock Exchange crossed the 20 000 mark for the first time on 13 May 2013 98 The victory by PML N in the general election lifted the stock market to an all time high on 11 13 May in a sign that investors which include Goldman Sachs and Mark Mobius of Templeton were seen as the top foreign investors at the Karachi Stock Exchange on the prospect of further market gains through a stable government 99 On the day of the elections the benchmark KSE 100 Index gained 1 8 the most since 12 March 20 272 28 Marks taking its rally this year to 20 0 100 The MCB Ltd gained 4 9 to 261 60 million poised for the highest close since May 2008 100 The Pakistan State Oil PSO jumped 5 0 to 221 86 million the ABL Assets also increased its profit variation to 203 0 million 100 International edit Supranational bodies nbsp European Union High Representative for Foreign Affairs and Security Policy Catherine Ashton called the election an historic victory for democracy in the country I wish to congratulate the people of Pakistan The 2013 general election marks a historic victory for the democratic life on their country Despite an extremely difficult security environment and threats from extremists voters turned out in unprecedented numbers with many Pakistani citizens voting for the first time All the main stakeholders in particular the political parties and state institutions acted in a responsible manner demonstrating their support for democracy and the holding of the elections 101 nbsp United Nations Secretary General Ban Ki moon congratulated the government and people of Pakistan on the successful conduction of national and provincial elections hailing the polls for which millions of voters turned out as a major democratic step This is the first ever transition from one civilian government to another and a significant step forward for democracy in the country By exercising their constitutional right to vote the people of Pakistan have reaffirmed their desire for and commitment to a democratic Pakistan and their respect for the constitution of the country 102 States nbsp Afghanistan President Hamid Karzai telephoned PML N leader Nawaz Sharif and congratulated him on his party triumph in the general elections The Afghan President also expressed well wishes for Nawaz Sharif and his party 103 Karzai said that he was optimistic that ties between two brotherly countries would be friendly after Nawaz take charge of Premier office Nawaz vowed that Pakistan would take every step to improve its relationship with all neighbours especially with Afghanistan nbsp China President Xi Jinping and the Ministry of Foreign Affairs congratulated Nawaz Sharif Spokesman Hong Lei said the Chinese government were happy to see steady and smooth elections in Pakistan As China s all weather friend China will continue to support Pakistan s efforts to maintain stability and achieve development Sino Pakistani friendly and cooperative relations will enter into a new high with the efforts by the two sides 76 nbsp India Prime Minister Manmohan Singh congratulated Nawaz Sharif on his emphatic victory in the historic elections and said he hoped for better relations Singh wrote on his official Twitter account Congratulations to Mr Nawaz Sharif and his party for their emphatic victory in Pakistan s elections He said he hoped to work with Sharif to chart a new course for the relationship between the nuclear armed neighbours and invited him to visit India at a mutually convenient time 104 Jammu and Kashmir Chief Minister Omar Abdullah congratulated Nawaz Sharif for his party s performance and hoped that he would live up to his commitment to restart the peace process with India 105 The opposition BJP congratulated Mr Nawaz Sharif on his historic electoral victory 106 nbsp Saudi Arabia The royal family greeted Nawaz Sharif on his thumping victory in the elections Sources said that Saudi personalities congratulating Nawaz Sharif have expressed their well wishes for him 107 nbsp Sri Lanka President Mahinda Rajapaksa telephoned Nawaz Sharif and congratulated him on his victory in historic election 108 nbsp Iran Foreign Ministry spokesman Abbas Araghchi congratulated Pakistan for successful elections and for Sharif s ability to win the people s trust Araqchi further pointed to the close relations between Iran and Pakistan and hoped for further expansion of bilateral relations between the two neighbouring countries 109 nbsp Turkey Both President Abdullah Gul and Prime Minister Recep Tayyip Erdogan made separate phone calls to Nawaz Sharif and felicitated him on his victory 110 nbsp United Arab Emirates Sheikh Khalifa congratulated Nawaz Sharif on his victory in the elections 111 nbsp United Kingdom Prime Minister David Cameron congratulated Nawaz Sharif on his resounding election victory and praised his commitment to economic reforms Cameron spoke to Sharif on the telephone and they agreed to work to reinforce the strong bond between their two countries They also pledged their commitment to the trilateral process the three way talks between Britain Pakistan and Afghanistan aimed at finding peace in Afghanistan where Britain is starting to reduce its 9 000 strong troop presence The Prime Minister and Nawaz Sharif agreed that the strong bond between the UK and Pakistan was a huge asset and that they would work together to strengthen the relationship further Cameron welcomed Nawaz Sharif s commitment to prioritise economic reforms The two leaders also agreed on their shared commitment to the trilateral process and its importance in achieving peace in Afghanistan and the wider region 112 nbsp United States President Barack Obama praised Pakistanis for upholding their commitment to democratic rule by successfully completing the elections Obama hailed this historic peaceful and transparent transfer of civilian power He said Pakistanis ran competitive campaigns and persevered despite intimidation by violent extremists 113 Three days later Obama called Sharif over the phone and again congratulated him on his party s election victory The US president said his country respects the mandate given to Nawaz Sharif in the elections US Secretary of State John Kerry called Sharif on the phone to congratulate him on his strong showing in Saturday s elections Kerry also told Sharif that he looks forward to working with the government as the government is formed in Pakistan Kerry is hoping to visit Pakistan soon once the new government is in place 114 Controversies editIncidents of malpractice and rigging edit The winning candidate on PS 114 in Sindh of the ruling PML N was disqualified and re election ordered after it emerged that a large number of votes were invalid 115 The winning candidate on PP 97 Gujranwala from the ruling PML N was disqualified and fresh elections were ordered after it emerged that serious rigging had taken place on the seat 116 The Chief Election Commissioner conceded that the Election Commission had failed to conduct free and fair elections in Karachi Pakistan s largest city of 20 million and its main economic hub 117 The Chief election Commissioner resigned citing extreme judicial interference preventing the investigation of voter irregularities 118 119 The Election Commission admitted that it had no control of the Returning officers the persons responsible for overseeing the election at individual polling stations 120 The PTI demanded the thumb verification be held in four constituencies to check if the votes were genuine or bogus The PMLN refused ostensibly due to cost despite the fact that the PTI offered to pay 121 A candidate for PTI paid 5 million to have his votes verified The election commission then confirmed that 265 bags of votes were bogus and only 69 were genuine 122 The PTI candidate was defeated by the PML N candidate A candidate of JUI F was disqualified after it was learned that there had been rigging on 28 different women s polling stations 123 A PTI candidate disqualified PS 93 seat in Karachi to JI and re election was ordered 124 In the National Assembly Constituency NA 125 the National Database and Registration Authority NADRA found that more than 20 of all votes cast were not verifiable 125 In the National Assembly Constituency NA 118 the National Database and Registration Authority NADRA found that more than 33 of the votes cast could not be verified More than 4000 votes were cast with incorrect incomplete CNIC numbers 126 This constituency had been won by Malik Riaz In the National Assembly Constituency NA 154 the National Database and Registration Authority NADRA found that more than 20 000 votes were not verifiable The seat was won by an independent candidate Muhammad Siddique Khan Baloch who later joined the Pakistan Muslim League N 127 In the Provincial Assembly Constituency PP 107 Hafizabad III the election tribunal found evidence of massive and organized rigging The extracts of the report focusing on PP 107 Hafizabad III stated that the result of the election favourable to the returned candidate is not the will of the electors of the constituency in the true sense at all Tribunal judge Kazim Ali Malik states The election does not reflect the true will of the people I am fully justified on the basis of documentary evidence to set aside the election of the returned candidate which does not reflect the true will of the people Malik states in the report I therefore discard the available record as well as the election record which has been misappropriated or stolen I declare the election of the returned candidates from PP 107 Hafizabad III as a whole to be void In PP 107 Hafizabad III 21 298 fake and bogus votes were counted as valid votes towards the vote account of the candidates The number of used counterfoils found in election bags by the commission was 54 242 while the total number of polled votes in a statement by the Returning Officer RO was recorded as 72 895 128 In the Provincial Assembly Constituency PP 97 Gujranwala VII the election tribunal declared null and void the voting results in PP 97 and ordered re election on 33 polling stations in the Punjab Assembly constituency won by ruling Pakistan Muslim League Nawaz s candidate 129 Incidents of improper investigations edit The PML N has been accused of hindering the bureaucracy s ability to carry out Free and fair elections Tariq Malik the chairman of NADRA was fired by Nawaz Sharif after he announced that NADRA had the technology to verify votes through thumbprint verification The Islamabad High Court had him restored to his position 130 after which Tariq Malik resigned alleging that he had been threatened with kidnapping of him and his family by those who did not want the election process verified 131 After Tariq Malik s sacking It emerged that someone had broken into NADRA s office and tampered with the ballot boxes of seat NA 118 Lahore which was at the centre of the rigging allegations The boxes had been moved to NADRA so that the votes could be thumb verified as demanded by the PTI but had instead been tampered with This has led to accusations by the opposition that the civil service is either under extreme pressure or incompetent in adjudicating disputes but no proof was given 130 Incidents of incompetence edit The election commission confirmed that there was a typing error on NA 68 PM Nawaz Sharif s winning seat it emerged that the PM had received only 779 votes rather than 7879 as originally recorded This has led to accusations of incompetence which has compromised the fairness of the elections 132 133 They announced this a whole year after the PTI led by Imran Khan demanded an investigation which has led to accusations of critical inefficiency at the ECP Analysis editAftermath edit On 17 May 2013 the Vice President of the PTI Zahra Hussain was shot and killed in Karachi just before re election was due to be held 134 Three days later it was announced that the PTI had taken the Karachi seat in re polling 134 Imran Khan alleged that Altaf Hussain a leader of MQM was responsible for inciting violence and was responsible for the murder 134 Few days later British Police raided Altaf Hussain s house in London Government formation edit Further information Third Nawaz Sharif government The PML N s key strategist Sartaj Aziz announced in news media the next day that the independents candidates were in negotiation process with the PML N to join the party to form the government and to work out a few key portfolios 135 A total of nineteenth independents who had won from their respected constituencies joined the PML N which allowed the party to form a government with a simple majority This swing ultimately led to Nawaz Sharif elevated as the Prime Minister Soon after his appointment Sharif said after being formally approved as Prime Minister that in regards to drone strikes We respect the sovereignty of others and they should also respect our sovereignty and independence This campaign should come to an end Despite this two days later another drone strike killed seven people in Pakistan 136 Election for Prime Minister edit The election for Prime Minister took place on 5 June 2013 137 2012 5 June 2013 2017 Candidate Party Votes Obtained Required majority 172 out of 342 Nawaz Sharif Pakistan Muslim League N 244 nbsp Y Ameen Faheem Pakistan Peoples Party 42 nbsp N Javed Hashmi Pakistan Tehreek e Insaf 31 nbsp N Abstentions lt 25References edit Pakistan elections 2013 total voter turnout 55 The Express Tribune 21 May 2013 a b c National Assembly database Swing and Party statistics National Assembly database Retrieved 2 May 2014 Sharif seeks Pakistan majority ITV News Itv com 11 May 2013 Retrieved 22 July 2013 PTI 16 May 2013 Nawaz Sharif s PML N gets 124 seats in Pakistan National Assembly India Times Retrieved 22 July 2013 Nawaz Sharif s PML N emerges as single largest party in Pak polls Zeenews india com 14 May 2013 Retrieved 22 July 2013 Elections PTI to work out seat adjustment with JI The Express Tribune 24 March 2013 Retrieved 18 April 2013 PML N cobbles electoral alliance with PML F NPP The News 27 February 2013 Archived from the original on 22 March 2013 Retrieved 23 March 2013 Ali Manzoor 18 March 2013 Consensus JI PTI agree on electoral alliance The Express Tribune Retrieved 23 March 2013 PML N sets condition for alliance that PTI rules out Dawn 23 July 2012 Retrieved 23 March 2013 Historic election marks transition in Pakistan Pri Org 14 May 2013 Archived from the original on 16 June 2013 Retrieved 22 July 2013 Article 52 in Chapter 2 Party III of the Constitution of Pakistan Article 224 Clause 1 in Chapter 2 Party VIII of the Constitution of Pakistan a b c d AFP 9 April 2013 PTI announces party manifesto The Express Tribune Retrieved 3 May 2014 Polls a milestone for Pakistan US Congress told Dawn 14 March 2013 Retrieved 18 April 2013 Voters list issued Chief Election Commissioner geo tv Archived from the original on 4 August 2012 Retrieved 23 March 2013 Constituencies unchanged for next polls EC Dawn 31 July 2012 Retrieved 23 March 2013 Verification of voters lists in Karachi to begin on Jan 17 ECP The News 14 December 2012 Retrieved 23 March 2013 Abbas Mazhar 3 February 2013 Long interim govt If Rabbani has proof of conspiracies let s see it says Naek The Express Tribune Retrieved 23 March 2013 Article 224 Clause 1A 1B in Chapter 2 Part VIII of the Constitution Caretaker setup to be announced in a week Shah Pakistan Today 16 February 2013 Retrieved 18 April 2013 Constitutional setup PML N finalises names for caretaker Punjab CM The Express Tribune 12 March 2013 Retrieved 18 April 2013 Article 224A Clause 3 in Chapter 2 Part VIII of the Constitution Justice r Mir Hazar Khan Khoso named interim PM of Pakistan The Express Tribune 24 March 2013 Retrieved 24 March 2013 ECP selects Mir Hazar Khan Khoso as caretaker PM Dawn Pakistan Herald Publications 24 March 2013 Pakistan s caretaker PM Mir Hazar Khan Khoso sworn in BBC News 25 March 2013 Malik Maqbool 3 April 2013 Caretaker Khoso s cabinet sworn in The Nation Election Commission of Pakistan GE 2013 ecp gov pk Archived from the original on 31 May 2014 Retrieved 5 June 2014 Cookes Thom 27 March 2013 Pakistan election campaign begins Newsline ABC News Australian Broadcasting Corporation Abc net au Retrieved 11 May 2013 Pakistan pottery makers seek attention Central amp South Asia Al Jazeera English 4 October 2011 Retrieved 11 May 2013 Article 62 b in Chapter 2 Part III of the Constitution Bilawal not to return to Pakistan for elections Dawn 3 May 2013 Retrieved 11 May 2013 Asif Mehmood 25 April 2013 Dawn Fahim Retrieved 3 May 2014 a b Central Committee PPP s campaign during the 2013 election its manifesto and policies PDF Pakistan Peoples Party press releases PPP Public Relations Archived from the original PDF on 9 August 2014 Retrieved 29 May 2014 Daily Motion News 14 March 2013 PPP s electionary promises Daily Motion News Retrieved 29 May 2014 a b Staff writer 12 March 2013 PPP s Manifesto The Nation election cell monitoring Retrieved 29 May 2014 Inam R Sehri 2016 The Living History of Pakistan Vol II GHP Surrey UK pp 2097 99 Saqib Mohammad 30 April 2013 United We Stand the Left Wing The Express Tribune Retrieved 3 May 2014 Walsh Declan Masood Salman 27 May 2013 Pakistan Faces Struggle to Keep Its Lights On The New York Times Retrieved 28 May 2013 Nawaz Sharif confident of Pakistan landslide Capital News 2 May 2013 Retrieved 11 May 2013 AFP 26 March 2013 Sharif vows economic boom Khaleej Times Archived from the original on 3 May 2014 Retrieved 3 May 2014 DESK 26 March 2013 Nawaz Sharif promises economic explosion GEO News Retrieved 3 May 2014 Shah Aqil 2014 Conclusion The Armed Forces and Democracy Harvard U S Harvard University Press ISBN 0 674 41977 4 Retrieved 7 January 2015 Hanif Mohammad 13 May 2013 Pakistan elections how Nawaz Sharif beat Imran Khan and what happens next The Guardians Pakistan Retrieved 3 May 2014 PAKISTANI PARLIAMENT ELECTS NAWAZ SHARIF AS PM Associated Press Archived from the original on 11 June 2013 Retrieved 5 June 2013 a b Center for Research amp Security Studies 15 May 2013 Analysis of May 11 2013 General Elections Pakistan s RIGHT Swing or Vote for Reform Center for Research and Security Studies Retrieved 2 May 2014 PML N political programme of tripe EEE PMLN Press Public relations Archived from the original on 2 May 2014 Retrieved 29 May 2014 PML N launches its election manifesto The Express Tribune 7 March 2013 Retrieved 29 May 2014 Pakistan Tehreek e Insaf Profile Insaf Pakistan Tehreek e Insaf Fans Club Archived from the original on 2 April 2015 Retrieved 30 March 2015 DAWN COM 20 March 2013 PTI intra party polls Imran Khan elected chairman unopposed Dawn Retrieved 11 May 2013 Pakistan s Imran Khan stable after fall Al Jazeera English 4 October 2011 Retrieved 11 May 2013 Musharraf back in Pakistan from exile Al Jazeera English 24 March 2013 Retrieved 18 April 2013 Musharraf cleared to run in Pakistan election Al Jazeera English 7 April 2013 Retrieved 18 April 2013 Pakistan summons Musharraf over treason case Al Jazeera English 9 April 2013 Retrieved 18 April 2013 Pakistan court bars Musharraf from elections Al Jazeera English 4 October 2011 Retrieved 18 April 2013 Security tight as Musharraf appears in court Al Jazeera English 23 April 2013 Retrieved 2 May 2013 Musharraf put on remand over Bhutto killing Al Jazeera English 25 April 2013 Retrieved 2 May 2013 Musharraf banned from politics for life Al Jazeera English 4 October 2011 Retrieved 2 May 2013 Musharraf party to boycott Pakistan election Al Jazeera English 3 May 2013 Retrieved 11 May 2013 Musharraf granted bail in Bhutto murder case Al Jazeera English 20 May 2013 Retrieved 22 July 2013 Taliban attacks target Pakistani politicians Al Jazeera English 4 October 2011 Retrieved 2 May 2013 Several killed in Pakistan suicide blast Al Jazeera English 4 October 2011 Retrieved 2 May 2013 Pre election violence continues in Pakistan Al Jazeera English 4 October 2011 Retrieved 2 May 2013 Blast targets Pakistan s MQM party Al Jazeera English 4 October 2011 Retrieved 2 May 2013 Twin blasts hit election office in Karachi Central amp South Asia Al Jazeera English 4 May 2013 Retrieved 11 May 2013 Deadly bombing targets Pakistan poll rally Al Jazeera English 6 May 2013 Retrieved 11 May 2013 Afghan Pakistani border tension flares again Al Jazeera English 6 May 2013 Retrieved 11 May 2013 Son of former Pakistan PM kidnapped Al Jazeera English 4 October 2011 Retrieved 11 May 2013 Pakistan s Sharif set for election victory CBC Associated Press Retrieved 13 May 2013 PPP to lead in the polls Survey The Express Tribune 7 March 2013 Retrieved 18 April 2013 PML N front runner in next election Survey Khaleej Times 6 March 2013 Archived from the original on 25 April 2013 Retrieved 18 April 2013 Sharifs efforts behind PML N s growing popularity Najam Sethi The News 7 March 2013 Retrieved 18 April 2013 a b c Kohari Alizeh amp Saba Fatima Mirza 9 February 2013 Elections 2013 survey indicates close contest Dawn Retrieved 18 April 2013 Iqbal Myra 22 December 2012 2013 polls For fairer elections engage the youth and ensure women participation The Express Tribune Retrieved 18 April 2013 EU offers to send observers for Pakistan elections The Express Tribune AFP 11 March 2013 Retrieved 18 April 2013 Pakistan welcomes EU observers for May polls The News 12 March 2013 Retrieved 18 April 2013 a b EU to observe Pakistan s elections Turkishweekly 25 March 2013 Archived from the original on 26 April 2013 Retrieved 14 May 2013 Olson says US applauds democratic tendencies in Pakistan The Kooza latest news Pakistan News from Pakistan Pakistani epaper News papers English Urdu Archived from the original on 22 November 2012 Retrieved 20 November 2012 Pakistan in focus World will keenly observe next elections say US senators The Express Tribune 8 January 2013 Retrieved 14 May 2013 Iqbal Anwar 22 March 2013 Report urges US not to attempt to control Pakistan politics dawn com Iqbal Anwar 26 March 2013 US has no favourites in Pakistani political arena Dawn EC Registered Voters in General Elections 2008 amp 2013 Govt of Pakistan Election Commission of Pakistan Archived from the original on 3 May 2014 Retrieved 3 May 2014 General Election 2018 Results start pouring in as vote count continues Voter turn out Voter turn out Election Commission Voter turn out Archived from the original on 3 May 2014 Retrieved 3 May 2014 See the comparison results by Election Commission for voter turn during the Pakistan general elections 1970 and Pakistan general elections 1977 a b EC Overall party position PDF Election Commission of Pakistan results and overall party position Archived from the original PDF on 22 February 2014 Retrieved 3 May 2014 Simple majority Many independent candidates join PML N 14 May 2013 Party Position National Assembly Archived 16 April 2016 at the Wayback Machine ECP Sharif claims victory in Pakistan elections Al Jazeera English 4 October 2011 Retrieved 13 May 2013 PTV s Official Election 2013 Web Portal Election2013 ptv com pk Archived from the original on 23 March 2013 Retrieved 13 May 2013 PTV s Official Election 2013 Web Portal Election2013 ptv com pk Archived from the original on 29 May 2013 Retrieved 13 May 2013 PTI concedes defeat in Pakistan elections The Express Tribune AFP 23 February 2011 Retrieved 13 May 2013 Imran Khan Pakistan will never be the same again BBC News 1 January 1970 Retrieved 13 May 2013 Imran demands recount with fingerprint verification on 4 constituencies Retrieved 16 September 2015 Altaf congratulates Punjab representative party on winning Pakistan Today 16 October 2011 Retrieved 13 May 2013 Anwar Haris 12 May 2013 Sharif Set to Be Pakistan Premier Again as Economy Stalls Bloomberg Retrieved 22 July 2013 Conspiracies behind PPP s defeat in polls Zardari Pak Tribune 21 May 2013 Staff correspondents Pakistan Elections 2013 Pakistani stock exchange rises on wave of post election optimism 11 May 2013 Jewish News Network Archived from the original on 17 November 2021 Retrieved 28 May 2014 Stocks hit record high as Pak Inc celebrates Nawaz Sharif s victory army cautious The Times of India 14 May 2013 Archived from the original on 6 November 2013 Retrieved 22 July 2013 Staff 14 May 2013 Pakistan Election Bolsters Bull Market Case for Mobius Goldman CNBC Pakistan Retrieved 28 May 2014 a b c Mangi Fasih 12 May 2013 Pakistan Stocks Rise to Record as Sharif Approaches Win Bloomberg Businessweek Retrieved 29 May 2014 EU congratulates people of Pakistan on historic elections Politics 13 05 2013 KUNA Retrieved 14 May 2013 UN chief hails Pakistani polls as major democratic step The Express Tribune AFP 13 May 2013 Retrieved 14 May 2013 Karzai telephones Nawaz Thenews com pk 6 May 2013 Retrieved 13 May 2013 Manmohan Singh congratulates Nawaz Sharif The Times of India Retrieved 13 May 2013 Omar Abdullah greets Pakistan s Nawaz Sharif hopes a restart in peace process NDTV com Retrieved 14 May 2013 Press Shri Rajnath Singh on Mr Nawaz Sharif s win in Pakistan polls Archived from the original on 16 December 2014 Retrieved 4 June 2013 Saudi royal family s key personalities greet Nawaz Sharif Pakistan geo tv 6 May 2013 Archived from the original on 9 June 2013 Retrieved 13 May 2013 Sri Lanka President felicitates Nawaz Sharif Thefrontierpost com Retrieved 14 May 2013 World leaders greet Nawaz on poll victory Thenews com pk 7 May 2013 Retrieved 14 May 2013 Pakistan polls World leaders congratulate Nawaz Sharif Pakistan News IBNLive Mobile M ibnlive com Retrieved 14 May 2013 ONLINE International News Network Onlinenews com pk Archived from the original on 16 December 2014 Retrieved 14 May 2013 British PM praises Nawaz Sharif for economic aims Dawn 18 February 2013 Retrieved 14 May 2013 Obama praises democratic transition in Pakistan Yahoo News Associated Press Retrieved 13 May 2013 John Kerry congratulates Nawaz Sharif over the phone Thenews com pk Retrieved 22 July 2013 Election on PS 114 constituency void The Express Tribune 25 July 2014 Tribunal disqualifies PML N MPA orders re election in PP 97 Gujranwala Dunya News ECP admits failure in holding free fair election in Karachi The Nation 11 May 2013 Awaztoday tv awaztoday Resources and Information Newswatchpakistan com Newswatch Pakistan May 2014 Archived from the original on 15 May 2014 Retrieved 14 May 2014 http fafen org fafen unfolds reforms for transparent and accountable election system permanent dead link PTI demands thumb impression audit PML N says no The Express Tribune 9 May 2014 VIEW POINT The unresolved issue of electoral rigging Business Recorder Archived from the original on 15 May 2014 Retrieved 14 May 2014 Tribunal disqualifies JUI F MPA orders re polling at Mansehra seat Dawn 13 June 2014 Rigging proved in PS 93 PTI s Hafeez Uddin de seated Dunya News 14 February 2008 NA 125 constituency NADRA report shows 280 out of 1 254 votes fake The Express Tribune 14 December 2014 Electoral fraud NADRA finds rigging in records of NA 118 The Express Tribune 9 June 2014 NA 154 Over 20 000 votes were polled with invalid CNICs or without CNICs Dawn 29 October 2014 Rigging in PP 107 Election does not reflect true will of people The Express Tribune 24 September 2014 Election tribunal orders reelection in PP 97 Samaa TV a b Govt all thumbs Within hours NADRA chief sacked then reinstated The Express Tribune 3 December 2013 NADRA chairman Tariq Malik resigns Dunya News Imran s complaint EC detects clear difference in NA 68 vote count Dunya News 14 February 2008 NA 68 vote count ECP terms discrepancy a typing error Dunya News 14 February 2008 a b c Imran Khan s party wins Karachi revote Al Jazeera English Retrieved 22 July 2013 Nawaz Sharif poised to return as Pakistan PM Central amp South Asia Al Jazeera English 4 October 2011 Retrieved 14 May 2013 Deaths in US drone attack in Pakistan Al Jazeera English Retrieved 22 July 2013 Live from Parliament Nawaz elected PM with 244 votes Dawn News 5 June 2013 Retrieved 11 April 2022 External links editPakistan Putting Democracy to the Test Archived 21 September 2020 at the Wayback Machine Al Jazeera episode of Inside Story Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title 2013 Pakistani general election amp oldid 1220096138, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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