Sudurpashchim Province (Nepali: सुदूरपश्चिम प्रदेश, Sudurpashchim Province) (Far-West Province) is one of the seven provinces established by the new constitution of Nepal which was adopted on 20 September 2015.[1] It borders the Tibet Autonomous Region of China to the north, Karnali Province and Lumbini Province to the east, and the India's Kumaon to the west and Uttar Pradesh to the south. The province covers an area of 19,539 km2 - about 13.22% of the country's total area. Initially known as Province No. 7, the newly elected Provincial Assembly adopted Sudurpashchim Province as the permanent name for the province in September 2018.[2][3] The province is coterminous with the former Far-Western Development Region, Nepal. The three major cities in terms of population and economy are Dhangadhi, Bhimdutta (Mahendranagar), and Tikapur.[4]
Doti was an ancient kingdom in the far western region of Kumaon which was formed after the disintegration of the KatyuriKingdom of Kumaon around the 13th century.[5] Doti was one of eight different princely states the Katyuri Kingdom was divided into eight for their eight prince's and became different independent kingdoms; Baijnath-Katyuri, Dwarahat, Doti, Baramandal, Askot, Sira, Sora, Sui (Kali Kumaon). Later on, the whole land between Ramganga on the west (Uttarakhand) and the Karnali on the east (which divides the far western region from other parts of Nepal), came under the Raikas after the origin of Raikas of Katyuris in Doti.[6] "Brahma Dev Mandi" at Kanchanpur District of Mahakali Zone was established by Katyuri king Brahma Dev.[7]
Before the announcement of new provinces in Nepal, the area of this province was known as Far-Western development region of Nepal. There were no changes made in this province when this province was made.
Raikas of Doti
Niranjan Malla Dev was the founder of Khas Doti Kingdom around the 13th century after the fall of the Katyuri Kingdom. He was the son of Last Katyuris of united Katyuris kingdom.[8]
Kings of Doti were called Raikas (also Rainka Maharaj).[9] Later on Raikas, after defeating the Khas Malla of Karnali Zone, were able to establish the strong Raikas Kingdom in Far Western Region and Kumaon which was Doti.
Mughal invasion
During the period of Akbar's rule in the 16th century, the Mughals had attacked the Raikas of Doti. They invaded Ajemeru, the capital of the Raika Kingdom. Ajemeru is now in Dadeldhura District of the far western region of Nepal. Hussain Khan, army chief of Akbar residing in Lucknow had led the attack. According to `Abd al-Qadir Badayuni (c. 1540 - 1615), Indo-Persian historian during Mughal Empire, Mughal Army chief of Lucknow, Hussian Khan, lured by the wealth and treasures of the kingdom of the Raikas, wanted to plunder the region, this being the motive behind the assault, but they did not succeed.[10]
Conflict with Gorkha
The historic place of war between the Khas Doti Kingdom and Nepal (Khas Gorkha kingdom) during the period of Gorkha/Khas Expansion in 1790, according to the history of Nepal, is Nari-Dang, on the bank of the Seti River. The Dumrakot was the base of the Khas Doti Kingdom for fighting against the Own Khas Gorkhalis.
Khairgarh-Singhai State
Raja Deep Shahi was expelled from Nepal in 1790 A.D and on arriving at Terai of Oudh (now Lakhimpur Kheri District of Uttar Pradesh of India) he established Khairgarh-Singhai State in Khairigarh under British India.[11] Kanchanpur Praganna (present Kanchanpur and Kailali districts) was also the parts of his State or Zamindari. He succeeded in defeating the Banjaras rural of Khairigarh and establishing himself in that Pargana and in parts of Bhur. His state was merged with India In 1947 after Indian Independence.
Sudurpashchim Province has a unicameral legislature, like all of the other provinces in Nepal. The term length of the provincial assembly is five years. The Provincial Assembly of Sudurpashchim Province is temporarily housed at the District Coordination Committee Hall in Dhangadhi.[16]
The province is divided into nine districts, which are listed below. A district is administrated by the head of the District Coordination Committee and the District Administration Officer. The districts are further divided into municipalities or rural municipalities. The municipalities include one sub-metropolitan city and 33 municipalities. There are 54 rural municipalities in the province.[17]
The province has a population of 2,552,517 which is 9.63% of the total population of Nepal. The population density is about 130 persons per square kilometer. The province has a population growth rate of 1.53%. The sex ratio is 912 males for 1000 females, with a total of 1,217,887 males and 1,334,630 females recorded in 2011. The urban population of the region is 1,504,279 (58.9%) and the rural population is 1,048,238 (41.1%).[18]
Ethnic groups
The Khas/Chhetri are the largest Indigenous group, making up 44.09% of the population. The Tharu are the second largest, making up 17.15%. Other Khas groups including Hill Brahmin, Kami, Thakuri, Damai, Sarki, Lohar and Sanyasi make up 11.90%, 7.22%, 4.40%, 2.56%, 1.67%, 1.17% and 1.01% of the population. There are some Magars (2.18%) as well.[19]
The vast majority of the population speaks language varieties closely related to Nepali, if not mutually intelligible. Eastern dialects such as Bajauri and Achhami are closer to the Khas Bhasha spoken in Karnali province. The main dialect in the province is Doteli, spoken in the central part of the province, which gradually gets closer to Kumaoni spoken on the Indian side of the border. Nearly the entire Terai population spoke Tharu until the 1950s, when many Doteli and Nepali speakers from the hills migrated to the Terai. The local Tharu variant has influence from Nepali and the Hindi dialects spoken in the plains to the south across the border. The largest Sino-Tibetan language is Magar, although there are still some speakers of Byangsi in the higher mountain regions near Tibet.
The Language Commission of Nepal has recommended Dotyali and Tharu as official language in the province. The commission has also recommended Baitadeli, Achhami, and Bajhangi to be additional official languages, for specific regions and purposes in the province.[20]
^Dr.Y.S Kathoch, A New History of Uttarakhand; On Katyuri Dynasty "Around,13th Century Katyuri Dynasty established in Ranachulihat was broken into many sections" Doti was among them
^Advin T. Atkinson; Gazetteer Hindi Edition (2003); He wrote (Page 274) Whole territory to the east of Ram gang was belongs to Raikas during the late 16th century.
^Dr. Madam Chandra Bhatt; A New History of Uttarakhand (2006): " Champawat ke Chand Raja.
^Dr. Y.S Kathoch; A New History of Uttarakhand(2006). Founder of Doti was Niranjan Mall Dev..
^"National Data Portal-Nepal". nationaldata.gov.np. Retrieved 26 May 2021.
^ ab"सरकारी कामकाजको भाषाका आधारहरूको निर्धारण तथा भाषासम्बन्धी सिफारिसहरू (पञ्चवर्षीय प्रतिवेदन- साराांश) २०७८" (PDF). Language Commission (in Nepali). Language Commission of Nepal. Retrieved 28 October 2021.
January 04, 2023
sudurpashchim, province, nepali, रपश, रद, west, province, seven, provinces, established, constitution, nepal, which, adopted, september, 2015, borders, tibet, autonomous, region, china, north, karnali, province, lumbini, province, east, india, kumaon, west, ut. Sudurpashchim Province Nepali स द रपश च म प रद श Sudurpashchim Province Far West Province is one of the seven provinces established by the new constitution of Nepal which was adopted on 20 September 2015 1 It borders the Tibet Autonomous Region of China to the north Karnali Province and Lumbini Province to the east and the India s Kumaon to the west and Uttar Pradesh to the south The province covers an area of 19 539 km2 about 13 22 of the country s total area Initially known as Province No 7 the newly elected Provincial Assembly adopted Sudurpashchim Province as the permanent name for the province in September 2018 2 3 The province is coterminous with the former Far Western Development Region Nepal The three major cities in terms of population and economy are Dhangadhi Bhimdutta Mahendranagar and Tikapur 4 Sudurpashchim Province स द र पश च म प रद शProvinceClockwise from top Saipal Ghodaghodi Lake Swamp deer at Shuklaphanta National Park Badimalika Temple Khaptad Lake Api HimalSealLocation of Sudurpashchim ProvinceDarchula Bajhang Bajura Baitadi Doti Achham Dadel dhura Kanchan pur Kailali India Karnali Lumbini ChinaDivisions of Sudurpashchim ProvinceCoordinates 28 42 12 N 80 34 01 E 28 70333 N 80 56694 E 28 70333 80 56694 Coordinates 28 42 12 N 80 34 01 E 28 70333 N 80 56694 E 28 70333 80 56694Country NepalFormation20 September 2015CapitalDhangadhiLargest cityDhangadhiDistricts9Government TypeSelf governing province BodyGovernment of Sudurpashchim Province GovernorDev Raj Joshi Chief MinisterTrilochan Bhatta CPN Maoist Centre High CourtDipayal High Court Provincial AssemblyUnicameral 53 seats Parliamentary constituencyHouse of Representatives 16 seats National Assembly 8 seats Area Total19 515 52 km2 7 534 98 sq mi Rank6thPopulation 2021 Total2 711 270 Rank5th Density140 km2 360 sq mi Rank5thDemonym s Sudur Pashchimeli Nepali Paschime KhasyaTime zoneUTC 5 45 NST GeocodeNP SEOfficial languageNepaliOther Official language s 1 Doteli Khas 2 Tharu Rana HDI0 478 low Literacy63 48 Sex ratio91 25 100 2011 GDPUS 2 46 billionGDP rank6thWebsitesudurpashchim wbr gov wbr np Contents 1 History 1 1 Raikas of Doti 1 2 Mughal invasion 1 3 Conflict with Gorkha 1 4 Khairgarh Singhai State 2 Government and administration 3 Administrative subdivisions 4 Demographics 4 1 Ethnic groups 4 2 Languages 4 3 Religion 5 See also 6 ReferencesHistory EditSee also Doti and Far Western Development Region Nepal Topography of Sudurpashchim Province Doti was an ancient kingdom in the far western region of Kumaon which was formed after the disintegration of the Katyuri Kingdom of Kumaon around the 13th century 5 Doti was one of eight different princely states the Katyuri Kingdom was divided into eight for their eight prince s and became different independent kingdoms Baijnath Katyuri Dwarahat Doti Baramandal Askot Sira Sora Sui Kali Kumaon Later on the whole land between Ramganga on the west Uttarakhand and the Karnali on the east which divides the far western region from other parts of Nepal came under the Raikas after the origin of Raikas of Katyuris in Doti 6 Brahma Dev Mandi at Kanchanpur District of Mahakali Zone was established by Katyuri king Brahma Dev 7 Before the announcement of new provinces in Nepal the area of this province was known as Far Western development region of Nepal There were no changes made in this province when this province was made Raikas of Doti Edit Niranjan Malla Dev was the founder of Khas Doti Kingdom around the 13th century after the fall of the Katyuri Kingdom He was the son of Last Katyuris of united Katyuris kingdom 8 Kings of Doti were called Raikas also Rainka Maharaj 9 Later on Raikas after defeating the Khas Malla of Karnali Zone were able to establish the strong Raikas Kingdom in Far Western Region and Kumaon which was Doti Mughal invasion Edit During the period of Akbar s rule in the 16th century the Mughals had attacked the Raikas of Doti They invaded Ajemeru the capital of the Raika Kingdom Ajemeru is now in Dadeldhura District of the far western region of Nepal Hussain Khan army chief of Akbar residing in Lucknow had led the attack According to Abd al Qadir Badayuni c 1540 1615 Indo Persian historian during Mughal Empire Mughal Army chief of Lucknow Hussian Khan lured by the wealth and treasures of the kingdom of the Raikas wanted to plunder the region this being the motive behind the assault but they did not succeed 10 Conflict with Gorkha Edit The historic place of war between the Khas Doti Kingdom and Nepal Khas Gorkha kingdom during the period of Gorkha Khas Expansion in 1790 according to the history of Nepal is Nari Dang on the bank of the Seti River The Dumrakot was the base of the Khas Doti Kingdom for fighting against the Own Khas Gorkhalis Khairgarh Singhai State Edit Raja Deep Shahi was expelled from Nepal in 1790 A D and on arriving at Terai of Oudh now Lakhimpur Kheri District of Uttar Pradesh of India he established Khairgarh Singhai State in Khairigarh under British India 11 Kanchanpur Praganna present Kanchanpur and Kailali districts was also the parts of his State or Zamindari He succeeded in defeating the Banjaras rural of Khairigarh and establishing himself in that Pargana and in parts of Bhur His state was merged with India In 1947 after Indian Independence Government and administration EditFurther information Administration in Sudurpashchim Province Provincial Assembly of Sudurpashchim Province and Cabinet of Sudurpashchim Province The Governor acts as the head of the province while the Chief Minister is the head of the provincial government The Chief Judge of the Dipayal High Court is the head of the judiciary 12 The present Governor Chief Minister and Chief Judge are Ganga Prasad Yadav governor Trilochan Bhatta chief minister and Yagya Prasad Basyal 13 14 The province has 53 provincial assembly constituencies and 16 House of Representative constituencies 15 Sudurpashchim Province has a unicameral legislature like all of the other provinces in Nepal The term length of the provincial assembly is five years The Provincial Assembly of Sudurpashchim Province is temporarily housed at the District Coordination Committee Hall in Dhangadhi 16 Administrative subdivisions Edit District map of Sudurpashchim ProvinceSee also Districts of Nepal List of cities in Nepal and List of gaunpalikas of NepalThe province is divided into nine districts which are listed below A district is administrated by the head of the District Coordination Committee and the District Administration Officer The districts are further divided into municipalities or rural municipalities The municipalities include one sub metropolitan city and 33 municipalities There are 54 rural municipalities in the province 17 Achham District Baitadi District Bajhang District Bajura District Dadeldhura District Darchula District Doti District Kailali District Kanchanpur DistrictDemographics EditEthnicities castes of Sudurpashchim Pradesh Chhetri 44 09 Tharu 17 15 Hill Brahmin 11 90 Kami 7 22 Thakuri 4 40 Damai 2 56 Magar 2 18 Sarki 1 67 Lohar 1 17 Sanyasi 1 01 Other Khas Dalit 3 15 Others 2 5 The province has a population of 2 552 517 which is 9 63 of the total population of Nepal The population density is about 130 persons per square kilometer The province has a population growth rate of 1 53 The sex ratio is 912 males for 1000 females with a total of 1 217 887 males and 1 334 630 females recorded in 2011 The urban population of the region is 1 504 279 58 9 and the rural population is 1 048 238 41 1 18 Ethnic groups Edit The Khas Chhetri are the largest Indigenous group making up 44 09 of the population The Tharu are the second largest making up 17 15 Other Khas groups including Hill Brahmin Kami Thakuri Damai Sarki Lohar and Sanyasi make up 11 90 7 22 4 40 2 56 1 67 1 17 and 1 01 of the population There are some Magars 2 18 as well 19 Languages Edit Languages of Sudurpashchim Province 2011 20 Doteli 30 45 Nepali 30 18 Tharu 17 01 Baitadeli 10 65 Achhami 5 58 Bajhangi 2 64 Others 3 49 The vast majority of the population speaks language varieties closely related to Nepali if not mutually intelligible Eastern dialects such as Bajauri and Achhami are closer to the Khas Bhasha spoken in Karnali province The main dialect in the province is Doteli spoken in the central part of the province which gradually gets closer to Kumaoni spoken on the Indian side of the border Nearly the entire Terai population spoke Tharu until the 1950s when many Doteli and Nepali speakers from the hills migrated to the Terai The local Tharu variant has influence from Nepali and the Hindi dialects spoken in the plains to the south across the border The largest Sino Tibetan language is Magar although there are still some speakers of Byangsi in the higher mountain regions near Tibet The Language Commission of Nepal has recommended Dotyali and Tharu as official language in the province The commission has also recommended Baitadeli Achhami and Bajhangi to be additional official languages for specific regions and purposes in the province 20 Religion Edit Religion in Sudurpashchim Province Hinduism 97 23 Christianity 1 09 Buddhism 1 07 Islam 0 23 Prakṛti 0 22 Other or not religious 0 16 Largest cities or towns in Sudurpashchim Province Central Bureau of Statistics 2 Rank District Pop Rank District Pop Bhimdatta 1 Dhangadhi Kailali 147 741 11 Bhajani Kailali 51 845 Godawari2 Bhimdatta Kanchanpur 104 599 12 Bedkot Kanchanpur 49 4793 Godawari Kailali 78 018 13 Shuklaphanta Kanchanpur 46 8344 Tikapur Kailali 76 984 14 Mahakali Kanchanpur 39 2535 Ghodaghodi Kailali 75 586 15 Purchaudi Baitadi 39 1746 Lamki Chuha Kailali 75 425 16 Parshuram Dadeldhura 34 9837 Krishnapur Kanchanpur 56 643 17 Dasharath Chand Baitadi 34 5758 Gauriganga Kailali 55 314 18 Sanphebagar Achham 33 7889 Punarbas Kanchanpur 53 633 19 Bungal Bajhang 33 22410 Belauri Kanchanpur 53 544 20 Dipayal Silgadhi Doti 32 941See also EditProvinces of Nepal List of districts in NepalReferences Edit Nepal Provinces statoids com Retrieved 21 March 2016 Prov 7 named Sudurpashchim amid objection from NC RJP The Himalayan Times 28 September 2018 Retrieved 1 October 2018 Province 7 named Sudurpashchim Godawari capital The Kathmandu Post 28 September 2018 Retrieved 1 October 2018 Nepal Provinces www statoids com Dr Y S Kathoch A New History of Uttarakhand On Katyuri Dynasty Around 13th Century Katyuri Dynasty established in Ranachulihat was broken into many sections Doti was among them Advin T Atkinson Gazetteer Hindi Edition 2003 He wrote Page 274 Whole territory to the east of Ram gang was belongs to Raikas during the late 16th century Dr Madam Chandra Bhatt A New History of Uttarakhand 2006 Champawat ke Chand Raja Dr Y S Kathoch A New History of Uttarakhand 2006 Founder of Doti was Niranjan Mall Dev Badri Datt Pandey History of Kumaun 1937 Kumaon History Thekumaonhills com 29 March 1947 Retrieved 4 June 2015 1 dead link High Courts get their chief judges Retrieved 27 April 2018 Trilochan Bhatta becomes Province 7 chief minister The Himalayan Times 16 February 2018 Retrieved 28 April 2018 President of Nepal administers oath to Chiefs of seven provinces DD News ddnews gov in Retrieved 27 April 2018 CDC creates 495 constituencies The Himalayan Times 31 August 2017 Retrieved 27 April 2018 Preparations underway for assembly meeting The Himalayan Times 31 January 2018 Retrieved 28 April 2018 स थ न य तह 103 69 124 141 Retrieved 27 April 2018 Nepal Census 2011 PDF UN Stats National Data Portal Nepal nationaldata gov np Retrieved 26 May 2021 a b सरक र क मक जक भ ष क आध रहर क न र ध रण तथ भ ष सम बन ध स फ र सहर पञ चवर ष य प रत व दन स र श २०७८ PDF Language Commission in Nepali Language Commission of Nepal Retrieved 28 October 2021 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Sudurpashchim Province amp oldid 1130432491, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
