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Bahun

March 06, 2023

"Brahmin-Hill" redirects here. For the tribe of the Western Ghats sometimes called Hill Brahmin, see Kurichiya.

Bahun (Nepali: बाहुन) or Khas Brahmin[2] (Nepali: खस ब्राह्मण) is a caste (Varna) among Khas people of Nepal. Their origins are from the Indo-Aryan Khasa tribe of Nepal and South Asia. According to the 2011 Nepal census, Bahun is the second most populous group after Chhetri, another Varna within the hill Hindus in Nepal.[3]

Hill Brahmin
Bahun
A Bahun (Hill Brahmin) priest in Nepal
Regions with significant populations
   Nepal3,226,903 12.2% of Nepal (2011)[1]
Languages
Nepali (Khas-Kura), Sanskrit
Religion
Hinduism 99.56% (2011)

According to 1854 Muluki Ain (Nepalese Legal Code), Bahuns were regarded as caste among sacred thread bearers (Tagadhari) and twice-born Hindus.[4]

A Bahun (Brahmin) man at the Bratabandha ceremony in Nepal

Origin

Traditionally, Bahuns were members of the Khas community together with Chhetris and Hill Dalits.[2] Possibly due to political power of the Khasa Malla kingdom, Khas Bahun and Khas Rajput (Chhetris)[5] had high social status like plain Brahmins and Rajputs in the present-day western Nepal.[2] Bahuns, regarded as upper class Khas group together with Chhetri, were associated mostly with the Gorkha Kingdom.[6][6][7] Bahuns were original inhabitants of Karnali region of Nepal. The immigration of Brahmins into Nepal increased significantly from 1324 and continued up to 1769 due to the foreign invasion in the western portion of the Indian subcontinent.[8]

Clans

Bahuns were divided into two clans on the basis of residency. The Bahun residents east of Mahakali river were known as Purbiya Bahun and west of the river were known as Kumai Bahun.[9] Kumai or Kumain is a direct derivative of Kumaoni, meaning residents of Kumaon.[9]

Demography

According to the 2011 Nepal census, Bahuns (referred as Hill-Brahmin) are the second most populous group after Chhetri with 12.2% of Nepal's population (or 32,26,903 people).[10] Bahun are the second largest Hindu group with a population of 3,212,704 (99.6% of Bahuns).[10] Bahuns are the largest group in 15 districts in Nepal: Jhapa, Morang, Kathmandu, Chitwan, Nawalparasi, Rupandehi, Kaski, Syangja, Parbat, Gulmi and Arghakhanchi. Among these, Bahuns in Parbat (35.7%), Arghakhanchi (32.8%), Syangja (30.9%), Chitwan (28.6%), Kaski (27.8%) and Gulmi (25.2%) consist more than 25% of the district population. Kathmandu has largest Bahun population with 410,126 people (23.5%).[10]

Bahuns have the highest civil service representation with 39.2% of Nepal's bureaucracy while having only 12.1% of Nepal's total population. The civil service representation to population ratio is 3.2 times for Bahuns which is fourth in Nepal. Chhetris represent 5.6 times in civil services to their percentage of population, which is the highest in Nepal.[11] As per the Public Service Commission, Brahmins (33.3%) and Chhetris (20.01%) were two largest caste group to obtain governmental jobs in F.Y. 2017-18 even though 45% governmental seats are reserved for women, Madhesis, other caste and Tibetan tribes, people with disability and those from the backward regions.[12] Similarly, in the fiscal 2018–19, Bahuns (34.87%) and Chhetris (19.63%) maintained 55% of their proportion in civil service as per Public Service Commission.[13]

Notable people

See also

References

  1. ^ (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2017-09-18. Retrieved 2017-04-09.
  2. ^ a b c John T Hitchcock 1978, pp. 116–119.
  3. ^ "Nepal Census 2011" (PDF).
  4. ^ Sherchan 2001, p. 14.
  5. ^ John T Hitchcock 1978, p. 116.
  6. ^ a b Whelpton 2005, p. 31.
  7. ^ "Nepal -".
  8. ^ "(O)r of (Brahmin) immigration to Nepal around 1324, continuing until c. 1769"(Witzel 1993:266)
  9. ^ a b Subba 1989, p. 30.
  10. ^ a b c (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2017-09-18. Retrieved 2019-11-26.
  11. ^ Dhakal, Amit (11 June 2014). "निजामती सेवामा सबैभन्दा बढी प्रतिनिधित्व राजपूत, कायस्थ र तराई ब्राम्हण". Setopati.
  12. ^ "Brahmins and Chhetris land most government jobs". kathmandupost.com.
  13. ^ "Brahmins and Chhetris continue to dominate entry into civil service". kathmandupost.com.
  14. ^ Chabilal Upadhyaya - Wikipedia
  15. ^ Raj, Prakash A. (2006). Dancing Democracy: The power of a Third Eye. Rupa & Company. ISBN 9788129109460.
  16. ^ a b c d "Girija Prasad Koirala: The architect of democracy in Nepal". Dawn. 23 March 2010. Retrieved 13 December 2017.
  17. ^ Westminster legacies. UNSW Press. 2005. ISBN 978-0-86840-848-4. Retrieved 2009-05-15.
  18. ^ "Flight of a free bird". My Republica. 7 March 2011. Retrieved 13 December 2017.
  19. ^ Goldenberg, Suzanne (4 May 1999). "Man Mohan Adhikari". The Guardian. Retrieved 13 December 2017.
  20. ^ . Xinhuanet. Archived from the original on August 5, 2016. Retrieved 2017-12-13.
  21. ^ "Prachanda elected Prime Minister of Nepal". The Hindu. Retrieved 2017-12-13.
  22. ^ "CPN-UML Comrades Apart". Spotlight Nepal Magazine. Retrieved 2017-12-13.
  23. ^ "Caste no bar". Nepali Times. 16 January 2009. Retrieved 12 February 2018.

Bibliography

  • Dor Bahadur Bista (1991). Fatalism and Development: Nepal's Struggle for Modernization. Orient Blackswan. ISBN 978-81-250-0188-1.
  • Subba, Tanka Bahadur (1989). Dynamics of a hill society: Nepalis in Darjeeling and Sikkim Himalayas. Mittal Publications. ISBN 9788173041143.
  • John T Hitchcock (1978). "An Additional Perspective on the Nepali Caste System". In James F. Fisher (ed.). Himalayan Anthropology: The Indo-Tibetan Interface. Walter de Gruyter. ISBN 978-90-279-7700-7.
  • Richard Burghart (1984). "The Formation of the Concept of Nation-State in Nepal". The Journal of Asian Studies. 44 (1): 101–125. doi:10.2307/2056748. JSTOR 2056748. S2CID 154584368.
  • Whelpton, John (2005). A History of Nepal. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0521804707.
  • Sherchan, Sanjay (2001). Democracy, pluralism and Change: An Inquiry into Nepalese context. Chhye Pahhuppe. ISBN 9789993354390.
  • Nepala Rajakiya Pragya Pratisthana (2001). Journal of Nepalese Literature, Art and Culture. Vol. 4. Nepal: Royal Nepal Academy.
  • Witzel, Michael (1993). "Toward a History of the Brahmins". Journal of the American Oriental Society. 113 (2): 264–268. doi:10.2307/603031. ISSN 0003-0279. JSTOR 603031.

March 06, 2023
bahun, brahmin, hill, redirects, here, tribe, western, ghats, sometimes, called, hill, brahmin, kurichiya, this, article, needs, additional, citations, verification, please, help, improve, this, article, adding, citations, reliable, sources, unsourced, materia. Brahmin Hill redirects here For the tribe of the Western Ghats sometimes called Hill Brahmin see Kurichiya This article needs additional citations for verification Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources Unsourced material may be challenged and removed Find sources Bahun news newspapers books scholar JSTOR October 2020 Learn how and when to remove this template message Bahun Nepali ब ह न or Khas Brahmin 2 Nepali खस ब र ह मण is a caste Varna among Khas people of Nepal Their origins are from the Indo Aryan Khasa tribe of Nepal and South Asia According to the 2011 Nepal census Bahun is the second most populous group after Chhetri another Varna within the hill Hindus in Nepal 3 Hill BrahminBahunA Bahun Hill Brahmin priest in NepalRegions with significant populations Nepal3 226 903 12 2 of Nepal 2011 1 LanguagesNepali Khas Kura SanskritReligionHinduism 99 56 2011 According to 1854 Muluki Ain Nepalese Legal Code Bahuns were regarded as caste among sacred thread bearers Tagadhari and twice born Hindus 4 A Bahun Brahmin man at the Bratabandha ceremony in Nepal Contents 1 Origin 2 Clans 3 Demography 4 Notable people 5 See also 6 References 7 BibliographyOrigin EditTraditionally Bahuns were members of the Khas community together with Chhetris and Hill Dalits 2 Possibly due to political power of the Khasa Malla kingdom Khas Bahun and Khas Rajput Chhetris 5 had high social status like plain Brahmins and Rajputs in the present day western Nepal 2 Bahuns regarded as upper class Khas group together with Chhetri were associated mostly with the Gorkha Kingdom 6 6 7 Bahuns were original inhabitants of Karnali region of Nepal The immigration of Brahmins into Nepal increased significantly from 1324 and continued up to 1769 due to the foreign invasion in the western portion of the Indian subcontinent 8 Clans EditBahuns were divided into two clans on the basis of residency The Bahun residents east of Mahakali river were known as Purbiya Bahun and west of the river were known as Kumai Bahun 9 Kumai or Kumain is a direct derivative of Kumaoni meaning residents of Kumaon 9 Demography EditAccording to the 2011 Nepal census Bahuns referred as Hill Brahmin are the second most populous group after Chhetri with 12 2 of Nepal s population or 32 26 903 people 10 Bahun are the second largest Hindu group with a population of 3 212 704 99 6 of Bahuns 10 Bahuns are the largest group in 15 districts in Nepal Jhapa Morang Kathmandu Chitwan Nawalparasi Rupandehi Kaski Syangja Parbat Gulmi and Arghakhanchi Among these Bahuns in Parbat 35 7 Arghakhanchi 32 8 Syangja 30 9 Chitwan 28 6 Kaski 27 8 and Gulmi 25 2 consist more than 25 of the district population Kathmandu has largest Bahun population with 410 126 people 23 5 10 Bahuns have the highest civil service representation with 39 2 of Nepal s bureaucracy while having only 12 1 of Nepal s total population The civil service representation to population ratio is 3 2 times for Bahuns which is fourth in Nepal Chhetris represent 5 6 times in civil services to their percentage of population which is the highest in Nepal 11 As per the Public Service Commission Brahmins 33 3 and Chhetris 20 01 were two largest caste group to obtain governmental jobs in F Y 2017 18 even though 45 governmental seats are reserved for women Madhesis other caste and Tibetan tribes people with disability and those from the backward regions 12 Similarly in the fiscal 2018 19 Bahuns 34 87 and Chhetris 19 63 maintained 55 of their proportion in civil service as per Public Service Commission 13 Notable people EditMadhav Prasad Devkota Chabilal Upadhyaya 14 circular reference Ranga Nath Poudyal 15 Krishna Prasad Koirala and Koirala family 16 Matrika Prasad Koirala 16 Tanka Prasad Acharya 17 Bishweshwar Prasad Koirala 16 Girija Prasad Koirala 16 Krishna Prasad Bhattarai 18 Man Mohan Adhikari 19 KP Sharma Oli Pushpa Kamal Dahal Prachanda 20 21 Madhav Kumar Nepal 22 Baburam Bhattarai 23 See also EditCaste system in Nepal Varna Hinduism References Edit Nepal Census 2011 PDF Archived from the original PDF on 2017 09 18 Retrieved 2017 04 09 a b c John T Hitchcock 1978 pp 116 119 Nepal Census 2011 PDF Sherchan 2001 p 14 John T Hitchcock 1978 p 116 a b Whelpton 2005 p 31 Nepal O r of Brahmin immigration to Nepal around 1324 continuing until c 1769 Witzel 1993 266 a b Subba 1989 p 30 a b c Nepal Census 2011 PDF Archived from the original PDF on 2017 09 18 Retrieved 2019 11 26 Dhakal Amit 11 June 2014 न ज मत स व म सब भन द बढ प रत न ध त व र जप त क यस थ र तर ई ब र म हण Setopati Brahmins and Chhetris land most government jobs kathmandupost com Brahmins and Chhetris continue to dominate entry into civil service kathmandupost com Chabilal Upadhyaya Wikipedia Raj Prakash A 2006 Dancing Democracy The power of a Third Eye Rupa amp Company ISBN 9788129109460 a b c d Girija Prasad Koirala The architect of democracy in Nepal Dawn 23 March 2010 Retrieved 13 December 2017 Westminster legacies UNSW Press 2005 ISBN 978 0 86840 848 4 Retrieved 2009 05 15 Flight of a free bird My Republica 7 March 2011 Retrieved 13 December 2017 Goldenberg Suzanne 4 May 1999 Man Mohan Adhikari The Guardian Retrieved 13 December 2017 CPN Maoist Chairman Pushpa Kamal Dahal elected as 39th Prime Minister of Nepal Xinhuanet Archived from the original on August 5 2016 Retrieved 2017 12 13 Prachanda elected Prime Minister of Nepal The Hindu Retrieved 2017 12 13 CPN UML Comrades Apart Spotlight Nepal Magazine Retrieved 2017 12 13 Caste no bar Nepali Times 16 January 2009 Retrieved 12 February 2018 Bibliography EditDor Bahadur Bista 1991 Fatalism and Development Nepal s Struggle for Modernization Orient Blackswan ISBN 978 81 250 0188 1 Subba Tanka Bahadur 1989 Dynamics of a hill society Nepalis in Darjeeling and Sikkim Himalayas Mittal Publications ISBN 9788173041143 John T Hitchcock 1978 An Additional Perspective on the Nepali Caste System In James F Fisher ed Himalayan Anthropology The Indo Tibetan Interface Walter de Gruyter ISBN 978 90 279 7700 7 Richard Burghart 1984 The Formation of the Concept of Nation State in Nepal The Journal of Asian Studies 44 1 101 125 doi 10 2307 2056748 JSTOR 2056748 S2CID 154584368 Whelpton John 2005 A History of Nepal Cambridge University Press ISBN 978 0521804707 Sherchan Sanjay 2001 Democracy pluralism and Change An Inquiry into Nepalese context Chhye Pahhuppe ISBN 9789993354390 Nepala Rajakiya Pragya Pratisthana 2001 Journal of Nepalese Literature Art and Culture Vol 4 Nepal Royal Nepal Academy Witzel Michael 1993 Toward a History of the Brahmins Journal of the American Oriental Society 113 2 264 268 doi 10 2307 603031 ISSN 0003 0279 JSTOR 603031 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Bahun amp oldid 1133411368, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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