The name Romani derives from řom, the historical self-designation of speakers of the Romani language group. Romani is sometimes written as Romany (in English), but native speaking people use the word Romani for the language. Historically, Romani people have been known for being nomadic, but today only a small percentage of Romani people are unsettled[5] due to forced assimilation and government interventions.
Sinte Romani is a dialect of Romani and belongs to the Northwestern Romani dialect group, which also includes Finnish Kalo.[6]Sinti is the self-designation of a large Romani population that began leaving the Balkans early on in the dispersion of the Romani language group, from the end of the 14th century on, and migrated to German-speaking territory.[7][8]Sinti in France typically also speak Sinte Romani but refer to themselves as Manuš (or Manouche).[8][9]
Sinte Romani is a non-tonal language with 25 consonants, 6 vowels, and 4 diphthongs.[7]
Vocabularyedit
Example vocabulary for Sinte Romani is given below, based on samples from Austria, Italy, and Albania collected in the Romani Morpho-Syntax Database (RMS) hosted by the University of Manchester. Words that show the influence of historical German vocabulary are marked with an asterisk (*).
^Peter Bakker, Donald Kenrick et al.: What is the Romani language? Series: Interface Collection. Centre de recherches tsiganes and University of Hertfordshire Press, Hatfield (Hertfordshire) 2000, p. 58 (ISBN 1-902806-06-9).
^"Welke erkende talen heeft Nederland?". Rijksoverheid (in Dutch). 11 January 2016. Retrieved 24 March 2020.
^ abInternational Encyclopedia of Linguistics: AAVE - Esperanto. Oxford University Press. 14 March 2018. ISBN9780195139778 – via Google Books.
^Peter Bakker, Donald Kenrick et al.: What is the Romani language? Series: Interface Collection. Centre de recherches tsiganes and University of Hertfordshire Press, Hatfield (Hertfordshire) 2000, p. 44 (ISBN 1-902806-06-9).
^ ab"Varieties, Dialects, and Classification". Romani Project. University of Graz (Austria). Retrieved 2019-03-27.
^ abcde"Romani, Sinte". Ethnologue, Languages of the World. 15 March 2014.
^ abcMargalit, Gilad; Matras, Yaron (2007). "Gypsies in Germany-German Gypsies? Identity and Politics of Sinti and Roma in German". In Stauber, Roni; Vago, Raphael (eds.). The Roma: A Minority in Europe: Historical, Political and Social Perspectives. Budapest: Central European University Press. pp. 103–116. ISBN9781429462532. OCLC 191940451.
^"Romani Dialects". ROMLEX (Romani Lexicon). University of Gratz. Retrieved 2019-03-28.
^Engbring-Romang, Udo (December 2016). "Romani, the Language of the Sinti and Roma: Preferably, Only Spoken". Das Goethe. Goethe-Institut. Retrieved 2019-03-27.
Daniel Holzinger, Das Romanes. Grammatik und Diskursanalyse der Sprache der Sinte, Innsbruck 1993
Norbert Boretzky/Birgit Igla, Kommentierter Dialektatlas des Romani, Teil 1, Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz, 2004
Further readingedit
Acton, T. A., & Mundy, G. (1997). Romani culture and Gypsy identity. Hatfield: University of Hertfordshire.
Peter Bakker, Donald Kenrick et al.: What is the Romani language? Series: Interface Collection. Centre de recherches tsiganes and University of Hertfordshire Press, Hatfield (Hertfordshire) 2000, p. 58.
Gilbert, J. (2014). Nomadic peoples and human rights. New York, NY: Routledge.
Guy, W. (2001). Between past and future: The Roma of Central and Eastern Europe. Hatfield: University of Hertfordshire Press.
Matras, Y. (1999). "Writing Romani: The pragmatics of codification in a stateless language". Applied Linguistics. 20 (4): 481–502. doi:10.1093/applin/20.4.481.
Matras, Y. (2002). Romani: A linguistic introduction. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Matras, Y. (2010). Romani in Britain: The afterlife of a language. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press.
Saul, N., & Tebbutt, S. (2004). The role of the Romanies: Images and counter-images of "Gypsies"/Romanies in European cultures. Liverpool: Liverpool University Press.
Smith, T. (1997). "Recognising Difference: The Romani 'Gypsy' Child Socialisation and Education Process. British". Journal of Sociology of Education. 18 (2): 243–256. doi:10.1080/0142569970180207. JSTOR 1393193.
Wells, R. S.; Yuldasheva, N.; Ruzibakiev, R.; et al. (August 2001). "The Eurasian heartland: a continental perspective on Y-chromosome diversity". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 98 (18): 10244–49. Bibcode:2001PNAS...9810244W. doi:10.1073/pnas.171305098. PMC56946. PMID 11526236.
External linksedit
A 1903 textbook in Sinti by F. N. Finck, (in German), at the Internet Archive: [1]
sinte, romani, this, article, about, romani, dialect, sinti, romani, people, sinti, also, known, sintitikes, manuš, variety, romani, spoken, sinti, people, germany, france, austria, belgium, netherlands, some, parts, northern, italy, other, adjacent, regions, . This article is about the Romani dialect For the Sinti Romani people see Sinti Sinte Romani also known as Sintitikes Manus is the variety of Romani spoken by the Sinti people in Germany France Austria Belgium the Netherlands some parts of Northern Italy and other adjacent regions Sinte Romani is characterized by significant German influence and is not mutually intelligible with other forms of Romani 4 The language is written in the Latin script Sinte RomaniSintitikesManoucheRomanes Sinto Sintitikes 1 Native toGermany Austria Switzerland Czech Republic Italy France Netherlands Serbia CroatiaEthnicitySintiNative speakers210 000 2000 2014 2 Language familyIndo European Indo IranianIndo AryanWestern ZoneRomaniNorthwestern RomaniSinte RomaniDialectsAbbruzzesi Bijale Eftawagaria Estracharia Gadschkene Kranaria Krantiki Lallere Manouche Manuche Manush Manus Piedmont Sinti Praistiki Serbian Romani Venetian SintiWriting systemLatinOfficial statusRecognised minoritylanguage in Netherlands 3 Language codesISO 639 3 a href https iso639 3 sil org code rmo class extiw title iso639 3 rmo rmo a Glottologsint1235ELPSinte Romani Contents 1 Overview 2 Phonology 3 Vocabulary 4 See also 5 References 6 Sources 7 Further reading 8 External linksOverview editThe name Romani derives from rom the historical self designation of speakers of the Romani language group Romani is sometimes written as Romany in English but native speaking people use the word Romani for the language Historically Romani people have been known for being nomadic but today only a small percentage of Romani people are unsettled 5 due to forced assimilation and government interventions Sinte Romani is a dialect of Romani and belongs to the Northwestern Romani dialect group which also includes Finnish Kalo 6 Sinti is the self designation of a large Romani population that began leaving the Balkans early on in the dispersion of the Romani language group from the end of the 14th century on and migrated to German speaking territory 7 8 Sinti in France typically also speak Sinte Romani but refer to themselves as Manus or Manouche 8 9 Today Sinte is mainly spoken in Germany France Northern Italy Switzerland Serbia and Croatia with smaller numbers of speakers in Austria the Czech Republic and the Netherlands 4 6 7 Sinti form the largest sub group of Romani people in Germany and Germany in turn is home to the largest number of Sinte Romani speakers 7 8 Nearly all Sinte Romani speakers speak multiple languages the dominant language of the country they live in being the most common 7 10 Phonology editSinte Romani is a non tonal language with 25 consonants 6 vowels and 4 diphthongs 7 Vocabulary editExample vocabulary for Sinte Romani is given below based on samples from Austria Italy and Albania collected in the Romani Morpho Syntax Database RMS hosted by the University of Manchester Words that show the influence of historical German vocabulary are marked with an asterisk Sinte Romani Vocabulary 11 Austria Italy AlbaniaNouns Sinti Roma sinto sinti gipter sintonon Roma gadzo gadzo xujlefriend mal mal malfather dad dat dadgrandmother mami nonna mamihorse graj graj grajdog dzukel dzuklo dzukal dzuklohedgehog borso niglo niglo fur hauta xauta hauta hand vast vas vasleg heri xeri pirustomach buko stomako magaker mujheart zi zi zitime ciro siro ciroweather wetra siro ciromoon con luna montu month enja con monato concabbage sax kavolo saxegg jaro jaro jarobutter khil kil butro Verbs speak rakar rakarava rakr call khar karava ker penlive dziv vita dzi love kam kamava kam Adverbs today kau dives kava divas kaldistomorrow tajsa tejsa tajsayesterday tajsa u war divas vaverdisa little je bisla ja pisal pisa enough dosta doal dohaAdjective long laung lungo dur Words borrowed from historical German Words borrowed from the modern dominant languages i e German Italian or Albanian See also editSinti Romani languageReferences edit Peter Bakker Donald Kenrick et al What is the Romani language Series Interface Collection Centre de recherches tsiganes and University of Hertfordshire Press Hatfield Hertfordshire 2000 p 58 ISBN 1 902806 06 9 Sinte Romani at Ethnologue 19th ed 2016 nbsp Welke erkende talen heeft Nederland Rijksoverheid in Dutch 11 January 2016 Retrieved 24 March 2020 a b International Encyclopedia of Linguistics AAVE Esperanto Oxford University Press 14 March 2018 ISBN 9780195139778 via Google Books Peter Bakker Donald Kenrick et al What is the Romani language Series Interface Collection Centre de recherches tsiganes and University of Hertfordshire Press Hatfield Hertfordshire 2000 p 44 ISBN 1 902806 06 9 a b Varieties Dialects and Classification Romani Project University of Graz Austria Retrieved 2019 03 27 a b c d e Romani Sinte Ethnologue Languages of the World 15 March 2014 a b c Margalit Gilad Matras Yaron 2007 Gypsies in Germany German Gypsies Identity and Politics of Sinti and Roma in German In Stauber Roni Vago Raphael eds The Roma A Minority in Europe Historical Political and Social Perspectives Budapest Central European University Press pp 103 116 ISBN 9781429462532 OCLC 191940451 Romani Dialects ROMLEX Romani Lexicon University of Gratz Retrieved 2019 03 28 Engbring Romang Udo December 2016 Romani the Language of the Sinti and Roma Preferably Only Spoken Das Goethe Goethe Institut Retrieved 2019 03 27 ROMANI Project Manchester romani humanities manchester ac uk Retrieved 2019 03 27 Sources editDaniel Holzinger Das Romanes Grammatik und Diskursanalyse der Sprache der Sinte Innsbruck 1993 Norbert Boretzky Birgit Igla Kommentierter Dialektatlas des Romani Teil 1 Wiesbaden Harrassowitz 2004Further reading editActon T A amp Mundy G 1997 Romani culture and Gypsy identity Hatfield University of Hertfordshire Peter Bakker Donald Kenrick et al What is the Romani language Series Interface Collection Centre de recherches tsiganes and University of Hertfordshire Press Hatfield Hertfordshire 2000 p 58 Gilbert J 2014 Nomadic peoples and human rights New York NY Routledge Guy W 2001 Between past and future The Roma of Central and Eastern Europe Hatfield University of Hertfordshire Press Matras Y 1999 Writing Romani The pragmatics of codification in a stateless language Applied Linguistics 20 4 481 502 doi 10 1093 applin 20 4 481 Matras Y 2002 Romani A linguistic introduction Cambridge Cambridge University Press Matras Y 2010 Romani in Britain The afterlife of a language Edinburgh Edinburgh University Press Saul N amp Tebbutt S 2004 The role of the Romanies Images and counter images of Gypsies Romanies in European cultures Liverpool Liverpool University Press Smith T 1997 Recognising Difference The Romani Gypsy Child Socialisation and Education Process British Journal of Sociology of Education 18 2 243 256 doi 10 1080 0142569970180207 JSTOR 1393193 Wells R S Yuldasheva N Ruzibakiev R et al August 2001 The Eurasian heartland a continental perspective on Y chromosome diversity Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 98 18 10244 49 Bibcode 2001PNAS 9810244W doi 10 1073 pnas 171305098 PMC 56946 PMID 11526236 External links editA brief overview in German A 1903 textbook in Sinti by F N Finck in German at the Internet Archive 1 Biblical Recording in Sinte Romani RMS Romani Morpho Syntax Database Endangered Languages Project Sinte Romani Endangered Languages Project nbsp This Romani related article is a stub You can help Wikipedia by expanding it vte nbsp This article about Indo Aryan languages is a stub You can help Wikipedia by expanding it vte Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Sinte Romani amp oldid 1187487615, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
